阅读理解

第一篇：阅读理解

《流泪的苦瓜》

泥土是有一点脾气的，这是苦瓜告诉我们的。苦瓜曾经有一个动听的名字：锦荔枝。望文生义，苦瓜的容貌、滋味应该与荔枝相差不远，但天妒红颜，泥土公公在苦瓜地里睡觉的时候做了一个噩梦，就发脾气，让锦荔枝变成了苦瓜。苦瓜流泪了———为命运的不测。同是攀缘性蔬菜，苦瓜也像南瓜和丝瓜那样爬藤开花，但苦瓜开的是什么花呀！淡黄色的花朵很小，在阳光下极易被忽视，花瓣张牙舞爪呈锐角型，还散发出一股黏腥的气味。不艳丽不芬芳的苦瓜花，连蝴蝶、蜜蜂都不愿光顾。看到南瓜、丝瓜的藤蔓下一片热闹的嗡嗡声，苦瓜流泪了———为不公平的待遇。

长大成熟的苦瓜满怀热情走进菜市场，不幸的是，它再一次遭遇冷眼：对习惯了甜蜜生活的都市人来说，他们不喜欢苦瓜。喜庆宴席上，苦瓜是不能上桌的———大吉大利的好日子，来一盘“苦”味岂不是很扫兴？苦瓜悲愤难抑：我身体里维生素含量丰富，虽味苦但性寒，能消暑去热气。但人们听不进苦瓜的争辩，苦瓜潸然泪下———餐桌之大，为什么容不下一个诚实的苦瓜！

苦瓜入馔，可以炒肉丝，焖火腿，但苦瓜很少直接下锅，要么先在开水里滚一道，要么用盐腌上片刻。被扼杀生机的苦瓜再一次伤心落泪———它是多么渴望在油锅沸腾的瞬间辉煌一次啊！

从幼年到少年，从青年到老年，苦瓜一直在流泪；它的表皮斑驳凹凸，布满颗粒，那是一滴滴泪水凝固而成的。哭到最后，苦瓜的颜色由青转黄再转红，身体如花朵一样绽放开来，味道也变得格外甘美——苦瓜用它生命中最后一滴泪水来证明自己是美丽的、甘甜的、鲜艳的！

回望人生，其实就像一个苦瓜，很多人都是先苦后甜，生命的色彩在暮年灿烂。人生尚如此，为什么不能对苦瓜宽容一些呢？但愿苦瓜不再流泪。

一、结合上下文理解下列词语的意思。

1、望文生义：___________________________________________________________

2、天妒红颜：___________________________________________________________

二、按下列分类写出四个词语

水果：（）（）（）（）蔬菜：（）（）（）（）花类：（）（）（）（）颜色：（）（）（）（）

三、在文中找出两个比喻句，用波浪线把它们画出来。

四、苦瓜花是什么样的，用横线在文中画出来。

五、苦瓜都因为什么而哭泣？

_______________________________________________________________________________

六、你想对苦瓜说些什么？

_______________________________________________________________________________

“给”永远比“拿”愉快

高尔基在意大利（休养休息）时，他的儿子跟着妈妈来（盼望看望）爸爸。儿子在爸爸住的院子里（裁载栽）了好些花籽，不久，就回国去了。

后来，鲜花盛开了。高尔基看着（zháozhuózhe）窗前怒（lùnù）放的鲜花，心里很高兴，就给儿子写了一封信。信是这样写的：

要是你不管在什么地方什么时候留给人们的都是美好的东西像鲜花啦好的思想啦还有对你的非常好的回忆啦那么你的生活该是多么愉快啊

“那时侯，你会感到所有的人都（需须）要你。要知道，„给‟永远比„拿‟愉快！”是啊，“给”永远比“拿”愉快！

1、根据上下文，在括号里划去不正确的音、字、词。

2、短文中“怒放”这个词的近义词是_______。

3、在第3节的空处里加上标点符号。

4、“„给‟永远比„拿‟愉快！”这句话中“给”的意思是_________； “拿”的意思是_________。这句话的意思是：_________________________________________________________________

三个和尚

“三个和尚”的故事在我国流传得很广很广。

一个活泼伶俐的小和尚来到山上一座庙宇，他勤快地挑水，不但自己喝个够，还往菩萨手中的瓶里灌水，瓶里枯萎的柳枝又活了。

不久来了一个瘦和尚，他与小和尚两人为喝水和挑水发生了争执，谁也不愿意吃亏。后来又来了一个胖和尚，三个和尚都要喝水，但都不愿意多挑水，没过两天，水缸露了底，菩萨手中瓶里的水也没有了，柳枝又枯萎了。

一天夜里，三个和尚都在打盹，一支正在燃烧的蜡烛被一只老鼠几口咬断了。半截蜡烛掉在香案上，庙宇起火了。危急之中，三个和尚一齐争先恐后挑水救火。小和尚的眼被熏出了眼泪，瘦和尚的手被火烧伤了，胖和尚的衣服烧成了几条片片。可是谁也不吭一声。

