[四六级]大学英语作文布局谋篇八种常用句型

第一篇：[四六级]大学英语作文布局谋篇八种常用句型

[四六级]大学英语作文布局谋篇八种常用句型

一)原因

1.A number of factors are accountable for this situation.A number of factors might contribute to(lead to)(account for)the phenomenon(problem).2.The answer to this problem involves many factors.3.The phenomenon mainly stems from the fact that...4.The factors that contribute to this situation include...5.The change in...largely results from the fact that...6.We may blame...,but the real causes are...7.Part of the explanations for it is that...One of the most common factors(causes)is that...Another contributing factor(cause)is...Perhaps the primary factor is that „

But the fundamental cause is that

二)比较

1.The advantage far outweigh the disadvantages.2.The advantages of A are much greater than those of B.3.A may be preferable to B, but A suffers from the disadvantages that...4.It is reasonable to maintain that...but it would be foolish to claim that...5.For all the disadvantages, it has its compensating advantages.6.Like anything else, it has its faults.7.A and B has several points in common.8.A bears some resemblances to B.9.However, the same is not applicable to B.10.A and B differ in several ways.11.Evidently, it has both negative and positive effects.12.People used to think..., but things are different now.13.The same is true of B.14.Wondering as A is ,it has its drawbacks.15.It is true that A..., but the chief faults(obvious defects)are...三)批驳

1)It is true that..., but one vital point is being left out.2)There is a grain of truth in these statements, but they ignore a more important fact.3)Some people say..., but it does not hold water.4)Many of us have been under the illusion that...5)A close examination would reveal how ridiculous the statement is.6)It makes no sense to argue for...7)Too much stress placed on...may lead to...8)Such a statement mainly rests on the assumption that...9)Contrary to what is widely accepted, I maintain that...四)后果

1.It may give rise to a host of problems.2.The immediate result it produces is...3.It will exercise a profound influence upon...4.Its consequence can be so great that...五)举例

1)A good case in point is...2)As an illustration, we may take...3)Such examples might be given easily.4)...is often cited as an example.六)证明

1)No one can deny the fact that...2)The idea is hardly supported by facts.3)Unfortunately, none of the available data shows...4)Recent studies indicate that...5)There is sufficient evidence to show that...6)According to statistics proved by..., it can be seen that...七)开篇

1)Many nations have been faced with the problem of...2)Recently the problem has been brought into focus.3)Recently the phenomenon has become a heated topic.4)Recently the issue has aroused great concern among...5)Nowadays there is a growing concern over...6)Never in our history has the idea that...been so popular.7)Faced with..., quite a few people argue that...8)According to a recent survey,...9)With the rapid development of...,...八)结尾

1)From what has been discussed above, we can draw the conclusion that...2)It is high time that strict measures were taken to stop...3)It is necessary that steps should be taken to...4)In conclusion, it is imperative that...5)There is no easy method, but...might be of some help.6)To solve the above-mentioned problem, we must...7)In summary, if we continue to ignore the above-mentioned issue, more problems will crop up.8)With the efforts of all parts concerned, the problem will be solved thoroughly.9)We might do more than identify the cause;it is important to take actions to...10)Taking all these into account, we...11)Whether it is good or not /positive or negative, one thing is certain/clear...四级考试写作秘籍

(二)解决办法

第一，首先必须熟悉英语四级写作具体要求。英语四级考试要求考生在30分钟内写出120字的文章。体材主要有议论文(分为“Topic题型”和A&B又称“正反观点题”)应用文(主要是书信)、图表文等。针对不同的体裁，写作思路是不同的。比如，以议论文举例来说：

1.议论文写作思路

2.议论文分类：阐述主题型作文(Topic)；正反观点型作文(A&B)

3.阐述主题型作文写作：(这类题型作文要求从一句话或一个主题出发，按照提纲的要求进行论述)

(1)基本写作格式

5.正反观点型作文(A&B)(这类题型作文通常从正反两方面来分别论述，最后得出你自己的结论。采用论点加论据写作形式。)

(1)基本写作格式

第二，熟悉英语写作的几个重要概念。

1.英语文章段落结构特点

英语文章段落结构一般有三部分构成：主题句+扩展句+结尾句

(1)主题句：所谓主题句，就是英语文章段落的中心思想句。它是英语文章段落的灵魂，在英语文章段落中居于主导地位。我们都知道英语文章一般喜欢开门见山，所以主题句一般位于英语文章段落的句首。其他句子都要围绕它而展开。

(2)扩展句：所谓扩展句就是为主题句起解释说明或论证的句子。通常我们写扩展句所采用的方法是举例子(for example, for instance, such as, a case in point is that---)、列数据(according to the recent study/survey,---)等。

(3)结尾句：所谓结尾句就是总结句。英语写作也类似于汉语写作，最后再把自己本段落的写作目的陈述一下。但是在英语写作中结尾句毕竟还是少数。

因此我们通常看到英语的文章段落结构 60%-70%都是由主题句+扩展句构成。

2.主旨句

作为主旨句就是英语文章的中心思想句。英语文章一般首先用一句话概括一下作者的写作目的或意图，我们就把这句话称之为主旨句。没有受过写作训练的考生是不会写主旨句的。因此这样的文章就不能够称之为好的英语文章，自然也得不到阅卷人的青睐了。

第三，学会遣词造句

1.遣词：

(1)词汇等级

所谓词汇的等级就是，我们在写作的过程中，如果想出一个基本词汇来之后，能够在这个基本词汇的基础上把它在提升一下，也就是我们一般写作所提倡的用“难词”。比如，我们一提到“重要的”，大多数同学首先会想到“important”这个单词，那么提升一下的话就可以想到它的如下同义词：significant, vital, main, basilica, crucial, momentous etc

