第一篇：英语作文一
英语作文技巧一
一、好的英语作文的具体要求
1．要点全面、表达准确、语句连贯，符合交际要求。
2．能用书写体熟练清楚地书写，格式、连笔、词距、标点正确。
3．书写格式、行文及礼貌用语等无严重错误。
4．基本语法和常用句型无严重错误，意思表达清楚。
5．恰当使用复杂结构、新颖词汇和顺畅连接。
二、英语作文写作要领
1．第一步是仔细审题。重点注意内容要点，写作对象和交际目的。
2．要写草稿，实在没时间也要写一个提纲。
3．确定好时态。转述别人观点常用现在时。记叙经常发生的事用一般现在时，描写过去发生的事用过去时。
4．不出现中文，不用汉语拼音。不生造中国式的英语。要用你听过的话来说，用你读过的句子来写。
5．第一句很重要，不要轻易下笔。尾句部分容易出错，要留意。
6．为防止遗漏内容要点，可在原题上标出记号。
7．几个必要的连词一定要用，或顺接、或转折、或让步、或比较。
8．写记叙文，注意六个要素：who, where, when, why, how and the result.9．议论文，注意论点与论据一致。还要注意是让你写一方观点还是介绍对立的两种观点。
10．应用文主要是写信或通知，告知活动安排。一般按时间顺序写比较稳妥。
11．试卷注意部分给出的参考词汇应尽量用上，不要自作主张忽略不用。
12．词汇的闪光之处即不要重复你在本文中用过的和大家都可能用的。全是简单句得不了好分。要用新颖的词汇传达最通俗的信息。
13．采用多变的句式，如被动句式、定语从句，with加复合宾语以及倒装句等。
14．有时候阅读题中的句型可以稍加改造，抄来用在自己的作文中。
15．字数一般应稍多于试题的最低要求，但不宜过长，因为言多有失。
16．写完后要检查复核，重点看动词的使用。最好是写完作文后先查查别的题型，因为自己刚写完的东西马上检查常常看不出问题。
三、英语作文写作建议
1．经常写随笔，每日三五句。出点错误也没什么。
2．背诵小短文或漂亮句子，多多益善。
3．最好的练习材料就是近几年各地的高考试题。练习时，先看题，自己写，写完后看答案，根据答案，修正自己的作文。但注意不要过多修正，要保持自己作文的原貌，每次只改动3~4个地方即可。
4．初学写作多写记叙文。
5．抄写短文，会使自己摆脱中文式的英文，可练习抄写新概念第二册。
6．多听、多说、多读对写作的提高至关重要。
第一章文章开头句型
1、对立法 : 先引出其他人的不同看法,然后提出自己的看法或者偏向于某一看法,适用于有争议性的主题.例如
[1]When asked about....., the vast/overwhelming majority of people say that.......But I think/view a bit differently.当被问及····，大多数人认为|说·····但是我有点不这麽认为。
[2]When it comes to...., some people bielive that.......Others argue/claim that the opposite/reverse is true.There is probably some truth in both
arguements/statements , but(I tend to the profer/latter...)
当它涉及·····一些人相信·····其他人主张相反的观点。在这些观点里，有可能有一部分是真的，但是我倾向于前者或后者····
[3]Now, it is commonly/generally/widely believed/held/acknowledged that....They claim/ believe/argue that...But I wonder/doubt whether.....现在，大家普遍认为·····他们主张·····但是我怀疑····是否······
2、现象法 引出要剖析的现象或者问题, 然后评论.[1] Recently the rise in problem of/(phenomenon of)...has cause/aroused public/popular/wide/ worldwide concern.最近，·····问题（现象）的逐渐严重已经引起广泛的关注。
[2]Recently the issue of the problem of/the phenomenon of...has been brought into focus.(has been brouth to public attention)
大意同上
[3]Inflation/Corruption/Social inequality...is yet another of the new and bitter truth we have to learn to face now/constantly.通货膨胀/腐败/社会不平等·····是另外一个新的令人感到苦涩的我们不得不学会去面对的一个事实。
3、观点法----开门见山,直接了当地提出自己对要讨论的问题的看法.[1]Never history has the change of..been as evident as...Nowhere in the world/China has the issue/idea of..benn more visible/popular than...[2]Now people in growing/significant numbers are beginnig/coming to
realize/accept/(be aware)that...现在，越来越多人开始认为（意识到）·····
[3]Now there is a growing awareness/recognation to the necessity to......Now people become increasingly aware/conscious of the importance of......大意同上
[4]Perhaps it is time to have a fresh look at the attitude/idea that.......也许，是时侯对······观点拥有新的认识。
4、引用法-----先引出名人名言或者有代表性的看法, 来引出文章要展开论述的观点!
[1]“Knowledge is power.” such is the remark made by Bacon.This remark has been shared by more and more people.“知识就是力量”这句是培根的名言。这句名言已经被广泛的接受。
“Education is not complete with gradulation.” Such is the opinion of a great American philosopher.Now more and more people share his opnion.“教育不是完成于毕业”这句是美国一位著名的哲学家所说的。越来越多的人接受这句话。
[2]“.........” How often we hear such statements/words like thoses /this.“······”我们经常听到这样的话。
In our own days we are used to hearing such traditional complains as this “......”.在我们的日常生活中，我们习惯于听到如此传统得解释“·······”。
[3]As the saying goes that“````````”
正如某句名言说的“······”
5、比较法------通过对过去,现在 两种不同的倾向,观点的比较 , 引出文章要讨论的观点.[1]For years,...had been viewed as...But people are taking a fresh look now.With the growing..., people........[2]People used to think that...(In the past,....)But people now share this new.人们过去常常认为·····但是现在人们持这个观点。
6、故事法----先讲一个较短的故事来引发读者的兴趣, 引出文章的主题.[1]Once in(a newspaper), I read of/learnt....The phenemenon of...has aroused public concern.这个现象激发人们的公共意识。
[2]I have a friend who...Should he....? Such a dilemma we are often confront with in our daily life.如此进退两难的局面是我们日常生活中经常面对的。
[3]Once upon a time , there lived a man who...This story may be(unbelievable), but it still has a realistic significance now.很久以前，·······也许这个故事令人难以置信，但它仍有重大的现实意义
8、问题法-----先用讨论或解答的设问, 引出自己观点, 适用于有争议性的话题.Should/What......? Options of...vary greatly , some..., others...But in my opinion ,.......第二章文章中间主体内容句型
原因结果分析
1、基本原因---分析某事物时, 用此句型说明其基本的或者多方面的原因.[1]Why...? For one thing..For another...为什么·····？第一·····第二·····
[2]The answer to this problem involes many factors.For one thing...For another......Still another...这个问题的答案涉及到许多因素。第一·····第二·····另外·······
[3]A number of factors , both physical and psychological affect..../both individual and social contribute to....许多因素，包括物质上的和精神上的·····个人原因都能导致·····
2、另一原因--------> 在分析了基本原因之后, 再补充一个次要的或者更重要时用!
[1]Another important factor is....[2]..is also responsible for the change/problem.[3]Certainly , the...is not the sole reason for.....当然，······不是·····的唯一因素
3、后果影响---------分析某事物可能造成的后果或者带来的影响.[1]It will produce a profound/far-reaching effect/impact on....[2]In involves some serious consequence for........第三章文章结尾形式
1、结论性---------通过对文章前面的讨论 ,引出或重申文章的中心思想及观点.[1]From what has been discussed above, we may safely draw the conclusion that.....从以上所讨论的，我们确实可以得出·····的结论。
[2]In summary/In a word , it is more valuable.......2、后果性------揭示所讨论的问题若不解决, 将产生的严重后果.[1]We must call for an immediate method , because the current phenomenon of..., if allowed to proceed, will surely lead to the heavy cost of.......我们必须提出一个紧急方案，因为当前的····现象，如果被允许进行，将理所当然的导致·····的重大代价花费
[2]Obviously , if we ignore/are blind to the problem , there is every chance that..will be put in danger.明显的，如果我们对这个问题视而不见，····将有更大的可能被置于危险之中。
3、号召性--------呼吁读者行动起来, 采取行动或提请注意.[1]It is time that we urged an immediate end to the undesirable tendency of......是我们促使将不好的趋势结束的时候。
[2]It is essential that effective measures should be taken to correct the tendency.有效的措施被用来改变这倾向是必须的。
4、建议性--------对所讨论的问题提出建议性的意见, 包括建议和具体的解决问题的方法.[1]While it cannot be solved immediately, still there are ways.The most popular is....Another method is...Still another one is.....[2]Awareness/Recognition of the problem is the first step toward the situation.对这问题的察觉认识是面对这种情况的第一步。
5、方向性的结尾方式----其与建议性的唯一差别就是对问题解决提出总的, 大体的方向或者指明前景.[1]Many solutions are being offered here , all of them make some sense, but none is adequate enough.The problem should be recognized in a wide way.make some sense：有意义，讲得通，有道理
[2]There is no quick method to the issue of.., but..might be helpful/benefical.[3]The great challenge today is......There is much difficulty , but........6、意义性的结尾方式--------> 文章结尾的时候,从更高的更新的角度指出所讨论的问题的重要性以及其深远的意义!