大火过后，三个和尚似乎都明白了些什么。从此，水缸里的水又满了，三个和尚高高兴兴地捧着大碗圣水解渴，菩萨手中瓶里的柳枝也发芽了。

1．起初，三个和尚的表现说明他们当时 ____________________________________________

2．大火中，三个和尚的表现说明他们当时___________________________________________

3．大火后，三个和尚明白了_______________________________________________________

4．用“∥”给短文分段并概括段落大意。

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

5．用横线划出三个和尚奋力救火的句子。

6．联系上下文解释下列词语。

(1)争先恐后：_________________________________________________________________

(2)争执：______________________________________________________________________

松树的风格

松树自古以来，多少人就（歌颂赞颂）过它，赞美过它，把它作为（崇敬崇高）的品质的象征。我对松树总是怀有（瞻仰敬仰）之心。

你看它不管是在悬崖的缝隙里，不管是在贫瘠的土地上，只要有一粒种子——这粒种子不管是你有意种植的，还是随意丢落的；也不管是风吹来的，还是从飞鸟的嘴里落下的，总之，只要有一粒种子，它就不择地势，不畏严寒酷暑，随处（健壮茁壮）地生长起来。它既不需要谁来施肥，也不需要谁来灌溉。狂风吹不倒它，洪水淹不没它，严寒冻不死它，干旱旱不坏它。它只是一味地无忧无虑地生长。松树的生命力可谓强矣！松树要求人的可谓少矣！这是我看到松树油然而生敬意的原因之一。

我对松树怀有敬意的更重要的原因却是它那种自我牺牲的精神。松树是用途极广的木材，并且是很好的造纸原料；松树的叶子可以制挥发油；松树的脂液可制松香、松节油，是很重要的工业原料；松树的根和枝又是很好的燃料。更不用说在夏天，用它的枝叶挡住炎炎烈日，叫人们在如盖的树荫下休息；在黑夜，它可以劈碎片做成火把，照亮人们前进的道路。总之一句话，为了人类，它的确做到“粉身碎骨”的地步。

要求于人的甚少，给予人的甚多，这就是松树的风格。

1、读短文，用“√”标出短文括号里合适的词。

2、回答问题。

①“我”每看到松树油然而生敬意的原因是什么？

_______________________________________________________________________________ ②松树的风格是什么？

_______________________________________________________________________________

3、本文是一篇抒情散文，它的特点之一是“借物喻人”。请用“~~~ ”画出文中的借物喻人的句子，然后想一想，作者借松树喻的什么人？（抓住“物”和“人”的共同特征简要回答）

_______________________________________________________________________________

4、把表现短文中心思想的句子抄下来，然后概括短文的中心思想。

_______________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

肖伯纳的感慨

灯光辉煌，人影散乱。肖伯纳（英国作家）访问苏联回来，朋友们都来看他，室内热闹极了。

肖伯纳谈了自己访问的观感后，说。“苏联有个小姑娘还给我一个教训哩。有一天我在街头遇见了一个苏联小姑娘，那小姑娘聪明活泼，逗人喜爱，便同她玩了很久。临别的时候，我对她说：“你回去告诉你妈妈，说今天同你玩的是世界有名的肖伯纳。”肖伯纳望着朋友们，说：“你们猜，小姑娘会怎样说呢？”

朋友们七嘴八舌有的说小姑娘会感谢有的说大作家同她玩她会感到幸福

“哈哈，你们都猜得不对。”肖伯纳说：“也许我的态度有点儿傲慢吧，小姑娘竟然学着我的口吻说：„你回去告诉你妈妈，说今天同你玩的就是苏联姑娘安娜。‟”

“啊！”朋友们啊了一声，又大笑了。

“一个人不论有多大成就，他对任何人都应该平等相待，要永远谦逊。”肖伯纳深有感触地说，“这就是小姑娘给我的教训，我一辈子也忘不了她！”

