电气工程专业英语

第一篇：电气工程专业英语

1.It is conventional..B positive 2.Electric..D amperes3.The energy..C voltage

4.The plus..A voltage polarity5.According..B absorbed1.The switching..C the off2.The typical..B 0.7V3.The power..D high r4.The rate..C power 1.The DC-AC..B direct2.The Buck...C current 3.The PWM...B pulse

4.The gain..B the input control voltage 1.High power..C three

2.The output..B sinusoidal3.The constant..B ac voltage 4.Voltage..C inductive

5.Output amplitude..B pulse-width

1.A computer work..A a series of stored 2.A keyboard..B an input

3.The computer network..C a local4.A computer that..B client 5.A hard..C a storage1.Logical..B the ALU 2.The 16..B sixteen bits

3.A microprocessor..A more rapidly 4.Data stored..B permanently5.The basic..C CMOS

1.is used..C a network card2.are pri..C AGP slots3.The network..B LCDs4.Image..B dot

5.Printer..A an ink

1.The first complete..B1882 a dc2.The first three..C 1893

3.Power system..A transmission4.In North..C60hz

can..A the HVDC1The protective..C tripping

2.When the rip..B switched off3.Any protection..A two 4.Theof..D reliability5.The protective..B zero

The concept of electric charge is电荷的概念是用来解释所有电气现象的基本概念。也即，电路中最基本的量是电荷。电荷是构成物质的原子微粒的电气属性，它是以库仑为单位来度量的。We know from elementary physics 我们从基础物理得知一切物质是由被称为原子的基本构造部分组成的，并且每个原子是由电子，质子和中子组成的。我们还知道电子的电量是负的并且在数值上等于1.602100×10-12C，而质子所带的正电量在数值上与电子相等。质子和电子数量相同使得原子呈现电中性。

We consider the flow of electric charges.让我们来考虑一下电荷的流动。电荷或电的特性是其运

动的特性，也就是，它可以从一个地方被移送到

另一个地方，在此它可以被转换成另外一种形式的能量。

A mainframe computer(or simply a “mainframe”)主机（或简写为“mainframe”）是一种大型昂贵的能够同时为成百上千用户处理数据的计算机。主机通常由商行或政府使用用来提供对大量数据的集中存储、处理以及管理。主机使我们在需要可靠性、数据安全性以及集中处理的情况下提供了可选择的计算机。

A computer falls into the supercomputer category如果某种计算机在其制造的时代是世界上最快的计算机之一，那么这种计算机就属于超级计算机类型。由于它们的速度，超级计算机能够处理其它计算机所不能处理的复杂任务。超级计算机的典型的作用包括破解密码、建立世界范围的天气系统模型以及模拟核爆炸。超级计算机上所完成的一个使人留下深刻印象的仿真是对数以千计的尘埃微粒的运动进行追踪，这些尘埃微粒就象被一场龙卷风所抛掷一样。

In the computer industry, the term “server”在计算机工业中，“服务器”这个术语有多种含义。它可以指计算机硬件、特定类型的软件或是指硬软件结合。在任何场合，一个服务器的目的是通过向计算机提供数据而为网络上的（例如互联网或局域网）计算机服务。一台个人计算机、服务站或者向服务器申请数据的软件被称为客户，例如在网络上，一个服务器可能会用一个网页来回应客户的要求。另外的服务器可能会处理来往于所有互联网上的客户的电子邮件的稳定的数据流。一个服务器可能还会允许同一局域网内的客户共享文件或可以使用同一台中央打印机。In order to operate correctlyCMOS存储器为了正常运行，一台计算机必须有一定的存储，记忆体的基本信息，并显示配置。内存一片空白时，计算机电源是关闭的，因此配置信息不能被储存在那里。光盘将不会为这个信息的好地方或者是因为它拥有一个永久性的基础数据。如果，例如，您的计算机中存储在ROM内存大小，您可以不用添加更多的内存好，你也许可以将其加入，但你不能改变thesize在ROM规范。存储一些基本的系统信息，您的电脑需要的内存的永久型以上的RAM，但小于光盘永久的。CMOS是公正的车票。CMOS(complementary metal oxide semiconductor memory)isCMOS（互补金属氧化物半导体存储器）是一种类型的芯片需要很少的电力来保存数据。它可以由一个小型可充电电池，进入主板集成。该电池滴入权力的CMOS芯片，以便它可以保留你的电脑系统配置的重要，甚至当您的计算机是关闭的数据。当您更改您的计算机系统，通过增加内存，例如，在CMOS数据必须更新配置。某些操作系统承认这种变化，并自动执行更新。您可以通过运

行手动更改CMOS设置CMOS设置程序。The increasing need for transmitting large 日益增长的对远距离大容量功率输送的需求导致所使用的电压水平不断提高。为了防止不同大小的电压无限制地增多，工业上使用标准标准化电压等级。在美国，高电压等级（HV）有115KV、138KV、161KV以及230KV，而超高电压等级（EHV）有345KV、500KV和765KV。在中国，高电压等级有10KV、35KV、110KV；超高电压等级有220KV、330KV（仅在中国西北）和500KV。不久的将来，中国西北将建成第一条750KV输电线路。With the development of the AC/DC随着直-交转换设备的不断发展，高压直流输电系统（HVDC）在特殊场合变得更有吸引力，更加经济。HVDC可用来进行远距离大容量的功率输送，并且可以在由于系统稳定限制或系统额定频率不同使交流联网不能实现的情况下提供一个异步联网的手段。