[1]Following these suggestions may not guarantee the success, but the pay off might be worth the effort.It will not only benefit.....but also benefit.....[2] In any case, whether it is posotive or negative, one thing is certain that it will undoubtedly..。
第二篇：英语作文一
一、---the +中考试题】
2014年中考英语作文真题预测：网络游戏
题目：李华沉迷于电脑游戏中，影响了学习。作为他的好朋友，你打算怎么帮他呢?请用下面所给的提示词写一篇不少于80字的短文。字迹工整，语言流畅。
提示词：give up concentrate on be(become)interested in
★ 范文
Li Hua spent too much time playing computer games and he fell behind others.As a good friend of his, I must do something to help him.Firstly, I think it’s very important for him to learn lessons well.He should spend most of his time on his study instead of computer games.Secondly, I must tell him that playing computer games too much is bad for his health, especially for his eyes.So he must give it up.I can play more sports with him after school.Maybe he will become more interested in sports than computer games.And then I'll ask him to concentrate more on his study.Of course, I will try my best to help him with all his subjects.I think I can do it in many fun ways and let him find much fun in studying.At the same time, I'll ask both his parents and our teachers to help him, too.If I try these, I'm sure he will make great progress soon.
第三篇：英语作文 一
英语作文 一
从2008年6月1日起，国家已禁止商家免费提供塑料袋，掀起全国“拒塑”的环保运动。假如你是李华，准备以“What can we do for the environment”为题。写一篇保护环境的英语演讲稿。
内容包括：
1.在购物时用布袋子代替塑料袋。
2.2尽可能使用二手课本。
3.离开教室应关灯。
4.最好走路或骑车上学。
5.简述理由：保护环境，减少污染，节约能源等。
注意：
1.字数：80左右。开头和结尾已写好，不计入总数。
2.可根据要点适当增加细节，使行文连贯。
3.文章中不能出现真实姓名和学校，否则以零分处理。
4.参考词汇：布袋子cloth bag 塑料袋plastic bag 保护protect能源energy污染pollution课本textbook
范文：
What Can We Do for the Environment
Hello, everyone.I am Li Hua, It’s nice to speak about what we can do for the environment, and I think each of us can do a little bit to help with this problem.From now on, we should go to school by bike or on foot instead of in a car.We should plant more trees and flowers, so that the air will be fresher.We should prefer cloth bag to plastic bag to reduce white pollution.In order to save energy, we should take less lift and reuse water.We should use second-hand book, so we don’t need to cut down more trees.At last, please remember to turn off the light when you are leaving.If everyone takes action, our environment will be better and better, our world will be more beautiful.
第四篇：英语作文一
Wealth and HappinessEverybody wants to get wealth.In today’s material world, making money or becoming wealthy symbolizes a person’s success and capability.Many people just make every effort, pay any price to attain greater wealth.With money, they can but nice, large apartments in nice neighborhood;with money, they can own stately luxury cars.Wealth seems with money, they can own stately luxury cars.Wealth seems to bring all happiness in life.In my opinion, people cannot do anything without money, but money is not everything.What money will bring you depends on your personal belief and goal in life.If you are kind enough to help others, especially the poor, money is a good thing to you.With it, you can do much more for the benefit of people and your country, and it will and to your own happiness.If you want money just for your own needs, you’ll never be satisfied or happy.In a word, you should have money spent for more people, only then can money be the source of your happiness.Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic Should Universities lower Admission Requirements for Celebrities? You should write at least 150 words, and base your composition on the outline(given in Chinese)below:1)近年来很多名牌大学都会降低标准招收名人学生，一些人强烈反对这样做
2)但也有不少人认为这很正常
3)你对此的看法是„„，为什么?
【思路点拨】
本题属于提纲式文字命题。提纲第1点指出一些人对于某种现象的看法，提纲第2点指出对该现象的另外一种看法，提纲第3点要求表明“我”的看法，由此可判断本文应为对比选择型作文。
根据所给提纲，本文应包含以下内容：描述近年来名牌大学降低标准招收名人学生这一现象;对比阐述关于该现象的两种不同的看法和各自的理由;表明“我”更倾向于哪种看法并说明理由。
【参考范文】
Should Universities lower Admission Requirements for Celebrities?
In recent years, many famous universities lower admission requirements for celebrities.More and more celebrities, especially sports stars, have been admitted to famous universities even without an entry examination.This phenomenon has become a subject of widespread controversy.Some people object strongly that universities lower admission requirements for celebrities.They hold that this admission pattern will damage the basic fairness rule of education.In addition, they say that if a person who has not enough academic ability is admitted to the university, it would be an insult on college education.However, still other people think it acceptable.They say that these celebrities deserve this privilege because they have proved their abilities in their field.Besides, in their opinions, these celebrities to some extent set a good model for other young people.Weighing these two arguments, I prefer the latter one.For one thing, these celebrities have sacrificed much learning time for their work, so they should be provided a better chance for learning.For another, if they accept advanced education, they could serve the society better.Therefore, I suggest that people should pay more attention to these celebrities’ efforts and contributions rather than the special treatment they enjoy.Wealth and Happiness
Everybody wants to get wealth.In today’s material world, making money or becoming wealthy symbolizes a person’s success and capability.Many people just make every effort, pay any price to attain greater wealth.With money, they can but nice, large apartments in nice neighborhood;with money, they can own stately luxury cars.Wealth seems with money, they can own stately luxury cars.Wealth seems to bring all happiness in life.In my opinion, people cannot do anything without money, but money is not everything.What money will bring you depends on your personal belief and goal in life.If you are kind enough to help others, especially the poor, money is a good thing to you.With it, you can do much more for the benefit of people and your country, and it will and to your own happiness.If you want money just for your own needs, you’ll never be satisfied or happy.In a word, you should have money spent for more people, only then can money be the source of your happiness.Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic Secondhand Goods.You should write at least 150 words, and base your composition on the outline(given in Chinese)below:
1)目前购买二手货的人越来越多
2)分析产生这一现象的原因3)二手货交易可能带来的问题
【思路点拨】
本题属于提纲式文字命题。提纲第1点指出一种现象，提纲第2点要求分析该现象产生的原因，提纲第3点要求谈谈该现象可能带来的问题，由此可判断本文应为现象解释型作文根据所给提纲，本文应包含以下内容：描述目前二手货的交易现状;说明二手货交易增加的原因;分析二手货交易可能带来的问题。
【参考范文】
Secondhand Goods
In recent years, second-hand transactions have become quite common.Nowadays there are more and more secondhand goods in the market, such as secondhand books, furniture, appliances, cars, and so on.Why do so many people like to buy secondhand goods?
The following reasons can account for this phenomenon.Above all, secondhand goods are cheaper than new ones.This enables those people who have poor financial abilities to buy the things they want.Moreover, secondhand goods transactions make it possible for people to make good use of the goods which may be useless in their hands.Besides, Internet provides a more convenient and quicker transaction platform for secondhand goods.However, there are also some problems in secondhand goods transactions.For one thing, the
quality of secondhand goods can not be promised and you can not enjoy the good after-sale service.For another, secondhand goods market lacks enough supervision and management, and there exist many dishonest business activities.In a word, I think secondhand goods transaction is a good trading way, but it needs further perfection of the rules.Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a letter to a publishing house on food safety.You should write at least 120 words according to the outline given below in Chinese:
假设你的同学因食用从某超市买回的食品而食物中毒，后经治疗康复。请给报社写一封信，描述他(们)的中毒与脱险经过，呼吁社会各界重视食品安全。
【范文】
A Letter to a Publishing House on Food Safety
June 15th, 2006
Dear Sir or Madam,Thank you for taking time to read this letter.As the problem of food safety has been becoming worse and worse nowadays, I am obliged to write to you.Several days ago, one of my classmates came back from supermarket with a large bag of food.Because of having found a new style of tinned?ish in the food store, she was very glad.Several other roommates were invited to enjoy the “mouth?atering chicken”.Unfortunately, after finishing the food, all of my three friends had stomachaches and vomited, their faces having become paler and paler.Due to
sensitivity to that kind of tinned food, I escaped that suffer.At that time, my mind went blank.I dialed the emergency number with my trembling hand, therefore they were quickly sent to hospital.The doctor said they were lucky to be out of danger because they did not eat too much of that rotten fish and were hospitalized on time.This is the matter that happened around me which made me realize the seriousness of the food safety problem.I sincerely hope that the whole society could attach much importance to this issue.Thanks!
