英语 及连词

第一篇：英语 及连词

最近，某中学生英文报开设了“After-class Activities”的栏目，请你根据以下提示，为该栏目写一篇英文稿件，并鼓励同学们积极参加课外活动。

1.你校开展课外活动的情况；

2.你参加过的课外活动及给你带来的益处

3.为同学选择课外活动提出建议

4.为学校开展课外活动提出建议

注意：

1.词数100左右；

2.文中不得提及人名、校名及地名‘

3.稿件的开头以为你写好（不计入总词数）

After-class Activities

Nowadays, after-class activities are becoming more and more popular in high schools.....范文一：

After-classActivities

Nowadays, after-class activities are becoming more and more popular in high schools.In our school, there are various kinds of activities, for example, arts and sports.We enjoy them very much.Playing football and reading stories are my favorites which do me lots of good.Besides building my body and enriching my knowledge, they also free me from the heavy work of study.Here I have some suggestions.To students, you’d better choose the activities which interest you and suit you;to schools, they should organize more activities for students and leave students more time for activities by giving them less homework.Dear friends, please actively take part in after-class activities, which will not only make your school life colorful, but also improve you learning.1)表层次: first,firstly, to begin with, further, in the first placesecond,secondly, to start with, still, furthermorethird,thirdly, what is more, last, last but not leastalso, and then, next, besides

2)表转折； by contrastalthoughthough yetat the same timebutdespitein contrast neverthelesseven thoughfor all thaton the contraryhoweverin spite ofon the other handotherwise i nstead stillregardless

3)表因果； Thereforeconsequentlybecause offor the reasonthushencedue toowing toso accordinglythanks toon this accountin this wayfor as a resultas a consequence

4）表让步：still neverthelessconcession grantednaturallyin spite ofthe same ofcourse despiteeven so after all

5)表递近： furthermoremoreoverlikewisewhat is more besidesalsonot only...but also...in addition

6)表举例： for examplefor instancefor one thing

7)表解释： as a matter of factfrankly speakingin this casein other words

8)表总结： in summaryin a wordin briefin conclusionaltogetherin other wordsto concludein factfinallyin simpler termsin other words

第二篇：英语连词总结

英语连接词

连接词的意义分类

表递进moreover, in addition, what is more，furthermore, also, then, besides, etc.表转折however, nevertheless, on the other hand, on the contrary, etc.表层次on the one hand,...on the other hand;first,...second,...finally;表强调firstly,...secondly,...finally...;first,...then...etc.表强调in fact, indeed, actually, as a matter of fact, obviously, apparently, 表结果evidently, first of all, undoubtedly, without any shadow of doubt, etc.表结尾therefore, as a result, then, consequently, accordingly, thus, etc.表例举in a word, in conclusion, therefore, in short, to sum up, etc.表强调still, Indeed, apparently, oddly enough, of course, after all, significantly, interestingly, also, above all, surely, certainly, undoubtedly, in any case, anyway, above all, in fact, especially.Obviously, clearly.表比较like, similarly, likewise, in the same way, in the same manner, equally.表对比by contrast, on the contrary, while, whereas, on the other hand, unlike, instead, but, conversely, different from, however, nevertheless, otherwise, whereas, unlike, yet, in contrast.表列举for example, for instance, such as, take...for example.Except(for), to illustrate.表时间later, next, then, finally, at last, eventually, meanwhile, from now on, at the same time, for the time being, in the end, immediately, in the meantime, in the meanwhile, recently, soon, now and then, during, nowadays, since, lately, as soon as, afterwards, temporarily, earlier, now, after a while.first after a few days eventually at that time in the meantime meanwhile afterward from then on 表顺序first, second, third, then, finally, to begin with, first of all, in the first place, last, next, above all, last but not the least, first and most important.表可能presumably, probably, perhaps.表解释in other words, in fact, as a matter of fact, that is, namely, in simpler terms.表递进What is more, in addition, and, besides, also, furthermore, too, moreover, furthermore, as well as, additionally, again.表让步although, after all, in spite of..., despite, even if, even though, though, admittedly, whatever may happen.表转折however, rather than, instead of, but, yet, on the other hand, unfortunately.whereas 表原因for this reason, due to, thanks to, because, because of, as, since, owing to.表结果as a result, thus, hence, so, therefore, accordingly, consequently, as consequence.表总结on the whole, in conclusion, in a word, to sum up, in brief, in summary, to conclude, to summarize, in short.其他类型连接词

