选修六 unit4 reading 逐句翻译

第一篇：选修六 unit4 reading 逐句翻译

Unit 4

THE EARTH IS BECOMIG WARMER-BUT DOES IT MATTER?

全球在变暖——这会带来什么影响吗？

During the 20th century the temperature of the earth rose about one degree Fahrenheit.在20世纪期间，地球温度大约升了华氏1度。That probably does not seem much to you or me, but it is a rapid increase when compared to other natural changes.这个数值对你我来说很可能是无所谓的，但是，跟多数自然变化相比较而言，这却是种快速的增长。So how has this come about and does it matter? 这种温度的增长是怎么产生的呢，它要紧吗？ Earth care’s Sophie Armstrong explores these questions.“关爱地球”组织的索菲·阿姆斯特朗就在探究这些问题。

There is no doubt that the earth is becoming warmer(see Graph 1)and that it is human activity that has caused this global warming rather than a random but natural phenomenon.毫无疑问，地球是在变暖。但是全球变暖的原因是人为的呢，或者仅仅是一种自然现象呢？

All scientists subscribe to the view that the increase in the earth’s temperature is due to the burning of fossil fuels like coal, natural gas and oil to produce energy.所有的科学家认为，人们为了生产能量而燃烧化石燃料（如煤、天然气和石油等），从而引起了地球温度的升高。Some byproducts of this process are called “greenhouse” gases, the most important one of which is carbon dioxide.这个升温过程的副产品就叫做“温室”气体，其中最重要的就是二氧化碳。Dr Janice Foster explains: “There is a natural phenomenon that scientists call the “greenhouse effect”..贾尼丝·福斯特博士解释说：“你知道，有一种科学称之为‘温室效应’的自然现象。This is when small amounts of gases in the atmosphere, like carbon dioxide, methane and water vapour, trap heat from the sun and therefore warm the earth.这种现象发生在大气层中少量的气体（如二氧化碳、甲烷、水蒸气等）吸收太阳的热量，因而，使地球变暖。

Without the‘greenhouse effect，the earth would be about thirty-three degrees Celsciu cooler than it is.如果没有这种‘温室效应’，地球的温度将比现在的温度还要低33摄氏度左右。So, we need those gases.因此，我们需要这些气体。The problem begins when we add huge quantities of extra carbon dioxide into the atmosphere.而当我们因为燃烧化石燃料而使大气层中增加了大量额外的二氧化碳时，问题就来了。It means that more heat energy tends to be trapped in the atmosphere causing the global temperature to go up.二氧化碳含量的增加意味着更多的热量被困在大气层中，从而引起了全球温度上升。

We know that the levels of carbon dioxide have increased greatly over the last 100 to 150 years.我们知道，在过去100~150年期间，二氧化碳的含量急剧增加了。It was a scientist called Charles Keeling, who made accurate measurements of the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere from 1957 to 1997.有一位名叫查尔斯·奎林的科学家曾经把1957~1997年期间大气层中二氧化碳的含量做了精确的统计。He found that between these years the carbon dioxide in the atmosphere went up from around 315 parts to around 370 parts per million(see Graph 2)他发现，在这些年里，大气层中的二氧化碳含量从百万分之三百一十五上升到百万分之三百七十。

All scientists accept this data.所有科学家都接受这个数据。They also agree that it is the burning of more and more fossil fuels that has resulted in this increase in carbon dioxide.他们还认为，正是由于燃烧的化石燃料越来越多而导致了二氧化碳的增加。So how high will the temperature increase go? 那么温度会到达多高呢？ Dr Janice Foster says that over the next 100 years the amount of warming could be as low as 1 to 1.5 degrees Celsius, but it could be as high as 5 degrees.贾尼丝·福斯特博士说，在今后的100年里，全球变暖的量可能低到1~1.5摄氏度，但是也有可能高达5摄氏度。

However, the attitude of scientists towards this rise in completely different.然而，科学家们在对待这个问题的态度上却是大不相同的。

On the one hand, Dr Foster thinks that the trend which increases the temperature by 5 degrees would be a catastrophe？一方面,福斯特博士认为气温升高5度的趋势 可能是一场大灾难。

She says, “ We can’t predict the climate well enough to know what to expect, but it could be very serious.” 她说“对于未来的气候,我们不可能作出精确的预测,但是那时的天气可能是很糟糕的.”Others who agree with her think there may be a rise of several metres in the sea level, or predict severe storms, floods, droughts, famines, the spread of diseases and the disappearance of species.同意她的观点的其他科学家认为,全球变暖会导致海平面上升好几米:也有人预言会出现严重的风暴、洪涝、干旱、饥荒、疫病和物种的绝灭.On the other hand, there are those, like George Hambley, who are opposed to this view, believe that we should not worry about high levels of carbon dioxide in the air.在另一方面,还有一些人,像科学家乔治·汉布利,反对上面的观点,他们认为我们不必担心空气中会有高含量的二氧化碳.They predict that any warming will be mild with few bad environmental consequences.他们预言说,变暖的情况不会很严重, 对环境的影响也不会太坏.In fact, Hambley states, “More carbon dioxide is actually a positive thing.汉布利实际上是这样说的: “二氧化碳含量的增加实际上是件好事。It will make plants grow quicker;crops will produce more;it will encourage a greater range of animals-all of which will make life for human beings better.”它使植物成长更快,庄稼产量更高,还会促进动物的生长 一一所有这些都能改善人类的生活.”

Greenhouse gases continue to build up in the atmosphere.温室气体继续在大气层中聚集.Even if we start reducing the amount of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases, the climate is going to keep on warming for decades or centuries.即使我们开始减少二氧化碳和其他温室气体的含量,在(未来)几十年或几个世纪内,气候仍会持续转暖.No one knows the effects of global warming.Does that mean we should do nothing? 没有人知道全球变暖会带来什么样的影响.这是不是意味着我们就不必采取任何措施昵?Or, are the risks too great? 还是说,这样不采取任何措施危险性会很大呢?

第二篇：高中英语选修7课文逐句翻译(人教版)（范文）

1.选修七Unit1 MARTY’S STORY马蒂的故事

Hi, my name is Marty Fielding and I guess you could say that I am “one in a million”.你好。我叫马蒂·菲尔丁。我想你可能会说我是―百万人中才有一个‖的那种人。In other words, there are not many people like me.换句话说，世界上像我这样的人并不多见。You see, I have a muscle disease which makes me very weak, so I can't run or climb stairs as quickly as other people.你瞧，我的肌肉有毛病，使我的身体非常虚弱，所以我不能像别人那样快跑快步爬楼梯。In addition, sometimes I am very clumsy and drop things or bump into furniture.再说，有时候我还会笨手笨脚、不小心摔掉东西，或磕碰到家具上。Unfortunately, the doctors don't know how to make me better, but I am very outgoing and have learned to adapt to my disability.不幸的是，大夫们不知道如何治好我的病，但是我很开朗乐观，学会了适应身体的残疾。My motto is: live one day at a time.我的座右铭是：活好每一天。

Until I was ten years old I was the same as everyone else.十岁以前，我跟其他人是一样的。I used to climb trees, swim and play football.我常常爬树、游泳、踢足球。In fact, I used to dream about playing professional football and possibly representing my country in the World Cup.说实在的，我过去常常梦想我会成为职业球员，代表我们的国家参加世界杯足球赛。Then I started to get weaker and weaker, until I could only enjoy football from a bench at the stadium.后来，我的身体开始变得越来越虚弱，以至于只能坐在体育场的长凳上欣赏足球了。In the end I went into hospital for medical tests.I stayed there for nearly three months.最后我到医院去做了检查，几乎住了三个月的医院。I think I had at least a billion tests, including one in which they cut out a piece of muscle from my leg and looked at it under a microscope.我想我至少做过十亿次检查，这还包括一次他们从我的大腿上切下一片肌肉放在显微镜下观察, Even after all that, no one could give my disease a name and it is difficult to know what the future holds.也没人能够确诊这个病，因此很难知道将来会是个什么样子。

One problem is that I don't look any different from other people.问题是我看上去跟平常人一样。So sometimes some children in my primary school would laugh, when I got out of breath after running a short way or had to stop and rest halfway up the stairs.因此，当我跑了很短的一段路之后，我就会喘不过气来，或者爬楼才爬到一半就得停下来休息。因此，上小学时有的孩子见了我这种情况就会笑话我。Sometimes, too, I was too weak to go to school so my education suffered.有时候我的身体太虚弱上不了学，因此落了许多功课。Every time I returned after an absence, I felt stupid because I was behind the others.每次缺课之后，我就觉得自己很笨，因为我比别人落后了。

My life is a lot easier at high school because my fellow students have accepted me.我在中学时期的生活（比在小学时）要轻松多了，因为我的同学开始接受了我的状况。The few who cannot see the real person inside my body do not make me annoyed, and I just ignore them.还有些同学看不到我的内心世界，但是我并不生气，只是不去理会他们罢了。All in all I have a good life.总而言之，我生活得挺好。I am happy to have found many things I can do, like writing and computer programming.我很高兴我能做许多事情，比如写作和电脑编程。My ambition is to work for a firm that develops computer software when I grow up.我有雄心壮志，长大后我要在开发电脑软件的公司里工作。Last year I invented a computer football game and a big company has decided to buy it from me.去年我发明了一个电脑足球游戏，有一家大公司已经决定从我这儿买走。I have a very busy life with no time to sit around feeling sorry for myself.我的生活很充实，没有时间闲坐着顾影自怜。As well as going to the movies and football matches with my friends, I spend a lot of time with my pets.除了同我的朋友一起去看电影和足球比赛，我还花很多时间和我的宠物在一起。I have two rabbits, a parrot, a tank full of fish and a tortoise.我有两只兔子、一只鹦鹉、一缸金鱼和一只乌龟。To look after my pets properly takes a lot of time but I find it worthwhile.我得花大量时间来照顾这些宠物，但我觉得很值。I also have to do a lot of work, especially if I have been away for a while.此外，我还有好多功课，特别是在病了一段时间之后。

In many ways my disability has helped me grow stronger psychologically and become more independent.在许多方面，我身体的残疾倒使我心理上变得更加坚强、更加独立。I have to work hard to live a normal life but it has been worth it.我必须努力工作才能过上正常的生活，但这是值得的。If I had a chance to say one thing to healthy children, it would be this: having a disability does not mean your life is not satisfying.假如我有机会跟健康孩子讲一句话，那么，这句话就是：身体残疾并不意味着生活不美满。So don't feel sorry for the disabled or make fun of them, and don't ignore them either.因此，不要感到残疾人可怜，或者取笑他们，也别不理睬他们。Just accept them for who they are, and give them encouragement to live as rich and full a life as you do.要接受他们，给他们以鼓励让他们能像你一样过得丰富多彩、充实美满。

Thank you for reading my story.谢谢你们读我的故事。Marty马蒂 2.选修七Unit 1 A LETTER TO AN ARCHITECT致建筑师的一封信 Ms L Sanders桑德斯女士

Alice Major爱丽斯·梅杰 Chief architect总建筑师

Cambridge Street剑桥街 64 号 Cinema Designs影院设计公司

Bankstown班克斯敦 44 Hill Street希尔街 44 号 Bankstown班克斯敦 September, 200__200___ 年 9 月 24 日 Dear Ms Sanders, 亲爱的桑德斯女士：

I read in the newspaper today that you are to be the architect for the new Bankstown cinema.今天我从报上了解到，您将成为班克斯敦新影院的建筑设计师。I hope you will not mind me writing to ask if you have thought about the needs of disabled customers.In particular I wonder if you have considered the following things: 我希望您不介意我写信询问您是否已考虑到残疾顾客的需要尤其是以下几点不知您是否考虑到了：

Adequate access for wheelchairs.为乘坐轮椅的人进入电影院提供充分的便利。It would be handy to have lifts to all parts of the cinema.影院内德各个部分都安装电梯就会很方便。The buttons in the lifts should be easy for a person in a wheelchair to reach, and the doors be wide enough to enter.电梯的按钮应当让乘坐轮椅的人容易够到，电梯门应足够宽。In some cinemas, the lifts are at the back of the cinema in cold, unattractive places.在有些电影院里，（残疾人专用）电梯设在影院背后阴冷而不显眼的地方。As disabled people have to use the lifts, this makes them feel they are not as important as other customers.由于残疾人必须要使用这些电梯，这就使残疾人感到比别的观众低一等。

Earphones for people who have trouble hearing.给听力有障碍的人提供耳机。It would help to fit sets of earphones to all seats, not just to some of them.所有座位的旁边都装有耳机，而不是少数几个座位，那会有帮助。This would allow hearing-impaired customers to enjoy the company of their hearing friends rather than having to sit in a special area.这样可以使那些听力有缺陷的观众和那些听力正常的朋友做在一起欣赏，而不是让前者坐在一个特定的区域。Raised seating.抬高座位。People who are short cannot always see the screen.身材矮小的人常常看不到屏幕。So I'd like to suggest that the seats at the back be placed higher than those at the front so that everyone can see the screen easily.所以我想建议影院后排的座位应该比前排的高，这样每个人都能很容易地看到银幕。Perhaps there could be a space at the end of each row for people in wheelchairs to sit next to their friends.也许可以让每一横排的排头都留出空位，以便坐轮椅的人坐在他们的朋友旁边。

Toilets.厕所。For disabled customers it would be more convenient to place the toilets near the entrance to the cinema.在影院入口处的附近安排厕所会让残疾人感觉更加方便。It can be difficult if the only disabled toilet is in the basement a long way from where the film is showing.只在里放映大厅很远的地下室为残疾人安排一个厕所，这种做法会给他们带来麻烦。And if the doors could be opened outwards, disabled customers would be very happy.如果厕所的门能设计成向外开，残疾人会很高兴。

Car parking.停车场。Of course, there are usually spaces specially reserved for disabled and elderly drivers.当然还得专门为残疾司机和老年司机安排停车场。If they are close to the cinema entrance and/or exit, it is easier for disabled people to get to film in comfort.当如果这些停车场离影院出入口都很近，残疾人就会很轻松地到达影院。

Thank you for reading my letter.I hope my suggestions will meet with your approval.感谢您阅读我的信，希望您能赞成我的建议。Disabled people should have the same opportunities as able-bodied people to enjoy the cinema and to do so with dignity.残疾人应当和健全人有同样的机会来欣赏电影，同时能保持自己的尊严。I am sure many people will praise your cinema if you design it with good access for disabled people.如果您设计的电影院能够为残疾人提供方便，那么，我相信许多人都会夸奖您的电影院，It will also make the cinema owners happy if more people go as they will make higher profits!而且电影院的老板也会高兴，因为有更多的人能够去看电影了，他们就能赚更多的钱了。

Yours sincerely,此致敬礼 Alice Major 爱丽斯·梅杰

3.选修七Unit2 SATISFACTION GURANTEED包君满意

Larry Belmont worked for a company that made robots.拉里·贝尔蒙特在一家生产机器人的公司里工作。Recently it had begun experimenting with a household robot.最近，该公司要对一个家用机器人进行试验。It was going to be tested out by Larry's wife, Claire.这项试验将由拉里的夫人克莱尔来尝试。

Claire didn't want the robot in her house, especially as her husband would be absent for three weeks, but Larry persuaded her that the robot wouldn't harm her or allow her to be harmed.克莱尔并不想把机器人留在家里，特别是在她丈夫离家三周的这个期间，但是克莱尔被拉里说服了。他说，机器人不会伤害她，也不会让别人来伤害她。It would be a bonus.这样会是个以外的收获。However, when she first saw the robot, she felt alarmed.然而她初次见到机器人的时候就感到有点儿吃惊。His name was Tony and he seemed more like a human than a machine.机器人名叫托尼，看上去更像一个人，而不像台机器。He was tall and handsome with smooth hair and a deep voice although his facial expression never changed.他虽然面部表情毫无变化，但是个子高大、相貌英俊，头发平整，声音低沉浑厚。

