动词单三变化及练习题精选

第一篇：动词单三变化及练习题精选

动词第三人称单数词尾变化及读音

动词第三人称单数词尾变化有三种形式。

(1)一般动词在词尾加-s，-s在清辅音后读／s／，在浊辅音或元音后读／z／ds读／dz／，ts读／ts／。如：

help→helps／helps／，know→knows／nuz／，get→gets／gets／，read→reads／ridz／

(2)以字母s，x，ch，sh或有些以o结尾的动词加-es，-es读／iz／。如：

guess→guesses／'siz／，fix→fixes／'fiksiz／，teach→teaches／'titiz／，wash→washes／'wiz／ 注意：go→goes／uz／，do→does／dz／

(3)以辅音字母+y结尾的动词，先变y为i，再加-es，-ies读／iz／。如：

carry→carries／'kriz／，fly→flies／flaiz／

注：在play→plays／pleiz／，say→says／sez／中，字母y前为元音字母，第三人称单数形式直接在动词后面加-s。(4)特殊词例外。如： be→is，have→has 以不发音字母“e”结尾的开音节词，如果尾音是[s]，[z]时，加“s”后字母“e”发音，与所加“s”，一起读做[iz]。如：

close－closes [iz]

一般现在时练习

一.用词的适当形式填空。

1.What time_________ his father_________(do)the work? 2.He _________(get)up at five o’clock.3.__________ you _________(brush)your teeth every morning.4.What ________(do)he usually ________(do)after school? 5.Tom ________(study)English, Chinese, Maths, Science and Art at school.6.Kitty sometimes __________(go)to the park with his sister.7.At eight at night, she __________(watch)TV with her parents.8.________ Mike________(read)English every day? 9.How many lessons________ your classmates______(have)on Monday? 10.We often___________(play)football in the playground.二．选择

()1._____ you have a book? A.Do B.Are C.Is D.Have()2.They _________ on a farm.A.working B.is work C.work D.is worked()3.Does Peter like to watch TV? __________.A.Yes, he like B.No, he doesn’t C.Yes, he’d like D.No, he likes()4.She doesn’t __________ her homework in the afternoon.A.doing B.to do C.does D.do()5.How ____________ Mr.Brown ___________ to America? A.do,go B.is,go C.does,go D.does,goes()6.Where’s my camera? I____________ it.A.am not finding B.am not seeing C.can’t find D.can’t look at()7.How ___________ he go to work? He ___________ to work by bike.A.does;go B.do;goes C.do;go D.does;goes()8.______ you usually late for school? No, _____________.A.Do;I am B.Does;not C.Are;I’m not D.Are;I aren’t()9._____ she _____ home at six every day? A.Is , leave B.Does , leave C.Is , leaves D.Does , left()10.Mr.Yang ____________ English this term.A.teaches our B.teaches us C.teachs us D.teach our

一、单项选择题

1.Jenny ____ in an office.Her parents ____in a hospital.A.work worksB.works work

C.work are working D.is working work 2.One of the boys_____ a black hat.A.have B.there is C.there are D.has 3.We will go shopping if it____ tomorrow.A.don't rain B.didn't rain C.doesn't rain D.isn't rain

4.He said the sun ____in the east and ____in the west.A.rose;set B.rises;sets C.rises;set D.rise;sets 5.Wang Mei ____ music and often ____ to music.A.like;listen B.likes;listens C.like;are listening D.liking;listen 6.Jenny____ English every evening.A.has study B.studies C.study D.studied 7._____Mike from Japan? A.Are B.Do C.Does D.Is 8._____you come from Japan? A.Are B.Do C.Does D.Is 9.What language do you_______? A.say B.talk C.tell D.speak 10.The elephant likes______her friends and _____grass.A.play with;eatB.play with;eats

C.to play with;eat D.to play with;eats

二、所给动词的正确形式填空

1.I can take Li Ming there when he _____(come)to visit.2._____your sister_____(know)English? 3.Her home____(be)away from her school.4.The pot_____(not look)like yours very much.5.Where _____you____(have)lunch every day? 6.Who_____(want)to go swimming? 7.______she_____(do)the housework every day? 8.Jenny and Danny usually______(play)games in the afternoon.9.______you ______(like)English? 10.What______his father_____(do)?

