2010-2014年高考语文近五年试题前五个题目及答案

第一篇：2010-2014年高考语文近五年试题前五个题目及答案

近五年山东高考语文前五个题汇编

2010年

1.下列词语中加点的字，读音全都正确的一组是

A.饯别（jiàn）晦涩（huì）铁栅栏（zhà）浑身解数（xiâ）．．．．

B.扒手（pá）吱声（zī）和稀泥（hã）步履蹒跚（pán）．．．．

C.蓄养（xù）寒噤（jìn）露马脚（lîu）扪心自问（mân）．．．．

D.顺遂（suí）什锦（shǐ）蒸馏水（liú）兵不血刃（xuâ）．．．．

2.下列各句中,没有错别字的一组是

A.依稀澎涨戈壁滩云蒸霞蔚B.涵盖阴霾捉谜藏烘云托月

C.贻误甬道交际舞寥若晨星D.吆喝绪论擦边球名门旺族

3、下列语句中，标点符号使用正确的一项是

A.国庆节移至，一座“天安门模型”摆在广场上。“天安门”前花团锦蔟，增添了浓浓的节日气氛，行人纷纷驻足观看，争相与“天安门”合影留念。

B.人活在世界上，必须处理好三个关系；人与自然的关系；人与人的关系，包括家庭关系；个人想想感情矛盾与平衡的关系。处理得好，生活才能愉快。

C.朱熹49岁那年，上书建议朝延重修了白鹿洞书院，并亲自制订学规，提出：“博学之，审间之，灌思之，明辨之，笃行之”的治学方法。

D.艺术节期间，这个县将举办形式多样的文艺演出活动、科技下乡活动、内容独特的文物、风情、美术、摄影展览，以及大规模的经贸活动。

4.下列语句中，加点的词语使用最恰当的一项是

A.在浦东国际场边检大厅，有这样一位服务标兵，她无论出瑞哪里，脸上始终挂着一抹微笑，真诚、甜美、亲切，让人难以释怀。．．

B.这六位老人，年纪最小的也已82岁，都是参加过抗战的老兵。如今，虽已是古稀之年，但他们都．．

还精神矍铄，思路清晰，回忆起当年，感慨万千。

C.虽然面临的困难和不利因素很多，但是，作为这项改革实验的始作俑者，我们有信心也有能力把这．．．．

项工作进行下去，并且做得越来越好。

D.地震异地安置区首批“农家乐”开业，灾区民房重建基本完成，学生提前搬人新校园„„纷至沓来．．．．的重建喜讯报告着灾区的重生。

5.下列语句中，没有语病的一项是。

A.中午还是阳光灿烂，但到下午5时左右，老天突然变脸，市区狂风大作，天昏地暗。据气象部门监测，这次特强沙尘暴瞬间风力喧11级，地面能见度0米。

B.记者来到卧龙镇人民政府南侧的中国卧龙大熊猫博物馆前，只见这座被称为“中国唯一大熊猫博物馆”坐落在风景秀丽的山下，周围流水淙淙，绿树成荫。

C.世博园开园以来，无论是风和日丽还是刮风下雨，参观的人流一直络绎不绝。截至5月9日17时30分，累计检票入园已达19.59万人次。

D.昨天上午，一位老人突然晕倒在购物中心，后经迅速赶到的120急救中心医护人员以及商场保安、在场群众的救护下，老人得到及时抢救，最终脱离了危险。2011年

1.下列词语中加点的字，每对读音都不相同的一组是

A.磅秤/磅礴仿佛/佛手瓜刨除/刨根问底B.钥匙/汤匙漩涡/涡轮机调节/调虎离山．．．．．．．．．．．．

C.驻扎/扎实亲事/亲家母伎俩/仨瓜俩枣D.果脯/胸脯胳臂/长臂猿倔强/强颜欢笑．．．．．．．．．．．．

2.下列词语中，没有错别字的一组是

A.签署发贴子雍容华贵万事俱备，只欠东风

B.端详螺丝钉额手称庆兵来将挡，水来土掩

C.惊诧震慑力眼花瞭乱一言既出，驷马难追

D.延袭扫描仪不屈不饶知己知彼，百战不殆

3.依次填入下列横线处的词语，最恰当的一组是

办公人员的座椅高度是非常有讲究的。专家___，许多人办公座椅的高度都存在一定问题，久坐会__疲劳感，并出现腰酸背痛的毛病。正确的做法是：首先根据工作性质把办公桌调整到一个__的高度，然后再依据自身情况来调整座椅的高度。

A.提出产生适合B.提出引发合适C.提醒产生合适D.提醒引发适合4.下列各句中，加点的成语使用恰当的一项是

A.对于这座神秘的古代墓葬，专家们希望能从漫无边际的史料中找到一些关于它的蛛丝马迹。．．．．

B.从长辈们的闲言碎语中，他了解到父亲乔明志曾经是一位屡立奇功、威名赫赫的抗日英雄。．．．．

C.在44年的记者生涯中，他创作了一批优秀的新闻作品，在中国新闻史上留下了浓墨重彩的一笔。．．．．

D．市场调查发现，国内一些商家销售的红木家具质量良莠不齐，有关部门提醒消费者选购时要谨慎。．．．．

5.下列各句中，没有语病的一句是

A.朝鲜艺术家这次来华表演的歌剧《红楼梦》，受到了中国观众的热烈欢迎，给予了很高的评价。

B.《尚书》记载，东方的夷人部落民风淳朴，人们好让不争且取予有度，因此这个部落被称为“君子之国”。

C.据西藏自治区统计局发布的最新数据显示，在自治区常住人口中，藏族人口占九成以上，为271.6万人。

D.随着大运会的日益临近，深圳随处可见志愿者忙碌的身影，迎接大运会已成为展现志愿者风采的广阔舞台。

2012年

1.下列词语中加点的字，每对读音都相同的一组是

A.星宿/乳臭搭讪/赡养费粗犷/旷日持久B.着实/斟酌砾石/沥青路鞭挞/纷至沓来．．．．．．．．．．．．

C.呜咽/奖掖瞋目/撑门面诘难/殚精竭虑D.畜养/体恤锁钥/管弦乐迸发/屏气凝神．．．．．．．．．．．．

2.下列词语中，没有特别字的一组是

A.镶嵌精萃休闲装轻描淡写B．瑕疵鄙薄邀请赛赔里道歉

C.怃然琵琶和稀泥玲珑剔透D.推辞观摩元霄节伶牙俐齿

3.依次填入下列横线处的词语，最恰当的一组是

①春天的脚步近了，大草原上的冰雪渐渐成了朵朵白色的“大蘑菇”，煞是壮观。

②人与人之间要减少误会，化解矛盾，和谐相处，那么加强彼此是非常重要的。③每天天还没亮，位于城郊的农贸市场批发市场就起来，人们又开始了一天的劳作。

A.溶化沟通喧哗 B.溶化勾通喧闹C.融化勾通喧哗 D.融化沟通喧闹

4.下列各句中，加点的成语使用恰当的一项是

A.在这次演讲比赛中，来自基层单位的选手个个表现出色，他们口若悬河，巧舌如簧，给大家留下．．．．

了深刻印象。

.B.陶渊明早年曾几度出仕，后来因为不满当时黑暗腐败的政治而走上归隐之路，过起了瓜田李下的．．．．田园生活。

C.抗洪救灾形势严峻，各级领导都坚守岗位，没有擅离职守，久假不归现象，确保了人民群众生命．．．．

财产的安全。

D.五四时期，革命青年为救亡图存、振兴中华而奔走呼号，奋不顾身，表现出高尚的爱国情操和不．．．．

屈的斗争精神。

5.下列各句中，没有语病，句意明确的一句是

A.近视患者都应当接受专业医师的检查，选配合适的眼镜，切忌不要因为怕麻烦、爱漂亮而不戴眼镜。

B.本市国税局绘制出“税源分布示意略图”，解决了税源管理辖区划分不清、争议扯皮等问题的发生。

C.为加强国际交流，提高山东环保产业水平，省政府拟举办“生态山东建设高层论坛”暨第五届环保产业博览会。

D.日本在野党强烈指责财务大臣“口无遮拦”，公开谈及政府去年入市干预日元具体汇率的行为是极不付责任的。

2013年

1．下列词语中加点的字，读音全都正确的一项是

A．校订（jiào）戛然（jiá）佝偻病（gōu）自怨自艾（yì）．．．．

B．降服（xiáng）惊诧（chà）超负荷（hâ）流水淙淙（zōng）．．．．

C．奇葩（pā）胴体（tïng）拗口令（ào）三缄其口（jiān）．．．．

D．称职（chân）谄媚（chǎn）一刹那（shà）良莠不齐（yǒu）．．．．

2.下列各句中，没有错别字的一句是

A．五台山位于山西东北部，是我国著名的佛教胜地，山上有许多寺院，善男信女络绎不绝。

B．钓鱼岛及其附属岛屿自古以来就是中国的故有领土，这在历史和法理上都是清楚的。

C．作为一位大山深处的乡村教师，他不单给孩子们上课、辅导，还细心照料他们的生活。

D．对峙的双方情绪激动，箭拔弩张，幸亏民警及时赶到，才避免了—起暴力事件的发生。

3.下列各句中，加点词语使用正确的一句是

A．阳春三月，一位老人在杭州西湖岸边展示他高超的拳脚功夫，引来许多行人侧目观赏。．．

B．大学毕业已经十年了，其间，他换过几种不同性质的工作，但始终没有放弃专业学习。．．

C．老王一直热衷于收藏，每当得到心仪的藏品，喜悦的心情总让他如坐春风，夜不成寐。．．．．

D．此前中国航空西南分公司一直与四川航空公司鼎足而立，所占市场份额相差无几。．．．．

4.下列各句中，标点符号使用正确的一句是

A．最近两天，京津地区、华北中南部、黄淮、江淮、汉水流域、贵州等地的日平均气温达到了入夏以来的最高值。

B．《新民丛报》虽然名为“报”，其实却是期刊，是梁启超等人于1902年在日本横滨创办的，曾产生过较大影响。

C．在市场竞争日益激烈的当下，他不得不认真思考公司的业绩为什么会下滑，怎样才能打开产品的销路？

D．新鲜大米，手感滑爽，米粒光洁，透明度好，腹白很小（米粒上呈乳白色的部分），做出的米饭清

香可口。

5.下列各句中，没有语病、句意明确的一句是

A．警察反复观察了两个目击者提供的弹壳，并进行技术分析，确定它们和从案发现场得到的弹壳并不是出自同一支枪。

B．跟随广播学习英语不失为一种有效的方法，不过大部分电台英语广播的语速较快，对于初学英语的人听起来确实感到困难。

C．这种新研制的牙膏香气浓郁，清新爽口，去污洁齿力强，而且不损伤牙釉质，能保持牙齿洁白光亮，深受消费者喜爱。

D．当今的世界，各个国家、地区相互依存，已经形成了你中有我、我中有你的格局，是—个经济全球化的时代。

2014年

1．下列词语中加点的字，每对读音都不相同的一项是（）

A．湛蓝／斟酌崛起／倔脾气提防／醍醐灌顶B．跻身／犄角女红／彩虹桥沟壑／豁然开朗．．．．．．．．．．．．

C．毛胚／胚芽蒜薹／跆拳道拙劣／咄咄逼人D．劲敌／浸渍咆哮／酵母菌着陆／着手成春．．．．．．．．．．．．

2.下列词语中，没有错别字的一项是（）

A．缠绵梗概打寒噤震聋发聩B．扼守晋升伏卧撑杞人忧天

C．滥觞脉博摇篮曲大快朵颐D．伛偻驯顺笑吟吟锄强扶弱

3.依次填入下列横线处的词语，最恰当的一项是（）

1本报这次开展的讨论，受到了社会各界的普遍关注，稿件之多，范围之广，________之强烈○

出乎意料。

2有关领导在会议上强调，要重视秋冬季森林防火工作，一旦发现灾情，就要及时处置，严防火○

势________。

3这几年虽然很艰难，但我的付出________没有白费，经过刻苦的学习和长期的实践，我练就了○

比较过硬的本领。

1反映○2曼延○3总算B．○1反应○2蔓延○3总算C．○1反映○2蔓延○3终于D．○1反应○2曼延○3终于 A．○

4.下列各句中，加点的成语使用正确的一句是（）

A．严冬的夜晚，凛冽的北风从后窗缝里灌进来，常常把人们从睡梦中冻醒，让人不寒而栗。．．．．

B．这次军事演习，蓝军一度处于劣势，他们在关键时刻反戈一击，才夺回了战场上的主动权。．．．．

C．在座谈会上，代表们结合实际情况，广开言路，畅所欲言，为本地区的经济发展献计献策。．．．．

D．从文章风格看，《庄子》奇幻，《孟子》雄辩，《荀子》浑厚，《韩非子》峻峭，实在是各有千秋。．．．．

5.下列各句中，没有语病、句意明确的一句是（）

A．这次招聘，一半以上的应聘者曾多年担任外资企业大中高层管理岗位，有较丰富的管理经验。

B．我父亲是建筑学家，许多人以为我母亲后来进入建筑领域，是受我父亲影响，其实不是这样的。

C．熟悉他的人都知道，生活中的他不像在银幕上那样，是个性格开朗外向、不拘小节的人。

D．近年来，随着房地产市场的发展和商品房价格的持续上涨，引起了有关部门的高度重视

参考答案

2010年

1.A 【试题分析】B项，和huò稀泥，C项，扪mén心自问，D项，顺遂suì。注意B项吱声（zī）为方言词，C项露马脚（lòu）也是一个容易读错的字。

2.C 【试题分析】“膨胀”指物体的体积增大，泛指事物的扩大或增长，与水无关。“捉迷

藏”蒙目相捉或寻找躲藏者的游戏，比喻言行故意使人难以捉摸，不是谜语，而是重点在于让人寻找。“名门望族”指高贵的、地位显要的家庭或有特权的家族，“望”指有声望，不是兴旺

3.B4 D5 A

2011年

1.D解析A．bàng/páng fú/fï páo/páoB．shi/chí wō/wō tiáo/diàoC．zhā/zhā qīn/qìng iǎng/liǎD．fǔ/pú bei/bì jiàng/qiǎng

2.【答案】B【解析】识记并正确书写现代常用规范汉字。A．贴——帖C．瞭——缭D．延——沿

3.【答案】C【解析】正确使用词语。提出：“揭示；提请考虑、讨论、接受或采纳。”提醒：“使唤起忘掉的事或很难再想起的事,有时是通过告诫的方法引起的；从旁指点,引起注意。”“提出”是客观的提请考虑；而“提醒”有告诫提醒的主观意。产生：“从已有的事物中形成新事物。”引发：“引起，触发。”“产生”是从已有的事物中形成，主观性较强；而“引发”本身为科技名词，指要有一定的触发点才能发生。适合：“符合，合宜。”合适：“适合实际情况或客观要求。”“适合”一般用作谓语,后面带宾语,“合适”一胜般用作状语，说明一种状态。例：这个女人适合做我老婆，这件衣服我穿着合适。

4．【答案】C【解析】本题考查正确使用成语。A.漫无边际：形容非常广阔，一眼望不到边。也指谈话或写文章没有中心，离题很远。“史料”不能用“广阔，望不到边”修饰，应该用“浩如烟海”。浩如烟海：形容文献、资料等非常丰富。B.闲言碎语：①不满意的话；没有根据的话。多指人们嘴里传来传去的话。②与正事无关的话。含贬义，与长辈们的身份不符。应该用“一言一行”。C.浓墨重彩：用浓重的墨汁和颜色来描绘。形容着力描写。D.良莠不齐：好人坏人都有，混杂在一起。莠：狗尾草，很像谷子，常混在禾苗中。质量不能用“好的坏的”修饰，应该用“参差不齐”。参差不齐：形容水平不一或很不整齐。

5.【答案】B【解析】本题考查辨析并修改病句。A．暗中更换主语，造成主语残缺。前半部分的主语为“歌剧《红楼梦》”，后半部分转换为“中国观众”，应在末句加上“中国观众”这一主语。C．“据„„”“„„显示”用在一句话中，造成主语残缺，所以应该删除“据”。D．搭配不当。应该把“迎接”去掉。

2012年

1.答案：B解析：A、xiù;shàn;guǎng/kuàng;B、zhuó;li;tà;C、yè;chēn/chēng;jié;

D、xù;yuè;bèng/bǐng

2.答案：C解析：A、精粹； B、赔礼道歉;D、元宵节

3.【答案】D【解析】融化：指固体(如冰、雪等）受热变软或化为流体的过程。溶化：指固体在液体中溶解的过程，具体地说，是指某固态物质，在另一液态物质中分散成单个分子或离子的扩散过程。此过程不需加热，但必须有液体，所以三点水旁“溶”。题中应选“融化”。沟通：本指开沟以使两水相通。后用以泛指使两方相通连；也指疏通彼此的意见。勾通：暗中串通，贬义词。应用“沟通”。喧闹：1喧哗热闹：—的集市；2喧哗吵闹：大声—。喧哗：1形容词，声音大而杂乱；2动词：喧嚷。侧重“热闹、吵闹”，与“起来”搭配，应用“喧闹”。

4.答案：D5.答案：C

2013年

1．【答案】A【解析】B流水淙淙(cïng)C胴体(dîng)D一刹那(chà)

2.【答案】C【解析】A“佛教胜地”应为佛教圣地”;B“故有领土”应为“固有领土”;D“箭拔弩张”应为“剑拔弩张”。

3.【答案】B【解析】 A“侧目”形容对对方敬畏或者愤恨，此处用来形容人们欣赏的状态是不对的。B此题学生易误认为“其间”一词应为“期间”，“其间”与“期间”都表示在某段时间里面或某个时期中间，其中“其间”也可以理解为“那段时间里、那个时期中”，但“其间”一词可以单独充当表示时间的状语，而“期间”不能单独充当时间状语，使用时它的前面必须添加修饰语。C“如坐春风”指像坐在春风中间。比喻同品德高尚且有学识的人相处并受到熏陶。这里用错对象。D“鼎足而立”指像鼎的三只脚一样，三者各立一方。比喻三方面分立相持的局面。

4.【答案】B【解析】 A并列不当，“京津地区、华北中南部、黄淮、江淮、汉水流域、贵州等地”应该改为“京津地区，华北中南部，黄淮、江淮、汉水流域，贵州等地”。C不是疑问语气而是陈述语气，故最后的问号改为句号。D把“(米粒上呈乳白色的部分)”放到“腹白”后面，解释成份要紧贴在被解释的词后面。

5.【答案】C【解析】A有歧义，“两个目击者提供的弹壳”有歧义。B不合逻辑，主客体颠倒，应改为“对于初学英语的人来说听起来确实感到困难”。D主宾搭配不当，“世界”不是“时代”。2014年

1．A（A读音分别是zhàn／zhēn，júe／jùe，dī／tí；B读音分别是jī／jī，gōng／hïng，hâ／huî；C读音分别是pī／pēi，tái／tái，zhuō／duō；D读音分别是jìng／jìn，xiào／jiào，zhuï／zhuï。）

2．D（A震聋发聩－振聋发聩，B伏卧撑－俯卧撑，脉博－脉搏。）

3．B（①“反映”多指把情况、意见等告诉上级或有关部门，动词；“反应”，多指事情所引起的意见、态度或行动，名词。②“曼延”，指很长、连绵不断，如“山路曲折曼延”；“蔓延”比喻像蔓草一样向不断向周围扩展，如“火势蔓延”、“庸俗风气蔓延”。③“总算”，表示经过相当长的时间以后某种愿望终于实现，强调心理满足；“终于”表示经过种种变化或等待之后出现的情况，强调结果。）

4．D（“各有千秋”，各有各的长处、特色或存在的价值。A“不寒而栗”，不冷而发抖，形容非常恐惧。B“反戈一击”，指掉转武器向自己原来所属的阵营进行攻击。C“广开言路”，指领导者或上级部门尽量给下面创造发表意见的条件。）

5．B（A搭配不当，“担任”与“岗位”不搭配；C表意不明，“是个性格开朗外向、不拘小节的人”可以指他在生活中，也可以他指在银幕上；D成分残缺，“引起了„„”一句缺主语。）

第二篇：英语三级近五年考试试题及答案

2009年6月B Part II Vocabulary & Structure

Directions: This part is to test your ability to use words and phrases correctly to construct meaningful and grammatically correct sentences.It consists of 2 sections.Section A

Directions: There are 10 incomplete statements here.You are required to complete each statement by choosing the appropriate answer from the 4 choices marked A), B), C)and D).You should mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.16.What are the essential differences ___________ selling and marketing?

