第一篇:英文唐诗
Grass in everywhere in the wild prairie, Each year going through birth and rebirth.Wild fires durn, never destroying it, for the spring wind revives it once again.原诗: 赋得古原草送别
白居易
离离原上草,一岁一枯荣。
野火烧不尽,春风吹又生。
远芳侵古道,晴翠接荒城。
又送王孙去,萋萋满别情。
From the walls of Baidi high in the coloured dawn To Jiangling by night-fall is three hundred miles, Yet monkeys are still calling on both banks behind me
To my boat these ten thousand mountains away
朝辞白帝彩云间,千里江陵一日还。两岸猿声啼不住,轻舟已过万重山。
In front of bed bright moonlight, doubts is above the frost.Raises the head looks moon, lowers the head thinks the hometown.床前明月光,疑是地上霜。举头望明月,低头思故乡.Daytime according to the mountain, Yellow River enters the ocean current.Wants poor great distance item, on one building.白日依山尽,黄河入海流。欲穷千里目,更上一层楼。
Meets the critical moment is don't also difficult, the east wind incapable hundred flowers is remnant.Spring the silkworm to the dead silk side, the candle becomes the ash tear beginning does.相见时难别亦难,东风无力百花残。春蚕到死丝方尽,蜡炬成灰泪始干。
Towards refined language white emperor pink clouds between, great distance Jiangling on first also.The both banks ape sound cries without stopping, 轻舟 has crossed Wan Zhong Shan 朝辞白帝彩云间,千里江陵一日还。两岸猿声啼不住,轻舟已过万重山
ON THE MOUNTAIN HOLIDAY THINKING OF MY BROTHERS IN SHANDONG All alone in a foreign land, I am twice as homesick on this day When brothers carry dogwood up the mountain, Each of them a branch-and my branch missing.鹿柴
王维
空山不见人,但闻人语响。
返景入深林,复照青苔上。
DEER-PARK HERMITAGE
Wang Wei
There seems to be no one on the empty mountain....And yet I think I hear a voice,Where sunlight, entering a grove,Shines back to me from the green moss.竹里馆
王维
独坐幽篁里,弹琴复长啸。
深林人不知,明月来相照。
IN A RETREAT AMONG BAMBOOS
Wang Wei
Leaning alone in the close bamboos,I am playing my lute and humming a song
Too softly for anyone to hear--
Except my comrade, the bright moon.但愿人长久,千里共婵娟.I hope that everyone can enjoy a long time and share the moonlight long meters far away.唐诗英汉对照 001 五言古诗
张九龄 感遇其一
孤鸿海上来,池潢不敢顾; 侧见双翠鸟,巢在三珠树。矫矫珍木巅,得无金丸惧? 美服患人指,高明逼神恶。今我游冥冥,弋者何所慕? Five-character-ancient-verse Zhang Jiuling THOUGHTS I A lonely swan from the sea flies, To alight on puddles it does not deign.Nesting in the poplar of pearls It spies and questions green birds twain: “Don't you fear the threat of slings, Perched on top of branches so high? Nice clothes invite pointing fingers, High climbers god's good will defy.Bird-hunters will crave me in vain, For I roam the limitless sky.”
------------------002 五言古诗 张九龄 感遇其二
兰叶春葳蕤,桂华秋皎洁; 欣欣此生意,自尔为佳节。谁知林栖者? 闻风坐相悦,草木有本心,何求美人折? Five-character-ancient-verse Zhang Jiuling ORCHID AND ORANGE I Tender orchid-leaves in spring And cinnamon-blossoms bright in autumn Are as self-contained as life is, Which conforms them to the seasons.Yet why will you think that a forest-hermit, Allured by sweet winds and contented with beauty, Would no more ask to-be transplanted THan Would any other natural flower?
------------------003 五言古诗 张九龄 感遇其三
幽人归独卧,滞虑洗孤清,持此谢高鸟,因之传远情。日夕怀空意,人谁感至精? 飞沈理自隔,何所慰吾诚? Five-character-ancient-verse Zhang Jiuling THOUGHTS III The hermit in his lone abode Nurses his thoughts cleansed of care, Them he projects to the wild goose For it to his distant Sovereign to bear.Who will be moved by the sincerity Of my vain day-and-night prayer? What comfort is for my loyalty When fliers and sinkers can compare?