Mostly, occasionally, currently, naturally, mainly, exactly, evidently, frankly, commonly, for this purpose, to a large extent, for most of us, in many cases, in this case, 表空间near to far from in the front of beside behind to the right to the left on the other side of 表举例 for example to name a few, say , such as 表递进in addition furthermore what’s more what’s worse 表对比whereas while as opposed to by contrast by comparison 表示时间与频率的词汇:in general, every, some, after, on the whole, usually, most, at other times, in most cases, frequently, main, finally, as a rule, rarely, before, meanwhile.表示附加的词:additionally, as well as, just as, again, along with, also, further, furthermore, likewise, in the same manner, in the same way, in addition to，引出例子:for example, namely, for instance, as an example, that is

表示转折:although, instead, rather than, but, nevertheless, though, however, on the other hand, otherwise

得出结论:all in all, in consequence, in brief, as a result, the point is, in conclusion, therefore, hence, in sum.表示增加的过渡词：also，and，and then，too，in addition，furthermore，moreover，again，on top of that，another，first second third等。

表示时间顺序的过渡词：now，then，before，after，afterwards，earlier，later，immediately，soon，next，in a few days，gradually，suddenly，finally等。

表示空间顺序的过渡词：near（to），far（from），in front of，behind，beside，beyond，above，below，to the right（left），around，outside等。

表示比较的过渡词：in the same way，just like，just as等。

表示对照的过渡词：but，still，yet，however，on the other hand，on the contrary，in spite of，even though等。

表示结 果 和 原 因 的 过 渡 词：because，since，so，as a result，therefore，hence，thus，otherwise等。

表示目的的过渡词：for this reason，for this purpose，so that等。

表示强调的过渡词：in fact，indeed，surely，necessarily，certainly，without any doubt，truly，to repeat，above all，most important等。

表示解释说明的过渡词：for example，in fact，in this case，for actually等。

表示总结的过渡词：finally，at last，in conclusion，as I have shown，in other word，in brief，in short，in general，on the whole，as has been stated等

增补(Addition)in addition, furthermore, again, also, besides, moreover, what’s more, similarly, next, finally.比较(Comparison)in the same way, likewise, similarly, equally, in comparison, just as

对照(Contrast)whereas, in contrast, on the other hand, instead, however, nevertheless, unlike, even though, on the contrary, while

因果(Cause and effect)because, because of, for, since, due to, owing to, thanks to, as a result(of), accordingly, hence, so, thus

强调(Emphasis)certainly, above all, indeed, of course, surely, actually, as a matter of fact, chiefly, especially, primarily, in particular, undoubtedly, absolutely, most important

6.让步(Concession)although, though, after all, in spite of, nevertheless, still, provided, while it is true....7.例证(Exemplification)for example, for instance, that is, namely, such as, in other words, in this case, by way of illustration.总结(Conclusion)to sum up, to conclude, in a word, in short, in brief, all in all, in all, to put it in a nut shell, in summary

推断(Inference)therefore, as a result(of), consequently, accordingly, so, otherwise

时间和空间(Time and space)afterward, after, first, later, then, soon, outside, near, beyond, above, below, on the right(left), in the middle, opposite, in front of

表示罗列增加（递进）

first, second, third, firstly, secondly, thirdly, first, then / next, after that / next, finally / last / last but not least, and equally important, on(the)one hand…, on the other hand…, besides / what’s more / in addition(to sth.)/ furthermore / moreover / another / also / too, plus, as well, especially / particularly / in particular 表示时间顺序

now, at present, recently, after, afterwards, after that, after a while, in a few days, at first, at the beginning(of sth.), to begin with, to start with

第三篇：英语连词成句子

1他对子女要求很严格。He, his children, is strict with

_____________________________________________________________________ 2你想喝点什么？would, what, like, to, drink, you

_____________________________________________________________________ 3我放学后喜欢去滑冰。like, go skating, after school

_____________________________________________________________________ 4我喜欢跳舞，我想加入舞蹈俱乐部。like, and, the dance club, to join

_____________________________________________________________________

5__________________________（我决定修理一下屋子）when my mother went out.6_______________________（孩子们正在为新年聚会做准备）the New year’s party.7你多久去听一次音乐会？how often, you, go to the concert, did

_____________________________________________________________________ 8你是和你的朋友一起去看的电影吗？do, go to the movies, with, your friends

_____________________________________________________________________

9______________do you go to Shanghai(你多长时间去一次上海)？I ___________________________________________(想要加入英语俱乐部).我可以留一个口信儿吗。can, a message, leave, I

_____________________________________________________________________ 12 我打算这个周末帮助我妈妈做家务。I, helping, this weekend, with, my mother, be, the housework