Yours,Julie
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a letter on the issue of employment for gradutes.You should write at least 120 words, and base your composition on the outline given below in Chinese:
1.就业的形势越来越严峻，东西部人才供需并不均衡。
2.你认为是否应在西部就业及其原因
【范文】
The Issue of Employment for Gradutes
As we all know, the situation of employment graduate is urgent nowadays.Employment
becomes a major social issue in our country.More and more people pay great attention to it.This issue result from two aspects.First many undergraduates are finding jobs.They hope to get a job with high salary and other pensions.So the government and the society face great pressure.More job opportunities are needed to create for them.On the other hand, there are many vacancies of jobs in the west.So there comes an imbalance between the supply and demand in the east and the west.Few people want to seek jobs in the west.They prefer to live in the major cities, such as Beijing , shanghai and other developped areas.To solve this issue, it is a better choice to encourage people to seek jobs in the west.This also help to develop local economy and offer a brandew chance for graduates.
第五篇：一-英语作文赏析
一 ~~~ the + ~ est + 名词 +(that)+ 主词 + have ever + seen(known/heard/had/read, etc)
~~~ the most + 形容词 + 名词 +(that)+ 主词 + have ever + seen(known/heard/had/read, etc)
例句：Helen is the most beautiful girl that I have ever seen.海伦是我所看过最美丽的女孩。
Mr.Chang is the kindest teacher that I have ever had.张老师是我曾经遇到最仁慈的教师。
二 Nothing is + ~~~ er than to + V Nothing is + more + 形容词 + than to + V
例句：Nothing is more important than to receive education.没有比接受教育更重要的事。
三 ~~~ cannot emphasize the importance of ~~~ too much.（再怎么强调……的重要性也不为过。）
例句：We cannot emphasize the importance of protecting our eyes too much.我们再怎么强调保护眼睛的重要性也不为过。
四 There is no denying that + S + V...（不可否认的……）
例句：There is no denying that the qualities of our living have gone from bad to worse.不可否认的，我们的生活品质已经每况愈下。
五 It is universally acknowledged that + 句子~~（全世界都知道……）例句：It is universally acknowledged that trees are indispensable to us.全世界都知道树木对我们是不可或缺的。
六 There is no doubt that + 句子~~（毫无疑问的……）
例句：There is no doubt that our educational system leaves something to be desired.毫无疑问的我们的教育制度令人不满意。
七 An advantage of ~~~ is that + 句子（……的优点是……）
例句：An advantage of using the solar energy is that it won't create(produce)any pollution.使用太阳能的优点是它不会制造任何污染。
八 The reason why + 句子 ~~~ is that + 句子（……的原因是……）
例句：The reason why we have to grow trees is that they can provide us with fresh air.The reason why we have to grow trees is that they can supply fresh air for us.我们必须种树的原因是它们能供应我们新鲜的空气。
九 So + 形容词 + be + 主词 + that + 句子（如此……以致于……）
例句：So precious is time that we can't afford to waste it.时间是如此珍贵，我们经不起浪费它。
十 Adj + as + Subject（主词）+ be, S + V~~~（虽然……）
例句：Rich as our country is, the qualities of our living are by no means satisfactory.(by no means = in no way = on no account 一点也不)虽然我们的国家富有，我们的生活品质绝对令人不满意。
十一 The + ~er + S + V, ~~~ the + ~er + S + V ~~~
The + more + Adj + S + V, ~~~ the + more + Adj + S + V ~~~（愈……愈……）
例句：The harder you work, the more progress you make.你愈努力，你愈进步。
The more books we read, the more learned we become.我们书读愈多，我们愈有学问。
十二 By +Ving, ~~ can ~~（借着……，能够……）
例句：By taking exercise, we can always stay healthy.借着做运动，我们能够始终保持健康。
十三 ~~~ enable + Object（受词）+ to + V（使……能够……）
例句：Listening to music enable us to feel relaxed.听音乐使我们能够感觉轻松。
十四 On no account can we + V ~~~（我们绝对不能……）
例句：On no account can we ignore the value of knowledge.我们绝对不能忽略知识的价值。
十五 It is time + S + 过去式（该是……的时候了）
例句：It is time the authorities concerned took proper steps to solve the traffic problems.该是有关当局采取适当的措施来解决交通问题的时候了。Agreement: 主语和谓语在人称、数上的一致，关系代词与先行词的一致。
Ambiguity: 尽量不去使用可能引起歧义的词语或句子。
Brief: 文章“简为贵”，要抓住要点，简明扼要。
Coherence: 文理通顺，前后连贯。
Development: 主题的发挥应当充分、合理、正确。
Division: 词汇、句子、段落要分配使用得当，划分要清楚，避免使用重复字句和种子片段。
Figures: 正确合理使用各类修辞格式。
Inflated diction: 不使用做作的语言。
Key: 用适当的关键词突出主题，每段都应有主题句。
Logical: 内容要符合逻辑。
Message: 信息要新鲜、确实、可信。
Omit: 合理删除多余的不必要部分。
Proposition: 主张、观点、论述要清楚肯切、合情入理。
Punctuation: 正确适时使用标点符号。
Relevant: 文章一定要要题。
Sentence pattern: 句型要尽量多样化。
Strait: 开门见山，直来直去。
Style: 文体恰切，适合内容要求。
Tense: 动词时态要正确、一致、变化合理。
Theme: 选题得当，主题突出
1.增补(Addition)
in addition, furthermore, again, also, besides, moreover, what`s more, similarly, next, finally.2.比较(Comparison)in the same way, likewise, similarly, equally, in comparison, just as 3.对照(Contrast)
whereas, in contrast, on the other hand, instead, however, nevertheless, unlike, even though, on the contrary, while
4.因果(Cause and Effect)
because, because of, for, since, due to, owing to, thanks to, as a result(of), accordingly, hence, so, thus
5.强调(Emphasis)
certainly, above all, indeed, of course, surely, actually, as a matter of fact, chiefly, especially, primarily, in particular, undoubtedly, absolutely, most imprtant
6.让步(Concession)
although, though, after all, in spite of, nevertheless, still, provided, while it is true....7.例证(Exemplification)
for example, for instance, that is, namely, such as, in other words, in this case, by way of illustration.8.总结(Conclusion)
to sum up, to conclude, in a word, in short, in brief, all in all, in all, to put it in a nutshell, in summary
9.推断(Inference)
therefore, as a result(of), consequently, accordingly, so, otherwise 10.时间和空间(Time and Space)afterward, after, first, later, then, soon, outside, near, beyound, above, below, on the right(left), in the middle, opposite, in front of I.用于文章主题句
1.不用说¸…
It goes without saying that子句 =(It is)needless to say(that)子句 = It is obvious that子句 = Obviously, S.+ V.例︰不用说早睡早起是值得的。
It goes without saying that it pays to keep early hours.2.…是不可能的;无法… There is no Ving = There is no way of Ving.= There is no possibility of Ving.= It is impossible to V.= It is out of the question to V.= No one can V.= We cannot V.例︰不可否认的¸成功的事业关键在于健康的身心。There is not denying that successful business lies in a healthy body and mind.3.我深信…
I am greatly convinced(that)子句 = I am greatly assured(that)子句 例︰我深信预防是于治疗。
I am greatly convinced that prevention is better than cure.4.在各种…之中¸… Among various kinds of …, … = Of all the …, …
例︰在各种运动中¸我尤其喜欢慢跑。
Among various kinds of sports, I like jogging in particular.5.…是很容易证明的。It can be easily proved(that)子句 例︰时间最珍贵是很容易证明的。
It can be easily proved that nothing is more precious than time.6.…无论如何强调都不为过 … cannot be overemphasized
例︰交通安全的重要性无论如何强调都不为过。The importance of traffic safety cannot be overemphasized.7.就我的看法¸…；我认为… In my opinion, … = To my mind, ….= As far as I am concerned, … = I am of the opinion that子句
例︰就我的看法¸打电动玩具既花费时间也有害健康。
In my opinion, playing video games not only takes much time but is also harmful to health.8.(A)每个人都知道… Everyone knows(that)子句(B)就我所知¸…
As far as my knowledge is concerned, … 例︰就我所知¸下列方法对我帮助很大。
As far as my knowledge is concerned, the following ways are of great help to me.9.毫无疑问地¸… There is no doubt(that)子句
例︰毫无疑问地¸近视在我国的年轻人中是一个严重的问题。
There is no doubt that near-sightedness is a serious problem among the youth of our country.10.根据我个人经验¸…
According to my personal experience, … = Based on my personal experience, …
例︰根据我个人经验¸微笑已带给我许多好处。
According to my personal experience, smile has done me a lot of good.11.在我认识的人当中¸也许没有一个人比…更值得我尊敬。Of all the people I know, perhaps non deserves my respect more than …
例︰在我认识的人当中¸也许没有一个人比我的英文老师张老师更值得我尊敬。Of all the people I know, perhaps non deserves my respect more than Miss Chang, my English teacher.12.在我的求学过程中¸我忘不了…
In the course of my schooling.I will never forget …
例︰在我的求学过程中¸我忘不了学习英文所遭到的大困难。
In the course of my schooling.I will never forget the great difficulty I encountered in learning English.13.(A)随着人口的增加¸… With the increase/growth of the population, …(B)随着科技的进步, … With the advance of science and technology, … 例︰随着台湾经济的快速发展¸许多社会问题产生了。
With the rapid development of Taiwan's economy, a lot of social problems have come to pass.14.(A)在这信息的年代¸…扮演重要的角色。
In the age of information and communication, … plays an important role.(B)在今日工业社会中¸…是生命不可或缺的。In today's industrial society, … is indispensable to life.例︰在这信息的年代¸计算机扮演非常重要的角色。
In this age of information and communication, the computer plays an extremely important role.15.在讨论…¸一个人不得不承认…。