A)between

B)from

C)among

D)for

17.Jack called the airline to ___________his flight to beijing this morning.A)improve

B)believe

C)confirm

D)insure

18.It was in the year of 2002___________they set up a branch company in China.A)as

B)that

C)what

D)which

19.You’d better ___________advice before making a project plan.A)put down

B)take in

C)turn out

D)ask for

20.Young people now live a life-style ___________their parents could hardly dream of.A)which

B)why

C)when

D)where

21.While traveling in France, he __________some everyday French.A)gave up

B)picked up

C)drew up

D)got up

22.Hardly __________ at the office when the telephone rang.A)I arrived

B)I had arrived

C)did I arrive

D)had I arrived

23.To work __________with the machine，you must read the instructions carefully.A)firstly

B)naturally

C)efficiently

D)generally

24.We’ll have to continue the discussion tomorrow __________we can make a final decision today.A)unless

B)because

C)when

D)since

25.If you have three years’ work experience，you will be the right ______ for this job.A)person

B)passenger

C)tourist

D)customer

Section B

Directions: There are also 10 incomplete statements here.You should fill in each blank with the proper form of the word given in brackets.Write the word or words in the corresponding space on the Answer Sheet.26.It is reported that the sports meet was(successful)__________organized.27.Some people think(much)__________about their rights than about their duties.28.It is reported that foreign car sales in the country(rise)__________by 8% last year.29.The adviser recommended that Mary(start)_______ the training program as soon as possible.30.The job pays well and you get a 20-day holiday a year, it’s certainly an(attract)_______offer.31.It(announce)______yesterday that the game wsa to start in a week.32.Because man people will come to the meeting, we need some(addition)_____ chairs.33.No reader is allowed(take)__________any reference book out of the reading-room.34.The course is designed to provide a general introduction to computers and(practice)___skills training.35.We’ve only got one day in Paris，so we’d better(make)____the best use of the time.答案：16-20:ACBDA 21-25:BDCAA

26.successfully 27.more 28.rose 29.(should)start 30.attractive

31.was announced 32.additional 33.to take 34.practical 35.make 来源:考试大-国家英语三级考试站Part III Reading Comprehension

Directions: This part is to test your reading ability.There are 5 tasks for you to fulfill.You should read the reading materials carefully and do the tasks as you are instructed.Task 1

Directions: After reading the following passage, you will find 5 questions or unfinished statements, numbered 36 to 40.For each question or statement there are 4 choices marked A), B), C)and D).You should make the correct choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.Subways are underground trains，which usually operate 24 hours a day.They are found in larger cities and usually run between the suburbs and the downtown area.Maps and schedules are available from the ticket of rice.If you take the subway often，you can save money by purchasing a monthly pass(月票).City-operated buses run on various routes(线路)and are designed to be at certain places at certain times.Maps and schedules may be posted at certain stops，or they may be available at local banks，libraries，the student union，or from the bus drivers.Buses run mainly during the day.Fare is paid by exact change in coins, or by monthly passes.Taxis are generally more expensive in the United States than in other countries.If you use a taxi，be sure you ask the amount of the fare before you agree to ride.The driver usually expects a tip(小费)of 15 percent of the fare.36.According to the passage, subways as underground trains, which usually run____.A)within downtown areas

B)away from city centers

C)in or outside big modern cities

D)between suburbs and city centers

37.You can get the maps and schedules of the subways________.A)at bus stations

B)at local banks

C)in any bookstores

D)from the ticket offices

38.From the passage we learn that________.A)buses are always available in 24 hours

B)bus riders have to buy monthly passes

C)bus fare is paid by exact change in coins

D)buses are the best means of transportation

39.When you take a taxi, you’d better________.A)buy a monthly pass

B)ask about the fare first

C)agree on the amount of the tip

D)pay by the exact change in coins

40.The passage mainly tells us about________.A)the bus and train fares in the US

B)the ways of paying taxi in the US

C)the public transportation in the US

D)the advantage of subways in the US

Task 2

Directions: This task is the same as Task 1.The 5 questions or unfinished statements are numbered 41 to 45.Letter 1

Dear Ann，I am going to give a dinner party next month.I want my guests to enjoy themselves and to feel comfortable.What is the secret of giving a successful party?

Letter 2

Dear Mary，Cook something that would let you spend time with your guests，If a guest offers to help you in the kitchen，accept the offer.It often makes people feel more comfortable when they can help.Before serving dinner，while your guests make small talks in the living room，offer them drinks.Some guests may like wine，but make sure to provide soft drinks for people who don’t.At the dinner table，let your guests serve themselves.Offer them a second serving after they finish, but don’t ask more than once.Most guests will take more if they want.Perhaps the most important rule of all is to be natural.Treat your guests as you want them to treat you when you’re in their home—that is，act naturally toward them，and don’t try too hard to be polite.Have a good time in a pleasant atmosphere.41.From the first letter we learn that Mary ________.A)is asking for advice on giving a dinner party

B)knows the secret of giving a pleasant party

C)is going to attend a dinner party

D)has successfully held a party

42.Ann’s first piece of advice is that Mary should________.A)get the food ready before the guests arrive

B)keep the guests away from the kitchen

C)spend some time with the guests

D)accept the guests’ offer to help

43.Ann suggests that Mary offer drinks________.A)while the guests are having small talks

B)when all the guests have arrived

C)after the guests finish small talks

D)after the dinner comes to an end

44.When having dinner，the guests are expected to________.A)eat their food slowly

B)help the host serve food

C)serve each other at the table

D)help themselves to more food

45.The most important rule for Mary to follow in treating her guests is to________.A)be as polite as she can

B)let them feel at home

C)prepare delicious food

D)create a formal atmosphere

答案：36-40:DDCBC 41-45:ADADB 来源:考试大-国家英语三级考试站

Task 3

Directions: The following is a letter.After reading it, you should complete the information by filling in the blanks marked 46 through 50 in no more than 3 words in the table below.E-mail or call Tip Line(举报热线)

Have you seen a crime being committed(犯罪)on a bus，train，or near a bus stop，or train station? If you do，email US or call Tip Line.Tip Line

If you would rather give your information by telephone，call the Police Tip Line at 612-349-7222.You can leave information anonymously(匿名地)or leave your name and phone number and an officer will call you back.Call and officer

You can speak directly to any Police Department staff member who receives the call weekdays.8：00 to 16：00.Call 612-349—7200.Contact the Chief

If you haven’t received any reply to your Tip Line information for half a day，directly call 612-349-7I00 or email：chief@metrotransit.org

Report on a Crime

Use Tip Line

1.Tip Line number：612-349-7222

2.Ways of reporting：

1)Give-46-anonymously;

2)Leave your name and telephone number，and wait for an officer to-47-

Call the Police Directly

1.Service time：weekdays,-48-

2.Telephone number:-49-

Contact the Chief

1.Reason：receiving no reply to your Tip Line information for-50-

2.Telephone number：612-349-7100

3.Email：chief@metrotransit.org

答案：46.information 47.call you back 48.8:00 to 16:00 49.612-349-7200 50.half a day

Task 4

Directions: The following is part of an index(索引).After reading it, you are required to find the items equivalent to(与…等同)those given in Chinese in the table below.Then you should put the corresponding letters in the brackets on the Answer Sheet, numbered 51 through 55.A—breeze

B—calm sea

C—clear up

D—dry

E—fog

F—heavy snow

G—high seas

H—light rain

I—partly cloudy

J—shower

K—southeast wind

L—storm

M—the highs

N—the lows

O一typhoon

P—wet

Q—windy

Examples：(A)微风(O)台风

51.()天气放晴()大雪

52.()最高温度()局部多云

53.()东南风()小雨

54.()有雾()海面大浪

55.()天气干燥()暴风雨

答案：51.C,F 52.M,I 53.K,H 54.E,G 55.D,L

Task 5

Directions: The following are two advertisements.After reading them, you are required to complete the statements that follow the questions(No.56 to No.60).You should write your answers in no more than 3 words on the corresponding Answer Sheet.Ad 1

Personal Assistant To Sales Manager

We are a small but growing computer software company.We are looking for someone to assist the manager of the sales department in dealing with foreign customers and orders from abroad.If you know English well and have previous experience in this job，and between 2 1 and 30，please writer US a short letter giving details of your previous jobs，current employment，etc.Some knowledge of Spanish and Italian would be an advantage.Write to：

Soft Logic Alfred Street

Winchester

Hants

Ad 2

Part time Drivers

King County Metro is Hiring Part-Time Bus Drivers

Great Pay!Great Bendfits!

Start at$14.50 an hour.Plus paid vacation and sick leave，paid training

Must be 2 1 years or older，have a Washington State driver’s license

and acceptable driving record.Call(202)684-1024

Or log on(登录)to www.xiexiebang.com--the part of the company that gives money to good causes.He said the company’s first project will help identify where

infectious(传染性的)diseases are developing.In Southeast Asia and Africa, for example, Google.org will work with partners to strengthen early-warning systems and take action against growing health threats.Google.org’s second project will invest in ways to help small and medium-sized businesses grow.Walji says microfinance(小额信贷)is generally small, short-term loans that create few jobs.Instead, he says Google.org wants to develop ways to bring investors and business owners together to create jobs and improve economic growth.Google.org will also give money to help two climate-change programs announced earlier this year.One of these programs studies ways to make renewable(再生的)energy less costly than coal-based energy.The other is examining the efforts being made to increase the use of electric cars.The creators of Google have promised to give Google.org about one percent of company profits and one percent of its total stock value every year.Aleem Walji says this amount may increase in the future.36.The purpose of Google’s investments is to ________.A)help poor people

B)develop new technology

C)expand its own business

D)increase the power of information

37.According to Aleem Walji, the company’s first project is to ________.A)set up a new system to warn people of infectious diseases

B)find out where infectious diseases develop

C)identify the causes of infectious diseases D)cure patients of infectious diseases

38.What kind of businesses will benefit from Google.org’s second project?

A)large enterprises

B)cross-national companies

C)foreign-funded corporations

D)small and medium-sized businesses

39.From the fourth paragraph, we learn that Google’s money is also invested to help ________.A)start more research programs

B)make more advanced electric cars

C)develop renewable and coal-based energy D)conduct studies related to climate changes

40.From the last paragraph we learn that the investments by Google.org come from ________.A)Google’s profits and stock value

B)some international IT companies

C)the company’s own interests

D)local commercial banks

Task 2

Directions: This task is the same as Task 1.The 5 questions or unfinished statements are numbered 41 to 45.Your boss holds your future prospects in his hands.Some bosses are hard to get along with.Some have excellent qualifications but no idea when it comes to dealing with people.Of course, not all bosses are like that.The relationship you have with your boss can be a major factor in determining your rise up the career ladder.Your boss is not only your leader, he is also the person best equipped to help you do the job you are paid to do.He can inform you of company direction that may affect your professional development.Your boss also needs you to perform at your best in order to accomplish his objectives.He needs your feedback in order to provide realistic and useful reports to upper management.But how does this help you establish a meaningful working relationship with your boss?

The key is communication.Learn and understand his goals and priorities(优先的事).Observe and understand your boss’s work style.If he has not been clear with his expectations, ask!Likewise, ask for feedback and accept criticism gracefully.And if he understands that you do not view your job as just something to fill the hours between 9 and 5, he may be more likely to help you.In short, getting along with your boss requires getting to know his likes and dislikes and learning to work with his personality and management style.41.The main idea of the first paragraph is that ________.A)bosses are hard to deal with

B)bosses have good character

C)bosses determine your career future

D)bosses must have similar personality

42.In the second paragraph, ―rise up the career ladder‖(Line 2)means ________.A)going to work abroad

B)changing jobs frequently

C)being promoted in position

D)pursuing an advanced degree

43.In order to achieve his objectives, your boss expects that you will ________.A)do your best in your work

B)show your management skills

C)get along with your colleagues

D)write reports to upper management

44.The most important factor for establishing a good working relationship with the boss is ________.A)high expectations

B)quick feedback

C)frequent criticism

D)effective communication

45.The best title for the passage might be ________.A)How to Take Care Of Your Boss.B)How to Get Along with Your Boss

C)How to Accept Your Boss’s Criticism

D)How to Accomplish Your Boss’s Objective

答案：36-40:ABDDA 41-45:CCADB 来源:考 Task 3

Directions: The following is an announcement.After reading it, you are required to complete the outline below it(No.46 to No.50).You should write your answers briefly(in no more than three words)on the Answer Sheet correspondingly.We welcome you aboard the Eastern Flight and will do our best to make your trip comfortable and enjoyable.For your safety and convenience

To begin the trip, we would like to draw your attention to some safety-related details.These are also explained on the instruction card in the seat pocket in front of you.Seat belts must remain fastened while the ―Fasten seatbelts‖ sign is on.It is advisable to keep them fastened at all times while seated.All flights are non-smoking.The use of mobile telephones is now allowed when the airplane is on the ground.During the flight the use of CD and DVD players is not allowed.For your entertainment

To help you enjoy your trip, we provide a range of newspapers.On our MD-11 and Boeing aircraft, we provide music and video programs.On Airbus A 321/320/319, short videos are shown.Meals and drinks

During most flights we serve you a tasty meal and drinks.Beer, wine and other drinks are served free of charge.Coffee, tea and juice are served free of charge on all domestic(国内的)flights.On domestic flights leaving before nine and on all flights to Northern China, a snack is served.Eastern Flight Service

Safety and convenience

1)Seat belts: remain-46-while the ―Fasten seatbelts‖ sign is on

2)Smoking: not allowed on board

3)Mobile phones: used only when the airplane is-47-

4)CD and DVD: not allowed to play-48-

Entertainment provided

1)newspapers

2)music and-49-on MD-11 and Boeing aircraft

Meals and drinks on board

1)meals served on most flights

2)coffee, tea and juice served free of charge

3)a snack served on all flights to-50-

答案：46.fastened 47.on the ground 48.during the flight

49.video programs 50.Northern China

Task 4

Directions: The following is a list of terms related to Security.After reading it, you are required to find the items equivalent to(与…等同)those given in Chinese in the table below.Then you should put the corresponding letters in the brackets on the Answer Sheet, numbered 51 through 55.A-----------------air traffic control system

B-----------------armed police

C-----------------crime prevention

D-----------------entry requirement

E-----------------international criminal police organization

F-----------------level of security

G-----------------picket line

H-----------------police station

I-----------------patrolling vehicle

J-----------------safety precaution measure

K-----------------safety control device

L-----------------security command center

M-----------------security service

N-----------------security control center

O-----------------security personnel

P-----------------valid documents

Q-----------------security monitoring and control

Examples:(M)保安服务(G)警戒线

51.()空中交通管制系统()安全预防措施

52.()巡逻车()武装警察

53.()国际刑警组织()有效证件

54.()入境要求()安保人员

55.()安全保障级别()安全监控

答案：51.A, J 52.I, B 53.E, P 54.D, O 55.F, Q

Task 5

Directions: The following is a business letter.After reading it, you should give brief answers to the 5 questions(No.56 to No.60)that follow.The answers(in no more than 3 words)should be written after the corresponding numbers on the Answer Sheet.Dear Mr.Smith，I am pleased to offer you the position of after-sales manager at our company starting on 16 June, 2009.I propose that the terms of employment will be those in the attached draft individual employment agreement.Please note that you are entitled to discuss this offer and to seek advice on the attached proposed agreement with your family, a union, a lawyer, or someone else you trust.If you want some information on your employment rights, you can also contact the Employment Service Office or visit our website.Also, if you disagree with, or do not understand or wish to clarify anything in this offer, please ring me to discuss any issue you wish to raise.If you are happy with the proposed terms and wish to accept this offer of employment, please sign the duplicate copy of this letter and return it to me by 1 June, 2009.In the event I have not heard from you by that date, this offer will be automatically withdrawn on that date.I look forward to working with you.Yours sincerely，John Brown

56.What job position is offered to Mr.Smith in the letter?

___________________________________________________________.57.From whom may Mr.Smith seek advice about the proposed agreement?

His family, a union, _____________________, or someone else he trusts.58.How can Mr.Smith get information about employment rights?

By contacting the ___________________________ or visiting its website.59.When should Mr.Smith return the signed duplicate copy of this letter?

By _______________________________________________________.60.What will happen if the duplicate copy of the letter is not returned by the deadline?

This offer will be ___________________________________ on that date.答案：56.(The)after-sales manager 57.a lawyer 58.Employment Service Office

59.1 June, 2009 60.(automatically)withdrawn 来源:考试大-国家英语三级考试站 Part IV Translation--English into Chinese(25 minutes)

B)如果合同一方希望重签合同，必须在合同到期三个月内写信通知对方。

C)如果任何一方希望更改合同，必须提前三个月向对方书面提交其理由。

D)如果合同一方希望续签合同，必须在合同期满前三个月书面通知对方。

62.There is no sign that the world economic crisis will lessen in the next few months, although a certain degree of recovery is in sight.A)尽管没有人认为未来几个月内世界经济危机会消失，但是在一定程度上的复苏是肯定的。

B)尽管世界经济复苏的迹象是肯定的，但是未来几个月内经济危机缓和的现象还不很明显。

C)尽管已经显现出一定程度的经济复苏，但没有迹象表明世界经济危机在未来几个月会减缓。

D)尽管没有人承认未来几个月内世界经济危机会触底，但我们肯定会看到世界经济的复苏。

63.Most of the issues concerning personnel managementhave been solved satisfactorily;only a few of secondary importance remain to be discussed.A)多数有关人员管理的问题顺利地解决了, 仅剩下几个问题还需要进行第二次讨论。

B)大多数有关人事管理问题已经得到圆满解决，只剩下几个次要的问题还有待于讨论。

C)很多有关人员配备问题基本上都得到了答复，只有第二个重要问题还未经过讨论。

D)第二个重要问题是有关人员调动的问题，这次已经得到妥善解决，不必再次讨论。

64.Only in this way can Chinese enterprises improve their competitiveness and avoid being defeated by their foreign rivals after China’s entry into the WTO.A)只有这个方法才能帮助中国企业去参加竞争，避免在加入世贸组织后被其外国对手所击败。

B)只有这样中国企业才能提高竞争力，并且在中国加入世贸组织后不会败给它们的外国对手。

C)如果中国企业要想在世贸组织中参加竞争，必须通过这种办法才能击败它们的外国对手。

D)中国企业只有通过这种途径来击败外国的对手，才能表明它们在世贸组织中具备竞争力。

65.Thank you, Mr.Black.It’s a great honor to be appointed as Overseas Sales Manager.To be honest, this promotion came as quite a surprise to me.I’d like to think it’s mainly the contribution of the whole team.I’d like to thank all my colleagues in the company for their support and hard work.Due to their efforts, we’ve started some overseas projects successfully.Looking to the future, I’d still like to maintain contact with everyone, even though I’ll be working at the management level.答案：61-64:DCAB 65:谢谢您，布莱克先生。被任命为海外销售部经理，我感到极大的荣幸。坦白说，这次升迁令我十分意外。我想这主要是整个团队的功劳。我要感谢公司全体同仁们的支持与努力。由于他们的努力，我们海外的一些项目已经顺利的启动了。展望未来，尽管我将在管理层工作，我仍希望与大家保持联系。

Part V Writing(25 minutes)

Directions: This part is to test your ability to do practical writing.You are required to write a business letter according to the following information given in Chinese.Remember to do the task on the Translation/Composition Sheet.说明：根据下面中文信息写一封询问信。

发信人：Mark Zhang

收信人：Mr.Smith

发信日期：2009年12月22日

内容：

1.Mark在最近的广交会上认识了Smith先生；

2.Mark对Smith先生所在公司展出的新款手机很感兴趣；

3.询问产品的详细信息，包括产品的规格、颜色、价格和功能等；

4.说明该款手机市场销售前景看好；

5.希望和对方建立长远的上午关系。

Words for references:

广交会 Guangzhou Trade Fair

规格 specifications

答案：Dear Mr.Smith，I'm Mark Zhang.I met you for the first time during Guangzhou Trade Fair recently.I'm interested in your new mobile.Could you please give me some information about the new product that produced by your firm?