------------------004 五言古诗 张九龄 感遇其四 江南有丹橘,经冬犹绿林; 岂伊地气暖? 自有岁寒心。可以荐嘉客,奈何阻重深? 运命惟所遇,循环不可寻。徒言树桃李,此木岂无阴? Five-character-ancient-verse Zhang Jiuling ORCHID AND ORANGE II Here, south of the Yangzi, grows a red orangetree.All winter long its leaves are green, Not because of a warmer soil, But because its' nature is used to the cold.Though it might serve your honourable guests, You leave it here, far below mountain and river.Circumstance governs destiny.Cause and effect are an infinite cycle.You plant your peach-trees and your plums, You forget the shade from this other tree.------------------005 五言古诗 李白
下终南山过斛斯山人宿置酒 暮从碧山下,山月随人归; 却顾所来径,苍苍横翠微。相携及田家,童稚开荆扉; 绿竹入幽径,青萝拂行衣。欢言得所憩,美酒聊共挥; 长歌吟松风,曲尽河星稀。我醉君复乐,陶然共忘机。Five-character-ancient-verse Li Bai DOWN ZHONGNAN MOUNTAIN TO THE KIND PILLOW AND BOWL OF HUSI Down the blue mountain in the evening, Moonlight was my homeward escort.Looking back, I saw my path Lie in levels of deep shadow....I was passing the farm-house of a friend, When his children called from a gate of thorn And led me twining through jade bamboos Where green vines caught and held my clothes.And I was glad of a chance to rest And glad of a chance to drink with my friend....We sang to the tune of the wind in the pines;And we finished our songs as the stars went down, When, I being drunk and my friend more than happy, Between us we forgot the world.------------------006 五言古诗 李白
月下独酌
花间一壶酒,独酌无相亲; 举杯邀明月,对影成三人。月既不解饮,影徒随我身; 暂伴月将影,行乐须及春。我歌月徘徊,我舞影零乱; 醒时同交欢,醉后各分散。永结无情游,相期邈云汉。Five-character-ancient-verse Li Bai DRINKING ALONE WITH THE MOON From a pot of wine among the flowers I drank alone.There was no one with me--Till, raising my cup, I asked the bright moon To bring me my shadow and make us three.Alas, the moon was unable to drink And my shadow tagged me vacantly;But still for a while I had these friends To cheer me through the end of spring....I sang.The moon encouraged me.I danced.My shadow tumbled after.As long as I knew, we were boon companions.And then I was drunk, and we lost one another....Shall goodwill ever be secure? I watch the long road of the River of Stars.------------------007 五言古诗 李白 春思
燕草如碧丝,秦桑低绿枝; 当君怀归日,是妾断肠时。春风不相识,何事入罗帏? Five-character-ancient-verse Li Bai IN SPRING Your grasses up north are as blue as jade, Our mulberries here curve green-threaded branches;And at last you think of returning home, Now when my heart is almost broken....O breeze of the spring, since I dare not know you, Why part the silk curtains by my bed?
------------------008 五言古诗 杜甫 望岳
岱宗夫如何? 齐鲁青未了。造化钟神秀,阴阳割昏晓。荡胸生层云,决眥入归鸟。会当凌绝顶,一览众山小。Five-character-ancient-verse Du Fu A VIEW OF TAISHAN What shall I say of the Great Peak?--The ancient dukedoms are everywhere green, Inspired and stirred by the breath of creation, With the Twin Forces balancing day and night....I bare my breast toward opening clouds, I strain my sight after birds flying home.When shall I reach the top and hold All mountains in a single glance?
------------------009 五言古诗 杜甫
赠卫八处士
人生不相见,动如参与商,今夕复何夕? 共此灯烛光。少壮能几时? 鬓发各已苍。访旧半为鬼,惊呼热中肠。焉知二十载,重上君子堂。昔别君未婚,儿女忽成行; 怡然敬父执,问我来何方。问答乃未已,驱儿罗酒浆。夜雨剪春韭,新炊间黄粱。主称会面难,一举累十觞; 十觞亦不醉,感子故意长。明日隔山岳,世事两茫茫。Five-character-ancient-verse Du Fu TO MY RETIRED FRIEND WEI It is almost as hard for friends to meet As for the morning and evening stars.Tonight then is a rare event, Joining, in the candlelight, Two men who were young not long ago But now are turning grey at the temples....To find that half our friends are dead Shocks us, burns our hearts with grief.We little guessed it would be twenty years Before I could visit you again.When I went away, you were still unmarried;But now these boys and girls in a row Are very kind to their father's old friend.They ask me where I have been on my journey;And then, when we have talked awhile, They bring and show me wines and dishes, Spring chives cut in the night-rain And brown rice cooked freshly a special way....My host proclaims it a festival, He urges me to drink ten cups--But what ten cups could make me as drunk As I always am with your love in my heart?...Tomorrow the mountains will separate us;After tomorrow-who can say?
