第一篇：中央电大工商管理学位英语作文(2012-11-3)（推荐）
作文：最好把八套模拟题以及上课时下发资料里的作文都复习了，但是要重点复习下面5个题。
3、模拟题四、五、八里面的作文题
4、Directions:
You have been working in Morning Star Company for two years.However, you want to pursue your Master’s degree this September.You decide to quit.Write a letter to your boss, Mr.Johnson, telling him your decision, stating your reason(s), and making an apology.（你再Morning Star公司已经工作两年了，但是，现在你想在九月去读硕士学位，你决定辞职。给你的老板Johnson先生写封信，表达你的决定、你的理由，并表示歉意。）
Write your letter no less than 100 words.Don’t sign your own name at the end of your letter, using “Li Ming” instead.（写封不少于100词的信，信的结尾不要写自己的姓名，用Li Ming替代）
5、Directions:
Suppose that your friend’s birthday is coming.Write a letter in about 100 words to congratulate her.（假设你的朋友的生日即将到来，写一封100词左右的信向她表示祝贺）
Don’t sign your own name at the end of your letter, using “Li Ming” instead.（信的结尾不要写自己的姓名，用Li Ming替代）
（此题是上课时下发资料中的第四个作文题）
第二篇：工商管理学位英语复习资料
1、All _____is a continuous supply of the basic necessities of life.D.that is needed
2.Christopher Columbus was believed __the American continent.C.to have discovered3、Children who are over-protected by their parents may become_____ C.spoiled
4.Do you think she has any ____ to refuse John's invitation? A.reason5、Depending on____, Mary led us through an unknown part of the forest.A.intuition6、Excuse me, sir.I've lost my watch.Do you have ___ time?A.the
7.Either you or I ___wrong on this matter.C.am
8.His parents _____, the orphan is now taken care of by her uncle.D.having died
9.He is the boy __I think scored the winning points for the basketball team.D.who
10.He had difficulties making himself understood,but we didn't _impatience.C.show any sign of11、He used to have a ____of stamp-collection, but he has given it up.B.hobby12、He just couldn't ___what in the world she had been talking about all the time.A.figure out13、He is one of the students who____ always on time.B.are14、He must have had an accident, or he ______ then.A.would have been here15、His _____ handwriting resulted from haste and carelessness rather than from the inability to form the letters correctly.A.unreadable16、It was essential that the application forms __back before the deadline.C.be sent17、In spite of your living so far away, we both hope very much ____.B.that you come18、I'd like to __the lessons once more before we take the exam tomorrow.B.go over19、It has been a long time _____I saw you last time.A.since20、I know you're planning to travel this summer, but do you know_____?D.how much it will cost21、I didn't ask him, but he ___ to help me with my homework.B.offered22、It wasn't such a good dinner ______ she had promised us.C.as23、It was difficult to guess what her ____ to the news would be.B.reaction24、In spite of your living so far away,we both hope very much ___.B.that you come25、It is because he is too young __he does not understand what has happened.A.that26、My camera can be ___to take pictures in cloudy or sunny conditions.B.adjusted27、Many new__will be opened up in the future for those with a university education.A.opportunities28、Many people watch TV only to ___time.C.kill29、My friend was full of __for the way in which I had so quickly learned to drive a car.C.admiration30、Neither Larry's father nor his mother _____at home.C.was31、Please listen to me.It's inappropriate for you to persist in ___ this.C.doing32、Since your supervisor has _____ the time for a talk, you must make sure that you will be there on time.B.specified33、She talked to him for a long time and ___him from doing that dangerous job.B.dissuaded34、___ student with a little common sense should be able to answer the question.B.Any
35.____ send your motorcycle to be repaired? You'd better not drive it any more.B.Why not36、She never laughed, ______ lose her temperB.nor did she ever37、Since your supervisor has _____ the time for a talk, you must make sure that you will be there on time.B.specified38、Some old people don't like pop songs because they can't __ so much noise.C.tolerate39、The hunter ______ on his back with his eyes half closed.C.lay40、The rain was heavy and _______ the land was flooded.A.consequently41、The manager promised to keep me ___ of how our business was going on.C.informed42、The leaves are ____ down to the ground when autumn comes.D.falling43、__to the moon some day,I should see the surface of the moon with my own eyes.B.Were I to go44、There were no tickets _____ for Friday's performance.D.available45、Two old friends meet ____chance in the street.A.by46、They decided to chase the cow away ______ it did more damage.C.before47、The manufacturers __carried out one of the Chairman's proposals,but they didn't.C.ought to have
48.The news you told me the other day has yet to be___.D.confirmed
49.They are believed ____ in their experiment.A.to have already succeeded50、The little girl woke up screamingbecause she had had a_____.B.nightmare51、The manager ___that the new employees go through professional training before they started working.B.insisted52、The textile industry _____ greatly to the economy of Hong Kong.C.contributes53、The bridge was named _ the hero who gave his life for the cause of the people.A.after
54.Two old friends meet ____chance in the street.A.by
55.The manufacturers _____carried out one of the Chairman's proposals, but they didn't.C.ought to have
56.The police officer happened _____ the traffic when the accident happened.C.to be directing
57.The old lady felt very ____when her daughter forgot her birthday.D.disappointed
58.The little girl, who got home very late, was greatly relieved when she found out she had been___.C.spared59、The manager promised to keep me __ of how our business was going on.C.informed60、The famous Yong Le Bell is three times_____.A.as tall as a man61、What time does my flight leave ____Tuesday? D.on62、______ with the size of the whole earth , the highest mountain does not seem high at all.A.When compared63、Would you please help me to ____up the present for the oldgentleman?A.wrap
64.We think it is wise ____him not to accept their offer.B.of65、We ______ our breakfast when an old man came to the door.D.had just had66、When Mr.Jones gets old, he will______ over his business to his son.B.hand67、What are you doing? I'm _____the bedroom for my wallet.C.searching68、You ought not to ____ him the news that day.C.have told69、Your little girl is becoming very rude.You _____scold her.D.ought to70、You ought not to ____ him the news that day.C.have told71、You are lucky since you've never ____anything in your life.A.lost
Reading Selectively or Extensively?
1.Once famous English philosopher Francis Bacon said, “Reading makes a full man”, which means that anyone who wants to be a full man must keep on reading.But books are of various kinds and different contents.Then how to read?
Some people say that we should read selectively.They believe that it is not how much one reads but what he reads that really counts.Since we have no enough time to read all kinds of books, we should read selectively to achieve a high efficiency, reading only those that are useful to our majors and future works.Only by this way can we make full use of our time, and gain more practical knowledge.However, others claim that reading extensively is a better choice.In their opinions, different books are of different uses.Just like Bacon mentioned, “Histories make men wise；poets witty；the mathematics subtle;natural philosophy deep;moral grave;logic and rhetoric able to content.” Therefore, reading widely is necessary for a full man.In my viewpoint, we should read both selectively and extensively.The two reading ways have their respective roles in our reading.We can read selectively for specialized knowledge, or read widely for general information.There fore, the combination of the two methods is more reasonable.2.As the source of knowledge, books play an important role in our life.They not only make a full man, but also promote the development of society.However, among so many books in the world, should we read selectively or extensively?
Some people hold that we should read selectively.To begin with, life is limited, and it is impossible for us to read all kinds of books.Second, not all the books can benefit us.Some kinds of books, such as cartoon books, popular novels and magazines only can entertain us and make us feel relaxed in our spare time.Third, everyone has special interest, so while reading we could select different books according to our personal interests.However, some believe otherwise.They maintain that in modern society, people are supposed to have more knowledge than their ancestors to cope with tougher problems.Besides, the society is developing faster and faster, if we confine our knowledge only to our major or our study field, we couldn't keep up with the changes around us.Even we may feel puzzled about what is happening in this modern world.So some people suggest we read extensively so as to get much more knowledge and not to become a person like Rip Van Winkle.As far as I'm concerned, I think we'd better read both selectively and extensively.Thus, we can not only become a knowledgeable person in our own field, but also become a well-informed and qualified modern man.How I Finance My College Education
1.The past decade has witnessed a new tuition and fee policy for college students.Then how to finance their college education is becoming a big concern to students and the society.To this problem, there are three possible approaches.Most students will ask their parents to pay the tuition fee, and the parents also take it for granted that they have such a responsibility to pay for their children's education.Another approach is that student can apply for the low-interest loans from the bank.In this way they can relieve the parents' financial burden and foster their independence as well.In addition to the above, taking part-time jobs is also a common way for a college student to get money to pay part of his tuition and fees.As far as I am concerned, I'd prefer the second way — borrow some money from the bank.On the one hand, my parents and I can be free from financial problem for years.On the other hand, it can also help me make full use of the time to study at ease, and the thought of loan will also stimulate me to study harder to seek a good future later.2.As I enter the college, my life is completely changed.I have to cope with many problems on my own.The source of four-year tuition is one of them.How can students get this sum of money?
The help from our parents is a traditional way.In China, entering college is such a proud thing for most families that some of them began to accumulate the money from the time when we were children.But for some poor ones, especially some in the countryside, the cost of four-year education is still a big problem.Nowadays, things are different.More and more students want to be independent from their parents by doing part-time jobs to pay their college education, which really can lessen the burden of the family to some extent.In addition, students who are engaged in part-time jobs can learn about outside world and get experiences and tips on how to get along well with others.In their views, it pays to take part in part-time jobs.As for me, the best way is to loan from the bank.This does not only solve the problem of tuition and fee but also improve my study because the bank offers students money according to their GPA(Grade Point Average).Is a Test of Spoken English Necessary?