第二篇：动词的“三单”,ing,和过去式变化规则

动词的第三人称单数的单数及发音规则：

1.一般直接在此为加-s，-s在清辅音后读/s/,在浊辅音或元音后读/z/, ds读/dz/, ts读/ts 如 help

helps/s/

know

knows/z/

get

gets/s/

read

reads/z/ 2.以字母s, x, ch, sh或有些以o 结尾的动词加-es，-es 读 /iz/, 如 guess

guesses

fix

fixes

teach

teaches

wash

washes 注意：go

goes/z/

do

does /z/ 3.辅音字母+y结尾的动词，先变y为i，再加-es，-ies读/iz/ carry

carries

fly

flies

注意：在play---plays，say----says中，字母y前为元音字母，第三人称单数形式直接在动词后加-s 4.特俗词例外

5.be动词的第三人称单数分别为am, is, are, have则为has 注意：以不发音字母“e”结尾的开音节词，如果尾音是/s/,/z/,加-s后，字母”e”发音，与所加-s一起读作/iz/,如 close

closes/iz/ 动词的ing变化规则：

1.一般情况直接加ing，如 look—looking

go---going visit---visiting 2.以不发音的e结尾的，去e再加ing，如 come---coming

make---making write---writing 3.以重读闭音节结尾并且只有一个辅音字母的，双写该辅音字母，再加ing，如 run---running

stop---stopping get---getting swim---swimming begin---beginning 4.以辅音字母加y结尾的，直接加ing，如

study---studying

carry---carrying

fly---flying cry---crying 5.以ie结尾的重度开音节动词，先变ie为y，再加ing，如 die---dying

tie---tying

lie---lying 动词的过去式变化规则：

1.规则变化

（1）一般直接在动词后加ed，-ed在清辅音后读/t/, 在浊辅音及元音后读/d,/-ed在/t//d/后读/id/,如

call---called open---opened look---looked

want---wanted /id/ need---needed /id/（2）以不发音的“e”结尾的，直接加-d，如

live---lived move---moved hope---hoped（3）以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，先变y为i，再加-ed，（注意：如果是元音字母加y结尾的，还是直接加-ed，如，play---played，enjoy---enjoyed）如 study---studied cry---cried try---tried

（4）以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节动词，双写最后一个辅音字母，再加-ed，如

plan---planned fit---fitted stop---stopped

2.不规则变化（要特俗记忆），以下是一些常见的动词的过去式 am,is-was

are-were，do-did，see-saw，say-said，give-gave，get-got, go-went

come-came

have/has-had eat-ate，take-took

run-ran

put-put make-made

read-read

write-wrote

draw-drew drink-drank fly-flew

ride-rode speak-spoke sweep-swept

swim-swam

sit-sat

hear-heard sleep-slept

let-let blow-blew

hurt-hurt

speak-spoke

buy-bought keep-kept swim-swam

eat-ate catch-caught know-knew stand-stood

choose-chose lie-lay

leave-left draw-drew teach –taught drink-drank make-made tell-told

think-thought mean-meant

feel-felt

drive-drove meet-met

write –wrote

find-found fly-flew

forget-forgot ring-rang see-saw

ride-rode grow-grew

sing-sang/sung begin-began learn-learned/learnt

可数名词变复数的规则：

1.规则变化：

（1）一般情况下，在词尾加-s，如book---books

boy---boys（2）以-s，-x，-ch，-sh结尾的名词，在词尾加-es，如bus---buses

watch---watches（3）以辅音字母加y结尾的，变y为i，再加-es，如city---cities

family---families（4）以-f或-fe结尾的分两类，一类直接加-s，另一类大多数情况下，将-f或-fe改为v，再加-es，如，roof---roofs belief---beliefs leaf---leaves life---lives knife---knives 2.不规则变化

（1）元音字母发生变化

man---men tooth---teeth goose---geese（2）词尾变化

child---children mouse---mice（3）单复数同形

sheep---sheep deer---deer fish---fish

另附清辅音与浊辅音：

清辅音：

[p]

[t]

[k]

[f]

[s]

[θ]

[∫]

[ts]

[t∫]

[tr]

[h]

浊辅音：[b] [d] [g] [v] [z] [δ] [з] [dz] [dз] [dr] [r]