(2)词汇准确性

所谓词汇的准确性是指，我们在有一个词近而想到它的同义词之后，要结合语境选择恰当的用词。在这里必须指明的是，并不是词汇等级越高越好，必须还要考虑到适合于不同的语境。比如，眼睛大，这个“大的”形容词，我们首先会想到big,近而想到great, large, huge, vast, titanic, enormous etc。那么是不是用后面的词就可以了呢？或者说用上enormous等词更能博得阅卷人的好感呢？答案是否定的。在这里很明显用后面的词来修饰眼睛是不可以，只能用big，因为我们听过一首英文歌曲叫做“I am a big big girl, in a big big world.”big表示眼睛大而迷人可爱的。

2.造句：

(1)词组

很多考生平时写作不太擅长用词组，对于他们而言最习惯的就是想到汉语，然后对应汉语思维写出英语句子，这种写作只能是单词的罗列组合，谈不上什么技巧文采可言，因此，写出来的文章必然就是所谓平淡如流水，没有英语的味道。如果我们能够在单词的基础上，进一步想到与之同义的词组，那么文章就会显得与众不同，更具有英语的味道。比如上面所说的“重要的”这个单词，当我们想到important的时候，如果从语法角度再稍加考虑一下，我们会想到“be of importance”。因为，语法中规定：形容词等于of加这个形容词的名词形式。如果再提升一步，我们还学过一个常用的词组叫做“play an important role in---”。很多同学说自己的文章凑不够字数或是没有文采，那么采用词组进行写作是不是就可以解决以上问题了呢？

(2)句式

除了采用词组，要使文章更具英语的味道，我们还需要变换句式。没有受过正规作文训练的考生，通常采用的句式多为主谓宾、主系表。于是我们看到大多数的文章充斥着这样的形式：I am a good boy, and I am a student.I study in Shandong University, and I have three years experience in Qilu Hotel.这样流水帐式的文章显然不能得到高分。

写作中阅卷人喜欢的句式有以下两种：一是插入语；二是倒装。

第一，插入语。

所谓插入语，英语中有两种形式。一种是有两个逗号之间引起的成分称之为插入语；第二种是有两个半破折号引起的成分称之为插入语。如下所示(黑体划线处)：

Jinan, the Spring City, is a famous tourist city.Other people may give us instrumental support—financial aid, material resources, and needed services—that reduces stress by helping us resolve and cope with our problems.插入语的作用主要有两个，一个是突出主语，比如说：He, who would like to play basketball, is a good student.第二个作用是解释说明，比如说：People, especially students, should work hard.第二，倒装

倒装是我们写作中需要用到的。虽然略显俗套，但是却是很能满足阅卷人的主观感受的。常用的倒装形式有以下几种：

Only + 时间状语

Only when all of us join in the efforts of eliminating cheating at all levels can we expect to have a cleaner society and a more beautiful future.Only + 介词词组

Only by planning his time care fully can he improve efficiency and make achievements.Only in this way can we master the writing skills step by steps.否定词位于句首(hardly when;never;not only---,but also---;seldom)

在我一生当中很难遇到这样的人

Seldom in my life have I met such a kind-hearted man.地点方位名词位于句首

In no other place in the world can one find such enthusiasm for applying for hosting the 2008 Olympic Games.(3)修辞

无论是汉语写作还是英语写作，修辞其实非常的重要。它是作者写作功底具体事例地展现。所谓修辞包括比喻、拟人、排比等等。英语写作中的修辞问题我已经专门写过一篇文章(见《英语写作几种修辞手法》)。这里仅举一个比喻例子，还是拿“重要的”来举例。当你用完词组之后，如果你用上下面比如句子，则文章就会显得神采飞扬，试比较：

The bicycle is important for us.The bicycle is of importance for us.The bicycle plays an important role in our life.The bicycle, environmental friendliness vehicle, plays an important role in our life.The bicycle is like the air, water, and sunshine and cannot be parted with a moment in our life.那么很明显，最后一个句子是我们最终拿到考场上去搏击高分的句子。

第二篇：英语作文八种常用句型

英语作文八种常用句型

一)原因

1.A number of factors are accountable for this situation.A number of factors might contribute to(lead to)(account for)the phenomenon(problem).2.The answer to this problem involves many factors.3.The phenomenon mainly stems from the fact that...4.The factors that contribute to this situation include...5.The change in...largely results from the fact that...6.We may blame...,but the real causes are...7.Part of the explanations for it is that...One of the most common factors(causes)is that...Another contributing factor(cause)is...Perhaps the primary factor is that …

But the fundamental cause is that

二)比较

1.The advantage far outweigh the disadvantages.2.The advantages of A are much greater than those of B.3.A may be preferable to B, but A suffers from the disadvantages that...4.It is reasonable to maintain that...but it would be foolish to claim that...5.For all the disadvantages, it has its compensating advantages.6.Like anything else, it has its faults.7.A and B has several points in common.8.A bears some resemblances to B.9.However, the same is not applicable to B.10.A and B differ in several ways.11.Evidently, it has both negative and positive effects.12.People used to think..., but things are different now.13.The same is true of B.14.Wondering as A is ,it has its drawbacks.15.It is true that A..., but the chief faults(obvious defects)are...三)批驳

1)It is true that..., but one vital point is being left out.2)There is a grain of truth in these statements, but they ignore a more important fact.3)Some people say..., but it does not hold water.4)Many of us have been under the illusion that...5)A close examination would reveal how ridiculous the statement is.6)It makes no sense to argue for...7)Too much stress placed on...may lead to...8)Such a statement mainly rests on the assumption that...9)Contrary to what is widely accepted, I maintain that...四)后果

1.It may give rise to a host of problems.2.The immediate result it produces is...3.It will exercise a profound influence upon...4.Its consequence can be so great that...五)举例

1)A good case in point is...2)As an illustration, we may take...3)Such examples might be given easily.4)...is often cited as an example.六)证明