_____________________________________________________________________ 13 我们为什么不做点完全不同的事情呢？ we, why, don’t, different, something, totally, do

_____________________________________________________________________14 咱们今晚熬夜吧。tonight, stay up, let’s, late

_____________________________________________________________________ 15 我喜欢北京的秋天，你呢？

I like the autumn in Beijing._______________ you?王老师病了，咱们去看她吧。

Mrs Wang is ill.______________________________ to see her.很抱歉今天不能陪你去购物，明天怎么样？

I’m sorry I can’t go shopping with you today.___________tomorrow?我打算将来当一名医生。I, be a doctor, in the future, be going to

_____________________________________________________________________ 19 英语对我们来讲是一门外语并且它很有用。foreign language, is, English, a, for us, it’s, useful, and

_____________________________________________________________________ 20 为什么不早点把这个好消息告诉他呢？

______________ tell him the good news a little earlier?今天天气很好。为什么不出去散散步？

It’s fine today.____________ go out for a walk?_________________________________________(为什么不找一份兼职工作。)You are going to discover that English is_________________________________

___________________________(不仅是学校的开设的学科，还能带来很多快乐。)24 If the doctor thinks you’re okay.__________________(开始上游泳课怎么样？)25 你打算花多少钱买自行车？you, be, going to, buy, spend, how much, a bicycle, money, in

_____________________________________________________________________ 26 他打算这个周末帮助他妈妈做家务。

He _________________________________________ the house work this weekend.27 我们为什么不做点不一样的事情呢？

______________________________ something different?我打算花20美元买书。

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________（不要担心犯错误）—learn from them.Be patient,___________________________________(学英语是要花时间的)31 巴西在世界上以足球而著名。be famous for, Brazil, football, in the world

_____________________________________________________________________ 32 北京的人口要比西安多得多。

The total population of Beijing _______________________________.33 上海的人口比北京多。population, larger, a, Shanghai, have, than, Beijing

_____________________________________________________________________

当我们小的时候，我常常每年都来这里。

We ___________________________________when I was a kid.35 我昨天把书给Peter了。gave, to, the book

_____________________________________________________________________ 36他已经不住这儿了。lives, he, here, no longer

_____________________________________________________________________ 37 这个孩子擅长下棋。The boy, play chess

_____________________________________________________________________ 38 他知道如何设计电脑程序。know, design computer programs

_____________________________________________________________________ 39 At the age of twelve, she ____________________ancient Chinese history.（对中国古代史很感兴趣）。

By the time he was six, _______________________________（能说四种语言）。

_____________________________（你会走路吗）when you were two years old?

_______________________________（我不会唱英文歌曲）at the age of three.43 你昨天晚上九点在做什么？last night, you, doing, what, at nine, were

_____________________________________________________________________ 44 昨天的这个时候他们没在上英语课。yesterday, not, they, having an English class, were, at this time

_____________________________________________________________________ 45 昨天妈妈到家的时候，我正在做作业。get home, do my homework, my mother, when, yesterday

_____________________________________________________________________ 46 天开始下雨的时候，他们正在操场上打篮球。were playing basketball, began to rain, they, it, when, on the playground

_____________________________________________________________________ 47 我经过她的房间时，看见她在写作业。do homework, when, pass her room

_____________________________________________________________________ 48 Tom was having dinner with his parents______________________________（我打电话给他的时候）.49 昨天我们正玩游戏的时候，铃响了。while, we, play games, yesterday, the bell, ring

_____________________________________________________________________

我小的时候喜欢在雪里玩。enjoy, in the snow, child

_____________________________________________________________________ 51 我认为我们没做什么特别的事情。anything special

_____________________________________________________________________

I think, _________________________________________with a blanket(用毯子扑灭火是个好方法)。

你太小了，不能去参加晚会。go to, you, to, young, the party, are, too

_____________________________________________________________________

他没有足够的耐心和孩子们在一起。not, is, he, patient, young, children, enough, work with, to

_____________________________________________________________________ 55 我希望我的所有学生都对英语感兴趣。hope, all my students, English

_____________________________________________________________________ 56 让别人久等是不礼貌的。polite, keep, others, wait, for a long time

_____________________________________________________________________ 57 我们足够富有，能买得起这套房子。rich, afford this house

_____________________________________________________________________ 58 很多医护人员太忙了，顾不上吃饭。

Many doctors and nurses are ________________________ have their meals.59 他太害羞，不敢在公共场合做演讲。shy, speech, in public