Please tell me the specifications as well as the color about the mobile.Also I hope you can tell something about the price and functions.I'm confident in the market situation of your new product.I hope we can have a nice and lasting cooperation.yours,sincerely Zhang 来源:考试大-国家英语三级考试站

2010年6月B Part II Vocabulary and Structure(15 minutes)

Section A

Directions: In this section, there are 10 incomplete sentences.You are required to complete each one by deciding on the most appropriate word or words from the 4 choices marked A), B), C)and D).Then you should mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.16.Our company’s visitors decided to stay in our city for ____ two days as they wanted to have a look around.A)other

B)the other

C)another

D)other’S

17.According to the time table, the train for Beijing ____ at 9:10 P.m.from Monday to Friday.A)was leaving

B)is leaving

C)leaves

D)has left

18.The new drug will not be put on the market ____ it has proved safe on humans.A)if

B)until

C)since

D)when

19.Students are expected to pay the loan back ____ they are earning enough.A)so far as

B)now that

C)even if

D)as soon as

20.Immigrants have to adapt themselves culturally and physically to the new surroundings ____ they have moveD)

A)on which

B)by which

C)into which

D)from which

21.The proposal ____ at the meeting now is of great importance to our department.A)being discussed

B)to be discussing

C)having discussed

D)discussing

22.It was because of his good performance at the interview ____ he got the job with the big company.A)so

B)what

C)that

D)while

23.It is reasonable for people to pursue a career in fields related ____ their favorite hobbies.A)on

B)for

C)at

D)to

24.There is no evidence ____ he was on the site of the murder.A)where

B)that

C)which

D)how

25.Only when we hurried to the airport____ the flight was cancelleD)

A)we found

B)did we find

C)have we found

D)we have found Section B

Directions: There are 10 incomplete statements here.You should fill in each blank with the proper form of the word given in brackets.Write the word or words in the corresponding space on the Answer Sheet.26.Nowadays, electronic(pay)________ is a more convenient way to pay for purchases than cash and checks.27.Most of the high school students who(interview)________ yesterday believed that they should continue with their education.28.According to the survey(conduct)________ recently, 52% of American business people booked their business travel online last year.29.The(grow)________ of online shopping is producing a fundamental change in consumer behavior.30.The total output of this factory(double)________ since it was put into operation in 2006.31.It is the(responsible)________ of the Human Resources Department to employ new staff members.32.It was reported that the(injure)________ people were taken to the hospital immediately after the accident.33.The bank refused(accept)________ my application for the loan because they weren’t convinced by my business plan.34.It’S important to realize how(quick)________ this disease can spread over the globe.35.Of all the marketing plans proposed at the meetin9, this one is believed to be the(practical)________.Part III Reading Comprehension(40 minutes)

Directions: This part is to test your reading ability.There are 5 tasks for you to fulfill.You should read the reading materials carefully and do the tasks as you are instructeD)

Task 1

1.Determine your goals.What do you want to get out of a college education? Academic(学术的)knowledge? Leadership experience within a club? Decide what is most important to you.Then devote proportionate(成比例的)amounts of time to those efforts.2.Plan aheaD)You may think you Call keep everything in your head, but as the activities on your schedule start piling up, making a schedule can really help organize even little tasks.3.Study at strategic(关键的)times.Don’t wait until you’re falling asleep to study.Study first.Save those e—mails to check later, because tasks that don’t require much energy and attention can still be done when you’re tired.4.Motivate(激励)yourself!You know that TV show you’ve been dying to see, or that game of chess you’ve been waiting all week to challenge your friend to.These and many other special activities can be used for motivation.Promise yourself that you’ll force yourself to work efficiently.(Don’t rush through the assignment, though.)

5.Take a nap.Sometimes even a 20-minute nap in the afternoon will give you the extra energy you need to get through the day.36.We need to play ahead in order to ________.A)keep a record of all the events

B)better organize our activities

C)store everything in our head

D)pile up little tasks neatly

37.Strategic times are best for us to ________.A)save energy

B)check e-mails

C)study efficiently

D)organize activities

38.Which of the following could be used as a motivation to do our assignments?

A)Remembering our urgent tasks.B)Any activities we’re eager to do.C)Taking a break in the afternoon.D)The promise to study efficiently.39.What can help us to keep refreshed throughout the day?

A)Doing some physical exercise.B)Taking a short nap in the afternoon.C)Rushing through some assignments.D)Playing a game of chess with a friend.40.Which of the following could be the best title for this article?

A)Study Habits and Time Management

B)Business Management and Leadership

C)University Education and Campus Life

D)Life Goals and Academic Development Task 2

Directions: This task is the same as Task 1.The 5 questions or unfinished statements are numbered 41 to 45.Welcome to our small business set-up guide, providing all the information you need to start your business on a healthy, solid basis.From choosing the right name for you company and making your first business plan, through to up-to-date taxation(税务)advice, banking and insurance tips, each subject is discussed in the guide.We also look at the vital characteristics you'll need to survive in business.Determination and originality(原创性)are key.Equally, so is the ability to organize your time and to put in the required effort during the early days.As with any new business, success can never be guaranteed, but our aim is to reduce the difficulties involved in setting up a business on your own.We’ll forewarn you of the most common problems, including failure to research your market in sufficient detail and not setting aside enough funds for tougher financial times.Starting up even the smallest business can be challenging.But take comfort in the fact that you are not alone.In fact, of the four million businesses currently in operation in the UK, more than 99.3％ are classified as―small, ‖with fewer than 50 employees.In order to keep this guide as brief as possible, where we’ve not had enough room to include every detail, you’ll find a link taking you to the most relevant(相关的)articles.Good luck with your business idea!

41.This guide is intended to help people to ____.A)cope with an economic crisis

B)start a new small busincess

C)raise funds for a new firm

D)build up public relations

42.What are most important for a business to survive?

A)Banking and insurance services.B)Reaearch and business plannin9.C)Organization and management.D)Determination and originality.43.What does the word―forewarn‖(Line 2, ParA)4)mean?

A)Deal with.B)Argue with.C)Advise beforehand.D)Give instructions to.44.What kind of businesses are regarded as―small‖in the UK?

A)Those with fewer than 50 employees.B)Those with only two or three owners.C)Those with a loan of 99.3％in their capital.D)Those with an output value less than ￡4 million.45.More information about how to start a small business is available by ____.A)contacting the writer in person

B)linking to other relevant articles

C)reading the advertising brochures

D)communicating with other readers Task 3

Print your name in large letters at the top of the page.You don’t have to write―Curriculum Vitae" across the top, as we know what it is, and what we need to know is who you are.Make it as easy as possible for prospective(未来的)employers to talk to you, so include Your address, email, and mobile phone number.If you are posting your CV on a website, then remember basic web security and just use an email address, You do not have to include your home phone, and take care with work numbers and emails.You do not need to give any personal information such as date of birth, marital status, disabilities, health and details of parents or children.There is no need to include a photograph unless it is requested.How to write contact details in your CV

Top of page:-46-your name in large letters

Items:

To be included: 1)-47-

2)-48-

3)mobile phone number

Not to be included: 1)-49-, such as date of birth

2)-50-unless it is requested Task 4

C--Long-term contract D--Sales contract

E--Cash price F--Contract law

G--Fixed price H--Late payment

I--Paying bank J--Port of arrival

K--Prompt shipment L--Cash against delivery

M--Letter of credit N-Advice of delivery

O--Advice note P--Notice of claim

Q--Port of delivery

Examples；(L)交货付款(N)到货通知书

51.()现金价格()销售合同

52.()到达港()供货合同

53.()逾期付款()索赔通知

54.()贸易协定()信用证

55.()固定价格()即期装运 Task 5

N0.：SC-3

Done and signed in Beijing on this 4th day of May 2009

Sellers China National Cereals, Oils&Foodstuffs Corp.Buyers：Canada Food Corp., Vancouver

This Contract is made by and between the Buyers and the Sellers；whereby the Buyers agree to buy and the Sellers agree to sell the under-mentioned commodity according to the terms and conditions stipulated below：

Commodity：Apple Jam, Great Wall Brand

Specifications：In cans of 340 grams

Quantity：1000 cases(each loo cans)

Unit price：US$30.00 per case

Packing：In cases

Insurance：To be effected by the Sellers against All Risks

Time of Shipment：August 2009

Port of Shipment: Chinese Port

Port of Destination: Vancouver,Canada

Shipping Mark: At Seller’s choices

Terms of Payment：By Letter of Credit

56.What is the brand of the Apple Jam?

57.What is the total value of the contract? 58.When will the goods be shipped?

59.What are the terms of payment?

60.Where are the goods to be sent to? Part IV Translation--English into Chinese(25 minutes)

Directions: This part, numbered 61 through 65, is to test your ability to translate English into Chinese.After each of the sentences numbered 61 to 64, you will read four choices of suggested translation.You should choose the best translation and mark the corresponding letter on your Answer Sheet.And for the paragraph numbered 65, write your translation in the corresponding space on the Translation/ Composition Sheet.61.When exporting goods, it is essential to arrange insurance cover in case the goods are lost or damaged in transit.A)为了促进货物出口, 减少货物的丢失或者损坏, 必须发展保险业.B)出口时, 货物基本上都会上保险, 这样货物就避免了丢失或损坏.C)出口货物时必须办理保险, 以防货物在运输过程中丢失或者损坏.D)出口前货物一般都会上保险, 以便在货物遗失或损坏后得到赔偿.62.If we do not receive payment by the end of this month, we will have no alternative but to take legal action.A)如果本月底我们还收不到付款, 我们将会采取除申诉以外的一切行动.B)如果在本月底我们仍未收到货款, 我们别无选择, 只能采取法律行动.C)如果本月底我们还收不到订货, 我们就不得不采取其他办法了.D)如果本月底我们还收不到订购的货物, 我们就不得不拒绝付款.63.Party B has the right to cancel the contract with a written notice to Party A under the following conditions.A)乙方在下述情况下有权以书面通知甲方取消合同.B)乙方有义务在下述条件下通知甲方签定书面合同.C)乙方在下列条件下有权拒绝接受甲方书写的合同.D)乙方在下列情况下才得有权与甲方终止书面合同.64.I have already given instructions for the task to be taken up first and the engineers doing the job to work overtime.A)我已下达指示, 首先要承担这项任务, 并且从事该项工作的工程师们必须加班.B)我已做了说明, 从事该项工作并肯加班的工程人员具有优先权来参与这项任务.C)我已经下达指令, 涉及该项工作的人员应首先接受该项任务, 并且要加班工作.D)我已做了解释, 首先必须有工程师们愿意加班工作才能有可能来完成这项任务.65.Ladies and gentlemen, thank you very much for coming this afternoon.Now I’m going to introduce you to a completely new idea in energy-saving air-conditioning.I will begin by talking about the market research which led to the development of this product.Then I will explain the technical developments of the product, the production and the marketing strategy.Finally I will offer some advice as to how you can make this product

转载自考试大-[233.Com]a success in your market.Part V Writing(25 minutes)Directions: This part is to test your ability to do practical writing.You are required to write a business letter according to the following information given in Chinese.Remember to do the task on the Translation/Composition Sheet.说明：假设你是一个医疗设备公司的经理.你收到一家代理公司经理Peter Smith先生的信.他想了解你公司的情况, 你写信向他介绍并表示希望他能作为你公司的代理.公司简介：

公司名称：广安医疗设备有限公司

成立年份：1980年

公司总部地址：中国神州市

主要产品：医疗测试设备

雇员人数：1000名, 其中120人从事研究与开发

销售市场：大部分产品销往东南亚和南美

注意书信格式!

Words for reference：

医疗测试设备medical testing equipment 总部headquarters

从事engage in 东南亚Southeast Asia

代理agent 参考答案

1-5:BCADA

6-10:ADBAC

11.really good

12.38 hours

13.travel abroad

14.working time

15.eight and nine

16-20:CCBBC

21-25:ACDBB

26.payment

27.were interviewed

28.conducted

29.growth

30.has doubled

31.responsibility

32.injured

33.to accept

34.quickly

35.most practical

36-40:BCBBA

41-45:BDCAB

46.print

47.your address

48.email

49.personal information

50.a photograph

51.ED 52.JA 53.HP 54.BM 55.GK

56.Great wall

57.$30,000

58.August 2009

59.Letter of Credit

60.Vancouver, Canada

61.CBDA

62.BACD

63.ADCB

64.BADC

65.ACDB

女士们先生们，非常直谢您今天下午的光临。现在，我将向您介绍一个在节能空调方面的全新理念。首先我要谈论一项市场调查，该调查促使了本产品的开发，然后我会向大家解释这一产品的技术开发、产品生产以及市场营销策略。最后，我将向您提供一些关于如何使该产品在贵方市场成功的建议。

参考范文：

Thank you for your letter of June 19th and your interest in our company.Our company, Guang'an Medical Equipment Co.Ltd., was founded in 1980.We are located in Shenzhou, China.We mainly manufacture medical testing equipments.And we have 1,000 employees in our company, 120 of whom are engaged in research and product development.Our products are mainly exported to Southeast Asia and South America.It would be our qreat honor to have you as the agent of our products.Your early reply will be well appreciated.Sincerely yours，Wang Wei Manager of

Guang’an Medical Equipment Co.Ltd.2009年12月A Part II Vocabulary & Structure(15 minutes)

Section A

A)treat

B)influence

C)ask

D)change

17．Please give us the reason ____ the goods were delayeD)

A)why

B)which

C)what

D)how

18．Peter will ____ the job as Sales Manager when John retires．

A)put away

B)take over

C)work out

D)make up

19．There is no doubt ____ he is a good employee．

A)as

B)who

C)that

D)whats

20．I feel it’s a great honor for me _____ to this party.A)to invite

B)invite

C)having invited

D)to be invited

21．Don’t _____ me to help you if you are not working harD)

A)guess

B)speak

C)plan

D)expect

22．It was two years ago _____ his sister became a doctor．

A)that

B)where

C)who

D)what

23．The general manager has promised to _____ the matter in person．

A)get up

B)look into

C)see off

D)put on

24．If you move，you must inform us _____ the change of you adderss.A)with

B)for

C)in

D)of

25．_____ his lecture is short，it gives us a clear picture of the new program．

A)If

B)Because

C.Although

D)When 来源:考试大-国家英语三级考试站 Section B

27．The goods that you ordered ten days ago will(deliver)_____ to you tomorrow．

28．Gas prices are(high)_____ here than in other parts of the country．

29．The past decade has seen great economic(develop)_____ in this country.30．If the engineer(come)_____ here yesterday，the problem would have been solved.31．While this new law does not(direct)_____ affect the quality of work，it will greatly benefit employees．

32．Now many young people spend several hours a day(talk)_____ on a mobile phone.33．In China，it is quite(nature)_____ for people to go back home for the Spring Festival.34．The manager was surprised at the news when he(receive)_____ the phone call yesterday．

35．Advances in medical technology have made it possible for people(live)_____ longer．

Part III Reading Comprehension(40 minutes)

Directions: This part is to test your reading ability.There are 5 tasks for you to fulfill.You should read the reading materials carefully and do the tasks as you are instructed.Task 1

One major benefit of online advertising is the immediate spread of information that is not limited by geography or time．Online advertising can be viewed day and night throughout the worlD)Besides，it reduces the cost and increases the profit of the company．

Small businesses especially find online advertising cheap and effective．They can focus on their ideal customers and pay very little for the advertisements．

In a word，online advertising is a cheap and effective way of advertising，whose success has so far fully proved its great potential(潜力)．

36．According to the first paragraph，buying things online is more ____ ．

A)convenient

B)fashionable

C)traditional

D)reliable

37．Compared with any other way of advertising，online advertising ____ ．

A)attracts more customers

B)displays more samples

C)offers more services

D)makes more profits

38．Which of the following statements is TRUE of online advertising?

A)It has taken the place of traditional advertising．

B)It will make the Internet technology more efficient．

C)It can help sell the latest models of digitalized products．

D)It can spread information without being limited by time．

39．Who can especially benefit from online advertising?

A)Local companies．

B)Small businesses．

C)Government departments．

D)International organizations．

40．This passage is mainly about ____ ．

A)the function and the use of the Internet

B)the application of digital technology

C)the development of small businesses D)the advantages of online advertising 来源:考试大-国家英语三级考试站 Task 2

Directions: This task is the same as Task 1.The 5 questions or unfinished statements are numbered 41 to 45.During our more than 60-year history，with our vast knowledge and experience，Trafalgar has created perfectly designed travel experiences and memories．

Exceptional value

Traveling with Trafalgar can save you up t0 40％when compared with traveling independently．We can find you the right hotels，restaurants，and our charges include entrance fees，tolls(道路通行费)，etC)Because we’re the largest touring company with great buying power，we can pass on our savings to you．

Fast-track entrance

Traveling with us means on standing in line(排队)at major sights．Trafalgar takes care of all the little details，which means you are always at the front of the line．

Travel with like-minded friends

Because we truly are global，you will travel with English-speaking people from around the world，and that leads to life-long friendships．

Great savings

We provide many great ways to save money，including Early Payment Discount(折扣)，Frequent Traveler Savings and more.Fast check-in

Once your booking has been made，you are advised to check in online at our website and meet your fellow travelers before you leave．

41．Because of its great buying power，Trafalgar ____ ．

A)can find the cheapest restaurants

B)can pass on its savings to tourists

C)takes tourists to anywhere in the world D)allows tourists to travel independently

42．Traveling with Trafalgar，tourists do not have to ____ ．

A)bring their passports with them

B)pay for their hotels and meals

C)stand in line at major sights

D)take their luggage with them

43．Traveling with Trafalgar，tourists may ____ ．

A)meet tour guides from different countries B)make new friends from around the world

C)win a special prize offered by the company

D)have a good chance to learn foreign languages

44．Which of the following is mentioned as a way to earn a discount?

A)Early payment．

B)Group payment．

C)Office booking．

D)Online booking．

45．After having made the booking，tourists are advised to check in ____ ．

A)at the hotels

B)at the airport

C)by telephone

D)on the website 来源:

Task 3

Directions: The following is an advertisement.After reading it, you should complete the information by filling in the blanks marked 46 to 50(in no more than 3 words)in the

table below.Dear Sirs，I’m writing to tell you that your latest shipment(装运)of apples is not up to the standard we expected from you．Many of them are bruised(擦伤)，and more than half are coved with little spots.They are classed as Grade A, but I think there must have been some mistake，as they are definitely not Grade A apples.We have always been satisfied with the quality of your produce(农产品)，which makes this case all the more puzzling．I would be grateful if you could look into the matter．We would be happy to keep the apples and try to sell them at a reduced price，but in that case we would obviously need a credit(部分退款)from you．Alternatively，you could collect them and replace them with apples of the right quality．Would you please phone me to let me know how you want to handle it?