1)No one can deny the fact that...2)The idea is hardly supported by facts.3)Unfortunately, none of the available data shows...4)Recent studies indicate that...5)There is sufficient evidence to show that...6)According to statistics proved by..., it can be seen that...七)开篇

1)Many nations have been faced with the problem of...2)Recently the problem has been brought into focus.3)Recently the phenomenon has become a heated topic.4)Recently the issue has aroused great concern among...5)Nowadays there is a growing concern over...6)Never in our history has the idea that...been so popular.7)Faced with..., quite a few people argue that...8)According to a recent survey,...9)With the rapid development of...,...八)结尾

1)From what has been discussed above, we can draw the conclusion that...2)It is high time that strict measures were taken to stop...3)It is necessary that steps should be taken to...4)In conclusion, it is imperative that...5)There is no easy method, but...might be of some help.6)To solve the above-mentioned problem, we must...7)In summary, if we continue to ignore the above-mentioned issue, more problems will crop up.8)With the efforts of all parts concerned, the problem will be solved thoroughly.9)We might do more than identify the cause;it is important to take actions to...10)Taking all these into account, we...11)Whether it is good or not /positive or negative, one thing is certain/clear...

第三篇：英语四六级作文经典句型

四级写作

一．四级考试对写作的要求

《大学英语教学大纲》和《大学英语课程教学基本要求》都对培养学生的英语写作能力做了明确规定，即学生能在半小时内完成120字左右的短文，要求文理基本通顺，表达思想清楚，无重大语法错误。通过分析历年的真题，我们不难发现：英语作文考查的类型基本包括议论文（一般为三段论式的论说文字），说明文（目前侧重于这方面的写作训练），图表作文（要求描述性的语言要贴近图表信息，真实反映语言水平）。

二．审题——保证不跑题

保证不跑题是写作的第一重要任务，第二个重要任务就是条理清楚。对于议论文来说，正反面要清楚。对于说明文来说，1、2、3条要清楚，对于描述文要来，谁干什么要清楚。就拿上例Good Health来说，Good Health

要求：（1）Importance of good health

（2）Ways to keep fit（3）My own practice

审题：先将作文要求句扩展成主题句，如是中文要求句就直接翻译过来。扩展后三段的主题句分别为：

☆ It is very important to have good health.(将名词importance变成形容词important)

☆ There are four ways to keep fit for me.(用there be句型) ☆ My own practices are the following.（采用原词）

三、条理

在写作时，我们要横向写作，即写某一问题的横段面，而不要写成流水账。例如，上面讲到健康的重要性时，我们只写四句就可以了。第一句主题句，第二句从正面论述，第三句从反面论述，第四句为结论句。第一段这样写：主题句（It is very important to have good health.）, 正面（With good health, we can...）, 反面(Without good health, we can do nothing.We can't do...)但有同学在写的时候说“健康非常重要”，然后就写“吃波莱非常重要”，因为波菜含有丰富的铁，铁对人是非常重要的，因为...。这样的作文的基本模式是A-B B-C C-D D-E以此类推。这就叫流水账，没有中心。避免写成流水账的方法是不要就前一句中的一个非重点词再进行描述。而要对主题句从横段面去写，写完一个横段面就不要再对这一横段面进行阐述了，应当去写别一个横段面。

第二段这样写：主题句（There are four ways to keep fit.）从几方面说明：

Firstly, we should have our breakfast in the morning.Second, we should have a nap at noon.Third, sports exercises are necessary in the afternoon.And fourth, we could have a pleasant feeling in the evening by listening to the music....）为了使文章更具关于条理性，我们可以用first(ly),second(ly),third(ly)等副词，他们可以使文章的条理性十分突出。作文是主观性题，要想得高分我们必须把评卷老师考虑进去。评卷老师的时间很短（每份卷子的作文只有一两分钟就要阅完），所以我们在列条条时最好不用：To begin with,...After that,...And then,...The next,...The following,...At last...。因为用这样的词语不利于阅卷老师看出你作文的条理性。

第三段应当这样写：主题句（My own practices are the following.）具体情况（主语为第一人称代词I，与第二段呼应）In the morning, I have my breakfast.At noon, I have a nap.And in the afternoon, I always play football.In the evening, I usually listen to the classic music.综上所述，如果我们按以上几节的方法去做，就可以保证及格

四、保证字数的十二句作文法

在作文的评分标准中字数也是一个要求。

四、六级的作文要求是要写出120-150字。对于这样的要求很多同学怕写不够。但我们都知道，四、六级作文大都是三段式。大概算一下，如果我们在每一段中写上四句话，即主题句加两三句扩展句和一个结论句，这样全篇在十二句左右。每一句十多个词，这样就是120-150字。同时，我们也提醒大家，不能写得太多，写得多容易跑题。

高分作文标志

1．是否长短句交替使用。如：注意短句和从句，复合句的交叉使用；适当用被动替换主动，这样能更客观的反映事实, 句子开头不要总是用we / I(比如写结尾时不用we should pay attention to而用attention should be paid to.)

2、是否会使用插入语；比如说把副词、连接词等，作插入语放在中间，一般放在主语、动词或者助动词后，两边分别加上逗号。如however / therefore /for example/i believe 做插入语放在中间，一般放在动词，助动词后，两边分别加上逗号。比如说： other individuals, however, take the attitude that …

3、关键词用词是否多样，准确，形象，尽量使用能够吸引阅卷老师眼球的闪光词，切勿老用重复词；一定要学会换词，换形象，具体的替换太宽泛的。(考试中一般不要出现good, bad , many, thing, think,如多用excellent, wonderful, fantastic代替good)

4、句型使用是否准确、地道。

英语四六级作文经典句型总结

一 开篇 Many nations have been faced with the problem of...2 Recently the problem has been brought into focus.3 Recently the phenomenon has become a heated topic.4 Recently the issue has aroused great concern among...5 Nowadays there is a growing concern over...According to a recent survey,...7 With the rapid development of...二）直陈观点