------------------010 五言古诗 杜甫 佳人
绝代有佳人,幽居在空谷; 自云良家子,零落依草木。关中昔丧乱,兄弟遭杀戮; 官高何足论? 不得收骨肉。世情恶衰歇,万事随转烛。夫婿轻薄儿,新人美如玉。合昏尚知时,鸳鸯不独宿; 但见新人笑,那闻旧人哭? 在山泉水清,出山泉水浊。侍婢卖珠回,牵萝补茅屋。摘花不插发,采柏动盈掬。天寒翠袖薄,日暮倚修竹。Five-character-ancient-verse Du Fu ALONE IN HER BEAUTY Who is lovelier than she? Yet she lives alone in an empty valley.She tells me she came from a good family Which is humbled now into the dust....When trouble arose in the Kuan district, Her brothers and close kin were killed.What use were their high offices, Not even shielding their own lives?--The world has but scorn for adversity;Hope goes out, like the light of a candle.Her husband, with a vagrant heart, Seeks a new face like a new piece of jade;And when morning-glories furl at night And mandarin-ducks lie side by side, All he can see is the smile of the new love, While the old love weeps unheard.The brook was pure in its mountain source, But away from the mountain its waters darken....Waiting for her maid to come from selling pearls For straw to cover the roof again, She picks a few flowers, no longer for her hair, And lets pine-needles fall through her fingers, And, forgetting her thin silk sleeve and the cold, She leans in the sunset by a tall bamboo.
第二篇:唐诗
唐诗简易版
五言绝句:行宫(元稹
登鹳雀楼(王之涣)新嫁娘词(王建)相思(王维)杂诗(王维)鹿柴(王维)竹里馆(王维)山中送别(王维)问刘十九(白居易)哥舒歌(西鄙人)静夜思(李白)怨情(李白)登乐游原
(李商隐)听筝(李端)渡汉江(李频)八阵图(杜甫)宿建德江(孟浩然)春晓(孟浩然)春怨(金昌绪)江雪(柳宗元)秋夜寄邱员外(韦应物)终南望余雪(祖咏)宫词(张祜)寻隐者不遇(贾岛)送崔九(裴迪)送灵澈上人(刘长卿)听弹琴(刘长卿)送上人(刘长卿)玉台体(权德舆)
七言绝句:芙蓉楼送辛渐(王昌龄)闺怨(王昌龄)春宫曲(王昌龄)九月九日忆山东兄弟(王维)凉州词(王翰)后宫词(白居易)宫中词(朱庆馀)近试上张水部(朱庆馀)逢入京使(岑参)黄鹤楼送孟浩然之广陵(李白)早发白帝城(李白)夜上受降城闻笛(李益)贾生(李商隐)隋宫(李商隐)瑶池(李商隐)嫦娥(李商隐)夜雨寄北(李商隐)寄令狐郎中(李商隐)为有(李商隐)江南逢李龟年(杜甫)赠别·其一(杜牧)赠别·其二(杜牧)金谷园(杜牧)寄扬州韩绰判官(杜牧)遣怀(杜牧)秋夕(杜牧)将赴吴兴登乐游原一绝(杜牧)赤壁(杜牧)泊秦淮(杜牧)征人怨(柳中庸)金陵图(韦庄)滁州西涧(韦应物)桃花溪(张旭)寄人(张泌)题金陵渡(张祜)赠内人(张祜)集灵台·其一(张祜)集灵台·其二(张祜)枫桥夜泊(张继)陇西行(陈陶)杂诗(佚名)回乡偶书·其一(贺知章)瑶瑟怨(温庭筠)月夜(刘方平)春怨(刘方平)乌衣巷(刘禹锡)春词(刘禹锡)马嵬坡(郑畋)寒食(韩翃)已凉(韩偓)宫词(顾况)