Yours faithfully，Fiona Stockton

Fiona Stockton

Purchasing Manager

A letter of Complaint

Produce involed:Grade A-46-.Causes of complaint:

1.may of the apples are bruised 2.more than half of the apples are covered with-47-Suggested solutions:

1.allow to sell at-48-and give-49-, or

2.collect them and replace them with apples of-50-.来源:考试 Task 4

Directions: The following is a list of terms related to employment.After reading it, you are required to find the items equivalent to(与…等同)those given in Chinese in the table below.Then you should put the corresponding letters in the brackets on the Answer Sheet, numbered 51 through 55.A—Guard against damp． B--Handle with care.C—Keep away from heat． D—Keep away from cold.E—Keep dry． F—Keep fiat．

G—No naked fire． H—No use of hooks．

I—Not to be thrown down． J—Open here．

K—Open in dark room． L—Protect against breakage．

M—Poison． N—Take care．

O一This side up． P—To be kept upright．

Q—Use no knives．

Examples：(G)严禁明火(H)禁用吊钩

51．()远离热源()请勿用刀

52．()此面朝上()此处开启

53．()竖立安放()暗室开启

54．()小心轻放()注意平放

55．()不可抛掷()保持干燥来源:考试大-国家英Task 5

Directions: Here are two letters.After reading them, you are required to complete the answers that follow the questions(No.56 to No.60).You should write your answers(in no more than 3 words)on the Answer Sheet correspondingly.Dear Mr．Sampson：

I want to thank you very much for interviewing me yesterday for the position of design engineer.I enjoyed meeting with you and learning more about your research and design work.The interview made me all the more interested in the position and working for XELL Company.I believe my education and work experiences fit nicely with the job requirements，and I am certain I could make a significant contribution(贡献)to the company over time．

I would like to re-emphasize my strong desire for the position and working with you and your staff．You provide the kind of opportunity I seek．Please feel free to call me at the following phone number if I can provide you with any additional information：0811-8222-5555．

Again，thank you for the interview and for your consideration．

Sincerely，Mary Cruz

56．Why did Mary Cruz write this letter?

To give thanks to Mr.Sampson for ________________________ her yesterday．

57．What position did Mary Cruz apply for?

The position of ____________________________________________________ ．

58．Which company did the writer wish to work for?

59．Why is the writer strongly interested in the position?

Because the company provided the kind of ___________________ she seeks．

60．How can the writer be contacted?

By calling her at ___________________________________________________ 语英Part IV Translation —— English into Chinese(25 minutes)

Directions: This part, numbered 61 to 65, is to test your ability to translate English into Chinese.Each of the four sentences(No.61 to No.64)is followed by four choices of suggested translation marked A), B), C)and D).Make the best choice and write the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.Write your translation of the paragraph(No.65)in the corresponding space on the Translation/Composition Sheet.61.If your company insists on your price，we will have to turn to other suppliers for the goods．

A)假如贵公司要调整价格，请及早告知我们，以便另做安排.B)假如贵公司提高价格，我们不得不从其他地方另寻货源.C)如果贵公司不给折扣价，我们不得不采用其他方式购货.D)如果贵公司坚持你方报价，我方只能找其他供应商进货.62.First of all，I appreciate your advice on my decision to go to work in the computer company.A)我首先感谢你们的决定，让我到这家电脑公司来工作.B)我首先感谢你的建议，我已经决定去一家电脑公司工作了.C)首先，很高兴到贵公司来听取你们在计算机方面的意见.D)首先，感谢你对我决定去那家电脑公司工作所给予的建议.63.Many good movies have been produced recently，but I still prefer to watch old movies because they are more interesting．

A)人们对电影是有兴趣的，特别是对老片子，所以我主张放映老片子.B)近来拍了很多好的影片，既古老又饶有趣味，我觉得人人都喜欢看.C)近来制作了很多好影片，但是我还是喜欢老片，因为老片更有趣.D)很多好的影片是最近拍的，但我依然觉得过去拍的影片很有意思.64.If the new payment methods make it easier for consumers to pay．could they make it easier for criminals too?

A.如果这些新的付款方式更便于消费者付款，是否对罪犯也更方便呢?

B)如果新的购物方式更容易使消费者满意，难到对罪犯不也是如此吗?

C)如果新的购物方式更方便了顾客，不也就更容易使人犯罪吗?

D)如果新的付款办法便于人们消费，不也就更易于犯罪了吗?

65．Now people have a choice about where they work and what kind of work they’II do．They are faced with the challenge of deciding where to go．They need to know what standard to use in making their decisions．This book provides them with practical advice for making their choices．Meanwhile，they will know what questions to ask，what jobs to look for，and how to make their final decisions．

2009年12月B Part II Structure(15 minutes)

Directions: This part is to test your ability to construct grammatically correct sentences.It consists of 2 sections.Section A

Directions: In this section, there are 10 incomplete sentences.You are required to complete each one by deciding on the most appropriate word or words from the 4 choices marked A), B), C)and D).Then you should mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.16.By the end of this year Mr.Smith ________in our company for exactly three years.A)is working

B)has worked

C)will work

D)will have worked

17.I think that the Great Wall is worth ____________hundreds of miles to visit.A)to travel

B)traveling

C)traveled

D)travel

18.The new staff didn’t know how to use the system _________ I explained it to him yesterday.A)until

B)because

C)if

D)since

19._____________is reported in the newspapers that the talks between the two companies have not made any progress.A)That

B)What

C)It

D)As

20.__________by the failure of the project，the manager could hardly say a word.A)To be shocked

B)Shocked

C)Be shocked

D)Shocking 21.The first question we now discuss is _______ early tomorrow.A)whether

B)where

C)what

D)whom

22.He was attending a meeting, ________he would have come to your party yesterday.A)unless

B)when

C)but

D)or

23.Enclosed you ________an application form that you are asked to fill out.A)will find

B)find

C)found

D)are finding

24.The auto industry spends large amounts of money on marketing campaigns _________young adult customers.A)attract

B)attracted

C)to attract

D)attracts

25.The advertising company recently hired a designer ____________had once won a prize in a national contest.A)whose

B)which

C)whom

D)who

Section B

Directions: There are 10 incomplete statements here.You should fill in each blank with the proper form of the word given in brackets.Write the word or words in the corresponding space on the Answer Sheet.26.Your daughter is(luck)______enough to have large company.27.After an(introduce)______by the chairperson，we’11 go on with the day’s discussion.28.We must keep the manager(inform)___________of the advertising campaign.29.It is suggested that the president of the Union(make)_______a speech on behalf of all the workers.30.Having been badly damaged by the earthquake，the city has to be(rebuild)_______.31.She described the ancient city in detail because she(live)_________there for years.32.The new university graduate is confident of(win)________the post as the assistant to the managing director.33.Successful companies concentrate(much)_______on selling their products to their existing customers than to their new ones.34.The local economy depends(heavy)________on the goods.35.With such a short time(leave)______,it’s impossible for US to finish this complicated experiment.答案：16-20:DBACB 21-25:ADACD

26.lucky 27.introduction 28.informed 29.make 30.rebuilt 31.had lived

32.winning 33.more 34.heavily 35.left 来源:考试大-国家英语三级考试站 Part III Reading Comprehension(40 minutes)

Directions: This part is to test your reading ability.There are 5 tasks for you to fulfill.You should read the reading materials carefully and do the tasks as you are instructed.Task 1

Directions: After reading the following passage, you will find 5 questions or unfinished statements, numbered 36 to 40.For each question or statement there are 4 choices marked A), B), C)and D).You should make the correct choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.An ebook(also referred to as an electronic book，eBook，or e-book)is a digital version(版本)of a print book that you download and read.But if you want to read an ebook, you must have an Ebook Reader, which is a kind of free software used by your computer.Make sure you have installed the appropriate Reader before you download your ebook from the Internet.The software allows you to turn the words on the screen into the size you like.It also helps you turn pages and change your viewing options(计算机屏幕上的阅读选择).Ebooks are a fun alternative to regular books.You can download them to any computers and create your own library of hundreds of titles.If you load them onto your portable computer，you can take them with you when you travel.Some ebooks are even interactive!Best of all，when you order an ebook，there is no waiting and no shipping charges.The amount of time it takes to download your ebook depends on the speed of your connection and the size of your ebook.36.From this passage，we learn that an ebook___________.A)can be found in any library

B)can be read directly from the Internet

C)can be read by any one who has a computer

D)can be read when special software is installed

37.The Ebook Reader is used for___________.A)reading an ebook you’ve downloaded

B)turning a print book into a digital version

C)downloading an ebook from the Internet

D)copying an ebook onto a portable computer

38.From this passage，we can learn that______________.A)you can read an ebook on a laptop when you travel

B)you Can order an ebook using the Ebook Reader

C)the ebooks ordered have to be shipped to you

D)it takes a lot of trouble reading an ebook

39.Which of the following statements is TRUE?

A)An ebook is ordered in print book is.B)The size of the words in an ebook cannot be changed.C)The downloading time is decided by the ebook’s size.D)There is less fun reading an ebook than a print book.40.The passage is mainly about_______________.A)a better way to download an Ebook

B)a new kind of book—the Ebooks

C)the new version of Ebooks

D)the fun of reading Ebooks

Task 2

Directions: This task is the same as Task 1.The 5 questions or unfinished statements are numbered 41 to 45.Check-in Requirements

Passengers and their baggage must be checked in at least 45 minutes before departure for domestic flights and 60 minutes for international flights.Government-issued photo identification is required for all passengers.Passengers traveling across any international boundary(边界)are responsible for obtaining all necessary travel documents.Passengers may be denied boarding if travel documents are not in order.When check-in requirements are not met，a passenger may be separated from his／her bag.Frontier Airlines will gladly hold the bag in the destination baggage service office for pick-up at the passenger’s convenience.Passengers must be at the gate 20 minutes before departure for boarding.Free Baggage Allowance for Each Ticketed Passenger

Frontier Airlines，Inc.will accept，per ticketed passenger，two free checked bags not to exceed 62 inches and 50 pounds per piece—one carry—on bag and one personal item(purse，laptop，etc.).NOTE：A ticketed passenger may check one carry-on bag if it is within established limitations.All carry-on items must be put under a a shared overhead compartment(行李舱).Excessive(超重)Baggage Charges

An excess charge will be made for each piece of baggage over the free allowance and for each piece of oversized or over-weight baggage.41.An international flight passenger should check in at least____________.A)20 minutes before departure

B)30 minutes before departure

C)45 minutes before departure

D)60 minutes before departure

42.What is required of all domestic and international passengers for check-in?

A)An invitation letter.B)A company’s job offer。

C)An official photo identification.D)An official immigration permit.43.How much baggage is a ticketed passenger allowed free of charge?

A)One piece.B)Two pieces.C)Three pieces.D)Four pieces.44.What will passengers have to do if their baggage is over the free allowance?

A)To pay extra money.B)To carry it themselves.C)To ask for special permit.D)To drop the excessive item.45.This passage is probably taken from_________.A)an advertisement of an airline

B)a notice for airline passengers

C)a schedule of an international flight

D)an introduction to an airline company

答案：36-40:DAACB 41-45:DCBAB 来源:考试大-国家英Task 3

Directions: After reading the following passage, you are required to complete the outline below it(No.46 to No.50).You should write your answers briefly(in no more than three words)on the Answer Sheet correspondingly.Sakura Scholarships offer students the opportunity of taking part in a three-month Japanese language course in the city of Kyoto.The scholarship covers free accommodation，meals and tuition.Return air fares between their country of residence and Osaka are paid，and $l，000 pocket money is also provided.To apply for one of these Scholarships，you should write a letter of about 300 words, describing your own educational career so far，and giving reasons education would benefit from participation in the Sakura Scholarship Scheme.The closing date for application is February l，2009.Applicants who have been selected for the short list(人选名单)will receive the notice by March 31.The final selection will be made on the basis of interviews held during May.Applications are open to all students，regardless of age, sex or nationality，and are also open to people who are not currently full-time students.Please apply to Ms.Kyoto Matsumoto，Sakura Scholarship Scheme，Sakura Trading Co, 200 East Avenue, London E97PS.Sakura Scholarships

Course offered：Japanese language

Items covered:

1.accommodation，meals and-46-

2.-47-air fares

3.$l,000-48-

Content of application letter:

1.describing the applicant’s-49-so far

2.giving reasons for taking the course

Deadline for application：-50-

答案：46.tuition 47.return 48.pocket money 49.own educational career 50.February 1,2009

Task 4

Directions: The following is a list of airport items.After reading it, you are required to find the items equivalent to(与…等同)those given in Chinese in the table below.Then you should put the corresponding letters in the brackets on the Answer Sheet, numbered 51 through 55.A—assembly line

J—safety boots

B—packer

K—shipping clerk

C—forklift

L—time card

D—explosive materials

M—warehouse

E—fire extinguisher

N—hard hat

F—loading dock

O—earplug

G—machine operator

P—hand truck

H—electrical hazard

Q—safety earmuffs

I—conveyor belt

Examples：(F)装载码头(K)运务员

51.()易爆材料()安全耳罩

52.()]二时卡()安全靴

53.()装配线()灭火器

54.()安全帽()手推车

55.()机器操作员()输送带

答案：51.D, 52.L,J 53.A,E 54.N,P 55.G,I

Task 5

Directions: The following is part of an introduction to life insurance.After reading it, you should give brief answers to the 5 questions(No.56 to No.60)that follow.The answers(in no more than 3 words)should be written after the corresponding numbers on the Answer Sheet.Dear Ms.Pascal，I would appreciate very much an opportunity to meet with you and demonstrate how my unique experience and education could be of particular advantage to your company’s future growth.My practice last summer at Pascal Business Systems helped me focus on my academic and career goals.My fourteen weeks with your company involved sales support activities including preparing brochures and catalogs，coordinating trade shows，providing data and information to salespeople in the field，and interacting with customers.During the past two semesters I have concentrated on developing my electronic publishing and business communication skills.I am confident that I Can improve the ways in which Pascal Business Systems provides support for field marketing representatives.This would include designing and maintaining an online catalog which could be coordinated with current inventories(库存清单).I am available for an interview at your convenience and look forward to an opportunity to discuss ways to improve operations and communications with field locations and sales.Thank you for your kind consideration.Sincerely，Lourdes Santiago

56.How long did Lourdes Santiago work at Pascal Business System?

57.What activities was he involved in when he had his practice in the company?

A whole variety of____________________________.58.What special skills did Lourdes Santiago develop during the past two semesters?

He developed electronic publishing and_________________________

59.What could he do to help support the field marketing representatives?

By designing and maintaining__________________________

60.What is ?

Lourdes Santiago writes the letter to ask for__________________________.答案：56.Fourteen weeks 57.sales support activities 58.bussiness communication skills 59.an online catalog

60.an interview 来源:考试大-国家英语三级考试站 Part IV Translation--English into Chinese(25 minutes)

B)只有在干燥通风的场所才能使电子仪器持续运转。

C)为了安全起见，本电器设备只有安装在通风阴凉处才能确保其正常运行。

D)为了安全起见，本电器装置只有正确安装在干燥阴凉的基座上才能运行。

62.Not only does asking questions at a meeting involve you in discussions，it is also a good way to demonstrate your professional knowledge.A)会上提问不仅能使你参与到讨论中，而且还是一种展示你专业知识的好方法。

B)会上提问不仅可以讨论你所提出的问题，而且还可以很好地利用你的专业知识。

C)提问题不仅能使会议讨论你所关注的问题，还是一种表现你专业技能的好途径。

D)在会上不仅要提问还要参与讨论，这是提高你自己专业技能的一种有效方法。

63.People feel that the interdependence of nations，SO long talked about by statesmen，is today more than ever a reality.A)人们感到，一直都在谈论的国家的独立，今天比以往任何要。

B)人们感到，政治家长期谈论的国家间的相互依存，现在比任何时候都更为实在。

C)人们感到，许多国家以前一直关心的独立问题，现在比以前任何时候都更加现实。

D)人们感到，政治家以前认为国家之间要互相依赖，今天显得比以往更加现实了。

64.The purchaser will not be responsible in connection with the packing or delivery of the above goods.A)卖主并非没有责任解决上述货物在包装和运输方面出现的问题。

B)对于上述货物的包装和运输有关费用的任何事宜卖主概不负责。

C)以上货物在包装和运输方面所产生的有关费用买主均不予过问。

D)买主概不承担与上述货物的包装和运输有关的任何成本或费用。

65.The city government recognizes that citizens have certain new needs.To better meet your needs, we have made several changes in community facilities in 2009.Three stations for the suburbs have been added to the western train service.Broadband(宽带)cable parts of the city.5,000 new books were bought for the City Library.Some new facilities at the city hospitals have been installed.Next year, we will try our best to make your life even better.答案：61-64:DABD 65:市政府意识到居民有新的需求。为了更好地满足您的需求，我们于2009年已添加了新的社区设施。西去郊区的火车站已经增加了三站；现在城市的各个角落都设有宽带网；市图书馆购进5，000本新书；市医院安装了新的医疗设备。明年我们将尽力使您的生活更美好。-国家英语三级考试站

2008年6月B Part II —— Vocabulary & Structure

Section A

Directions: There are 10 incomplete statements here.You are required to complete each statement by choosing the appropriate answer from the 4 choices marked A), B), C)and D).You should mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.16.Please keep a detailed ________ of the work that you have done.A)paper

B)idea

C)exercise

D)record

17.________ our great surprise, speak four foreign languages.A)Of

B)In

C)To

D)For

18.The department manager ________ a new plan to promote sales at the meeting.A)took away

B)put forward

C)looked after

D)got on

19.What he told me to do was ________ I should get fully prepared before the interview.A)what

B)if

C)which

D)that

20.When dealing with a ________ task, Alice always asks for help from people around her.A)difficult

B)wonderful

C)funny

D)simple

21.Location is the first thing customers consider when ________ to buy a house.A)planning

B)planned

C)to plan

D)having planned

22.Soft drink sales in this city have ________ by 8% compared with last year.A)picked

B)moved

C)increased

D)pushed

23.If I hadn’t attended an important meeting yesterday, I ________ to see you.A)will have come

B)would have come

C)have come

D)had come

24.To obtain a visa to enter that country for the first time, you need to apply ________.A)in part

B)in person

C)in turn

D)in place

25.car was put into production in 2007, ________ helped to provide another 1400 jobs.A)that

B)when

C)what

D)which

Section B

Directions: There are also 10 incomplete statements here.You should fill in each blank with the proper form of the word given in brackets.Write the word or words in the corresponding space on the Answer Sheet.26.My impression is that the sales of this company have(great)________ increased this year.27.This picture(take)________ by a young reporter in Beijing last month.28.Tom has made the(decide)________ to apply for a job in the company.29.No reader is allowed(take)_________ any reference book out of the reading room.30.Although you may not(success)________ in the beginning, you should keep on trying.31.Because light travels(fast)________ than sound, lightning is seen before thunder(雷)is heard.32.The doctor recommended that Mary(start)________ the health program as soon as possible.33.It took me several weeks to get used to(drive)________ on the left side of the road in London.34.This medicine is highly(effect)_______ in treating skin cancer if it is applied early enough.35.Now who are working at home on the Internet(be)________ still very small.答案：16-20:DCBDA 21-25:ACBBD

26.greatly 27.was taken 28.decision 29.to take 30.succeed

31.faster 32.(should)start 33.driving 34.effective 35.is 来源:考Part III Reading Comprehension

Directions: This part is to test your reading ability.There are 5 tasks for you to fulfill.You should read the reading materials carefully and do the tasks as you are instructed.Task 1

Mark trouble spots with bright tapes.The first and last steps on stairs are usually high-risk accident areas.Applying bright tapes and using bright light in these areas would make these spots easier to see.Put grab bars(扶手)in the bathroom.A large number of falls occur in the bathroom.This is unfortunate(不幸的)because it’s easy to make the area safe from accidents.Putting grab bars in the bathroom gives people something to hang on to.Invest in a personal alarm.A personal alarm can be started if a person falls or otherwise gets in trouble.With the push of a button, the alarm automatically sends a signal, which gets someone to call and see if the person needs help.36.By making some very simple changes at home, old people ________.A)are free from home accidents

B)can improve their health

C)are likely to live longer

D)can live more safely

37.Last steps on stairs may become a high-risk accident area if they are ________.A)not painted in a different color

B)not marked with bright tapes

C)fixed with grab bars

D)very brightly lit

38.Falls in the bathroom are considered to be unfortunate because ________.A)they can easily be avoided

B)old people seldom fall in bathrooms

C)grab bars do not help to prevent falls

D)bathroom accidents are difficult to prevent

39.A personal alarm is designed for old people to ________.A)detect safety conditions at home

B)avoid falls in the bathroom

C)send out signals for help

D)make phone calls easily

40.The purpose of this passage is to tell people that ________.A)most old people die from accidents at home

B)up to half of home accidents could be prevented

C)falls at home can be avoided by taking some simple measures

D)protection be the first concern for the public

Task 2

Directions: This task is the same as Task 1.The 5 questions or unfinished statements are numbered 41 to 45.We have created a special rate that will let you travel actually thousands of miles on your vacation at no extra cost.In most of our US and Canadian offices, we’ll rent you cars of high quality for seven days for $99.You can drive as far as you like without paying us a penny over the $99 as long as you return the car to the city from which you rented it.Insurance(保险)is included, gas is not.If you rent the car in Florida or in California, the rate is the same, but you can return the car to any city in the state.If you’d like some suggestions on what to do with the car once you’ve got it, we have driving and touring guides for almost every part of the country.No matter which rate you choose, the company comes at no extra cost.You don’t just rent a car.You rent a company!