1.There is no point(use)in doing… …是没有任何意义的.2.while ……with one hand, ……with the other.当(我们)一方面…., 而另一方面…

eg.While money is eagerly collected in vast sums with one hand, it is paid out in increasingly vaster sums with the other.3.from the …point of view 从…角度来看

eg.From the health point of view 从健康的角度来看

4.must be rooted out in order to ….…必须根除以…

eg.Moral corruption must be rooted out in order to preserve the integrity of the state.为了使国家健康发展,必须根除腐败.5.stand tall and aim far, broaden one's vision and give full play to one's intelligence and wisdom on the broad arena of reform, opening-up and the modernization drive.站的高看的远,开扩自己的视野,在改革开放和现代化建设的大舞台上充分发挥个人才智(句中很多的词组都是作文中可以运用到的,比如改革开放:reform(and)opening-up等)

6.demonstrate the value of one's life and work hard to achieve feats that will live up to the expectations of the people and the times.证实自己的人生价值,努力的工作取得成就,而不辜负人民和时代的期望.7.When asked about…, the overwhelming majority of people say that ….But other people think of … as…./ But I think quite differently.(对报刊上某一问题(已有不同的人发表了不同的观点)发表自己的观点)

8.It is generally believed/ accepted / held that… 通常认为….9.It is no denying the fact that….无可否认…

三)原因

1.A number of factors are accountable for this situation.／A number of factors might contribute to(lead to)(account for)the phenomenon(problem).2.The answer to this problem involves many factors.3.The phenomenon mainly stems from the fact that...4.The factors that contribute to this situation include...5.Part of the explanations for it is that...One of the most common factors(causes)is that...Another contributing factor(cause)is...Perhaps the primary factor is that …

But the fundamental cause is that...四)后果

1.It may give rise to a host of problems.2.The immediate result it produces is...3 It will exercise a profound influence upon...4.Its consequence can be so great that...五)批驳

1.It is true that..., but one vital point is being left out.2.There is a grain of truth in these statements, but they ignore a more important fact.3.Some people say..., but it does not hold water.Many of us have been under the illusion that...5.A close examination would reveal how ridiculous the statement is.6 It makes no sense to argue for...Too much stress placed on...may lead to...Such a statement mainly rests on the assumption that...9 Contrary to what is widely accepted, I maintain that.六)举例 A good case in point is...2 As an illustration, we may take...3 Such examples might be given easily.4...is often cited as an example.七)证明 No one can deny the fact that...The idea is hardly supported by facts.Unfortunately, none of the available data shows...4 Recent studies indicate that...There is sufficient evidence to show that...According to statistics proved by..., it can be seen that...，八)利弊比较：

1.The advantage far outweigh the disadvantages.2.The advantages of A are much greater than those of B.3.A may be preferable to B, but A suffers from the disadvantages that...4.It is reasonable to maintain that...but it would be foolish to claim that...5.For all the disadvantages, it has its compensating advantages.6.Like anything else, it has its faults.7.A and B has several points in common.8.A bears some resemblances to B.9.However, the same is not applicable to B.10.A and B differ in several ways.11.Evidently, it has both negative and positive effects.12.People used to think..., but things are different now.13.The same is true of B.14.Wondering as A is ,it has its drawbacks.15.It is true that A..., but the chief faults(obvious defects)are...九)结尾 From what has been discussed above, we can draw the conclusion that...2 It is high time that strict measures were taken to stop...It is necessary that steps should be taken to...In conclusion, it is imperative that...There is no easy method, but...might be of some help.6 To solve the above-mentioned problem, we must...In summary, if we continue to ignore the above-mentioned issue, more problems will crop up.8 With the efforts of all parts concerned, the problem will be solved thoroughly.We might do more than identify the cause;it is important to take actions to...Taking all these into account, we...Whether it is good or not /positive or negative, one thing is certain/clear

附一：图表作文写作：

要对图表进行描写和讨论，首先要看懂图表，弄清其反映的问题或现象。注意：

1.图表的类型：pie chart(表示各种事物在总数中所占比例)

line graph(表示一种事物的上升或下降趋势)

bar graph(表示几种事物在同一时期上升或下降的情况)

table(表示多种事物之间的关系)2.抓住主要数据，反映根本问题：①借助题目和要求 ②变化明显的数字

3.掌握一些数字表达法：①In the year…, it rose/increased/soared/jumped//decreased/dropped/fell by …percent

②In comparison with…, the figure/percentage has nearly/more than doubled/tripled/quadrupled.③By the end of the last decade, as many as three quarters/75 percent of/three out of four/three in four college graduates as against/as opposed to 1990, had …

4.用于描写图表和数据

1）.It has increased by three times as compared with that of 2）here is an increase of 20% in total this year.3）.It has been increased by a factor of 4since 1995.4）.It would be expected to increase 5 times.5.）The table shows a three times increase over that of last year.6）.It was decreased twice than that of the year 1996.7）.The total number was lowered by 10%.It rose from 10-15 percent of the total this year.9）.Compared with 1997, it fell from 15 to 10 percent.10）.The number is 5 times as much as that of 1995.11.It has decreased almost two and half times, compared with…

5.表示变化的句型 1）上升增长

add up to… 增加了/to jump to / to soar to…… 一跃达到/ 猛增到/an increase of about…percent as compared with…… 与…相比大约增加了/to experience an increase/incline …有了增长

2）下降，减少

to sink/drop/reduce to… 减少到/to experience a decrease/decline …有了减少 注意：修饰上升/减少的副词有： rapidly slowly dramatically respectively 表达上升/减少的最后状态的词有：the highest peak the lowest point

3）起伏

to go up and down …起伏不定

eg.The strike rate went up and down during the period from 1952 to 1967./There be ups and downs …有起有伏

eg.Between 1972 and 1979, there were several ups and downs in（某方面）.4）稳定

to remain steady/level/unchanged …保持稳定，几乎不变eg.The rate of …remained steady(fairly level/almost unchanged)during the four years from 1963 to 1967./to level off(vi.)