1.A test of spoken English will be included as an optional component of the College English Test(CET).We have all taken various English tests, but so far most of them are written ones.Have you any idea of what a spoken English test will be like, and is it necessary to take all the trouble to hold such a test?People differ in their answers.Many people think it necessary to take a test of spoken English.They know that although they have taken dozens, even hundreds of English tests ever since they started learning it and many even have got surprisingly high marks, few of them can express themselves freely in spoken English.And if people can't speak a word of it, what's the sense of learning it and what do those high marks mean? They're none but deaf and mute before the native speakers.Further more, with so many college graduates and undergraduates having passed CET-4 and CET-6, a test of spoken English is an effective way to distinguish the excellent from the ordinary.Finally, it is considered a new challenge to those who “live and learn”.However, other people think otherwise.They believe there is the uncertainty about the reliability and objectivity of a test of spoken English, which may depend chiefly on human(and thus subjective)scoring instead of on machine scoring, as in the case of a standardized objective test such as CET-4 and CET-6.At the prospect of this optional test, I feel encouraged and view it as a welcome challenge and another opportunity to improve my language ability and career potentials.I am determined to practice my oral English more often, and if I am qualified for such a test, I will not hesitate a moment to take it.2.A test of spoken English will be included as an optional component of the College English Test.Since the optional component is new to many people.It is natural that people have different opinions on it.Some people believe it is necessary to administer a spoken test of CET.In their opinion, only when they express themselves well in spoken and written English can they say they have a good command of English.For years of learning English only produce some English readers.Many people call this as “deaf-and-dumb English”.Thus, it is of great significance to adopt the new approach to assess students' ability in spoken English.However, there are also others who believe a test of spoken English is unnecessary.They think that a written test for non-English-major students is sufficient.Besides, they don't think examiners in various places can meet the criteria of consistency and reliability of a norm test.Moreover, they think, confronted with such a large number of examinees, it is tough to have such a time-consuming test.As for me, I'd like to thank the CET committee to create such an opportunity to test my spoken English.I have made up my mind to spend more time practicing my oral English, and if I am fully prepared,I'll apply for the test without hesitation.How to Succeed in a Job Interview?
1.Nowadays, the interview has become indispensable in seeking a job.Its success will determine whether or not you will get the job you applied.Then how to succeed in a job interview?
There are many factors involved.According to psychologists, it depends more on the first impression you leave which is half a battle: how you look, how you sound and what you say are of great importance.In the first place, how you look makes up 55% of a first impression.This includes facial expressions, body language, and eye contact, as well as clothing and general appearance.Among those, clothing is the most important to show your respect to the interviewer and to leave the interviewer a good impression in the end.In the second place, how you sound makes up 38% of the first impression.This includes how fast or slowly, loudly or softly you speak.So make sure that you sound friendly, interested, confident and happy in answering any inquires in the interview.Finally, what you say counts for only 7% of the message.Therefore, attach more importance to your appearance and expressions rather than your words.To conclude, no one can escape from the interview.Remember the above points, and you will succeed in the interview.2.Nowadays, when people want to find a job, they always have to take a job interview.After the interview both the interviewer and the interviewee can make the final decision.So a job interview has become more and more important in our society.Interview has the advantage of being the most natural situation.It is easier to build up a relationship with the interviewee, and he will feel at ease and will answer questions more fully and more naturally.In this way the interviewer is likely to find out a great deal about the interviewee.Particularly, he will be in a good position to find out whether or not he will want the interviewee to work with him.On the other hand, there are disadvantages as well.The interviewer may be so strongly affected by his own feelings that he will be unable to judge a person by a proper standard.His feelings may drive him to make the final decision.It is not necessary for us to feel bad if we have failed in an interview, because it is only a matter of choice, instead of right or wrong.If we want to succeed in a job interview, we have to remember the following factors.Firstly, we should pay more attention to our appearance.We should dress more formally, which is a kind of respect for the interviewer.Secondly, we should talk in a proper way, with good manners and confidence.Thirdly, we should try our best to show our abilities as much as possible.If we can bear those factors in mind, we are more likely to succeed
Fast Food
1.In present-day China, we can find two types of fast food: western and Chinese.However, not until the recent decade has western fast food become popular in China.Before the first hamburger walked its way into the Chinese food market, we had little idea about such terms as hot dog, pizza, potato chips, let alone Kentucky and McDonald’s.It is the reform and opening-up policy: that has brought about the interflow of the food culture between China and the Western countries.Fast food, both Chinese and western, has several advantages.In the first place, fast food, as is characterized by its name, is fast.The food is always ready and fresh, waiting for its customers.This saves people's precious time, and consequently goes well with the tempo of life in modern society.Secondly, it is very convenient.As we know, fast food restaurants are much the same as cafeterias.Customers may feel tree to help them to any variety provided and eat to
their hearts' content.Thirdly, fast food restaurants are environmentally comfortable.Clean dishes, shiny tables, decent service and light music all stimulate people's appetite to eat more.The above-mentioned advantages make fast food become rooted in almost all parts of the country and enjoy popularity among people.That's also why nowadays Singapore fast food, Turkish fast food and Indian-Pakistan fast food have found their homes in China.As every coin has two sides, fast food also has its disadvantages such as lack of nutrition, dull taste.Never the less, these are minor points compared with its advantages.Since most people agree with fast food, it tends to grow more rapidly.My Opinion on Television
1.In my opinion, television has as many advantages as disadvantages.Nowadays, it is the most important source of information, it keeps us informed about what is happening in every corner of the world, for instance about political or cultural events, wars and so on.Also it is a very popular form of spending free time, because it provides good entertainment of every kind, for example thanks to television we can watch great movies, shows, cartoons and listen to our favorite music.It also has educational possibilities, because it shows many documentaries, science programmers and even courses.And there is one more advantage.Television is very cheap(when you have a TV set…)and nowadays it is one of the most important values.On the other hand, television has a lot of disadvantages.For example, it stops people from talking, communicating their feelings and exchanging impressions.Because of that, strong relationships in the family are weakening.Also, television is like a drug – it can shatter our health, because we do not go out, jog, or do exercise – we prefer to sit and flip through the channels.When we watch TV, we do not do other, most valuable things.But the biggest disadvantage is the negative influence which television has on children.Kids are exposed to silly cartoons and violent movies – they rarely watch educational program.In conclusion, is television a good or bad invention? In my opinion it depends on us, viewers.We can choose from a big number of programs.But I will not have a TV set in my future house.My View on Examinations.In most schools and colleges the examination is used as a chief means of deciding whether a student succeeds or fails in mastering a particular subject.Although it does the job quite efficiently，its side effects are also enormous.The most undesirable effect is that examinations encourage bad study habits.As the examination score is the only criterion for his academic performance，a student is driven to memorize mechanically rather than to think creatively.Examinations do not motivate a student to seek more knowledge，but to restrict his reading； they do not enable him to study consistently throughout the semester，but to induce cramming during exam week.Examinations also lower the standards of teaching.Since teachers themselves are often judged by examination results，they are often judged by examination results，they are reduced to training their students in exam techniques.And no subjects can be taught successfully merely through being approached with intent to take examinations.Actually，few of us admit that examinations can contribute anything really important to the students' academic development.If that's the case，why can't we make a change and devise something more efficient and reliable than examinations？
Is Failure a Bad Thing
Everyone wishes to succeed.Nobody hopes to fail.Can we succeed in everything we do all the time？No，of course not.Whatever we do，the result is either success or failure.So，failure is a common occurrence in our daily life.Different people have different attitudes towards failure.Some people think that failure is a bad thing.If they have one or two failures in doing a thing，they become sad and begin to lose heart.Others，however，never give in even when they fail and they learn lessons from it.Then try their best again and again until they succeed.As for me，I like success but，at the same time，I don't mind failure because it is not always a bad thing.“Failure is the mother of success，” I am sure.Failure is not a stranger to life.It can happen anywhere, anytime and to anyone.No person succeeds all the time.The more development you want to make, the more failure you might encounter.So, people are faced with failure now and then.Failure is a common thing in our daily life.For example, as a student, we may get a very low score in our compositions.It may happen that we cannot pass our examinations.All these failures occur so naturally that almost every one of us has had such an experience.However, there are different attitudes towards failures.Some students lose heart in the face of a failure, thinking that the world is coming to its end.Other students don’t take a failure seriously and just let it be, while some others learn much from a failure and thus see the light of hope through failure.In my opinion, what really counts is not failure itself, but what we think of failure and how we respond to a failure.As long as we learn something from a failure, we’ll certainly make our mark in the end.Consequently, I’m not afraid of failure, for I believe that failure is the mother of success.