41.According to the advertisement, $99 is the rate offered for ________.A)traveling a limited distance

B)renting a car for seven days

C)hiring a driving guide

D)driving within a state

42.Which of the the car-renting rate?

A)Gas used.B)Car repairs.C)The hotel charge.D)Insurance fee.43.The car-renting rate remains $99 if you ________.A)return the car to where you rent it

B)drive within the same city

C)buy the insurance

D)pay for the gas

44.The last sentence of the passage ―You rent a company‖ means that ________.A)you have to be responsible for the company

B)you should obey the rules set by the company

C)you can enjoy all-round services of this company

D)you may choose the best car from the company

45.The purpose of the passage is to advertise ________.A)car-renting services in the US

B)a special rate of car-renting

C)the advantages of car-renting

D)a US car-renting company

答案：36-40:DBACC 41-45:BDACBTask 3

Directions: The following is a job application letter.After reading it, you should complete the information by filling in the blanks marked 46 through 50 in no more than 3 words in the table below.Dear Ms.Rennick:

Professor Saul Wilder, an adviser to your firm, has informed me that your company is looking for someone with excellent communication skills, organizational experience, and leadership background for a management position.I believe that my enclosed résumé will show that I have the qualifications(资历)and experience you seek.In addition, I’d like to mention how my work experience as a sales manager last summer makes me a particularly position.I would be grateful if you can offer me an opportunity for an interview with you.If you are interested, please contact me at(317)555-0118 any time before 11:00 a.m., or feel free to leave a message.I look forward to meeting with you to discuss the ways my skills may best serve your company.Sincerely yours，Richard Smith

An Application Letter

Applicant: Richard Smith

Position applied for: a-46-position

Qualifications required for the position:

1.excellent-47-

2.organizational experience

3.-48-background

Work experience(last summer): as-49-

Contact number:-50-

Enclosure: résumé

答案：46.management 47.communication skills 48.leadership 49.a sales manager 50.(317)555-0118

Task 4

Directions: The following is a list of terms used in the waybill(详情单)of the Express Mail Service.After reading it, you are required to find the items equivalent to(与…等同)those given in Chinese in the table below.Then you should put the corresponding letters in the brackets on the Answer Sheet, numbered 51 through 55.A —— original office

B —— accepted date

C —— posting stamp

D —— delivery stamp

E —— company name

F —— sender’s address

G —— customer code

H —— document

I —— parcel

J —— name of contents

K —— insurance amount

L —— sender’s signature

M —— postal code BGZG – pa--8

N —— insurance fee

O —— total charge

P —— receiver’s signature

Q —— remark

Examples:(D)投递日戳(L)交寄人签名

51.()费用总计()收寄日期

52.()文件资料()邮嗦?br>53.()用户代码()收件人签名

54.()内件品名()发件人地址

55.()收寄日戳()单位名称

答案:51.O,B 52.H,M 53.G,P 54.J,F 55.C,E

Task 5

Directions: The following is a set of instructions about how to use washing machines.After reading it, you are required to complete the statements that follow the questions(No.56 to No.60).You should write your answers in no more than 3 words on the corresponding Answer Sheet.To effectively , you must complete four steps carefully: loading(装载)the clothes, pouring in the detergent(洗涤剂), adjusting the water temperature, and putting in the coins.First, throw clothes of similar color into the machine;for example, whites, colored clothes, and towels should be washed separately.While completing this step, you must be careful not to overload the machine.Second, you should read the directions on your detergent box to find out the correct amount for your particular load.Next, select one of three possible water temperatures: hot, warm, or cold.Generally, hot temperature is used for white clothes, warm temperature for light colored clothes, and cold temperature for dark or brightly colored clothes.Finally, after closing the door of the washing machine, put in the proper amount of money.In summary, by following these simple directions, the washer will give you a clean load of wet clothes.56.Why should you follow the directions carefully when using the machine?

To use the washing machine ___________________________.57.What is the first step for using the machine to wash your clothes?

To throw the clothes of __________________ into the machine.58.Where amount of the detergent to be used?

59.What temperature is recommended for washing light colored clothes?

60.When should you put in the money?

After ___________________________ of the washing machine.答案：56.effectively 57.similar color 58.your detergent box 59.warm temperature 60.closing the dooPart IV Translation--English into Chinese

Directions: This part, numbered 61 to 65, is to test your ability to translate English into Chinese.Each of the four sentences(N0.61 to No.64)is followed by four choices of suggested translation marked A), B), C)and D).Make the best choice and write the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.Write your translation of the paragraph(No.65)in the corresponding space on the Translation/Composition Sheet.61.Two assistants reporters’ names when they arrive at the press conference.A)两位助手要求记者在到达新闻发布会时通报他们的姓名。

B)两位助手到达新闻发布会时被记者要求通报他们的姓名。

C)有两位助手检查记者的姓名并通告他们新闻发布会的时间。

D)要有两位助手在记者到达新闻发布会时核对他们的姓名。

62.A guest paying full fare can invite another guest to join the tour at half price.A)支付全额费用的客人，参加旅游，按半价付费。

B)支付全额费用的客人，每位需要再邀请一位客人参加旅游，按半价收费。

C)每位按半价付费参加旅游的客人，必须再找到一位全额付费的客人参加。

D)支付全额费用的客人，如邀请另外一位客人参加旅游，可退还一半费用。

63.Congratulations on purchasing C800 Coffee Maker, which is suitable for home use.A)我公司隆重推出C800型家用咖啡壶，欢迎各界人士惠顾。

B)您从我公司购买了最新款的C800型家用咖啡壶，值得祝贺。

C)恭喜您购买本公司C800型咖啡壶，此款咖啡壶适合居家使用。

D)您购买的咖啡壶是我公司最新产品 — C800家用型，特此致谢。

64.Last month I booked a double room in the name of Mr.Brown for a week from the 14th, January.A)上个月一间双人房，为期一周，从1月14日起算。

B）上个月14日我为布朗先生预订了一间房间，到现在已有一周时间了。

C）上个月我为布朗先生预订了一个双人间，到1月14日止刚好为期一周。

D）上个月，布朗先生为我预订了两个房间，到1月14日为止，共一周时间。

65.Thank you for choosing our restaurant during your visit to London.Services to guests of the restaurant are a large part of our tasks, and we are grateful for the opportunity to serve you.We would like to invite your comments on our performance and to learn from your experiences.Please take a few moments to complete our customer we may serve you better in the future.答案：61-64:DACA 65:感谢您在访问伦敦期间选择我们的餐厅就餐。服务客人是我们的主要工作，我们感谢您给了我们机会为您提供服务。我们希望您对我们的服务提出宝贵意见，我们会从中学习。请抽出几分钟时间来填写反馈信息表，以便我们将来可以更好的为您服务。

第三篇：近五年中考语文古文试题

近五年中考试题汇编

2015年

（2015·德州市）阅读下文，回答问题。（13分）

[甲]山川之美，古来共谈。高峰入云，清澈见底。两岸石壁，五色交辉。青林翠竹，四时俱备。晓雾将歇，猿鸟乱鸣；夕阳欲颓，沉鳞竞跃。实是欲界之仙都。自康乐以来，未复．有能与其奇者。．

—— 陶弘景《答谢中书书》

[乙]夜登华子岗，辋水沦涟，与月上下。寒山远火，明灭林外。深巷寒犬，吠声如豹。．．村墟夜舂，复与疏钟相间。此时独坐，僮仆静默，多思曩昔携手赋诗，步仄径，临清流也。．当待春中，草木蔓发，春山可望，轻鲦出水，白鸥矫翼，露湿青皋，麦陇朝（句隹）。斯之不远，倘能从我游乎？非子天机清妙者，岂能以此不急之务相邀？然是中有深趣也。．．

——王维《山中与裴秀才迪书》（节选）

1.下面句子中加点词与“夜登华子岗”中的“夜”用法不同的一项是（）（2分）A.上使外将兵 B.其一犬坐于前．．C.腰白玉之环 D.日扳仲永环谒于邑人。．．2.下列各组句子中加点词的意义相同的一项是（）（2分）A.①实是欲界之仙都。②然是中有深趣也。．．B.①未复有能与其奇者。②与月上下。．．C.①复与疏钟相间。②肉食者谋之又何间焉。．．D.①倘能从我游乎？ ②请从吏夜归。．．3.把文中加横线的句子翻译成现代汉语。（4分）（1）夕阳欲颓，沉鳞竞跃。

（2）非子天机清妙者，岂能以此不急之务相邀？

4.甲文中的“猿鸟乱鸣”和乙文中的“吠声如豹”都是写声音描写，其作用有何不同？（2分）5.甲、乙两文都是写给朋友的书信，分别表达了作者怎样的愿望？（3分）

答案： 1.C 2.D 3.（1）夕阳要落山了，潜游的鱼儿争相跳出水面。（2）如果你不是这样天性清新高雅的人，我哪能用这不打紧的事务（游山玩水的闲事）相邀呢？ 4.示例：“猿鸟乱鸣”使景色灵动，充满生机活力；“吠声如豹”以动写静，衬托了冬夜的空旷寂静。

5.示例：甲文和朋友分享对山川之美的热爱和隐逸情怀；乙文邀请朋友来山中同游，委婉希望他淡泊名利，回归自然。

（2015·沈阳市）

阅读选文，完成1-4题。（16分）【甲】

山川之美，古来共谈。高峰入云，清流见底。两岸石壁，五色交辉。青林翠竹，四时俱

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备。晓雾将歇，猿鸟乱鸣；夕日欲颓，沉鳞竞跃。真是就界之仙都。自康乐以来，来复有能与其奇者。

【乙】

①印度之人，随地称国，语其所美，谓之印度。若其封疆之域，可得而言。五印度之境，周九万余里。三垂大海，北背雪山。北广南狭，形如半月。画野区分，七十余国。时特暑热，②③④地多泉湿。北乃山阜隐轸，丘陵舄卤；东则川野沃润畴陇膏腴南方草木荣茂。西方土地硗⑤确…。斯大概也，可略言焉。

（选自《大唐西域记》，有删节）

【注释】①五印度．指当时印度分为东、西、南、北、中五个部分。②山阜（fù）隐轸【zhěn] 很多高山。③丘陵舄（xì）卤丘陵地带是盐碱地。舄卤，盐碱地。④畴∶已耕作的田地。⑤硗(qiāo)确：指土地十分贫瘠，多形容沙石之地不适宜耕种。

1.下面句子中加点词的意思或用法相同的一组是（）（3分）A.印度之人马之千里者（《马说》）．．B.随地称国国恒亡（《生于忧患，死于安乐》）．．C.北乃山阜臆轸乃不知有汉（《桃花源记》）．．D.西方土地硗确今齐地方千里（《邹忌讽齐王纳谏》）．．2.请用现代汉语翻译下面句子。（7分）（1）高峰入云，清流见底。

（2）北广南挟，形如半月。

（3）斯大概也，可略言焉。

3.请用“／”给下面的句子断句。（断两处）（2分）东则川野沃润畴陇膏腴南方草木荣茂

4.《答谢中书书》是南朝时陶弘景写给谢中书的一封书信，境界清新，《大唐西域记》是千多年前玄奘西行的情况记述，为《西游记》的创作奠定了基础。请分别用【甲】【乙】两文中的四字短语概括选文的主要内容。（4分）

【甲】________________________________________________________________ 【乙】________________________________________________________________ 答案： 1.B 2.（1）高高的山峰耸八云霄，清澈的溪流能见到水底。（2）（印度的疆域）北面广阔，南面狭窄，形状好像半个月亮。（3）这是大体状况，大致简要叙述一下。

4.东则川野沃润／畴陇膏腴／南方草木荣茂 5.【甲】山川之美【乙】封疆之域

（2015·泉州市）

阅读下面文言文，完成1—4题（16分）

（甲）山川之美，古来共谈。高峰入云，清流见底。两岸石壁，五色交辉。青林翠竹，四时俱备。晓雾将歇，猿鸟乱鸣；夕日欲颓，沈鳞竞跃，实是欲界之仙都，自康乐以来，未复有能与其奇者。（《答谢中书书》）

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（乙）子曰：“饭疏食饮水，曲肱①而枕之，乐在其中矣。不义②富贵，于我如浮云。”（《论语》）注：①肱：（gōng）胳膊 ②义：遵守道义

1.下面加点词意思相同的一项是（）（3分）A.清流见底见往事耳．．B.实是欲界之仙都每假借于藏书之家．．C.于我如浮云皆以美于徐公．．D.自康乐以来自非亭午夜分不见曦月．．2.解释加点词。（3分）（1）古来共谈

共：（2）夕日欲颓颓：．．（3）未复有能与其奇者

与：．3.把下列句子翻译成现代汉语。（6分）（1）晓雾将歇，猿鸟乱鸣。

（2）曲肱而枕之，乐在其中矣。

8.甲乙两文“乐”的情趣分别是什么？（4分）

答案：

1.（3分）B 2.（3分）共同，一起坠落欣赏 3.（6分）（1）早晨的薄雾将要散尽，猿猴和鸟儿此起彼伏的鸣叫。（“歇”，“乱”各0.5分）

（2）弯着胳膊当枕头，乐趣也就在其中了。（“曲”，“亦”各0.5分）

4.（4分）甲文：①作者欣赏山林之美的情趣。②作者酷爱山林，归隐林泉的志趣。③作者将内心对山林之美的感受与友人分享的乐趣。（2分，答出一点即可）

乙文：①粗茶淡饭却能随遇而安（安贫乐道）。②视不正当得到的富贵如浮云的高尚情操。（2分，答出一点即可）

（2012·益阳市）阅读下文，回答问题。（11分）

【甲】山川之美，古来共谈。高峰入云，清流见底。两岸石壁，五色交辉。青林翠竹，四时俱备。晓雾将歇，猿鸟乱鸣。夕日欲颓，沉鳞竞跃。实是欲界之仙都，自康乐以来，未复有能与其奇者。

《答谢中书书》

【乙】风烟俱净，天山共色。从流飘荡，任意东西。自富阳至桐庐一百许里，奇山异水，天下独绝。

水皆缥碧，千丈见底。游鱼细石，直视无碍。急湍甚箭，猛浪若奔。

夹岸高山，皆生寒树，负势竞上，互相轩邈，争高直指，千百成峰。泉水激石，泠泠作响；好鸟相鸣，嘤嘤成韵。蝉则千转不穷，猿则百叫无绝。鸢飞戾天者，望峰息心；经纶世务者，窥谷忘反。横柯上蔽，在昼犹昏；疏条交映，有时见日。

《与朱元思书》

1.下面句子的朗读停顿划分不正确的一项是（）（2分）．．．A.实是/欲界之仙都 B.蝉/则千转不穷 C.自/富阳至桐庐一百许里 D.水/皆缥碧

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2.对下列句子中加点词理解错误的一项是（）（2分）．．A.晓雾将歇，猿鸟乱鸣（消散）．B.急湍甚箭，猛浪若奔（奔跑）．C.未复有能与其奇者（参与，这里指欣赏）．D.经纶世务者，窥谷忘反（通“返”）．3.甲文中统领全文的句子是“ ”；乙文中总领下文写景的句子是“ ”。（2分）

4.用现代汉语写出下面句子的意思。（2分）（1）夕日欲颓，沉鳞竞跃

（2）从流飘荡，任意东西

5.甲乙两文都是写自然景物，表达了作者对的热爱之情。但两文的思想格调不尽一样，甲文全篇充满乐观情趣，而乙文则暗含作者对尘世生活的厌弃之情，从文中“ ”即可看出。（3分）

答案： 1.C 2.B 3.山川之美，古来共谈奇山异水，天下独绝

4.（1）太阳快要落山了，潜游在水中的鱼争相跳出水面。（准确译出“颓”、“沉鳞”，语句通顺）（2）（我乘船）随着江流飘荡，任意往东或往西。（准确译出“从”、“东西”，语句通顺）

5.山水自然；鸢飞戾天者，望峰息心；经纶世务者，窥谷忘反

（五）（2010年福建省福州市）比较阅读甲文《答谢中书书》和乙文《记承天寺夜游》，完成1—4题。(18分)【甲文】山川之美，古来共谈。高峰入云，清流见底。两岸石壁，五色交辉。青林翠竹。四时俱备。晓雾将歇，猿鸟乱鸣；夕日欲颓，沉鳞竞跃。实是欲界之仙都。自康乐以来，未复有能与其奇者。

【乙文】元丰六年十月十二日夜，解衣欲睡月色入户欣然起行念无与为乐者遂至承天寺寻张怀民。怀民亦未寝，相与步于中庭。庭下如积水空明，水中藻、荇交横，盖竹柏影也。何夜无月?何处无竹柏?但少闲人如吾两人者耳。

1.用“／”为文中画线句子标出停顿。(2分)解衣欲睡月色人户欣然起行念无与为乐者遂至承天寺寻张怀民。2.解释下列加点的词。(4分)(1)晓雾将歇()(2)未复有能与其奇者()．．(3)怀民亦未寝()(4)但少闲人如吾两人者耳()．．3.用现代汉语翻译下列句子。(4分)(1)沉鳞竞跃。

(2)相与步于中庭。

4.填空。(8分)

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(1)甲文写景动静相衬，其中通过生命活动的描写，为景增添动感的语句是“__________”和 “__________”。乙文写景的名句是“__________”。(4分)(2)甲乙两文都写了自然景物，甲文描绘了“□□之美”，乙文描写了“□□之美”。但两文表达的思想感情有所不同，甲文表达了作者的思想感情；乙文则把赏月的欣喜、漫步的悠闲、贬谪的悲凉、人生的感慨等微妙复杂的思想感情浓缩在文中“__________”的语句中。(4分)答案：

1.解衣欲睡／月色入户／欣然起行／念无与为乐者／遂至承天寺寻张怀民。2.(1)消散(2)参与，这里指欣赏(3)睡觉(4)只是

3.(1)潜游在水中的鱼争相跳出水面。(2)我们一起在庭院中做步。

4.(1)猿鸟乱鸣沉鳞竞跃庭下如积水空明，水中藻、荇交横，盖竹柏影也。(2)山川月色(月夜)热爱自然，沉醉山水(意思对即可)但少闲人如吾两人者耳

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第四篇：近五年全国高考语文作文题目解析

近五年全国高考语文作文题目解析 2013年全国高考作文解析

1、【新课标卷】

阅读下面的材料，根据要求写一篇不少于800字的文章。一位商人发现并买下了一块晶莹剔透，大如蛋黄的钻石，他请专家检验，专家大加赞赏，但为钻石中有道裂纹表示惋惜，并说：“如果没有裂纹切割成两块，能使钻石增值，只是一旦失败，损失就大了。”怎样切割这块钻石呢？商人咨询了很多切割师，他们都不愿动手，说风险太大。

后来，一位技艺高超的老切割师答应试试，他设计了周密的切割方案，然后指导年轻的徒弟动手操作。当着商人的面，徒弟一下了就把钻石切成了两块，商人捧起两块钻石，十分感慨，老切割师说：“要有经验，技术，但更要有勇气，不去想价值的事，手就不会发抖。”