The basic requirement to a power system对电力系统来说最基本的要求是给用户提供连续的，电压频率合适的电能。由于电能不能用简单经济的方式大量存储，所以电能的生产与消耗必须同步进行。电力系统中任何一个环节中的故障都有可能导致用户供电的中断。所以，对电力系统来说给系统提供可靠的电能，保持正常连续运行才是最重要的。

Positive charge 正电荷 Negative charge 负电荷 Electromotive force 电动势 Potential difference 电位差 Voltaic battery 伏打电池

Reference direction 参考方向 Instantaneous power 瞬时功率 Active element 有源元件

Ideal independent source 理想独立源 Constant voltage source 恒定电压源 Independent source 独立源 Controlled source 受控源 Diamond-shaped 受控源 Voltage-controlled voltage source 电压控制电压源

Integrated circuit 集成电路 Buck converter 降压变压器 Boost converter 升压变压器 Duty ratio 功率比 Turn ratio 匝数比

Operating system 操作系统 线性电阻

Linear resistor

第二篇：专业英语13章 电气工程 英语翻译

12.3 Grounding of Electrical Systems

In general, most electrical systems must be grounded.The purpose

Fig.12.4 Secondary high-voltage radial distribution system

of grounding is to limit the magnitude of voltage caused by lighting, momentary surges, and accidental contact with higher voltages.System grounds must be seaweed to provide a path of minimum impedance in order to ensure the operation of over-current devices when a ground fault occurs.Current should not flow through the grounding conductor during normal operation.Direct-current systems generally have the grounding conductor connected to the system at the supply station, and not at the individual service.Alternating-current systems, on the ether hand, must be grounded on die supply side of the main disconnect al each individual service.For specific information an the location and methyl of funding, refer to NEC Article 250.(a)Secondary high-voltage distribution system;high-voltage radical.low-voltage loop

(b)Consumer distribution system with high-voltage and low-voltage loops Fig.12.5

12.4 Grounding of Electrical Equipment

Metal conduit and cases which enclose electrical conductors must be grounded.If the ungrounded(hot)conductor comes in contact with a metal enclosure which is not grounded, a voltage will be present between the enclosure and the ground.This presents a potential hazard.Persona comic in contact with the enclosure and ground will complete a circuit.All non-current-carrying metal parts of electrical installations should be tightly bonded together and connected to a grounding electrode.Good electrical continuity should be ensured through all metal enclosures.The current caused by accidental grounds will be conducted through the enclosures, the grounding conductor, and the grounding electrode to the earth.If the current is false enough, it mill cause the over-current device to open.12.5 Ground Fault Protection

A ground-fault protector(GFP)is a device which senses ground faults and opens the circuit when the currant to ground reaches a predetermined value.A ground-fault circuit interrupter(GFCI)is a device which opens the circuit when very small currents flow to ground.There is no way to determine in advance the impedance of an accidental ground.Most circuits are protected by 15 A(ampere)or larger over-current devices.If the impedance of a ground fault is low enough, such devices will open the circuit.What about currents of less than 15 A? It has been proven that currents as small as 50 mA through the heart, lungs, or brain can be fatal.Electrical equipment exposed to moisture or vibration may develop high-impedance grounds.Arcing between a conductor and the frame of equipment may cause a fire, yet the current may be less than 1 ampere.Leakage current caused by dirt and /or moisture may take place between the conductor and the frame.Portable tools are frequently not properly grounded.and the only path to ground is through the body of the operator.The ground-fault circuit interrupter was developed to provide protection against ground-fault currents of less

than 15 A.the GFCI is designed to operate on two-wire circuits in which one of the two wires is grounded.The

standard circuit voltages are 120 V and 277 V.The time it takes operate depends upon the value of the ground-fault current.Small currents of 20 mA or less may flow for up to 5 s before the circuit is opened.A current of 20 mA will cause the GECI to operate in less than 0.04 s.This time/current element provides a sufficient margin of safety without nuisance tripping.The GFCI operates on the principle that an equal amount of current is flowing though the two wires.When a ground fault occurs, same of the currant flowing through the ungrounded(hot)wire does not flow through the grounded wire;it completes the circuit though the accidental ground.The GFCI senses the difference in the value of current between the two wires and opens the circuit.GFCIs may be incorporated into circuit breakers installed in the line, or incorporated into a receptacle outlet or equipment.Ground-fault protectors are generally designed for use with commercial and/or industrial installations.They provide protection against ground-fault currents from 2 A(special types go as low as 50 mA)up to 2 000 A.GFPs are generally installed on the main, submain, and/or feeder conductors.GFCls are installed in the branch circuits.GFPs are generally used for three-wire, single-phase and for three-phase installations, while GECls are used for two-wire, single-phase circuits.A ground-fault protector installed on supply conductors must enclose all the circuit conductors, including the neutral, if present.When operating under normal conditions, all the current to end from the load flows through the circuit conductors.The algebraic sum of the flux produced by these currents is zero.When a phase-to-ground fault occurs, the fault currents returns through the grounding conductor.Under this condition an alternating flux is produced within the sensing device.When the flux current reaches a predetermined value, the magnetic flux causes a relay to actuate a circuit breaker.Sometimes the GFP is installed on the grounding conductor of the system.Under this condition, the unit senses the amount of phase-to-ground current flowing in the grounding conductor.When the current exceeds the setting of the GFP, it will cause the circuit breaker to open.The ground-fault protector is actually a specially designed current transformer connected to a solid-state relay.12.Three-Phase Systems