1．给短文的第三自然段加上标点符号。

2．短文中划横线的句子该用_________语气读。

（l）傲慢，漫不经心。（2）自信，理直气壮。（3）生气，稍带讽刺。

3．用横线划出和“这就是小姑娘给我的教训”一句相照应的句子。

4．用波浪线划出本文的中心句。

答案：

一、1、根据文中理解出意思。

2、上天都妒忌漂亮的。

二、略

三、哭到最后，苦瓜的颜色由青转黄再转红，身体如花朵一样绽放开来，味道也变得

格外甘美——苦瓜用它生命中最后一滴泪水来证明自己是美丽的、甘甜的、鲜艳的！回望人生，其实就像一个苦瓜，很多人都是先苦后甜，生命的色彩在暮年灿烂。

四、淡黄色的花朵很小，在阳光下极易被忽视，花瓣张牙舞爪呈锐角型，还散发出一股黏腥的气味。不艳丽不芬芳的苦瓜花，连蝴蝶、蜜蜂都不愿光顾。

五、因为命运的不测，因为待遇的不公，因为人们对它的冷眼、不重视，生命不能有哪怕是瞬间的辉煌。

六、略

答案：1.（保留：休养、看望、栽、zhe、nù、需）

2.绽放

3.（“，，，……，！”）

4.“给‟给予、奉献；“拿” 索求。

要以奉献为乐，不要只想着自己的个人利益；要为大众谋幸福，为社会作贡献。

答案：1．不团结，不愿意为别人付出劳动，怕吃亏。

2．一心想扑灭大火，没有想到自己的得失。

3．只有团结友爱，多为别人着想，才能把事情做好。

4．一段：第1节，流传“三个和尚”的故事。二段：第2─4节，争执的起因和转变。三段：第5节，三个和尚的醒悟。

5．第4节：第3、4句

6．(1)抢在前面，生怕落后(2)争论中各持已见，不肯相让。

答案： 1．歌颂、崇高、敬仰、茁壮

2．①生命力强，要求于人的少，自我牺牲的精神。

②要求于人的甚少，给予人的甚多，这就是松树的风格。

3．只要有一粒----无忧无虑地生长。作者借松树比喻具有共产主义风格的人。

4．我对松树总是怀有敬仰之心。松树的生命力可谓强矣！松树要求人的可谓少矣！这是我看到松树油然而生敬意的原因之一。我对松树怀有敬意的更重要的原因却是它那种自我牺牲的精神。要求于人的甚少，给予人的甚多，这就是松树的风格。这段短文通过写松树的生长和用途，以物喻人，歌颂了具有共产主义风格的人。

答案：1．，： “。”：“。”

2．（3）

3．一个人不论有多大成就，他对任何人都应该平等相待，要永远谦逊。

4．一个人不论有多大成就，他对任何人都应该平等相待，要永远谦逊。

第二篇：课外阅读理解

五年级课外阅读专项集训

（一）有一个年轻人，好不容易获得一份销售工作，勤勤恳恳干了大半年，非但毫无起色，反而在几个大项目上接连失败。而他的同事，个个都干出了成绩。他实在忍受不了这种痛苦。在总经理办公室，他惭愧地说，可能自己不适合这份工作。“安心工作吧，我会给你足够的时间，直到你成功为止。到那时，你再要走我不留你。”老总的宽容让年轻人很感动。他想，总应该做出一两件像样的事来再走。于是，他在后来的工作中多了一些冷静和思考。

过了一年，年轻人又走进了老总的办公室。不过，这一次他是轻松的，他已经连续七个月在公司销售排行榜中高居榜首，成了当之无愧的业务骨干。原来，这份工作是那么适合他!他想知道，当初，老总为什么会将一个败军之将继续留用呢? “因为，我比你更不甘心。”老总的回答完全出乎年轻人的预料。老总解释道：“记得当初招聘时，公司收下100多份应聘材料，我面试了20多人，最后却只录用了你一个。如果接受你的辞职，我无疑是非常失败的。我深信，既然你能在应聘时得到我的认可。也一定有能力在工作中得到客户的认可，你缺少的只是机会和时间。与其说我对你仍有信心，倒不如我就是那个年轻人。从老总那里，我懂得了：给别人以宽容，给自己以信心，就能成就一个全新的局面。(1)读短文，说说文章主要写了一件什么事?(2)根据文章的主要内容给短文加个题目。

(3)原来的业绩平平的“我”怎么会成为后来的业务骨干?(4)读了短文，你对老板更加了解，说说你眼中的老板的是怎样的人?

(5)短文说明了什么道理?结合你的生活实际谈谈你的理解。

谁是最优秀的人

（二）苏格拉底在风烛残年之际，知道自己时日不多了，就想考验和点化一下他的 2

那位平时看来很不错的助手。他把助手叫到床前说：“我的蜡所剩不多了，得找另一根蜡接着点下去，你明白我的意思吗？”

“明白，”那位助手赶忙说，“您的思想光辉是得很好地传承下去……”

“可是，”苏格拉底慢悠悠地说，“我需要一位最优秀的承传者，他不但要有相当的智慧，还必须有充分的信心和非凡的勇气……这样的人选直到目前我还未见到，你帮我寻找和发掘一位好吗？”

“好的，好的。”助手很温顺很尊重地说，“我一定竭尽全力地去寻找，以不辜负您的栽培和信任。”

苏格拉底笑了笑，没再说什么。

那位忠诚而勤奋的助手，不辞辛劳地通过各种渠道开始四处寻找了。可他领来的一位又一位，总被苏格拉底一一婉言谢绝了。有一次，当那位助手再次无功而返地回到苏格拉底病床前时，病入膏肓的苏格拉底硬撑着坐起来，抚着那位助手的肩膀说：“真是辛苦你了，不过，你找来的那些人，其实还不如你……”

“我一定加倍努力，”助手言辞恳切地说，“找遍城乡各地、找遍五湖四海，我也要把最优秀的人选挖出来，举荐给您。”