五言律诗:送杜少府之任蜀州(王勃)送梓州李使君(王维)汉江临眺(王维)终南别业(王维)终南山(王维)酬张少府(王维)过香积寺(王维)辋川闲居赠裴秀才迪(王维)山居秋暝(王维)归嵩山作(王维)次北固山下(王湾)云阳馆与韩绅宿别(司空曙)喜外弟卢纶见宿(司空曙)贼平后送人北归(司空曙)赋得古原草送别(白居易)题大庾岭北驿(宋之问)寄左省杜拾遗(岑参)听蜀僧浚弹琴(李白)夜泊牛渚怀古(李白)赠孟浩然(李白)渡荆门送别(李白)送友人(李白)喜见外弟又言别(李益)凉思(李商隐)北青萝(李商隐)蝉(李商隐)风雨(李商隐)落花(李商隐)登岳阳楼(杜甫)奉济驿重送严公四韵(杜甫)别房太尉墓(杜甫)旅夜书怀(杜甫)至德二载甫自京金光门(杜甫)月夜忆舍弟(杜甫)天末怀李白(杜甫)月夜(杜甫)春望(杜甫)春宿左省(杜甫)旅宿(杜牧)春宫怨(杜荀鹤)和晋陵陆丞早春游望(杜审言)杂诗三首·其三(沈佺期)宿桐庐江寄广陵旧游(孟浩然)留别王维(孟浩然)早寒有怀(孟浩然)岁暮归南山(孟浩然)过故人庄(孟浩然)秦中寄远上人(孟浩然)望洞庭湖赠张丞相(孟浩然)与诸子登岘山(孟浩然)宴梅道士山房(孟浩然)章台夜思(韦庄)淮上喜会梁州故人(韦应物)赋得暮雨送李曹(韦应物)经邹鲁祭孔子而叹之(唐玄宗)灞上秋居(马戴)楚江怀古三首·其一(马戴)除夜有怀(崔涂)孤雁(崔涂)题破山寺后禅院(常建)望月怀远(张九龄)书边事(张乔)没蕃故人(张籍)秋日赴阙题潼关驿楼(许浑)早秋(许浑)送人东游(温庭筠)寻陆鸿渐不遇(皎然)寻南溪常道士(刘长卿)新年作(刘长卿)秋日登吴公台上寺远眺(刘长卿)送李中丞归汉阳别业(刘长卿)饯别王十一南游(刘长卿)蜀先主庙(刘禹锡)阙题(刘昚虚)送李端(卢纶)送僧归日本(钱起)谷口书斋寄杨补阙(钱起)在狱咏蝉(骆宾王)江乡故人偶集客舍(戴叔伦)酬程延秋夜即事见赠(韩翃)七言律诗:遣悲怀三首·其一(元稹)遣悲怀三首·其二(元稹)遣悲怀三首·其三(元稹)赠郭给事(王维)和贾至舍人早朝大明宫之作(王维)奉和圣制从蓬莱向兴庆阁道(王维)积雨辋川庄作(王维)自河南经乱,关内阻饥(白居易)奉和中书舍人贾至早朝大明宫登金陵凤凰台(李白)无题·重帏深下莫愁堂(李商隐)无题·凤尾香罗薄几重(李商隐)无题·相见时难别亦难(李商隐)无题·来是空言去绝踪(李商隐)无题·飒飒东风细雨来(李商隐)无题·昨夜星辰昨夜风(李商隐)春雨(李商隐)筹笔驿(李商隐)锦瑟(李商隐)隋宫(李商隐)送魏万之京(李颀)咏怀古迹·其一(杜甫)咏怀古迹·其二(杜甫)咏怀古迹·其三(杜甫)咏怀古迹·其四(杜甫)咏怀古迹·其五(杜甫)宿府(杜甫)阁夜(杜甫)闻官军收河南河北(杜甫)登高(杜甫)登楼(杜甫)蜀相(杜甫)客至(杜甫)野望(杜甫)登柳州城楼寄漳汀封连四州春思(皇甫冉)寄李儋元锡(韦应物)望蓟门(祖咏)贫女(秦韬玉)送李少府贬峡中王少府贬(高适)九日登望仙台呈刘明府(崔曙)登黄鹤楼(崔颢)行经华阴(崔颢)利州南渡(温庭筠)苏武庙(温庭筠)江州重别薛六柳八二员外(刘长卿)长沙过贾谊宅(刘长卿)自夏口至鹦鹉洲夕望岳阳(刘长卿)西塞山怀古(刘禹锡)晚次鄂州(卢纶)赠阙下裴舍人(钱起)宫词(薛逢)同题仙游观(韩翃)