要求选择好角度，确定立意，明确文体，自拟标题，不要脱离材料内容及含意的范围作文，不要套作，不得抄袭。

【点评】

这则关于钻石切割的材料，属于典型的材料作文，富于时代气息，社会意义丰富，思想倾向鲜明，难易程度适中，学生有话可说，是一则可圈可点的好作文题。

这篇文章在审题上毫无难度可言，文章只能这样写，这时候就考你是不是能够找到一个特别漂亮的例子进行说明。审题立意的关键是从整体上把握材料寓意，尤其是老雕刻家最后的话。立意角度有二：老雕刻家的话和钻石。从老雕刻家的角度立意，可以围绕“经验诚可贵，勇气价更高”、“成功来自勇气”、“成功既需要经验，更需要勇气”、“做事需心无旁骛，无所畏惧”等切入；从钻石的角度立意，则可以从“瑕疵不足畏，改变成就美”、“要勇于改变自我”、“与过去决裂，勇于做新的自己”等角度切入。当然，从第一个角度切入是中心立意，也最容易写作。

写作时要想出类拔萃，需要注意以下几点：

1、把握住“勇气”这一关键词，咬定青山不放松，要有材料意识、话题意识、主题意识；

2、选择最擅长的文体，例如议论文；

3、打造文章亮点，例如画龙点睛，闪亮开头，结构井然，前后呼应，卷面美观等。

【例文】

淡抹了年华（记叙文）

17岁以前的我，想哭就大声地哭，想笑就大声地笑，真是不知愁滋味。

那时的我，敢这么说，还不懂得什么叫做忧伤。周围有很多好同学，可以让我不开心的时候随意“打骂”以消心头之气，可她们的脸上却依然绽放着最美丽的微笑，无论我怎么任性、怎么胡闹，她们都会最大限度地包容我，也许她们会因为我过分的蛮横而生气，没关系，她们第二天照样会和我继续疯玩打闹，然后再继续忍受我的“无理取闹”。

所有的东西都是在远去之后才想转身再重复一遍来路。

在一家杂货的遇到小学时的同桌，其实，我一眼便认出了她，只是名字记不得，模样不如从前，路边疾驰的卡车掀起满地灰尘，我低头绕开，转身装作不曾认识。

远隔人海我回望，发现她望了我一眼，两人默默地背道而驰。原来她也当我是个陌生人。

时间是最无情的刻刀雕刻着我们岁月的流逝，却不允许你做任何的缅怀。无聊时，经常翻着手机通讯录里滚动的同学的名字。内心总会有一瞬间的冲动，想按下绿色的电话图标键，但最终还是迟疑地把手僵持在半空。手机却突然响起，屏幕上显示着熟悉又陌生的名字，我又惊又喜。你说：“我想打耳洞已经很久了，你到底什么时候陪我去啊！不知道要和最好的同学一起打吗？我等你很久了！”“白痴啊！你着什么急？马上放暑假了啊！到时候一起去。”

这是我们曾经有过的默契，我相信它还在，所以我非常喜欢这句话：“当过尽了千帆，你还在我身边。还有什么好奢望的美好呢？”

我又想，有些东西是没那么容易就被时间打败。比如我们在不同的地方看同一部电视剧，当看见女主角离开男主角时，你发短信跟我说：“有些人我们不能拥有，却终究要学着放手，但有一些人，你打也好骂也好，他永远不会离开”。

我知道你是在告诉我你一直都在。我们心里都很青春，成长就是这样，痛并快乐着。我们不得不接受生活带给我们一切伤害，然后我们才能无所畏惧的长大。

淡抹的年华，清新怡人。让我们的美好年华刻进这永久的同学关系中，走在岁月的光影里，照亮我们彼此的前程吧！

高考作文满分作文点评：

1、新颖的角度。文章以“淡抹了年华”为标题，意在告诉我们，良好的同学关系即使被时间淘洗，也不会被人遗忘，留给我们的都会是清晰美好的回忆。

2、唯美的抒情。文章以散文化的语言，唯美的抒情，给读者呈现了“我”映象中“淡抹了年华”的清新怡人，而不是悲伤的调子，把良好的同学关系的回忆变成了一篇唯美的诗歌，读给我们听，让我们体会同学之间的关系多么值得珍重啊！

3、巧妙的构思。文章紧紧围绕散文“形散神聚”的特点来行文，但又不拘于此，考生是善于在关节点处语出惊人，如“所有的东西都是在远处之后才想转身再重复一遍来路”，不仅在结构上承上启下，在内容上，也点破了散文的“神”。

2、【新课标全国卷Ⅱ】

阅读下面的材料，根据要求写一篇不少于800字的文章。

高中学习阶段，你一定在班集体里度过了美好的时光，收获了深厚的情谊，同窗共读，互相帮助，彼此激励，即便是一次不愉快的争执，都给你留下难忘的记忆，伴你走向成熟。

某机构就“同学关系”问题在几所学校作了一次调查。结果显示，60%的人表示满意，36%的人认为一般，4%的人觉得不满意。

如果同学关系紧张，原因是什么？有人认为是我自我意识过强，有人认为是志趣，性格不合，也有人认为缘于竞争激烈，等等。

对于增进同学间的友好关系，营造和谐氛围，72%的人表示非常有信心，他们认为互相尊重，理解和包容，遇事多为他人着想，关系就会更加融洽。要求选好角度，确定立意，明确文体，自拟标题，不要脱离材料内容及含意，不得抄袭。

【点评】

这篇作文从高中生的同学关系入手，切合了学生的生活实际，针对性强，直接面对学生现状,让学生有话可说。很明显，这道作文题切合了室友投毒事件，引导学生由社会新闻反思自身。在导向上，强调和谐美好的同学关系 “即使是一次不愉快的争执，都给你留下难忘的记忆，伴你走向成熟”奠定了作文写作的健康导向。从调查数据起引，强调了求真求实的严谨作风，让同学关系话题显得有话可写。最主要的是对于考生，这样的作文不会造成学生无话可说，出现审题失误。

材料给了多方面可以确定的立意：

1、同床共读，互相帮助，彼此激励，不愉快的争执等同学关系往事给留下难忘的记忆，可以写成记叙文，重在描写，妙在倒序，可以创新书信等体裁。

2、探讨同学关系紧张的原因，材料提供了自我意识、志趣性格、竞争三个角度，可以攻其一点，也可以多点综合，更可以另抒新见，可以发表议论，也可以借助故事阐发道理，宜联系历史、社会深入分析，不宜面面俱到，蜻蜓点水。

3、如何增进同学间关系，材料提供了尊重、理解、包容、换位思考等方式。

从总体上说，本文写记叙文较有话可说，但要注意不要平铺直叙，记流水账，要从小处着眼，讲究波澜与语言。写议论文，要注意跳出自我的小圈子，不要通篇以周边同学论证，因而缺乏说服性。且材料贴近社会与学生实际，比如前段时间的大学投毒案，学生对这类材料主题非常熟悉，大部分的考生都能清晰审出、把握作文的话题。写作也有很大发挥空间，比如主题可以以关心关爱他人、包容他人、和谐共处等都可以写。

今年的作文题目形式新颖，通过同学间的人际关系引申到社会关系如何融洽，可以从多角度切入来阐述主题。

【范文】

能为？敢为！（议论文）

钻石的价值确实不菲，切割时一旦失手再过晶莹也难免沦为废品，于是也就难倒了众多的切割师。老切割师固然有着超群卓越的技术，他能为，却少了小徒弟那份敢于操刀的勇气，不敢为；无技术，少经验，固然不能成事，但少了可嘉的勇气，就囿于平庸，难成大事。

敢为，为天下先，超脱平凡。

建国之初，我国经历了清满腐朽，外国掠夺，日寇蹂躏，蒋氏摧残，一穷二白，满目萧然；又加之十年动荡，法制、经济、人文各个领域都到了奔溃的边缘。政坛彷徨，此际，我们伟大的邓爷爷以敢为天下先的勇气大刀阔斧，拨乱反正，缔造了我国独特的社会主义市场经济的飞速发展。春意盎然，他修宪法、正思想，开特区，收香港，春天的故事不可谓不雄壮。

此番事业，来源于邓小平爷爷独特的政治眼光和超强的预见力，他能为；但更重要的是他有敢为天下先的勇气。如果邓爷爷只是一味在乎中国国土的稳定，而不敢改革开放，大概今日上海滩的霓虹灯也不会灿烂夺目。敢为，敢做，超脱平凡。

敢为，为世界先，别样精彩。

在科学界，自古至今，天文，地理、物理、化学„„无一领域不是充满着探索与发现，推陈与出新。他虽身材矮小，却是举起太阳的勇士，不畏宗教的迫害。不囿于固有的传统，哥白尼多年的观测使他能为，但真正促使他敢为世界先，提出“日心说”的却是他那份敢于刺破传统，忘怀得失，不计利害的勇气。

他其貌不扬，却绕海航行，不断探索，找出人类的祖先，与世界相悖，却成就别样精彩，面对世界的质疑与嘲笑，他不屑一顾；面对教士的鄙视与戏弄，他不留心间。多年证据的积累，生物科学的卓越成就，达尔文他能为，但真正使他不顾忌世人的眼光，将自我利益置之于度外的却是他敢为世界先的勇气。

敢为，为世界先，忘怀于手中的利益，抛却心里的负担，成就别样精彩！

在人生中，面对许多事，我们都有足够的能力与经验，但却往往难以卸下心灵的负担，不敢冲破现有的条条框框，少了那份敢为天下先的勇气与决心，最终碌碌此生。漫漫长路，精彩就在于一次次敢于挑战的勇气，贵不再能而在敢。

能为？是质疑；敢为，是赞叹！

第五篇：近五年高考语文全国卷文言文阅读

一、2016年新课标Ⅰ卷文言文阅读阅读下面的文言文，完成4～7题

曾公亮，字明仲，泉州晋江人。举进士甲科，知会稽县。民田镜湖旁，每患湖溢。公亮立斗门，泄水入曹娥江，民受其利。以端明殿学士知郑州，为政有能声盗悉窜他境至夜户不闭尝有使客亡囊中物移书诘盗公亮报吾境不藏盗殆从之者廋耳索之果然公亮明练文法，更践九，习知朝廷台阁典宪，首相韩琦每咨访焉。仁宗末年，琦请建储，与公亮等共定大议。密州民田产银，或盗取之，大理当以强。公亮曰：“此禁物也，取之虽强，与盗物民家有间矣。”固争之，遂下有司议，比劫禁物法，盗得不死。契丹纵人渔界河，又数通盐舟，吏不敢禁，皆谓：与之校，且生事。公亮言：“萌芽不禁，后将奈何？雄州赵滋勇而有谋，可任也。”使谕以指意，边害讫息，英宗即位，加中书侍郎兼礼部尚书，寻加户部尚书，帝不豫，辽使至不能见，命公亮宴于馆，使者不肯赴。公亮质之曰：“锡宴不赴，是不虔君命也，人主有疾，而必使亲临，处之安乎？”使者即就席。熙宁三年，拜司空兼侍中，河阳三城节度使，明年，起判永兴军。居一岁，还京师。旋以太傅致仕，元丰元年卒，年八十，帝临哭，辍朝三日，公亮方厚庄重，沉深周密，平居谨绳墨，蹈规矩；然性吝啬，殖货至巨万，初荐王安石，及同辅政，知上方向之，阴为子孙计，凡更张庶事，一切听顺，而外若不与之者。常遣子孝宽参其谋，至上前略无所异，于是帝益信任安石。安石德其助己，故引擢孝宽至枢密以报之。苏轼尝从容责公亮不能救正，世讥其持禄固宠云。（节选自《宋史·曾公亮传》）4．下列对文中画波浪线部分的断句，正确的一项是（3分）

A．为政有能声/盗悉窜他境/至夜户不闭/尝有使客亡囊中物移书/诘盗/公亮报/吾境不藏盗/殆从者之廋耳/索之/果然/ B．为政有能声/盗悉窜他境/至夜户不闭/尝有使客亡囊中物/移书诘盗/公亮报/吾境不藏盗/殆从者之廋耳/索之/果然/ C．为政有能声/盗悉窜/他境至夜户不闭/尝有使客亡囊中物移书/诘盗/公亮报/吾境不藏盗/殆从者之廋耳/索之/果然/ D．为政有能声/盗悉窜/他境至夜户不闭/尝有使客亡囊中物/移书诘盗/公亮报/吾境不藏盗/殆从者之廋耳/索之/果然/ 5．下列对文中加点词语的相关内容的解说，不正确的一项是（3分）

A．首相指宰相中居于首位的人，与当今某些国家内阁或政府首脑的含义并不相同。B．建储义为确定储君，也即确定皇位的继承人，我国古代通常采用嫡长子继承制。C．古代朝廷中分职设官，各有专司，所以可用“有司”来指称朝廷中的各级官员。D．契丹是古国名，后来改国号为辽，先后与五代和北宋并立，与中原常发生争端。6．下列对原文有关内容的概括和分析，不正确的一项是（3分）

A．曾公亮初入仕途，为民兴利除弊，他进士及第后任职会稽县，当时湖水常常外溢，民田受害，他兴修水利工程，将水引入曹娥江，民众因此得益。

B．曾公亮久经历练，通晓典章制度。他熟知朝廷政务，首相韩琦每每向他咨询；密州有人偷盗民田产银，他认为判处死刑过重，据理力争，最终改判。

C．曾公亮防患未然，止息边地事端。契丹违约在界河捕鱼运盐，他认为萌芽不禁终将酿成大祸，派使者偕同雄州赵滋前往调解，边地双方得以相安无事。

D．曾公亮老谋深算，暗中为子孙计。他为人深沉，思虑周密，曾举荐王安石，安石受到宠信，他考虑子孙前程，不露痕迹地处处随顺安石，终于得到回报。7．把文中画横线的句子翻译成现代汉语。（10分）

（1）锡宴不赴，是不虔君命也。人主有疾，而必使亲临，处之安乎？（5分）

（2）苏轼尝从容责公亮不能救正，世讥其持禄固宠云。（5分）

二、2016年新课标Ⅱ卷阅读下面的文言文，完成4-7题。

陈登云，字从龙，唐山人，万历五年进士，出鄢陵知县，征授御史，出接辽东，疏陈安攘十册，又请速首功之赏，改巡山西。还朝，会廷臣方争建储。登云谓议不早决，由贵妃家阴沮之。十六年六月遂因灾异抗疏，劾妃父郑承宪，言：“承宪怀祸藏奸窥觊储贰且广结术士之流曩陛下重惩科场冒籍承宪妻每扬言事由己发用以恐吓勋贵簧鼓朝绅不但惠安遭其虐焰，即中宫与太后家亦谨避其锋矣，陛下享国久长，自由敬德所致，而承宪每对人言，以为不立东宫之效。干扰盛典，蓄隐邪谋，他日何所不至？”疏入，贵妃、承宪皆怒，同列亦为登云危，帝竟留中不下。久之，疏论吏部尚书陆光祖，又论贬四川提学副使冯时可，论罢应天巡抚李涞、顺天巡抚王致祥，又论礼部侍郎韩世能、尚书罗万化、南京太仆卿徐用检、朝右皆惮之。时方考选科道，登云因疏言：“近岁言官，壬午以前怵于威，则摧刚为柔；壬午以后昵于情，则化直为佞。其间岂无刚直之人，而弗胜龃龉，多不能安其身。二十年来，以刚直擢京卿者百止一二耳。背公植党，遂嗜乞怜，如所谓‘七豺’‘八狗’者，言路顾居其半。夫台谏为天下持是非，而使人贱辱至此，安望其抗颜直绳，为国家除大奸、歼巨蠹哉！与其误用而斥之，不若慎于始进。”因条数事以献，出按河南。岁大饥，人相食。副使崔应麟见民啖泽中雁矢，囊示登云，登云即进之于朝。帝立遣肆丞锺化民赍帑币振之。登云巡方者三，风裁峻厉。以久之当擢京卿，累寝不下，遂移疾归。寻卒。

（节选自《明史·陈登云传》）

4．下列对文中画波浪线部分的断句，正确的一项是（3分）（）

A．承宪怀祸藏奸/窥觊储贰且广结术士之流/曩陛下重惩科场/冒籍承宪妻每扬言事由己发/用以恐喝勋贵/簧鼓朝绅/ B．承宪怀祸藏奸/窥觊储贰/且广结术士之流/曩陛下重惩科场冒籍/承宪妻每扬言/事由己发用以恐喝勋贵/簧鼓朝绅/ C．承宪怀祸藏奸/窥觊储贰/且广结术士之流/曩陛下重惩科场冒籍/承宪妻每扬言事由己发/用以恐喝勋贵/簧鼓朝绅/ D．承宪怀祸藏奸/窥觊储贰且广结术士之流/曩陛下重惩科场/冒籍承宪妻每扬言/事由己发用以恐喝勋贵/簧鼓朝绅/ 5．下列对文中加点词语的相关内容的解说，不正确的一项是（3分）（）

A．中宫是皇后所居之宫，后来又可以借指皇后，这与东宫又可以借指太子是同样道理。B．陛下指宫殿中立有护卫的台阶下，因群臣不可直呼帝王，于是借用为对帝王的尊称。C．吏部是古代六部之一，掌管文官任免、考核、升降、调动等，长官为吏部尚书。D．移疾指官员上书称病，实际是官员受到权臣诋毁，不得不请求退职的委婉说法。6．下列对原文有关内容的概括和分析，不正确的一项是（3分）（）

A．陈登云不畏权贵，弹劾贵妃之父。他出于对朝廷的忠心，即便对郑承宪这样的国戚，也大胆揭发对方为非作歹，包藏祸心，幸而皇上并未因此发怒。

B．陈登云敢于直言，检举多名重臣。他在朝既久，发现诸多问题，于是奏告一干大臣，其中有些人因此遭到贬职或罢免，以至朝廷大官们都很畏惧他。

C．陈登云上疏指出，选才慎于始进。他认为二十年来，刚直者很少被提拔进京，在朝者却背公结党，谄媚权贵，与其误用后罢免，不如进用时慎重。

D．陈登云关心百姓，奏请救助灾区。在他巡视河南期间，当地年成歉收，百姓相食，他向朝廷呈告灾情，皇上当即派遣寺丞锺化民筹措钱款赈济灾民。7．把文中画横线的句子翻译成现代汉语。（10分）（1）其间岂无刚直之人，而弗胜龃龉，多不能安其身。

（2）副使崔应麟见民啖泽中雁矢，囊示登云，登云即进之于朝。

三、2016年新课标Ⅲ卷阅读下列文言文，完成4-7题。傅珪，字邦瑞，清苑人。成化二十三年进士。改庶吉士。弘治中，授编修，寻兼司经局校书。与修《大明会典》成，迁左中允。武宗立，以东宫恩，进左谕德，充讲官，纂修《孝宗实录》。时词臣不附刘瑾，瑾恶之。谓《会典》成于刘健等多所糜费镌与修者官降珪修撰俄以《实录》成进左中允再迁翰林学士历吏部左右侍郎。正德六年，代费宏为礼部尚书。礼部事视他部为简，自珪数有执争，章奏遂多。帝好佛，自称“大庆法王”。番僧乞田百顷为法王下院，中旨下部，称大庆法王与圣旨并。珪佯不知，执奏：“孰为大庆法王？敢与至尊并书，大不敬。”诏勿问，田亦竟止。珪居闲类木讷者。及当大事，毅然执持，人不能夺，卒以此忤权幸去。教坊司臧贤请易牙牌，制如朝士，又请改铸方印。珪格不行。贤日夜腾谤于诸阉间，冀去珪。流寇扰河南，太监陆訚谋督师，下廷议，莫敢先发。珪厉声曰：“师老民疲，贼日炽，以冒功者多，偾事者漏罚，失将士心。先所遣已无功，可复遣耶？今贼横行郊圻肘腋间，民嚣然思乱，祸旦夕及宗社。吾侪死不偿责，诸公安得首鼠两端。”由是议罢。疏上，竟遣訚，而中官皆憾珪。御史张羽奏云南灾。珪因极言四方灾变可畏。八年五月，复奏四月灾，因言：“春秋二百四十二年，灾变六十九事。今自去秋来，地震天鸣，雹降星殒，龙虎出见，地裂山崩，凡四十有二，而水旱不与焉，灾未有若是甚者。”极陈时弊十事，语多斥权幸，权幸益深嫉之。会户部尚书孙交亦以守正见忤，遂矫旨令二人致仕。两京言官交章请留，不听。珪归三年，御史卢雍称珪在位有古大臣风，家无储蓄，日给为累，乞颁月廪、岁隶，以示优礼。又谓珪刚直忠谠，当起用。吏部请如雍言，不报。而珪适卒，年五十七。遣命毋请恤典。抚、按以为言，诏廕其子中书舍人。嘉靖元年录先朝守正大臣，追赠太子少保，谥文毅。（节选自《明史·傅珪传》）