第三篇：工商管理学位英语复习资料[模版]
1、All _____is a continuous supply of the basic necessities of life.D.that is needed 2.Christopher Columbus was believed __the American continent.C.to have discovered
3、Children who are over-protected by their parents may become_____ C.spoiled 4.Do you think she has any ____ to refuse John's invitation? A.reason
5、Depending on____, Mary led us through an unknown part of the forest.A.intuition
6、Excuse me, sir.I've lost my watch.Do you have ___ time?A.the 7.Either you or I ___ wrong on this matter.C.am
8.His parents _____, the orphan is now taken care of by her uncle.D.having died 9.He is the boy __I think scored the winning points for the basketball team.D.who
10.He had difficulties making himself understood,but we didn't _impatience.C.show any sign of
11、He used to have a ____of stamp-collection, but he has given it up.B.hobby
12、He just couldn't ___what in the world she had been talking about all the time.A.figure out
13、He is one of the students who____ always on time.B.are
14、He must have had an accident, or he ______ then.A.would have been here
15、His _____ handwriting resulted from haste and carelessness rather than from the inability to form the letters correctly.A.unreadable
16、It was essential that the application forms __back before the deadline.C.be sent
17、In spite of your living so far away, we both hope very much ____.B.that you come
18、I'd like to __the lessons once more before we take the exam tomorrow.B.go over
19、It has been a long time _____I saw you last time.A.since
20、I know you're planning to travel this summer, but do you know_____?D.how much it will cost
21、I didn't ask him, but he ___ to help me with my homework.B.offered
22、It wasn't such a good dinner ______ she had promised us.C.as
23、It was difficult to guess what her ____ to the news would be.B.reaction
24、In spite of your living so far away,we both hope very much ___.B.that you come
25、It is because he is too young __he does not understand what has happened.A.that
26、My camera can be ___to take pictures in cloudy or sunny conditions.B.adjusted
27、Many new__will be opened up in the future for those with a university education.A.opportunities
28、Many people watch TV only to ___time.C.kill
29、My friend was full of __for the way in which I had so quickly learned to drive a car.C.admiration 30、Neither Larry's father nor his mother _____at home.C.was
31、Please listen to me.It's inappropriate for you to persist in ___ this.C.doing
32、Since your supervisor has _____ the time for a talk, you must make sure that you will be there on time.B.specified
33、She talked to him for a long time and ___him from doing that dangerous job.B.dissuaded
34、___ student with a little common sense should be able to answer the question.B.Any 35.____ send your motorcycle to be repaired? You'd better not drive it any more.B.Why not
36、She never laughed, ______ lose her temper B.nor did she ever
37、Since your supervisor has _____ the time for a talk, you must make sure that you will be there on time.B.specified
38、Some old people don't like pop songs because they can't __ so much noise.C.tolerate
39、The hunter ______ on his back with his eyes half closed.C.lay 40、The rain was heavy and _______ the land was flooded.A.consequently
41、The manager promised to keep me ___ of how our business was going on.C.informed
42、The leaves are ____ down to the ground when autumn comes.D.falling
43、__to the moon some day,I should see the surface of the moon with my own eyes.B.Were I to go
44、There were no tickets _____ for Friday's performance.D.available
45、Two old friends meet ____chance in the street.A.by
46、They decided to chase the cow away ______ it did more damage.C.before
47、The manufacturers __carried out one of the Chairman's proposals,but they didn't.C.ought to have 48.The news you told me the other day has yet to be___.D.confirmed
49.They are believed ____ in their experiment.A.to have already succeeded 50、The little girl woke up screaming because she had had a_____.B.nightmare
51、The manager ___that the new employees go through professional training before they started working.B.insisted
52、The textile industry _____ greatly to the economy of Hong Kong.C.contributes
53、The bridge was named _ the hero who gave his life for the cause of the people.A.after 54.Two old friends meet ____chance in the street.A.by
55.The manufacturers _____carried out one of the Chairman's proposals, but they didn't.C.ought to have 56.The police officer happened _____ the traffic when the accident happened.C.to be directing 57.The old lady felt very ____when her daughter forgot her birthday.D.disappointed
58.The little girl, who got home very late, was greatly relieved when she found out she had been___.C.spared
59、The manager promised to keep me __ of how our business was going on.C.informed 60、The famous Yong Le Bell is three times_____.A.as tall as a man 61、What time does my flight leave ____Tuesday? D.on 62、______ with the size of the whole earth , the highest mountain does not seem high at all.A.When compared 63、Would you please help me to ____up the present for the old gentleman? A.wrap 64.We think it is wise ____him not to accept their offer.B.of
65、We ______ our breakfast when an old man came to the door.D.had just had 66、When Mr.Jones gets old, he will______ over his business to his son.B.hand 67、What are you doing? I'm _____the bedroom for my wallet.C.searching 68、You ought not to ____ him the news that day.C.have told
69、Your little girl is becoming very rude.You _____scold her.D.ought to 70、You ought not to ____ him the news that day.C.have told
71、You are lucky since you've never ____anything in your life.A.lost
Reading Selectively or Extensively? 1.Once famous English philosopher Francis Bacon said, “Reading makes a full man”, which means that anyone who wants to be a full man must keep on reading.But books are of various kinds and different contents.Then how to read? Some people say that we should read selectively.They believe that it is not how much one reads but what he reads that really counts.Since we have no enough time to read all kinds of books, we should read selectively to achieve a high efficiency, reading only those that are useful to our majors and future works.Only by this way can we make full use of our time, and gain more practical knowledge.However, others claim that reading extensively is a better choice.In their opinions, different books are of different uses.Just like Bacon mentioned, “Histories make men wise；poets witty；the mathematics subtle;natural philosophy deep;moral grave;logic and rhetoric able to content.” Therefore, reading widely is necessary for a full man.In my viewpoint, we should read both selectively and extensively.The two reading ways have their respective roles in our reading.We can read selectively for specialized knowledge, or read widely for general information.There fore, the combination of the two methods is more reasonable.2.As the source of knowledge, books play an important role in our life.They not only make a full man, but also promote the development of society.However, among so many books in the world, should we read selectively or extensively? Some people hold that we should read selectively.To begin with, life is limited, and it is impossible for us to read all kinds of books.Second, not all the books can benefit us.Some kinds of books, such as cartoon books, popular novels and magazines only can entertain us and make us feel relaxed in our spare time.Third, everyone has special interest, so while reading we could select different books according to our personal interests.However, some believe otherwise.They maintain that in modern society, people are supposed to have more knowledge than their ancestors to cope with tougher problems.Besides, the society is developing faster and faster, if we confine our knowledge only to our major or our study field, we couldn't keep up with the changes around us.Even we may feel puzzled about what is happening in this modern world.So some people suggest we read extensively so as to get much more knowledge and not to become a person like Rip Van Winkle.As far as I'm concerned, I think we'd better read both selectively and extensively.Thus, we can not only become a knowledgeable person in our own field, but also become a well-informed and qualified modern man.How I Finance My College Education 1.The past decade has witnessed a new tuition and fee policy for college students.Then how to finance their college education is becoming a big concern to students and the society.To this problem, there are three possible approaches.Most students will ask their parents to pay the tuition fee, and the parents also take it for granted that they have such a responsibility to pay for their children's education.Another approach is that student can apply for the low-interest loans from the bank.In this way they can relieve the parents' financial burden and foster their independence as well.In addition to the above, taking part-time jobs is also a common way for a college student to get money to pay part of his tuition and fees.As far as I am concerned, I'd prefer the second way — borrow some money from the bank.On the one hand, my parents and I can be free from financial problem for years.On the other hand, it can also help me make full use of the time to study at ease, and the thought of loan will also stimulate me to study harder to seek a good future later.2.As I enter the college, my life is completely changed.I have to cope with many problems on my own.The source of four-year tuition is one of them.How can students get this sum of money? The help from our parents is a traditional way.In China, entering college is such a proud thing for most families that some of them began to accumulate the money from the time when we were children.But for some poor ones, especially some in the countryside, the cost of four-year education is still a big problem.Nowadays, things are different.More and more students want to be independent from their parents by doing part-time jobs to pay their college education, which really can lessen the burden of the family to some extent.In addition, students who are engaged in part-time jobs can learn about outside world and get experiences and tips on how to get along well with others.In their views, it pays to take part in part-time jobs.As for me, the best way is to loan from the bank.This does not only solve the problem of tuition and fee but also improve my study because the bank offers students money according to their GPA(Grade Point Average).Is a Test of Spoken English Necessary? 1.A test of spoken English will be included as an optional component of the College English Test(CET).We have all taken various English tests, but so far most of them are written ones.Have you any idea of what a spoken English test will be like, and is it necessary to take all the trouble to hold such a test? People differ in their answers.Many people think it necessary to take a test of spoken English.They know that although they have taken dozens, even hundreds of English tests ever since they started learning it and many even have got surprisingly high marks, few of them can express themselves freely in spoken English.And if people can't speak a word of it, what's the sense of learning it and what do those high marks mean? They're none but deaf and mute before the native speakers.Further more, with so many college graduates and undergraduates having passed CET-4 and CET-6, a test of spoken English is an effective way to distinguish the excellent from the ordinary.Finally, it is considered a new challenge to those who “live and learn”.However, other people think otherwise.They believe there is the uncertainty about the reliability and objectivity of a test of spoken English, which may depend chiefly on human(and thus subjective)scoring instead of on machine scoring, as in the case of a standardized objective test such as CET-4 and CET-6.At the prospect of this optional test, I feel encouraged and view it as a welcome challenge and another opportunity to improve my language ability and career potentials.I am determined to practice my oral English more often, and if I am qualified for such a test, I will not hesitate a moment to take it.2.A test of spoken English will be included as an optional component of the College English Test.Since the optional component is new to many people.It is natural that people have different opinions on it.Some people believe it is necessary to administer a spoken test of CET.In their opinion, only when they express themselves well in spoken and written English can they say they have a good command of English.For years of learning English only produce some English readers.Many people call this as “deaf-and-dumb English”.Thus, it is of great significance to adopt the new approach to assess students' ability in spoken English.However, there are also others who believe a test of spoken English is unnecessary.They think that a written test for non-English-major students is sufficient.Besides, they don't think examiners in various places can meet the criteria of consistency and reliability of a norm test.Moreover, they think, confronted with such a large number of examinees, it is tough to have such a time-consuming test.As for me, I'd like to thank the CET committee to create such an opportunity to test my spoken English.I have made up my mind to spend more time practicing my oral English, and if I am fully prepared, I'll apply for the test without hesitation.How to Succeed in a Job Interview? 1.Nowadays, the interview has become indispensable in seeking a job.Its success will determine whether or not you will get the job you applied.Then how to succeed in a job interview?