苏格拉底笑笑，不再说话。

半年之后，苏格拉底眼看就要告别人世，最优秀的人选还是没有眉目，助手非常惭愧，泪流满面地坐在病床边，语气沉重地说：“我真对不起您，让您失望了！”

“失望的是我，对不起的却是你自己。”苏格拉底说到这里，很失意地闭上眼睛，停顿了许久，才又不无哀怨地说，“本来，最优秀的就是你自己，只是你不敢相信自己，才把自己给忽略、给耽误、给丢失了……其实每个人都是最优秀的，差别就在于如何认识自己、如何发掘和重用自己……”话没说完，一代哲人就永远离开了他曾深切关注的这个世界。

1、第1自然段中画线句苏格拉底对助手讲的那句话与文中相呼应的成语是。

2、从文中的四个加横线词语看，你体会到这个助手是

的人。

3、文中画“

”一句，我是这样理解的：苏格拉底为

而失望，而徒弟是为

而对不起他自己。

4、苏格拉底在死前才明说“最优秀的是你自己”，在此之前，他对助手有所暗示吗？请你用“

”在文中画出。

5、助手努力寻找“最优秀“的人，结果最优秀的却就是他自己，由这个故事，你得到了哪些启发？

学车科目二考试心得体会

首先简单介绍一下科目二考试内容（俗称五项）：

坡上定点停车和起步、侧方停车、倒车入库、直角转弯、曲线行驶PS 这五项之中，最难得要数坡上定点停车和起步、倒车入库。我分别给大家分析：

一、坡上定点停车和起步：关键是起步前和停车后再起步前别忘了打左转灯要求最右边有两条线，车轮要压在靠近车的那条线，不压线扣10分；但不能压最右边的线，否则直接挂。

经验1：坐正了，看右前方的大灯位置正好在最右边的线上，那车轮正好压在该压的线上。

要求2：停在指定的位置（这个好判断，教练会交，每个人的点不太一样）要求在15秒内起步，起步后不能后溜超过30公分，否则挂；最好不要熄火，熄火一次扣10分。

经验3：踩住刹车，轻抬离合器，注意一定要慢，抬到触点时稳住，然后再轻抬一点点，迅速放刹车，这样就既不会后溜也不会熄火。那什么是触点呢，就是车很抖了。有的教练是告诉大家到触点就放刹车，可有时候我们掌握不好什么时候是触点，而且车不一样，触点的感觉不一样，尤其是考试场地的车都比较破，离合器很难踩，很容易后溜，所以我们教练告诉我们的是到触点再轻抬一点后再放刹车。

关于熄火：一定不能踩着刹车猛抬离合器，这样肯定熄火。

二、倒车入库：现在是左右倒库，先从右边倒进库，出库到左边，再从左边倒进库，出库从右边走，结束要求：不能压的任意一条线和边角，否则挂。

经验：一定把右进库练好，左库肯定没问题。关键就是，想让车屁股往哪边走，方向就往哪边打，打方向一定要快，别慢吞吞犹豫不决的，另外就是车速一定要慢、要稳。多练，每练一次多体会。

三、侧方停车：关键是进库别忘打右转等，出库别忘了打左转灯 经验：从右后视镜看见车右后轮刚倒到右侧车位最前沿的线时（也就是不能压的线），迅速向右打死方向；然后赶紧看左后视镜，看到停车位底端的那条线越来越长，直到看到右侧底角时，迅速把方向回正；然后看到左后轮快要压线时，迅速向左打死方向，车正就停。三步走。

四、直角转弯和曲线行驶：都比较简单，前面的练会了，这就是靠车感了。总之就是：多练。按教练的点仔细体会，但更重要的是，学着把点看早了或看晚了，然后看你会不会处理这样的问题。要是会调整，考试绝对没问题。

关于我考试失败了三次：

第一次：紧张，加上以前的教练吓唬威胁我，情绪很不好。都死在坡上。所以坡一定得多练。

第二次：坡上去了，可死在倒库上了，居然第一把方向彻底打反了。估计还是紧张，还有就是心态问题，抱着必过的心态，因为我的新教练真的挺好，想不让他操心。

第三次：我是抱着这样的心态去的，大不了再考一次呗，又不是多大的事。终于过了。

第三篇：理解课文内容

索溪峪的‚野‛教学设计

一、课文内容及设计分析 《索溪峪的‚野‛》一文写作思路清晰，脉络分明，以独特的视角写出了独特的感受。揭示出人与自然相处的简单道理：赋予万物以人性，实现心灵的交融，就能创造出美好和谐的境界。在学习的过程中，通过阅读理解课文内容，感受索溪峪的美，体会表达作者对大自然的赞美思想情感，并领悟作者抓住景物特点先概括表述再具体描写的方法；学生能体会到作者表达自己的独特感受的写作方法，从而提高理解力、感受力、写作能力。