音节分为开音节和闭音节，3.开音节又分为相对开音节和绝对开音节

（1）相对开音节：“以一个元音字母+一个辅音字母（r除外）+不发音的e”结尾的叫相对开音节。这里元音字母发自己本身的音。如，cake，grade，name，bike（2）绝对开音节：以发音的元音字母结尾的叫绝对开音节。如，he，she，me，no，go 2.闭音节：以“辅音字母+元音字母+辅音字母”结尾的叫闭音节，如，get，put，pen，ten，let

第三篇：be 动词练习题

王牌家教中心

姓名：时间 ：家长签字：

谨记：I am;You are;He is;She is;It is;We are;You are;They are.一、在横线上填上合适的be动词。（am,is,are）

1、Helen____ a student2、This _____my book.5、Your mother_____ swimming.6、Your sister______in the study.7、Those jackets_______my sister’s8、That______her dog.9、The cat_______on the desk.10、The books_______under the table.二.用括号中适当的词填空。

1.I ________(be)from China.2.She _______(be)a student.3.Jane and Tom _________(be)my friends.4.My parents _______(am, is, are)very busy(忙)every day.5.They_______(be)good students.6.These_______(be)my parents, Alan and Mary.7.Here _____(be)two photos of my family.8.He _____(be)nine tomorrow.三.用所be动词的适当形式填空。

1.A: Who _______she?B: She ________my sister.2.A: _______ you Miss Black?B: Yes, I ______.3.It _____(be)a shirt, it _______(not)a skirt.四、用 am, is, are 填空

1.I ______ a boy.______ you a boy?

2、The girl______ Jack's sister.3.The dog _______ tall and fat.4、The man with big eyes _______ a teacher.4.______ your brother in the classroom?

6、Where _____ your mother?

7.How _______ your father?

8、Mike and Liu Tao ______ at school.9.Whose dress ______ this?10.Whose socks ______ they?

11.That ______ my red skirt.12.Who ______ I?

13.The jeans ______ on the desk.14.Here ______ a scarf for you.15.Here ______ some sweaters for you.16.The black gloves ______ for Su Yang.17.This pair of gloves ______ for Yang Ling.18.The two cups of milk _____ for me.19.Some tea ______ in the glass.20.Gao shan's shirt _______ over there.21.My sister's name ______Nancy.22.I _____ a student.23.You ____ a doctor.24.____she from Jinan?

25._____you American?26.He _____ in Class 4, Grade 1.27.It_____ a car.28.They ____ cars.29.____ your mother in China?30._____your friends in New York?

31.What ____her name?32.These _____ buses.33.Those _____oranges.34.Where _____ her mother?

35.How old _____your teacher?36.What class _____ you in?

51.I ______ a boy.______ you a boy? No, I _____ not.53.That ______ my red skirt.55.______ David and Helen from

57.56.There ______ a girl in the room.58._______ there any kites in the classroom?

There ______ some apples on the tree.59._______ there any apple juice in the bottle?1

第四篇：be动词练习题

英语专项练习（Be动词）

be动词用法歌：

我用am,你用are，is连接他，她，它。单数名词用is，复数名词全用are。变疑问，往前提，句末问号莫丢弃。变否定，更容易，be后not莫忘记。疑问否定任你变，句首大写莫迟疑。

一、在下面的短文中填上恰当be动词。

I ______ a girl.My name _______ Mary.I ______ in Class 2, Grade 7.I ______ 12 years old.Here ______ my family photo.Look!These ______ my parents and those _______ my grandparents.This boy ______ my brother.He ________ 15 years old now.That ______ my cat, Mimi.It ______ very lovely.二、在下面的题目中填上恰当的Be动词。（注意Be动词的时态）1.I ________from Australia.2.She _______ a student.3.Jane and Tom _________my friends.4.My parents _______very busy every day.5._______ there a Chinese school in New York? 6.There _____ some glasses on it.7.There ________many monkeys in the mountain.8.There_________ a beautiful garden in our school.9.I _______ at school just now.10.He ________ at the camp last week.11.We ________ students two years ago.12.They ________ on the farm a moment ago.13.Yang Ling ________ eleven years old last year.14.There ________ an apple on the plate yesterday.15.There ________ some milk in the fridge on Sunday.16.The mobile phone _______ on the sofa yesterday evening.17.There _________some water in the glass.18.There __________ some bread on the table.19.Where ________ your friends yesterday? 20.How old __________ you last year? 21.Which dog ________ yours? 22.Ten and two ________ twelve.、三．用am, is, are 填空 1)I _____ a student.2)You ____ a doctor.3)____she from Jinan?