On the second morning Tony, wearing an apron, brought her breakfast and then asked her whether she needed help dressing.第二天早晨，托尼戴着围裙，给她端来了早餐，然后问她是否需要帮忙穿衣打扮。She felt embarrassed and quickly told him to go.It was disturbing and frightening that he looked so human.她感到有点不好意思，很快就打发他走了。机器人如此通人性，这使她觉得心烦和害怕。

One day, Claire mentioned that she didn't think she was clever.有一天，克莱尔说起，她觉得她自己并不聪明。Tony said that she must feel very unhappy to say that.Claire thought it was ridiculous to be offered sympathy by a robot.托尼则说，克莱尔一定是很不高兴，才会说出这样的话来。克莱尔觉得，机器人会向她表示同情，这有点荒唐可笑。But she began to trust him.但是他开始信任托尼了。She told him how she was overweight and this made her feel unhappy.她告诉托尼她太胖了，这让她很不高兴。Also she felt her home wasn't elegant enough for someone like Larry who wanted to improve his social position.还有对于像拉里这样很想提高社会地位的人来说，她的家也不够高雅。She wasn't like Gladys Claffern, one of the richest and most powerful women around.她跟格拉迪丝·克拉芬不一样，格拉迪丝是远近闻名的有钱有势的女人。

As a favour Tony promised to help Claire make herself smarter and her home more elegant.托尼为让克莱尔高兴，答应帮助她，使她变得漂亮，使她的家变的高雅大方。So Claire borrowed a pile of books from the library for him to read, or rather, scan.于是克莱尔从图书馆借来一堆书给托尼阅读，或者说给他浏览一下。She looked at his fingers with wonder as they turned each page and suddenly reached for his hand.他惊奇地看着他的手指翻动着书页，忍不住伸出手来摸他的手指。She was amazed by his fingernails and the softness and warmth of his skin.他的手指甲和他那柔软温暖的皮肤使她感到大为惊异。How absurd, she thought.He was just a machine.她在想，这是多么可笑啊，他只不过是一台机器呀！

Tony gave Claire a new haircut and changed the makeup she wore.托尼给克莱尔换了个发型，又改变了化妆风格。As he was not allowed to accompany her to the shops, he wrote out a list of items for her.因为不允许托尼陪克莱尔去商店，所以托尼就给她写了一份购物清单。Claire went into the city and bought curtains, cushions, a carpet and bedding.克莱尔进城去买了窗帘、坐垫、地毯和床上用品。Then she went into a jewellery shop to buy a necklace.然后她去了一家珠宝店买项链。When the clerk at the counter was rude to her, she rang Tony up and told the clerk to speak to him.柜台售货员对她很粗鲁，她就打电话给托尼，让售货员同托尼讲话。The clerk immediately changed his attitude.售货员马上就改变了态度。Claire thanked Tony, telling him that he was a “dear”.克莱尔对托尼表示感谢，并说他是个―可爱的人‖。As she turned around, there stood Gladys Claffern.她刚一转过身去，就看到格拉迪丝·克拉芬站在那儿。How awful to be discovered by her, Claire thought.克莱尔想，被格拉迪丝发现了，这多么难为情啊！By the amused and surprised look on her face, Claire knew that Gladys thought she was having an affair.从格拉迪丝脸上的那种有趣而又惊奇的神色来看，克莱尔知道，格拉迪丝认为她有风流韵事了。After all, she knew Claire's husband's name was Larry, not Tony.毕竟格拉迪丝知道她的丈夫是拉里，而不是托尼。

When Claire got home, she wept with anger in her armchair.克莱尔回到家里，坐在扶手椅上气得直哭。Gladys was everything Claire wanted to be.格拉迪丝的一举一动都是克莱尔想模仿的。“You can be like her,” Tony told her and suggested that she invite Gladys and her friends to the house the night before he was to leave and Larry was to return.托尼告诉克莱尔说，你可以同格拉迪丝一样，还建议克莱尔邀请格拉迪丝和她的朋友到家里来玩，时间就定在托尼离去和拉里回家之前的那个晚上。By that time, Tony expected the house to be completely transformed.托尼想在此之前将房子改装得焕然一新。

Tony worked steadily on the improvements.托尼有条不紊地搞着装修。Claire tried to help once but was too clumsy.克莱尔有一次想来帮忙。She fell off a ladder and even though Tony was in the next room, he managed to catch her in time.但是她太笨手笨脚了，竟从梯子上掉了下来。尽管托尼当时在隔壁房间里，他还是及时赶过来把她接住了。He held her firmly in his arms and she felt the warmth of his body.他把她紧紧地搂在怀里，她感觉到了他身上有股暖气。She screamed, pushed him away and ran to her room for the rest of the day.她尖叫了起来，把他推开，跑回她的房里，那天她就再也没有出来过。

The night of the party arrived.聚会的那天晚上来到了。The clock struck eight.时钟敲响八点。The guests would be arriving soon and Claire told Tony to go into another room.客人马上就要到来了。克莱尔叫托尼到另一间房里去。At that moment, Tony folded his arms around her, bending his face close to hers.就在那一瞬间，托尼弯曲胳膊搂着她，弯下身去把脸贴近她的脸。She cried out “Tony” and then heard him declare that he didn't want to leave her the next day and that he felt more than just the desire to please her.她大叫一声―托尼‖，然后听到托尼一本正经地说，明天他不想离开她，而且他并不满足于仅仅使她开心。Then the front door bell rang.就在这时，前门的门铃响了。Tony freed her and disappeared from sight.托尼放开了她，消失得无影无踪了。It was then that Claire realized that Tony had opened the curtains of the front window.也就在这时候，克莱尔才意识到托尼早就把前边窗户的窗帘拉开了。Her guests had seen everything!她的客人把这一切看得一清二楚。

The women were impressed by Claire, the house and the delicious cuisine.克莱尔和她的房子、美食给女士们留下了深刻的印象。Just before they left, Claire heard Gladys whispering to another woman that she had never seen anyone so handsome as Tony.就在他们离开之前，克莱尔听到格拉迪丝跟另外一个女人小声地说，她从来没见过像托尼这样英俊的男人。What a sweet victory to be envied by those women!受到那些女士的妒忌，这该是多么甜美的胜利！She might not be as beautiful as them, but none of them had such a handsome lover.克莱尔也许并没有她们那样漂亮，但是她们中没有任何一个人拥有这样英俊的情人。

Then she remembered-Tony was just a machine.这时候，她记起来了——托尼只不过是一台机器。She shouted “Leave me alone” and ran to her bed.她高声嚷着：―让我独自呆一会儿！‖ 就跑上床。She cried all night.哭了一个通宵。The next morning a car drove up and took Tony away.第二天早晨开来一辆汽车，把托尼接走了。

The company was very pleased with Tony's report on his three weeks with Claire.公司对托尼同克莱尔相处三个星期的实验报告非常满意。Tony had protected a human being from harm.托尼保护了一个人免受伤害，He had prevented Claire from harming herself through her own sense of failure.他使克莱尔没有因为她的失败感而伤害自己。He had opened the curtains that night so that the other women would see him and Claire, knowing that there was no risk to Claire's marriage.那天晚上，他拉开窗帘，让其他女人看到了他和克莱尔在一起，他明白这么做对克莱尔的婚姻并不造成危害。But even though Tony had been so clever, he would have to be rebuilt-you cannot have women failing in love with machines.但是，尽管托尼很聪明，他还得做一番改建——总不能让女人和机器相爱吧。

4.选修七Unit2 A BIOGRAPHY OF ISAAC ASIMOV艾萨克·阿西莫夫传

Isaac Asimov was an American scientist and writer who wrote around 480 books that included mystery stories, science and history books, and even books about the Holy Bible and Shakespeare.艾萨克·阿西莫夫是美国的科学家兼作家。他写过大约480本书，包括怪诞小说、科学和历史方面的书，甚至还写过有关《圣经》和莎士比亚的书。But he is best known for his science fiction stories.但是，他最有名的作品是他的科幻小说。Asimov had both an extraordinary imagination that gave him the ability to explore future worlds and an amazing mind with which he searched for explanations of everything, in the present and the past.阿西莫夫不仅有着超凡的想象力，使他能对未来世界进行探索，而且还有着惊人的智力，使他能对现在的和过去的各种事物作出解释。

Asimov's life began in Russia, where he was born on 2 January, 1920.阿西莫夫的一生从俄罗斯开始，他生于1920年1月2日； It ended in New York on 6 April, 1992, when he died as a result of an HIV infection that he had got from a blood transfusion nine years earlier.阿西莫夫的一生在纽约结束，他死于1992年4月6日。他是因为九年前的一次输血中感染了艾滋病毒病毒而去世的。

When Asimov was three, he moved with his parents and his one-year-old sister to New York City.阿西莫夫三岁的时候，就随同父母和年仅一岁的妹妹迁到纽约。There his parents bought a candy store which they ran for the next 40 or so years.在那儿，他的父母买下了一家糖果店，后来一直经营了大约40年。At the age of nine, when his mother was pregnant with her third child, Asimov started working part-time in the store.阿西莫夫九岁的时候，母亲怀了第三个孩子，他就开始在糖果店里兼职工作了。He helped out through his school and university years until 1942, a year after he had gained a master's degree in chemistry.他读中学和大学的那段时期都在糖果店里工作，一直到1942年，也就是他获得化学硕士学位一年以后他才停止糖果店的工作。In 1942 he joined the staff of the Philadelphia Navy Yard as a junior chemist and worked there for three years.1942年，他在费城海军造船厂里担任初级化学师，干了三年。In 1948 he got his PhD in chemistry.1948年他获得了化学博士学位。The next year he became a biochemistry teacher at Boston University School of Medicine.第二年他在波士顿大学的医学院任生化教员。In 1958 he gave up teaching to become a full-time writer.1958年他放弃了教学工作成为专职作家。

It was when Asimov was eleven years old that his talent for writing became obvious.早在阿西莫夫11岁的时候，他的写作才华就已经显露出来了。He had told a friend two chapters of a story he had written.The friend thought he was retelling a story from a book.他把他写的小说中的两个章节念给一个朋友听，这个朋友还以为他是在复述某本书上的故事呢。This really surprised Asimov and from that moment, he started to take himself seriously as a writer.这使阿西莫夫很惊讶。从那以后，他就开始认真地从事写作了。Asimov began having stories published in science fiction magazines in 1939.1939年，阿西莫夫开始在科幻杂志上发表故事，1950年他出版了自己他的第一部小说。In 1950 he published his first novel and in 1953 his first science book.1953年出版了他的第一部科学书籍。

Throughout his life, Asimov received many awards, both for his science fiction books and his science books.阿西莫夫一生中多次获过奖，既有科幻小说奖，也有科学书籍奖。Among his most famous works of science fiction, one for which he won an award was the Foundation trilogy(1951-1953), three novels about the death and rebirth of a great empire in a galaxy of the future.在他那些最富盛名的科幻小说中，有本获奖的书叫做《基地》三部曲（1951-1953），有三个小故事，讲的是未来银河系中一个伟大帝国的灭亡与复兴。It was loosely based on the fall of the Roman Empire but was about the future.基本素材取自罗马帝国的衰败，但讲的是有关未来的事情。These books are famous because Asimov invented a theoretical framework which was designed to show how ideas and thinking may develop in the future.这些书之所以有名，是因为阿西莫夫创造了一种理论框架，用以阐述各种想法在未来可能会如何发展。He is also well known for his collection of short stories, I, Robot(1950), in which he developed a set of three “laws” for robots.他的短篇小说集《我，机器人》（1950)也是享有盛名的。在这本书里他提出机器人的三大―原则‖。For example, the first law states that a robot must not injure human beings or allow them to be injured.举例来说，第一条原则就规定机器人不得伤害人类，也不能允许人类受到伤害。Some of his ideas about robots later influenced other writers and even scientists researching into artificial intelligence.他那些有关机器人的想法后来影响了其他的作者，甚至影响了那些从事人工智能研究的科学家们。

Asimov was married twice.阿西莫夫结过两次婚。He married his first wife in 1942 and had a son and a daughter.他于1942年同他的第一任妻子结婚，生有一男一女。Their marriage lasted 31 years.这次婚姻持续了31年。Soon after his divorce in 1973, Asimov married again but he had no children with his second wife.1973年离婚后不久，阿西莫夫又结婚了，但是他与第二任妻子没有生育儿女。

5.选修七Unit 3 OLD TOM THE KILLER WHALE虎鲸老汤姆

I was 16 when I began work in June 1902 at the whaling station.1902年6月，我开始在捕鲸站里工作，那时我才16岁。I had heard of the killers that every year helped whalers catch huge whales.在此之前我曾经听说过虎鲸每年帮助捕鲸人捕捉大鲸鱼。I thought, at the time, that this was just a story but then I witnessed it with my own eyes many times.当时我以为只是一个故事罢了，但是后来我亲眼见过多次。

On the afternoon I arrived at the station, as I was I sorting out my accommodation, I heard a loud noise coming from the bay.有天下午我来到捕鲸站，正在找住处的时候，听到从海湾那边传来一阵喧闹声。We ran down to the shore in time to see an enormous animal opposite us throwing itself out of the water and then crashing down again.我们及时赶到岸边，看到对面有一个庞大的动物猛力跃出海面，然后又坠落到水里。It was black and white and fish-shaped.But I knew it wasn't a fish.它黑白相间，样子像鱼，但我知道它并不是鱼。

“That's Old Tom, the killer,” one of the whalers, George, called out to me.―那是老汤姆，是虎鲸。‖一位叫乔治的捕鲸人高声对我说，“He's telling us there's a whale out there for us.” ―它是在告诉我们那边有一头鲸，叫我们去捕猎。‖

Another whaler yelled out, “Rush-oo...rush-oo.” This was the call that announced there was about to be a whale hunt.另一位捕鲸人大声喊叫，―快走啊……走啊。‖这是宣告猎鲸行动马上就要开始的呼声。

“Come on, Clancy.To the boat,” George said as he ran ahead of me.―克兰西，快上，上船去。‖乔治在我前面边跑边说。I had already heard that George didn't like being kept waiting, so even though I didn't have the right clothes on, I raced after him.我以前就听说过，乔治不喜欢等人，所以尽管我还没有穿上合适的衣服，就跟在他后面跑起来。

Without pausing we jumped into the boat with the other whalers and headed out into the bay.一刻不停地，我们和其他捕鲸人都跳进渔船，朝海湾方向驶去。I looked down into the water and could see Old Tom swimming by the boat, showing us the way.我朝水里望去，可以看到老汤姆就在渔船旁边游着，为我们指路。A few minutes later, there was no Tom, so George started beating the water with his oar and there was Tom, circling back to the boat, leading us to the hunt again.几分钟之后，汤姆不见了，于是乔治开始用桨拍打水面。汤姆出现了，转回到船边，又领着我们前往捕猎处。

Using a telescope we could see that something was happening.通过望远镜，我们可以看到远处有情况发生了。As we drew closer, I could see a whale being attacked by a pack of about six other killers.走近一看，原来是一头大鲸受到约六、七条虎鲸的攻击。

“What're they doing?” I asked George.我问乔治，―它们在干什么呢？‖

“Well, it's teamworkpurples, reds, oranges, yellows, blues and greens.我首先注意到的是我周围那些鲜艳的色彩——紫色、红色、橘黄、明黄、蓝色和绿色等。The corals were fantasticI even saw them get inside their mouths and clean their teeth!我也喜欢那些为大鱼清洁身体的小鱼——我甚至还看到这些小鱼游进大鱼的嘴里去帮他们刷牙。It seemed there was a surprise waiting for me around every corner as I explored small caves, shelves and narrow passages with my underwater flashlight: the yellow and green parrotfish was hanging upside down, and sucking tiny plants off the coral with its hard bird-like mouth;a yellow-spotted red sea-slug was sliding by a blue sea-star;a large wise-looking turtle was passing so close to me that I could have touched it.当我用水下探照灯探索小石洞、岩石和狭窄通道的时候，似乎每个角落都有使我感到惊奇的东西等着我：黄绿相间的鹦嘴鱼倒挂着，用它那像鸟一样的硬嘴从珊瑚上吸吮微小植物；带着黄斑点的红色海蛞蝓从一个蓝色的海星旁边滑行过去；一只长相聪慧的大乌龟紧贴着我的身旁而过，我几乎可以摸到它了。

