温家宝总理在哥本哈根气候峰会上的讲话(英语)（推荐阅读）

第一篇：温家宝总理在哥本哈根气候峰会上的讲话(英语)

Full text of Chinese premier's address at Copengagen

Climate Change Summit

Prime Minister Rasmussen, Dear Colleagues，At this very moment, billions of people across the world are following closely what is happening here in Copenhagen.The will that we express and the commitments that we make here should help push forward mankind's historical process of combating climate change.Standing at this podium, I am deeply aware of the heavy responsibility.Climate change is a major global challenge.It is the common mission of the entire mankind to curb global warming and save our planet.It is incumbent upon all of us, each and every country, nation, enterprise and individual to act, and act now in response to this challenge.The past 30 years have seen remarkable progress in China's modernization drive.Let me share with you here that China has taken climate change very seriously in the course of its development.Bearing in mind the fundamental interests of the Chinese people and mankind's long-term development, we have exerted unremitting effort and made positive contribution to the fight against climate change.China was the first developing country to adopt and implement a National Climate Change Program.We have formulated or revised the Energy Conservation Law, Renewable Energy Law, Circular Economy Promotion Law, Clean Production Promotion Law, Forest Law, Grassland Law and Regulations on Civil Building Efficiency.Laws and regulations have been an important means for us to address climate change.China has made the most intensive efforts in energy conservation and pollution reduction in recent years.We have improved the taxation system and advanced the pricing reform of resource products with a view to putting in place at an early date a pricing mechanism that is responsive to market supply and demand, resource scarcity level and the cost of environmental damage.We have introduced 10 major energy conservation projects and launched an energy conservation campaign involving 1,000 enterprises, bringing energy-saving action to industry, transportation, construction and other key sectors.We have implemented pilot projects on circular economy, promoted energy-saving and environment-friendly vehicles and supported the use of energy-saving products by ordinary households with government subsidies.We have worked hard to phase out backward production facilities that are energy intensive and heavily polluting.The inefficient production capacity that China eliminated between 2006and 2008 stood at 60.59 地址：山西省太原市和平南路45号英语周报社网络中心

电话：0351—6378335

million tons for iron, 43.47 million tons of steel, 140 million tons for cement and 64.45 million tons for coke.By the end of the first half of this year, China's energy consumption per unit of GDP had dropped by 13 percent from the 2005 level, equivalent to reducing 800 million tons of carbon dioxide.--China has enjoyed the fastest growth of new energy and renewable energy.On the basis of protecting the eco-environment, we have developed hydro power in an orderly way, actively developed nuclear power, and encouraged and supported the development of renewable energy including biomass, solar and geothermal energy and wind power in the countryside, remote areas and other places with the proper conditions.Between 2005 and 2008,renewable energy increased by 51 percent, representing an annual growth rate of 14.7 percent.In 2008, the use of renewable energy reached an equivalent of 250 million tons of standard coal.A total of 30.5 million rural households gained access to bio-gas, equivalent to a reduction of 49 million tons of carbon dioxide emissions.China ranked first in the world in terms of installed hydro power capacity, nuclear power capacity under construction, the coverage of solar water heating panels and photovoltaic power capacity.--China has the largest area of man-made forests in the world.We have continued with the large-scale endeavor to return to farmland to forest and expand a forestation, and made vigorous effort to increase forest carbon sink.Between 2003 and 2008, China's forest coverage registered a net increase of 20.54 million hectares and forest stock volume rose by 1.123 billion cubic meters.The total area of man-made forests in China has reached 45million hectares, the largest in the world.China has a 1.3 billion population and its per capita GDP has only exceeded 3,000 U.S.dollars.According to the U.N.standards, we still have 150 million people living below the poverty line and we therefore face the arduous task of developing the economy and improving people's livelihood.China is now at an important stage of accelerated industrialization and urbanization, and, given the predominant role of coal in our energy mix, we are confronted with special difficulty in emission reduction.However, we have always regarded addressing climate change as an important strategic task.Between 1990 and 2005, China's carbon dioxide emissions per unit of GDP were reduced by 46 percent.Building on that, we have set the new target of cutting carbon dioxide emissions per unit of GDP by 40-45 percent by 2020 from the 2005 level.To reduce carbon dioxide emissions on such a large scale and over such an extended period of time will require tremendous efforts on our part.Our target will be incorporated into China's mid-and-long term plan for national economic and social development as a mandatory one to ensure that its implementation is subject to the supervision by the law and public opinions.We will further enhance the domestic-statistical, monitoring and evaluation methods, improve the way for releasing emission reduction information, increase transparency and actively engage in international exchange, dialogue and cooperation.地址：山西省太原市和平南路45号英语周报社网络中心

电话：0351—6378335

Dear Colleagues，To meet the climate challenge, the international community must strengthen confidence, build consensus, make vigorous effort and enhance cooperation.And we must always adhere to the following three principles:

First, maintaining the consistency of outcomes:

The campaign against climate change has not just started.In fact, the international community has been engaged in this endeavor for decades.The United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change and the Kyoto Protocol are the outcomes of long and hard work by all countries.They reflect the broad consensus among all parties and serve as the legal basis and guide for international cooperation on climate change.And as such, they must be highly valued and further strengthened and developed.The outcome of this conference must stick to rather than obscure the basic principles enshrined in the Convention and the Protocol.It must follow rather than deviate from the mandate of the “Bali Roadmap”.It should lock up rather than deny the consensus and progress already achieved in the negotiations.Second, upholding the fairness of rules:

The principle of “common but differentiated responsibilities ”represents the core and bedrock of international cooperation on climate change and it must never be compromised.Developed countries account for 80 percent of the total global carbon dioxide emissions since the Industrial Revolution over 200 years ago.If we all agree that carbon dioxide emissions are the direct cause for climate change, then it is all too clear who should take the primary responsibility.Developing countries only started industrialization a few decades ago and many of their people still live in abject poverty today.It is totally unjustified to ask them to undertake emission reduction targets beyond their due obligations and capabilities in disregard of historical responsibilities, per capita emissions and different levels of development.Developed countries, which are already leading an affluent life, still maintain a level of per capita emissions that is far higher than that of developing countries, and most of their emissions are attributed to consumption.In comparison, emissions from developing countries are primarily survival emissions and international transfer emissions.Today, 2.4 billion people in the world still rely on coal, charcoal, and stalks as main fuels, and 1.6 billion people have no access to electricity.Action on climate change must be taken within the framework of sustainable development and should by no means compromise the efforts of developing countries to get rid of poverty and backwardness.Developed countries must take the lead in making deep quantified emission cuts and provide financial and technological support to developing countries.This is an unshirkable moral responsibility as well as a legal obligation that they must fulfill.Developing countries should, with the financial and technological support of 地址：山西省太原市和平南路45号英语周报社网络中心

电话：0351—6378335

developed countries, do what they can to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions and adapt to climate change in the light of their national conditions.And third, paying attention to the practicality of the targets:

There is a Chinese proverb which goes, “A one-thousand-mile journey starts with the first step.” Similarly, there is a saying in the West which reads, “Rome was not built in one day.” In tackling climate change, we need to take a long-term perspective, but more importantly, we should focus on the present.The Kyoto Protocol has clearly set out the emission reduction targets for developed countries in the first commitment period by 2012.However, a review of implementation shows that the emissions from many developed countries have increased rather than decreased.And the mid-term reduction targets recently announced by developed countries fall considerably short of the requirements of the Convention and the expectations of the international community.Itis necessary to set a direction for our long-term efforts, but it is even more important to focus on achieving near-term and mid-term reduction targets, honoring the commitments already made and taking real action.One action is more useful than a dozen programs.We should give people hope by taking credible actions.Fourth, ensure the effectiveness of institutions and mechanisms:

Concrete actions and institutional guarantee are essential to our effort on tackling climate change.The international community should make concrete and effective institutional arrangements under the Convention and urge developed countries to honor their commitments, provide sustained and sufficient financial support to developing countries, speed up the transfer of climate-friendly technologies and effectively help developing countries, especially small island states, least developed countries, landlocked countries and African countries, strengthen their capacity in combating climate change.I wish to conclude by underlining that it is with a sense of responsibility to the Chinese people and the whole mankind that the Chinese government has set the target for mitigating greenhouse gas emissions.This is a voluntary action China has taken in the light of its national circumstances.We have not attached any condition to the target, nor have we linked it to the target of any other country.We will honor our word with real action.Whatever outcome this conference may produce, we will be fully committed to achieving and even exceeding the target.Thank you.地址：山西省太原市和平南路45号英语周报社网络中心

电话：0351—6378335

第二篇：温家宝哥本哈根气候大会讲话2009

凝聚共识 加强合作 推进应对气候变化历史进程

——在哥本哈根气候变化会议领导人会议上的讲话

中华人民共和国国务院总理 温家宝（２００９年１２月１８日 哥本哈根）

拉斯穆森首相阁下，各位同事：

此时此刻，全世界几十亿人都在注视着哥本哈根。我们在此表达的意愿和做出的承诺，应当有利于推动人类应对气候变化的历史进程。站在这个讲坛上，我深感责任重大。

气候变化是当今全球面临的重大挑战。遏制气候变暖，拯救地球家园，是全人类共同的使命，每个国家和民族，每个企业和个人，都应当责无旁贷地行动起来。

12月18日，中国国务院总理温家宝在哥本哈根出席联合国气候变化大会领导人会议。这是温家宝在会上发表讲话。

近三十年来，中国现代化建设取得的成就已为世人瞩目。在这里我还要告诉各位，中国在发展的进程中高度重视气候变化问题，从中国人民和人类长远发展的根本利益出发，为应对气候变化做出了不懈努力和积极贡献。

——中国是最早制定实施《应对气候变化国家方案》的发展中国家。先后制定和修订了节约能源法、可再生能源法、循环经济促进法、清洁生产促进法、森林法、草原法和民用建筑节能条例等一系列法律法规，把法律法规作为应对气候变化的重要手段。——中国是近年来节能减排力度最大的国家。我们不断完善税收制度，积极推进资源性产品价格改革，加快建立能够充分反映市场供求关系、资源稀缺程度、环境损害成本的价格形成机制。全面实施十大重点节能工程和千家企业节能计划，在工业、交通、建筑等重点领域开展节能行动。深入推进循环经济试点，大力推广节能环保汽车，实施节能产品惠民工程。推动淘汰高耗能、高污染的落后产能，２００６至２００８年共淘汰低能效的炼铁产能６０５９万吨、炼钢产能４３４７万吨、水泥产能１．４亿吨、焦炭产能６４４５万吨。截至今年上半年，中国单位国内生产总值能耗比２００５年降低１３％，相当于少排放８亿吨二氧化碳。

——中国是新能源和可再生能源增长速度最快的国家。我们在保护生态基础上，有序发展水电，积极发展核电，鼓励支持农村、边远地区和条件适宜地区大力发展生物质能、太阳能、地热、风能等新型可再生能源。２００５年至２００８年，可再生能源增长５１％，年均增长１４．７％。２００８年可再生能源利用量达到２．５亿吨标准煤。农村有３０５０万户用上沼气，相当于少排放二氧化碳４９００多万吨。水电装机容量、核电在建规模、太阳能热水器集热面积和光伏发电容量均居世界第一位。