eg.After a steady decline for a whole decade, the …rate shows signs of leveling off.5）占百分之几，几分之几

to form/comprise/make up/constitute ….percent …a half/third/fourth of……占…的1/2, 1/3,1/4占百分之…eg.Females make up only 24% of the illustrations whereas males constitute 76%./…account for…percent 占百分之几eg.……, accounting for approximately 20 percent of…

6）倍数

A be …times as much/many as B /．A doubles/is half/triples B A是B的两倍，一半，三倍

备注： 圆盘比例型图表 例： 一个圆盘显示了大学生在food, books, transportations, entertainment, clothes, unknown中的开销，它们各自占的比例依次是60%,3%,5%,10%,10%,12%，要求你描叙这个圆盘图。

描述:

The above pie chart consists of 6 segments, the largest one representing food, which accounts for 60% of the total.Clothes and entertainment each takes up 10%.5% goes to transportation and 3% books.All the rest expenses, 12% of all ,is spend on unknown items.总结写作模式 …pie chart consists of…segments, the largest one representing…,which accounts for …of the total.…each takes 附二：

一、用于驳性和比较性论文

1.In general, I don’t agree with

2.In my opinion, this point of view doesn’t hold water.3.The chief reason why… is that… 4.There is no true that… 5.It is not true that…

6.It can be easily denied than… 7.We have no reason to believe that…8.What is more serious is that… 9.But it is pity that…10.Besides, we should not neglect that…11.But the problem is not so simple.Therefore…12.Others may find this to be true, but I believer that…13.Perhaps I was question why… 14.There is a certain amount of truth in this, but we still have a problem with regard to… 15.Though we are in basic agreement with…,but 16.What seems to be the trouble up….…goes to….All the rest…, …of all,……..is…17.Yet differences will be found, that’s why I feel that…18.It would be reasonable to take the view that …, but it would be foolish to claim that…19.There is in fact on reason for us so believe that… 20.What these people fail to consider is that… 21.It is one thing to insist that… , it is quite another to show that …22.Wonderful as A is , however, it has its own disadvantages too.23.The advantages of B are much greater than A.24.A’s advantage sounds ridiculous when B’s advantages are taken into consideration.二、用于解释性和阐述性论说文

1.Everybody knows that…

2.It can be easily proved that…

3.It is true that…

4.No one can deny that

5.One thing which is equally important to the above mentioned is…

6.The chief reason is that…

7.We must recognize that…

8.There is on doubt that…

9.I am of the opinion that… 10.This can be expressed as follows;

11.To take …for an example…

12.We have reason to believe that

13.Now that we know that…

14.Among the most convincing reasons given, one should be mentioned…

15.The change in …largely results from the fact that

16.There are several causes for this significant growth in…,first …,second …,finally…

17.A number of factors could account for the development in…

18.Perhaps the primary reason is…

19.It is chiefly responsible of…

20.The reasons for…are complicated, And probably they are found in the fact…

21.Here are several possible reasons, excerpt that…

22.Somebody believes/argues/holds/insists/thinks that…

23.It is not simple to give the reason for this complicated phenomenon… 24.Different people observes it in different ways.一至七条为图表句型.范文 如下

Free Admission to Museums?

Nowadays, a lot of museums open to the public for free, and a lot of people are attracted to go there.However, it also brought some unexpected problems.At present, people can get knowledge from many ways like libraries, internet, and other sources.However, there is also much information that people cannot get from the above ways.Free admission museums supply more chances for the public to get knowledge that cannot be easily accessed.People can learn more things about history, art, science and so on.Although, this kind of policy brought much convenience to the public, it also caused some problems.For example, beggars and shabby-dressed people may enter the museums and cause bad reputation among the public;along with the increasing number of people getting into museums, there will be no enough service establishments to meet the requirements;besides, under the policy of free admission, the cultural relics displayed there may be inevitably broken or damaged by the crowds.Moreover, the crowds in the museums may also cause security problems.In my opinion, free admission is a good policy for the public, and it brings the public much convenience.But, we should also take possible measures to protect the cultural relics and maintain the order of spot.Besides, we can also take the policy of giving free admission first to children, then to the retired person, and last to the public.I think, this may help to solve the problems

第四篇：作文教学--布局谋篇[最终版]

作文教学——布局谋篇例文及练笔 开门见山法：例文示范 我的小天地

我的小天地，是一个很普通的房间，十多个平方，没有什么装修。然而对我来说，却比琼楼玉宇的宫阙还美丽，比科学迷宫还诱人。因为我的小天地，里面有我智慧的蓝本，是我心灵的一片绿洲。

我喜欢收藏。走进我的小天地，会看到一顶老式的立橱里，摆满我的小玩意儿。有放蝈蝈的竹笼子，有可写12种颜色的，圆珠笔，有画上花鸟的陶瓷笔筒，有坏了扳机的仿真冲锋枪，有用楠木精雕细刻而成的老寿星，有一把亮铮铮的小唢呐┄┄收藏的东西中，比较贵重的屈指可数，稀罕的寥寥无几，更多的是废品赝品削价处理品，但我很珍爱。即便有些人看来是破铜烂铁，我也视为珍品，如“掉牙”的订订书机，生锈的手摇绞肉机，老式的小龙头，还有各式各样的机器零件。为使小天地更富足，我得陇望蜀。妈妈放置金银首饰的一只小盒子很玲珑精致，我向她要，她不肯，说那是她的陪嫁，不能给。我死皮赖脸地纠缠，说那盒子，你结婚时是嫁妆，现在已属于公共财产，应该共享嘛。妈妈莞尔一笑，把盒子给了我。爷爷年轻时买的一只小闹钟，六十多了。爸爸把它当作对爷爷的纪念，放在他的书桌上。我不经商量，把它拿过来，放在我的“敞篷汽车”上；在汽车的侧栏上，书写这样几个字：“时间鞭策理想”。爸爸看了啼笑皆非，最后也就把小闹钟拱手相让了。