五言古诗:贼退示官吏(元结)同从弟销南斋玩月忆山阴崔少府渭川田家(王维)西施咏(王维)送别(王维)送綦毋潜落第还乡(王维)青溪(王维)与高适薛据同登慈恩寺浮图(岑参)下终南山过斛斯山人宿置酒(李白)月下独酌四首·其一(李白)春思(李白)梦李白·其一(杜甫)梦李白·其二(杜甫)望岳(杜甫)赠卫八处士(杜甫)佳人(杜甫)秋登兰山寄张五(孟浩然)夏日南亭怀辛大(孟浩然)宿业师山房待丁大不至(孟浩然)寻西山隐者不遇(丘为)晨诣超师院读禅经(柳宗元)溪居(柳宗元)送杨氏女(韦应物)长安遇冯著(韦应物)夕次盱眙县(韦应物)东郊(韦应物)郡斋雨中与诸文士燕集(韦应物)初发扬子寄元大校书(韦应物)寄全椒山中道士(韦应物)宿王昌龄隐居(常建)感遇·孤鸿海上来(张九龄)感遇·兰叶春葳蕤(张九龄)感遇·幽人归独卧(张九龄)感遇·江南有丹橘(张九龄)春泛若耶溪(綦毋潜)
七言古诗:石鱼湖上醉歌(元结)长恨歌(白居易)琵琶行(白居易)走马川行奉送封大夫出师西征(岑参)轮台歌奉送封大夫出师(岑参)白雪歌送武判官归京(岑参)宣州谢脁楼饯别校书叔云(李白)庐山谣寄卢侍御虚舟(李白)梦游天姥吟留别(李白)金陵酒肆留别(李白)韩碑(李商隐)听董大弹胡笳声兼寄语弄房给事(李颀)听安万善吹觱篥歌(李颀)古意(李颀)送陈章甫(李颀)琴歌(李颀)古柏行(杜甫)观公孙大娘弟子舞剑器行(杜甫)韦讽录事宅观曹将军画马图(杜甫)丹青引赠曹霸将军(杜甫)寄韩谏议(杜甫)夜归鹿门山歌(孟浩然)渔翁(柳宗元)登幽州台歌(陈子昂)石鼓歌(韩愈)山石(韩愈)八月十五夜赠张功曹(韩愈)谒衡岳庙遂宿岳寺题门楼(韩愈)乐府:凉州词(王之涣)出塞·秦时明月汉时关(王昌龄)塞上曲·蝉鸣空桑林(王昌龄)塞下曲·饮马渡秋水(王昌龄)长信怨(王昌龄)渭城曲(王维)秋夜曲(王维)洛阳女儿行(王维)老将行(王维)桃源行(王维)清平调·云想衣裳花想容(李白)清平调·一枝红艳露凝香(李白)清平调·名花倾国两相欢(李白)行路难·金樽清酒斗十千(李白)行路难·大道如青天(李白)行路难·有耳莫洗颍川水(李白)将进酒(李白)玉阶怨(李白)长相思·其一(李白)长相思·其二(李白)长干行·君家何处住(李白)蜀道难(李白)子夜吴歌·春歌(李白)子夜吴歌·夏歌(李白)子夜吴歌·秋歌(李白)子夜吴歌·冬歌(李白)关山月(李白)江南曲(李益)古从军行(李颀)哀王孙(杜甫)兵车行(杜甫)丽人行(杜甫)哀江头(杜甫)金缕衣(佚名)独不见(沈佺期)烈女操(孟郊)游子吟(孟郊)燕歌行(高适)长干行·君家何处住(崔颢)长干行·家临九江水(崔颢)塞下曲·鹫翎金仆姑(卢纶)塞下曲·林暗草惊风(卢纶)塞下曲·月黑雁飞高(卢纶)塞下曲·野幕敞琼筵(卢纶)
第三篇:唐诗
唐
诗
引
言
中国两千多年诗歌史,唐代长达二百八十多年,留下的诗篇统计如下(载《东方杂志》第四十卷第八号)
体载
时期数量
五言古诗
初唐663
盛唐1795 中唐2447 晚唐561 七言古诗
初唐58
盛唐521
中唐1006 晚唐193 五言律诗
初唐823
盛唐1651 中唐3233 晚唐3864 七言律诗
初唐72
盛唐300
中唐1848 晚唐3864 五言绝句
初唐172
盛唐279
中唐1015 晚唐674 七言绝句
初唐77
盛唐472
中唐2930 晚唐3591 浩浩乎五万首唐诗,泱泱乎诗河中潮头。
概
述
唐诗以情韵胜,宋诗以意理胜。
大唐气象与诗美超胜其他任何一个时代。
例比:迟日江山丽,春风花草香。泥融飞燕子,沙暖睡鸳鸯。
莫言下岭便无难,赚得行人空喜欢。正如万山圈子里,一山放出一山拦。一.生活美——诗意般的生活
1.感受自然的诗意
张若虚、王维、孟浩然
2.感受离别的诗意
王勃、王维、高适、王昌龄„„ 3.感受边塞的诗意
岑参、王昌龄、王维„„ 4.感受爱情的诗意
白居易、李商隐„„ 5.感受战乱中的诗意
王翰《凉州词》
二.精神美——丰富博大的精神家园 1.建功抱负:“宁为百夫长,胜作一书生”(杨炯)
2.崇高理想:长风破浪会有时,直挂云帆济沧海(李白)
落日心犹壮,秋风病欲苏。古来存老马,不必取长途。
3.广阔胸襟:黄河落天走东海,万里泻入胸怀间。
4.豪情伟魄:欲穷千里目,一览众山小,前不见古人„„俱怀逸心壮思飞„„ 5.李白式傲岸:安能摧眉折腰事权贵,使我不得开心颜。
6.杜甫式忧人:安得大厦千万间,大庇天下寒土俱欢颜,风雨不动安如山。呜呼,何日眼前突兀见此屋,吾庐独独死亦足!