_____________________________________________________________________

他们很难在这么短的时间内想出新的办法。

_____________________________________ a new way in such a short time.61 哥哥花了一个星期教我弹吉他。

_____________________________________ to play the guitar.62 我喜欢听音乐，但一点儿也不喜欢听摇滚乐。listen to music, listen to rock music

_____________________________________________________________________ 63 养宠物对孩子们有好处。be good for, have pets

_____________________________________________________________________ 64动物可以帮助孩子们好起来.can, help, animals, better, children, feel

_____________________________________________________________________

65学习如何独立处理我们生活中的问题是很必要的。Necessary, for us, deal with, by oneself

_____________________________________________________________________

66很难让他理解我的感受。be difficult, make…understand

_____________________________________________________________________

Now, __________________________________________(是你尽全力的时候了).68 _________________________________________________(我停止了读书)when my mother asked me to have supper.69 He ______________________________（喜欢做体育运动）in his spare time.70 He often ______________________________（帮助我学习数学）.71 山姆叔叔是1965年出生的。Uncle Sam, 1965, was, in, born

_____________________________________________________________________

我们正在为新年晚会做准备。getting ready for, the New Year Party, are, we

_____________________________________________________________________

从美国回来后，他给了我一件漂亮的礼物。after，came back, from, America, a beautiful present._____________________________________________________________________

包饺子是很有趣的。interesting, make dumplings

_____________________________________________________________________

现在是新闻联播的时间。time, CCTV news, for, is, it

_____________________________________________________________________

爸爸让我把电视声音关小点儿。ask，turn，down, the TV

_____________________________________________________________________

77莉莉，七点了，该起床了。

It’s seven o’clock, Lily.___________________________________.78天色渐晚，我想我们该回家。

It’s ________________, so I think it’s time ___________________.79 我打算邀请我的朋友去公园。my friends, going to, I, the park, am, invite, to

_____________________________________________________________________ 80 孩子们要给他们的父亲买生日礼物吗？the kids, buy, birthday presents, their father

_____________________________________________________________________ 81我会帮你找到你丢失的自行车。help, you, find, your lost bike

_____________________________________________________________________

杰克正开着出租车在路上寻找着乘客。

Jack is driving his taxi in the street to________ ________customers.83 我小时侯常常去沙滩上玩。

I ________ ________ play on the beach when I was a kid.84巴西以足球而闻名。

Brazil _______ __________ ________football.85我不在家时请照看好我的小狗。

Please ________ ________ ________ my little dog while I’m away.86彼得打算这个周末帮助妈妈做些家务。

Peter is going to _________ his mother ________some housework this weekend.87今天我没有时间去看望他们。明天怎么样？

I have no time to see them today.________ __________tomorrow?

88博物馆很近。为什么不走着去呢？

The museum is quite near._________ __________go there on foot?

89这个孩子太小了还不能上学。

The boy is ________ young_______ go to school.90我认为你的答案不对。

I _________ _________ your answer is right.91多吃水果蔬菜对健康又好处。

__________________ your health to eat more vegetables and fruit.

第四篇：英语连词讲解

连词

Part One并列连词

一、表示选择的并列连词有：

1.and

Justice is on your side.And justice will triumph over injustice.正义在你们一边，而正义是会战胜非正义的。

Go ahead and you will see the hospital.2.both...and

A man should have both courage and perseverance.一个人既要有勇气又要有毅力Mary can both sing and dance.3.not only...but also

We should not only be bold, but also be cautious.我们不仅要大胆，而且要谨慎。The girl is not only pretty but also clever4.neither...nor

She could neither speak the language nor write it.这种语言她既不会说，也不会写。5.as well as

I have read one of his novels as well as a few of his plays.我读过他的一本小说和几个剧本。

二、表示转折或对比的并列连词有：

1.but

He tried hard but he was unsuccessful.他做了很大努力但没有成功。

2.yet

The car was old, yet it was in excellent condition.这辆车子很旧，但仍处于良好的状态。

3.however

She felt ill.She went to work, however, and tried to concentrate.她病了。然而她照旧去上班，并且尽力集中精神工作。

4.nevertheless

I don't know anything against that man;nevertheless I don't trust him.我对那个人没有什么不良的看法，但我不能信赖他。

三、表示选择的并列连词有：

1.or

You may do it yourself, or ask someone else to do it.你可以自己做或者让别人做。

2.either...or

I left it either on the table or in the drawer.我不是把它放在桌子上了，就是放在抽屉里了。除了表示选择外，or和either...or还可以表示否定的条件：