There were other creatures that I didn't want to get too close toI felt very exposed in such deep clear water.我的心急剧地跳动着——在这样深邃而清澈的海水中，我感觉我彻底曝光了。

What a wonderful, limitless world it was down there!这个水底下世界是多么美妙，多么漫无边际！And what a tiny spot I was in this enormous world!而我在这个海洋的世界中又是多么渺小！

7.选修七Unit4 A LETTER HOME一封家信 Dear Rosemary, 亲爱的罗斯玛丽：

Thanks for your letter, which took a fortnight to arrive.谢谢你的来信，这封信两星期才到。It was wonderful to hear from you.收到你的信真是太高兴了。I know you're dying to hear all about my life here, so I've included some photos which will help you picture the places I talk about.我知道你急于了解我在这儿的生活情况。因此，我在信中附有几张照片，能够帮助你想象出我所谈到的地方。

You asked about my high school.你问起我的中学情况。Well, it's a bush school – the classrooms are made of bamboo and the roofs of grass.噢，它是一所丛林学校——教室是用竹子搭起来的，屋顶是用茅草盖的。It takes me only a few minutes to walk to school down a muddy track.我只要沿着一条泥泞的小路步行几分钟就到学校了。When I reach the school grounds there are lots of ”good mornings“ for me from the boys.每当我走到学校操场的时候，迎接我的是男孩子们一片―早上好‖的声音。Many of them have walked a long way, sometimes up to two hours, to get to school.他们中许多人走了很长的路，有时候要走两个小时才能到学校。

There's no electricity or water and even no textbooks either!这里没有电，也没有水，甚至连课本也没有！I'm still trying to adapt to these conditions.我还在努力适应这儿的生活条件。However, one thing is for sure, I've become more imaginative in my teaching.但是有一点是肯定的，我在教学中变得更富有想象力了。Science is my most challenging subject as my students have no concept of doing experiments.理科对我来说是最富挑战性的课，因为我的学生对做实验没有概念。In fact there is no equipment, and if I need water I have to carry it from my house in a bucket!实际上，根本没有设备。如果需要水，我还得从家里用水桶提过来！The other day I was showing the boys the weekly chemistry experiment when, before I knew it, the mixture was bubbling over everywhere!有一天，我正给孩子们做每周一次的化学实验的演示，我还没有明白怎么回事，混合剂就到处冒气泡了！The boys who had never come across anything like this before started jumping out of the windows.男孩们以前从来没有见过这种情况，吓得都往窗外跳去。Sometimes I wonder how relevant chemistry is to these students, most of whom will be going back to their villages after Year 8 anyway.有时候，我真想知道，化学对这些孩子究竟有多大的用处。他们中的大多数人学完八年级以后就要回到他们的村庄去了。To be honest, I doubt whether I'm making any difference to these boys' lives at all.说实在的，我真的不知道我教的课是否会让这些孩子的生活有所改变。

You asked whether I'm getting to know any local people.你问我是否了解当地的老百姓。Well, that's actually quite difficult as I don't speak much of the local English dialect yet.这实在是太难了，因为我还说不了几句当地人说的英语。But last weekend another teacher, Jenny, and 1 did visit a village which is the home of one of the boys, Tombe.不过，上周末我和另外一位叫詹妮的教师真的去访问了一个村庄，那是我的学生汤贝的家。It was my first visit to a remote village.这是我第一次到偏僻的村子里去。We walked for two and a half hours to get therethis shows it is a man's house.汤贝的父亲叫莫卡普，他把我们带到他的家里。这是一个低矮的竹屋，屋顶上伸出一簇茅草——它代表这间竹屋是男人住的。The huts were round, not rectangular like the school buildings.屋子是圆的，不像学校那样是长方形的。There were no windows and the doorway was just big enough to get through.这里没有窗户，房门只够一个人进出。The hut was dark inside so it took time for our eyes to adjust.小屋内很黑，因此眼睛要过好一阵子才能适应过来。Fresh grass had been laid on the floor and there was a newly made platform for Jenny and me to sleep on.地上摆放着一堆新鲜的草，还新做了一个平台，是供詹妮和我睡觉用的。Usually Kiak would sleep in her own hut, but that night she was going to share the platform with us.通常齐亚克是睡在她自己的小屋里的，而那天晚上她要同我们一起睡在平台上。Mukap and Tombe were to sleep on small beds in another part of the hut.莫卡普和汤贝则睡在竹屋另一边的小床上。There was a fireplace in the centre of the hut near the doorway.在竹屋中间靠近房门的地方有一个火炉。The only possessions I could see were one broom, a few tin plates and cups and a couple of jars.我所看到的仅有的家具是一把扫帚，几个锡盘和锡杯，还有两个罐子。

Outside Mukap was building a fire.莫卡普在屋子外边生火。Once the fire was going, he laid stones on it.火着起来后，他往火里扔了几块石头。When hot, he placed them in an empty oil drum with kau kau(sweet potato), corn and greens.烧热以后，他把石头放在一个空油桶里，加上一些考考（红薯）、玉米和青菜，He then covered the vegetables with banana leaves and left them to steam.然后他用香蕉叶把这些蔬菜盖上，等着它们蒸熟。I sniffed the food;it smelled delicious.我用鼻子嗅，食物闻起来很香。We ate inside the hut sitting round the fire.我们在房里围着火炉坐下来吃东西。I loved listening to the family softly talking to each other in their language, even though I could not participate the conversation.他们家里人轻声细语地用自己的语言在交谈。我很喜欢听他们谈话，尽管我不能加入他们的谈话。Luckily, Tombe could be our interpreter.幸好，汤贝能给我们当翻译。

Later, I noticed a tin can standing upside down on the grill over the fire.后来，我发现有一个锡罐子倒放在火炉的烤架上。After a short time Tombe threw it out of the doorway.过了一会儿，汤贝把它从门道里扔了出去。I was puzzled.我不懂为什么这么做。Tombe told me that the can was heated to dry out the leftover food.汤贝告诉我说，罐子加热是为了把里面的残菜剩饭烧干。They believe that any leftovers attract evil spirits in the night, so the food is dried up in the can and the can is then thrown out of the hut.他们相信剩饭在夜晚会引来邪灵，所以要把食物放在罐子里烧干，再把罐子一起扔到屋外去。Otherwise they don't waste anything.否则的话，他们是不会浪费任何东西的。

We left the village the next morning after many goodbyes and firm handshakes.第二天早晨，经过一番紧紧握手和道别之后，我们就离开了村庄。My muscles were aching and my knees shaking as we climbed down the mountain towards home.我们爬下山回家，往回走的时候，我的腿部肌肉发痛，膝盖发抖。That evening I fell happily into bed.那天晚上我很开心，倒在床上就睡了。It was such a privilege to have spent a day with Tombe's family.跟汤贝一家度过了一天，真是一种殊荣。

It's getting late and I have to prepare tomorrow's lessons and do some paperwork.Please write soon.天色很晚了，我还得准备明天的功课呢。请早日来信。Love Jo 爱你的，乔

8.选修七Unit 4 THE WORLD'S MOST USEFUL GIFT CATALOGUE 世界上最有用的礼物清单

Would you like to donate an unusual gift?你是否想要赠送一份特殊的礼物？Then this is the catalogue for you.那么下面这份礼单供你参考吧。The gift you give is not something your loved one keeps but a voluntary contribution towards the lives of people who really need it.你送的礼物不是给你所爱的人留念的，而是给那些确有需要的人的一项生活上的无偿捐助。

Choose from this catalogue a really useful gift for some of the world's poorest and bring hope for a better future to a community in need.从这份清单中选择一份确实有用的礼物，送给世界上最穷苦的人吧。给急需帮助的社区带去一份改善未来的希望吧。

When you purchase an item, we will send you an attractive card for you to send to your special person.你选购一项礼物时，我们都会给你提供一张精美的卡片，让你送给你的某个特殊的人。You can use the cards for any special occasion-weddings ,births, birthdays, Christmas or anniversaries, etc.这种卡片可以用在任何一种特殊的场合 —— 结婚、出生、生日、圣诞节、周年纪念等。

Gifts礼物

Cost(AUD)价值（澳元）A 20tree seedlings 20株树苗 $5

B A loan to set up women’s self-help group组建妇女自助会的贷款 $8 C Water supply for one person一个人的用水 $10 DTraining in vegetable gardening蔬菜园艺培训 $15

E Child vaccinations against 6 killer diseases预防六种儿童致命疾病的疫苗$20 F School books 学校用书$20

G Basic adult education 成人基础教育 $25 H Basic health-care services 基本保健服务 $30 I One year of primary schooling 小学一年的学费

$35 J A goat for a poor family 资助困难户一头羊 $40 K A family toilet 家用厕具

$50 L Water for a family 一个家庭的用水 $65

M A loan to set up a small business 建一家小型企业的贷款

$85 N A sewing machine 一台缝纫机 $100

O Family nutritional supplements 家用营养补品 $130 P Oxen for ploughing 耕牛 $180 Q A trunk library 箱式图书馆

$200

R Assistance for families headed by children 对遗孤家庭的扶助金

$300 S A community primary school 社区小学经费 $500 T Village tractor 村庄拖拉机

$1000 U A well and water pump 水井和水泵

$1350 To致_______

To let you know that I am thinking of you, I have purchased a gift from the World’s Most Useful Gift Catalogue for you to give to some of the world’s poorest.为了让你知道我在想着你们，特从―世界上最有用的礼物清单‖中购得一份礼物，请你转送给世界上最穷苦的人。

This gift will train a whole village of around 40 families in India, Kenya, or Bangladesh in new agricultural methods, and provide seeds and simple agricultural equipment.这份礼物给印度、肯尼亚或孟加拉国约40户人口的村庄，对他们进行新的农业生产方法的培训，并提供种子和简单的农业机械。Just 20% more produce will mean the difference between sickness and health, between families going hungry and families providing for themselves.仅仅提高20%的产量就意味着会对人的患病与健康、家庭饥饿与自足产生影响。From 来自______

9.选修七Unit 5 Keep it up, Xie Lei再接再厉，谢蕾 Chinese student fitting in well中国学生适应能力强

Six months ago Xie Lei said goodbye to her family and friends in China and boarded a plane for London.六个月前，谢蕾告别了她在中国的家人和朋友，登上了前往伦敦的飞机。It was the first time she had ever left her motherland.这是她第一次离开自己的祖国。”After getting my visa I was very excited because I had dreamed of this day for so long.―拿到签证后我很激动，因为我很久以前就梦想着能有这么一天，But I was also very nervous as I didn't know what to expect,“ 但是我又非常紧张，因为我不知道我所期望的是什么。‖Xie Lei told me when I saw her waiting in a queue at the student cafeteria between lectures.课间休息时我在学生餐厅碰到正排队的谢蕾，她告诉我说.Xie Lei, who is 21 years old, has come to our university to study for a business qualification.谢蕾今年21岁，来我们大学上学，希望获得工商管理资格证书。She is halfway through the preparation year, which most foreign students complete before applying for a degree course.大多数外籍学生在申请学位课程之前都要学习一年预科，而谢蕾已经读完半年了。Xie Lei highly recommends it.她非常看重预科课程。”The preparation course is most beneficial,“ she said.”Studying here is quite different from studying in China, so you need some preparation first.“她说：―预科课程非常有益。在这儿学习跟在中国学习是相当不同的。你必须事前做些准备。‖

”It's not just study that's difficult.―困难不仅仅只在学习方面，You have to get used to a whole new way of life, which can take up all your concentration in the beginning,“你还必须习惯一种全新的生活方式，在一开始的时候这就会占去你的全部精力，‖ explained Xie Lei, who had lived all her life in the same city in China.谢蕾解释说。她在中国时一直居住在同一座城市。She told me that she had had to learn almost everything again.她还告诉我，几乎每件事她都得重新学习。”Sometimes I felt like a child,“ she said.她说：―有时候我觉得自己像个小孩似的，”I had to learn how to use the phone, how to pay bus fare, and how to ask a shopkeeper for things I didn't know the English for.我得学习如何使用电话，乘公交车时该怎样付款，在商店买东西时如果不知道商品的英文名字时，又怎样问店主。When I got lost and had to ask a passer-by for directions, I didn't always understand.当我迷路不得不向过路人问路时，经常听不懂他们说的话。They don't talk like they do on our listening tapes,“ she said, laughing.他们说的话不像我们在听力磁带上听到的那样，‖谢蕾说着笑了。

Xie Lei lives with a host family who give her lots of good advice.谢蕾同房东一家人住在一起，他们给了她许多建议。Although some foreign students live in student accommodation or apartments, some choose to board with English families.虽然有些外国学生住在学生宿舍或公寓房里，但是有些学生选择寄宿在英国人的家中。Living with host families, in which there may be other college students, gives her the chance to learn more about the new culture.有的房东家也许会住着其他大学生，跟这样的人家住在一起会给她提供机会，更好地了解新的文化。”When I hear an idiom that I don't understand, I can ask my host family for help,“ explains Xie Lei.―当我听到我不理解的成语时，我可以向房东家里的人请教，‖谢蕾解释说。”Also, when I miss my family, it's a great comfort to have a substitute family to be with.“ ―还有，当我想家的时候，房东家就是我家的替身，和他们在一起给了我很大的安慰。‖

Xie Lei's preparation course is helping her to get used to the academic requirements of a Western university.谢蕾的预科课程帮助她熟悉了西方大学里在学术方面的要求。”I remember the first essay I did for my tutor,“ she told me.她对我说：―我还记得我交给导师的第一篇论文。”I found an article on the Internet that seemed to have exactly the information I needed.我在网上找到一篇文章，看来跟我所需要的信息恰好一样。So I made a summary of the article, revised my draft and handed the essay in.于是我就那篇论文写了一篇小结性的文章，修改了草稿，然后交给了导师。I thought I would get a really good mark but I got an E.我原以为我会得到高分的，结果只得了一个E。I was numb with shock!我非常吃惊！So I went to my tutor to ask the reason for his revision.于是去找导师理论，想换个分数。First of all, he told me, I couldn't write what other people had said without acknowledging them.他告诉我说，首先，我不能把别人的话写下来而不表示感谢。Besides, as far as he was concerned, what other people thought was not the most important thing.此外，他认为，别人的想法并不是最重要的。He wanted to know what I thought, which confused me because I thought that the author of the article knew far more than I did.他想要知道的是我所想的是什么。这倒把我弄糊涂了，因为该文作者所知道的比我多得多。My tutor explained that I should read lots of different texts that contain different opinions and analyse what I read.导师给我解释说，我得阅读大量的、有关不同观点的文章，并进行分析。Then, in my essay, I should give my own opinion and explain it by referring to other authors.然后，在我的论文中，我得表明我自己的观点，并且引用别的作者的观点来说明为什么我相信我的观点。Finally he even encouraged me to contradict the authors I'd read!最后，他甚至鼓励我反驳我读过的那些作者的观点！At first I lacked confidence, but now I'm beginning to get the idea and my marks have improved.More importantly, I am now a more autonomous learner.“起初，我缺乏信心这样做，而现在我开始懂得了，我的分数也已经有所提高了。更重要的是，我现在是一个自主学习者。‖

Xie Lei told me that she feels much more at home in England now, and what had seemed very strange before now appears quite normal.谢蕾告诉我说，现在她在英国感到自在多了。以前看似很奇怪的事，如今觉得似乎很正常了。”I've just got one more thing to achieve.―我还有一件事要做，I have been so occupied with work that I haven't had time for social activities.我一直忙于学习，以至于没有时间去参与社会活动。I think it's important to have a balance between study and a social life, so I'm going to join a few clubs.我认为在学习与社会生活之间的平衡也是很重要的，所以我打算参加几个俱乐部，Hopefully I'll make some new friends."我希望会结识一些新朋友。‖