4．下列对文中画波浪线部分的断句，正确的一项是（3分）

A．谓《会典》成于刘健等/多所糜费/镌与修者/官降珪修撰/俄以《实录》成/进左中允/再迁翰林学士/历吏部左/右侍郎/ B．谓《会典》成于刘健等/多所糜费/镌与修者官/降珪修撰/俄以《实录》成/进左中允/再迁翰林学士/历吏部左/右侍郎/ C．谓《会典》成于刘健等/多所糜费/镌与修者官/降珪修撰/俄以《实录》成进/左中允再迁翰林学士/历吏部左/右侍郎/ D．谓《会典》成于刘健等/多所糜费/镌与修者/官降珪修撰/俄以《实录》成进/左中允再迁翰林学士/历吏部左/右侍郎/ 5．下列对文中加点词语的相关内容的解说，不正确的一项是（3分）

A．礼部为六部之一，掌管礼仪、祭祀、土地、户籍等职事，部长官称为礼部尚书。B．教坊司是管理宫廷音乐的官署，专管雅乐以外的音乐、歌舞的教习等演出事务。C．致仕本义是将享受的禄位交还给君王，表示官员辞去官职或到规定年龄而离职。D．历史上的“两京”有多种所指，文中则指明代永乐年间迁都以后的南北两处京城。6．下列对原文有关内容的概括和分析，不正确的一顶是（3分）

A．傅珪进入仕途，参与纂修文献。弘治年间，他兼任司经局校书，参与编修《大明会典》得以升职；武宗继位，他进位左谕德，充讲官，修撰《孝宗实录》。

B．傅珪任职礼部．劝谏讲究策略。他担任礼部尚书时，由于屡有争端，上奏增多；番僧因帝好佛求地百顷，他佯作不知皇上自称大庆法王，不理会给地的事。

C．傅珪守正不阿，反遭诬蔑报复。每遇大事，他都能坚持己见，不肯随意改易，因而触怒许多人；后因得罪权贵被迫退休，虽有言官请留，他仍坚持离职。

D．傅珪为官清廉，死后受到好评。御史卢雍称赞他在位时有古代大臣风范，归乡后家无积蓄，艰难度日；嘉靖元年，他被列为先朝守正大臣，追谥为文毅。7．把文中画横线的句子翻译成现代汉语。（10分）见原文。

四、2015年高考新课标1卷阅读下面的文言文，完成4——7题。

孙傅，字伯野，海州人，登进士第，为礼部员外郎。时蔡條为尚书，傅为言天下事，劝其亟有所更，不然必败。條不能用。迁至中书舍人。宣和末高丽人入贡使者所过调夫治舟骚然烦费傅言索民力以妨农功而于中国无丝毫之益宰相谓其所论同苏轼奏贬蕲州安置给事中许翰以为傅论议虽偶与轼合，意亦亡他，以职论事而责之过矣，翰亦罢去。靖康元年，召为给事中，进兵部尚书。上章乞复祖宗法度，钦宗问之，傅曰：“祖宗法惠民，熙、丰法惠国，崇、观法惠奸。”时谓名言。十一月，拜尚书右丞，俄改同知枢密院。金人困都城，傅日夜亲当矢石，金兵分四翼噪而前，兵败退，坠于护龙河，填尸皆满，城门急闭。是日，金人遂登城。二年正月，钦宗诣金帅营，以傅辅太子留守，仍兼少傅。帝兼旬不返，傅属贻书请之。及废立檄至，傅大恸曰：“吾唯知吾君可帝中国尔，苟立异姓，吾当死之。”金人来索太上，帝后、诸王、妃主，傅留太子不遣。密谋匿之民间，别求状类宦者二人杀之，并斩十数死囚，持首送之，绐金人曰：“宦者欲窃太子出，都人争斗杀之，误伤太子。因帅兵讨定，斩其为乱者以献。苟不已，则以死继之。”越五日，无肯承其事者。傅日：“吾为太子傅，当同生死。金人虽不吾索，吾当与之俱行、求见二酋面责之，庶或万一可济。”遂从太子出。金守门者曰：“所欲得太子，留守何预？”傅曰：“我宋之大臣，且太子傅也，当死从。”是夕，宿门下；明日，金人召之去。明年二月，死于朔廷。绍兴中，赠开府仪同三司，谥曰忠定．（节选自《宋史•孙傅传》）

4．下列对文中画波浪线部分的断句，正确的一项是（）（3分）A．宣和末/高丽入贡/使者所过/调夫治舟/骚然烦费/傅言/索民力以妨农功/ 而于中国无丝毫之益/宰相谓其所论同苏轼/奏贬蕲州安置/ B．宣和末/高丽入贡/使者所过/调夫治舟/骚然烦费/傅言/索民力以妨农功/ 而于中国无丝毫之益/宰相谓其所论/同苏轼奏/贬蕲州安罝/ C．宣和末/髙丽入贡使者/所过调夫治舟/骚然烦费/傅言/索民力以妨农功/而于中田无丝毫之益/ 宰相谓其所论/同苏拭奏/贬蕲州安置/ D．宣和末/髙丽入贡使者/所过调夫治舟/骚然烦费/傅言/索民力以妨农功/而于中国无丝毫之益/宰相谓其所论同苏轼/奏贬蕲州安罝/ 5．下列对文中加点词语的相关内容的解说，不正确的一项是（）（3分）A．登进士第，又可称为进士及第，指科举时代经考试合格后录取成为进士。B．兵部是古代“六部”之一，掌管全国武官选用和兵籍、军械、军令等事宜。C．庙号是皇帝死后，在太庙立室奉祀时特起的名号，如高祖、太宗、钦宗。D．太子指封建时代君主儿子中被确定继承君位的人，有时也可指其他儿子。6．下列对原文有关内容的概括和分析，不正确的一项是（3分）

A．孙傅入仕以后，积极向上建言。他担任礼部员外郎，对尚书蔡條纵论天下大事，劝蔡迅速有所变更，否则必将失败，可惜他的建议没有被采纳。

B．孙傳上奏，请求恢复祖宗法度，他任兵部尚书，从效用角度评价祖宗法度和熙、丰年间的法度，批评崇观年间的法度，受到时人赞许。

C．孙傅不畏金人，努力保全太子。金人掳走钦宗后又索求太子，他密谋藏匿太子，杀二宦官将首级送至金营，欺骗金人说，这就是误伤太子之人。

D．孙傅舍身取义，死后謚为忠定。太子被迫至金营，孙傅随往，却受到守门者劝阻，他表示身为太子傅，应誓死跟从太子；后被金人召去，死于北廷。7．把文中画横线的句子翻译成现代汉语。（10分）

（1）吾唯知吾君可帝中国尔，苟立异姓，吾当死之。

（2）金人虽不吾索，吾当与之俱行，求见二酋面责之，庶或万一可济。

五、2015年高考新课标2卷阅读下面的文言文，完成4——7题

来护儿，字崇善，未识而孤，养于世母吴氏．吴氏提携鞠养，甚有感训，幼儿卓荤；初读《诗》，舍书叹曰：“大丈夫在世，会为国灭贼以取功名！”群辈惊其言而壮其志，及长，雄略秀出，志气英远。会周师定淮南所住白土村地居疆场数见军旅护儿常慨然有立功名之志及开皇初宇文忻等镇广陵平陈之役护儿有功焉，进位上开府，赏物一千段，仁寿初，迁瀛洲刺史，以善政闻，频见劳勉，炀帝嗣位，被追入朝，百姓攀恋，累日不能出境，诣阕上书致请者，前后数百人，帝谓曰：“昔国步未康，卿为名将，今天下无事，又为良两千石，可谓兼美矣。”大业六年，车架幸江都，谓护儿曰：“衣锦昼游，古人所重，卿今是也。”乃赐物两千石，并牛酒，令谒先人墓，宴乡里父老，仍今三品已上并集其宅，酣饮尽日，朝野荣之，十二年，驾幸江都，护儿谏曰：“陛下兴军旅，百姓易咨怨，车架游幸，深恐非宜，伏愿驻驾洛阳，与时休息，陛下今幸江都，是臣衣锦之地。臣荷恩深重，不敢专为身谋。”帝闻之，厉色而起，数日不得见。后怒解，方被引入，谓曰：“公意乃尔，朕复何望！”护儿因不敢言。及宇文化及构逆，深忌之。是日旦将朝见执。护儿曰：“陛下今何在？”左右曰：“今被执矣。”护儿叹曰：“吾备位大臣，荷国重任，不能肃清凶逆，遂今王室至此，抱恨泉壤，知复何言！”乃遇害。护儿重然诺，敦交契，廉于财利，不事产业，至于行军用兵，特多谋算，每览兵法，曰：“此亦岂异人意也！”善抚士卒，部分严明，故咸得其死力。4．下列对文中画波浪线部分的断句，正确的一项是（）（3分）A．会周师定淮南所/住白土村/地居疆场/数见军旅护儿/常慨然有立功名之志/ 及开皇初/宇文忻等镇广陵/平陈之役/护儿有功焉/ B．会周师定淮南所/住白土村/地居疆场/数见军旅/护儿常慨然有立功名之志/ 及开皇初/宇文忻等镇广陵/平陈之役/护儿有功焉 C．会周师定淮南/所住白土村/地居疆场/数见军旅护儿/常慨然有立功名之志/及开皇初/宇文忻等镇广陵/平陈之役护儿有功焉 D．会周师定淮南/所住白土村/地居疆埸/数见军旅/护儿常慨然有立功名之志/及开皇初/宇文忻等镇广陵/平陈之役/护儿有功焉/ 5．下列对文中加点词语的相关内容的解说，不正确的一项是（）（3分）

A．古代男子有名有字，名是出生后不久父亲起的，字是二十岁举行冠礼后才起的。B．谥号是古代帝王、大臣等死后，据其生平事迹评定的称号，如武帝、哀帝，炀帝。C．嗣位指继承君位，我囯封建王朝通常实行长子继承制，君位由最年长的儿子继承。D．阙是宫门两侧的高台，又可借指宫廷，“诣阙”既可指赴朝廷，又可指赴京都。6．下列对原文有关内容的概括和分析不正确—项是（）（3分）

A．来护儿少有大志，成年后秀拔于群。他自幼而孤，得到吴氏教诲，立下为国杀敌、求取功名的志向；长大以后，更是雄略超群，志气英发。B．来护儿推行善政，深受百姓拥戴。在瀛州刺史任上，他声名远闻，屡受嘉奖；炀帝时，百姓舍不得他回朝廷任职，上书请愿者达数百人。

C．来护儿直言劝谏，后被奸人杀害。他谏请炀帝停驾洛阳，不再远游江都，引发炀帝大怒，以致宇文化及杀害他时，炀帝也没有设法保护。

D．来护儿廉于财利，用兵极有谋略。他信守承诺，注重友情，轻视钱财，不置产业；善待士卒，处事严明，谋略多合兵法，部属争相尽力。7．把文中画横线的句子翻译成现代汉语．（10分）（1）陛下兴军旅，百姓易咨怨．车驾游幸，深恐非宜。

（2）不能肃淸凶逆，遂令王室至此，抱恨泉壤，知复何言！

六、2014年高考新课标1卷阅读下面的文言文，完成4～7题。

于休烈，河南人也。至性贞悫，机鉴敏悟。自幼好学，善属文。举进士，授秘书省正字。转比部员外郎，郎中。杨国忠辅政，排不附己者，出为中部郡太守。值禄山构难，肃宗践祚，休烈迁太常少卿，知礼仪事，兼修国史。肃宗自凤翔还京，励精听受，尝谓休烈日：“君举必书，良史也。朕有过失，卿书之否?”对日：“禹、汤罪己，其兴也勃焉。有德之君，不忘规过，臣不胜大庆。”时中原荡覆，典章殆尽，无史籍检寻。休烈奏日：“《国史》《实录》，圣朝大典，修撰多时，今并无本。伏望下御史台推勘史馆所由，令府县招访。有人别收得《国史》《实录》，如送官司，重加购赏。”前修史官工部侍郎韦述陷贼，入东京，至是以其家藏《国史》一百一十三卷送于官。休烈寻转工部侍郎、修国史，献《五代帝王论》，帝甚嘉之。宰相李揆矜能忌贤以体烈修国史与己齐列嫉之奏为国子祭酒权留史馆修撰以下之休烈恬然自持殊不介意代宗即位，甄别名品，宰臣元栽称之，乃拜右散骑常侍，依前兼修国史，累封东海郡公，加金紫光禄大夫。在朝凡三十余年，历掌清要，家无儋石之蓄。恭俭温仁，未尝以喜愠形于颜色。而亲贤下士，推毂后进，虽位崇年高，曾无倦色。笃好坟籍，手不释卷，以至于终。大历七年卒，年八十一。是岁春，休烈妻韦氏卒。上特诏赠韦氏国夫人，葬日给卤簿鼓吹。及闻休烈卒，追悼久之，褒赠尚书左仆射，赙绢百匹、布五十端，遣谒者内常侍吴承倩就私第宣慰。儒者之荣，少有其比。

（节选自《旧唐书·于休烈传》）4．对下列句子中加点的词语的解释，不正确的一项是（3分）A．自幼好学，善属文属文：撰写文章。B．值禄山构难，肃宗践祚践祚：帝王即位。C．肃宗自凤翔还京，励精听受励精：专心致志。D．时中原荡覆，典章殆尽荡覆：动荡倾覆。5．对文中画波浪线部分的断句，正确的一项是（3分）A．宰相李揆矜能忌贤／以休烈修国史与己齐列／嫉之／奏为国子祭酒／权留史馆／修撰以下之／休烈恬然自持／殊不介意／ B．宰相李揆矜能忌贤／以休烈修国史与己齐列／嫉之／奏为国子祭酒／权留史馆修撰以下之／休烈恬然自持／殊不介意／ C．．宰相李揆矜能忌贤／以休烈修国史与己齐列／嫉之／奏为国子祭酒／权留史馆／修撰以下之／休烈恬然／自持殊不介意／

D宰相李揆矜能忌贤／以休烈修国史与己齐列／嫉之／奏为国子祭酒／权留史馆修撰以下之／休烈恬然／自持殊不介意／

6．下列对原文有关内容的概括和分析，不正确的一项是（3分）

A．休烈忠诚机敏，谨遵职业操守。他自幼好学，入仕后受到杨国忠排挤，离京到地方任职；安禄山叛乱后，他直言不讳地回答了肃宗关于史官职责的问题。

B．休烈审察形势，做好本职事务。当时历经战乱，典章史籍散佚，他提出购求当朝大典以备查检使用，最终得到前修史官韦述家藏《国史》一百余卷。C．休烈淡泊名利，终生好学不倦。他虽遭贬职，却恬然处之，毫不在意，在朝三十余年，历任要职，并无多少积蓄；喜好典籍，终日捧读，直至去世。

D．休烈夫妇去世，尽享身后哀荣。他夫人去世，皇上特诏追赠她国夫人；他本人去世，皇上追念许久，追赠他尚书左仆射，并派专人到他家表示慰问。7．把文中画横线的句子翻译成现代汉语。（10分）

（1）禹、汤罪己，其兴也勃焉。有德之君，不忘规过，臣不胜大庆。（2）而亲贤下士，推毂后进，虽位崇年高，曾无倦色。

七、2014年高考新课标2卷阅读下面的文言文，完成4~7题。

韩文，字贯道，成化二年举进士，除工科给事中，出为湖广右参议。中贵督太和山，干没公费。文力遏之，以其羡易粟万石，备振贷。九溪土酋与邻境争地相攻，文往谕，皆服。弘治十六年拜南京兵部尚书。岁侵，米价翔踊。文请预发军饷三月，户部难之。文曰：“救荒如救焚，有罪，吾自当之。”乃发廪十六万石，米价为平。明年召拜户部尚书。文凝厚雍粹，居常抑抑。至临大事，刚断无所挠。武宗即位，赏赉及山陵、大婚诸费，需银百八十万两有奇，部帑不给。文请先发承运库，诏不许。文言：“帑藏虚，赏赉自京边军士外，请分别给银钞，稍益以内库及内府钱，并暂借勋戚赐庄田税，而敕承运库内官核所积金银，著之籍。且尽罢诸不急费。”旧制，监局、仓库内官不过二三人，后渐添注，或一仓十余人，文力请裁汰。淳安公主赐田三百顷，复欲夺任丘民业，文力争乃止。文司国计二年，力遏权幸，权幸深疾之。而是时青宫旧奄刘瑾等八人号“八虎”日导帝狗马鹰兔歌舞角抵不亲万几文每退朝对僚属语及辄泣下郎中李梦阳进曰：“公诚及此时率大臣固争，去‘八虎’易易耳。”文捋须昂肩，毅然改容曰：“善。纵事勿济，吾年足死矣，不死不足报国。”即偕诸大臣伏阙上疏，疏入，帝惊泣不食。瑾等大惧。瑾恨文甚，日令人伺文过。逾月，有以伪银输内库者，遂以为文罪。诏降一级致仕，瑾恨未已，坐以遗失部籍，逮文下诏狱。数月始释，罚米千石输大同。寻复罚米者再，家业荡然。瑾诛，复官，致仕。嘉靖五年卒，年八十有六。（节选自《明史·韩文传》 4．对下列句子中加点的词的解释，不正确的一项是（3分）A．以其羡易粟万石，备振贷振：救济。B．救荒如救焚，有罪，吾自当之当：承担。C．至临大事，刚断无所挠临：面对。D．核所积金银，著之籍著：彰显。5．对文中画波浪线部分的断句，正确的一项是（3分）

A．而是时青宫旧奄刘瑾等八人/号“八虎”日导帝/狗马/鹰兔/歌舞/角抵/不亲万几/文每退朝/对僚属语及/辄泣下/ B．而是时青宫旧奄刘瑾等八人/号“八虎”日导帝/狗马/鹰兔/歌舞/角抵/不亲万几/文每退朝/对僚属/语及辄泣下/ C．而是时青宫旧奄刘瑾等八人号“八虎” /日导帝狗马/鹰兔/歌舞/角抵/不亲万几/文每退朝/对僚属语及/辄泣下/ D．而是时青宫旧奄刘瑾等八人号“八虎” /日导帝狗马/鹰兔/歌舞/角抵/不亲万几/文每退朝/对僚属/语及辄泣下/ 6．下列对原文的概括和分析，不正确的一项是（3分）

A．韩文为官清正，关注民众生活，他在湖广，妥善处理九溪士酋与临境争第一事；担任南京兵部尚书时，年成歉收，他开仓取粮十六万石，平抑米价。

B．韩文刚正不屈，敢于奏议国事，武宗继位，诸项费用供给不足，他不顾非议，一再提出自己看法；有关机构冗员渐增，他援引成例，着手压缩编制。C．韩文疾恶如仇，尽力遏制权幸，宦官刘瑾等每日引诱皇上沉溺于声色狗马，不理政事，他采用李梦阳的建议，冒死谏诤，打击了刘瑾等的嚣张气焰。