The various three-phase systems in normal use will lie described.Under ideal conditions, these systems operate in perfect balance, and if a neutral conductor is present it carries zero current.In actual practice, perfectly balanced systems are seldom encountered.The electrical worker, therefore, must be to calculate values of current and voltage in unbalanced systems.Single-phase loads are frequently supplied from three-phase system.The single-phase load requirements vary considerably, making it virtually impossible to maintain a perfect balance.In a balanced three-phase system, the currents in the three lines are equal.The currents in the three phases are also equal.In other words, ILX=ILY=ILZ and Ip = Ip = Ip.if, however, ILX≠ILF≠ILZ, then IPX≠IPY≠IPZ and the system is unbalanced(see Fig.12.6).To calculate the line currents in an unbalanced three-phase system, the method in the following example may be used.Example 1

Three pure resistance, single-phase loads are connected in a delta configuration across a three-phase supply, as illustrated in Fig.12.6.Load X requires 30 A, load Y requires 50 A, and load Z requires 80 A.Calculate the current through each line wire.Example 1 applies to loads of 100 percent power factor connected in delta.With loads of different power factors, the phase angle will vary from 120°.For a wye connection, the line current is equal to the phase current.Some connections may be a combination of singe-phase and three-phase loads.Under these conditions, the phase angle between three-phase load and the single-phase load must be considered.12.7 Harmonic Effect of Fluorescent Lighting Fixtures

Most distribution systems in tile United States and Canada operate on a frequency of 60 Hz.certain types of electrical equipment produce secondary frequencies are multiples of the supply frequency.These secondary frequencies are called harmonics.For example, the second harmonic of 60 Hz is 120 Hz, the third harmonic is 180 Hz, and so on

The alienating flux developed by transformers, used in the ballasts of fluorescent lighting fixtures, produces a voltage which has a frequency of 180 hertz.This results in an additional current flowing in the supply conductors.The value of the current in the phase conductors is usual about 25 percent of the supply current.This third harmonic current adds to the supply current, causing a greater heating effect in the conductors.This increased heating effect is rather small, possibly in the vicinity of 380% greater than if the third harmonic current did not exist.CAUTION: When installing supply, feeder, and branch circuit conductors for heavy fluorescent loads, the size of the neutral conductor should be at least equal to that of the phase conductors.

第三篇：电气工程及其自动化专业英语

induction machine 感应式电机 horseshoe magnet 马蹄形磁铁 magnetic field 磁场 eddy current 涡流 right-hand rule 右手定则 left-hand rule 左手定则 slip 转差率 induction motor 感应电动机 rotating magnetic field 旋转磁场 winding 绕组 stator 定子 rotor 转子 induced current 感生电流 time-phase 时间相位 exciting voltage 励磁电压 solt 槽 lamination 叠片 laminated core 叠片铁芯 short-circuiting ring 短路环 squirrel cage 鼠笼 rotor core 转子铁芯 cast-aluminum rotor 铸铝转子 bronze 青铜 horsepower 马力 random-wound 散绕 insulation 绝缘 ac motor 交流环电动机 end ring 端环 alloy 合金 coil winding 线圈绕组 form-wound 模绕 performance characteristic 工作特性 frequency 频率

revolutions per minute 转/分 分 motoring 电动机驱动 generating 发电 per-unit value 标么值 breakdown torque 极限转矩 breakaway force 起步阻力 overhauling 检修 wind-driven generator 风动发电机 revolutions per second 转/秒 秒 number of poles 极数 speed-torque curve 转速力矩特性曲线 plugging 反向制动 synchronous speed 同步转速 percentage 百分数 locked-rotor torque 锁定转子转矩 full-load torque 满载转矩 prime mover 原动机 inrush current 涌流 magnetizing reacance 磁化电抗 line-to-neutral 线与中性点间的 staor winding 定子绕组 leakage reactance 漏磁电抗 no-load 空载 full load 满载 多相(的 Polyphase 多相 的)iron-loss 铁损 complex impedance 复数阻抗 rotor resistance 转子电阻 leakage flux 漏磁通 locked-rotor 锁定转子 chopper circuit 斩波电路 separately excited 他励的 compounded 复励 dc motor 直流电动机 de machine 直流电机 speed regulation 速度调节 shunt 并励 series 串励 armature circuit 电枢电路 optical fiber 光纤 interoffice 局间的 wave guide 波导 波导管 bandwidth 带宽 light emitting diode 发光二极管