We will follow Xie Lei's progress in later editions of this newspaper but for now, we wish Xie Lei all the best in her new enterprise.关于谢蕾的进步，我们将在今后几期的报纸中做跟踪报道。同时我们衷心祝愿她学业有成。She deserves to succeed.她是应该取得成功的。

10.选修七Unit 5 PERU秘鲁

Peru is a country on the Pacific coast of South America.秘鲁是南美洲临太平洋海岸的一个国家。It has three main geographical areas: 从地理上讲，秘鲁有三大地区：a narrow coastal belt;the Andes Mountains running parallel to the coast;and high, flat plains in the southeast.狭长的临海地带，与海岸平行的安第斯山脉以及东南部地势较高的平原地区。In the high plains area is Lake Titicaca, the highest lake in the world, on which boats can travel.在高原地区有的的喀喀湖，这是世界上海拔最高的湖，湖上可以行船。Peru has abundant plants from desert grasses to vast areas of jungle.秘鲁有着多种多样的植物，从沙漠中的草到大片的丛林。

Once the centre of the powerful and extremely wealthy Inca Empire, much of South America was governed by Spain from the sixteenth century onwards.秘鲁曾经是强盛而极为富裕的印加帝国的中心，从16世纪起，南美洲许多地区都是由西班牙统治的。Peru finally gained its independence from Spain in 1821.秘鲁最终于1821年脱离西班牙而独立。The capital of Peru is Lima, which is in the north on the coast.秘鲁的首都是利马，位于北部的临海地区。The ancient Inca capital, Cuzco, is found high in the Andes.人们发现古印加帝国的首都库斯科位于安第斯的高山之上。It is a popular tourist destination as it is close to the famous Inca ruins of the city of Machu Picchu.这儿是旅游的热点，因为它离马丘比丘城著名的印加遗址很近。Cuzco is a lively city with many hotels and inns, where both Indian and Spanish culture and art can be seen.库斯科有许多旅店和酒吧，是一座富有活力的城市，在那儿你可以看到印第安和西班牙的文化艺术。

1.Why is Cuzco popular with tourists?为什么库斯科是旅游人士喜欢去的地方？ 2.What is special about Lake Titicaca?的的喀喀湖有什么特色？

3.What do you think the two official languages of Peru are?你认为秘鲁有哪两种官方语言？ TRAVEL PERU秘鲁旅游

Peru offers a variety of experiences from ancient ruins and centuries-old Spanish villages to thick forests, high mountains and desert coastline.秘鲁提供丰富的旅游资源，从古代的遗址、具有数百年历史的西班牙式的村庄，到茂密的森林、耸立的高山和临海的沙漠TRAVEL PERU offers tours for all ages and tastes.―秘鲁之旅‖为各种年龄和品位的人提供旅游服务。The following tours are based at Cuzco, the site of the ancient capital of the Inca civilization.。下列旅游项目都是从库斯科出发，库斯科是印加文化的古都所在地。Tour 1旅游路线1

Experience the jungle and its diverse wildlife close up.体验丛林，近距离观赏种类繁多的野生生物。During this four-day walking tour, you will be amazed by mountain scenery and the ancient ruins we pass on our hike.在四天的徒步旅游中，山区的风景和步行途经的古代遗址将会令你叹为观止。On the last day, we arrive at the ruins of Machu Picchu in time to see the sunrise over the Andes.最后一天到达马丘比丘遗址，正好赶得上去安第斯山上观看日出。Spend the day visiting the ruins of this ancient Inca city before catching the train back to Cuzco.白天参观古印加城的遗址，然后乘火车返回库斯科。Tour 2旅游路线2

A full-day trip by road from Cuzco to Puno with fantastic views of the highland countryside.全日乘车旅游，从库斯科到普诺，观赏高原乡村的秀丽景色。From Puno, we travel by boat across Lake Titicaca, stopping on the way at the floating islands of the Uros people.再从普诺乘船穿过的的喀喀湖，半途停歇在乌罗族人的浮岛上。These floating islands and the Uros Indian's houses are made of the water plants that grow in the lake.这些浮岛和乌罗印第安人的房子都是用湖里的水草做成的。A full-day stay with a local family gives you an opportunity to learn more about their life.有一整天的时间待在当地居民的家里，这样你会有机会更多地了解他们的生活。Return to Puno on the fourth day for your flight back to Lima.第四天返回普诺，再乘飞机返回利马。

Tour 3旅游路线3

Spend four days high in the-Andes at Cuzco.在库斯科的安第斯高山上玩四天，Learn about its history and visit the museums.了解它的历史，参观博物馆。Admire the Spanish architecture, enjoy some excellent Spanish cuisine and take some time to bargain for some souvenirs at the colourful markets.观赏西班牙式的建筑，品尝西班牙美味，好好逛逛五颜六色的市场，花些时间讨价还价买点纪念品。Take the train up to Machu Picchu for a guided tour of the ruins and the royal tomb of the Inca king.乘火车去马丘比丘，由导游陪同去参观遗址和印加国王的皇家墓地。Tour 4旅游路线4

A short flight from Cuzco takes you from the Andes into the lowlands of the Amazon Jungle.从库斯科乘飞机作短途飞行，从安第斯山到亚马孙河丛林的低地。From here you'll travel by boat to your accommodation in a forest reserve, which holds the record for the most bird sightings in one area.从这里可以乘船到森林保护区的接待站。这个护林区保持着一项观鸟记录，即在一个地区可以看到最多的鸟类。From the guesthouse you can explore the jungle in the company of a local guide.你还可以在当地导游的陪同下，从接待站出发去丛林探险。

第三篇：岳阳楼记逐句翻译

《岳阳楼记》范仲淹

庆历四年春，滕子京谪守巴陵郡。越明年，庆历四年的春天，滕子京降职到岳州做知州。到了第二年，政通人和，百废具兴。乃重修岳阳楼，增其旧制，政事顺利，百姓和乐，各种荒废的事业都兴办起来了，于是重修岳阳楼，扩大它旧时的规模。

刻唐贤今人诗赋于其上。属予作文以记之。

把唐代和当今名家贤士的诗词刻在它上面。他嘱咐我写一篇文章来记述重修岳阳楼这件事。

予观夫巴陵胜状，在洞廷一湖。衔远山，吞长江，我看那巴陵的胜景，就在洞庭湖上。它包含着远方的山脉，吞吐着长江的江水，浩浩汤汤，横无际涯；朝晖夕阴，气象万千。此则岳阳楼

浩浩荡荡，宽阔无边，早上湖面映着日光，傍晚又是一片阴暗，早晚阴晴变化，景象变化万千。这就是岳阳楼

之大观也。前人之述备矣。然则北通巫峡，的雄伟景象。前人的记述很详尽了。既然这样，那么这里向北通向巫峡，南极潇湘，迁客骚人，多会于此，向南直到潇水和湘水，降职远调的人和诗人，大多在这里聚会，览物之情，得无异乎？

他们看了自然景物而触发的感情，怎能不有所不同呢？ 若夫霪雨霏霏，连月不开，阴风怒号，像那连绵的雨纷纷而下的时候，整月不放晴，阴冷的风怒吼着，浊浪排空；日星隐耀，山岳潜形；商旅不行，浑浊的波浪，冲向天空；太阳和星星隐藏了光辉，山岳也隐没了形迹；商人、旅客无法通行，樯倾楫摧；薄暮冥冥，虎啸猿啼。

桅倒下，桨折断；傍晚时分，天色昏暗，只听到老虎的吼叫和猿猴的悲啼。登斯楼也，则有去国怀乡，忧谗畏讥，这时候登上这座楼，就会产生离开国都，怀念家乡，担心人家说坏话，惧怕讥讽的心情，满目萧然，感极而悲者矣

满眼萧条的景象，感慨到了极点而十分悲伤。至若春和景明，波澜不惊，上下天光，一碧万顷；

又如春风和煦阳光明媚的时候，没有波平浪静，上下天色湖光相接，一片碧绿，广阔无际。

沙鸥翔集，锦鳞游泳；岸芷

沙洲上的白鸥时而飞翔，时而停歇，美丽的鱼儿在泳来泳去，岸上的小草，汀兰，郁郁青青。而或长烟一空，皓月千里，小洲上的兰花，香气浓郁，颜色青翠。有时大片烟雾完全消散，皎洁的月光 一泻千里，浮光跃金，静影沉璧，有时候湖面上浮动的光闪着金色，有时候湖面上静静的月影像沉下的玉璧，渔歌互答，此乐何极！登斯楼也，则有

渔夫的歌声一唱一和，这样的快乐哪有穷尽！这时候登上岳阳楼，就会产生 心旷神怡，宠辱偕忘，把酒临风，心胸开阔，神情愉悦，荣耀和屈辱一并忘了的心情，清风吹拂中端起酒来喝，其喜洋洋者矣。

那心情快乐极了，高兴极了。

嗟夫！予尝求古仁人之人心，或异二者之为，唉！我曾经探求过古代的品德高尚的人的思想，或许不同于（以上）两种心情，何哉？不以物喜，不以已悲；居庙堂之高

这是什么原因呢？不因外物（好坏）和自己（得失）而或喜或悲；在朝廷做官，则忧其民；处江湖之远则忧其君。

就会担忧（他的）百姓，不在朝廷做官（处在僻远的江湖间），就担忧君主，是进亦忧，退亦忧。然则何时而乐耶？

这样在朝做官是忧，不在朝做官也是担忧。既然这样，那什么时候才快乐呢？ 其必曰“先天下之忧而忧，后天下之乐而乐”乎？

那一定要说“在天下人忧之前先忧，在天下人乐之后才乐” 吧？

噫！微斯人，吾谁与归？

啊！如果没有这种人，我同谁一道呢？

第四篇：高中英语选修8课文逐句翻译(人教版)

1.选修八Unit1 CALIFORNIA加利福尼亚

California is the third largest state in the USA but has the largest population.加州是美国第三大洲, 而且是人口最多的州。It also has the distinction of being the most multicultural state in the USA, having attracted people from all over the world.加州与众不同之处在于它也是美国最具多元文化的一个州。它吸引了来自世界各地的人们。The customs and languages of the immigrants live on in their new home.这些移民的风俗习惯以及语言在他们的新家都得以延续。This diversity of culture is not surprising when you know the history of California.当你了解了加利福尼亚的历史，你就不会对其文化的多样性感到惊奇了。NATIVE AMERCANS美洲土著人

Exactly when the first people arrived in what we now know as California, no one really knows.最早一批人具体是什么时候来到我们现在了解的加利福尼亚地区的, 谁也说不清楚。However, it is likely that Native Americans were living in California at least fifteen thousand years ago.然而，可能至少在一15,000年以前美洲土著人就住在加利福尼亚了。Scientists believe that these settlers crossed the Bering Strait in the Arctic to America by means of a land bridge which existed in prehistoric times.科学家们认为这些迁居者通过一条史前时期曾经存在的大陆桥穿越北极地区的白令海峡到达美洲。In the 16th century, after the arrival of the Europeans, the native people suffered greatly.欧洲人在16世纪到来这里之后，土著人遭受了极大的苦难。Thousands were killed or forced into slavery.成千上万人被杀或被迫成为奴隶。In addition, many died from the diseases brought by the Europeans.另外, 欧洲人带来的疾病，使许多人染病而死。However, some survived these terrible times, and today there are more Native Americans living in California than in any other state.不过，还 1 是有一些人经历了这些恐怖时期而活下来了。今天住在加利福尼亚的美洲土著人比任何其他州的都要多。

THE SPANISH西班牙人

In the 18th century California was ruled by Spain.在18世纪的时候，加利福尼亚是被西班牙统治的。Spanish soldiers first arrived in South America in the early 16th century, when they fought against the native people and took their land.西班牙士兵最早是在16世纪初期来到南美洲的，他们同土著人打仗，夺去了他们的土地。Two centuries later, the Spanish had settled in most parts of South America and along the northwest coast of what we now call the United States.两个世纪以后, 西班牙人在南美洲大部分地区定居下来，而且还在我们现在称之为美国的西北沿海地区住下来。Of the first Spanish to go to California, the majority were religious men, whose ministry was to teach the Catholic religion to the natives.在首批移居加利福尼亚州的西班牙人中，大部分是宗教人士，他们的职责是向原住居民传授天主教。In 1821, the people of Mexico gained their independence from Spain.1821年,墨西哥人从西班牙获得了独立。California then became part of Mexico.加利福尼亚于是成了墨西哥的一部分。In 1846 the United States declared war on Mexico, and after the war won by the USA, Mexico had to give California to the USA.1846年美国向墨西哥宣战，美国赢得战争胜利后，墨西哥被迫把加利福尼亚割让给美国。However, there is still a strong Spanish influence in the state.但是,这个州至今仍然保留着很强的西班牙文化的影响。That is why today over 40 of Californians speak Spanish as a first or second language.这就是为什么今天还有40%的加利福尼亚人仍然把西班牙语作为第一或第二语言的缘故。RUSSIANS俄罗斯人

In the early 1800s, Russian hunters, who had originally gone to Alaska, began settling in California.在19世纪初期，一批最初到阿拉斯加的俄罗斯猎人开始在加利福尼亚定居下来。Today there are about 25,000 Russian-Americans living in and around San Francisco.今天，住在旧金山及其周边地区的美籍俄罗斯人大约25，000人。GOLD MINERS金矿工

In 1848, not long after the American-Mexican war, gold was discovered in California.1848年,美墨战争后不久,在加利福尼亚发现了金矿。The dream of becoming rich quickly attracted people from all over the world.发财梦很快就吸引了来自世界各地的人。The nearest, and therefore the first to arrive, were South Americans and people from the United States.距离最近因而来的最早的是南美洲人和美国人，Then adventurers from Europe and Asia soon followed.随后跟着来的有欧洲和亚洲的探险家。In fact, few achieved their dream of becoming rich.事实上, 很少有人圆了发财梦。Some died or returned home, but most remained in California to make a life for themselves despite great hardship.They settled in the new towns or on farms.许多人死了或回家了，但是尽管条件十分艰苦，大多数人仍然留在了加利福尼亚劳作谋生，在新的城镇或农场里定居下来。By the time California elected to become the thirty-first federal state of the USA in 1850, it was already a multicultural society.到1850年加利福尼亚成为美国第31个州的时候, 它已经是一个有着多元文化的社会了。

LATER A RRIVALS后来的移民

Although Chinese immigrants began to arrive during the Gold Rush Period, it was the building of the rail network from the west to the east coast that brought even larger numbers to California in the 1860s.虽然中国移民在淘金热期间就开始来到（美国），3 但是更大批量的中国移民却是在十九世纪六十年代为了修建贯穿美国东西海岸的铁路而来的。Today, Chinese-Americans live in all parts of California, although a large percentage have chosen to stay in the “Chinatowns” of Los Angeles and San Francisco.今天,加利福尼亚州各地都有美藉华人居住,尽管有很大比例的华人还是选择住在洛杉矶和旧金山的―中国城‖里。Other immigrants such as Italians, mainly fishermen but also wine makers, arrived in California in the late 19th century.十九世纪后期，其他国家的移民，比如意大利人来到加利福尼亚，他们主要是渔民，也有些酿酒工人。In 1911 immigrants from Denmark established a town of their own, which today still keeps up their Danish culture.1911年丹麦移民建立了他们自己的城镇，至今仍保留着丹麦文化。By the 1920s the film industry was well established in Hollywood, California.到了二十世纪二十年代，电影产业在加利福尼亚州的好莱坞建立了起来。The industry boom attracted Europeans including many Jewish people.这个行业吸引了许多欧洲人包括许多犹太人。Today California has the second largest Jewish population in the United States.今天，加利福尼亚的犹太人口在美国占第二位。Japanese farmers began arriving in California at the beginning of the 20th century, and since the 1980s a lot more have settled there.日本的农民是在20世纪初期开始到加利福尼亚来的,而从20世纪80年代以来就有更多的日本人在加利福尼亚定居了。People from Africa have been living in California since the 1800s, when they moved north from Mexico.非洲人从19世纪就在加利福尼亚住下来，他们是从墨西哥向北迁来的。However, even more arrived between 1942 and 1945 to work in the ship and aircraft industries.然而更多的非洲人在1942年到1945年之间来到加利福尼亚的，当时他们是到船厂和飞机厂工作的。MOST RECENT ARRIVALS最近期的移民