1)Now I must go or I shall be late for the party.我现在得走了，否则晚会我就要迟到了。

2)You'll either behave yourself, or you'll never go out with me.四、表示因果关系的并列连词有：

1.for

You'd better put on your sweater, for it's rather cold outside.你最好把毛衣穿上，外边相当冷。

2.so

My sister is expecting me，so I must be off now.姐姐在等我，因此我得走了。

3.therefore

You are right, therefore we should support you.你是对的，所以我们应当支持你。

4.hence

I fell off my bike yesterday—hence the bruises.Part Two从属连词

用于连接主句和名词性从句或状语从句的连词叫从属连词

一、引导名词性从句的从属连词有：

1.that

Joan said she would come.The trouble is that we are short of money.2.whether/ if

Ask her whether/if she will come with us.3.where, who, which, how

My question is where we can find him.二、引导状语从句的从属连词有：

a.时间状语从句

1.when

There was prolonged applause when he began to speak.他开始讲话时响起了经久不息的掌声。

2.while

We should strike while the iron is hot.我们要趁热打铁。

3.as

As(When)he entered, the hall burst into thunderous applause.当他进来时，全场发出雷鸣般的掌声。

4.after

After I visit Shanghai I'll travel up the Yangtze.访问上海之后，我将溯长江而上。

5.before

It would be months before he was fit for the work.要过好几个月他才能适应工作。

6.since

It is just a week since we arrived here.我们到这里才一个星期。

7.until(till)

I shall stay here until(till)I've completed my studies.我要在这里待到学习结束为止。I didn’t go home until I cleaned the classroom yesterday afternoon.8.as soon as

As soon as he got well, he went back to work.他病一好就回去上班了。

9.once

Once he said that, I knew he was lying.他一说这话我就知道他在撒谎。

b.原因状语从句

1.because: 原因最直接，语气最强

He failed because he was too careless.因为他太粗心，所以失败了。

2.as 原因十分明显，口语化

As it was already rather dark, we decided to stop at the temple for the night.因为已经相当晚了，我们决定在庙里待一夜。

3.since对方已知的，语气比because稍弱，多用于句首

Since you don't want to go, we won't force you to.既然你不愿意去，我们也不勉强你。

4.now that = since

Now that you are all back, we'd better start the work right away.你们既然都回来了，我们最好马上就开始工作。

5.considering(that)

They did the job quite well considering(that)they had no experience.考虑到他们没有什么经验，这项工作他们已经干得不错了。

6.seeing that

Seeing that(Since)nobody was very enthusiastic about it, they decided to cancel the trip.由于都没有很高的热情，他们决定取消这次旅行。

c.条件状语从句

1.if

If you can do it, so can I.你要是能办到，我也能办到。

2.even if

Even if you fail again, you shouldn't lose heart.3.unless

I won't go unless you want me to.除非你要我去，否则我是不会去的。

4.in case

We'd better take our raincoats in case it should rain(rains).我们最好把雨衣带着以防下雨。

5.provided /providing(that)

I'll come provided(providing)(that)you let me know in good time.你要是及时通知我是会来的。

6.suppose/supposing(that)

Suppose(Supposing)(that)he won't agree, what shall we do? 假如他不同意，我们怎么办？

7.as(so)long as

You may use the room as long as you keep it clean.只要保持清洁你可以用这个房间。

8.on condition(that)

I'll lend you the book on condition you return it on Monday.只要你能在星期一还我，这书我就借给你。

d.让步状语从句

although / though

Everybody worked with great enthusiasm although/though the weather was extremely cold.虽然天气很冷，大家工作得非常起劲。

e.比较状语从句

1.than

We have produced 20% more cotton this year than we did last year.我们今年棉花产量比去年高20%。

2.as(so)...as

He doesn't play half as well as his sister.他演奏的水平不及他姐姐的一半。

f.目的状语从句

1.lest

She explained again and again lest people should misunderstand her.她一再解释唯恐人们误解。

2.so that

Speak clearly so that we may understand you.讲话要清楚，以便我们能听明白。

3.in order that

He assigned us some books to read at home in order that(so that)we might have a deeper understanding of the subject.他指定几本书给我们回家看，以便我们对这一主题有一个较深的了解。

g.结果状语从句

1.so...that

She was so moved that tears came to her eyes.她感动得热泪盈眶。

2.such...that

It was such a boring speech that I fell asleep.演讲枯燥乏味，听得我都睡着了。

练习题

1.—Oh, I failed again

—Don’t lose heart.One more effort, ________ you will succeed.A.so that B.therefore C.however D.and

2.—How can I wake up so early?