二、教学目标分析

1、认识‚赋、淑、撅、叟、涤‛等字，正确、流利、有感情地朗读课文。理解课文内容，感受索溪峪的美，表达了作者对大自然的赞美。

2、理解课文内容，感受索溪峪的美，领悟作者抓住景物特点先概括表述再具体描写的方法。

3、体会作者的情感，表达了作者对大自然的赞美。

重点：正确、流利、有感情朗读课文，积累掌握出现的字词。理解课文内容。难点：领悟课文的写法，感受大自然的美，体会作者表达的情感。

三、教学策略选择与设计 《语文课程标准》指出：‚阅读是学生个性化行为。‛本节教学以读为本，让学生充分地读，在读中感悟，还通过大量图片感受索溪峪的奇丽风光，有利于情感、态度、价值观的正确导向。新课标还指出：‚学生是学习和发展的主体，语文课程必须根据学生的身心发展和语文学习的特点，关注学生的个性差异和不同的学习需要，爱护学生的求知欲、好奇心，充分激发学生的主动意识和进取精神。倡导自主、合作、探究的学习方式‛。教学中，我帮助学生找准切入点——‚野‛，由‚野‛存疑引导学生探究教材，把自主学习贯穿其中,给学生足够的时间、空间，引导他们合作、探究。用自己的想象感悟语言，既重‚文本‛，又超‚文本‛。使学生的创新潜能真正得到放飞。

四、教学资源与工具设计 １、教学环境：多媒体环境。２、资源准备：教学PPT

五、教学过程

（一）、创设情景，欣赏导入。

1、同学们，我们的祖国地大物博，历史悠久，有许多著名的旅游胜地。你去过张家界吗？又知道那里有个举世闻名的索溪峪吗？（出示课件，欣赏张家界索溪峪的迷人风光，了解索溪峪。）

2、揭示课题：索溪峪的‚野‛

[设计意图：借助课件欣赏索溪峪的风光图片，激发学生主动参与课文学习的热情。]

（二）、学生预习成果展示。

1、展示课文字词的积累掌握内容。

2、展示课文的正确、流利、有感情的朗读情况。

3、学生质疑，小组讨论。

（三）、初读课文，质疑解疑。

1、默读课文，读准字音，读通顺句子。

2、抓题眼，引入研读。独立思考，再小组讨论：‚野‛在本课是什么意思？（纯天然的野性美）课文通过哪几方面的描述来写出索溪峪的‚野‛？（山是野的、水是野的、山上的野物当然更是‚野‛性十足、连游人也渐渐变得‚野‛起来。）讨论后汇报，师随机板书。

[设计意图：整体感知内容，读通课文，自学生字，课件出示讨论问题。使学生情绪变得活泼轻松，营造课堂氛围，学生与作者、作品产生共鸣。]

（四）、合作研读，感受索溪峪的‚野‛

1、分组研读，交流讨论：选择最感兴趣的一个方面，体会作者是怎样描绘索溪峪的山、水、野物和游人的‚野‛的？（带着问题读课文，画出重点语句，认真想一想，并批注体会，与小组成员交流）

2、全班交流学习效果。（1）赏析‚山是野的。‛（边讲边出示课件）

a、齐读这一段，思考：课文是从哪几个方面来具体描述‚山是野的‛这个特点的？课文运用了怎样的写作手法？（是一种惊险的美。是一种磅礴的美。是一种随心所欲、不拘一格的美。）（先概括特点再具体描写。）b、赏析句子：‚几十丈高的断壁悬崖拔地而起，半边悬空的巨石在山风中摇摇晃晃，使人望而生畏。什么‘一线天’，什么‘百丈峡’，听着名字就让人胆颤。‛ 你从哪些词语当中感受到了一种惊险的美？（板书：拔地而起、摇摇晃晃、望而生畏、胆颤）

c、还有哪些地方让你感受到一种惊险的美？（一线天、百丈峡，它们的名字听着也让人觉得害怕。）

d、以索溪峪的山与桂林的山、黄山、泰山、庐山作比较。有感情朗读, 读出你的惊讶，读出你的赞叹，并谈谈自己的收获。(2)、赏析‚水是野的。‛（出示课件亲眼目睹索溪峪的水‚野‛）a、让我们跟着摄像师的镜头，来领略索溪峪水的野吧！

b、赏析句子‚索溪峪像一个从深山中蹦跳而出的野孩子，一会儿绕着山奔跑，一会儿撅着屁股，赌着气又自个儿闹去了。‛

‚蹦跳而出的野孩子‛给人活泼、灵动之感，把索溪峪想象成‚野孩子‛，十分传神地写出了索溪峪的‚野‛。它或‚奔跑‛，或‚撅着屁股，赌着气又自个闹‛，十分调皮、可爱。也从侧面表达出了行走在曲折起伏的索溪边的游人们轻松愉快的心情。这一段中，作者还有哪些奇特的想象？（索溪峪是一个野孩子，山路是它的哥哥，树木是它的大叔，石头是它的弟弟。）c、赛读，读出索溪的趣。