小玩意儿日渐多起来，如何摆设，需要动一番脑筋。我别出心裁，在披着斗篷的泥塑汉子面前，放一幅自制的弓箭，取名为“一触即发”；在不规则形状的瓦盆里堆叠小石头，然后倒进一些水，称作“天涯海角”；我突发奇想，让一个不倒翁躺倒在海绵上，含“打破常规”之意。每当我殚精竭虑，圆满地完成一个个画面的设计时，心里乐滋滋的，总要违反“百宝重地，闲人莫入”的“告示”，邀请爸爸妈妈入内参观，并津津乐道地作介绍。妈妈端详一会，便啧啧称赞几句。爸爸往往不赞一词，偶尔说一句“别自鸣得意，雕虫小技而已”之类的话，听了让人有点气馁。

随着年龄和知识的增长，我的小天地里书籍，艺术作品逐渐多起来。前不久，我的小天地里请来了一位尊贵的客人——电脑。通过小小的荧光屏，我可以漫游世界，可以访问中外著名的图书馆，这就使得我的那些书籍黯然失色，相形见绌了。不过，我童心未泯，一有空，我还会摆弄一下我收藏的小玩意儿。

走进我的小天地，冬天不凛冽，夏天不燥热，春天花飘香，秋天果累累。

我热爱我的小天地！

训练设计：

引语与要求：每个人都有自己的愿望与心声：有的想与某位师长亲友谈一谈久藏的心里话；有的想减轻过重的负担，多一些自由发展的空间；有的想消除与同学的误解，以重续友情；有的想向辛劳一生的父母奉献一份孝心；有的想把家乡变得更加美丽富饶；有的想施展才华，造福社会，实现自己的理想┄┄

请以“我多么想┄┄”为题，写出发自内心的一个愿望。要求先把题目补充完整，字数不少于600个。

指津：这样的题目，采用开门见山的写法，是比较适当的。一开头就把自己的愿望写出来，给读者既清晰又明快的印象，接着再去写为什么会有这样的愿望，自己怎样为此愿望而努力奋斗。欲扬先抑法：例文示范 我有这样一位妈妈

我要去参加市里举行的演讲比赛。当我把这个消息告诉妈妈的时候，妈妈只是很平淡地说了一声：“那就好好地准备一下。”一点也没有为我骄傲的神情，要知道我也是百里挑一才被推荐的啊！

周六晚上，我又向妈妈提起明天就要参加比赛的事。谁都知道妈妈是一位语文老师，演讲水平是一流的，我想让她再辅导辅导。不料，妈妈又只是说了一句：“那今晚就早点睡吧。”我一愣：“不辅导了？”妈妈瞥了我一眼点点头。“那，我自己干！”好久，我才憋出这么一句话来。嘴上虽这样说，心里却酸溜溜的，委屈的泪水有眼眶里直打转。

第二天早晨，我冒着蒙蒙细雨上路了。来到比赛地点一看，哟，人好多呀！走廊里，操场上，都站满了，大多数是来陪赛的家长。

我在走廊尽关倚着栏杆站了下来。我的旁边是一位和我差不多年龄的漂亮女孩子，她的身边围着一大群人：爸爸，妈妈，还有几个或许是姑妈，舅舅，爷爷吧！看见我，那个像是爷爷的老人和蔼地问：“参加比赛的？”我点了点头。“就一个人来的？”我回答说：“嗯，一个人。”当说“一个人”时，我的心里又泛起一阵子莫名的伤感。“18号演讲，19号准备。”

那个漂亮女孩子就是18号，这时，她爸爸还在给她做示范，爷爷忙着给她太阳穴擦清凉油，妈妈在为她整衣服。越是这样，她好像显得越慌乱。

我伸手去口袋里拿比赛证。蓦地，我摸到一张纸条，妈妈写的！“孩子，妈妈不辅导你，不给你做参谋，不陪你参加比赛，是因为完全相信你，祝你成功！”啊，妈妈原来——我明白了。妈妈的纸条。仿佛给了我一股神奇的力量，我对今天的演讲充满了胜利的把握。

我昂起头，却见那位漂亮女孩“卡壳”了，下面要讲的内容怎么也想不起来，最后捂住脸逃也似地下了台。

我，19号，迈着自信的步子，跨上演讲台------

训练设计：

题目：有这样一个老板

指津：市场经济社会，“老板”自然很多，企业家称老板，小店的店主也可称老板。对我们学生来说，不必去写“大老板”。可先贬抑这个“老板”很抠，穿着很平常，一点也没有“老板”的派头。然后褒扬他看了新闻，为一个“白血病”患者捐出一大笔款子的事。应该注

意的是，写这类文章必须把握好“抑”“扬”的分寸，找出“抑”和“扬”之间的内在联系，经完成由“抑”到“扬”的转化。

衔接过渡法：例文示范 蜘

蛛

有一次，妈妈叫我去柴房拿柴。我刚跨进门槛，忽觉得脸上黏黏的，一摸，原来是糊满了蜘蛛丝。我心想，今天非把这个蜘蛛弄死不可，就用手去拍，一拍，反而被它咬了一口，手指一阵酸痒。我又用苍蝇拍去拍，蜘蛛被我拍下来了，我再踩一脚，才消了气抱着柴，走出柴间。

自从这桩偶然的事情之后，蜘蛛在我心里留下了很坏的印象。它到处结网，弄得屋里脏脏的，扫掉又结起来。听老辈人说：“蜘蛛丝要是缠在眼睛里，眼睛就会瞎掉。”我更觉得蜘蛛全是坏，没有一点好处。可是，又有一件偶然的事，蜘蛛在我心里的坏印象被推翻了。