——中国是世界人工造林面积最大的国家。我们持续大规模开展退耕还林和植树造林，大力增加森林碳汇。２００３至２００８年，森林面积净增２０５４万公顷，森林蓄积量净增１１．２３亿立方米。目前人工造林面积达５４００万公顷，居世界第一。

中国有１３亿人口，人均国内生产总值刚刚超过３０００美元，按照联合国标准，还有１．５亿人生活在贫困线以下，发展经济、改善民生的任务十分艰巨。我国正处于工业化、城镇化快速发展的关键阶段，能源结构以煤为主，降低排放存在特殊困难。但是，我们始终把应对气候变化作为重要战略任务。１９９０至２００５年，单位国内生产总值二氧化碳排放强度下降４６％。在此基础上，我们又提出，到２０２０年单位国内生产总值二氧化碳排放比２００５年下降４０％－４５％，在如此长时间内这样大规模降低二氧化碳排放，需要付出艰苦卓绝的努力。我们的减排目标将作为约束性指标纳入国民经济和社会发展的中长期规划，保证承诺的执行受到法律和舆论的监督。我们将进一步完善国内统计、监测、考核办法，改进减排信息的披露方式，增加透明度，积极开展国际交流、对话与合作。

12月18日，中国国务院总理温家宝在哥本哈根出席联合国气候变化大会领导人会议。

各位同事，应对气候变化需要国际社会坚定信心，凝聚共识，积极努力，加强合作。必须始终牢牢把握以下几点：

第一，保持成果的一致性。应对气候变化不是从零开始的，国际社会已经为之奋斗了几十年。《联合国气候变化框架公约》及其《京都议定书》是各国经过长期艰苦努力取得的成果，凝聚了各方的广泛共识，是国际合作应对气候变化的法律基础和行动指南，必须倍加珍惜、巩固发展。本次会议的成果必须坚持而不能模糊公约及其议定书的基本原则，必须遵循而不能偏离“巴厘路线图”的授权，必须锁定而不能否定业已达成的共识和谈判取得的进展。

第二，坚持规则的公平性。“共同但有区别的责任”原则是国际合作应对气候变化的核心和基石，应当始终坚持。近代工业革命２００年来，发达国家排放的二氧化碳占全球排放总量的８０％。如果说二氧化碳排放是气候变化的直接原因，谁该承担主要责任就不言自明。无视历史责任，无视人均排放和各国的发展水平，要求近几十年才开始工业化、还有大量人口处于绝对贫困状态的发展中国家承担超出其应尽义务和能力范围的减排目标，是毫无道理的。发达国家如今已经过上富裕生活，但仍维持着远高于发展中国家的人均排放，且大多属于消费型排放；相比之下，发展中国家的排放主要是生存排放和国际转移排放。今天全球仍有２４亿人以煤炭、木炭、秸秆为主要燃料，有１６亿人没有用上电。应对气候变化必须在可持续发展的框架下统筹安排，决不能以延续发展中国家的贫穷和落后为代价。发达国家必须率先大幅量化减排并向发展中国家提供资金和技术支持，这是不可推卸的道义责任，也是必须履行的法律义务。发展中国家应根据本国国情，在发达国家资金和技术转让支持下，尽可能减缓温室气体排放，适应气候变化。

第三，注重目标的合理性。中国有句成语：千里之行，始于足下。西方也有句谚语：罗马不是一天建成的。应对气候变化既要着眼长远，更要立足当前。《京都议定书》明确规定了发达国家至２０１２年第一承诺期的减排指标。但从实际执行情况看，不少发达国家的排放不减反增。目前发达国家已经公布的中期减排目标与协议的要求和国际社会的期望仍有相当距离。确定一个长远的努力方向是必要的，更重要的是把重点放在完成近期和中期减排目标上，放在兑现业已做出的承诺上，放在行动上。一打纲领不如一个行动，我们应该通过切实的行动，让人们看到希望。

第四，确保机制的有效性。应对气候变化，贵在落实行动，重在机制保障。国际社会要在公约框架下做出切实有效的制度安排，促使发达国家兑现承诺，向发展中国家持续提供充足的资金支持，加快转让气候友好技术，有效帮助发展中国家、特别是小岛屿国家、最不发达国家、内陆国家、非洲国家加强应对气候变化的能力建设。

最后，我要强调的是，中国政府确定减缓温室气体排放的目标是中国根据国情采取的自主行动，是对中国人民和全人类负责的，不附加任何条件，不与任何国家的减排目标挂钩。我们言必信、行必果，无论本次会议达成什么成果，都将坚定不移地为实现、甚至超过这个目标而努力。

谢谢！

第三篇：温家宝总理在哥本哈根气候变化会议领导人会议上的讲话

温家宝总理在哥本哈根气候变化会议领导人会议上的讲话 2009年12月18日，国务院总理温家宝在丹麦哥本哈根气候变化会议领导人会议上发表了题为《凝聚共识 加强合作 推进应对气候变化历史进程》的重要讲话。讲话全文如下：

凝聚共识 加强合作 推进应对气候变化历史进程

——在哥本哈根气候变化会议领导人会议上的讲话

中华人民共和国国务院总理 温家宝(2009年12月18日 哥本哈根)Build Consensus and Strengthen Cooperation

To Advance the Historical Process of Combating Climate Change

Address by H.E.Wen Jiabao Premier of the State Council of the People’s Republic of China