7.王、孟式隐逸:明月松间照,清泉石上流;开轩面场圃,把酒话桑麻。
8.高岑式向往边疆:君不见少场征战苦,至今犹忆李将军;古来青史谁不见,今见功名胜古人。
9.孟郊式恋母情结:慈母手中线,„„ 10.贺氏告老还乡:少小离家老大回,„„
11.科场获胜狂态:春风得意马蹄疾,„„ 12.女子的羞羞答答:千呼万唤始出来,„„
13.苦恋的忠贞:春蚕到死„„,衣带渐宽终不悔„„
14.宗教的情结:心将流水同清净,身与浮云无是非。15.坦率与执着:仰天大笑出门去,我辈岂是蓬蒿人。16.失意的倔强:天生我材必有用„„
17.慷慨壮伟:黄沙百战穿金甲,不破楼兰终不还。(王昌龄)
孰知不向边庭苦,纵死犹闻侠骨香。(王维)18.革新的呐喊:沉舟侧畔千帆过„„
唐诗昌盛之因
1.唐代是一个健康、富有活力的时代。富有理想、志在功业,胸怀开阔、热情豪迈是时代的风貌。
2.唐代是一个开放的社会,各民族多元文化的融合,儒释道之教兼容百包,百花齐放,精神生活自由活跃而广阔。
3.经济的繁荣,国力的强盛,形成了豪气与刚健特质:刚强、雄健、尚勇、侠义。
分类撷要
一.初唐蕴蓄:
代表诗人四杰与陈子昂。王、杨强于卢、骆。高倡风骨,书写性情,与宫廷诗的绮靡告别。
①开朗热情、富有进取,有功名追求,但缺少宏大社会理想和人生抱负,难名胜“浮躁浅露”。
②青春少年式的情调与内质稚弱正相表里,即主体精神不足。
③较多承袭六朝藻绘习气。
陈子昂,有风骨意识而缺性情充实,感染力不强。二.盛唐气象
(一)总特点:
笔力雄壮:造句朴实而有力度,雄词健笔,无委靡、纤弱之气。
气象浑厚:精神豪壮(个人追求与国家意识、社会责任密切结合),美得深厚自然,无雕琢痕迹。
盛唐诗人潇洒浪漫,写边塞,写山水,写友情,歌咏有诗意的题材。其一,景物本身的特质所赋予的特定文化内涵。如 松、菊、梅、竹、兰等,多用来表达高洁情操;
沙漠、古道、落日,寒风、冷雨等,多用于传递孤独惆愁; 杨柳、舟船、长亭等,多用作挥写离别之苦; 高山、奔流、上天、入海等,多用于歌咏豪情壮志; 清风、明月、泉溪、花草等,多藉此抒发闲情逸致;
其二,景物本身的色、形、动态等暗示着作者的思想情感,要善于识别,并借助想象与联想,充分挖掘。
如杜牧的《山行》,诗中“停车坐爱”的细节,“红”的色彩,均折射出诗人爱秋颂秋的思想感情。动词(尤其是活用的)是传情的诗眼,尤其要就此突破,揣摩诗人的思想情感。如王维《过香积寺》“泉声咽危石,月色冷青松”,“咽”、“冷”二字化静为动,绘声绘色地显示出幽静的景象与孤寂的感受。
其三,直抒胸臆的点破明显着爱憎态度,如叙事诗(古体诗尤然),要善于用足用活。
例一:1.海日生残夜,江春入旧年。
2.风兼残雪起,河带断冰流。
3.鸡声茅店月,人迹板桥霜。
例二:1.数声风笛离亭晚,君向潇湘我向秦。
2.日暮酒醒人已远,满天风雨下西楼。
3.劝君更尽一杯酒,西出阳关无故人。
例三:1。琵琶起舞换新声,总是关山旧别情。
缭乱边愁听不尽,高高秋月照长城。
2.回乐烽前沙似雪,受降城外月如霜。
不知何处吹笙管,一夜征人尽望乡。
(二)两类:
1.感动激发,希望趁时而起,建功立业。
① 时来整六翮,一举凌苍穹。(岑参《北庭贻宗学士道别》)② 大鹏一日同风起,抟摇直上九万里。(李白《上李邕》)③ 济人然后拂衣去,肯作徒尔一男儿。(王维《不遇咏》)④ 会当凌绝顶,一览众山小。(杜甫)⑤ 男儿立身须自强,十年闭户颍水阳。(李颀)⑥ 穷达自有时,夫子莫下泪。(高适)
2.理想与现实矛盾,抒发哀怨,依然意气有力。
天生我材必有用
(三)三大诗人
1.个性李白——集天才气质与奔放飞扬人格于一身
① 对大自然满腔热情:
燕山雪花大如席,片片吹落轩辕台。(北风行)山随平野尽,江入大荒流。(渡荆门送别)青山横北郭,白水绕东城。(送友人)三山半落青天外,一水中分白鹭洲。(登金陵风凰台)飞流直下三千尺,疑是银河落九天。(望庐山瀑布)雁引愁心去,山衔好月来。(与夏十二登岳阳楼)两水夹明镜,双桥落彩虹。(秋登宣城谢眺楼)两岸青山相对出,孤帆一片日边来。(望天门山)② 对理想执着
天生我材必有用,千金散尽还复来(将进酒)长风破浪会有时,直挂云帆济沧海(行路难)俱怀逸心壮思飞,欲上九天揽月明()
③ 对自由追寻
安能摧眉折腰事权贵,叫我不得开心颜。(梦游„„)④ 对友情追寻
桃花潭水深千尺,不及汪沦送我情。挥手自兹去,萧萧班马鸣。(送友人)
孤帆远影碧空尽,唯见长江天际流(送孟浩然)2.悲情杜甫——逆境中永不衰竭的忧国忧民
①每饭不忘君(自京赴奉先具咏怀五百字)②落日心犹壮,秋风病欲苏。(江汉)古来存老马,不必取长途。
③ 安得广厦千万间,大庇天下寒土俱欢颜,风雨不动安如山。鸣呼,何日眼前突兀见此屋,吾庐独破受冻死亦足。(茅屋„„)