silica 硅石 二氧化硅 regeneration 再生 后反馈放大 再生, coaxial 共轴的 同轴的 共轴的,同轴的 high-performance 高性能的 carrier 载波 mature 成熟的 Single Side Band(SSB)单边带 coupling capacitor 结合电容 propagate 传导 传播 modulator 调制器 demodulator 解调器 line trap 限波器 shunt 分路器 Amplitude Modulation(AM 调幅 Frequency Shift Keying(FSK)移频键控 tuner 调谐器 attenuate 衰减 incident 入射的 two-way configuration 二线制 generator voltage 发电机电压 dc generator 直流发电机 polyphase rectifier 多相整流器 boost 增压 time constant 时间常数 forward transfer function 正向传递函数 error signal 误差信号 regulator 调节器 stabilizing transformer 稳定变压器 time delay 延时 direct axis transient time constant 直轴瞬变时间常数 transient response 瞬态响应 solid state 固体 buck 补偿 operational calculus 算符演算 gain 增益 pole 极点 feedback signal 反馈信号 dynamic response 动态响应 voltage control system 电压控制系统 mismatch 失配 error detector 误差检测器 excitation system 励磁系统 field current 励磁电流 transistor 晶体管high-gain 高增益 boost-buck 升压去磁 feedback system 反馈系统 reactive power 无功功率 feedback loop 反馈回路 automatic Voltage regulator(AVR)自动电压调整器 自动电压调整器 reference Voltage 基准电压 magnetic amplifier 磁放大器 amplidyne 微场扩流发电机 self-exciting 自励的 limiter 限幅器 manual control 手动控制 block diagram 方框图 linear zone 线性区 potential transformer 电压互感器 stabilization network 稳定网络 stabilizer 稳定器 air-gap flux 气隙磁通 saturation effect 饱和效应 saturation curve 饱和曲线 flux linkage 磁链 per unit value 标么值 shunt field 并励磁场 magnetic circuit 磁路 load-saturation curve 负载饱和曲线 air-gap line 气隙磁化线 polyphase rectifier 多相整流器 circuit components 电路元件 circuit parameters 电路参数 electrical device 电气设备 electric energy 电能 primary cell 原生电池 电能转换器 energy converter 电能转换器 conductor 导体 heating appliance 电热器 direct-current 直流 time invariant 时不变的 self-inductor 自感 mutual-inductor 互感 the dielectric 电介质 storage battery 蓄电池 e.m.f = electromotive force

电动势 generator 发电机 gas insulated substation GIS 气体绝缘变电站 气体绝缘变电站 turbogenerator 汽轮发电机 neutral point 中性点

hydrogenerator 水轮发电机 moving contact 动触头 hydraulic turbine 水轮机 fixed contact 静触头 steam turbine 汽轮机 arc-extinguishing chamber 灭弧室 dynamo 直流发电机 stray capacitance 杂散电容 motor 电动机 stray inductance 杂散电感 stator 定子 sphere gap 球隙 rotor 转子 bushing tap grounding wire 套管末屏接地线 power transformer 电力变压器 electrostatic voltmeter 静电电压表 variable transformer 调压变压器 ammeter 电流表 taped transformer 多级变压器 grounding capacitance 对地电容 step up(down)transformer 升(降)压变压器 voltage divider 分压器 降 压变压器 circuit breaker CB 断路器 surge impedance 波阻抗 dead tank oil circuit breaker 多油断路器 Schering bridge 西林电桥 live tank oil circuit breaker 少油断路器 Rogowski coil 罗可夫斯基线圈 vacuum circuit breaker 真空断路器 oscilloscope 示波器 sulphur hexafluoride breaker SF6 断路器 peak voltmeter 峰值电压表 峰值电压表 potential transformer PT 电压互感器 conductor 导线 current transformer CT 电流互感器 cascade transformer 串级变压器 disconnector 隔离开关 coupling capacitor 耦合电容 earthing switch 接地开关 test object 被试品 synchronous generator 同步发电机 detection impedance 检测阻抗 asynchronous machine 异步电机 substation 变电站 Insulator 绝缘子 hydro power station 水力发电站 lightning arrester 避雷器 thermal power station 火力发电站 metal oxide arrester MOA 氧化锌避雷器 nuclear power station 核电站 bus bar 母线 oil-filled power cable 充油电力电缆 overhead line 架空线 mixed divider(阻容 混合分压器 阻容)混合分压器 阻容 transmission line 传输线 XLPE cable 交链聚乙烯电缆(coaxial)cable(同轴 电缆 relay 继电器 同轴)电缆 同轴 iron core 铁芯 tuned circuit 调谐电路 winding 绕组 suspension insulator 悬式绝缘子 bushing 套管 porcelain insulator 陶瓷绝缘子 波头(尾 电阻 front(tail)resistance 波头 尾)电阻 glass insulator 玻璃绝缘子 inverter station 换流站 flash counter 雷电计数器 steel-reinforced aluminum conductor 充电(阻尼 阻尼)电阻 钢芯铝绞线 charging(damping)resistor 充电 阻尼 电阻 tank 箱体 point plane gap 针板间隙 earth(ground)wire 接地线 exciting winding 激磁绕组 grading ring 均压环 trigger electrode 触发电极 highvoltage engineering 高电压工程 glow discharge 辉光放电 highvoltage testing technology 高电压试验技术 harmonic 谐波 Power electronics 电力电子 Automatic control 自动控制 Principles of electric circuits 电路原理 Digital signal processing 数字信号处理