4)_____you American? 5)He _____ in Class 4, Grade 1.6)It_____ a car.7)They ____ cars

.8)____ your mother in China? 9)_____your friends in New York? 10)What ____her name?

11)These _____ buses.12)Those _____oranges.13)Where _____ her mother? 14)How old _____your teacher? 15)What class _____ you in? 四．

1.I ______ a boy.______ you a boy? No, I _____ not.2.The girl______ Jack’s sister.3.The dog _______ tall and fat.4.The man with big eyes _______ a teacher.5.______ your brother in the classroom?

6.Where _____ your mother? She ______ at home.7.How _______ your father? 8.Mike and Liu Tao ______ at school.9.Whose dress ______ this? 10.Whose socks ______ they? 11.That ______ my red skirt.12.Who ______ I?

13.The jeans ______ on the desk.14.Here ______ a scarf for you.15.Here ______ some sweaters for you.16.The black gloves ______ for Su Yang.17.This pair of gloves ______ for Yang Ling....

第五篇：英语动词单三变化规则及名词单数变复数口诀

动词的第三人称单数现在式变化规则：

1）一般由动词原形加-s

get-gets

play-plays

2）以e结尾的动词，加-s

like-likes

make-makes

3)以o结尾的动词加-es

go-goes

do-does

以s, x, ch, sh等字母结尾的动词，后面加-es

kiss-kisses

fix-fixes

teach-teaches

fish-fishes

4)以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，先将y变i, 再加-es

fly-flies

study-studies 5)have –has

一般现在时

主语+动词原型V I have a friend.You have a friend.We have a friend.They have a friend.主语（第三人称单数）+动词V（三单）

She / He / It has a friend.Tom / My mother has a friend.名词单数变复数口诀

(一)规则变化

名词单数变复数，直接加-s 占多数；

s, x, z, ch, sh 来结尾，直接加上-es；

词尾是 f 或 fe，加-s 之前先变 ve；

辅母 + y 在词尾，把 y 变 i 再加-es；

词尾字母若是 o，常用三个已足够，要加-es 请记好，hero, tomato, potato。

(二)不规则变化

男人女人 a 变 e，鹅足牙 oo 变 ee；

老鼠虱婆也好记，ous 变 ic； 孩子加上 ren，鱼鹿绵羊不用变。

This---these(这些)

that--those(那些)

【解说】

1.英语名词有单数和复数的区别，单数表示“一”，复数表示“多于一。”名词由单数变复数，多数是规则的变，直接加-s，例如：book → books, girl → girls。但以-s,-z,-x,-ch,-sh 结尾的名词，变成复数时加-es, 例如：bus → buses, buzz → buzzes, box → boxes, watch → watches, brush → brushes

2.-f(e)结尾的名词单数变复数歌诀：① 树叶半数自已黄，妻子拿刀去割粮，架后窜出一只狼，就像强盗逃命忙。② 妻子持刀去宰狼，小偷吓得发了慌，躲在架后保己命，半片树叶遮目光。例如：leaf(树叶，叶子)，half(一半)，self(自已)，wife(妻子)，knife(刀子)，shelf(架子)，wolf(狼), thief(窃贼，强盗)和 life(生命)，这些名词变成复数时，都要改-f(e)为 v，再加-es。

3.-f 结尾的名词直接加-s 变复数歌诀：海湾边、屋顶上，首领奴仆两相望；谁说他们无信仰，证据写在手帕上。例如：gulf, roof, chief, serf, belief, proof, handkerchief，这些名词变复数直接加-s。

注：scarf(围巾；披风)可以先改 f 为 ve 再加-s，也可直接加-s。

4.辅音字母 + y 结尾的名词，把 y 变 i 加-es。例如：baby → babies, country → countries, family → families；而-y 前是元音时，-y 不变，直接加-s。例如：day → days, boy → boys

5.以-o 结尾的名词变复数时，多数直接加-s。例如：radio → radios, piano → pianos, kangaroo → kangaroos；有的须加-es，中学课本中有几个这样的单词，可以通过一句口诀来记忆：黑人英雄爱吃西红柿和土豆。即：Negro → Negroes, hero → heroes, tomato → tomatoes, potato → potatoes；有的以 o 结尾的名词既可加-s 也可加-es。例如：volcano(火山)→ volcanos / volcanoes 等。