There are many factors involved.According to psychologists, it depends more on the first impression you leave which is half a battle: how you look, how you sound and what you say are of great importance.In the first place, how you look makes up 55% of a first impression.This includes facial expressions, body language, and eye contact, as well as clothing and general appearance.Among those, clothing is the most important to show your respect to the interviewer and to leave the interviewer a good impression in the end.In the second place, how you sound makes up 38% of the first impression.This includes how fast or slowly, loudly or softly you speak.So make sure that you sound friendly, interested, confident and happy in answering any inquires in the interview.Finally, what you say counts for only 7% of the message.Therefore, attach more importance to your appearance and expressions rather than your words.To conclude, no one can escape from the interview.Remember the above points, and you will succeed in the interview.2.Nowadays, when people want to find a job, they always have to take a job interview.After the interview both the interviewer and the interviewee can make the final decision.So a job interview has become more and more important in our society.Interview has the advantage of being the most natural situation.It is easier to build up a relationship with the interviewee, and he will feel at ease and will answer questions more fully and more naturally.In this way the interviewer is likely to find out a great deal about the interviewee.Particularly, he will be in a good position to find out whether or not he will want the interviewee to work with him.On the other hand, there are disadvantages as well.The interviewer may be so strongly affected by his own feelings that he will be unable to judge a person by a proper standard.His feelings may drive him to make the final decision.It is not necessary for us to feel bad if we have failed in an interview, because it is only a matter of choice, instead of right or wrong.If we want to succeed in a job interview, we have to remember the following factors.Firstly, we should pay more attention to our appearance.We should dress more formally, which is a kind of respect for the interviewer.Secondly, we should talk in a proper way, with good manners and confidence.Thirdly, we should try our best to show our abilities as much as possible.If we can bear those factors in mind, we are more likely to succeed
Fast Food 1.In present-day China, we can find two types of fast food: western and Chinese.However, not until the recent decade has western fast food become popular in China.Before the first hamburger walked its way into the Chinese food market, we had little idea about such terms as hot dog, pizza, potato chips, let alone Kentucky and McDonald’s.It is the reform and opening-up policy: that has brought about the interflow of the food culture between China and the Western countries.Fast food, both Chinese and western, has several advantages.In the first place, fast food, as is characterized by its name, is fast.The food is always ready and fresh, waiting for its customers.This saves people's precious time, and consequently goes well with the tempo of life in modern society.Secondly, it is very convenient.As we know, fast food restaurants are much the same as cafeterias.Customers may feel tree to help them to any variety provided and eat to their hearts' content.Thirdly, fast food restaurants are environmentally comfortable.Clean dishes, shiny tables, decent service and light music all stimulate people's appetite to eat more.The above-mentioned advantages make fast food become rooted in almost all parts of the country and enjoy popularity among people.That's also why nowadays Singapore fast food, Turkish fast food and Indian-Pakistan fast food have found their homes in China.As every coin has two sides, fast food also has its disadvantages such as lack of nutrition, dull taste.Never the less, these are minor points compared with its advantages.Since most people agree with fast food, it tends to grow more rapidly.My Opinion on Television 1.In my opinion, television has as many advantages as disadvantages.Nowadays, it is the most important source of information, it keeps us informed about what is happening in every corner of the world, for instance about political or cultural events, wars and so on.Also it is a very popular form of spending free time, because it provides good entertainment of every kind, for example thanks to television we can watch great movies, shows, cartoons and listen to our favorite music.It also has educational possibilities, because it shows many documentaries, science programmers and even courses.And there is one more advantage.Television is very cheap(when you have a TV set…)and nowadays it is one of the most important values.On the other hand, television has a lot of disadvantages.For example, it stops people from talking, communicating their feelings and exchanging impressions.Because of that, strong relationships in the family are weakening.Also, television is like a drug – it can shatter our health, because we do not go out, jog, or do exercise – we prefer to sit and flip through the channels.When we watch TV, we do not do other, most valuable things.But the biggest disadvantage is the negative influence which television has on children.Kids are exposed to silly cartoons and violent movies – they rarely watch educational program.In conclusion, is television a good or bad invention? In my opinion it depends on us, viewers.We can choose from a big number of programs.But I will not have a TV set in my future house.My View on Examinations.In most schools and colleges the examination is used as a chief means of deciding whether a student succeeds or fails in mastering a particular subject.Although it does the job quite efficiently，its side effects are also enormous.The most undesirable effect is that examinations encourage bad study habits.As the examination score is the only criterion for his academic performance，a student is driven to memorize mechanically rather than to think creatively.Examinations do not motivate a student to seek more knowledge，but to restrict his reading； they do not enable him to study consistently throughout the semester，but to induce cramming during exam week.Examinations also lower the standards of teaching.Since teachers themselves are often judged by examination results，they are often judged by examination results，they are reduced to training their students in exam techniques.And no subjects can be taught successfully merely through being approached with intent to take examinations.Actually，few of us admit that examinations can contribute anything really important to the students' academic development.If that's the case，why can't we make a change and devise something more efficient and reliable than examinations？
Is Failure a Bad Thing Everyone wishes to succeed.Nobody hopes to fail.Can we succeed in everything we do all the time？No，of course not.Whatever we do，the result is either success or failure.So，failure is a common occurrence in our daily life.Different people have different attitudes towards failure.Some people think that failure is a bad thing.If they have one or two failures in doing a thing，they become sad and begin to lose heart.Others，however，never give in even when they fail and they learn lessons from it.Then try their best again and again until they succeed.As for me，I like success but，at the same time，I don't mind failure because it is not always a bad thing.“Failure is the mother of success，” I am sure.Failure is not a stranger to life.It can happen anywhere, anytime and to anyone.No person succeeds all the time.The more development you want to make, the more failure you might encounter.So, people are faced with failure now and then.Failure is a common thing in our daily life.For example, as a student, we may get a very low score in our compositions.It may happen that we cannot pass our examinations.All these failures occur so naturally that almost every one of us has had such an experience.However, there are different attitudes towards failures.Some students lose heart in the face of a failure, thinking that the world is coming to its end.Other students don’t take a failure seriously and just let it be, while some others learn much from a failure and thus see the light of hope through failure.In my opinion, what really counts is not failure itself, but what we think of failure and how we respond to a failure.As long as we learn something from a failure, we’ll certainly make our mark in the end.Consequently, I’m not afraid of failure, for I believe that failure is the mother of success.
第四篇：2016 中央电大 学位英语 题库 词汇
Directions: Each of the following sentences isprovided with four choices.Choose the one that best completes the sentence.Then mark your answer by blackening the letter of your choice on the AnswerSheet.1.This watch is _______ by hand, not by machine, soit is very expensive.A.bought
B.coined
C.purchased
D.manufactured
2.These two horses look so much alike that we can not_______ one from the other.A.differ
B.recognize
C.distinguish
D.defeat 3.The president of that company was very calm duringthe political _______.A.failure
B.fashion
C.process
D.crisis 4._______ is usually the chief enemy of thecamera lens.A.Occasion
B.Vain
C.Moisture
D.Deck 5.The _______ left the ship after sixty hours of hardstruggle.A.dash
B.cell
C.crew
D.gay 6.On our way to Beijing, we visited Xi‟an, a city oftwo million _______, and stayed there for two days.A.insects
B.human
C.inhabitants
D.flights 7.One of the main reasons for air pollution is thatmany cars _______ smoke into the atmosphere.A.gather
B.hire
C.discharge
D.escape 8.Don‟t forget to _______ to let us know you arrivedsafely.A.cable
B.cage
C.border
D.bay 9.She gave him a _______ that she could not come tohis party.A.signal
B.call
C.clue
D.hint 10.When the temperature is below zero, water will_______.A.freeze
B.freezing
C.sink
D.seek 参考答案及解析： Section A 1.D
[注释]
buy v.买
coin v.铸币；创造
purchase v.购买
manufacture v.制造；加工
[句意] 这个手表是手工制造的，不是机器制造的，所以很昂贵。2.C
[注释]
differ v.使不同
recognize v.认出
distinguish v.区别
defeat v.击败；战胜 [句意] 这两匹马看起来这么像以至于我都无法区分了。3.D
[注释]
failure n.失败
fashion n.时尚
process n.过程
crisis n.危机 [句意] 在政治危机期间，这个公司的董事长非常镇定。4.C
[注释]
occasion n.情况
vain adj.徒劳
moisture n.湿度
deck n.装饰 [句意] 湿度通常是摄像机镜头的主要敌人。5.C
[注释]
dash v.猛击；冲撞
cell n.细胞
crew n.全体船员
gay n.同性恋者 [句意] 在60个小时的努力挣扎后，全体船员离开了船。6.C
[注释]
insect n.昆虫；卑鄙的人
human n.人类 inhabitant n.居民；居住者
flight v.迁徙
[句意] 在我们去北京的路上，我们参观了西安，一个两百万居民的城市，并在那呆了两天。7.C
[注释]
gathers v.聚集
hire v.雇佣
discharge v.排放
escape v.逃跑
[句意] 空气污染的主要原因之一是许多汽车向空气排放那个烟雾。8.A
[注释]
cable v.打电报
cage v.把关进笼子
border n.边界；国界
bay n.海湾。[句意] 不要忘记打电报告诉我们,你们已经安全到达了。9.D
[注释]
signal n.信号
call n.电话；摄影
clue n.线索
hint n.暗示；线索 [句意] 她给了他一个暗示，她不能来他的宴会了。10.A
[注释]
freeze v.冻结；结冰
freezing adj.冰冻的sink n.下沉；消沉
seek v.寻找 [句意] 当温度到零度以下时，水就会结冰。
Directions: Each of the following sentences isprovided with four choices.Choose the one that best completes the sentence.Then mark your answer by blackening the letter of your choice on the AnswerSheet.11.He felt _______ ofwhat he had done in school.A.shy
B.ash
C.advisable
D.ashamed
12.Milk, butter andcheese are _______ here from the farms.A.imported
B.transferred
C.transformed
D.transported
13.I never realizedthat someday I would be married to a _______.A.molecule
B.oxygen
C.genius
D.rug 14.We all _______your coming to help us.A.appropriate
B.appreciate
C.admit
D.affect
15.What they are_______ about is which comes first: the chicken or the egg?