一天晚上，我坐在椅子上正津津有味地看着一本书。忽然觉得脚上一阵痛痒，一看，只见一只尖屁股蚊子正拼命地吸着我的血，我连忙用手拍打。糟了，这狡猾的小东西已经从我的手指缝里钻出去！我拍打着追了过去，只见它直往墙角的蜘蛛网撞去。蜘蛛已布下天罗地网，圆圆的身子好像充满了怒色，摆动着八只长脚一颠一颠地冲上去，用两只大钳钳住了蚊子，只轻轻地一吸，蚊子就丧了命。我望着这情景，不禁笑了起来。

以后，不知怎么的，我觉得它结的蜘蛛网也不像以前那么脏了。我明白了蜘蛛是捉蚊子和苍蝇的能手。听妈妈说，蜘蛛还能治病呢！

几年前，我们楼里的一个小孩子被蜈蚣咬了一下，胸上隆起了一个大包。他父母连忙去医院求医。医生先用毛巾把伤口肿起来的地方擦干净，然后抓起几只蜘蛛放在伤口周围。那几只蜘蛛拼命地吸起毒血来，不一会就把毒血吸完了。医生说：“蜘蛛最喜欢吸毒血，可吸了，它

就会丧命。”为了使蜘蛛免于死亡，医生捧来一盆清水，把蜘蛛放进水里，红色的毒血马上从蜘蛛的嘴里流出来。过了一会儿，吸进的毒血都流完了，蜘蛛又高高兴兴地爬上墙壁捉害虫去了。

蜘蛛不但能捉蚊子苍蝇，能治病，而且它还有一种顽强的精神呢！有一天，我坐在窗前做数学题。忽然，我被一道题难住了，我真想放弃算了。我抬头一看，天阴沉了下来，刮起大风，一个蜘蛛网被风吹破了，蜘蛛又重新编结；这样经过了好多次，风雨停住了，蜘蛛终于织起了一张完好的网。

啊，是什么力量促使小小的蜘蛛不屈不挠地织网？是顽强的精神！我想着想着，不知不觉地解出了那道难题。

训练设计：

题目：我爱家乡的要求：在横线上填上你最爱的东西，如小河，池塘，小桥，田野------，写一篇600字左右的文章，要有真情实感。

指津：可以穿插相关的传说，故事，增加家乡的生活气息。要将叙事，抒情，议论有机地结合起来。在穿插传说故事，内容转换的地方，写好过渡句或是过渡段。

曲终奏雅法：例文示范 渴望那一扇门能开着

静静地坐在桌子旁，孤独的台灯伴着灯下埋头写作业的我。有时我会呆呆地看着那扇门——父母房间的门，想看到从半掩着的门里透出的柔柔的，淡黄的灯光。但我知道，那是不可能的了，因为那扇门早已紧紧地关上了，从我每晚坐到写字台前准备做功课的时候，就紧紧地关上了。

七岁时，我独自一人睡在后房间。临睡前，我便会叫道：“妈妈，那你那扇门开着。”因为如果那扇门不开，我是决不敢入睡的。妈妈便让门虚掩着，让那束从房门中射出的灯光透到我房里。我便像拥着妈妈一样拥着灯光，甜甜地睡了。在我看来，那束灯光就像妈妈的目光一样，在妈妈温柔的目光中入睡，是孩子最美不过的事了。

还记得有个夏夜，由于天气闷热，我醒了。迷迷糊糊中，不见了父母房中的灯光，我便知道，那扇门已经关上了。不知为什么，脑海中浮现出电视剧《聊斋》中的画面，想象着也许就会在房中蹦出一只狐仙，或是跳出一个青面獠牙的小鬼来。我害怕极了，紧紧闭着眼睛，不敢再想。可是越不愿想就越是要想，而越想越怕，最后竟吓得眼泪掉了下来。于是，我壮了壮胆，飞快地下了床，跑到那扇门前，一下推开了它，直到能清清楚楚地看到爸爸妈妈，才回到自己的房间。孩子的心就这么奇怪，只因那扇门开了，便不再害怕，而且能带着笑容，做一个美美的梦。

不知从什么时候起，晚上的那扇门就紧紧地关闭了。门内是打毛衣的妈妈和看电视的爸爸；门外是我，还有那满桌的书本和那盏同我一样孤独的台灯。尽管我知道，父母关上门是为了不影响我的学习，为了不让电视的声音和讲话声干扰我。但我仍渴望它开着，让我不觉得孤独，让我可以听到父母的谈话声，可以让我切实地感受到他们就在我的身边。

有时候，我从作业堆里走出来，敲响父母房间的门。可当母亲打开房门，便会一脸关切地问：“孩子，有什么事吗？”我只能无言，会有什么事呢？无非是想瞟一眼电视，或和父母唠叨几句罢了。但我明白，父母的心愿是什么，从他们的眼神中，我知道我应该乖乖地坐在书桌前，看书写字罢了。于是，我又默默地退回到我的房中。那扇门在我身后又轻轻地关上了。

偶尔，那扇门也会吱呀地开启，母亲会端着一杯热气腾腾的麦片冲剂放在我的书桌旁，或是父亲开门进来看看我是不是在认真学习。而我们之间的谈话也绝不会超过一分钟，他们便会悄悄地退出，关上我房间的门，又轻轻地关上他们房间的门。在我看来，他们关上的不仅仅是房间的门，而且是我们之间心灵的门，情感的门啊！我多么渴望，渴望那扇门能永远敞开着！

训练设计：

要求：有一篇文章，题为“我家的台灯”，它通过对爸爸亲手制作的一盏玲珑剔透的台灯的详细介绍，交代了写作意旨：高超的手艺与坚忍的毅力、艰苦的劳动是分不开的。请你根据上面提供的作文题目及其主题写一个结尾，要求能归结全文并点明主题。