6.名词复数的不规则变化需要特别记忆。例如：man → men, woman → women, goose →geese, foot → feet, tooth → teeth, mouse → mice, louse(虱子)→ lice, child → children, fish → fish, deer(鹿)→ deer, sheep → sheep 等。

7.初中课本中表示“某国人”的名词复数形式变化可通过歌诀记忆：中日不变英法变，其余-s 加后面。例如：Chinese → Chinese, Japanese → Japanese；Englishman → Englishmen, Englishwoman → Englishwomen, Frenchman → Frenchmen, Frenchwoman → Frenchwomen；American → Americans, Rusian → Rusians, Arab → Arabs, German → Germans 等。

8.不可数名词一般只有单数形式，没有复数形式。有些不可数名词可借助单位词表示一定的数量。例如：a cup of tea 一杯茶, two pieces of paper 两张纸, an item of news 一则新闻

不规则动词过去式与过去分词分类记忆表

一、AAA.（原形，过去式和过去分词一致）1.花费 cost cost cost

2.割

cut cut

cut

3.伤害 hurt hurt hurt

4.让

let

let let 5.放

put

put put 6.朗读

read read read 7.设置、安置 set set set 8.打击，碰撞

hit hit hit 9.关上门窗 shut shut shut 10.让

let

let

let

二、ABB（过去式和过去分词一致）

1)过去式、过去分词含有-ought

1.带来

bring

brought

brought 2.买

buy

bought

bought 3.打架

fight

fought

fought 4.想

think

thought

thought 5.寻找、探究

seek sought

sought 2)过去式、过去分词含有-aught

5.抓住

catch

caught

caught 6.教

teach

taught

taught 3)过去式、过去分词-t替换原形-d

7.建筑

build

built

built 8.借出

lend

lent

lent 9.花费

spend

spent

spent 10.派遣

send

sent

sent 4)过去式、过去分词在原形词尾加t或d

11.学会

learn

learnt/ed

learnt/ed 12.意思

mean

meant

meant 13.燃烧

burn

burnt/ed

burnted 13.做梦

dream dreamt/ed

dreamt/ed 13.处理

deal

dealt

dealt 14.听

hear

heard

heard 5）过去式、过去分词改为-ept

15.保持

keep

kept

kept 16.睡觉

sleep

slept

slept 17.扫

sweep

swept

swept 6）过去式、过去分词改为-elt

18.感觉

feel

felt

fel

19.嗅

smell

smelt/ed

smelt/ed 20.拼写

spell

spelt/ed

spelt/ed 7)过去式、过去分词改为-aid 20.孵蛋

lay

laid

laid 21.说

say

said

said 22.支付

pay

paid

paid 8)过去式、过去分词改为-old

23.卖

sell

sold

sold 24.告诉

tell

told

told 9)过去式、过去分词改为-ood 站

stand

stood

stood 26.明白

understand understood

understood 10)其它变化

27.得到

get

got

got(gotten)28.坐

sit

sat

sat 29.照顾

babysit

babysat

babysat 30.离开

leave

left

left 31.失去

lose

lost

lost 32.找到

find

found

found 33.有

have(has)

had

had 34.握住，召开 hold

held

held

35.制造

make

made

made 36.悬挂

hang

hung

hung 37.照耀

shine

shone

shone 39.赢

win

won

won 40逃跑

flee

fled

fled 41喂

feed

fed

fed 42.引导，导致 lead

led

led

43遇见

meet

met

met

三、ABA（过去式与原形一致）

1.变成become

became

become 2.来

come

came

come 3.跑

run

ran

run

四、ABC（原形、过去式、过去分词各不一样）

1).过去分词在过去式或原形后加-n或-en

1.击败

beat

beat

beaten 2.破坏

break

broke

broken 3.驾驶

drive

drove

driven 4.吃

eat

ate

eaten 5.落下

fall

fell

fallen 6.给

give

gave

given 7.生长

grow

grew

grown 8.知道

know

knew

known 9.blow

blew

blown 10.扔

throw

threw

thrown

11.展示 show

showed

shown

12.弄错，错误

mistake mistook

mistaken 13.拿

take

took

taken 14.摇动

shake

shook

shaken 15.说

speak

spoke

spoken 16.选择 choose

chose

chosen

2)三种形式都有变化

1.是

be(is, am, are)