电气工程专业英语词汇表 2 power system 电力系统 impulse current 冲击电流 power network 电力网络 impulse flashover 冲击闪络 insulation 绝缘 inhomogenous field 不均匀场 overvoltage 过电压 insulation coordination 绝缘配合 aging 老化 internal discharge 内部放电 alternating current 交流电 lightning stroke 雷电波 AC transmission system 交流输电系统 lightning overvoltage 雷电过电压 介质)损耗角 arc discharge 电弧放电 loss angle(介质 损耗角 介质 attachment coefficient 附着系数 magnetic field 磁场 attenuation factor 衰减系数 mean free path平均自由行程 anode(cathode)阳极 阴极 mean molecular velocity平均分子速度 阳极(阴极 阴极)breakdown(电)击穿 negative ions 负离子 电 击穿 bubble breakdown 气泡击穿 non-destructive testing 非破坏性试验 cathode ray oscilloscope 阴极射线示波器 non-uniform field 不均匀场 cavity 空穴 腔 partial discharge 局部放电 空穴,腔 corona 电晕 peak reverse voltage 反向峰值电压 composite insulation 组合绝缘 photoelectric emission 光电发射 critical breakdown voltage 临界击穿电压 photon 光子 Discharge 放电 phase-to-phase voltage 线电压 Dielectric 电介质 绝缘体 polarity effect 极性效应 电介质,绝缘体 dielectric constant 介质常数 power capacitor 电力电容 dielectric loss 介质损耗

quasi-uniform field 稍不均匀场 direct current 直流电 radio interference 无线干扰 divider ratio 分压器分压比 rating of equipment 设备额定值 grounding 接地 routing testing 常规试验 electric field 电场 residual capacitance 残余电容 electrochemical deterioration 电化学腐蚀 shielding 屏蔽 electron avalanche 电子崩 short circuit testing 短路试验 electronegative gas 电负性气体 space charge 空间电荷 epoxy resin 环氧树脂 streamer breakdown 流注击穿 expulsion gap 灭弧间隙 surface breakdown 表面击穿 field strength 场强 sustained discharge 自持放电 field stress 电场力 switching overvoltage 操作过电压 field distortion 场畸变 thermal breakdown 热击穿 field gradient 场梯度 treeing 树枝放电 field emission 场致发射 uniform field 均匀场 flashover 闪络 wave front(tail)波头 尾)波头(尾 gaseous insulation 气体绝缘 withstand voltage 耐受电压 Prime mover 原动机 Power factor 功率因数 Torque 力矩 Distribution automation system 配电网自动化系统 Servomechanism 伺服系统 Automatic meter reading 自动抄表 Boiler 锅炉 Armature 电枢 Internal combustion engine 内燃机 Brush 电刷

Deenergize 断电 Commutator 换向器 Underground cable 地下电缆 Counter emf 反电势 电气工程专业英语词汇表 3 退磁,去磁 Loop system 环网系统 Demagnetization 退磁 去磁 Distribution system 配电系统 Relay panel 继电器屏 Trip circuit 跳闸电路 Tertiary winding 第三绕组 Switchboard 配电盘 开关屏 Eddy current 涡流 配电盘,开关屏 Instrument transducer 测量互感器 Copper loss 铜损 Oil-impregnated paper 油浸纸绝缘 Iron loss 铁损 Bare conductor 裸导线 Leakage flux 漏磁通 Reclosing 重合闸 Autotransformer 自耦变压器 Distribution dispatch center 配电调度中心 Zero sequence current 零序电流 Pulverizer 磨煤机 Series(shunt)compensation 串(并)联补偿 并 联补偿 汽包,炉筒 Drum 汽包 炉筒 Restriking 电弧重燃 Superheater 过热器 Automatic oscillograph 自动录波仪 Peak-load 峰荷 Tidal current 潮流 Prime grid substation 主网变电站 Trip coil 跳闸线圈 Reactive power` 无功功率 Synchronous condenser 同步调相机 Active power 有功功率 Main and transfer busbar 单母线带旁路 Shunt reactor 并联电抗器 Feeder 馈电线 Blackout 断电、停电 Skin effect 集肤效应 断电、Extra-high voltage(EHV)超高压 Potential stress 电位应力 电场强度 电位应力(电场强度 电场强度)Ultra-high voltage(UHV)特高压 Capacitor bank 电容器组 Domestic load 民用电 crusher 碎煤机 Reserve capacity 备用容量 pulverizer 磨煤机 Fossil-fired power plant 火电厂 baghouse 集尘室 Combustion turbine 燃气轮机 Stationary(moving)blade 固定 可动 叶片 固定(可动 可动)叶片 Right-of-way 线路走廊 Shaft 转轴 Rectifier 整流器 Kinetic(potential)energy 动(势)能 Inductive(Capacitive)电 势能 感的(电容的 电容的)感的 电容的 Pumped storage power station 抽水蓄能电站 Reactance(impedance)电抗 阻抗 Synchronous condenser 同步调相机 电抗(阻抗 阻抗)Reactor 电抗器 Light(boiling)-water reactor 轻(沸)水反应堆 沸 水反应堆 电抗的,无功的 Reactive 电抗的 无功的 Stator(rotor)定(转)子 Phase displacement(shift)相移 转子 Armature 电枢 Surge 冲击 过电压 Salient-pole 凸极 冲击,过电压 Retaining ring 护环 Slip ring 滑环 Carbon brush 炭刷 Arc suppression coil 消弧线圈 Short-circuit ratio 短路比 Primary(backup)relaying 主(后备 继电保护 后备)继电保护 后备 Induction 感应 Phase shifter 移相器 Autotransformer 自藕变压器 Power line carrier(PLC)电力线载波 器)电力线载波(器 Bushing 套管 Line trap 线路限波器 Turn(turn ratio)匝(匝比 变比 Uninterruptible power supply 不间断电源 匝比,变比 匝比 变比)Power factor 功率因数 Spot power price 实时电价 分时(电价 电价)Tap 分接头 Time-of-use(tariff)分时 电价