—Set the alarm at 5 o’clock, ________ you’ll make it.A.but B.or C.and D.so

3.Information technology is taught in most schools, ________ we have entered the information society.A.so B.while C.still D.for

4.________ enough time, but I couldn’t do it better.A.I was given B.Given C.To be given D.Though I was given

5.English is understood all over the world ________ Turkey is spoken by only a few people outside Turkey itself.A.while B.when C.if D.as

6.________ I had walked for six hours, I was tired out.A.After B.Before C.When D.As

7.________ you understand this rule, you’ll have no further difficulty.A.OnceB.UnlessC.AsD.Until

8.A warning news report from Qatar announces that a group of Islam will continue to kill Americans wherever they are ________ they leave the Arab world forever.A.even though B.in case C.whenever D.until

9.________ the man grew older, he lost interest in everything except gardening.A.WithB.SinceC.WhileD.As

10.I was on the point of going to bed ________ Mr.Zhang rang.A.as B.when C.while D.and

11.In some countries, ______are called “public schools” are not owned by the public.A.which B.as C.what D.that

12.One of the men present held the view ________ the book said was right.A.what that B.what C.that D.that what

13.Tom make up his mind to get a seat for the football match ________ it means standing in a queue all night.A.as ifB.as thoughC.even ifD.whatever

14.________ he studies hard, he will never pass the examination.A.IfB.UnlessC.Even ifD.Even though

15.She worked hard ________ everything would be ready by the time he came back.A.sinceB.so thatC.as ifD.unless

16.I was so familiar with her that I recognized her voice ________ I picked up the phone.A.the moment B.after C.before D.while

17.The roof fell ________ he had time to dash into the house to save his baby.A.asB.afterC.untilD.before

18.Doing your homework is a sure way to improve your test scores, and this is especially true ________ it comes to classroom tests.A.asB.sinceC.whenD.after

19.I have been keeping that photo ________ I can see it every day, as it always reminds me of my college days.A.whichB.whereC.whetherD.when

20.You may borrow this book________ you promise to give it back.A.in caseB.as long asC.as ifD.even if

第五篇：英语连词知识点总结

英语连词知识点总结

一、并列连词

并列连词用来连接平行对等（即互不从属）的词、词组或分句。按照并列连词在句子中的作用可分为：并列关系，转折关系，选择关系，因果关系。

基本并列连词如 and, or , but , 关联连词如 either...or , neither...nor , not only...but also,both...and, whether...or 等；介于并列连词与从属连词或介词之间的结构如 as well as , as much as, rather than , more than, no less than 等；此外还有些'半连接词'，一些语法学家把它们称为连接副词，如 nevertheless, however, meanwhile, otherwise, likewise 等，在句中做连接性状语。这类连词主要是从逻辑上，而不是从形式上连接句子，其关系比较松散。

并列关系的连词有：and, both„and, not only„but also, as well as, and„as well, not„nor, neither„nor等。

1.and的基本用法是表示并列和对称关系。

例4 He sang and played the guitar.他一边唱歌一边弹吉他。

（1）两个对等的宾语或状语之间，在肯定句中用and，但在否定句中，不用and，一般用or或nor。

例5 Our college is not in Beijing or Shanghai.我们的学院既不在北京也不在上海。

（2）当一个句子中出现了两个否定词时，应该用and连接并列成分。这时and表示的也是全部否定。

例6 He did not talk loudly and also not clearly.他说话声音不大，也不清晰。

（3）and用来连接条件分句和结果分句，意思是“„„，那么„„”。当两个并列成分本身都是否定时，也要用and连接，and在这种情况下，仍然表示全部否定。

（4）在come, go, run, hurry up, stay, stop等动词后，and能用来代替省略to不定式引导的目的状语。

例7 Would you go and tell the children to shut up? 你能告诉孩子们别再说话了吗？

注：有时and后可用第三人称单数或过去式。

例8 He went and had a drink with us yesterday.昨天他来了，和我们喝了点酒。

用在try, wait等后，也有类似的用法，但只能用它们的原形。

例9 Try and get some water.尽量拿点水来。

（5）祈使句 + and 表示结果。

例10 Let’s give him some help, and he will be able to improve in his studies.咱们帮帮他，他一定会提高他的学习成绩。

（6）and that(or those)„，„„而且„„ 其作用是补充前面所说的话，以达到强调的目的。用来代表前一分句的全部或一部分。

例11 He speaks English, and that very well.他会说英语，而且说的很好。

（7）at once„ and „ 既 „„又„„

例12 The novel is at once interesting and instructive.那部小说既有趣，又有教育意义。

2.both „and连接两个平等的成分，避免用两个以上的平等的成分。

例13 A man should have both courage and perseverance.一个人应该既有勇气又有毅力。

3.not only„ but also„有时but或also可省略，not only位于句首要倒装。

例14 He is not only handsome but also clever.他不仅英俊潇洒，而且聪明。

4.as well as相当于连词，其意为in addition to，and also，besides等。as well as的侧重点在前，强调语气较强。连接两个名词时，谓语动词要与第一个名词相一致。