(3)、赏析‚山上的野物是‘野’的。‛和‚游人也‘野’了起来。‛ a、快速朗读，想想‚野‛加引号的含义。b、赏析句子‚人们，在这山水中返朴归真了。‛‚返朴归真‛是什么意思？（‚返朴归真‛的意思是去掉外在的装饰，恢复原来的质朴状态。）课文中怎样写猴子与游人的‚返朴归真‛？(4)、仔细观察文章各段的写法，说说作者在谋篇布局上采用了怎样的描写方法。（先概括特点，再具体描写。）[设计意图：鼓励学生合作学习，培养学生口语表达能力，鼓励多说，尽量发表自己见解。不失时机的出示课件中的图片与重点语句帮助学生深入理解课文内容，感受索溪峪的景物特点。读中体会文章的写作方法。]

（五）、回归整体，拓展延伸

1、索溪峪的自然美景在作者的描述中展现在我们的面前，表达了作者怎样的思想感情呢？你有哪些收获？（对大自然的赞美，对人与人之间质朴真诚情感的向往。）

师激情：不同的人对同样的风景，会有不同的感受。作者身处美丽的索溪峪，感受到的是一个字──‚野‛：这里的山野、水野，这里的野物‚野‛性十足，连来这里游览观景的游人也返朴归真，渐渐变得‚野‛起来。作者描绘了张家界索溪峪独特的美，在写景中表达了自己畅游其中的愉快的心情。

2、回放索溪峪的美景图，再次感受它的神奇。[设计意图：通过总结归纳，使学生最后对课文有一个整体的感受，再次体会‚野‛的特点。激发学生热爱大自然的情感，与作者产生共鸣。]

（六）、作业

1、有感情地朗读课文，选择一段优美的乐曲练习配乐朗读。

2、把你认为最美的一段抄写在《读书学习笔记》上，并写下读后感，尝试运用先概括再总结的写作方法.[设计意图：理解课文的基础上，伴随优美的音乐入境的读。通过练笔，学以至用。] 合作研读，感受索溪峪的‚野‛回归整体，拓展延伸

第四篇：阅读理解

第一节 阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项。

A 易

Do you know how to raise gold fish? If not, let me share some tips with you.First, prepare a fish jar with water 1-2 days before gold fish are put in it.After that, go and buy some gold fish and carry them in a plastic package.Then put the fish together with the plastic hour.In this way, the temperatures of the water in the plastic package and in the fish jar can become the same.Then empty the water in the plastic package and put the fish into the jar;at the same time, add some salt so as to kill the germs(细菌)in the water.Second, make sure there is enough space for the fish in one jar.If there are too many fish in one jar, they cannot breathe enough oxygen.Third, too much feeding is strictly prohibited.Some people fear that the fish will become hungry so they feed them several times one day.However, it will pollute the water if the extra food goes rotten.This is bad for gold fish.Fourth, we should know that changing the water frequently is not good for gold fish.When should we change the water? There is no definite time, but we should change it according to water quality.If it looks muddy, change a lot or all;otherwise, change a little.But remember that the water put in the jar should have a similar temperature to the original.The best way is to exchange one third or one quarter at a time.Fifth, we had better put the jar in a place where it can get sunshine for 1-2 hours a day as the ultraviolet rays(紫外线)kill germs.What‟s more, the color of gold fish looks brighter in the sun.26.The writer wrote this passage to ______.A.prove he is good at raising gold fish

B.share the fun of raising gold fish with us

C.explain why gold fish are hard to raise

D.tell us how to raise gold fish well

27.What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 2 refer to?

A.The fish jar.B.Fish food.C.The plastic package.D.Water in the fish jar.28.In Paragraph 3, the writer emphasizes that _____.A.the fish jar should be big enough

B.water in the fish jar should be clear

C.one fish jar should only contain one fish

D.new oxygen should be often added to the water

29.According to Paragraph 4, what should be avoided?

A.Putting some salt into the fish jar.B.Exchanging the water in the jar one third at a time.C.Feeding fish in the fish jar too often.D.Keeping many fish in one small fish jar.30.It seems to be a bad idea to _____.A.place the fish jar in the sun for an hour every day

B.change the water in the fish jar every few days

C.let the water in the fish jar receive ultraviolet rays

D.change all the water in the fish jar at one time

B 中

Hey, did you hear the story about the beer-loving guy who was too lazy to drink his beer so he thought someone should figure out a way to deep fry beer to save time? Well, he has done it.“I was lazy.I figured, „Why should I have to drink and eat when I can just eat?‟ I wanted a pretzel(盐椒卷饼), I wanted beer and I found a way to combine them,” said inventor Mark Zable.Mark started experimenting to make the combination himself, but the beer-and-dough mixture kept exploding when dropped into the fryer and burnt him sometimes.Mark consulted a food scientist, but still, no luck.Then, earlier this year, Mark Zable found the recipe for success after three years of trying out various cooking methods!