Recovery voltage 恢复电压 XLPE(Cross Linked Polyethylene)交联聚乙烯(电缆 电缆)交联聚乙烯 电缆 Arc reignition 电弧重燃 Rms(root mean square)均方根值 Operation

mechanism 操动机构 RF(radio frequency)射频 电气工程专业英语词汇表 4 Pneumatic(hydraulic)气 动(液 压)Rpm(revolution per minute)转 / 分 Nameplate 铭牌 LAN(local area network)局域网 Independent pole operation 分相操作 LED(light emitting diode)发光二极管 Malfunction 失灵 Single(dual, ring)bus 单(双,环形 母线 环形)母线 双 环形 Shield wire 避雷线 IC(integrated circuit)集成电路 Creep distance 爬电距离 FFT(fast Fourier transform)快速傅立叶变换 Silicon rubber 硅橡胶 Telemeter 遥测 Composite insulator 合成绝缘子 Load shedding 甩负荷 Converter(inverter)换流器 逆变器 Lateral 支线 换流器(逆变器 逆变器)Bus tie breaker 母联断路器 Power-flow current 工频续流 Protective relaying 继电保护 sparkover 放电 Transfer switching 倒闸操作 Silicon carbide 碳化硅 Outgoing(incoming)line 出(进)线 Zinc oxide 氧化锌 进线 相位超前(滞后 滞后)Phase Lead(lag)相位超前 滞后 Withstand test 耐压试验 Static var compensation(SVC)静止无功补偿 Dispatcher 调度员 Flexible AC transmission system(FACTS)灵活交流输电系统 Supervisory control and data acquisition(SCADA)监控与数据采集 EMC(electromagnetic compatibility)电磁兼容 ISO(international standardization organization)国际标准化组织 GIS(gas insulated substation, geographic information system)气体绝缘变电站 地理信息系统 IEC(international Electrotechnical Commission)国际电工(技术 技术)委员会 国际电工 技术 委员会 IEEE(Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers)电气与电子工程师学 会(美)美 IEE(Institution of Electrical Engineers)

电气工程师学会(英 电气工程师学会 英)scale 刻度 量程 calibrate 校准 刻度,量程 rated 额定的 terminal 接线端子 保险丝,熔丝 fuse 保险丝 熔丝 humidity 湿度 resonance 谐振 共振 moisture 潮湿 湿气 谐振,共振 潮湿,湿气 analytical 解析的 operation amplifier 运算放大器 numerical 数字的 amplitude modulation(AM)调幅 frequency-domain 频域 frequency modulation(FM)调频 time-domain 时域 binary 二进制 operation amplifier 运算放大器 octal 八进制 active filter 有源滤波器 decimal 十进制 passive filter 无源滤波器 hexadecimal 十

第四篇：电气工程及其自动化专业英语

电气工程及其自动化专业英语

老师：

学生:

专业：电气工程及其自动化

学院：

学号：

Automatic Control system

自动控制系统

When a specific systemis proposed for a given application,it must

satisfy certain requirements.This may involve the system response or optimization of the system in a specified way.These requirements that a control system must meet are generally called performance specifications.当一个精细的系统被推引入一个给定的应用程序的时候，它必须满足这个特定的要求。这个可能包括系统响应或者系统精细方法的最佳组合。一般把这些一个系统必须处理的要求叫做性能指标。

The performance that of a control system can be considered in three parts.The first part pertains to the specification as they directly relate to system response.The second has to do with a

performance index that is a functionof the erroror output.The last part is concerned with system error caused by parameter variations.一个控制系统的性能可以从三个部分来考虑。第一个部分涉及到的规格直接和系统响应有关。第二个部分和误差与输出功能的性能指标有关。第三个部分与参数变化引起的系统误差相联系。