In more recent decades, California has become home to more people from Asia, including Koreans, Cambodians, Vietnamese and Laotians.在最近几十年里,加利福尼亚成了亚洲人的家,包括柬埔寨人、朝鲜人、越南人和老挝人。Since its beginning in the 1970s, the computer industry has attracted Indians and Pakistanis to California.从20世纪70年代开始发展计算机工业以来，加利福尼亚又吸引了印度人和巴勒斯坦人的到来。

THE FUTURE未来展望

People from different parts of the world, attracted by the climate and the lifestyle, still immigrate to California世界各地的人，由于受气候条件和生活方式的吸引,仍然在继续迁入加利福尼亚。.It is believed that before long the mix of nationalities will be so great that there will be no distinct major racial or cultural groups, but simply a mixture of many races and cultures.人们认为, 要不了多久，多种国籍的混合将会非常之大，以至于不可能存在一种主要的种族或文化群体，而只是多种族、多文化的混合体。

2.选修八Unit 1 GEORGE’S DIARY乔治的日记 12TH—14TH JUNE

Monday 12th, June6月12日,星期一

Arrived early this morning by bus.Went straight to hotel to drop my luggage, shower and shave.清晨乘公共汽车抵达，直赴饭店，放下行李，洗澡、刮脸，即去观光。Then went exploring.First thing was a ride on a cable car.From top of the hill got a spectacular view of San Francisco Bay and the city.先是乘缆车，在山顶揽胜，观看旧金山湾及整个城市。Built in 1873, the cable car system was invented by Andrew Hallidie, who wanted to find a better form of transport than horse-drawn trams.缆车系 5 统建立于1873年，是由安德鲁·哈利迪发明的，他试图找到一种比马拉的轨道车更好的交通方式。Apparently he'd been shocked when he saw a terrible accident in which a tram's brakes failed, the conductor could not control the situation and the tram slipped down the hill dragging the horses with it.他曾经看到过一次可怕的交通事故：一辆马车刹车失灵，驾车失控，车子和马一起从山上滑了下去，很明显这让他受到了极大的震惊。

Had a late lunch at Fisherman's Wharf.午餐是在渔人码头吃的，吃得很晚。This is the district where Italian fishermen first came to San Francisco in the late 19th century and began the fishing industry.意大利渔民在19世纪末首先来到这个地区，并且在这儿开始捕鱼业。Now it's a tourist area with lots of shops, sea food restaurants and bakeries.如今这儿是一个旅游区了，很多商店、海鲜馆和面包坊。It's also the place to catch the ferry to Angel Island and other places in the Bay.这儿也是乘渡船去天使岛和海湾其他地方的渡口。Did so much exploring at Fisherman's Wharf.Am exhausted and don't feel like doing anything else.Early bed tonight!在渔人码头看了这么多东西，我太累了，什么也不想干了。今晚要早点睡觉!Tuesday 13th, June 6月13日 星期二

Teamed up with a couple from my hotel(Peter and Terri)and hired a car.同酒店里的一对夫妻(彼得和泰莉)作伴，一起租了一辆小汽车。Spent all day driving around the city.一整天驱车游览城市。There's a fascinating drive marked out for tourists.有一种专门为旅游者选定的驾车游活动。It has blue and white signs with seagulls on them to show the way to go.车身上有蓝白两色相间的标记，上面有海鸥以表示要去的路线。It's a 79km round-trip that takes in all the famous tourist spots.这是一次79公里的旅行，它涵盖了所有著名的旅游景点。Stopped many times to admire the view of the 6 city from different angles and take photographs.途中多次停车，从不同角度欣赏城市风景并摄影。Now have a really good idea of what the city's like.现在有对城市的面貌有了一个很好的了解。

In evening, went to Chinatown with Peter and Terri.傍晚，跟彼得和泰莉一起去中国城。Chinese immigrants settled in this area in the 1850s.中国移民于19世纪50年代定居在这个地区。The fronts of the buildings are decorated to look like old buildings in southern China.建筑物面前装饰得就像在中国南部地区的古建筑一样。Saw some interesting temples here, a number of markets and a great many restaurants.这儿看到了一些有趣的寺庙，不少的集贸市场和大量的餐馆，还有美术馆和一个博物馆。Also art galleries and a museum containing documents, photographs and all sorts of objects about the history of Chinese immigration, but it is closed in the evening.博物馆里有关于中国移民史的文件、照片和各种各样的物品，但是晚上关门了。Will go back during the day.Had a delicious meal and then walked down the hill to our hotel.打算白天再来。吃了一顿可口的饭菜，然后步行下山回到酒店。Wednesday 14th, June6月14日星期三

In morning, took ferry to Angel Island from the port in San Francisco Bay.On the way had a good view of the Golden Gate Bridge.早晨，从旧金山湾的港口乘渡轮去天使岛，路上观赏了金门大桥。From 1882 to 1940 Angel Island was a famous immigration station where many Chinese people applied for right to live in USA.从1882年至1940年，天使岛成为一个著名的移民站，许多中国人在那儿申请美国居住权。The cells in the station were very small, cold and damp;some did not even have light but the immigrants had nowhere else to go.移民站的房间又冷又潮湿，一些房间甚至没有光，但是移民们没有其他去处。Their miserable stay seemed to be punishment rather 7 than justice and freedom to them.悲惨的境遇对他们来说似乎是一种惩罚而谈不上公正和自由。They wrote poems on the walls about their loneliness and mourned their former life in China.他们在墙上写诗，抒发孤独的情感，痛惜以前在中国的生活。In 1940 the civil authorities reformed the system so that many more Chinese people were able to grasp the opportunity of settling in the USA.1940年民政部门改革了制度，使得更多的中国人能够得到机会定居美国。Made me very thoughtful and thankful for my life today.这引起我的感慨，使我对今天的生活感到欣慰。

3.选修八Unit2 CLONING: WHERE IS IT LEADING US?克隆：它将把我们引向何方？

Cloning has always been with us and is here to stay.克隆一直与我们同在，而且它还要持续下去。It is a way of making an exact copy of another animal or plant.这是一种用来生产与原型完全相同的动植物的方法。It happens in plants when gardeners take cuttings from growing plants to make new ones.当园艺师从生长着的植物上剪下枝条来培植新植物时，就会产生这种现象。It also happens in animals when twins identical in sex and appearance are produced from the same original egg.这种现象也发生在动物身上，从同一个原生卵子产生性别和相貌相同的双胞胎也是克隆。The fact is that these are both examples of natural clones.实际上，这些都是自然克隆现象。

Cloning has two major uses.克隆技术有两大用途。Firstly, gardeners use it all the time to produce commercial quantities of plants.第一，园艺师一直用它生产大量的供商用的植物； Secondly, it is valuable for research on new plant species and for medical research on animals.第二，它在对新植物物种的研究以及在对动物的医学研究方面都是很有价值的。Cloning plants is straightforward while cloning animals is very 8 complicated.It is a difficult task to undertake.克隆植物简单，但克隆动物就比较复杂了，是一项很难完成的任务。Many attempts to clone mammals failed.克隆哺乳动物的多次尝试都失败了。But at last the determination and patience of the scientists paid off in 1996 with a breakthrough-the cloning of Dolly the sheep.但是，科学家的决心和耐心最终得到了回报，这就是1996年具有突破性的克隆羊―多莉‖的诞生。The procedure works like this:它的程序如下图（略）所示： 1.母羊（甲）提供一个卵细胞。2.在卵细胞中取出细胞核。3.卵细胞准备接受新的细胞核。

4.母羊（乙）提供一个供克隆的躯干细胞，该细胞应包含有生产一头新羊所需要的全部基因。

5.取出该细胞的细胞核。

6.用电把母羊（乙）的躯干细胞核和母羊（甲）的卵细胞连接起来。7.细胞分裂并生长成胚胎。

8.把胚胎置入另外一头寄生的母羊（丙）体内，母羊（丙）就是克隆羊的代孕。9.这头小羔羊就是母羊（乙）所提供的细胞核克隆而成的。

On the one hand, the whole scientific world followed the progress of the first successful clone, Dolly the sheep.一方面整个科学界都在关注着首例成功的克隆动物多莉羊的成长。The fact that she seemed to develop normally was very encouraging.多莉看来是在正常地成长着，这很令人鼓舞。Then came the disturbing news that Dolly had become seriously ill.接着传来了多莉病重的坏消息。Cloning scientists were cast down to find that Dolly's illnesses were more appropriate to a much older animal.研究看来的科学家发现多莉得的病更容易发生在年老的羊身上，这让他们 9 很沮丧。Altogether Dolly lived six and a half years, half the length of the life of the original sheep.可悲的是，多莉只活了六年半，这是它的原型羊寿命的一半。Sadly the same arbitrary fate affected other species, such as cloned mice.可悲的是，同样无法控制的命运也在影响着其他物种，如克隆鼠。The questions that concerned all scientists were: “Would this be a major difficulty for all cloned animals? 科学家们的脑海里产生的问题是―这是不是所有克隆动物的一个主要困难呢？Would it happen forever? Could it be solved if corrections were made in their research procedure?” 这种现象会不会永远发生？如果改进研究程序，问题会不会解决呢？‖

On the other hand, Dolly's appearance raised a storm of objections and had a great impact on the media and public imagination.另一方面，多莉羊的出现引起了一阵强烈的反对，对媒体和公众的想象力也产生了极大的影响。It became controversial.It suddenly opened everybody's eyes to the possibility of using cloning to cure serious illnesses and even to produce human beings.它引起了争议，因为它突破打开了人们的眼界，看到了有可能利用克隆技术来治疗重病，甚至还有可能克隆出人类。

Although at present human egg cells and embryos needed for cloning research are difficult to obtain, newspapers wrote of evil leaders hoping to clone themselves to attain their ambitions.尽管目前供克隆研究的人类卵细胞很难获得，报纸报道说，有些邪恶头目希望把自己克隆出来以实现他们的野心。Religious leaders also raised moral questions.宗教领袖还提出了道德方面的问题。Governments became nervous and more conservative.各国政府惶恐不安而且更加谨慎。Some began to reform their legal systems and forbade research into human cloning, but other countries like China and the UK, continued to accumulate evidence of the abundant medical aid that cloning could provide.有些政府开始改革司法制度，明令禁止进行克隆人类的研究，但是 10 其他国家，如中国和英国，则仍然在继续收集克隆技术有可能提供丰富的医疗救助的证据。However, scientists still wonder whether cloning will help or harm us and where it is leading us.然而科学家们仍对克隆技术有助于人类还是有害于人类，以及克隆技术将把我们引向哪里感到困惑。

4.选修八Unit2 THE RETURN OF THE DINOSAURS?恐龙的回归？

The possibility of cloning fierce and extinct wild animals has always excited film makers.克隆凶猛和灭绝的野生动物的可能性一直使电影制片商感到兴奋。And they are not the only ones!然而他们并不是唯一对此感到兴奋的人。The popularity of films such as Jurassic Park, in which a scientist clones several kinds of extinct dinosaurs, proves how the idea struck a mixture of fear and excitement into people's hearts.在《侏罗纪公园》这部影片中，有一位科学家克隆了好几种不同的绝种恐龙。类似这样的电影很受欢迎，证明了这一想法使人们感到既兴奋又恐惧。But in fact we are a long way from being able to clone extinct animals.但事实上，想要克隆绝种动物，我们还要很长的路程要走。Scientists are still experimenting with cloning mammals.科学家们现在还在进行克隆哺乳动物实验，This is because the cloning of mammals is still a new science and its story only began seriously in the 1950s as this list shows:这是因为克隆哺乳动物仍然还是一门新的科学，它是从20世纪50年代才开始进行认真研究的，如下表所示：

1950s cloning of frogs 1996 first clone of a mammal: Dolly the sheep 1970s research using the embryos of mice

2000 cow gave birth to a bison 1979 work on embryos of sheep and mice 2001 China's first cloned twin calves 1981 first experimental clones of mice 2002 first cloned cats 11 1983 first experimental clones of cows

2005 first cloned dog

From time to time people suggest that extinct animals like dinosaurs, can possibly be brought back to life through cloning.不时地会有人提议，克隆技术将有可能使地球上已经消失的动物（如恐龙）复活。Unfortunately, with what we know now, this is either impossible or unsuitable.There are many reasons.不幸的是，据我们现在所知这是不可能的，也是不合适的。其原因有很多：

◎ The initial requirement is that you need perfect DNA(which gives information for how cells are to grow).首先要求你有完好的DNA，以提供有关细胞将如何生长的信息。

◎ All efforts of cloning an animal will be in vain if there is not enough diversity in the group to overcome illnesses.如果某个动物群体没有足够的多样性以战胜疾病，那么克隆这种动物的所有努力都将是无用的。Diversity in a group means having animals with their genes arranged in different ways.群体的多样性是指这群动物的基因要以不同的方式排列。The advantage is that if there is a new illness some of these animals may die, but others will survive and pass on the ability to resist that disease to the next generation.其优点是，如果发生了某种新的疾病，这类动物中的一些可能会死去，而另外一些却能存活下来，并且把这种免疫力传给下一代。The great drawback to cloning a group of animals is that they would all have the same arrangement of genes and so might die of the same illness.Then none of them would be 12 left to continue the species.经过克隆的动物群体的最大缺点是：它们的基因排列有可能完全相同，因而它们有可能会死于同一种疾病，这样它们也可能一个也留不下来传种接代了。

◎ It would be unfair to clone any extinct animals if they were to live in a zoo.你如果克隆出任何绝种动物，而它们必须生活在动物园里那是不公平的。A suitable habitat would be needed for them to lead a natural life.它们需要适当的栖息地过正常的野生生活。

Based on what we know now, you cannot clone animals that have been extinct longer than 10,000 years.就我们现在所知，你不可能克隆那些已经绝种了一万年以上的动物。Actually, dinosaurs disappeared 65,000,000 years ago.事实上恐龙在6，500万年以前就已经消失了，So the chance of dinosaurs ever returning to the earth is merely a dream.所以说恐龙回归地球的可能性仅仅是个梦想罢了！

5.选修八Unit 3 THE PROBLEM OF THE SHRIKES蛇的困扰

When I called up my mother in the countryside on the telephone she was very upset.我给住在乡下的母亲打电话的时候，她感到很心烦。“There are some snakes in our courtyard,” she told me.―我们院子里有几条蛇，‖她告诉我说，“Snakes come near the house now and then, and they seem to have made their home here, not far from the walnut tree.Can you get rid of them please?” ―蛇时不时地爬到屋子边上来。可这几条蛇似乎是在屋子附近离胡桃树不远的地方安家了。你能不能把它们赶走？‖ I felt very proud.我感到很自豪，Here was a chance for.me to distinguish myself by inventing something merciful that would catch snakes but not harm them.这回我有机会来表现一下自己了。我要发明某种仁慈的东西。既可以把蛇捉住，而又不会伤 13 害它们。I knew my parents would not like me to hurt these living creatures!我知道我的父母亲是不会让我伤害这些生物的。

The first thing I did was to see if there were any products that might help me, but there only seemed to be powders designed to kill snakes.我所做的第一件事就是看看有没有现成的产品能帮助我。但是，看来只有一种毒杀蛇的药粉。A new approach was clearly needed.很明显，我得找一种新的方法了。I set about researching the habits of snakes to find the easiest way to trap them.于是我就着手研究蛇的习性，以便能找到最容易的方法捉住它们。Luckily these reptiles are small and that made the solution easier.好在这些爬行动物都很小，问题比较容易解决。