D．韩文刚者易折，饱受政敌陷害，刘瑾以遗失部籍作为罪名，逮捕韩文，释放后又两次罚米，使他倾家荡产；直到刘瑾被诛后，韩文才复官而后退休。7．把文中画横线的句子翻译成现代汉语。（10分）

（1）淳安公主赐田三百顷，复欲夺任丘民业，文力争乃止。

（2）即偕诸大臣伏阙上书，疏入，帝惊泣不食，瑾等大惧。

八、2013年高考新课标Ⅰ卷阅读下面的文言文，完成4—7题。

马文升，字负图，貌瑰奇多力。登景泰二年进士，授御史。历按山西、湖广，风裁甚著。成化初，召为南京大理卿，满四之乱，录功进左副都御史，振巩昌、临洮饥民，抚安流移。绩甚著。是时败寇黑水口，又败之汤羊岭，勒石纪之而还。进右都御史，总督漕运。淮、徐、和饥，移江南粮十万石、盐价银五万两振之。孝宗即位，召拜左都御史。弘治元年上言十五事，悉议行。帝耕藉田，教坊以杂戏进。文升正色曰：“新天子当使知稼穑艰难，此何为者？”即斥去。明年，为兵部尚书，督团营如故。承平既久，兵政废弛，西北部落时伺塞下。文升严核诸将校，黜贪懦者三十余人。奸人大怨，夜持弓矢伺其门，或作谤书射入东长安门内。为兵部十三年，尽心戎务，于屯田、马政、边备、守御，数条上便宜。国家事当言者，即非职守，亦言无不尽。尝以太子年及四龄，当早谕教。请择醇谨老成知书史者，保抱扶持，凡言语动止悉导之以正。山东久旱，浙江及南畿水灾，文升请命所司振恤，练士卒以备不虞。帝皆深纳之。在班列中最为耆硕，帝亦推心任之。诸大臣莫敢望也。吏部尚书屠滽罢，倪岳代滽，岳卒，以文升代。南京、凤阳大风雨坏屋拔木，文升请帝减膳撤乐，修德省愆，御经筵，绝游宴；停不急务，止额外织造；振饥民，捕盗贼。已，又上吏部职掌十事。帝悉褒纳。正德时，朝政已移于中官，文升老，连疏求去，许之。家居，非事未尝入州城。语及时事，辄颦蹙不答。五年卒，年八十五。文升有文武才，长于应变，朝端大议往往待之决。功在边镇，外国皆闻其名。尤重气节，厉廉隅，直道而行。卒后逾年，大盗至钧州，以文升家在，舍之去。（节选自《明史·马文升传》）

4．对下列句子中加点的词解释，不正确的一项是（）（3分）A．登景泰二年进士

登：升职 B．录功进左副都御史

录：记载 C．振巩昌、临洮饥民

振：救济 D．勒石纪之而还

勒：铭刻

5．以下各组句子中，全都表明马文升劝谏皇上修身爱民内容的一组是（）（3分）

①新天子当使知稼穑艰难 ②即非值守，亦言无不尽

③凡言语动止悉导之以正 ④文升请命所司振恤

⑤减膳撤乐，修德省愆 ⑥止额外织造，振饥民，捕盗贼 A．①②③ B．①⑤⑥ C．②④⑥ D．③④⑤

6．下列对原文有关内容的概括和分析，不正确的一项是（）（3分）

A．马文升仕途顺利，政绩卓越。他被委任御史以后，历任多项职务。功业主要表现在两个方面：一是处理受灾民众的善后问题；二是击败扰乱社会秩序的贼寇。

B．马文升为人正直，处事严明。他敢于直言劝谏，奏事进言均得到采纳；又能够严格考察部属，曾罢免贪婪懦弱者三十余人，奸人怨恨，对他大肆威胁和污蔑。

C．马文升尽心军事，关注民生。他任兵部尚书十多年，对屯田、边备等职责勇于进言。在代吏部尚书时，南京等地遭遇风雨灾害，他又请求皇上救助灾地百姓。D．马文升文武全才，名声远扬。朝廷大事往往等他决断，又有显赫边功，外国皆闻其名。为人重气节，品行端正，以至于大盗各处骚扰，也不去钧州他的家乡。7 ．把文中划横线的句子翻译成现代汉语。（10分）

（1）在班列中最为耆硕，帝亦推心任之，诸大臣莫敢望也。

（2）家居，非事未尝入州城。语及时事，辄颦蹙不答。

九、2013年高考全国Ⅱ卷阅读下面的文言文，完成4-7题。

李揆字端卿，祖籍陇西成纪人，而家于郑州，代为冠族。少聪敏好学，善属文。开元末，举进士，献书阙下，诏中书试文章，擢拜右拾遗。乾元初，兼礼部侍郎。揆尝以主司取士，多不考实，徒峻其堤防，索其书策，深昧求贤之意也。其试进士文章，曰：“大国选士，但务得才，经籍在此，请恣寻检。”由是数月之间，美声上闻，自此颇承恩遇，遂蒙大用。时京师多盗贼，有通衢杀人置沟中者，李辅国方恣横，上请选羽林骑士五百人以备巡检。揆上疏曰：“昔西汉以南北军相摄，故周勃因南军入北军，遂安刘氏。皇朝置南北衙，文武区分，以相伺察。今以羽林代金吾警夜，忽有非常之变，将何以制之？”遂制罢羽林之请。

揆在相位，决事献替，虽甚博辨，性锐于名利，深为物议所非。又其兄皆自有时名，滞于冗官，竟不引进。同列吕諲，地望虽悬，政事在揆之右。罢相，自宾客为荆南节度，声问甚美。惧其重入，遂密令直省至諲管内构求諲过失。諲密疏自陈，乃贬揆莱州长史同正员，揆既黜官，数日，其兄皆改授为司门员外郎。后累年，揆量移歙州刺史。初，揆秉政，侍中苗晋卿累荐元载为重官。揆自恃门望，以载地寒，意甚轻易，不纳，而谓晋卿曰：“龙章凤姿之士不见用，麞头鼠目之子乃求官。”载衔恨颇深。及载登相位，因揆当徙职，遂奏为试秘书监，江淮养疾。既无禄俸，家复贫乏，孀孤百口，丐食取给。萍寄诸州，凡十五六年，其牧守稍薄，则又移居，故其迁徙者，盖十余州焉。元载以罪诛，除揆睦州刺史，入拜国子祭酒、礼部尚书，为卢杞所恶。德宗在山南，令充入蕃会盟使，加左仆射。行至凤州，以疾卒，兴元元年四月也，年七十四。（节选自《旧唐书·李揆传》）

4．对下列句子中加点的词的解释，不正确的一项是（）（3分）A．而家于郑州，代为冠族代：世世。B．少聪敏好学，善属文

属：撰写。C．深昧求贤之意也

昧：冒犯。D．经籍在此，请恣寻检

恣：任意。

5．一下各组句子中，全部表明李揆深受朝廷器重的一组是（）（3分）

①献书阙下，诏中书试文章

②自此颇承恩遇，遂蒙天用

③遂制罢羽林之请

④后累年，揆量移歙州刺史

⑤奏为试秘书监，江淮养疾

⑥入拜国子祭酒、礼部尚书 A．①②⑥ B．①③④ C．②④⑤ D．③⑤⑥ 6．下列对原文有关内容的概括和分析，不正确的一项是（）（3分）

A．李揆自幼好学，入仕后美名上闻。他出身显贵人家，聪明敏捷，好学上进，开元末年步入仕途。他主张考查进士务必选拔有真实才能的人，受到广泛好评。

B．李揆有远见卓识，上疏得到认可。当时京城治安混乱，盗贼杀人，李辅国请求选羽林军以备巡视。李揆引西汉旧事说明，如羽林警夜则难以应付突然之变。C．李揆汲汲于名利，深受人们非议。他在相位时，论及大事头头是道，却热衷追名逐利。他嫉妒吕諲地位超过自己，密令捏造吕的过失，最后反而自食其果。D．李撰与元载交恶，仕途遭遇坎坷。他自恃门望高贵，鄙薄元载出身寒微，元怀恨在心。元登相位后，对他报复，致使他全家衣食无着，在各州飘泊十多年。7．把文中画横线的句子翻译成现代汉语。（10分）（1）其兄皆自有时名，滞于冗官，竟不引进。

（2）其牧守稍薄，则又移居，故其迁徙者，盖十余州焉。

十、2012年高考课标卷阅读下面的文言文，完成4～7题。

萧燧，字照邻，临江军人。燧生而颖异，幼能属文。绍兴十八年，擢进士高第。授平江府观察推官。时秦桧当国，其亲党密告燧，秋试必主文①漕台，燧诘其故，曰：“丞相有子就举，欲以属公。”燧怒曰：“初仕敢欺心耶！”桧怀之，既而被檄秀州，至则员溢，就院易一员往漕闱，秦熺果中前列。孝宗初，除诸王宫大小学教授。轮对，论“官当择人，不当为人择官。”上喜，制《用人论》赐大臣。淳熙二年，进起居郎。先是，察官阙，朝论多属燧，以未历县，遂除左司谏。时宦官甘昪之客胡与可、都承旨王抃之族叔秬皆持节于外，有所依凭，无善状，燧皆奏罢之。时复议进取，上以问燧，对曰：“今贤否杂揉，风俗浇浮，兵未强，财未裕，宜卧薪尝胆以图内治。若恃小康，萌骄心，非臣所知。”上曰：“忠言也。”因劝上正纪纲，容直言；亲君子，远小人；近习有劳可赏以禄，不可假以权。上皆嘉纳。出知严州。严地狭财匮，始至，官镪②不满三千，燧俭以足用。二年之间，以其羡补积逋，诸邑皆宽。上方靳职名，非功不予，诏燧治郡有劳，除敷文阁待制，移知婺州。父老遮道，几不得行，送出境者以千数。婺与严邻，人熟知条教，不劳而治。岁旱，浙西常平司请移粟于严，燧谓：“东西异路，不当与，然安忍于旧治坐视？”为请诸朝，发太仓米振之。八年，召还，言：“江、浙再岁水旱，愿下诏求言，仍令诸司通融郡县财赋，毋但督迫。”十年，上言广西诸郡民身丁钱之弊。事多施行。庆典霈泽，丁钱减半，亦自燧发之。绍熙四年卒，年七十七。

【注】①主文：主持考试。②镪：成串的钱

4．对下面句子中加点的词的解释，不正确的一项是（）（3分）A．桧怀之，既而被檄秀州怀：衔恨 B．丞相有子就举，欲以属公属：托付 C．就院易一员往漕闱易：更换 D．察官阙，朝论多属燧阙：失职

5．以下各组句子中，全都表明萧燧恪尽职守的一组是（）（3分）

①燧怒曰：“初仕敢欺心耶！” ②论“官当择人，不当为人择官。”

③有所依凭，无善状，燧皆奏罢之 ④若恃小康，萌骄心，非臣所知

⑤官镪不满三千，燧俭以足用 ⑥为请诸朝，发太仓米振之 A．①④⑥ B．①③⑤C．②③④ D．②⑤⑥ 6．下列对原文有关内容的概括分析，不正确的一项是（）（3分）

A．萧燧天分很高，为官不畏权贵。他自幼能文，进士及弟后进入仕途；其时秦桧当权，与其亲党密告萧，要他主持秋试录用其子秦熺，遭到萧的拒绝。

B．萧燧刚直敢言，所奏切中时弊。皇上向他征询意见，他乘便讽劝皇上亲近君子疏远小人，亲信有功可赏赐财物却不可赋予权力，得到皇上赞许采纳。

C．萧燧政绩卓著，受到皇上嘉勉。严州面积狭小财物匮乏，他勤俭理政，以盈余填补拖欠，各地都感到宽松；皇上升迁萧燧的职位，调他去治理婺州。

D．萧燧回到朝廷，仍关注各地大事。淳熙年间，江浙两年水涝干旱，他奏请下诏诸司协助解决，又奏言广西百姓深受丁钱之害，建议大多得以施行。7．把文中画横线的句子翻译成现代汉语。（10分）

（1）今贤否杂揉，风俗浇浮，兵未强，财未裕，宜卧薪尝胆以图内治。

（2）燧谓：“东西异路，不当与，然安忍于旧治坐视？”

十一、2011年高考全国Ⅰ卷阅读下面的文言文，文成文后各题。

何灌字仲源，开封祥符人。武选登第，为河东从事。经略使韩缜语之曰：“君奇士也，他日当据吾坐。”为府州、火山军巡检。辽人常越境而汲，灌亲申画界堠，遏其来，忿而举兵犯我。灌迎高射之，发辄中，或著崖石皆没镞，敌惊以为神，逡巡敛去。后三十年，契丹萧太师与灌会，道曩事，数何巡检神射，灌曰：“即灌是也。”萧矍然起拜。为河东将，与夏人遇，铁骑来追，灌射皆彻甲，至洞胸出背，叠贯后骑，羌惧而引却。张康国荐于徽宗，召对，问西北边事，以笏画御榻，指坐衣花纹为形势。帝曰：“敌在吾目中矣。”提点河东刑狱，迁西上阁门使、领威州刺史、知沧州。以治城鄣功，转引进使。诏运粟三十万石于并塞三州，灌言：“水浅不胜舟，陆当用车八千乘，沿边方登麦，愿以运费增价就籴之。”奏上，报可。未几，知岷州，引邈川水溉间田千顷，湟人号广利渠。徙河州，复守岷，提举熙河兰湟弓箭手。入言：“若先葺渠引水，使田不病旱，则人乐应募，而射士之额足矣。”从之。甫半岁，得善田二万六千顷，募士七千四百人，为他路最。陪辽使射玉津园，一发破的，再发则否。客曰：“太尉不能耶？”曰：“非也，以礼让客耳。”整弓复中之，观者诵叹，帝亲赐酒劳之。迁步军都虞候。金师南下，悉出禁旅付梁方平守黎阳。靖康元年正月二日，次滑州，方平南奔，灌亦望风迎溃。黄河南岸无一人御敌，金师遂直叩京城。灌至，乞入见，不许，而令控守西隅。背城拒战凡三日，被创，没于阵，年六十二。4．对下列句子中加点的词的解释，不正确的一项是（）A．辽人常越境而汲汲：取水。B．灌迎高射之，发辄中迎：面对。C．敌惊以为神，逡巡敛去敛：躲藏。D．铁骑来追，灌射皆彻甲彻：穿透。5．以下各组句子中，全都表明何灌行事有成的一组是（）

①灌亲申画界堠，遏其来 ②或著崖石皆没镞

③至洞胸出背，叠贯后骑 ④愿以运费增价就籴之

⑤得善田二万六千顷 ⑥陪辽使射玉津园，一发破的 A．①②⑤ B．①③④C．②④⑥ D．③⑤⑥ 6．下列对原文有关内容的概括和分析，不正确的一项是（）（3分）

A．何灌有军事才能，射技震惊契丹。经略使韩缜极为赏识他，认为终将取代自己；在守边时，何灌大显神威，以致三十年后提及往事契丹太师都惊恐起拜．

B．何灌深谙西北边事，受到徽宗赞许。他任河东将时奋勇击退外敌，经辛荐得到徽宗召问，他用笏板指画以助讲解，形象生动，徽宗很快明白了边战形势

C．何灌善于治理政务，举措得到皇上认可。为完成运粮任务，他建议将水运改为陆运；在招募射士时，又提出修渠引水，兴造良田，使剩余劳力乐于应募。

D．何灌力守京城，拒不降敌，不幸阵亡。金兵南下，梁万平弃城逃遁，何灌阻止溃退未成；金兵长驱直下，逼近京城，何灌领命背城抗敌三日，受伤战死。7．把文中画横线的句子翻译成现代汉语。（10分）（1）整弓复中之，观者诵叹，帝亲赐酒劳之。

（2）灌至，乞入见，不许，而令控守西隅。

十二、2011年高考全国Ⅱ卷阅读下面的文言文，完成文后各题。

熊鼎，字伯颍，临川人。元末举于乡，长龙溪书院。江西寇乱，鼎结乡兵自守。陈友谅屡胁之，不应。邓愈镇江西，数延见，奇其才，荐之。太祖欲官之，以亲老辞，乃留愈幕府赞军事。母丧除，召至京师，授德清县丞。松江民钱鹤皋反，邻郡大惊，鼎镇之以静。迁起居注，承诏搜括故事可惩戒者，书新宫壁间。舍人耿忠使广信还，奏郡县官违法状，帝遣御史廉之。而时已颁赦书，丞相李善长再谏不纳，鼎偕给事中尹正进曰：“朝廷布大信于四方，复以细故烦御史，失信，且亵威。”帝默然久之，乃不遣御史。洪武改元，新设浙江按察司，以鼎为佥事，分部台、温。台、温自方氏窃据，伪官捍将二百人，暴横甚。鼎尽迁之江、淮间，民始安。平阳知州梅镒坐赃，辨不已，民数百咸诉知州无罪。鼎将听之，吏白鼎：“释知州，如故出何？”鼎叹曰：“法以诛罪，吾敢畏谴，诛无罪人乎！”释镒，以情闻，报如其奏。宁海民陈德仲支解黎异，异妻屡诉不得直。鼎乃逮德仲，鞫实，立正其罪。是秋，山东初定，设按察司，复以鼎为佥事。鼎至，奏罢不职有司数十辈，列部肃清。鼎欲稽官吏利弊，乃令郡县各置二历，日书所治讼狱钱粟事，一留郡县，一上宪府，递更易，按历钩考之，莫敢隐者。八年，西部朵儿只班率部落内附，改鼎岐宁卫经历。既至，知寇伪降，密疏论之。帝遣使慰劳，赐裘帽，复遣中使赵成召鼎。鼎既行，寇果叛，胁鼎北还。鼎责以大义，骂之，遂与成及知事杜寅俱被杀。（节选自《明史·熊鼎传》）8．对下列句子中加点的词的解释，不正确的一项是（）A．元末举于乡，长龙溪书院长：执掌 B．江西寇乱，鼎结乡兵自守结：聚合 C．邓愈镇江西，数延见延：招聘 D．乃留愈幕府赞军事赞：辅佐

9．以下各组句子中，全部表明熊鼎处事精细求实的一组是（）

①太祖欲官之，以亲老辞 ②复以细故烦御史

③吾敢畏谴，诛无罪人乎 ④乃逮德仲，鞠实，立正其罪

⑤按历钩考之，莫敢隐者 ⑥知寇伪降，密疏论之 A．①②⑤ B．①④⑥ C．②③④ D．③⑤⑥

10．下列对原文有关内容的概括和分析，不正确的一项是（）

A．熊鼎卓有才能，处变不惊。他深受邓愈器重，留在邓手下任职；为母亲守孝后担任德清县丞，其时松江有人叛乱，邻郡惊恐，他冷静地控制了本县局面。B．熊鼎思虑周详，维护朝廷威信。广信郡县官员违法，皇上已颁发赦令，此时又要查究；熊鼎认为朝廷应当取信天下，不应为小事出尔反尔，皇上这才作罢。

C．熊鼎治政有方，坚持依法办事。分管台、温事务时，他迁走凶恶残暴的官将，百姓方才安定；平阳知州梅镒被诬贪污行贿，他听从民意，依法予以释放。

D．熊鼎面对威逼，表现出凛然正气。朵儿只班率部投靠朝廷，熊鼎察觉其中有诈，不久叛寇果然作乱，并胁迫他北还，他维护正义，责骂叛寇，最终被杀。

11．把第一卷文言文阅读材料中划横线的句子翻译成现代汉语。（10分）（1）鼎至，奏罢不职有司数十辈，列部肃清。

（2）帝遣使慰劳，赐裘帽，复遣中使赵成召鼎。

2010-2014年高考语文近五年试题前五个题目及答案

第一篇：2010-2014年高考语文近五年试题前五个题目及答案

第二篇：英语三级近五年考试试题及答案

第三篇：近五年中考语文古文试题

第四篇：近五年全国高考语文作文题目解析

第五篇：近五年高考语文全国卷文言文阅读

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