A.summing
B.striking
C.stirring
D.arguing 16.I certainly didn‟tintend to _______ your plans.A.upset
B.shake
C.shave
D.drag 17.If you want a pen,look inside the _______ of the desk.A.box
B.drawer
C.major
D.melt 18.Under no _______will I go there again.A.circumstances
B.situation
C.giant
D.happen 19.This supermarketdeveloped rapidly under his _______.A.administration
B.suggestion
C.approach
D.appearance 20.That is a _______point of view.I don‟t agree with you.A.crystal
B.protein
C.union 参考答案及解析： Section A 11.D
shy adj.害羞的 ash n.灰烬
advisable adj.明智的；可取的 ashamed adj.羞愧的 句意：他为在学校做的事情感到羞愧。12.D
import v.进口
transfer v.使转移；调任
transform v.转换；改变
transport v.运输 句意：牛奶、黄油和芝士是从农场运输到这里的。13.C
molecule n.分子
oxygen n.氧气
genius n.天才；天赋
rug n.小毛毯 句意：我从来没有想过有一天会嫁给一个天才。14.B
appropriate adj.适当的 appreciate v.满意；感激
admit v.承认；允许
affect v.影响 句意：我们都很感激你来帮助我们。15.D
sum v.总结；总计
strike v.撞击；罢工
stir v.搅拌；激起
argue v.讨论 句意：他们讨论的是，先有鸡还是先有蛋？ 16.A
upset v.推翻
shake v.摇晃
shave v.刮脸；修面
drag v.拖累；拖拉。句意：我真的没想推翻你的计划。17.B
box n.盒子
drawer n.抽屉
major n.主修课目
melt v.融化 句意：如果你想要钢笔，看看桌子的抽屉里。18.A
circumstance n.环境；情况
situation n.形势；处境
giant n.巨人
happen v.发生。句意：任何情况下，我都不会再去那里了。19.A
administration n.管理；行政；实施
suggestion n.建议
approach n.方法；途径
appearance n.外贸；外观
句意：超市在他的管理下发展迅速。20.D
crystal n.水晶
protein n.蛋白质
union n.联盟；协会
conservative adj.保守的 句意：这是个保守的观点，我不同意你的看法。
Directions: Each of the following sentences isprovided with four choices.Choose the one that best completes the sentence.Then mark your answer by blackening the letter of your choice on the AnswerSheet.21.What _______ did you watch on television last night? A.wave
B.frequency
C.channel
D.tunnel
22.The Bushmen are _______ hunters even though their weapons are primitive.A.favorite
B.original
C.sufficient
D.expert
23.Before he left the White House, the president made a _______ speech.A.quarrel
B.symbol
C.automobile
D.farewell
24.The local government has begun a _______ in this city to cut down the traffic accidents.A.protest
B.punishment
C.protection
D.project 25.It is highly _______ that he come here tomorrow to join us.A.desirable
B.doubtful
C.good
D.wanted
26.A new idea began to _______ from his mind when he was on his way back home.A.emerge
B.output
C.starve D.tend
27.If you just stay in this city for a few days, we can give you a _______ library card and you can still make use of the books in the city library.A.terminal
B.temporary
C.regular
D.chamber
28.When you buy anything expensive, never forget to ask for the _______ from the shop.A.render
B.trust
C.receipt
D.tale
29.These programs are designed for those young people who want to _______ higher education but do not have enough time to go to university.A.insure
B.purse
C.purchase
D.pursue
30.In order to write his paper, he borrowed a lot of _______ books from the school library.A.implication
B.reference
C.sample
D.saucer 31.Mr.Green said that he did not want to ________ any further responsibilities.A.take on
B.put on
C.get on
D.look up 32.I expected her to ________ her promise.A.carry on
B.carry out
C.carry off
D.carry away
33.Recently he ________ every night until after one o‟clock, preparing for the contest.A.shows up
B.shows off
C.stays in
D.stays up 34.Breakfast is the important ________ of the day.A.food
B.dinner
C.lunch
D.meal
35.The names of the successful candidates will be ________ on the college notice board.A.put up
B.put aside
C.came up
D.coped with 36.That radio company is so big that it has a lot of _______ in foreign countries.A.introducers
B.instructors
C.conductors
D.agents 37.I am afraid it was a _______ for you to do this.A.bother
B.bitter
C.bake
D.band
38.During these ten years, many new methods have been _______ in the field of foreign language teaching.A.adopted
B.adapted
C.alarmed
D.aided 39.That is _______ behavior and nobody likes it.A.traditional
B.good
C.selfish
D.noble
40.Yesterday was such a _______ day we decided to go for a drive.A.glorious
B.bad
C.dynamical
D.active 参考答案及解析： Section A 31.A
take on承担
put on穿、戴上 get on上车、进展
look up向上看，查（字典）句意：格林先生说他不想承担更多的责任。32.B
carry on 继续
carry out 执行
carry off 获得；夺去
carry away 运作；使失去自制力 句意：我希望她能履行她的承诺。33.D
show up揭露，露出，露面
show off炫耀，显耀
stay in在家，不外出
stay up熬夜，不睡觉
句意：为了准备竞赛，近来他每天夜里都熬到凌晨一点。34．D
Food n.食品
dinner n.正餐 lunch n.午餐
meal n.一餐
句意：早餐是一天中的重要的一餐。35．A
put up张贴，悬挂
put aside搁置，置之不理 come up走近，上来
cope with对付，处理 句意：竞选成功者的名单将在校公告栏内张榜公布。36．D
introducer n.介绍人；创始者
instructor n.指导书；指导者conductor n.售票员；管理者
agent n.代理商 句意：这个收音机公司如此大，以至于在外国有许多代理商。37．A
bother n.麻烦；烦恼
bitter n.苦味；啤酒
bake n.烘烤食品
band n.乐队 句意：我恐怕你做这件事会感到烦恼。38．A
adopt v.采取；接受
adapt v.适应 alarm v.警告
aid v.援助；帮助
句意：在这十年间，很多新方法在外语教学领域中被采用。39．C
traditional adj.传统的 good adj.好的 selfish adj.自私的；利己主义的 noble adj.高尚的 句意：这是自私的行为，没有人喜欢。40．A
glorious adj.辉煌的；极好的 bad adj.坏的
dynamical adj.有生气的 active adj.积极的；活跃的 句意：昨天是个好天，我们决定出去兜风。
Directions: Each of the following sentences isprovided with four choices.Choose the one that best completes the sentence.Then mark your answer by blackening the letter of your choice on the AnswerSheet.31.Mr.Green said that he did not want to ________ any further responsibilities.A.take on
B.put on
C.get on
D.look up 32.I expected her to ________ her promise.A.carry on
B.carry out
C.carry off
D.carry away
33.Recently he ________ every night until after one o‟clock, preparing for the contest.A.shows up
B.shows off
C.stays in
D.stays up 34.Breakfast is the important ________ of the day.A.food
B.dinner
C.lunch
D.meal35.The names of the successful candidates will be ________ on the college notice board.A.put up
B.put aside
C.came up
D.coped with 36.That radio company is so big that it has a lot of _______ in foreign countries.A.introducers
B.instructors
C.conductors
D.agents 37.I am afraid it was a _______ for you to do this.A.bother
B.bitter
C.bake
D.band
38.During these ten years, many new methods have been _______ in the field of foreign language teaching.A.adopted
B.adapted
C.alarmed
D.aided 39.That is _______ behavior and nobody likes it.A.traditional
B.good
C.selfish
D.noble
40.Yesterday was such a _______ day we decided to go for a drive.A.glorious
B.bad
C.dynamical
D.active 参考答案及解析： Section A 31.A
take on承担
put on穿、戴上 get on上车、进展
look up向上看，查（字典）句意：格林先生说他不想承担更多的责任。32.B
carry on 继续
carry out 执行
carry off 获得；夺去
carry away 运作；使失去自制力 句意：我希望她能履行她的承诺。33.D
show up揭露，露出，露面
show off炫耀，显耀