He puts beer inside a pretzel-dough pocket and puts it into hot oil for 20 seconds, but he keeps everything else about the process to himself.It is a business secret.When eaten, the dough mixes with the beer to create the combination taste sensation(感觉)of biting into a hot pretzel dough and then taking a sip of beer.Mark Zable‟s deep-fried beer was officially shown in public this year at the Texas State Fair where Mr Zable won big in the “most creative” fried food kind at the “Big Tex Choice Awards”.The Texas Alcoholic Commission said people needed to be aged 21 or over to buy the fried beer and proper ID was required.A few years ago, Mr Zable invented some creative dishes, but none has gone over as big as his “Fried Beer”.Other things in the contest of the “fried food” kind included: Fried Chocolate, Fried Lemonade, and Fried Salad.31.According to Paragraph 1, Mark Zable combined pretzels and beer because _____.A.he wanted to improve the taste of beer

B.he wanted to save time spent in eating

C.he wanted to become famous for it

D.he wanted to make new kinds of pretzels for kids

32.It is implied in Paragraph 2 that it was not easy for Mark Zable to ______.A.find suitable pretzels for his invention B.find scientists who wanted to help him

C.successfully combine pretzels and beer

D.keep the beer-and-dough mixture exploding

33.What can we learn from Paragraph 3?

A.Mark Zable doesn‟t want to make the special food every day.B.Mark Zable doesn‟t want to share the special food he invented.C.Mark Zable doesn‟t want to make money out of the special food.D.Mark Zable doesn‟t want to tell others how to make the special food.34.We can infer that at the Texas State Fair, judges most probably ______.A.thought highly of Mark Zable‟s deep-fried beer

B.felt sorry that Mark Zable‟s deep-fried beer won big

C.didn‟t like the taste of Mark Zable‟s deep-fried beer

D.thought Mark Zable‟s deep-fried beer was suitable for everyone

35.What do we learn about Mark Zable after reading this passage?

A.He is under 21 years old.B.He invented Fried Chocolate.C.He likes inventing creative dishes.D.He likes beer more than anything else.

第五篇：阅读理解

A

Many students in China are learning English.Some of these students are small

children.Others are teenagers(十几岁的青少年).Many are adults.Some learn at school, others study by themselves.A few learn English language(语言)over the radio, on television, or in films.One must work hard to learn another language.Why do all these people want to learn English? It is difficult to answer that question.Many boys and girls learn English at school because it is one of their subjects.They study their own language and maths and English...Some people learn English because it is useful for their work.Many people often learn English for their higher sutdies, because at college or university(大学)some of their books are in English.Other people learn English because they want to read newspaper and magazines in English.()21.Many students in China are learning English, aren't they? ____.A.No, they aren'tB.No, they are

C.Yes, they areD.Yes, they aren't

()22.If one wants to learn another language well, he must ____.A.learn at schoolB.study by himself

C.work hardD.study hard

()23.The sentence “It is difficult to answer that question” means ____.A.that question is not difficult to answer

B.that question is difficult to answer it

C.it is difficultly to answer that question

D.it is hard to answer that question

()24.“Their own language” means ____.A.ChineseB.EnglishC.FrenchD.Japanese

()25.What's the Chinese of “study by themselves”?

A.和他们一起学习B.自学

C.向他们学习D.通过学习

B

Once upon a time, there lived a rich man.He had a servant(仆人).He and the servant loved wine and good food very much.Each time the rich man left his home, the servant would drink the wine and eat up all the nice food in the house.The rich man knew what his servant did, but he had never caught his servant doing that.One morning, when he left home, he said to the servant, “Here are two bottles of poison(毒药)and some nice food in the house.You must take of them.” With these words, he went out.But the servant knew that the rich man had said was untrue.After the rich man was away from his home, he enjoyed a nice meal.Because he drank too much, he was drunk and fell to the ground.When the rich man came back, he couldn’t find his food and his wine.He became very angry.He woke the servant up.But the servant told his story very well.He said a cat had eaten up everything.He was afraid to be punished（惩罚）, so he drank the poison to kill himself.()26.In the story, _______ liked wine and good food very much.A.the rich manB.the servantC.both A and BD.neither A and B

()27.The rich man knew that it was _______ that drank the wine and ate up all the nice food.A.the catB.himselfC.nobodyD.the servant

a

（（（）28.The rich told the servant that there was poison in the two bottles, because ________.A.there was in fact poison in the bottlesB.did not want the servant to drink his wineC.he wanted to kill the catD.he wanted to kill the servant)29.In fact, _______ ate all the nice food and drank the wine.A.the servantB.catC.the rich manD.nobody)30.From the story, we know that the servant is very _______.A.lazyB.badC.cleverD.kind