Prepared with some research findings, I decided on three possible approaches: 经过一番研究准备之后，我决定采用三种可能的方法： firstly, removing their habitat;第一，铲除蛇的栖息地；secondly, attracting them into a trap using male or female perfume or food;第二，用男人或女人用的香水或食物把它们引进陷阱； and thirdly cooling them so that they would become sleepy and could be easily caught.第三，降低它们的体温，使它们困乏，这样就容易把它们捉住。I decided to use the last one.我决定采用最后一种方法。I bought an ice-cream maker which was made of stainless steel.Between the outside and the inside walls of the bowl there is some jelly, which freezes when cooled.我买了一个制冰淇淋的不锈钢碗，在碗的内壁和外壁之间有些胶状物，冷却后会冻结。I put the bowl into the fridge and waited for 24 hours.我把这个碗放进冰箱，冷冻了24小时。At the same time I prepared some ice-cubes.与此同时，我还准备了一些冰块儿。

The next morning I got up early before the sun was hot.第二天早晨太阳光还不太热，我就早早起床了。I placed the frozen bowl over the snakes' habitat and the 14 ice-cubes on top of the bowl to keep it cool.我把冰冻的碗放在蛇窝的上方，再把小冰块放在碗上，以使碗保持冷却状态。Finally I covered the whole thing with a large bucket.最后再用一个大桶把碗罩住。于是我就等着。Then I waited.After two hours I removed the bucket and the bowl.过了两个小时我才把桶和碗一起拿开。The snakes were less active but they were still too fast for me.蛇不像以前那么活跃了。They abruptly disappeared into a convenient hole in the wall.但是对于我来说，它们行动还是太快了，突然一下子就消失在附近的墙洞里去了。So I had to adjust my plan.于是我只得调整我的计划。

For the second attempt I froze the bowl and the ice-cubes again but placed them over the snakes' habitat in the evening, as the temperature was starting to cool.第二次试验我用的还是冰冻的碗和冰块儿，但是这次我是在夜晚气温开始变凉的时候把它们放在蛇窝的上方，Then as before, I covered the bowl with the bucket and left everything overnight.然后用桶把碗罩住，通宵放在那儿。Early the next morning I returned to see the result.第二天一早我就去看结果。This time with great caution I bent down to examine the snakes and I found them very sleepy.这一次我蹲下去检查的时候，发现蛇都是睡意浓浓的。But once picked up, they tried to bite me.但是一把它们提起来，它们就要咬我。As they were poisonous snakes, I clearly needed to improve my design again.因为它们都是毒蛇，所以很显然我还得改进我的捕蛇方案。

My third attempt repeated the second procedure.第三次试验重复了第二次的程序，The next morning I carried in my hand a small net used for catching fish.This was in the expectation that the snakes would bite again.第二天早晨我的手里拿了一个捕鱼的小网，这是因为我预料蛇还会再咬人。But monitored carefully, the snakes proved to be no trouble and all went according to plan.经过仔细的监视，证明这些蛇不会惹 15 麻烦，一切都按计划进行着。I collected the passive snakes and the next day we merrily released them all back into the wild.我把这些温顺的蛇收集起来，第二天就把他们全部释放到野外了。

Pressed by my friends and relations, I decided to seize the opportunity to get recognition for my successful idea by sending my invention to the patent office.由于朋友和亲戚的敦促，我决定抓住这次机会把我的发明送到专利局去，请他们对我这次成功的思路给予认可。Only after you have had that recognition can you say that you are truly an inventor.只有你得到这种承认，你才可以说是一个真正的发明家。The criteria are so strict that it is difficult to get new ideas accepted unless they are truly novel.（评定）专利标准非常严格，除非新的想法真是新颖的，否则很难被接受。In addition, no invention will get a patent if it is:此外，你的想法如果属于下列情况，那么你也不可能得到专利： ◎a discovery一种发现

◎a scientific idea or mathematical model一种科学理论或数学模式 ◎literature or art文学或艺术

◎a game or a business一场游戏或一笔交易 ◎a computer programme一个电脑程序

◎a new animal or plant variety一种新的动植物物种

Nor will you receive a patent until a search has been made to find out that your product really is different from everyone else's.你的产品要经过仔细调查，证明它确实与众不同的，你才能获得专利。There are a large number of patent examiners, too, whose only job is to examine whether your claim is valid or not.专利局还有一大批审查人员，他们的唯一职责就是审查你的专利申请是否有效。If it passes all the tests, 16 your application for a patent will be published 18 months from the date you apply.如果通过了所有这些审查，你申请的专利就会在你提出申请的18个月之后公布出来。So I have filled in the form and filed my patent application with the Patent Office.于是，我填了表，向专利局提交了申请书。Now it's a matter of waiting and hoping.现在就是等待和期盼了。You'll know if I succeed by the size of my bank balance!将来你看看我的银行结余金额就会知道我是否成功了。Wish me luck!祝我好运吧！

6.选修八Unit3 ALEXANDER GRAHAM BELL亚历山大·格雷厄姆·贝尔

Alexander Graham Bell was born in 1847 in Scotland, but when he was young his family moved to Boston, USA.亚历山大·格雷厄姆·贝尔1847年出生于苏格兰。但在他还小的时候，他家就搬到了美国的波士顿。His mother was almost entirely deaf, so Alexander became interested in helping deaf people communicate and in deaf education.他的母亲几乎全聋了，因此他有志于帮助聋人交流，并从事聋人教育事业。This interest led him to invent the microphone.这一爱好促使他发明了麦克风。He found that by pressing his lips against his mother's forehead, he could make his mother understand what he was saying.他发现他把嘴唇放在母亲的额头上，并以一定的方式来移动额骨，就可以使她听懂他所说的话。

He believed that one should always be curious and his most famous saying was: 他认为一个人应该总是有好奇心理。他最有名的一句话是：

“Leave the beaten track occasionally and dive into the woods.―偶尔离开平路去寻求困境。Every time you do you will be certain to find something that you have never seen before.每次当你这样做的时候，你一定会发现你从未见过的东西。Follow it up, explore all around it, and before you know it, you will have something worth thinking 17 about to occupy your mind.跟踪下去，不断探索，不知不觉中，你就会发现某种值得思考的东西盘踞着你的头脑。All really big discoveries are the result of thought.”所有真正伟大的发现都是思考的结果。‖

It was this exploring around problems and his dynamic spirit that led to his most famous inventioncome hereand he treats me like dirt.伊：（不安地）我想在花店里当卖花姑娘，不想到街上去卖花了。但是他们不会要我，除非我讲话讲得好些，所以我来了，准备付给他钱。我并不是求他帮忙——可他把我当下贱人看待。H: How much? 27 希：你给多少钱？

E:(happier)Now yer talking.A lady friend of mine gets French lessons for two shillings an hour from a real Frenchman.You wouldn't have the face to ask me for the same for teaching me as yer would for French.So I won't give yer more than a shilling.伊：（比较高兴地）啊，你发话了。我的一位女朋友跟一个真正的法国人学法文，每小时两先令。你总不会好意思要我付跟法语同样多的钱吧。所以我最多给你一个先令。

H:(ignoring Eliza and speaking to Pickering)If you think of how much money this girl has-why, it's the best offer I've had!(to Eliza)But if I teach you, I'll be worse than a father.希：（不理睬伊莱扎，而跟皮克林说）要是你想到这个年轻姑娘身上能有多少钱，那么，这就是我能得到的最高薪俸了！（对伊莱扎说）不过，要是我来教你，我会比当爸爸的还要严格。

CP: I say, Higgins.Do you remember what you said last night? I'll say you're the greatest teacher alive if you can pass her off as a lady.I'll be the referee for this little bet and pay for the lessons too...皮：喂，希金斯。你还记得昨天晚上你说过的话吗？如果你能使她冒充一位贵夫人，那么我说你就是一位最了不起的教师了。我会为这个小赌当裁判，而且课时费由我来付。

E:(gratefully)Oh, yer real good, yer are.Thank you, Colonel.伊：（感激地）啊！你真好，真好。谢谢你，上校。

H: Oh, she is so deliciously low.(compromises)OK, I'll teach you.(to Mrs Pearce)But she'll need to be cleaned first.Take her away, Mrs Pearce.Wash her and burn her 28 horrible clothes.We'll buy her new ones.What's your name, girl? 希：哦，她真是粗俗得可爱！（提出折衷办法）好吧，我教你。（对皮尔斯夫人说）不过，她得先把自己洗干净了。把她带下去，皮尔斯夫人。给她洗一洗，把那身可怕的脏衣服全部烧掉。我们给她买新的。姑娘，你叫什么名字？

E: I'm Eliza Doolittle and I'm clean.My clothes went to the laundry when I washed last week.伊：我叫伊莱扎·杜立特尔。我是干净的，上个礼拜才洗过澡。

MP: Well, Mr Higgins has a bathtub of his own and he has a bath every morning.If these two gentlemen teach you, you'll have to do the same.They won't like the smell of you otherwise.管：希金斯先生有自己的浴缸。他每天早晨都要洗澡。如果你要这两位先生教你，你就得照着办。另外，他们不想闻到你身上的那股气味。

E:(sobbing)I can't.I dursn't.It ain't natural and it'd kill me.I've never had a bath in my life;not over my whole body, neither below my waist nor taking my vest off.I'd never have come if I'd known about this disgusting thing you want me to do...伊：（哭泣）我不能，我不敢。这太别扭了，会要我的命的。我这一生从来没有在浴缸里洗澡过，特别是全身浸泡，冲洗腰部以下或者把我的背心拿走我也算是不会洗的。要是我知道你要我做这样的丑事，我是绝不会来的。

H: Once more, take her away, Mrs Pearce, immediately.(Outside Eliza is still weeping with Mrs Pearce)You see the problem, Pickering.It'll be how to teach her grammar, not just pronunciation.She's in need of both.希：我再说一遍，把她带走，皮尔斯夫人，立刻带走。（伊莱扎跟皮尔斯夫人出去了，还在哭泣）皮克林，你看到麻烦了吧。不仅仅是语音问题，还得教语法呢。29 这两个方面她都需要。

CP: And there's another problem, Higgins.What are we going to do once the experiment is over? 皮：希金斯，还有一个问题。一旦试验完成了，我们准备做什么呢？ H:

(heartily)Throw her back.希：（兴奋地）把她扔回去。

CP: But you cannot overlook that!She'll be changed and she has feelings too.We must be practical, mustn't we? 皮：你可不能小看这个问题了！她是会变的，她也是有感情的。我们必须实际一些，难道不是吗？

H: Well, we'll deal with that later.First, we must plan the best way to teach her.希：这个以后再谈吧。首先咱们得制定一个最好的教学计划。

CP: How about beginning with the alphabet.That's usually considered very effective...(fades out as they go offstage together)皮：先从字母教起，怎么样？通常认为那是最有效的……（两人一道朝台下走去，声音逐渐减弱）

9.选修八Unit 5 A VISIT TO THE ZHOUKOUDIAIN CAVES周口店洞穴参观记 A group of students(S)from England has come to the Zhoukoudian caves for a visit.An archaeologist(A)is showing them round.一群英国学生（学）来到周口店洞穴参观，有一位考古学家（考）正领着他们参观。

A: Welcome to the Zhoukoudian caves here in China.It is a great pleasure to meet you students from England, who are interested in archaeology.You must be aware that 30 it's here that we found evidence of some of the earliest people who lived in this part of the world.We've been excavating here for many years and...考：欢迎到中国来参观周口店洞穴。很高兴见到你们这些来自英国并且对考古学感兴趣的学生。你们想必都很清楚，正是在这个地方，我们找到了居住在世界上这个部分最早人类的证据。我们在这儿进行的挖掘工作已经很多年了，而且……S1: I'm sorry to interrupt you but how could they live here? There are only rocks and trees.学1：对不起，打断了你的讲话。请问他们怎么能够住在这个地方呢？这儿只有石头和树木啊。

A: Good question.You are an acute observer.We have found human and animal bones in those caves higher up the hill as well as tools and other objects.So we think it is reasonable to assume they lived in these caves, regardless of the cold.考：问得好。你是个敏锐地观察者。在高山上的那些洞穴里我们找到了人骨和兽骨，还有工具和其他物品。因此，我们有理由认为他们不顾严寒，就住在这些洞穴里。

S2: How did they keep warm? They couldn't have mats, blankets or quilts like we do.It must have been very uncomfortable.学2：那他们是怎样取暖的呢？他们不可能像我们现在这样有垫子、毯子和被子。想必是很不舒服的了。

A: We've discovered fireplaces in the centre of the caves where they made fires.That would have kept them warm, cooked the food and scared wild beasts away as well.We have been excavating layers of ash almost six metres thick, which suggests that they might have kept the fire burning all winter.We haven't found any doors but we think they might have hung animal skins at the cave mouth to keep out the cold during the 31 freezing winter.考：我们发现在洞穴中央有生火用的地炉。他们用地炉里的火来取暖、做饭，还可以用火来吓跑野兽。我们一直在挖掘一层层的积灰，几乎有六米厚，这意味着他们可能整个冬天都在烧火。我们还没有找到门，但我们认为在天寒地冻的冬季他们可能是用兽皮挂在洞口来防寒的。S3: What wild animals were there all that time ago? 学3：在那以前有些什么野兽呢？

A: Well, we've been finding the bones of tigers and bears in the caves, and we think these were their most dangerous enemies.Now what do you think this tells us about the life of these early people?(shows picture of a sewing needle)考：嗯，我们在洞里陆续发现老虎和熊的骨头。我们认为，这些野兽对他们来讲是最危险的敌人了。现在，你们看这个东西能告诉我们有关早期人类生活的什么情况呢？（指着一张画有针线的照片让大家看）

S2.: Gosh!That's a needle.Goodness, does that mean they repaired things? 学2：哎呀，那是一根针。天哪，难道他们还会修补东西吗？ A: What else do you think it might have been used for? 考：除此之外，你认为还可能派别的什么用场吗？

S4: Let me look at it.It's at most three centimetres long.Ah yes, it seems to be made of bone.I wonder how they made the hole for the...学4：让我看看。这个东西最多三厘米长，看起来像是骨头做的。我不知道他们是怎么样做成针眼的。

S2:(interrupting)Do you mean that they made their own clothes? Where did they get the material? 32 学2：（插话）你是不是说他们自己做衣服穿？他们又是从哪里搞到衣料呢？ A: They didn't have material like we have today.Can you guess what they used? 考：他们没有像我们今天穿的这种衣料。你能猜出他们用的是什么吗？

Sl: Wow!Did they wear clothes made entirely of animal skins? How did they prepare them? I'm sure they were quite heavy to cut and sew together.学1：哇，他们穿的衣服全都是用兽皮做的吗？他们那些衣服是怎么做成的？兽皮剪裁并缝起来一定又厚又重啊。

A: Our evidence suggests that they did wear clothes made from animal skins.We continue discovering tools that were sharpeners for other tools.It seems that they used the sharpened stone tools to cut up animals and remove their skin.Then smaller scrapers were probably used to remove the fat and meat from the skin.After that they would rub an ample amount of salt onto the skin to make it soft.Finally, they would cut it and sew the pieces together.Quite a difficult and messy task!Now look at this.(shows a necklace)考：我们有证据表明，他们的确穿的是用兽皮制作的衣服。我们不断发现一些磨削其他工具用的工具。看样子他们可能是用磨尖的石器来切割野兽并剥皮，可能再用小一些的刮子把皮上的脂肪和肉去掉。然后他们可能在兽皮上擦上大量的盐，使皮变柔软。最后进行剪裁，缝起来就成了。确实是既难又脏的活！现在来看看这个吧。（指着一串项链）

S2:Why, it's a primitive necklace.Did early people really care about their appearance like we do? It's lovely!学2：哎呀！这是一条原始的项链吧。早期人类也像我们现在一样讲究外貌吗？太漂亮了！

A:Yes, and so well preserved.What do you think it's made of?.考：是的，还保存得很好呢。你们看看是用什么做的？

S4:Let me see.Oh, I think some of the beads are made of animal bones but others are made of shells.学4：我来摸摸看。我想，有的珠子是用兽骨做的，有的是用贝壳做的，对吗？ A:How clever you are!One bone is actually an animal tooth and the shells are from the seaside.Can you identify any other bones? 考：你真聪明！有块骨头实际上是用野兽的牙齿，贝壳是从海边捡来的。你还认得别的骨头吗？