stay in在家，不外出
stay up熬夜，不睡觉
句意：为了准备竞赛，近来他每天夜里都熬到凌晨一点。34．D
Food n.食品
dinner n.正餐 lunch n.午餐
meal n.一餐 句意：早餐是一天中的重要的一餐。35．A
put up张贴，悬挂
put aside搁置，置之不理 come up走近，上来
cope with对付，处理 句意：竞选成功者的名单将在校公告栏内张榜公布。36．D
introducer n.介绍人；创始者
instructor n.指导书；指导者conductor n.售票员；管理者
agent n.代理商 句意：这个收音机公司如此大，以至于在外国有许多代理商。37．A
bother n.麻烦；烦恼
bitter n.苦味；啤酒
bake n.烘烤食品
band n.乐队 句意：我恐怕你做这件事会感到烦恼。
38．A
adopt v.采取；接受
adapt v.适应 alarm v.警告
aid v.援助；帮助
句意：在这十年间，很多新方法在外语教学领域中被采用。39．C
traditional adj.传统的 good adj.好的 selfish adj.自私的；利己主义的 noble adj.高尚的 句意：这是自私的行为，没有人喜欢。40．A
glorious adj.辉煌的；极好的 bad adj.坏的
dynamical adj.有生气的 active adj.积极的；活跃的 句意：昨天是个好天，我们决定出去兜风。
41.You had better ________ that fellow.I don't trust her.A.look down upon
B.keep an eye on C.get the better of
D.do away with
42.This will improve their working conditions and enable them to double the ________.A.goods
B.quantity
C.output
D.product
43.The workers _________ the glasses and marked on each box “this side up”.A.carried
B.delivered
C.pressed
D.packed 44.When heated, water changes into _______.A.solid
B.vapour
C.liquid
D.air
45.What she achieved in her research might _______ what she had been expecting.A.exceed
B.exclaim
C.excess
D.extend
46.It is _______ to anyone here that the department chairman has refused to support the new project.A.factor
B.false
C.evident
D.elastic 47.He _______ his father in appearance but not in height.A.repeats
B.looks
C.resembles
D.likes
48.Both O.J.Simpson and Jim Brown have been ______ as the greatest
players in the history of football.A.ranked
B.recorded
C.stocked
D.stripped
49.The airplane took off soon.It was like being on an old train ______ from side to side and going faster and faster.A.surrounding
B.foregoing
C.swaying
D.frowning 50.This is a poem about _______ life in the American West.A.bay
B.chamber
C.frank
D.dozen 参考答案及解析： Section A 41．B
look down upon 轻视，看不起
keep all eye on留心，在意
get the better of 打败，战胜
do away with 废除，弄死 句意：你最好留心那个家伙，我不信任她。42．B
A、Goods，货物，不符合句意；根据上下文意思，用C和D的单数形式不符合要求，因此选B。
句意：这将会改善他们的工作环境，从而使产量翻倍提高。43．D
carry v.搬运
deliver v.递送
press v.按；压
pack v.打包
句意：工人们把玻璃杯包装好并且在每个盒子上标上“此面朝上”。44．B
vapour n.蒸汽；水蒸气
solid n.固体 liquid n.液体
air n.空气。句意：当加热的时候，水就变成了水蒸气。
45．A
exceed v.超过；胜过
exclaim v.大声说出
excess adj.过量的，额外的 extend v.延伸„扩大。句意：她从调查中获得的，也许超过她期待的。46．C
evident adj.明显的；明白的 factor n.因素
false adj.错误的；虚伪的 elastic adj.有弹性的；灵活的。
句意：这里的每个人都清楚，系主任已经拒绝支持这个新项目。47.C
resemble v.类似；像
repeat v.重复
look v.看
like v.好像 句意：他在外貌上像他的爸爸，而不是体重。48.A
rank v.排列；列为
record v.记录 stock v.进货；备有
strip v.剥夺
句意：O.J.Simpson和 TOM 都被列为史上最伟大的足球运动员。49.C
sway v.摇晃
surrounding adj.周围的 附近的 foregoing adj.前面的 frown v.皱眉头。
句意：飞机不久就起飞了，就像是一列老火车左右摇晃而且越来越快。50.A
bay n.海湾
chamber n.房间；会所
frank adj.坦白的；直率的 dozen adj.一打的 句意：这是关于美国西部海湾生活的诗歌。
51.The production ________ of the factory is now 800 000 units.A.ability
B.power
C.capacity
D.possibility
52.The doctor is skilled at treating heart trouble and never accepts any gift from his patients, so he has a very good ____.A.expectation
B.reputation
C.contribution
D.civilization 53.These pictures ________ to his mind his previous days in China.A.brought up
B.brought back
C.brought about
D.brought forth
54.Thousands of foreigners were ______ to the Shanghai World Expo the day it opened.A.attended
B.attained
C.attracted
D.attached 55.We all _______ your coming to attend our wedding party.A.appropriate
B.appreciate
C.admit
D.affect
56.What they are _______ about is which is more important: money or time? A.summing
B.striking
C.stirring
D.arguing
57.Would you give me a _______ library card for I just stay in this city for a few days.A.temporary
B.terminal
C.regular
D.chamber
58.Never forget to ask for the _______ from the shop when you buy anything.A.render
B.trust
C.receipt
D.tale
59.These programs are designed for those young people who want to _______ higher education.A.insure
B.pursue
C.purchase
D.purse
60.In order to do a good performance in the examination, he borrowed a lot of _______ books from the school library.A.implication
B.reference
C.sample
D.saucer 参考答案及解析： Section A 51.C
ability强调“人的能力”，power侧重于指“力量，权力”，capacity可指“生产能力”或“人的才能”，possibility意为“可能性”。句意：现在这家工厂的生产能力是800 000个部件。52.B
expectation n.期望
contribution n.贡献 civilization n.文明
reputation n.声誉
句意：这位医生擅长治疗心脏病，而且从来不接受病人的任何礼物，因此他享有很高的声誉。53.B
bring up教育、培养
bring back使回忆起 bring about带来、造成 bring forth使产生 句意：这些照片使他回忆起以前在中国的日子。54.C
Attend v.参加
attain v.达到，获得 attract v.吸引
attach v.附上，系上
句意：上海世博会开幕当天，成千上万的外国人被吸引而来。55.B
appreciate v.满意；感激
appropriate adj.适当的 admit v.承认；允许
affect v.影响。句意：我们都很感激你来参加我们的结婚典礼。56.D
sum v.总结；总计
stir v.搅拌；激起 strike v.撞击；罢工
argue v.讨论
句意：他们讨论的是关于哪个更重要，金钱还是时间？ 57.A
temporary adj.临时的；暂时的 terminal n.终点站
regular adj.规律的 chamber n.房间；会所 句意：您能给我一张临时的图书证吗? 因为我只在城里呆几天。58.C
render v.提出；实施
trust v.相信
receipt n.收据
tale n.故事；传说
句意：买任何东西都不要忘了向商店索要发票。59.B
insure v.保证
pursue v.追求 purchase v.购买
purse n.钱包
句意：这个项目是为那些想追求更高教育的年轻人而设计的。60.B
implication n.含义；暗示
reference n.参考书 sample n.样本
saucer n.茶托。句意：为了在考试中有好的成绩，他从学校图书馆借了很多参考书。61.Mr.Brown is looking for his glasses.He thinks he_____ them behind in the office yesterday.A.forgot
B.put
C.left
D.set
62.If you don't _______ smoking you will never get better.A.give off
B.give up
C.give in
D.give out
63.Ships are ________ than planes that people take them mainly for pleasure.A.very much slower
B.so much slower C.too much slower
D.much more slower
64.Our English teacher insisted that we spend more time on ________ reading.A.worth
B.worthy
C.worthwhile
D.worthless
65.Doctor Green went on with his experiment on human being ________ the debate going on around him.A.for all
B.but for
C.despite of
D.due to
66.Being engaged in the research work, Dr.Yang seldom goes anywhere ________ his office.A.in place of
B.except to
C.in addition to
D.instead of 67.The island is ____ attractive in spring and autumn because of the pleasant weather in both seasons.A.partly
B.merely
C.nearly D.equally
68.Joining the firm as a clerk, he got rapid promotion, and ____ as a manager.A.ended up
B.dropped out
C.came back
D.started off 69.Those who suffer from headache will find that they get ______ from this medicine.A.relief
B.safety
C.defense
D.shelter
70.Mothers holding jobs outside the home should have ____ schedules to make it easier to care for their children.A.heavy
B.smooth
C.flexible
D.complex