At the Copenhagen Climate Change Summit

Copenhagen, 18 December 2009

拉斯穆森首相阁下，各位同事： Prime Minister Rasmussen, Dear Colleagues, 此时此刻，全世界几十亿人都在注视着哥本哈根。我们在此表达的意愿和做出的承诺，应当有利于推动人类应对气候变化的历史进程。站在这个讲坛上，我深感责任重大。

At this very moment, billions of people across the world are following closely what is happening here in Copenhagen.The will that we express and the commitments that we make here should help push forward mankind's historical process of combating climate change.Standing at this podium, I am deeply aware of the heavy responsibility.气候变化是当今全球面临的重大挑战。遏制气候变暖，拯救地球家园，是全人类共同的使命，每个国家和民族，每个企业和个人，都应当责无旁贷地行动起来。

Climate change is a major global challenge.It is the common mission of the entire mankind to curb global warming and save our planet.It is incumbent upon all of us, each and every country, nation, enterprise and individual to act, and act now in response to this challenge.近三十年来，中国现代化建设取得的成就已为世人瞩目。在这里我还要告诉各位，中国在发展的进程中高度重视气候变化问题，从中国人民和人类长远发展的根本利益出发，为应对气候变化做出了不懈努力和积极贡献。

The past 30 years have seen remarkable progress in China's modernization drive.Let me share with you here that China has taken climate change very seriously in the course of its development.Bearing in mind the fundamental interests of the Chinese people and mankind's long-term development, we have exerted unremitting effort and made positive contribution to the fight against climate change.——中国是最早制定实施《应对气候变化国家方案》的发展中国家。先后制定和修订了节约能源法、可再生能源法、循环经济促进法、清洁生产促进法、森林法、草原法和民用建筑节能条例等一系列法律法规，把法律法规作为应对气候变化的重要手段。

China was the first developing country to adopt and implement a National Climate Change Program.We have formulated or revised the Energy Conservation Law, Renewable Energy Law, Circular Economy Promotion Law, Clean Production Promotion Law, Forest Law, Grassland Law and Regulations on Civil Building Efficiency.Laws and regulations have been an important means for us to address climate change.——中国是近年来节能减排力度最大的国家。我们不断完善税收制度，积极推进资源性产品价格改革，加快建立能够充分反映市场供求关系、资源稀缺程度、环境损害成本的价格形成机制。全面实施十大重点节能工程和千家企业节能计划，在工业、交通、建筑等重点领域开展节能行动。深入推进循环经济试点，大力推广节能环保汽车，实施节能产品惠民工程。推动淘汰高耗能、高污染的落后产能，2006至2008年共淘汰低能效的炼铁产能6059万吨、炼钢产能4347万吨、水泥产能1.4亿吨、焦炭产能6445万吨。截至今年上半年，中国单位国内生产总值能耗比2005年降低13%，相当于少排放8亿吨二氧化碳。

China has made the most intensive efforts in energy conservation and pollution reduction in recent years.We have improved the taxation system and advanced the pricing reform of resource products with a view to putting in place at an early date a pricing mechanism that is responsive to market supply and demand, resource scarcity level and the cost of environmental damage.We have introduced 10 major energy conservation projects and launched an energy conservation campaign involving 1,000 enterprises, bringing energy-saving action to industry, transportation, construction and other key sectors.We have implemented pilot projects on circular economy, promoted energy-saving and environment-friendly vehicles and supported the use of energy-saving products by ordinary households with government subsidies.We have worked hard to phase out backward production facilities that are energy intensive and heavily polluting.The inefficient production capacity that China eliminated between 2006and 2008 stood at 60.59 million tons for iron, 43.47 million tons of steel, 140 million tons for cement and 64.45 million tons for coke.By the end of the first half of this year, China's energy consumption per unit of GDP had dropped by 13 percent from the 2005 level, equivalent to reducing 800 million tons of carbon dioxide.——中国是新能源和可再生能源增长速度最快的国家。我们在保护生态基础上，有序发展水电，积极发展核电，鼓励支持农村、边远地区和条件适宜地区大力发展生物质能、太阳能、地热、风能等新型可再生能源。2005年至2008年，可再生能源增长51%，年均增长14.7%。2008年可再生能源利用量达到2.5亿吨标准煤。农村有3050万户用上沼气，相当于少排放二氧化碳4900多万吨。水电装机容量、核电在建规模、太阳能热水器集热面积和光伏发电容量均居世界第一位。--China has enjoyed the fastest growth of new energy and renewable energy.On the basis of protecting the eco-environment, we have developed hydro power in an orderly way, actively developed nuclear power, and encouraged and supported the development of renewable energy including biomass, solar and geothermal energy and wind power in the countryside, remote areas and other places with the proper conditions.Between 2005 and 2008,renewable energy increased by 51 percent, representing an annual growth rate of 14.7 percent.In 2008, the use of renewable energy reached an equivalent of 250 million tons of standard coal.A total of 30.5 million rural households gained access to bio-gas, equivalent to a reduction of 49 million tons of carbon dioxide emissions.China ranked first in the world in terms of installed hydro power capacity, nuclear power capacity under construction, the coverage of solar water heating panels and photovoltaic power capacity.——中国是世界人工造林面积最大的国家。我们持续大规模开展退耕还林和植树造林，大力增加森林碳汇。2003至2008年，森林面积净增2054万公顷，森林蓄积量净增11.23亿立方米。目前人工造林面积达5400万公顷，居世界第一。--China has the largest area of man-made forests in the world.We have continued with the large-scale endeavor to return to farmland to forest and expand a forestation, and made vigorous effort to increase forest carbon sink.Between 2003 and 2008, China's forest coverage registered a net increase of 20.54 million hectares and forest stock volume rose by 1.123 billion cubic meters.The total area of man-made forests in China has reached 45million hectares, the largest in the world.中国有13亿人口，人均国内生产总值刚刚超过 3000美元，按照联合国标准，还有1.5亿人生活在贫困线以下，发展经济、改善民生的任务十分艰巨。我国正处于工业化、城镇化快速发展的关键阶段，能源结构以煤为主，降低排放存在特殊困难。但是，我们始终把应对气候变化作为重要战略任务。1990至2005年，单位国内生产总值二氧化碳排放强度下降 46%。在此基础上，我们又提出，到2020年单位国内生产总值二氧化碳排放比2005年下降40%-45%，在如此长时间内这样大规模降低二氧化碳排放，需要付出艰苦卓绝的努力。我们的减排目标将作为约束性指标纳入国民经济和社会发展的中长期规划，保证承诺的执行受到法律和舆论的监督。我们将进一步完善国内统计、监测、考核办法，改进减排信息的披露方式，增加透明度，积极开展国际交流、对话与合作。