例15 He as well as I agrees with you.他和我一样都同意你的观点。

例16 His parents as well as he are very kind to me.他的父母和他都对我很好。

5.neither„nor„ 它们可单独使用，位于句首时要倒装。

例17 Gases have neither definite size nor shape of their own.气体既没有大小，也没有形状。

例18 I can neither speak nor write French.我既不会说也不会写法语。

转折、对比关系的连词有：but, however, nevertheless, yet, while, still, whereas, onlybut , nevertheless, likewise, anyway , only , conversely , on the contrary, by this time, all the same , fortunately, on the other hand , in the meantime等。

1.but用作连词，意为但是、可是或然而，表示语义的转折。

例19 She was tired, but she still went on working.她很累了，但她仍然继续努力工作。

2.However 用作连接副词，相当于no matter how，引导让步状语从句，意思是“不管怎样„„”“无论如何„„”，具体结构有以下两种：

（1）however+形容词+主语+系动词

例20 However rich people are，they always seem anxious to take more money.无论人们有多富裕，他们似乎总是渴望挣到更多的钱。

（2）however+副词+主语+谓语

例21 However fast he runs，he can’t catch up with us.无论他跑得多快也不能赶上我们。

3.nevertheless 然而，不过

例22 He is charming;nevertheless, I don’t quite trust him.他很有魅力，然而我不太相信他。

4.yet 用作转折连词时，意思是“然而、可是”。

例23 She has her weakness, yet that does not mean she is not qualified for the job.她有她的缺点，然而那并不意味着她不胜任这项工作。5.while意为“而，然而”,表示转折。

例24 He went out, while I stayed at home.他出去了，而我呆在家里。

6.still强调过去发生的事情及存在的状况目前还在延续。

例25 We have made some achievements, still we should be modest and prudent.我们取得了一些成绩，但我们仍须谦虚谨慎。

7.whereas意为“而，然而”连接两个对等的句子。

例26 He is ill, whereas I am a little tired.他病了，而我有些累了。

例27 You may go, only come back early.你可以去，只是要早点回来。

选择关系的连词有：either„or, whether„or, or, rather than„，otherwise等。

1.either„or 作为选择连词，一般用来连接句子中的同等成分，如名词、动词、介词短语等。但有时也可见到前后不一致的情况。

例28 You may either stay here or go with us.你可以留下来，也可以跟我们一起走。

2.whether„or作“是„„还是„„”解时，whether表示一种选择，其后可以跟介词短语或不定式短语。

例29 Please tell us whether to go or stay.请告诉我们是走还是留下来。

3.rather A than B 连接两个并列的成分表示宁愿„„，后面常用动词原形。

例30 I would rather read than watch television.我宁愿读书而不愿看电视。

4.or 在并列结构中，or通常用于否定句。表示选择的并列结构中or意思为“否则”。

例31 Which would you rather do go walking or go to the movies? 你愿意去散步还是去看电影？

因果关系的连词有：so, for, therefore, accordingly, thus, hence, consequently,thus, on that account, in that case等。

1.so表示“因此” “所以”,连接并列句,前一分句表示原因,后一分句表示结果。

例32 It was late, so we went home.天晚了，所以我们就回家了。

例33 He was angry, so he could not speak.他很生气，连话都说不出来了。

2.for为并列连词，连接两个并列的分句，表示附加的或推断的理由。

例34 I could not visit you, for I felt unwell yesterday.我昨天感觉不舒服，因此没能拜访你。

3.therefore 因此，所以。

例35 He lost his health, and therefore his difficulties were increased.他的身体垮了，因此他的困难比以前增加了。

4.hence 因此，从此，表示原因，理由。

例36 The town was built on the side of a hill;hence(comes)the name Hillside.这个小镇建在山边，于是命名为山边。

5.consequently 结果，从而，因此。

例37 It rained three days in succession, and consequently all the bridges were swept away.一连下了三天雨，所有的桥都被冲走了。