④ 星垂平野阔,月诵大江流。飘飘何所似,天地一沙鸥。(旅夜书怀)3.淡远乐天——平易近人馨香久远
①讽谕诗
夸赴军中宴,走马去如云。是岁江南旱,衢州人食人。(轻肥)
一丛深色花,十户中人赋。(买花)可怜身上衣正单,心忧炭贱愿天寒。(买炭翁)②感伤诗
在天愿作比翼鸟,在地愿为连理枝。(长恨歌)同是天涯沦落人,„„(琵琶行)
③闲适诗
人间四月芳菲尽,山寺桃花始盛开。(大林寺桃花)一道残阳铺水中,半江瑟瑟半江红。(暮江吟)乱花渐欲迷人眼,浅草才能没马蹄。(钱塘湖春行)日出江花红胜火,春来江水绿如蓝。(忆江南)天平山上白云泉,云自无心水自闲。何必奔冲山下去,更添波浪向人间。(白云泉)
三.中唐变奏
盛世尚同而衰世尚异,如人老中年,思考多了,风华少了。贴近生活,贴近世俗,缺乏盛唐高雅气派。
① 以意取胜,元气不及盛唐自然充沛。
② 题材上适度避开盛唐写熟的诗题,多写日常生活,社会事物,除韩、白外,多贴近世俗,缺高雅大气。
③ 中唐两大派:韩孟奇险,元白平易。
(一)韩孟奇险
蚍蜉撼大树,可笑不自量。(调张籍)云横秦岭家何在,雪拥蓝关马不前。(左迁至蓝关„„)天街小雨润如酥,草色遥看近却无。(早春呈张水部„„)
(二)元白平易
不是花中偏爱菊,此花开尽更无花。(元稹、菊花)曾经沧海难为水,除却巫山不是云。(离思五首)
(三)革新刘禹锡
沉舟侧畔千帆过,病树前头万木春。(酬乐天„„)晴空一鹤排云上,便引诗情到碧霄。(秋词二首)请君莫奏前朝曲,听唱新翻《杨柳枝》(杨柳枝)旧时王射堂前燕,飞入寻常百姓家。(鸟衣巷)
四.晚唐绮艳:(以小李、杜、温庭筠为主)
1.对心灵世界的开拓,刻意表现“伤春伤别”是晚唐典型的心理,心象融铸物象。
2.艳体诗的开拓:
①爱情,②宫怨,闺怨。
④ 脂粉气息的写景、咏物,注入情爱的内涵。
③ 雍陶《题君山》“疑是水仙梳洗处,一螺青黛镜中心。”
④ 美人香草式的托寓,继承《离骚》借美人香草寄托政治遭遇的传统。⑤ 风格:悲怆(笼罩浓重的悲剧色彩如忧伤气氛),绮丽、委婉(内心世界自然品味)
(一)小杜风格俊爽
停车坐爱枫林晚,霜虽红于二月花。(山行)南朝四百八十寺,多少楼台烟雨中。(江南春)
(二)小李伤春伤别
春心莫共花争发,一寸相思一寸灰。(无题)相见时难别亦难,东风无力百花残。(无题)夕阳无限好,只是近黄昏。(乐游厚)桐花万里丹山路,雏风清于老凤声。(附特色诗人诗作:
一.王孟韦柳山水田园诗
1.孟浩然:写故乡襄阳,隐逸味较浓;写吴越旅游所见,带有孤寂的客愁,总特点:平淡中见淳美,韵致高远。
2.王维:一类:雄壮阔远《终南山》为代表:一类短小精练,自然浑成与孟同,但静中有动,富有生机和意趣、画意;也有带禅意,表现安宁、静谧,清静和谐的艺术境界。
浩然清而旷,常建清而僻,王维清而秀,柳子厚清而峭。
二.边塞诗
1.初唐边塞诗,继承北朝民歌与建安风骨,健拔雄浑,表现献身精神,感人至深。杨炯“宁为百夫长,胜作一书生”(《从军行》);卢照邻“须应驻白日,为待战方酣”(《战城南》),以陈子昴为代表,两次随军北征。
2.盛唐边塞诗,以岑参、高适、王昌龄等为代表,盛唐诗人几乎都写过边塞诗,主题多表现保家卫国,建功立业,思亲别情,丰富多彩。
3.中唐边塞诗,以李益、卢纶为代表,感伤情调较浓,浪漫豪情让位于现实精神。4.战士之歌,高适前期最有价值的作品可视为战士的自白。
⑴壮气凌云,豪迈乐观,直抒为国捐躯的荣誉感,表现盛唐时代民族精神的蓬勃高涨。
“孰知不向边庭苦,纵死犹闻侠骨香。”(王维《少年行》其二)
“黄金百战穿金甲,石破楼兰终不还。”(王昌龄《从军行七首》其四)
⑵怀念、思考、推求、批判精神。
“秦时明月汉时关,万里长征人未还。
但使龙城飞将在,不教胡马度阴山。”(王昌龄《出塞二首》其二)
对征戍的意义进行推求,对将帅不得其人的深为不满。
第四篇:唐诗
九月九日忆山东兄弟 王维
独在异乡为异客,每逢佳节倍思亲。遥知兄弟登高处,遍插茱萸少一人。
独自流落他乡,长做异地之客,每逢佳节良辰,越发思念眷亲。遥想今日重阳,兄弟又在登高,他们佩带茱萸,发觉少我一人。
诗写游子思乡怀亲。诗人一开头便紧急切题,写异乡异土生活的孤独凄然,因而时时怀乡思人,遇到佳节良辰,思念倍加。接着诗一跃而写远在家乡的兄弟,按照重阳的风俗而登高时,也在怀念自己。诗意反复跳跃,含蓄深沉,既朴素自然,又曲折有致。“每逢佳节倍思亲”千百年来,成为游子思念的名言,打动多少游子离人之心。
芙蓉楼送辛渐 王昌龄
寒雨连江夜入吴,平明送客楚山孤。洛阳亲友如相问,一片冰心在玉壶。
迷蒙的烟雨,连夜洒遍吴地江天;清晨送走你,孤对楚山离愁无限!朋友呵,洛阳亲友若是问起我来;就说我依然冰心玉壶,坚守信念!