S1:This one looks very much like a fish bone.Is that reasonable? 学1：这根很像鱼骨头，对吗？

A:Yes, indeed, as the botanical analyses have shown us, all the fields around here used to be part of a large shallow lake.Probably there were fish in it.考：很对。植物学的分析结果明确地告诉我们，这儿四周曾经是一个很大的浅水湖。当时湖里可能是有鱼的。

S3:But a lake is not the sea.We are miles from the sea, so how did the seashells get here? 学3：不过，湖并不是海呀。我们离海还远着呢。那么，贝壳又是怎么来的呢？ A:Perhaps there was trade between early peoples or they travelled to the seaside on their journeys.We know that they moved around, following the herds of animals.They didn't grow their own crops, but picked fruit when it ripened and hunted animals.That's why they are called hunters and gatherers.Now, why don't we go and visit the caves? 考：早期人类之间也许有贸易往来，或者他们也可能旅行到海边去。我们知道，他们跟着兽群四处走。他们并不种植谷物，而是在野果熟了的时候采摘它们并捕 34 杀野兽来充饥。这就是他们被称之为猎人和采摘者的缘故。好了，咱们去参观洞穴好吗？

10.选修八Unit 5 THE FEAST: 18,000 BC公元前一万八千年的一次盛宴

Worried about the preparations for her feast, Lala quickly turned for home with her collection of nuts, melons and other fruit.拉拉担心她这次盛宴的准备工作，所以赶紧把坚果、甜瓜和其他水果收集起来就快步回家了。It was the custom of family groups to separate and then gather again at different sites for reunions as they followed the animal herds across the grasslands.由于在草原上放牧，家族成员先分散开，然后在不同的地方相聚，这是他们的一个习俗。A wrinkle appeared on her forehead.她的额头出现了一道皱纹。If only it could be just like last year!要是能像去年那样就好了！At that time she had been so happy when Dahu chose her as the future mother of his children.当大胡选拉拉作未来孩子的母亲时，她觉得很高兴。He was the best toolmaker in the group and it was a great honour for her to be chosen.他是这个家族中最好的工匠，被他选中对拉拉来说是莫大的荣幸。She remembered the blood pulsing through her veins.她记得那时热血澎湃。She had felt so proud as the group shouted loudly to applaud his choice.当族人为他的选择欢呼鼓掌的时候，拉拉觉得非常自豪。If only she had looked ahead and planned better this year!她今年要是早有预见，计划得更好些就好了！Then she wouldn't have been feeling so worried now.那么她就不会这么担心了。

Having heard wolves howling in the forest, Lala accelerated her walk up the path to the caves fearing that there might be wild beasts lying in wait for her.听见狼群在森林里嚎叫，拉拉加快了回洞穴的步伐，担心会有野兽在等着她。She had no man with his 35 spear to protect her.她身边没有男人拿着矛来保护她。She had almost reached her destination when a delicious smell arrested her progress and she stopped.快到目的地的时候，一阵香气扑鼻，她不往前走了，停了下来。So the men had brought home the meat for the feast!因此那个男人把肉带回了家用来设宴！The smell of cooking meat filled the air surrounding her, and her senses became dizzy with hunger.肉的香味笼罩着她，使她因饥饿而头昏眼花。She could see her mother and the older children preparing the deer and pig meat over the fire.她看到母亲和大一些的孩子在烧烤鹿肉和猪肉，Her aunts were making clothes with animal skins.她姨妈在用兽皮做衣服。Abruptly she sat down, only to be scooped up by her laughing, shouting sister, Luna.突然间她坐了下去，但又被她那又笑又叫的妹妹卢娜一把搂了起来，Lala smiled with relief.拉拉宽慰地笑了，It was good to have her family around her.跟家人在一起实在是太好啦！

Just then a tall man came up behind her.就在这时候，她身后出来了一位高个子男人。He had a large, square face, with strongly pronounced eyebrows and cheekbones.他有一张宽大的方脸，眉毛很重，颧骨突出，Over his shoulder he carried several fish and some pieces of wood under his arm肩上扛着几条大鱼，腋下夹着一些木头。Lala smiled and handed some stone scrapers over to Dahu, who smiled and went outside the cave to begin his task.拉拉对大胡微笑着，递给他一些石头做的刮子。大胡也笑着，走出洞外，开始工作。

First he looked carefully at the scrapers and then went to a corner of the cave and pulled out some more tools.他先朝这些石刮子瞧了瞧，然后走到洞穴的一个角落，拖出来更多的工具。They were in a pile with other sharp arrowheads and stone axe-heads.这些工具同其它一些锐利的箭头和石斧头堆放在一起。He chose one large stone and 36 began to use it like a hammer striking the edge of the scraper that needed sharpening.他选了一个大块石头，用它做锤子敲打一个需要磨快的石刮子边沿。Now and then Dahu would stop, look at it and try it against his hand before continuing his task.他时不时地停下来看看，在手上试一试，然后再继续工作。He stopped when he felt the scrapers were sharp enough to cut up the meat and scrape the fish.当他觉得石刮子够快，可以切肉刮鱼鳞了，他才停下来，As he passed them to Lala, the first of the guests from the neighbouring caves began to arrive for dinner.他把石刮子递给拉拉，这时候，第一批邻近洞穴的客人就开始到来吃饭了。Lala's spirits rose.拉拉情绪高涨起来。Yes, it was going to be just as wonderful as last year!是的，今年的盛宴一定会跟去年一样热闹！She smiled to herself gaily and went out of the cave to welcome her friends and neighbours.她高兴地自己笑着，走出洞外，去欢迎她的朋友和邻居。

第五篇：高中英语选修6课文逐句翻译(人教新课标)

1.选修六Unit1 A SHORT HISTORY OF WESTERN PAINTING 西方绘画艺术简史

Art is influenced by the customs and faith of a people.艺术是受着人民生活习俗和信仰的影响的。Styles in Western art have changed many times.西方的艺术风格经历了多次变革。As there are so many different styles of Western art, it would be impossible to describe all of them in such a short text.由于西方的艺术风格多种多样，在短短的一篇课文里不可能进行全面的描述。Consequently, this text will describe only the most important ones, starting from the sixth century AD.因此,本文只谈及从公元6世纪以来最主要的几种艺术风格。

The Middle Ages(5th to the 15th century AD)中世纪(公元5世纪到15世纪)

During the Middle Ages, the main aim of painters was to represent religious themes.在中世纪,画家的主要任务是把宗教的主题表现出来。A conventional artist of this period was not interested in showing nature and people as they really were.一个传统的艺术家无意于如实地展现自然和人物。A typical picture at this time was full of religious symbols, which created a feeling of respect and love for God.那个时期的典型的绘画充满了宗教的(象)特征,体现出了对上帝的爱戴与敬重。But it was evident that ideas were changing in the 13th century when painters like Giotto di Bondone began to paint religious scenes in a more realistic way.但是,很显然到了13世纪时,观念发生变化,像乔托这样的画家开始以一种比较现实的风格来画宗教场景。The Renaissance(15th to 16th century)文艺复兴时期(15世纪到16世纪)

During the Renaissance, new ideas and values gradually replaced those held in the Middle Ages.在文艺复兴时期,新的思想和价值观逐渐取代了中世纪的思想和价值观。People began to concentrate less on religious themes and adopt a more humanistic attitude to life.人们开始较少关注宗教主题而采取一种更人性化的生活态度。At the same time painters returned to classical Roman and Greek ideas about art.同时画家们回到了罗马、希腊的古典艺术理念上。They tried to paint people and nature as they really were.他们力争如实地画出人物和自然。Rich people wanted to possess their own paintings, so they could decorate their superb palaces and great houses.富人们想拥有自己的艺术品并用来装饰自己的高级宫殿和豪宅They paid famous artists to paint pictures of themselves, their houses and possessions as well as their activities and achievements.,他们出价聘请著名艺术家来为自己画像,画自己的房屋和其他财物,以及他们的活动和成就。

One of the most important discoveries during this period was how to draw things in perspective.在此期间,最重要的发现之一就是如何用透视法来画出事物。This technique was first used by Masaccio in 1428.这一手法是1428年由马赛其奥第一次使用的。When people first saw his paintings, they were convinced that they were looking through a hole in a wall at a real scene.当人们第一次看到他的画时,还以为是透过墙上的小洞来观看真实的场景,并对此深信不疑。If the rules of perspective had not been discovered, no one would have been able to paint such realistic pictures.如没有发现透视法,人们就不可能画出如此逼真的画。By coincidence, oil paints were also developed at this time, which made the colours used in paintings look richer and deeper.巧合的是这一时期油画颜料也得到了发展,它使得绘画的色彩看上去更丰富、更深沉。Without the new paints and the new technique, we would not be able to see the many great masterpieces for which this period is famous.没有新的颜料和新的(绘画)手法,我们就不能看到很多使这一时代著名的杰作。Impressionism(late 19th to early 20th century)印象派时期(19世纪后期到20世纪初期)

In the late 19th century, Europe changed a great deal from a mostly agricultural society to a mostly industrial one.19世纪后期,欧洲发生了巨大的变化,从以农业为主的社会变成了以工业为主的社会。Many people moved from the countryside to the new cities.许多人从农村迁入到新城市。There were many new inventions and social changes.有着许多新发明,还有许多社会变革。Naturally, these changes also led to new painting styles.这些变革也自然而然地促成了新的绘画风格。Among the painters who broke away from the traditional style of painting were the Impressionists, who lived and worked in Paris.在那些突破传统画法的画家中有生活和工作在法国巴黎的印象派画家。

The Impressionists were the first painters to work outdoors.印象派画家是第一批室外写景的画家。They were eager to show how light and shadow fell on objects at different times of day.他们急切地想把一天中不同时间投射到物体上的光线和阴影呈现出来。However, because natural light changes so quickly, the Impressionists had to paint quickly.然而由于自然光的变化很快,印象派画家们必须很快地作画,Their paintings were not as detailed as those of earlier painters.因此,他们的画就不像以前那些画家们的画那样细致了。At first, many people disliked this style of painting and became very angry about it.起初,许多人都不喜欢这种画法,甚至还怒不可遏。They said that the painters were careless and their paintings were ridiculous.他们说这些画家作画时漫不经心、粗枝大叶,而他们的作品更是荒谬可笑。Modern Art(20th century to today)现代艺术(20世纪至今)

At the time they were created, the Impressionist paintings were controversial, but today they are accepted as the beginning of what we call “modern art”.在印象派作品的创建初期,它们是存在着争议的,但是如今己被人们接受而成为现在我们所说的“现代艺术”的始祖了。This is because the Impressionists encouraged artists to look at their environment in new ways.这是因为印象派鼓励画家用一种崭新的视角看待他们的环境。There are scores of modern art styles, but without the Impressionists, many of these painting styles might not exist.如今,现代艺术风格有好几十种,然而如果没有印象派,那么这许多不同的风格就不可能存在。On the one hand, some modern art is abstract;that is, the painter does not attempt to paint objects as we see them with our eyes, but instead concentrates on certain qualities of the object, using colour, line and shape to represent them.一方面,有些现代艺术是抽象的,也就是说,画家并不打算把我们眼睛看到的东西如实地画出来,而是集中展现物体的某些品质特性,用色彩、线条和形状把它们呈现出来。On the other hand, some paintings of modern art are so realistic that they look like photographs.而另一方面,有些现代派的艺术作品却是那么写实,看上去就像是照片。These styles are so different.这些风格如此不同。Who can predict what painting styles there will be in the future?谁能预言将来会有什么样的绘画艺术风格?

2.选修六Unit 1 THE BEST OF MANHATTAN’S ART GALLERIES曼哈顿艺术画廊荟萃 The Frick Collection(5th Avenue and E.70th Street)弗里克收藏馆(第5大道和第70街大道之间)

Many art lovers would rather visit this small art gallery than any other in New York.在纽约,比起其他艺术馆许多艺术爱好者都更乐意参观这家小型艺术陈列馆。Henry Clay Frick, a rich New Yorker, died in 1919, leaving his house, furniture and art collection to the American people.亨利·克莱·弗里克是纽约的一位富豪,于1919年去世,把他的房子、家具和艺术收藏品全部留给了美国人民。Frick had a preference for pre-twentieth century Western paintings, and these are well-represented in this excellent collection.弗里克对20世纪以前的西方绘画有偏爱,而在这个陈列馆的珍藏品里这些绘画得以很好展出。You can also explore Frick's beautiful home and garden which are well worth a Visit.你还可以好好考察一下弗里克美丽的故居和花园,它们是很值得一看的。Guggenheim Museum(5th Avenue and 88th Street)古根海姆博物馆(第5大道和第88街交汇处)

This museum owns 5,000 superb modern paintings, sculptures and drawings.这家博物馆拥有5000幅非常好的现代油画、雕塑和素描。These art works are not all displayed at the same time.The exhibition is always changing.这些艺术品并不是同时展出的,展品总是在不断地更换。It will appeal to those who love Impressionist and Post-Impressionist paintings.展览将吸引印象派和后印象派作品的爱好者。The Guggenheim Museum building is also world-famous.古根海姆博物馆的大楼也是世界闻名的。When you walk into gallery, you feel as if you were inside a fragile, white seashell.当你走进画廊的时候,你会觉得你进入了一个易碎的白色贝壳之中。The best way to see the paintings is to start from the top floor and walk down to the bottom.看画展最好是从顶层看起,一直往下看到底层。There are no stairs just a circular path.The museum also has an excellent restaurant.展厅里没有楼梯,只有一条环形的小道。博物馆里还有一家极好的餐馆。

Metropolitan Museum of Art(5th Avenue and 82nd Street)大都会艺术博物馆(第5大道与第82街交汇处)

The reputation of this museum lies in the variety of its art collection.这家博物馆以收藏艺术品种类繁多而享有盛名。This covers more than 5,000 years of civilization from many parts of the world, including America, Europe, China, Egypt, other African countries and South America.它的艺术品收藏涵盖了5000多年来世界上众多国家的文明史,其中包括美洲、欧洲、中国、埃及、其他非洲国家和南美洲。The museum displays more than just the visual delights of art.It introduces you to ancient ways of living.这家博物馆展出的不只是可以看得见的艺术之美,它还向你介绍了古代的生活方式。You can visit an Egyptian temple, a fragrant Ming garden, a typical room in an 18th century French house and many other special exhibitions.你可以看到埃及的寺庙,馥郁的明朝花园,18世纪法国住宅中的典型房间,以及许多其他特殊展品。Museum of Modern Art(53rd Street, between 5th and 6th Avenues)现代艺术博物馆(第53街,位于第5和第6大道之间)

It is amazing that so many great works of art from the late 19th century to the 21st century are housed in the same museum.令人惊奇的是,在同一家博物馆里竟能容纳下19世纪后期到21世纪的如此众多的名家巨作。The collection of Western art includes paintings by such famous artists as Monet, Van Gogh, Picasso and Matisse.西方艺术的收藏包括有莫奈、凡高、毕加索和马蒂斯等著名艺术家的作品。A few words of warning: the admission price is not cheap and the museum is often very crowded.有几句话需要提醒你注意:博物馆票价不菲,而且常常十分拥挤。

Whitney Museum of American Art(945 Madison Avenue, near 75th Street)惠特尼美国艺术博物馆(麦迪逊大道945号,靠近第75街)

The Whitney holds an excellent collection of contemporary American painting and sculpture.惠特尼博物馆藏有极好的当代美国绘画和雕塑品。There are no permanent displays in this museum and exhibitions change all the time.馆内没有永久性的展出,展品都是随时更换的。Every two years, the Whitney holds a special exhibition of new art by living artists.惠特尼博物馆每两年有一次特殊的展览,展品是仍然在世的艺术家们的新作。The museum also shows videos and films by contemporary video artists.这家博物馆还展出当代影视艺术家的录像和电影作品。