In dealing with …, one cannot but admit(that)子句
例︰在讨论未来的职业¸一个人不得不承认尽早决定未来的职业很重要。
In dealing with one's future career, one cannot but admit that it is very important to decide one's future career as early as possible.16.世上没有什么比…更令我高兴。
Nothing in the world can delight me so much as … 例︰世上没有什么比到快餐店吃汉堡更令我高兴。
Nothing in the world can delight me so much as having hamburgers in fast-food restaurants.17.… 是必要的 It is necessary that S(should)V … 是重要的 It is important/essential that S(should)V … 是适当的 It is proper that S(should)V … 是紧急的 It is urgent that S(should)V 例︰我们当保持公共场所清洁是应当的。It is proper that we(should)keep the public places clean.18.每当我听到…¸我就忍不住感到兴奋。Whenever I hear …, I cannot but feel excited.每当我做…¸ 我就忍不住感到悲伤。Whenever I do …, I cannot but feel sad.每当我想到…¸我就忍不住感到紧张。Whenever I think of …, I cannot but feel nervous.每当我遭遇…¸我就忍不住感到害怕。Whenever I meet with …, I cannot but feel frightened.每当我看到… 我就忍不住感到惊讶。Whenever I see …, I cannot but feel surprised.例︰每当我想到我家附近那一条清澈的小溪¸我就忍不住感到悲伤。Whenever I think of the clean brook near my home, I cannot but feel sad.= Every time I think of the clean brook near my home, I cannot help feeling sad.19.据说… It is said(that)子句 一般认为… It is thought(that)子句 大家都知道… It is known(that)子句 据报导… It is reported(that)子句 一般预料… It is expected(that)子句 一般估计… It is estimated(that)子句 一般相信… It is believed(that)子句
例︰一般相信阅读增加我们的知识、扩大我们的心胸。
It is believed(that)reading increases our knowledge and broadens our mind.20.…的主要理由是… The main reason why …..is(that)子句
例︰青少年犯罪的主要理由是社会环境日一败坏。
The main reason why the juveniles commit crimes is that social environment is becoming worse.21.俗语说得好：「…」。Well goes an old saying, “…”
= As an old saying goes(runs, says), “…” = An old saying goes, “…” = It's an old saying(that)子句 例︰俗话说得好：「诚实为上策」。
As an old saying goes, “Honesty is the best policy.” 22.(A)…用下列方法… … in the following ways.(B)…有三个主要理由。… for three major reasons.(C)要…¸至少我们可做三件事。To …, there are at least three things we can do.例︰(A)我用下列方法增加信心。
I increase my confidence in the following ways.(B)人们学外语有三个理由。
People learn a foreign language for three major reasons.(C)为了维护健康¸我们每天至少可做三件事。To keep healthy, there are at least three things we can do every day.II.用于文章承转句 23.那就是(说)…；亦即… That is to say, … = That is, … = Namely, …
例︰我们生活需有规律。也就是说¸早睡早起¸戒除烟酒。
We need to live a regular life.That is, we can keep good hours and refrain from smoking and drinking in the daily activities.24.(A)基于这个理由¸… For this reason, …(B)为了这个目的¸… For this purpose, …
例︰基于这个理由¸我已决定把行医作为未来的职业。
For this reason, I have decided to take practicing medicine as my future career.25.我们有理由相信…
We have reasons to believe(that)子句 例︰我们有理由相信体罚应该严格禁止。
We have reasons to believe that corporal punishment should be strictly prohibited.26.事实上¸… As a matter of fact, … = In fact, …
例︰事实上¸健康才是最重要。As a matter of fact, it is health that counts.27.(A)例如¸… For example, …(B)拿…做例子 Take … for example.例︰例如¸我们盲目地提高生活水准¸却降低生活品质。
For example, we elevate the living standards blindly, but lower the quality of life.28.此外¸我们不应忽视…
Besides(In addition), we should not neglect …
例︰此外¸我们不应忽视每个人都想要一个温馨祥和的社会。
In addition, we should not neglect that everyone wants a friendly and peaceful society.29.相反地¸… on the contrary, … = by contrast, …
例︰相反地¸少数学生似乎还在鬼混。
On the contrary, a few students, it seems, are still fooling around.30.另一方面¸… on the other hand, …
例︰政府应严格执法¸另一方面¸大众也应该培养减少污染的好习惯。The government should enforce laws strictly.On the other hand, the public also should develop the good habit of reducing pollution.31.然而¸很可惜的是… However, it is a pity that子句
例︰然而¸很可惜的是他总是临时抱佛脚。
However, it is a pity that he should always cram at the eleventh hour.32.换言之¸… in other words, … = to put it differently 例︰换言之¸我会尽最大的努力达成我的目标。
In other words, I will try my best to attain(gain, live up to)my goal.33.别人可能认为这是事实¸但我不是。我认为…
It may be true as assumed by others, but I don't.I believe that子句 例︰别人可能认为这是事实¸但我不是。我认为…
It may be true as assumed by others, but I don't.I believe that if you have strong determination and perseverance, the success will certainly come to you in the end.34.从此之后¸我已发现…
Ever since then, I have found that子句 例︰从此之后¸我已发现… Ever since then, I have found smile the best way to avoid any possible conflicts in our daily lives.35.这样说来¸假如...¸当然毫无疑问地…。
In this light, if…, there can surely be no doubt(that)子句
例︰这样说来¸假如我们能善用时间¸当然毫无疑问地我们会成功。
In this light, if we can make good use of time, there can surely be no doubt that we will get somewhere.36.更严重的是¸…。
What is more serious is(that)子句 例︰更严重的是¸我们不珍惜野生动物。
What is more serious is that we do not cherish the wildlife.37.鉴于社会的实际需要¸…。
In view of the practical need of society, ….例︰鉴于社会的实际需要¸愈来愈多人对学英语有兴趣。
In view of the practical need of society, there are more and more people interested in learning English.III.用于文章结论句 38.如果能实践这三点¸…。
If one can really put the three points into action(practice), … 例︰如果能实践这三点¸…。If one can really put the three points into action(practice), he will surely be able to live a healthy and happy life.39.做这些简单之事¸我们一定可以…。By doing these simple things, we surely can ….例︰做这些简单之事¸我们一定可以快乐出门平安回家。
By doing these simple things, we surely can go out of the door happily and come back home safe every day.40.如此¸我相信…。In this way, I believe(that)子句
例︰如此¸我相信大家能够像我一样¸享受乘坐公车的乐趣。
In this way, I believe that all the people may be able to enjoy the bus ride like me.41.实践这些¸…。
By putting them(the above)into practice, ….例︰实践这些¸在智育方面我一直能不断进步。
By putting them(the above)into practice, I have been able to make constant progress in intellectual education.42.(A)唯有符合此三项要求¸我们才能…。Only by living up to the three requirements, can we ….(B)唯有通力合作¸我们才能…。Only with combined efforts, can we ….例︰唯有通力合作¸我们才能期望台湾不久有新的面貌。
Only with combined efforts, can we expect Taiwan to take a new face in due course.43.最后¸但并非最不重要¸…。Last but no least, ….例︰最后¸但并非最不重要¸教育上的缺失是助长青少年犯罪的原因。Last but no least, the shortcoming in education is the cause contributing to juvenile delinquency.44.这证据显示～的重要性在怎么强调都不为过。
This evidence shows that the importance of ～ cannot be overemphasized.例︰这证据显示交通安全的重要性在怎么强调都不为过。
This evidence shows that the importance of traffic safety cannot be overemphasized.45.由于这些理由¸我…。For these reasons, I ….例︰由于这些理由¸我认为在台湾接受大学教育是明智的。
For these reasons, I think that receiving college education in Taiwan is wise.46.总而言之¸…。In conclusion, … = To sum up, …
例︰总而言之¸好国民应该遵守交通规则。In conclusion, a good citizen should abide by traffic regulations.47.因此¸我们能下个结论¸那就是…。
We can, therefore, come to the conclusion(that)子句 例︰因此¸我们能下个结论¸那就是世上自由罪珍贵。
We can, therefore, come to the conclusion that nothing is so precious as freedom in the world.48.如果我们能做到如上所述¸毫无疑问地¸…。
If we can do as mentioned above, there can be no doubt(that)子句 例︰如果我们能做到如上所述¸毫无疑问地¸我们就能精通英语。
If we can do as mentioned above, there can be no doubt that we can master English 49.因此¸这就是…的原因。Thus, this is the reason why ….例︰因此¸这就是我重感冒的原因。Thus, this is the reason why I caught a bad cold.50.所以¸我们应该了解…。Therefore, we should realize(that)子句
例︰所以¸我们应该了解学英文不能没有字典。
Therefore, we should realize that in learning English we cannot do without a dictionary.51.因此¸由上列的讨论我们可以明了…。
We, therefore, can make clear from the above discussion(that)子句 例︰因此¸由上列的讨论我们可以明了毅力可以克服任何困难。
We, therefore, can make clear from the above discussion that perseverance can overcome any difficulty.52.1.从～观点来看¸…。From the ～ point of view, ….2.根据～的看法¸…。According to ～ point of view, ….例︰从政治的观点来看¸这是一个很复杂的问题。
From the political point
1.词语选择的重要性
在The Right Word at the Right Time的“序言”中，编者对词语选用的重要性作了一个很好的比喻：“Using the right word at the right time is rather like wearing appropriate clothing for the occasion：it is a courtesy to others，and a favor to yourself-a matter of presenting yourself well in the eyes of the world.“
显然，说话或写文章时用词适当比穿着适当难度大得多，因而也具有更大的重要性。在我国，古人写文章时常为一个词语的选用冥思苦想，因而有“语不惊人死不休”的说法。
成语“一字值千金”也说明了选择词语的极端重要性。有时“一字之差”造成令人遗憾的败笔，或招致成千上万的经济损失。这些反面的教训也告诉我们必须重视词语选用的问题。
2.词语选择的可能性
实际上，我们每个人的脑子里都有了一个或大或小的词库，只要我们肯去发掘，往往可以得到更好的表达方式。这是我们做好词语选用的主观条件。
从客观条件广看，我们有各种类型的词典和参考书，只要我们平时多翻译、多阅读，写作时勤查考，就会在词语选用上不断进步。当然，一部好词典也不会毫无缺点，更难以面面俱到，因此在这里我们应牢牢记住著名英国作家、评论家和辞书编纂家Johson的话：
Dictionaries are like watches: the worst is better than none, and the best cannot be expected to go quite true.3.词语选择的三项标准
关于择语标准，人们说法不一，但准确、鲜明、生动三项原则是公认的。当然，某词语用得是否符合要求，不可孤立地从词语本身的含义上着眼，还要看其具体使用场合，包括同其他词语搭配等。