参考答案及解析： Section A 61.C
leave behind意为“把……落在后面；遗失”。
句意：布朗先生在找他的眼镜。他以为昨天把它落在办公室了。62.B
give off 释放（蒸汽、光等）
give up停止；放弃 give in让步；屈服
give out分发；散发 句意：如果你不戒烟的话，你的身体总也好不了 63.B
为“so…that”句式。
句意：轮船比飞机慢许多，所以人们乘船主要是为了娱乐。64.C
Worth意为“值……的”，后面经常接动名词的主动形式；worthy意为“值得的”，后面要接of；worthwhile意为“值得做的”，后面直接加名词；worthless意为“不值得的”，与句意恰好相反。
句意：英语老师坚持认为我们应该把更多的时间用在值得读的书上面。65.A
for all意为“尽管、虽然”，与in spite of和despite基本相同；but for意为“若不是……”；despite后面不加介词of；due to意为“因为、由于”。句意：格林博士继续他的克隆人试验，尽管身边的人对此不乏争议。66.B
in place of 代替
except 除……之外 in addition to除……之外
instead of 代替
句意：由于专注于工作，杨博士除了去办公室以外很少去别的地方。67.D
partly adv.部分地
merely adv.仅仅 nearly adv.几乎
equally adv.同样地
句意：由于春、秋的宜人天气，这座小岛在这两个季节都同样有魅力。68.A
end up 结束；以……结束
drop out 退出，退学 come back 回来
start off出发，开始
句意：他入职公司时是个小职员，可是他晋升迅速，最后当了经理。69.A
relief n.缓解
safety n.安全 defense n.防御，防守
shelter n.掩蔽，保护 句意：那些头痛的人会发现这种药物能使头痛缓解。70.C
heavy adj.沉重的 smooth adj.光滑的 flexible adj.灵活的 complex adj.复杂的
句意：在外工作的母亲们应该有灵活的时间，以便更容易照顾孩子们。71.They ________ the work in spite of the extremely difficult conditions.A.carried on
B.carried off
C.carried out
D.carried forward
72.When she heard from the hospital that her grandfather had died, she _________ into tears.A.exploded
B.went
C.looked
D.broke 73.The old lady has ________ two wars and revolutions.A.lived on
B.lived through
C.lived up
D.lived with 74.The two brothers look very much _________.A.alike
B.like
C.likely
D.likewise
75.The students should be ________ for the things that they do.A.responsible
B.popular
C.respectful
D.anxious 76.There will be a(n)________ telecast of football match tonight.A.lively
B.active
C.alive
D.live
77.Since we ________ the opening policy, we started our journey to happiness.A.adopted
B.adjusted
C.adapted
D.attempted
78.People have ________ poverty and now they live happy lives.A.got tired of
B.got up
C.got hold of
D.got rid of 79.I have no ________ on me.Can I pay you tomorrow? A.change
B.cash
C.coin
D.currency
80.________ the flood, the ship would have reached its destination on time.A.In case of
B.Because of
C.In spite of
D.But for 参考答案及解析： Section A 71.A
carry on 继续
carry off 成功应付（困难）局面 carry out 执行；完成 carry forward 推进，使前进 句意：尽管条件极其艰苦，他们依然把工作继续下去。72.D
explode 爆炸；爆发
go into 调查；研究 look into调查
break into突然迸发出
句意：当她从医院听到祖父去世的消息时，她放声大哭起来。73.B
live on 以……为食
live through 经历……；经受住 live up 快乐地过日子
live with 与……同居 句意：这位老太太经历过两次战争与革命。74.A
alike adj.相像的，常在句中作表语
like adj.相似的
likely adj.合适的 likewise adv.同样地
句意：两个兄弟长得非常像。75.A
be responsible for 为……负责
be popular with 受……欢迎 be respectful for 尊重……
be anxious about／for为……
焦虑
句意：学生们应该为他们所做的事情负责。76.D
lively adj.活泼的；逼真的 active adj.积极的 alive adj.活着的 live adj.实况转播 句意：电视现场直播今晚的足球赛。77.A
adopted v.收养，采取
adjusted v.调整，整理 adapted v.使适应
attempted v.试图 句意：自从我们实行了开放政策，我们就踏上了幸福之路。78.D
get tired of 厌倦，厌烦
get up 起床 get hold of 抓住、把握住
get rid of 摆脱；去掉 句意：现在人们已经摆脱了贫困，过上了幸福的生活。79.B
charge n.费用，价位
coin n.硬币 currency n.货币，流通
cash n.现金 句意：我身上没带现金，明天付给你可以吗? 80.D
in case of 万一；假设
because of 因为 in spite of 尽管
but for 要不是 句意：要不是因为洪水，这艘船早已按时到达目的地了。
Section BDirections: Completeeach of the following sentences with proper word derived from the one given inbrackets.Write the word on the Answer Sheet.(5 points)
1.(translate)A person who turns what someone haswritten into another language is called a _____.2.(romance)When I was young, I had _____ ideas ofbecoming a writer.3.(agree)It took several months for the twocompanies to reach an _________.4.(difficulty)I think Japanese grammar is much more__________ to learn than English grammar.5.(practice)This model of typewriter is efficient, economicaland __________.6.(heavy)My husbandused to smoke __________ , but he has given it up.7.(help)The local hotsprings are very __________ for your wounded arm.8.(friend)The localpeople are very __________ in our country.9.(response)Weappreciate working with him，because he has a goodsense of _____．
10.(establish)The__________ of People‟s Republic of China is on October 1st，1949.11.(use)These books are ________ for English learners.12.(act)He is always ________ in the class.13.(comfort)I want to rent a more ________ room.14.(event)That was an _______ year.15.(prepare)We have made good _________ for the exam.16.(attend)The _____ at the lectures on American Literature has dropped off.17.(connection)You must ___ the power before you leave the room.18.(heavy)It began to rain ________as soon as I got home.19.(delight)The mother was ________ to see his daughter.20.(satisfy)Tom‟s success in his career will be a great ________ to his family.Section B 1.translator 2.romantic 3.agreement 4.difficult 5.practical 6.heavily 7.helpful 8.friendly
9.responsibility 10.establishment 11.useful 12.active
13.comfortable 14.eventful 15.preparations 16.attendance 17.connect
18.Heavily 19.delighted 20.satisfaction
Section BDirections: Completeeach of the following sentences with proper word derived from the one given inbrackets.Write the word on the Answer Sheet.(5 points)
21.(inform)Please keep us ________ of any developments.22.(rain)It is a _____ day, isn‟t it?
23.(sing)I wish I will be a ________ one day.24.(importance)It is _____ that the problem is worked out today.25.(announce)The ________ came as no great surprise.26.(believe)It is ________ that you have been 56 years old.You look much younger than that.27.(delight)The father was ________ to see his son.28.(patient)He can‟t be a good teacher because he has no ________ with children.29.(hesitate)I have no _____ in recommending her for the job.30.(accurate)We worried about the _________ of the report.31.(healthy)Give up smoking.Your ________ will improve soon.32.(technique)Both of the twin brothers are capable of doing ________ work at present.33.(harm)These chemicals are ________ to the environment.34.(sincere)The priest was a man of deep _______.35.(accept)Please confirm your ____ of this offer in writing.36.(sleep)She may be ________.37.(luck)Mary is the____ dog who gets the first prize.38.(just)The system is corrupt and _______.39.(discuss)We‟d better postpone the________ next week.40.(decorate)I enjoy the ____ of the new house.Section B 21.informed 22． rainy 23．singer 24．important 25． announcement 26.unbelievable 27.delighted 28.patience 29.hesitation 30.accuracy
31.health 32.technical 33.harmful 34.sincerity 35.acceptance 36.sleepy 37.lucky 38.unjust 39.discussion 40.decoration n.