3.选修六Unit 2 A FEW SIMPLE FORMS OF ENGLISH POEMS 简体英文诗

There are various reasons why people write poetry.人们写诗有着各种各样的理由。Some poems tell a story or describe something in a way that will give the reader a strong impression.有些诗是为了叙事，或者说是描述某件事并给读者以强烈的印象。Others try to convey certain emotions.而有些诗则是为了传达某种感情。Poets use many different forms of poetry to express themselves.诗人用许多不同风格的诗来表达自己的情感。In this text, however, we will look at a few of the simpler forms.本文只谈了几种格式比较简单的诗。

Some of the first poetry a young child learns in English is nursery rhymes.孩子们最早学习的英文诗是童谣。These rhymes like the one on the right(A)are still a common type of children's poetry.像右边的这首童谣（A）至今仍然是常见的。The language is concrete but imaginative, and they delight small children because they rhyme, have strong rhythm and a lot of repetition.童谣的语言具体但富有想象力，这使得小孩子们快乐，因为它们押韵，节奏感强，并较多重复。The poems may not make sense and even seem contradictory, but they are easy to learn and recite.童谣不一定有什么意义，甚至有的看来自相矛盾，但是它们容易学，也容易背诵。By playing with the words in nursery rhymes, children learn about language.通过童谣中的文字游戏，孩子们学习了语言。（A）

Hush, little baby, don't say a word,小宝宝，别说话，Papa's going to buy you a mockingbird.爸爸给你买个小嘲鸟。If that mockingbird won't sing,小嘲鸟，不会唱，Papa's going to buy you a diamond ring.爸爸给你买个钻石戒。If that diamond ring turns to brass,钻石戒，变成铜，Papa's going to buy you a looking-glass.爸爸给你买个小镜子。If that looking-glass gets broke,小镜子，打破了，Papa's going to buy you a billy-goat.爸爸给你买个小山羊。If that billy-goat runs away,小山羊，跑掉了。

Papa's going to buy you another today.爸爸今天再去给你买一只。

One of the simplest kinds of poems are those like B and C that list things.像（B）和（C）这样的列举事物的清单诗是诗歌中最简单的一种。List poems have a flexible line length and repeated phrases which give both a pattern and a rhythm to the poem.清单诗可长可短，可以重复一些短语，较为灵活。形成固定句型和诗的节奏。Some rhyme(like B)while others do not(like C).有些清单诗有韵脚（如B）,但有一些没有（如C）。（B）

I saw a fish-pond all on fire我看到鱼塘在燃烧 I saw a fish-pond all on fire,我看到鱼塘在燃烧，I saw a house bow to a squire,我看到房子向地主哈腰，I saw a person twelve-feet high,我看到人高一丈八，I saw a cottage in the sky,我看到茅屋在天郊。I saw a balloon made of lead,我看到气球用铅做，I saw a coffin drop down dead,我看到棺材把死人抛。I saw two sparrows run a race,我看到两只麻雀在赛跑，I saw two horses making lace,我看到两匹马儿绣花包。I saw a girl just like a cat,我看到姑娘像只猫，I saw a kitten wear a hat,我看到小猫带花帽。I saw a man who saw these too,我看到有人在一旁瞄，And said though strange they all were true.虽奇怪，但也把实情报。（C）

Our first football match我们的第一场球赛 We would have won...我们本来会得冠军…… if Jack had scored that goal,如果杰克踢进了那个球，if we'd had just a few more minutes,如果我们还有几分钟，if we had trained harder,如果我们训练的更严格，if Ben had passed the ball to Joe,如果本把球传给了乔，if we'd had thousands of fans screaming,如果有大批球迷助威，if I hadn't taken my eye off the ball,如果我死死盯住球，if we hadn't stayed up so late the night before,如果我们头晚不熬夜，if we hadn't taken it easy,如果我们没有放松警惕，if we hadn't run out of energy.如果我们没有精疲力竭，We would have won...我们本来是会的冠军的…… if we'd been better!如果我们能干的更好！

Another simple form of poem that students can easily write is the cinquain, a poem made up of five lines.另外一种学生容易写的简体诗是由五行组成的，叫做五行诗。With these, students can convey a strong picture in just a few words.用五行诗，学生可以用少量的词语传递一幅动人的画面。Look at the examples(D and E)on the top of the next page.请看下一页上端的D和E两个例子。（D）Brother兄弟

Beautiful, athletic爱美，又爱运动

Teasing, shouting, laughing爱闹，爱叫，又爱笑 Friend and enemy too是我的朋友 Mine也是我的敌人（E）Summer夏天

Sleepy, salty困乏，咸涩

Drying, drooping, dreading干涸，枯萎，恐怖 Week in, week out周而复始 Endless永无止境

Haiku is a Japanese form of poetry that is made up of 17 syllables.俳句诗（Haiku）是一种日本诗，由17个音节组成。It is not a traditional form of English poetry, but is very popular with English writers.它不属于英诗的传统形式，但是在用英语写作的人们中间，这种诗也是很流行的。It is easy to write and, like the cinquain , can give a clear picture and create a special feeling using the minimum of words.它容易写，而且像五行诗一样，它可以用最少的词语呈现出一幅清晰的画面，表达出一种特殊的感情。The two haiku poems(F and G)above are translations from the Japanese.下面两首俳句诗（右边的F和G）就是从日文翻译过来的。（F）

A fallen blossom落下的花朵

Is coming back to the branch.回到了树枝上。Look, a butterfly!瞧啊，是只蝴蝶！(by Moritake)（作者：Moritake）（G）

Snow having melted,雪儿融化了，The whole village is brimful整个村庄充满着 Of happy children.欢乐的儿童。(by Issa)（作者：Issa）

Did you know that English speakers also enjoy other forms of Asian poetryall of which will make life for human beings better." 汉布利实际上是这样说的： “二氧化碳含量的增加实际上是件好事，它使植物成长更快，庄稼产量更高，还会促进动物的生长——所有这些都能改善人类的生活。”

Greenhouse gases continue to build up in the atmosphere.温室气体继续在大气层中聚集。Even if we start reducing the amount of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases, the climate is going to keep on warming for decades or centuries.即使我们开始减少二氧化碳和其他温室气体的含量，在（未来）几十年或几个世纪内，气候仍会持续转暖。No one knows the effects of global warming.没有人知道全球变暖带来什么样的影响。Does that mean we should do nothing? 这是不是意味着我们就不必采取任何措施呢？Or, are the risks too great? 还是说，这样不采取任何措施危险性会很大呢？

8.选修六Unit4 WHAT CAN WE DO ABOUT GLOBAL WARMING? 关于全球变暖，我们能干些什么呢？ Dear Earth Care, 亲爱的“关爱地球”组织：

I am doing a project on behalf of my school about global warming.我正代表学校做一项关于全球变暖的课题研究。Sometimes I feel that individuals can have little effect on such huge environmental problems.有时候我觉得，像这样一个巨大的环境问题，个人是起不了什么作用的。However, I still think people should advocate improvements in the way we use energy today.然而我仍然认为人们应该支持改善日常能源的消耗方式。As I'm not sure where to start with my project, 由于我还不清楚我该从哪里着手开始我的研究。I would appreciate any suggestions you may have.我希望能得到你们的建议。Thank you!谢谢！Ouyang Guang欧阳光

Dear Ouyang Guang, 亲爱的欧阳光：

There are many people who have a commitment like yours, but they do not believe they have the power to do anything to improve our environment.有许多人承担你这样的义务，而他们不相信自己有能力来影响环境。That is not true.这种想法是不正确的。Together, individuals can make a difference.众人拾柴火焰高。We do not have to put up with pollution.我们不必去忍受污染。

The growth of the greenhouse gas, carbon dioxide in the air actually comes as a result of many things we do every day.空气中的温室气体，二氧化碳的增长的确是来自我们许多的日常活动。Here are a few suggestions on how to reduce it.这儿有几条关于减少空气中二氧化碳含量的建议。They should get you started with your project.这些建议应当能够促进你的研究。1 We use a lot of energy in our houses.It is OK to leave an electrical appliance on so long as you are using itthis includes cars as well as smaller things like fridges and microwaves.4.劝你的父母去买那些节约能源的产品，包括汽车和像冰箱、微波炉之类的小件物品。5 Plant trees in your garden or your school yard, as they absorb carbon dioxide from the air and refresh your spirit when you look at them.5.在你的花园或校园里栽种树木，它们能吸收空气中的二氧化碳，还能在你观赏的时候使你感觉清爽。Finally and most importantly, be an educator.Talk with your family and friends about global warming and tell them what you have learned.6.最后，也是最重要的是，做一个教育者。同你的家人和朋友谈一谈全球变暖的问题，并把你学到的东西告诉他们。Rememberthe volcano.然而，最重要的是，通过我的工作能保护普通百姓免遭火山的威胁——这是世界上最大的自然威力之一。

I was appointed as a volcanologist working for the Hawaiian Volcano Observatory(HVO)twenty years ago.作为一名火山学家，我被派到夏威夷火山观测站（HVO）工作。My job is collecting information for a database about Mount Kilauea, which is one of the most active volcanoes in Hawaii.我的任务是收集有关基拉韦厄火山的数据资料，这是夏威夷最活跃的火山之一。Having collected and evaluated the information, I help other scientists to predict where lava from the volcano will flow next and how fast.收集和评估了这些信息之后，我就帮助其他科学家一起预测下次火山熔岩将往何处流去，流速多少。Our work has saved many lives because people in the path of the lava can be warned to leave their houses.我们的工作拯救了许多人的生命，因为熔岩要流经之地，老百姓都可以得到离开家园的通知。Unfortunately, we cannot move their homes out of the way, and many houses have been covered with lava or burned to the ground.遗憾的是，我们不可能把他们的家搬离岩浆流过的地方，因此，许多房屋被熔岩淹没，或者焚烧殆尽。

When boiling rock erupts from a volcano and crashes back to earth, it causes less damage than you might imagine.当滚烫的岩石从火山喷发出来并撞回地面时，它所造成的损失比想象的要小些，This is because no one lives near the top of Mount Kilauea, where the rocks fall.这是因为在岩石下落的基拉韦厄火山顶附近无人居住。The lava that flows slowly like a wave down the mountain causes far more damage because it buries everything in its path under the molten rock.而顺着山坡下流的火山熔岩所造成的损失却大得多，这是因为火山岩浆所流经的地方，一切东西都被掩埋在熔岩下面了。However, the eruption itself is really exciting to watch and I shall never forget my first sight of one.然而火山喷发本身的确是很壮观的，我永远也忘不了我第一次看见火山喷发时的情景。It was in the second week after I arrived in Hawaii.那是在我抵达夏威夷后的第二个星期。Having worked hard all day, I went to bed early.那天我辛辛苦苦等干了一整天，很早就上床睡觉了。I was fast asleep when suddenly my bed began shaking and I heard a strange sound, like a railway train passing my window.我在熟睡中突然感到床铺在摇晃，接着我听到一阵奇怪的声音，就好像有列火车在我的窗外行驶一样。Having experienced quite a few earthquakes in Hawaii already, I didn't take much notice.因为我在夏威夷曾经经历过多次地震，所以对这种声音我并不在意。I was about to go back to sleep when suddenly my bedroom became as bright as day.我刚要再睡，突然我的卧室亮如白昼。I ran out of the house into the back garden where I could see Mount Kilauea in the distance.我赶紧跑出房间，来到后花园，在那儿我能远远地看见基拉韦厄火山。There had been an eruption from the side of the mountain and red hot lava was fountaining hundreds of metres into the air.在山的一边有火山喷发，红色发烫的岩浆像喷泉一样，朝天上喷射达几百米高。It was an absolutely fantastic sight.真是绝妙的奇景！

The day after this eruption I was lucky enough to have a much closer look at it.就在这次火山喷发的第二天，我有幸做了一次近距离的观察。Two other scientists and I were driven up the mountain and dropped as close as possible to the crater that had been formed during the eruption.我和另外两位科学家驱车上山，到最靠近这次火山喷口的地方才下车。Having earlier collected special clothes from the observatory, we put them on before we went any closer.早先从观测站出发时就带了一些特别的安全服，于是我们穿上安全服再走近火山口。All three of us looked like spacemen.我们三个人看上去就像宇航员一样，We had white protective suits that covered our whole body, helmets, big boots and special gloves.我们都穿着白色的防护服遮住全身，戴上了头盔和特别的手套，还穿了一双大靴子。It was not easy to walk in these suits, but we slowly made our way to the edge of the crater and looked down into the red, boiling centre.穿着这些衣服走起路来实在不容易，但是我们还是缓缓往火山口的边缘走去，并且向下看到了红红的沸腾的中央。The other two climbed down into the crater to collect some lava for later study, but this being my first experience, I stayed at the top and watched them.另外两人攀下火山口去收集供日后研究用的岩浆，我是第一次经历这样的事，所以留在山顶上观察他们。

Today, I am just as enthusiastic about my job as the day I first started.如今，我和当初从事这项工作时一样满怀热情。Having studied volcanoes now for many years, I am still amazed at their beauty as well as their potential to cause great damage.虽然我从事火山研究很多年了，但是我对火山的壮丽景色以及它那潜在的巨大破坏力至今仍然感到惊愕不已。

10.选修六Unit5 THE LRKE OF HERVEN天上的湖（天池）

Changbaishan is in Jilin Province, Northeast China.Much of this beautiful, mountainous area is thick forest.长白山在东北的吉林省，这个美丽的山区大部分是茂密的林区。Changbaishan is China's largest nature reserve and it is kept in its natural state for the people of China and visitors from all over the world to enjoy.长白山是中国最大的自然保护区，保持着它的原始状态，以供中国人民和世界各地的游客欣赏。The height of the land varies from 700 metres above sea level to over 2,000 metres and is home to a great diversity of rare plants and animals.这里地面的高度从海拔700米到2000多米不等，是多种多样动物植物的生长地。Among the rare animals are cranes, black bears, leopards and tigers.珍稀动物有白鹤、黑熊、豹子和虎。Many people come to Changbaishan to study its unique plants and animals.许多人到长白山来研究珍奇的动植物。Others come to walk in the mountains, to see the spectacular waterfalls or to bathe in the hot water pools.另外一些人则是到山里来走一走，看看那些蔚为壮观的瀑布，或者在温水池里泡个澡。However, the attraction that arouses the greatest appreciation in the reserve is Tianchi or the Lake of Heaven.然而保护区里最令人欣赏的地方则是天池，或者说是天上的湖。

Tianchi is a deep lake that has formed in the crater of a dead volcano on top of the mountain.天池是一个深水湖，是由山顶的一个死火山的火山口形成的。The lake is 2,194 metres above sea level, and more than 200 metres deep.In winter the surface freezes over.海拔高度为2194米，水的深度超过200米，到冬天湖面就全部结冰了。It takes about an hour to climb from the end of the road to the top of the mountain.从路的尽头到山顶约需一个小时。When you arrive you are rewarded not only with the sight of its clear waters, but also by the view of the other sixteen mountain peaks that surround Tianchi.你一到达山顶就会得到回报——你不仅可以看到天池那清澈如镜的湖水，而且还可以看到四周的16座山峰。

There are many stories told about Tianchi.The most well-known concerns three young women from heaven.天池有着许多传说故事，其中最著名的是关于从天上下凡的三位少女的故事。They were bathing in Tainchi when a bird flew above them and dropped a small fruit onto the dress of the youngest girl.她们在天池洗澡时，突然有一只鸟飞到她们的上方，把一个小小的水果扔在最年轻的姑娘的衣服上。When she picked up the fruit to smell it, it flew into her mouth.当她拿起来闻的时候，它飞进了她的嘴里。Having swallowed the fruit, the girl became pregnant and later gave birth to a handsome boy.姑娘吞食了这个果子，后来就怀孕了。过了一段时间，她生下了一个漂亮的男孩。It is said that this boy, who had a great gift for languages and persuasion, is the father of the Manchu people.据说这个男孩就是满族人的祖先，具有语言天赋和很强的说服力。

If you are lucky enough to visit the Lake of Heaven with your loved one, don't forget to drop a coin into the clear blue water to guarantee your love will be as deep and lasting as the lake itself.如果你有幸同你所爱的人去游天池，别忘了投一枚硬币到清澈碧蓝的水中，以确保你们的爱情像湖水一样深厚、持久。