China has a 1.3 billion population and its per capita GDP has only exceeded 3,000 U.S.dollars.According to the U.N.standards, we still have 150 million people living below the poverty line and we therefore face the arduous task of developing the economy and improving people's livelihood.China is now at an important stage of accelerated industrialization and urbanization, and, given the predominant role of coal in our energy mix, we are confronted with special difficulty in emission reduction.However, we have always regarded addressing climate change as an important strategic task.Between 1990 and 2005, China's carbon dioxide emissions per unit of GDP were reduced by 46 percent.Building on that, we have set the new target of cutting carbon dioxide emissions per unit of GDP by 40-45 percent by 2020 from the 2005 level.To reduce carbon dioxide emissions on such a large scale and over such an extended period of time will require tremendous efforts on our part.Our target will be incorporated into China's mid-and-long term plan for national economic and social development as a mandatory one to ensure that its implementation is subject to the supervision by the law and public opinions.We will further enhance the domestic-statistical, monitoring and evaluation methods, improve the way for releasing emission reduction information, increase transparency and actively engage in international exchange, dialogue and cooperation.各位同事，Dear Colleagues, 应对气候变化需要国际社会坚定信心，凝聚共识，积极努力，加强合作。必须始终牢牢把握以下几点：

To meet the climate challenge, the international community must strengthen confidence, build consensus, make vigorous effort and enhance cooperation.And we must always adhere to the following three principles: 第一，保持成果的一致性。

First, maintaining the consistency of outcomes:

应对气候变化不是从零开始的，国际社会已经为之奋斗了几十年。《联合国气候变化框架公约》及其《京都议定书》是各国经过长期艰苦努力取得的成果，凝聚了各方的广泛共识，是国际合作应对气候变化的法律基础和行动指南，必须倍加珍惜、巩固发展。本次会议的成果必须坚持而不能模糊公约及其议定书的基本原则，必须遵循而不能偏离“巴厘路线图”的授权，必须锁定而不能否定业已达成的共识和谈判取得的进展。

The campaign against climate change has not just started.In fact, the international community has been engaged in this endeavor for decades.The United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change and the Kyoto Protocol are the outcomes of long and hard work by all countries.They reflect the broad consensus among all parties and serve as the legal basis and guide for international cooperation on climate change.And as such, they must be highly valued and further strengthened and developed.The outcome of this conference must stick to rather than obscure the basic principles enshrined in the Convention and the Protocol.It must follow rather than deviate from the mandate of the “Bali Roadmap”.It should lock up rather than deny the consensus and progress already achieved in the negotiations.第二，坚持规则的公平性。

Second, upholding the fairness of rules:

“共同但有区别的责任”原则是国际合作应对气候变化的核心和基石，应当始终坚持。近代工业革命200年来，发达国家排放的二氧化碳占全球排放总量的80%。如果说二氧化碳排放是气候变化的直接原因，谁该承担主要责任就不言自明。无视历史责任，无视人均排放和各国的发展水平，要求近几十年才开始工业化、还有大量人口处于绝对贫困状态的发展中国家承担超出其应尽义务和能力范围的减排目标，是毫无道理的。发达国家如今已经过上富裕生活，但仍维持着远高于发展中国家的人均排放，且大多属于消费型排放；相比之下，发展中国家的排放主要是生存排放和国际转移排放。今天全球仍有24亿人以煤炭、木炭、秸秆为主要燃料，有16亿人没有用上电。应对气候变化必须在可持续发展的框架下统筹安排，决不能以延续发展中国家的贫穷和落后为代价。发达国家必须率先大幅量化减排并向发展中国家提供资金和技术支持，这是不可推卸的道义责任，也是必须履行的法律义务。发展中国家应根据本国国情，在发达国家资金和技术转让支持下，尽可能减缓温室气体排放，适应气候变化。