Control system specifications can directly related to system response as shown in the Fig 8.1.This type of information is germane to second-order systems of higher-order systems which have a pair of characteristic zeroes that are complex and dominate the transient behavior.For example ,a system with characteristic zeroes at-5,-10+j2and-0.5+j2 is a fifth-order system but the dominant zeroes are-0.5+j2.The commonly used terms to describe system specification are peak

overshoot ,rise time ,delay time ,setting time ,bandwidth ,damping ratio and undamped natural frequency.如图8.1所示控制系统的规格可直接的与系统响应有关。这类信息和二阶系统和高阶系统有关，此类系统的特征方程具有一对复数零点，对系统瞬态响应起主要作用。例如，一个有以-5，-10+j2,和-0.5+j2作为特征根的系统是五阶系统，但是这个系统的正解是-0.5+j2.通常用来描述系统规格的方法是尖峰超越量，上升时间，延迟时间，稳定时间，带宽，阻尼比率，无阻尼自然频率。

Peak Overshoot

尖峰超越量

This is measured when the response has maximum value.It is an indication of the largest error between input and output during the transient state.For the system considered we observed that the peak overshoot increased as the damping ratio decreased.The concept of peak overshoot is not limited to only second-order systems.It is often used for higher-order systems that have a

dominant pair of complex poles.These poles are those located nearest the imaginary axis.In most well-designed systems ,peak overshoots are lower than 30%.这个是在响应有最大值的时候测量得到的。这是系统在不稳定部分内输入和输出之间最大的误差的象征。对于这个系统我们观察到尖峰超越量在无阻尼比率下降的时候上升。尖峰超越量的概念不仅限制于二阶系统。它还经常用在有一对显性的复数极点的高阶系统。这些极点就是那些位于离虚周最近的极点。在多数精心设计的系统里，尖峰超越量低于30%。Rise Time

上升时间

The rise time is a measure of the speed of response.It is defined as the time necessary for the response to rise from 10%to 90%of its final steady state error.Sometimes an equivalent measure is to represent the rise time as the reciprocal of the slope of the response at the instant the response is 50%of its final steady state value.For second-order underdamped systems ,the time to reach the peak overshoot is also a good measure of the speed of response.上升时间衡量系统的响应速度。它定义了响应从稳定部分误差的10%上升到90%需要的时间。有时用一个等效值来代替上升时间，及响应达到稳态值的50%时，输出响应上升斜率的倒数。对于二阶欠阻尼系统，到达尖峰超越量的时间也是一个较好的对系统响应速度的衡

量。

Delay Time

延迟时间

The time necessary for the response to reach some value(usually 50%)of its steady state value is called delay time.响应到需要达稳定状态的某些值（通常是50%）的时间叫做延迟时间。

Settling Time

稳定时间

The settling time is defined as the time necessary for the response to increase to and stay within a specified range of its final value.Two of five percent is often stated as the tolerable range.The number of oscillations necessary to reach this condition is also a useful index.稳定时间定义的是响应增加到或保持在系统的终值得指定的单元中所需要的时间。Bandwidth

带宽

The bandwidth is defined as the frequency at which the output magnitude is 0.707as compared to the output magnitude at low(or zero)frequency when the system is subjected to sinusoidal inputs.带宽定义为一个频率，当系统在正弦形式输入作用下，在该频率上输出幅值和低频（或零频）时的输出幅值之比为0.707.Damping Ratio

阻尼比

This is a ratio of the system damping to the critical damping for a second-order system。It measures the damping of a complex pole pair.Higher-order systems may have more than one damping ratio although the damping measured by the most dominant complex pole pair is of most importance.The damping ratio is an important parameter in determining the transient performance and stability of a system.这是一个二阶系统的阻尼与临界阻尼的比。它衡量主导极点的阻尼。高阶系统可以有多个阻尼比，而由主导极点做对应的阻尼是最重要的。阻尼比是一个重要的用来确定系统的瞬态性能和稳定性的参数。

Underdamped Natural Frequency

欠阻尼的固有频率

This is directly related the “springiness”of a system.Like the damping ratio it may be applied to second-order systems or higher-ordersystems possessing dominant poles.这直接和系统的弹性相关。像阻尼比一样，它可能被应用到二阶或高阶系统来确定主导极点。

System specifications are also given in terms of the error constants as well as the system type.The error constants are used to relate the system gain and time constants to the system error of a unity feedback system.They measure directly the minimum ideal steady state error of a system for a step ,ramp and parabola input.系统规格同样可以以误差系数和系统类型来表示。误差系数用来把单位反馈系统的增益及时间常数和系统误差联系在一起。它们用来直接衡量一个系统的阶跃，斜坡，抛物线输入的最小且理想的误差区域。

第五篇：电气工程与自动化专业英语

第一单元

1． electrostati静电的 2． charge 电荷 3． positive 正的 4． negative 负的 5． electron电子 6． proton 质子

7． gravitational引力的 8． precipitator 电滤器 9．power plant 发电厂 10． current电流 11． conductor导体 12．insulator 绝缘体

13．semiconductor半导体 14．valence shell 价电子层 15．Silicon硅 16．germanium 锗 17．selenium硒 18．voltage 电压 19．resistance 电阻 20．circuit电路

21．electromotive force(EMF)电动势

22．repel 排斥

23．multimeter 万用表 24．milliammeter 毫安表 25．ammeter安培表 26．ohmmeter欧姆表 27．voltmeter 电压表 28．polarity 极性 29．parallel 并联 30．series 串联 31．filament灯丝 32．resistor 电阻器 33．hot wire火线 34．neutral wire中线 35．phase 相位