C

Everyone likes living in a clean and comfortant environment.If the envionment(环境)are bad, it will affect（影响）our body, and make us not feel well.Sometimes we may be terribly ill.At that time we don’t want to work, and we have to stay in bed and rest at home.So the envrionment is very important to us.It’s germs that makes us ill.There are germs everywhere, They are very small and you can’t find them with your own eyes, but you can see them with a microscope（显微镜）They are very small and there may be hundreds of them on a very small thing, Germs can always be found in dirty water.When we look at dirty water under the microscope, we shall see them in it.Germs can also be found in air and dust（灰尘）.If you cut your finger, some of the dust from the floor may go into it, and you will have much pain in it.Sometimes the germs will go into all of your boby, and you will have pain everywhere.To keep us healthy, we should try to our best to make our environment become cleaner and tidier.This needs us to act together.31.The writer tell us that________.A.we like working when we are ill

B.germs can’t live in the water.C.we can’t feel ill if the environment is bad.D.we feel well when the environment is good.32.Germs are________.A.very small things that you can’t see with your eyes.B.the things that don’t effect people.C.the things that you can find with your eyes.D.the things that are very big.33.Where can germs be found? They can be found_________.A.on the small thingB.in air and dust

C.only in dirty waterD.everywhere

34.How will you feel if germs go into the finger that is cut?

A.I will feel nothing.B.I won’t mind.C.I will feel tense.D.I will feel painful.35.From the passage we know that________.A.environment doesn’t affect our life

B.we don’t need to improve our environment

C.germs may make us ill

D.if the environment is better, germs will be more.D

If you go into the forest with friends, stay with them.If you don’t, you may get lost.If you do get lost, this is what you should do.Sit down and stay where you are.Don’t try to find your friends.Let them find you.You can help them to find you by stay in one place.There is anther way to help your friends or other people to find you.Give them a signal(信号)outing or whistling(吹口哨)three times.Stop.Then shout or whistle three times again.Any signal given three times is a call for help.Keep on shouting or whistling, always three times togher.When people hear you, they will give two shouts or two whistles.When a signal is given twice, it is an answer to a call for help.If you don’t think that you will get help before night comes, try to make a small room with branches.（树枝）

What should you do if you get hungry or need drinking water ? You would have to leave your little branch room to look for something to eat and drink.Don’t just walk away.Pick up small brunches and drop them as you walk so that you can find your way back.The most important thing to do when you are lost---stay in one place.根据文章判断正（T）、误（F）

()36.If you get lost in the forest, you should walk everywhere to find your friends as soon as possible.（尽快）

()37.You can keep on shouting or whistling always three times toghether for help.()38.When you hear two shouts or whistles, you know that people will come to help you.()39.You can’t go anywhere even when you feel thirsty（口渴的）or hungry.()40.You can find your way back to your branch room easily without leaving any branches as you walk.M

The sun is always shining.But it can only shine on one side of the earth at one time.When the sun is shining on one side of the earth, it is night on the other side.At night, you can see the stars(星星).The stars are in the sky all day.But the light from the sun is so bright that you can’t see them.When night come, there is no light, and the stars are bright enough to see.The stars look very small.But some of them are even bigger than the sun.They look small because they are so far away from you.Big things look much smaller when they are far away.The sun is closer(近)to the earth than other stars, so it looks bigger.6．When it is night, the sun ________.A.doesn’t shine B.shines for a short timeC.disappears(消失)D.shines on the other side of the earth

7．We can’t see the stars in the sky at daytime(白天)because ________.A.there are no stars thereB.the stars are much smaller than the sun

C.the bright light from the sun makes them not seen(被看见)D.the stars come out only at night

8．The stars look small because ________.A.they are far away B.they are small C.they have no light D.they are in the sky

9.Small things may look ________ when they are close.A.biggerB.smallC.nearD.far away

10．The sun looks bigger than other stars because ________.A.it’s bigger

C.it gives much bright lightB.it’s far away in the sky D.it’s closer to the earth than other stars

N

Once an old man went to see a doctor.The doctor looked him over carefully and said,“ Medicine won’t help you.You must have a good rest.Go to bed early, drink milk, walk a lot and smoke one cigar(雪茄烟)a day.Go to the country place for a month.”

After a month the man came to the doctor again,“ How are you?” said the doctor.“ I’m glad to see you again.You look much younger” “Oh, doctor!I feel quite well now,” said the man “ I had a good rest.I went to bed early, drank a lot of milk and walk a lot.Your advice certainly helped me, but that you told me to smoke one cigar a day almost killed me first.”

()16.The doctor told the man _____

A.to go to bed earlyB.to drink milkC.to walk a lotD.all above

()17.Which of the following sentences is true?

A.The doctor told the man to visit a beautiful city of the country for a month.B.The doctor didn’t tell him what to do.C.After a month, the old man felt better.D.The old man was younger than before after a month.()18.The doctor’s words were _____ for the old man’s health.A.uselessB.goodC.wellD.strong

()19.The doctor wanted the old man ______.A.to get worseB.to smoke less than before

C.to help himD.to start smoking

()20.From what the old man said at last, we think ______

A.one cigar a day was really helpful to him

B.one cigar a day was better than before

C.he didn’t understand the doctor’s advice

D.smoking made him feel better than before

Key

A篇CCDAB…B篇CDBACC篇DADDCD篇FTTFFM篇D.C.A.A.D

N篇DCBBC