第五篇：中央电大工商管理专业论文
苏宁电器经营成功的经验探究
08秋工商企业管理XXX
内容摘要：私营经济的健康、可持续发展是当前社会关注的的热点之一。论文以著名的民营企业苏宁集团的成功，阐述只要正确运用政策、抓住机遇、科学管理，私营企业一定会有光明前景，同时也必将为我国的经济发展作出贡献。论文旨在阐明在新时代里，人们要敢于直面挑战，突破旧观念，私营企业也会大有作为。
关键词：苏宁电器企业战略
苏宁电器1990年创立于江苏南京(苏是江苏的简称，宁是南京的简称），是中国3C（家电、电脑、通讯）家电连锁零售企业的领先者，是国家商务部重点培育的“全国15家大型商业企业集团”之一。截至2009年，苏宁电器在中国30个省、直辖市、自治区，300多个城市拥有1000家连锁店，80多个物流配送中心、2000多个售后网点，经营面积500万平米，员工12万名，年销售规模突破1000亿元。品牌价值455.38亿元，蝉联中国商业连锁第一品牌。名列中国上规模民企前三，中国企业500强第54位，入选《福布斯》亚洲企业50强、《福布斯》全球2000大企业中国零售企业第一.苏宁获得如此大的成功，其秘密是什么呢？本文从苏宁电器的组织结构、经营模式、管理策略、政府支持等角度进行了探究。
一、规范的组织机构，是苏宁快速成长的源泉
苏宁电器组织体系的设立原则是：专业化分工、标准化作业、模块化架构、层级化管理。在内部管理中突出强调架构、职责与流程的建设。公司的组织架构伴随经营发展不断完善，现在已经形成比较成熟的九大职能、三级管理体系。根据连锁经营与管理特点，苏宁电器内部组织体系划分为品牌营销、市场策划、连锁管理、物流配送、售后服务、行政后勤、人力资源、财务管理、信息系统九大专业职能领域，集团总部决策层-地区管理中心经营层-终端作业层三个管理层级，并且在全国连锁网络中实现的岗位设置与职能的统一化、标准化，所有的苏宁子公司，都遵循相同的组织体系运作。苏宁电器建立了齐全的各岗位作业流程与管理规范体系，汇编了《经营管理手册》，作为整个连锁体系运行的基本行为准则。
二、服务定位、全程全员服务的经营模式
服务定位包括对供应商的服务、对分销商的服务和对消费者服务三个方面，三者之间相互依赖，相互促进。服务于分销商是为了发展连锁网络，壮大规模，更好地服务于供应商；服务于供应商能获取稳定的产品、价格、促销以及售后资源，更好地服务于分销商和消费者；服务于消费者，树立商业品牌，带动和培育供应商产品品牌。确定了供应商、分销商、消费者三位一体的服务对象，苏宁电器内部经营中贯彻售前、售中、售后全程服务，决策者、管理者、经营者全程服务。在企业经营中，苏宁电器注重互惠互利的厂商合作、平等尊重的厂商关系。在以利益为纽带的前提下，注重满足供应商的长远利益，为供应商培育品牌、提供
生产启动资金，共同拓展和维护市场。联合分销商力量，形成统购分销，整合分散的渠道力量，为供应商提供规模采购订单。苏宁的经营风格，倡导以价值战取代价格战。从品牌资源、服务开发和价格组合上体现服务创新。通过创新经营手段，体现个性化、差异化的价值竞争。通过品类开发，开拓新的经营门类，新的经营品牌和新产品，带给消费者更多的选择。通过科学引导消费，了解顾客真实需求，让顾客买到满意的商品，通过全程监管的配送和售后服务，满足顾客个性化的需求，得到物超价值的服务。如此比较规范化的组织架构,促成了苏宁由单一的电器公司向综合型集团公司的良好过渡。
三、以人为本的管理战略，是苏宁做大做强的核心
近年来,私营企业发展速度虽然很快，经济实力也逐步增强，但从总体上看，它们中的绝大多数都是小型企业，同时私营企业对国民经济和社会发展的贡献率虽呈逐年上升的趋势，但在整个国家的经济社会结构中所占比重不是很大。以所有权和经营权相结合的家族企业为主体，是我国私营企业处于初始阶段的显著特征。产权结构单一，股权分布集中，主要投资人占有绝大部分股份，绝大多数企业的所有权与经营权紧密结合，经营决策权高度集中统一于主要投资人手中。股东会、董事会和经理办公会议的人员，具有很大的重叠性。党的基层组织、工会、职工代表大会等，一般不参与企业决策。截止到2009年6月底，境内A股市场上共有187家上市公司的第一大股东为私营企业，它们仅占同期境内A股上市公司总数的15.66%。尽管如此，借鉴国外企业的先进管理经验及结合本国成功民营企业的启迪，苏宁集团依托“以人为本”的科学、人性化管理，取得了成功。
（一）以人为本 尊重员工主体意识
尊重员工的主体意识，就是充分肯定员工在企业生产经营活动中的主体作用。私营企业要努力创造条件，使员工们自我意识到其工作的结果对自身有意义，值得为之奋斗；同时又能意识到其奋斗对社会或企业有一定的意义，应该为之效力。自成立以来，苏宁就本着“至真至诚”的为人之道、做事之本、与天下人合作、成天下之大事。
（二）以人为本 增强凝聚力
随着苏宁连锁事业的发展，一批又一批社会人才加盟全国各地的苏宁，成为苏宁大家庭的一员。企业社会化、人才本地化已成为今天苏宁的发展现实。苏宁在企业发展规模成倍增长的过程中，能保持稳健的扩张态势，归根结底是因为苏宁有一支过硬的员工队伍和领导团队。苏宁员工对企业的热爱，并不是来自企业的灌输，也不是来自制度的约束，而是一批又一批苏宁老员工身体力行的榜样作用。苏宁的老员工在跟随企业多年的发展中，随着企业的壮大而获得个人利益和事业的发展，苏宁员工的社会地位和家庭生活质量随着企业的发展而提升。成就与发展、尊重与荣誉、利益与保障是维系苏宁员工对企业热爱的纽带，正是这种热爱之情维系着苏宁由小到大、由大到强。
（三）以人为本 唯贤是用
苏宁集团认为：只有能够为企业创造价值的人员才是人才，判断人才的标准是为企业的贡献的大小，即便拥有学历、资历或文凭，也要考察它的真正价值。苏宁电器选拔人员强调能力适度。所有人员的引进与配置都要符合岗位要求，合理搭配。同时倡导分工合作，不鼓
励脱离集体的个人主义。敬业与团队合作精神是苏宁员工的基本要求。大学生是苏宁电器人才引进的重点途径。苏宁电器与全国各地几十所重点高等学府建立了人才输出的长期合作关系，每年都将从高校引进大批优秀的应届毕业生。2003年初，苏宁电器着眼于未来2-3年需要，启动了应届大学生“1200工程”，计划从全国各地的高校招聘1200名应届本科以上毕业生，经过1-2年精心培训与培养锻炼，最终充实到公司各个中层管理岗位中去。为了更好的培养人才，苏宁电器在总部专门成立培训管理部，组建了一支由经验丰富的管理人员和专业技能熟练的技术人员组成的教师队伍，根据“专业化、个性化”原则，汇编了《经营管理》、《营销管理》、《连锁筹建》《售后服务》、《物流配送》等一套培训教材，为新进员工和在岗员工提供岗前适应性培训和在岗提高性培训。各管理部门也将培训工作的部门重要工作内容之一，制定了各自的培训计划，指定专人负责本部门的专业培训，并且在月度的工作考评和年终的部门评优中都将人员的培养输出作为重要的考评指标之一。
（四）以人为本 构筑施展舞台
创业近20年来的苏宁实际上正处于企业发展的青年期，要想全面形成苏宁的企业文化也许还不太成熟。但是，面对全国90000多名苏宁员工的向往，面对社会舆论、行业公众的关注，苏宁提出一些苏宁企业文化的精髓和核心内涵，昭示于员工，公诸于社会。集团统一企业和全体员工的共同价值观。价值观是利益取向和利益分配的基础。苏宁在创业之初，企业的利益也就是创业者个人的利益，当苏宁企业规模逐渐扩大，企业利益的实现与员工利益和社会效益满足之间的关系的越来越密切。所以，今天的苏宁早已把企业的利益与员工个人利益融为一体。苏宁强调个人利益，但对个人利益、个人价值的理解和实现手段有企业的原则。苏宁要生存，苏宁的生存离不开与社会的协调、与环境的共融，因此相对于企业利益而言，国家利益、社会利益高于一切。苏宁要发展，要长远的可持续的发展，因此相对于个人利益而言，企业的利益大于一切。苏宁的发展，离不开员工的努力，苏宁员工的辛勤劳动是实现企业利益的现实力量，因此苏宁员工是企业最宝贵的创造财富的财富，不断地提高苏宁员工的利益回报是我们办企业的目的。每一个苏宁人，不管职位高低、不管能力大小，都是在苏宁品牌下、在苏宁团队中发挥个人聪明才智的，每一个苏宁员工都要理所应当地在优先满足企业根本利益前提下。
（五）以人为本 采用科学激机制
苏宁电器建立有系统的评估考核制度体系。各岗位采取月度考核与考核相结合的方式，从工作职责、计划、精神风貌三方面对员工每月工作进行全面考评。量化考核、个性化考核是苏宁电器考核体系的一大特点，各项考核制度与评估指标都采取评分方式。由于连锁体系岗位设置比较繁多复杂，苏宁电器还着力突出个性化考核，针对不同岗位设置不同考核方案，制定了品牌营销岗位、职能部门岗位、连锁店营业员、配送中心、售后服务中心、客户服务中心、工程业务岗位等系列化的制度。
四、政府、社会体系积极给予私营企业有效的扶持氛围和健康成长的空间
首先，整个社会的信用体系进一步完善。民营经济要得到发展，必须有资本的支持。一
部分资本可以从企业家自己的积累中来，但是大部分还是要靠资本市场的帮助。资本流动的根本保证是良好的信用关系，是未来发展我国民营经济的最最重要的条件。我们已看到政府正力争增加金融业的透明度，加强政府对金融业的监管力度，建立个人和企业的信用记录。同时要发展资本市场，进一步对民营经济开放股票市场，发展信贷担保事业，发展租赁业等等。
其次，各种中介机构应运而生，会计事务所，律师事务所，审计所，咨询公司，批发配送中心，零售经销店，邮购网络，特许连锁店，保险公司，担保公司，租赁公司，专利局，信用记录服务公司等等。这类机构为企业服务，可以提高企业的经营效率，改善产品质量，降低成本。
同时，政府还加强对民营企业的服务，给予更多的关注和帮助，这必将给民营企业蓬勃发展起了推动作用。
从苏宁的成功，我们还得到这样的启示：私营企业要想做大做强，走出“手工作坊”或“家族企业”的围城，关键在于最高决策层能善于学习、高瞻远瞩、广纳贤才，始终领先于同行。可以预见，在未来的几年里，私营企业的经营规模和经济实力将会进一步扩大和增强，私营企业主的综合素质将会进一步提高，我国的私营企业将借鉴国际先进管理理念、经验，稳步地发展，苏宁集团就是一个很好的佐证。
参考文献
[1] 郎咸平《苏宁电器的战略战术》
[2] 中国教育和科研计算机网，华夏论坛《增强企业核心竞争力发展具有国际竞争力的大企业》
[3] 周善乔，江苏行政学院副教授。《战略定位：提升企业核心竞争力的法宝》
[4] 迈克尔〃波特：《竞争战略》，华夏出版社2007年版。
[5] 中华全国工商业联合会《中国民营经济发展报告NO.六2008～2009》
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