1)择语的准确性
准确性，就是要根据使用场合选用确切的语言形式，正如有句英语俗语所言：
Do not write so that your words may be undetstood, but write so that your words must be understood.著名美国作家马克·吐温说：“用词准确与用词几乎准确，这两者之间的差异就如闪电与萤火虫之间的差异。”(The difference between the right word and the almost-right word is as great as that between lighting and the lighting bug.)
为了择语准确，必须熟悉词语的多义性。例如depression对心理学家、经济学家或地质学家来说，含义各不相同：
He is in a state of deep depression as a result of his setback latest experiment.The depression first hit almost all the small and medium-sized enterprises.Transportation was at a standstill caused by the depressions in the highways after the earthquake in that area.反之，也常常有几个词语可以表示类似的含义，如心理学上的“depression”也能用melancholia，the blues，the dismal in the dumps，low等词语表示。
要做到准确选择，有必要注意词语的两种意义：“基本意义”(denotation)和”引申意义“(connotation)。前者指该词语的本身，或客观的固有含义，后者指该词语在一定搭配或上下句中出现的其他意义，往往比较含蓄，带有词语使用者的主观态度或感情色彩。如inexpensive和cheap都表示便宜的基本意思，如顾客问营业员：“May I have some thing cheaper?”意思是希望要价钱便宜一点的，当然并不是说质量可以不好，但cheap在其他句式或使用场合可引出“低劣”、“平庸”、“吝啬”、“卑鄙”等多种意思，这类意思正是修辞上的“敏感地带”。
选用词语的准确性还表现在区分表示大体/抽象含义的词语和表示具体/特定含义的词语上，需要根据不同的使用场合做出正确的选择。抽象含义词语和具体含义词语不是两个对立的家族，在一定的条件下可以转化，如
labor一词通常带抽象含义，但并非一成不变。试比较：
A)Honest labor creates wealth for the society.B)In the GM contract dispute, labor seeks a five-cent per hour wage increase.上述A句中labor一词为抽象含义，泛指各种社会劳动，B句中labor为具体含义，特指WAW，即美国汽车、飞机、农业机械工人联合会。
2)择语的鲜明度
准确性是鲜明度的前提，也是提高鲜明度的基础。然而，鲜明与简练相关。英国文豪莎士比亚的名言“Brevity is the soul of wit”相当于汉语的“言贵简洁”。我们说话、写文章都要以“言简意赅”四字为目标，为此，应从两个方面加以注意：
A.在可以运用较简短的常见词语表达意思时不要用复杂而少的词语，如：do something for(不用perform，accomplish)，用end／finish a letter(不用terminate，conclude)。
B.多余的或转弯抹角的词语都不利于明白地表达思想，因而下列短语中加括号的部分都应省去：
mutual aid(to each other)(mutual)aid to each other，(an entirely)complete confidence，repeat the question(again)，return(back)from abroad，etc.3)择语的生动感
生动感也可以叫做优美感(gracefulness)，它是建筑在准确性和鲜明度的基础上的，否则，单纯追求生动或优雅，就会出现辞藻华丽(flowery)而内容空洞的文风，这是应当避免的。
I.用于文章主题句 1.不用说?…
It goes without saying that子句 =(It is)needless to say(that)子句 = It is obvious that子句 = Obviously, S.+ V.例︰不用说早睡早起是值得的。
It goes without saying that it pays to keep early hours.2.…是不可能的;无法… There is no Ving = There is no way of Ving.= There is no possibility of Ving.= It is impossible to V.= It is out of the question to V.= No one can V.= We cannot V.例︰不可否认的?成功的事业关键在于健康的身心。
There is not denying that successful business lies in a healthy body and mind.3.我深信…
I am greatly convinced(that)子句 = I am greatly assured(that)子句 例︰我深信预防是于治疗。
I am greatly convinced that prevention is better than cure.4.在各种…之中?… Among various kinds of …, … = Of all the …, …
例︰在各种运动中?我尤其喜欢慢跑。
Among various kinds of sports, I like jogging in particular.5.…是很容易证明的。It can be easily proved(that)子句 例︰时间最珍贵是很容易证明的。
It can be easily proved that nothing is more precious than time.6.…无论如何强调都不为过 … cannot be overemphasized
例︰交通安全的重要性无论如何强调都不为过。The importance of traffic safety cannot be overemphasized.7.就我的看法?…；我认为… In my opinion, … = To my mind, ….= As far as I am concerned, … = I am of the opinion that子句
例︰就我的看法?打电动玩具既花费时间也有害健康。
In my opinion, playing video games not only takes much time but is also harmful to health.8.(A)每个人都知道… Everyone knows(that)子句(B)就我所知?… As far as my knowledge is concerned, … 例︰就我所知?下列方法对我帮助很大。
As far as my knowledge is concerned, the following ways are of great help to me.9.毫无疑问地?… There is no doubt(that)子句
例︰毫无疑问地?近视在我国的年轻人中是一个严重的问题。
There is no doubt that near-sightedness is a serious problem among the youth of our country.10.根据我个人经验?…
According to my personal experience, … = Based on my personal experience, …
例︰根据我个人经验?微笑已带给我许多好处。
According to my personal experience, smile has done me a lot of good.11.在我认识的人当中?也许没有一个人比…更值得我尊敬。Of all the people I know, perhaps non deserves my respect more than …
例︰在我认识的人当中?也许没有一个人比我的英文老师张老师更值得我尊敬。Of all the people I know, perhaps non deserves my respect more than Miss Chang, my English teacher.12.在我的求学过程中?我忘不了…
In the course of my schooling.I will never forget …
例︰在我的求学过程中?我忘不了学习英文所遭到的大困难。
In the course of my schooling.I will never forget the great difficulty I encountered in learning English.13.(A)随着人口的增加?… With the increase/growth of the population, …(B)随着科技的进步, … With the advance of science and technology, … 例︰随着台湾经济的快速发展?许多社会问题产生了。
With the rapid development of Taiwan's economy, a lot of social problems have come to pass.14.(A)在这信息的年代?…扮演重要的角色。
In the age of information and communication, … plays an important role.(B)在今日工业社会中?…是生命不可或缺的。In today's industrial society, … is indispensable to life.例︰在这信息的年代?计算机扮演非常重要的角色。
In this age of information and communication, the computer plays an extremely important role.15.在讨论…?一个人不得不承认…。
In dealing with …, one cannot but admit(that)子句
例︰在讨论未来的职业?一个人不得不承认尽早决定未来的职业很重要。
In dealing with one's future career, one cannot but admit that it is very important to decide one's future career as early as possible.16.世上没有什么比…更令我高兴。
Nothing in the world can delight me so much as … 例︰世上没有什么比到快餐店吃汉堡更令我高兴。
Nothing in the world can delight me so much as having hamburgers in fast-food restaurants.17.… 是必要的 It is necessary that S(should)V … 是重要的 It is important/essential that S(should)V … 是适当的 It is proper that S(should)V … 是紧急的 It is urgent that S(should)V 例︰我们当保持公共场所清洁是应当的。
It is proper that we(should)keep the public places clean.18.每当我听到…?我就忍不住感到兴奋。Whenever I hear …, I cannot but feel excited.每当我做…? 我就忍不住感到悲伤。Whenever I do …, I cannot but feel sad.每当我想到…?我就忍不住感到紧张。Whenever I think of …, I cannot but feel nervous.每当我遭遇…?我就忍不住感到害怕。Whenever I meet with …, I cannot but feel frightened.每当我看到… 我就忍不住感到惊讶。Whenever I see …, I cannot but feel surprised.例︰每当我想到我家附近那一条清澈的小溪?我就忍不住感到悲伤。Whenever I think of the clean brook near my home, I cannot but feel sad.= Every time I think of the clean brook near my home, I cannot help feeling sad.19.据说… It is said(that)子句 一般认为… It is thought(that)子句 大家都知道… It is known(that)子句 据报导… It is reported(that)子句 一般预料… It is expected(that)子句 一般估计… It is estimated(that)子句 一般相信… It is believed(that)子句
例︰一般相信阅读增加我们的知识、扩大我们的心胸。
It is believed(that)reading increases our knowledge and broadens our mind.20.…的主要理由是…
The main reason why …..is(that)子句
例︰青少年犯罪的主要理由是社会环境日一败坏。
The main reason why the juveniles commit crimes is that social environment is becoming worse.21.俗语说得好：「…」。Well goes an old saying, ”…“
= As an old saying goes(runs, says), ”…“ = An old saying goes, ”…“ = It's an old saying(that)子句 例︰俗话说得好：「诚实为上策」。
As an old saying goes, ”Honesty is the best policy.“ 22.(A)…用下列方法… … in the following ways.(B)…有三个主要理由。… for three major reasons.(C)要…?至少我们可做三件事。To …, there are at least three things we can do.例︰(A)我用下列方法增加信心。
I increase my confidence in the following ways.(B)人们学外语有三个理由。
People learn a foreign language for three major reasons.(C)为了维护健康?我们每天至少可做三件事。
To keep healthy, there are at least three things we can do every day.II.用于文章承转句 23.那就是(说)…；亦即… That is to say, … = That is, … = Namely, …
例︰我们生活需有规律。也就是说?早睡早起?戒除烟酒。
We need to live a regular life.That is, we can keep good hours and refrain from smoking and drinking in the daily activities.24.(A)基于这个理由?… For this reason, …(B)为了这个目的?… For this purpose, …
例︰基于这个理由?我已决定把行医作为未来的职业。
For this reason, I have decided to take practicing medicine as my future career.25.我们有理由相信…
We have reasons to believe(that)子句 例︰我们有理由相信体罚应该严格禁止。
We have reasons to believe that corporal punishment should be strictly prohibited.26.事实上?… As a matter of fact, … = In fact, …
例︰事实上?健康才是最重要。As a matter of fact, it is health that counts.27.(A)例如?… For example, …(B)拿…做例子 Take … for example.例︰例如?我们盲目地提高生活水准?却降低生活品质。
For example, we elevate the living standards blindly, but lower the quality of life.28.此外?我们不应忽视…
Besides(In addition), we should not neglect …
例︰此外?我们不应忽视每个人都想要一个温馨祥和的社会。
In addition, we should not neglect that everyone wants a friendly and peaceful society.29.相反地?… on the contrary, … = by contrast, …
例︰相反地?少数学生似乎还在鬼混。
On the contrary, a few students, it seems, are still fooling around.30.另一方面?… on the other hand, …
例︰政府应严格执法?另一方面?大众也应该培养减少污染的好习惯。
The government should enforce laws strictly.On the other hand, the public also should develop the good habit of reducing pollution.31.然而?很可惜的是… However, it is a pity that子句
例︰然而?很可惜的是他总是临时抱佛脚。