其它并列连词常见的有： as well as, more than, rather than, no less than 等.(1)as well as 表示 '同' 和 '也' 的意义

as well as 用作并列连词时它意义相当于 not only...but also, 但侧重点在后一并列成分上而 as well as 侧重点却在前一并列成分上 ,A as well as B=not only B but also A.(2)more than 表示而不是之意.(3)rather than 表示 '而不是' 之意.(4)no less than 表示 ' 同...一样 ' 之意.当 as well as ,more than, rather than, no less than 连接两个成分作主语时谓语动词应于第一个成分的数相一致.在使用并列连词时我们应该注意:(1)并列连词不可以连用.(2)有些连接性状语副词可以和某些从属连词对应使用.(3)在 for 或 so that 引出的分句中如果主语与前一分句的主语所指相同其主语不可以省略.同样, 如果第二个分句是由连接副词引出的其主语通常也不可省略.二、从属连词

从属连词是用来引导从句的，它在主句和从句中间起连接作用。具体地说，从属连词主要引导名词性从句（主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句）和状语从句，不引导定语从句。从属连词按词形分为简单从属连词，复合从属连词，关连从属连词。1)简单从属连词 常见的有：after, although虽然，尽管, as, because, before, if, lest,once, since, that, till, unless, until, when, where, whether, while 等。2)复合从属连词

由两个或两个以上单词构成的从属连词，如： as if犹如，好似, as far as至于，直到，远到；就„而言 , as soon as一就, according as , in case , no matter who(how,what,when, where), rather than, 3 for all that 尽管，虽然如此 , given(that), in order that, now(that), on condition that ,(so)that ,provided/providing(that), inasmuch as , insofar as , in that,now that等。

3)关联从属连词 由两个关联构成的，如： as...as, nore(less,-er)...than, no sooner...than, so...as , so...that,such...sa , the...the, whether...or 等，使用从属连词时，应该注意

(1)由从属连词引导的状语从句，其位置通常是可变的。

(2)并列连词之间之前不可以加其它连词，而从属连词之前可以加并列连词；连接副词。使用连词时, 还应该注意: 1.because, for, since, as 的区别 1）、because语气强, 表示客观必然原因：例如: He is absent, because he is ill.因为生病，所以他没来。

比较:He is absent, for he is busy.（“生病”是“缺席”的必然原因，“忙”不是必然原因。）2）、for 语气轻,表示非客观必然的原因,是主观可改变结果的原因,甚至是猜测可能的原因: for 不能放句首,它是并列连词。

He must be ill, for he is absent.“缺席”不一定是“生病”，只是交流猜测。.3）、since, as 都是不讲自明的原因, 是已知的原因.Since I am a boy, let me carry the case.As you don't feel well,you had better stay at home.三、知识拾零

1、when和which等引导名词性从句时，分别称为连接副词和连接代词；引导形容词性从句时，分别称关系副词和关系代词，都在句子中作成分，不叫“连词”。while作并列连词，还可意为“但是，可是；然而”，表示转折或对比。

2、既能引导状语从句，又能引导名词性从句的if和whether.1)、在表示“是否”的意思时，whether和if都能引导宾语从句。但在正式文体中有or not或 wheither„ or时或介词的宾语时我用wheither。

2）表示“假如”的意思时，引导条件状语从句时，只能用if，不能用wheither。

3、when和while可以作从属连词，引导时间状语。when也可以作并列连词，意思为“就在这时突然”。While作并列连词时，意思为“然而”。

4、when作连词——引导状语从句；作连接副词——引导名词性从句；作关系副词——引导定语从句；作疑问副词——引出疑问句。

5、until引导时间状语从句常与not连用

6、while和when都有“当„„的时候”，不过while引导的从句通常动词为延续性的（如：work）而when 引导的从句动词既可以是延续性的也可以是非延续性的。

7、从属连词since引导的时间状语从句用一般过去时，主句用现在完成时，表示从过去某一时刻开始的动作，一直延续到现在。

8、属连词until的用法。until意为“直到„„为止”，表示时间上的转折点，在此以前发生的动作或状态，到了这个时刻，就立刻停止，转为另外的动作或状态。

9、并列连词not only„but also„ 中的also可以省略，但but不能省略。not only„but(also)„连接的前后两部分必须保持一致或对等。

10、情景交际用语知识。but在交际用语中，与“I’m sorry”及“Excuse me”等连用，表示委婉拒绝或道歉。

Excuse me for breaking in，__ but ___ I have some news for you．

11、“live up to„”配得上„„，“be home to„”„„的家园。as long as表示“仅有的条件”，while表示“同时或转折”，if表示“条件”，even though表示“让步”。

12、in case表示“for fear that”，意为“以防，免得”。另外，in case还可以用在句尾，表示“以防万一”，

13、as强调主句谓语动词与从句谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生；while除可表示动作的同时性外还含有一个动作在另一个动作正在进行或持续进行的某一时刻发生。