这是一首送别诗。诗的构思新颖,淡写朋友的离情别绪,重写自己的高风亮节。首两句苍茫的江雨和孤峙的楚山,烘托送别时的孤寂之情;后两句自比冰壶,表达自己开郎胸怀和坚强性格。全诗即景生情,寓情于景,含蓄蕴藉,韵味无穷。
回乡偶书 贺知章
少小离家老大回,乡音无改鬓毛催。儿童相见不相识,笑问客从何处来。
少年时离乡,到老了才回家来;口音没改变,双鬓却已经斑白。儿童们看见了,没有认识我的;他们笑问:这客人是从哪里来?
这是一首久客异乡,返回故里的感怀诗。全诗抒发了山河依旧,人事不同,人生易老,世事沧桑的感慨。
一、二句,诗人置于熟悉而又陌生的故乡环境中,心情难于平静。首句写数十年久客他乡的事实,次句写自己的“老大”之态,暗寓乡情无限。
三、四句虽写自己,却从儿童方面的感觉着笔,极富生活情趣。诗的感情自然、逼真,内容虽平淡,人情味却浓足。语言朴实无华,毫不雕琢,细品诗境,别有一番天地。全诗在有问无答中作结,哀婉备至,动人心弦,千百年来为人传诵,老少皆知。
桃花溪 张旭
隐隐飞桥隔野烟,石矾fán西畔问渔船。桃花尽日随流水,洞在清溪何处边。
隐隐看见一座长桥,被野烟隔断;在石屿的西畔,借问打渔的小船。桃花随着流水,终日地漂流不尽;桃花源洞口,在清溪的哪段哪边。
这是借陶潜《桃花源记》的意境而写的写景诗。诗由远外落笔,写山谷深幽,迷离恍惚,隔烟朦胧,其境若仙。然后镜头移近,写桃花流水,渔舟轻泛,问讯渔人,寻找桃源。诗的构思婉曲,意境若画,有景有情,趣味深远。蘅塘退士批注:“四句抵得一篇《桃花源记》。”这话不无道理。
第五篇:唐诗
寻隐者不遇 贾岛
松下问童子,言师采药去。只在此山中,云深不知处。夜宿山寺 李白
危楼高百尺,手可摘星辰。不敢高声语,恐惊天上人。咏柳 贺知章
碧玉妆成一树高,万条垂下绿丝绦。不知细叶谁裁出,二月春风似剪刀 小儿垂钓 胡令能
蓬头稚子学垂纶,侧坐莓苔草映身。路人借问遥招手,怕得鱼惊不应人。望庐山瀑布 李白
日照香炉生紫烟,遥看瀑布挂前川。飞流直下三千尺,疑是银河落九天。绝句 杜甫
两个黄鹂鸣翠柳,一行白鹭上青天。窗含西岭千秋雪,门泊东吴万里船。别董大 高适
千里黄云白日曛,北风吹雁雪纷纷。莫愁前路无知己,天下谁人不识君。送杜少府之任蜀州 王勃
城阙辅三秦,风烟望五津。与君离别意,同是宦游人。海内存知己,天涯若比邻。无为在歧路,儿女共沾巾!登乐游原 李商隐 向晚意不适,驱车登古原。夕阳无限好,只是近黄昏。踏歌词 刘禹锡
春江月出大堤平,堤上女郎连袂行。唱尽新词欢不见,红霞映树鹧鸪鸣。田园乐 王维
桃红复含宿雨,柳绿更带朝烟。花落家童未扫,莺啼山客犹眠。