36．electrical power电源 37．cylinder圆柱

38．electromagnetic induction 电磁感应

第二单元

1.analog electronics 模拟电子学 2.feedback反馈 3.linearity线性度

4.integrated-circuit 集成电路 5.amplifier 放大器 6.component 元件 7.couple耦合 8.transistor晶体管 9.silicon硅 10.package 封装 11.gain增益

12.capability性能 13.impedance阻抗 14.bandwidth带宽 15.label为……标号 16.resistor 电阻器

17.zener diode齐纳二极管 18.heat sink散热器 19.terminal 接线端子 20.power supply电源 21.schematic 原理图 22.minus 减号，负号 23.plus加号，正号

24.inverting amplifier 反向放大器 25.noninverting amplifier 同向放大器

26.differential差动的，微分的 27.rejection 抑制, 衰减 28.integrator 积分器 29.differentiator 微分器 30.capacitor 电容器 31.constant常数 32.bias 偏置，偏压

33.passive filter无源滤波器 34.active filter 有源滤波器 35.implement 实现

36.magnitude 大小，幅度 37.cascade级联 38.cut-off 截止的 第三单元

1.digital electronics 数字电子学 2.numerical 数值的 3.filp-flop触发器 4.decimal十进制 5.radix底 6.with respect to相对于 7.power 幂 8.weighted 权 9.binary 二进制

10.manipulate 处理，操纵，控制 11.subscript下标，脚标 12.remainder余数 13.quotient商 14.octal 八进制

15.hexadecimal十六进制 16.circuitry 电路 17.bistable双稳态的 18.relay 继电器 19.capacity 性能 20.buffer 缓冲器

21.simultaneously同时地 22.algebra 代数

23.truth table 真值表 24.variable 变量 25.alphabet字母表 26.complement补码

27.multivibrator多谐振荡器 28.trigger 触发

29.symmetrical对称的 30.leading edge 上升沿

31.trailing(lagging）edge 下降沿 32.counter 计数器 第四单元

1.power电力,功率 2.amplitude 幅度 3.converter 转换器 4.adjustable-speed调速 5.encompass 包含，拥有 6.flexible柔性的 7.magnitude 量值 8.sinusoidal正弦的 9.utility中心电站 10.welding 焊接 11.ventilate使通风 12.pump 泵

13.throttle 节流阀 14.compressor压缩机 15.thermal 热的16.fluorescent 荧光的 17.incandescent白炽的 18.mileage 里程

19.renewable 可恢复的 20.photovoltaic 光电的 21.depict 描述 22.subset 子系统 23.matrix 矩阵

24.dictate 规定，决定 25.isolation 隔离 26.Power supply电源 27.transformer 变压器 28.cycle周期 29.constant 常数 30.modulate 调制 31.filer 滤波器 32.inductor电感器 33.attenuation 衰减 34.plethora过多，过剩

35.maintenance 维护，保养 36.module 模块 37.loss 损耗 38.topology 拓扑 第六单元 1.setpoint v.给定值；整定值

2.fly-by-wire 电传操纵系统3.router protocols 路由器协议

4.autonomous 自主的5.attenuation 衰减6.game theory 博弈论7.control-oriented 面向控制8.fidelity n.保真度 9.be derived from源自于10.crucial至关紧要的11.causal reasoning 因果推理 12.counterintuitive 违反直觉的 13.governor调节器 14.flyball离心球 15.throttle油门

16.resilient有弹性的；有回力的 17.perturbation扰动；干扰

18.on-off control 开关式控制 19.over-react 过度反应 20.extrapolation归纳，推论

21.proportional-integral-derivative(PID)比例-积分-微分

22.stochastic disturbance随机扰动 23.autopilot自动驾驶（仪）24.aeronautics 航空学25.cybernetic控制论

26.heterogenous不同种类的；多相

27.diversity多样性

28.fuzzy control模糊控制29.matrix inversion 矩阵求逆30.lemma n.引理 31.rational fraction 有理分式

32.monograph n.专论 33.harsh粗糙的；苛刻的34.accumulation积累；累加值 35.learning system学习系统；训练系统

36.recursive递归；循环 37.identification辨识；识别 38.self-adjusting自调节 39.criteria标准

40.frequency spectrum 频谱第九单元

1Culmination顶点，极点 2split分离的3philosophy原理，原则 4incorporation合并，结合 5volatile易变的 6commit保证 7emulation竞争 8albeit虽然 9custom定制

10variant不同的，替换的 11piggy-back背负式的 12erasable可擦除的 13socket插座

14thermostat恒温器 15protocol协议

16time-comsuming耗时的 17baud波特 18elapse经过 19evaluation估计 20preset事先调整的 21preloadable预载的 22decrement减少量 23auxiliary辅助的24drawback缺点，障碍

25dysfunction官能不良，官能障碍 26interface接口，界面，连接体 27irksome令人厌烦的，令人恼恨的 28namely即，那就是

29peripheral次要的。外围的，外围设备

30sequencer程序装置，定序器 31specialization特别化，专门化 32troubleshooting故障诊断