However, it is a pity that he should always cram at the eleventh hour.32.换言之?… in other words, … = to put it differently 例︰换言之?我会尽最大的努力达成我的目标。
In other words, I will try my best to attain(gain, live up to)my goal.33.别人可能认为这是事实?但我不是。我认为…
It may be true as assumed by others, but I don't.I believe that子句 例︰别人可能认为这是事实?但我不是。我认为…
It may be true as assumed by others, but I don't.I believe that if you have strong determination and perseverance, the success will certainly come to you in the end.34.从此之后?我已发现…
Ever since then, I have found that子句 例︰从此之后?我已发现…
Ever since then, I have found smile the best way to avoid any possible conflicts in our daily lives.35.这样说来?假如...?当然毫无疑问地…。
In this light, if…, there can surely be no doubt(that)子句
例︰这样说来?假如我们能善用时间?当然毫无疑问地我们会成功。
In this light, if we can make good use of time, there can surely be no doubt that we will get somewhere.36.更严重的是?…。What is more serious is(that)子句 例︰更严重的是?我们不珍惜野生动物。
What is more serious is that we do not cherish the wildlife.37.鉴于社会的实际需要?…。
In view of the practical need of society, ….例︰鉴于社会的实际需要?愈来愈多人对学英语有兴趣。
In view of the practical need of society, there are more and more people interested in learning English.III.用于文章结论句 38.如果能实践这三点?…。
If one can really put the three points into action(practice), … 例︰如果能实践这三点?…。
If one can really put the three points into action(practice), he will surely be able to live a healthy and happy life.39.做这些简单之事?我们一定可以…。By doing these simple things, we surely can ….例︰做这些简单之事?我们一定可以快乐出门平安回家。
By doing these simple things, we surely can go out of the door happily and come back home safe every day.40.如此?我相信…。In this way, I believe(that)子句
例︰如此?我相信大家能够像我一样?享受乘坐公车的乐趣。
In this way, I believe that all the people may be able to enjoy the bus ride like me.41.实践这些?…。
By putting them(the above)into practice, ….例︰实践这些?在智育方面我一直能不断进步。
By putting them(the above)into practice, I have been able to make constant progress in intellectual education.42.(A)唯有符合此三项要求?我们才能…。Only by living up to the three requirements, can we ….(B)唯有通力合作?我们才能…。Only with combined efforts, can we ….例︰唯有通力合作?我们才能期望台湾不久有新的面貌。
Only with combined efforts, can we expect Taiwan to take a new face in due course.43.最后?但并非最不重要?…。Last but no least, ….例︰最后?但并非最不重要?教育上的缺失是助长青少年犯罪的原因。Last but no least, the shortcoming in education is the cause contributing to juvenile delinquency.44.这证据显示～的重要性在怎么强调都不为过。
This evidence shows that the importance of ～ cannot be overemphasized.例︰这证据显示交通安全的重要性在怎么强调都不为过。
This evidence shows that the importance of traffic safety cannot be overemphasized.45.由于这些理由?我…。For these reasons, I ….例︰由于这些理由?我认为在台湾接受大学教育是明智的。
For these reasons, I think that receiving college education in Taiwan is wise.46.总而言之?…。In conclusion, … = To sum up, …
例︰总而言之?好国民应该遵守交通规则。
In conclusion, a good citizen should abide by traffic regulations.47.因此?我们能下个结论?那就是…。
We can, therefore, come to the conclusion(that)子句 例︰因此?我们能下个结论?那就是世上自由罪珍贵。
We can, therefore, come to the conclusion that nothing is so precious as freedom in the world.48.如果我们能做到如上所述?毫无疑问地?…。
If we can do as mentioned above, there can be no doubt(that)子句 例︰如果我们能做到如上所述?毫无疑问地?我们就能精通英语。
If we can do as mentioned above, there can be no doubt that we can master English 49.因此?这就是…的原因。Thus, this is the reason why ….例︰因此?这就是我重感冒的原因。Thus, this is the reason why I caught a bad cold.50.所以?我们应该了解…。Therefore, we should realize(that)子句
例︰所以?我们应该了解学英文不能没有字典。
Therefore, we should realize that in learning English we cannot do without a dictionary.51.因此?由上列的讨论我们可以明了…。
We, therefore, can make clear from the above discussion(that)子句 例︰因此?由上列的讨论我们可以明了毅力可以克服任何困难。
We, therefore, can make clear from the above discussion that perseverance can overcome any difficulty.52.1.从～观点来看?…。From the ～ point of view, ….2.根据～的看法?…。According to ～ point of view, ….例︰从政治的观点来看?这是一个很复杂的问题。
From the political point
写作素材
01 The Language of Music
A painter hangs his or her finished pictures on a wall, and everyone can see it.A composer writes a work, but no one can hear it until it is performed.Professional singers and players have great responsibilities, for the composer is utterly dependent on them.A student of music needs as long and as arduous a training to become a performer as a medical student needs to become a doctor.Most training is concerned with technique, for musicians have to have the muscular proficiency of an athlete or a ballet dancer.Singers practice breathing every day, as their vocal chords would be inadequate without controlled muscular support.String players practice moving the fingers of the left hand up and down, while drawing the bow to and fro with the right arm-two entirely different movements.Singers and instruments have to be able to get every note perfectly in tune.Pianists are spared this particular anxiety, for the notes are already there, waiting for them, and it is the piano tuner's responsibility to tune the instrument for them.But they have their own difficulties;the hammers that hit the string have to be coaxed not to sound like percussion, and each overlapping tone has to sound clear.This problem of getting clear texture is one that confronts student conductors: they have to learn to know every note of the music and how it should sound, and they have to aim at controlling these sound with fanatical but selfless authority.Technique is of no use unless it is combined with musical knowledge and understanding.Great artists are those who are so thoroughly at home in the language of music that they can enjoy performing works written in any century.02 Schooling and Education
It is commonly believed in United States that school is where people go to get an education.Nevertheless, it has been said that today children interrupt their education to go to school.The distinction between schooling and education implied by this remark is important.Education is much more open-ended and all-inclusive than schooling.Education knows no bounds.It can take place anywhere, whether in the shower or in the job, whether in a kitchen or on a tractor.It includes both the formal learning that takes place in schools and the whole universe of informal learning.The agents of education can range from a revered grandparent to the people debating politics on the radio, from a child to a distinguished scientist.Whereas schooling has a certain predictability, education quite often produces surprises.A chance conversation with a stranger may lead a person to discover how little is known of other religions.People are engaged in education from infancy on.Education, then, is a very broad, inclusive term.It is a lifelong process, a process that starts long before the start of school, and one that should be an integral part of one's entire life.Schooling, on the other hand, is a specific, formalized process, whose general pattern varies little from one setting to the next.Throughout a country, children arrive at school at approximately the same time, take assigned seats, are taught by an adult, use similar textbooks, do homework, take exams, and so on.The slices of reality that are to be learned, whether they are the alphabet or an understanding of the working of government, have usually been limited by the boundaries of the subject being taught.For example, high school students know that there not likely to find out in their classes the truth about political problems in their communities or what the newest filmmakers are experimenting with.There are definite conditions surrounding the formalized process of schooling.03 The Definition of ”Price“