The principle of “common but differentiated responsibilities ”represents the core and bedrock of international cooperation on climate change and it must never be compromised.Developed countries account for 80 percent of the total global carbon dioxide emissions since the Industrial Revolution over 200 years ago.If we all agree that carbon dioxide emissions are the direct cause for climate change, then it is all too clear who should take the primary responsibility.Developing countries only started industrialization a few decades ago and many of their people still live in abject poverty today.It is totally unjustified to ask them to undertake emission reduction targets beyond their due obligations and capabilities in disregard of historical responsibilities, per capita emissions and different levels of development.Developed countries, which are already leading an affluent life, still maintain a level of per capita emissions that is far higher than that of developing countries, and most of their emissions are attributed to consumption.In comparison, emissions from developing countries are primarily survival emissions and international transfer emissions.Today, 2.4 billion people in the world still rely on coal, charcoal, and stalks as main fuels, and 1.6 billion people have no access to electricity.Action on climate change must be taken within the framework of sustainable development and should by no means compromise the efforts of developing countries to get rid of poverty and backwardness.Developed countries must take the lead in making deep quantified emission cuts and provide financial and technological support to developing countries.This is an unshirkable moral responsibility as well as a legal obligation that they must fulfill.Developing countries should, with the financial and technological support of developed countries, do what they can to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions and adapt to climate change in the light of their national conditions.第三，注重目标的合理性。

And third, paying attention to the practicality of the targets:

中国有句成语：千里之行，始于足下。西方也有句谚语：罗马不是一天建成的。应对气候变化既要着眼长远，更要立足当前。《京都议定书》明确规定了发达国家至2012年第一承诺期的减排指标。但从实际执行情况看，不少发达国家的排放不减反增。目前发达国家已经公布的中期减排目标与协议的要求和国际社会的期望仍有相当距离。确定一个长远的努力方向是必要的，更重要的是把重点放在完成近期和中期减排目标上，放在兑现业已做出的承诺上，放在行动上。一打纲领不如一个行动，我们应该通过切实的行动，让人们看到希望。

There is a Chinese proverb which goes, “A one-thousand-mile journey starts with the first step.” Similarly, there is a saying in the West which reads, “Rome was not built in one day.” In tackling climate change, we need to take a long-term perspective, but more importantly, we should focus on the present.The Kyoto Protocol has clearly set out the emission reduction targets for developed countries in the first commitment period by 2012.However, a review of implementation shows that the emissions from many developed countries have increased rather than decreased.And the mid-term reduction targets recently announced by developed countries fall considerably short of the requirements of the Convention and the expectations of the international community.Itis necessary to set a direction for our long-term efforts, but it is even more important to focus on achieving near-term and mid-term reduction targets, honoring the commitments already made and taking real action.One action is more useful than a dozen programs.We should give people hope by taking credible actions.第四，确保机制的有效性。

Fourth, ensure the effectiveness of institutions and mechanisms:

应对气候变化，贵在落实行动，重在机制保障。国际社会要在公约框架下做出切实有效的制度安排，促使发达国家兑现承诺，向发展中国家持续提供充足的资金支持，加快转让气候友好技术，有效帮助发展中国家、特别是小岛屿国家、最不发达国家、内陆国家、非洲国家加强应对气候变化的能力建设。

Concrete actions and institutional guarantee are essential to our effort on tackling climate change.The international community should make concrete and effective institutional arrangements under the Convention and urge developed countries to honor their commitments, provide sustained and sufficient financial support to developing countries, speed up the transfer of climate-friendly technologies and effectively help developing countries, especially small island states, least developed countries, landlocked countries and African countries, strengthen their capacity in combating climate change.最后，我要强调的是，中国政府确定减缓温室气体排放的目标是中国根据国情采取的自主行动，是对中国人民和全人类负责的，不附加任何条件，不与任何国家的减排目标挂钩。我们言必信、行必果，无论本次会议达成什么成果，都将坚定不移地为实现、甚至超过这个目标而努力。

I wish to conclude by underlining that it is with a sense of responsibility to the Chinese people and the whole mankind that the Chinese government has set the target for mitigating greenhouse gas emissions.This is a voluntary action China has taken in the light of its national circumstances.We have not attached any condition to the target, nor have we linked it to the target of any other country.We will honor our word with real action.Whatever outcome this conference may produce, we will be fully committed to achieving and even exceeding the target.谢谢！Thank you.

第四篇：温家宝总理在世界未来能源峰会上的讲话(全文)

温家宝总理在世界未来能源峰会上的讲话（全文）

2012/01/16

2012年1月16日，国务院总理温家宝在阿布扎比举行的第五届世界未来能源峰会开幕式上发表讲话。全文如下：

中国坚定走绿色和可持续发展道路 ——在世界未来能源峰会上的讲话（2012年1月16日，阿布扎比）

尊敬的穆罕默德王储殿下，各位贵宾，女士们、先生们：

大家好！

首先我代表中国政府对第五届世界未来能源峰会的召开表示热烈祝贺！对王储殿下和阿联酋政府为本次大会所作的努力和周到安排表示衷心感谢！

世界未来能源峰会已连续举办五届。我们高兴地看到，越来越多的各国政要、国际组织代表、企业家和专家学者相聚一堂，启迪未来能源发展思路，共商可持续发展大计。这对于保护人类共有家园，促进世界经济复苏和繁荣，具有重要意义。

这是我第一次踏上阿联酋的土地。来之前我就了解到，你们正在沙漠腹地建设世界首座“零碳城”——马斯达尔。这一创举率先诞生在盛产石油的中东海湾地区，其远见卓识和巨大魄力，令世人钦佩！我预祝你们成功！

能源是支撑人类文明进步的物质基础，也是现代社会发展须臾不可或缺的基本条件。人类对能源的利用，从薪柴时代到煤炭时代，再到油气时代，每一次变迁都伴随着生产力的巨大飞跃。当然，传统化石能源的开发利用，也给人类的可持续发展带来了严峻挑战。近年来，绿色发展在全球蓬勃兴起。其核心是，减少对能源资源的过度消耗，追求经济、社会、生态全面协调可持续发展。为此，世界各国进行了积极探索，中国也做出了不懈努力。