指津 ：既文章是对台灯的介绍，那么结尾应围绕“台灯”，睹物生情，用抒情或议论对台灯作一番赞美。

第五篇：大学四六级英语重要短语、句型总结

大学四六级英语写作中可以用到的重要短语、句型总结

一、备用短语

1.能源危机: energy crisis 2.民族自豪感: national pride 3.经济和技术的进一步发展: further advances in economy and technology 4.设法对付压力: manage one’s stress 5.非常流行: be very prevalent 6.采取行动: take action 7.保持积极的态度: keep a positive attitude 8.实现诺言: keep one’s promise 9.电脑天才: a computer genius 10.电脑盲: a computer illiterate

11.取得非凡的进步: make remarkable progress 12.生物遗传: biological inheritance 13.在……方面起着重要(积极的/消极的)作用: play a significant(positive/negative)role in… 14.按时: be punctual 15.保持乐观(坚定/悲观)的态度: maintain an optimistic(a firm/ a pessimistic)attitude 16.热爱和平: love peace 17.说明原因：account for(= is the reason of)Stem from/contribute to/arise from/ 18.缺乏生活经历: lack life experience 19.人工智能: artificial intelligence 20.对他人有耐心: be patient with others 21.忍受痛苦: be patient of pains 22.适应新生活: adapt oneself to the new life 23.抓住机会: grasp/seize/catch the chance 24.对……有很大好处（坏处）: do great good(harm)to …(do more good than harm)25.假冒商品: fake commodities 26.盗版书: pirated books 27.从长远来看: in the long run 28.扰乱公平竞争的市场: upset the fairly competitive market 29.有能力的公民: competent citizens 30.获得真正的快乐: attain real happiness 31.在……花费大量的时间: devote much time to…/dedicate oneself/much time/energy/effort to/channel …into Be devoted to sth/doing sth Be dedicated to sth/doing sth 32.相反: on the contrary 33.迷信: be superstitious

34.充分利用时间: make full use of one’s time/budget one’s time

35.不顾风险: regardless of risks/despite the risks/in spite of the risks

36.发展中国家: developing countries 37.发达国家: developed countries 38.性别歧视: gender discrimination 39.做一项试验: conduct an experiment

40.把理论应用于实践: apply theories to practice 41.跨国公司的兴起: the rise of multinational corporations

42.在……方面落后: lag behind in… 43.想做……: feel like doing… 44.自食其力: earn one’s living

45.核武器: nuclear weapons

46.认为……理所当然: take …for granted 47.不遗余力: spare no efforts 48.在激烈的竞争中占上风:

get the upper hand in the fierce competition 49.来自各行各业的人们: people from all walks of life

50.地球村: global village

51.通才教育: a broad education

52.明辨是非: distinguish right from wrong 53.老实/坦白地/一般来说:

honestly/frankly/generally speaking 54.确立目标: set goals/set the direction 55.克服困难: overcome difficulties

56.面临挑战: be confronted with challenges 57.把……因素考虑进去:

take … into account/ consideration 58.重视: attach great significance to… 59.对……不可或缺: be indispensable to… 60.缩小差别: narrow the gap

61.加快发展: accelerate the development

62.充分发挥潜力: bring one’s potential into full play

63.繁荣昌盛: be prosperous

64.消除饥饿和暴力: eliminate hunger and violence

65.享受更美好的生活: enjoy a higher standard of living

66.自然资源: natural resources 67.展望更加光明的未来:

look forward to a much brighter future

二、经典句型

（一）、起笔句型

1.When it comes to/when we speak of science, the overwhelming majority of people hold an optimistic view that.They regard/take it as our duty to....1

But others argue/assume/claim/advocate/propose/hold that the opposite is true.There is probable some truth on both sides, but as far as I am concerned, I believe that…

2.There is a general debate over the phenomenon of students’ doing a part-time job.Those who advocate it claim that the experience does great good to these students/do more good than harm to students But people who object to it, on the other hand, hold the view that…

3.It’s widely held/claimed/advocated/acknowledged/assumed/cited/well known that the rise/increase in teenage smoking is the inevitable result of economic development.But it’s not a satisfactory explanation.Personally speaking, I think the primary cause is that…

4.In recent years, there has been a dramatic/ steady increase/ decrease in the number of PCs in China, which has drawn/aroused public attention/concern.5.In the past few years, China has witnessed/ seen a sharp rise/fall in the number of PCs.It is well known that the number has increased/ jumped/soared/rocketed/ decreased/ dropped/shrank(shrink的过去式)by 20 percent compared with 10 years ago.A couple of factors can account for the phenomenon.（二）、用于承接转折句型

1.There are a number of reasons for my choice.For one thing/On one hand…;for another/ on the other hand…

2.A good case in point is …

3.It is no easy task to find the reason for the deep-seated/deep rooted tendency which involves several factors.Frankly speaking, however …

4.There is no denying that everything has two sides.But when we weigh this measure’s advantages against its disadvantages, we can see easily that its advantages outweigh its disadvantages.So I’m for it.5.Take… for example

6.Thanks to/ Owing to/ Due to/ As a result of/ Because of…

7.“Knowledge is power.” Such is the remark made by Bacon.This remark has been shared by more and more people.8.Let me cite another example to prove my opinion.9.It may seem reasonable for people to draw such a conclusion, but they fail to take into account the fact that…

10.As a result, it may give rise to other problems.11.For all/In spite of/Despite its demerits, it still has striking merits.So, although some people are against it, I won’t change my mind.I am in favor of it.12.Etiquette is to society what apparel is to the individual.Forest is to our earth what lungs are to our body.（三）、用于文章结尾句型

1.Taking into account all these factors, we may reasonably draw/come to/arrive at the conclusion that…

2.In summary/ In brief/ In a word/ In conclusion/ All in all, we’d better…

3.No doubt, it’s high time that we took immediate action.4.It is necessary that effective measures/ remedies should be taken to bring the current phenomenon to an end.3