Prices determine how resources are to be used.They are also the means by which products and services that are in limited supply are rationed among buyers.The price system of the United States is a complex network composed of the prices of all the products bought and sold in the economy as well as those of a myriad of services, including labor, professional, transportation, and public-utility services.The interrelationships of all these prices make up the ”system“ of prices.The price of any particular product or service is linked to a broad, complicated system of prices in which everything seems to depend more or less upon everything else.If one were to ask a group of randomly selected individuals to define ”price“, many would reply that price is an amount of money paid by the buyer to the seller of a product or service or, in other words that price is the money values of a product or service as agreed upon in a market transaction.This definition is, of course, valid as far as it goes.For a complete understanding of a price in any particular transaction, much more than the amount of money involved must be known.Both the buyer and the seller should be familiar with not only the money amount, but with the amount and quality of the product or service to be exchanged, the time and place at which the exchange will take place and payment will be made, the form of money to be used, the credit terms and discounts that apply to the transaction, guarantees on the product or service, delivery terms, return privileges, and other factors.In other words, both buyer and seller should be fully aware of all the factors that comprise the total ”package“ being exchanged for the asked-for amount of money in order that they may evaluate a given price.04 Electricity The modern age is an age of electricity.People are so used to electric lights, radio, televisions, and telephones that it is hard to imagine what life would be like without them.When there is a power failure, people grope about in flickering candlelight, cars hesitate in the streets because there are no traffic lights to guide them, and food spoils in silent refrigerators.Yet, people began to understand how electricity works only a little more than two centuries ago.Nature has apparently been experimenting in this field for million of years.Scientists are discovering more and more that the living world may hold many interesting secrets of electricity that could benefit humanity.All living cell send out tiny pulses of electricity.As the heart beats, it sends out pulses of record;they form an electrocardiogram, which a doctor can study to determine how well the heart is working.The brain, too, sends out brain waves of electricity, which can be recorded in an electroencephalogram.The electric currents generated by most living cells are extremely small-often so small that sensitive instruments are needed to record them.But in some animals, certain muscle cells have become so specialized as electrical generators that they do not work as muscle cells at all.When large numbers of these cell are linked together, the effects can be astonishing.The electric eel is an amazing storage battery.It can seed a jolt of as much as eight hundred volts of electricity through the water in which it live.(An electric house current is only one hundred twenty volts.)As many as four-fifths of all the cells in the electric eel's body are specialized for generating electricity, and the strength of the shock it can deliver corresponds roughly to length of its body.05 The Beginning of Drama
There are many theories about the beginning of drama in ancient Greece.The on most widely accepted today is based on the assumption that drama evolved from ritual.The argument for this view goes as follows.In the beginning, human beings viewed the natural forces of the world-even the seasonal changes-as unpredictable, and they sought through various means to control these unknown and feared powers.Those measures which appeared to bring the desired results were then retained and repeated until they hardened into fixed rituals.Eventually stories arose which explained or veiled the mysteries of the rites.As time passed some rituals were abandoned, but the stories, later called myths, persisted and provided material for art and drama.Those who believe that drama evolved out of ritual also argue that those rites contained the seed of theater because music, dance, masks, and costumes were almost always used, Furthermore, a suitable site had to be provided for performances and when the entire community did not participate, a clear division was usually made between the ”acting area“ and the ”auditorium.“ In addition, there were performers, and, since considerable importance was attached to avoiding mistakes in the enactment of rites, religious leaders usually assumed that task.Wearing masks and costumes, they often impersonated other people, animals, or supernatural beings, and mimed the desired effect-success in hunt or battle, the coming rain, the revival of the Sun-as an actor might.Eventually such dramatic representations were separated from religious activities.Another theory traces the theater's origin from the human interest in storytelling.According to this vies tales(about the hunt, war, or other feats)are gradually elaborated, at first through the use of impersonation, action, and dialogue by a narrator and then through the assumption of each of the roles by a different person.A closely related theory traces theater to those dances that are primarily rhythmical and gymnastic or that are imitations of animal movements and sounds.06 Television
Television-----the most pervasive and persuasive of modern technologies, marked by rapid change and growth-is moving into a new era, an era of extraordinary sophistication and versatility, which promises to reshape our lives and our world.It is an electronic revolution of sorts, made possible by the marriage of television and computer technologies.The word ”television“, derived from its Greek(tele: distant)and Latin(visio: sight)roots, can literally be interpreted as sight from a distance.Very simply put, it works in this way: through a sophisticated system of electronics, television provides the capability of converting an image(focused on a special photoconductive plate within a camera)into electronic impulses, which can be sent through a wire or cable.These impulses, when fed into a receiver(television set), can then be electronically reconstituted into that same image.Television is more than just an electronic system, however.It is a means of expression, as well as a vehicle for communication, and as such becomes a powerful tool for reaching other human beings.The field of television can be divided into two categories determined by its means of transmission.First, there is broadcast television, which reaches the masses through broad-based airwave transmission of television signals.Second, there is nonbroadcast television, which provides for the needs of individuals or specific interest groups through controlled transmission techniques.Traditionally, television has been a medium of the masses.We are most familiar with broadcast television because it has been with us for about thirty-seven years in a form similar to what exists today.During those years, it has been controlled, for the most part, by the broadcast networks, ABC, NBC, and CBS, who have been the major purveyors of news, information, and entertainment.These giants of broadcasting have actually shaped not only television but our perception of it as well.We have come to look upon the picture tube as a source of entertainment, placing our role in this dynamic medium as the passive viewer.07 Andrew Carnegie
Andrew Carnegie, known as the King of Steel, built the steel industry in the United States, and , in the process, became one of the wealthiest men in America.His success resulted in part from his ability to sell the product and in part from his policy of expanding during periods of economic decline, when most of his competitors were reducing their investments.Carnegie believed that individuals should progress through hard work, but he also felt strongly that the wealthy should use their fortunes for the benefit of society.He opposed charity, preferring instead to provide educational opportunities that would allow others to help themselves.”He who dies rich, dies disgraced,“ he often said.Among his more noteworthy contributions to society are those that bear his name, including the Carnegie Institute of Pittsburgh, which has a library, a museum of fine arts, and a museum of national history.He also founded a school of technology that is now part of Carnegie-Mellon University.Other philanthrophic gifts are the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace to promote understanding between nations, the Carnegie Institute of Washington to fund scientific research, and Carnegie Hall to provide a center for the arts.Few Americans have been left untouched by Andrew Carnegie's generosity.His contributions of more than five million dollars established 2,500 libraries in small communities throughout the country and formed the nucleus of the public library system that we all enjoy today.08 American Revolution