——积极调整经济结构，加大节能减排力度。我们推进了工业、交通、建筑、居民生活等领域的节能减排。在电力、钢铁、水泥、电解铝等高耗能行业中，淘汰大批落后生产能力，新上一批先进生产能力。5年来，电力行业共关闭了落后小火电机组8000万千瓦，相当于欧洲一个中等国家的装机容量。政府对这些企业给予必要补偿，并相应安排了60多万职工再就业。这是我们在应对国际金融危机非常困难的情况下完成的。仅此一项，一年就少烧原煤9200万吨，减排二氧化碳1.84亿吨。据统计，2005年至2010年，中国单位国内生产总值能耗下降近20%，相当于减排二氧化碳14.6亿吨，为减缓全球气候变化作出了贡献。

——加大政策扶持，加快清洁能源发展。截至2011年，中国水电装机突破2亿千瓦，居世界第一；风电装机达4700万千瓦，太阳能装机达300万千瓦，成为全球发展最快的地区；核电装机容量1000多万千瓦，有27台机组正在建设，在建规模居世界首位。中国发展清洁能源，投入之大、建设之快、成效之显著，为世界所公认。

——加快传统产业改造，提高能源利用效率。我们以信息化带动工业化，积极采用先进适用技术改造传统产业，大幅度提高企业的能效水平。近5年来，在全国实施了锅炉改造、电机节能、建筑节能、绿色照明等一系列节能改造工程，成效显著。其中，每千瓦时火力发电煤耗降低了37克，降幅达10%；吨钢综合能耗降低了13%；新建设的有色、建材、石化等重化工项目，其能源利用效率达到或接近世界先进水平。

——倡导低碳生活方式，推行绿色消费。虽然中国人均能耗水平比OECD国家少很多，但我们仍在全社会倡导节俭、文明、适度、合理的消费理念。我们在大中城市、工业园区和企业广泛开展循环经济试点和低碳经济试点，大力推行清洁生产和资源综合利用。我们在国家机关及公共建筑实行严格的节能措施，夏季室内不低于26摄氏度，冬季不高于20摄氏度。由于政府带头，崇尚节约、绿色消费越来越成为公民的自觉行动。

从2011年至2015年，中国实施国民经济和社会发展第十二个五年规划。这个规划的重点之一，就是把大幅度降低能源消耗强度和二氧化碳排放强度作为约束性指标，合理控制能源消费总量。我们将逐步改变目前以煤为主的能源结构，增加优质化石能源的比重，显著提高天然气、核能、可再生能源的供给能力。我们继续坚持立足国内的方针，主要依靠本国能源满足日益增长的消费需求。我们还将通过科技创新和体制创新，提高能源加工转换效率，尽可能减少能源生产和消费过程中温室气体和污染物的排放。到2015年，中国非化石能源占一次能源比例，将从2010年的8.3%提高到11.4%；能耗强度比2010年降低16%，二氧化碳排放强度下降17%。实现这些目标，面临的困难很多，付出的代价很大，但我们毫不动摇。

女士们，先生们！

纵观世界文明发展史，能源问题关系国计民生，关系人类福祉，也同国际政治息息相关。很显然，解决未来能源问题，不仅要考虑经济因素和科技因素，还要考虑政治因素和国际因素。为了发展未来能源，为了建立稳定、经济、安全的能源供应体系，为了减少能源资源问题带来的困扰和不平等，世界各国应当进一步行动起来，共同做出更大的努力。为此，我建议：

第一，把节能增效放在首位。节约能源，既是一场技术革命，也是一场社会变革。厉行节约、反对浪费，是各民族共有的传统美德。节约能源是化解能源供需矛盾的必然选择。不论能源富集国还是能源相对短缺的国家，都应当推动建立节约型生产方式、生活方式和消费模式。当然，节约能源不是简单地减少使用，也不是要降低人们的生活质量。要通过采用先进科技提高能效，建设低投入、高产出、低消耗、少排放、能循环、可持续的国民经济体系，以尽可能少的能源资源支撑经济社会的可持续发展。

第二，大力发展可再生能源和清洁能源。可再生能源资源丰富，分布地域广，开发潜力大，环境影响小，大都可以永续利用，是开拓未来能源的重要方向。但是，除水能外，大部分可再生能源的经济性和稳定性还不够理想，推广普及的难度较大。各国应加强政策扶持，扩大应用规模，逐步降低成本，越来越多地替代化石能源。核电是安全可靠、技术成熟的清洁能源。安全高效地发展核电，是解决未来能源供应的战略选择。化石能源在今后很长一个时期内仍然是世界能源消费的主体。它的开发利用，一要清洁，二要高效，逐步实现高碳能源的低碳化利用。国际可再生能源署成立以来，为推动可再生能源的开发和利用发挥了积极作用。中国将继续加强与国际可再生能源署的交流与合作。

第三，积极推动能源科技革命。科技决定能源的未来，科技创造未来的能源。从长远看，最终解决未来能源问题，并不取决于对能源资源的拥有，而是取决于对能源高科技的拥有，取决于能源科技革命的突破性进展。能源更新换代周期长，往往需要十年、几十年乃至更长时间，需要庞大的资金投入。能源消费大国和能源生产大国在推动能源科技革命上负有重要责任。政府应当加大投入，推进能源科技创新的工程示范和产业化。未来能源作为重要的战略性产业，一旦取得重大突破，必将成为经济发展的强大引擎。发达国家掌握着能源先进技术，应当在保护知识产权的前提下，向发展中国家和不发达国家提供、转移技术。