was/were

been 2.开始 begin

began

begun

3.做

do

did

done 4.喝

drink

drank

drunk 5.飞

fly

flew

flown

6.忘记

forget forgot

forgotten(forgot)7.躺

lie

lay

lain 8.骑

ride

rode

ridden 9.打电话 ring

rang

rung 10.唱

sing

sang

sung 11.穿

wear wore

worn 12.游泳

swim

swam

swum 13.写

write

wrote

written 14.去

go

went

gone

Grammar

一、现在完成时的构成

现在完成时的构成：助动词 have(has)+动词的过去分词 过去分词的构成方法如下 :

A:1.一般情况下，直接在动词原形后面加 –ed.worked answered obeyed wanted 2.以不发音的-e 结尾的动词只加 –d.moved hoped divided

3.字尾是辅音+y的动词。则将y改i加ed.studied tidied satisfied 4.以重读闭音节结尾的词，这些词的末尾只有一个辅音字母时，双写这个辅音字母，再加 –ed.stopped regretted dropped B: Learn the verb list on P122.二、现在完成时的用法

1、现在完成时的 “完成用法”

现在完成时的 “完成用法” 指的是动作发生在过去某一时刻并已结束，但该动作对现在产生了影响，与现在情况具有因果关系。例如： He has turned off the light.他已把灯关了。

(动作结束于过去，但说明的是现在的情况--灯现在不亮了。)

现在完成时 “完成用法” 的特点是动作不延续，因此，该时态只能与表示不定的过去时间状语(如： already，yet，before，recently 等)、频度时间状语(如： never，ever，once 等)、包括现在时刻在内的时间状语(如： this morning / month / year...，today 等)连用。

例如： Have you found your pen yet ？你已找到你的钢笔了吗？

2、现在完成时的 “ 未完成用法 ”

现在完成时的 “ 未完成用法 ” 指的是动作开始于过去某一时刻，一直延续到现在，或可能还要继续下去。

例如：1.He has lived here since 1978/he moved here.自从 1978 年以来，他一直住在这儿。(动作起始于 1978 年，一直住到现在，可能还要继续住下去。)

2.I have been in the army for more than 5 years.我在部队已经呆了五年多了。(动作开始于 5 年前，一直延续至今，有可能还要继续下去。)

此种用法的句中常需一个表示一段时间的状语(由 since 或 for 引导)，或表示与现在时刻相连的时间状语(如： up to now，so far 到目前为止)等。例如： I have heard nothing from him up to now.到目前为止我没有他的任何消息。

三、现在完成时与一般过去时的区别

(1)一般过去时的谓语动词用过去式，而现在完成时的谓语基本构成是“ 助动词 have /has + 过去分词 ”。

如： The film started at 7 o'clock.He has been a teacher for many years.(2)一般过去时通常与表示过去的时间状语连用。如： yesterday, last week, two years ago, just now, in 2002 等 ； 而现在完成时则常与 just, already, ever, never 等副词和 these days, this week, since..., for.../since...ago/ up to now/so far 等表示一段时间的状语连用。

(3)一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的事、存在的状态或经常发生的动作。说话的侧重点只在于陈述一件过去的事情，不强调对 “ 现在 ” 产生的影响。

如：He visited Guilin in 1998.他 1998 年参观过桂林。(只说明去桂林的时间)现在完成时表示动作发生在过去，对现在造成了影响或产生了结果。不与确定的过去时间状语连用。如：Jill has bought a new computer.吉尔买了一台新电脑。(着重点是现在有了一台新电脑)

看看以下的几组句子，有什么区别？

(A)Have you seen the film?(B)Did you see the film?

[说明] 你看过这部电影吗？(A)句强调的是被问者对剧情是否了解；(B)句强调的是看这部电影的动作是否发生过，并不强调是否知道其内容。

(A)He has lived in Beijing for 8 years.(B)He lived in Beijing for 8 years.[说明] 他在北京住了 8 年。(A)句讲的是到目前为止他在北京住了 8 年，可能还会继续在北京住下去。(B)句讲的是他在北京住过 8 年，现在不在北京了。