The American Revolution was not a sudden and violent overturning of the political and social framework, such as later occurred in France and Russia, when both were already independent nations.Significant changes were ushered in, but they were not breathtaking.What happened was accelerated evolution rather than outright revolution.During the conflict itself people went on working and praying, marrying and playing.Most of them were not seriously disturbed by the actual fighting, and many of the more isolated communities scarcely knew that a war was on.America's War of Independence heralded the birth of three modern nations.One was Canada, which received its first large influx of English-speaking population from the thousands of loyalists who fled there from the United States.Another was Australia, which became a penal colony now that America was no longer available for prisoners and debtors.The third newcomer-the United States-based itself squarely on republican principles.Yet even the political overturn was not so revolutionary as one might suppose.In some states, notably Connecticut and Rhode Island, the war largely ratified a colonial self-rule already existing.British officials, everywhere ousted, were replaced by a home-grown governing class, which promptly sought a local substitute for king and Parliament.09 Suburbanization If by ”suburb“ is meant an urban margin that grows more rapidly than its already developed interior, the process of suburbanization began during the emergence of the industrial city in the second quarter of the nineteenth century.Before that period the city was a small highly compact cluster in which people moved about on foot and goods were conveyed by horse and cart.But the early factories built in the 1840's were located along waterways and near railheads at the edges of cities, and housing was needed for the thousands of people drawn by the prospect of employment.In time, the factories were surrounded by proliferating mill towns of apartments and row houses that abutted the older, main cities.As a defense against this encroachment and to enlarge their tax bases, the cities appropriated their industrial neighbors.In 1854, for example, the city of Philadelphia annexed most of Philadelphia County.Similar municipal maneuvers took place in Chicago and in New York.Indeed, most great cities of the United States achieved such status only by incorporating the communities along their borders.With the acceleration of industrial growth came acute urban crowding and accompanying social stress-conditions that began to approach disastrous proportions when, in 1888, the first commercially successful electric traction line was developed.Within a few years the horse-drawn trolleys were retired and electric streetcar networks crisscrossed and connected every major urban area, fostering a wave of suburbanization that transformed the compact industrial city into a dispersed metropolis.This first phase of mass-scale suburbanization was reinforced by the simultaneous emergence of the urban Middle Class, whose desires for homeownership in neighborhoods far from the aging inner city were satisfied by the developers of single-family housing tracts.Types of Speech
Standard usage includes those words and expressions understood, used, and accepted by a majority of the speakers of a language in any situation regardless of the level of formality.As such, these words and expressions are well defined and listed in standard dictionaries.Colloquialisms, on the other hand, are familiar words and idioms that are understood by almost all speakers of a language and used in informal speech or writing, but not considered appropriate for more formal situations.Almost all idiomatic expressions are colloquial language.Slang, however, refers to words and expressions understood by a large number of speakers but not accepted as good, formal usage by the majority.Colloquial expressions and even slang may be found in standard dictionaries but will be so identified.Both colloquial usage and slang are more common in speech than in writing.Colloquial speech often passes into standard speech.Some slang also passes into standard speech, but other slang expressions enjoy momentary popularity followed by obscurity.In some cases, the majority never accepts certain slang phrases but nevertheless retains them in their collective memories.Every generation seems to require its own set of words to describe familiar objects and events.It has been pointed out by a number of linguists that three cultural conditions are necessary for the creation of a large body of slang expressions.First, the introduction and acceptance of new objects and situations in the society;second, a diverse population with a large number of subgroups;third, association among the subgroups and the majority population.Finally, it is worth noting that the terms ”standard“ ”colloquial“ and ”slang“ exist only as abstract labels for scholars who study language.Only a tiny number of the speakers of any language will be aware that they are using colloquial or slang expressions.Most speakers of English will, during appropriate situations, select and use all three types of expressions.连接词汇
1.增补(Addition)
in addition, furthermore, again, also, besides, moreover, what`s more, similarly, next, finally.2.比较(Comparison)
in the same way, likewise, similarly, equally, in comparison, just as 3.对照(Contrast)
whereas, in contrast, on the other hand, instead, however, nevertheless, unlike, even though, on the contrary, while
4.因果(Cause and Effect)
because, because of, for, since, due to, owing to, thanks to, as a result(of), accordingly, hence, so, thus 5.强调(Emphasis)
certainly, above all, indeed, of course, surely, actually, as a matter of fact, chiefly, especially, primarily, in particular, undoubtedly, absolutely, most imprtant
6.让步(Concession)
although, though, after all, in spite of, nevertheless, still, provided, while it is true....7.例证(Exemplification)
for example, for instance, that is, namely, such as, in other words, in this case, by way of illustration.8.总结(Conclusion)
to sum up, to conclude, in a word, in short, in brief, all in all, in all, to put it in a nutshell, in summary
9.推断(Inference)
therefore, as a result(of), consequently, accordingly, so, otherwise 10.时间和空间(Time and Space)
afterward, after, first, later, then, soon, outside, near, beyound, above, below, on the right(left), in the middle, opposite, in front of
常用短句
Money is not everything.There's Mastercard and Visa.钞票不是万能的，毕竟有时还需要信用卡。
One should love animals.They are so tasty.每个人都应该热爱动物，因为它们很好吃。
Save water.Shower with your girlfriend.要节约用水，所以尽量和女友一起洗澡。
Love the neighbor.But don't get caught.要用心去爱你的邻居，不过不要让她的老公知道。
Behind every successful man, there is a woman.And behind every unsuccessful man, there are two or more.每个成功男人的背后，都有一个女人。每个不成功男人的背后,都有两个或更多。
Every man should marry.After all, happiness is not the only thing in life.再快乐的单身汉迟早也会结婚，毕竟幸福不是永久的嘛。
The wise never marry.聪明人都是未婚的。
Success is a relative term.It brings so many relatives.成功是一个相关名词，它会给你带来很多不相关的亲戚。
Never put off the work till tomorrow what you can put off today.不要等明天交不上差再找借口，今天就要找好。
Love is photogenic.It needs darkness to develop.爱情就像照片，需要大量的暗房时间来培养。
Children in backseats cause accidents.Accidents in backseats cause children.后座上的小孩会生出意外，后座上的意外会生出小孩。
”Your future depends on your dreams.“So go to sleep.现在的梦想决定着你的将来，所以，还是再睡一会吧。
There should be a better way to start a day than waking up every morning.应该有更好的方式开始新的一天，而不是千篇一律地在每个上午都醒来。
”Hard work never killed any body."But why take the risk？
努力工作不会导致死亡。但为什么要冒险呢？
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