第四，有效保障能源安全。受到国际货币体系、过度投机、垄断经营、地缘政治等因素的影响，大宗能源产品价格很大程度上脱离了实体经济的供求关系，其暴涨暴跌，加剧了世界经济的非正常波动。这种不合理状况，必须从根本上加以改变。能源的安全运输、有效供给和市场稳定，符合新兴经济体、发达国家和能源输出国的共同利益，也有利于消除经济危机的隐患和影响。为了稳定石油、天然气市场，可考虑在G20的框架下，本着互利共赢的原则，建立一个包括能源供应国、消费国、中转国在内的全球能源市场治理机制。要通过协商对话，制定公正、合理、有约束力的国际规则，构建能源市场的预测预警、价格协调、金融监督、安全应急等多边协调机制，使全球能源市场更加安全、稳定、可持续。

女士们，先生们！

世界文明为全人类共同创造，各个民族都贡献了自己的力量。谈论世界未来能源发展，我们不能不重视西亚北非的特殊地位和作用。这一地区已探明石油储量超过全球50%，天然气储量超过全球40%，其战略位置相当重要。世世代代居住在这里的人民，勤劳、智慧、勇敢和善良。你们的祖先曾经铸造了辉煌灿烂的古代文明。今天，你们同我们一样，对建设一个绿色、温馨的地球村，充满着热情和期待。中国一贯尊重西亚北非地区国家和人民的自主选择，支持其依靠资源禀赋和优势发展本国经济。中国作为安理会常任理事国和负责任的国家，将继续与国际社会一道，促进西亚北非地区的和平、稳定和发展！

当前，国际金融危机的阴霾仍未散尽，局部地区的社会动荡尚未结束。但是，危机总会过去，繁荣终将到来。“单丝不成线，独木不成林”。中国将继续同世界各国人民一道，加强国际合作，推动可持续创新，致力发展未来能源，共同建设一个绿色和可持续发展的新世界！

最后，祝本次会议取得圆满成功！

第五篇：温家宝总理在首届中日韩工商峰会上的讲话

温家宝总理在首届中日韩工商峰会上的讲话

（２００９年１０月１０日）

时间:2009年10月11日 07时12分 来源:新华网 作者:温家宝

字号：『 大字体 中字体 小字体 』

尊敬的李明博总统，尊敬的鸠山由纪夫首相，各位工商界朋友们，女士们，先生们：

很高兴在第二次中日韩领导人会议期间，同李明博总统和鸠山首相一起与大家见面。首先，我谨代表中国政府对首届中日韩工商峰会的召开表示热烈祝贺，向三国工商界朋友们致以诚挚的问候！

十年来，中日韩经贸合作取得巨大成就，三国贸易额翻了两番，从１３００多亿美元增长到目前的５０００亿美元。三国经济总量已占东亚的９０％、全球的近１７％，东亚成为全球经济最有活力的地区之一，为推动亚洲乃至世界经济增长发挥了重要作用。在当前应对国际金融危机的关键时刻，国际社会对东亚经济的复苏和稳定增长寄予厚望。

在中日韩合作十周年之际，举行首届中日韩工商峰会，具有特殊的意义。这一重要机制的建立，反映了中日韩日益紧密的经贸关系，表达了三国工商界加强对话交流的真诚愿望，顺应了深化合作、共同发展的时代潮流。不仅有利于三国更有效地应对国际金融危机，促进经济增长，而且对增进三国人民之间的相互了解和友谊，带动其它领域的交流与合作，将产生广泛的积极影响。

在此，我想对三国企业家们提几点希望：

一是开拓创新。创新是企业的竞争力和生命力。当今世界经济的竞争从根本上讲是科学技术的竞争。应对国际金融危机，实际上已成为一场新的科技竞赛。中日韩都有较丰富的人才资源，较好的科研条件，较强的生产和服务体系，较完整的产业基础。企业家们要在立足自主创新同时，利用三国地理相邻，文化相通，经济互补和融合度高的优势，加大合作研发和生产的力度，形成具有地区特点的创新体系和制造体系，在未来世界经济格局中占据主动地位。

二是要和衷共济。这场国际金融危机的影响是广泛而深刻的。企业是直接的受害者，也是重振增长的中坚力量。但企业的生存和发展离不开良好的社会和国际环境。这就要求企业家有宽广的视野和开阔的思路，在克服自身困难同时，勇于承担社会责任和国际责任。要发扬同舟共济、共克时艰的精神，在共同发展、和谐发展中实现自身的可持续发展。

三是要建言献策。上午我在三国领导人会议上讲，领导人要倾听企业家的声音，政府要为企业发展提供更多便利条件和良好的服务。企业家对国家、地区和全球经济、科技发展动向最为敏感，与社会有着广泛深入的接触，了解人们在想什么，需要什么，在关乎国计民生的重大问题上有独到的见解。欢迎你们利用三国工商峰会这一崭新平台，在充分讨论酝酿基础上，向三国领导人提出意见和建议。这将有助于我们全面、准确、及时掌握情况，作出科学的判断和决策，推动三国合作又快又好发展。

最后，我想用一幅画同大家共勉。刚才，我同李明博总统和鸠山首相一同参观了中日韩水墨画展。其中一幅由三国画家共同创作的画给我留下很深的印象。画中韩国的木槿花、日本的樱花和中国的翠竹相依相偎，各展风采，构成了多姿多彩的傲雪迎春图。我以为，这是三国艺术家的心声，也是三国人民的心声，应该成为三国企业家的精神，成为中日韩合作的精神！

谢谢大家。