温家宝总理在纽约美国银行家协会举行的午餐会上的演讲

第一篇：温家宝总理在纽约美国银行家协会举行的午餐会上的演讲

共同开创中美经贸合作的新局面

——温家宝总理在纽约美国银行家协会举行的午餐会上的演讲

Work Together to Open a New Chapter in China-US Trade and Economic Cooperation--Address by Premier Wen Jiabao of China at Luncheon Hosted by

the American Bankers Association in New York

主席先生，女士们，先生们：

Mr.Chairman, Ladies and Gentlemen, 在中美建交25周年前夕，我应布什总统的邀请正式访问贵国。纽约是我访美的第一站，在这里能与各位新老朋友欢聚一堂，我感到很高兴。在此我要特别感谢美国银行家协会的盛情款待，向多年来为推动中美经贸合作做出积极贡献的各位朋友表示敬意！并通过你们向伟大的美国人民致以诚挚问候和良好祝愿！

With the approach of the 25th anniversary of China-US diplomatic ties, I have come to your country on an official visit at the invitation of President Bush.New York City is the first leg of my current trip and I am really delighted to join so many old and new friends here.I wish to express my special thanks to the American Bankers Association for its gracious hospitality, and to pay my respects to all those who have for years dedicated themselves to greater trade and economic cooperation between our two countries.I also wish to convey, through you, my cordial greetings and best wishes to the great American people.近一段时间，中美贸易方面有些分歧和摩擦。各方面对我此次美国之行颇为关注。我首先要告诉诸位，我这次是为了寻求友谊与合作而来，不是来打“贸易战”的。

In recent weeks, China and the US have been coping with some differences and frictions over the trade issue.As such, my current visit has been given rather intense attention.Let me first assure you that I have come to this country to seek friendship and cooperation, and not to fight a “trade war”.有些分歧问题的产生，实际上是相互不了解。我深信，中美双方通过对话与磋商，可以缩小我们之间的分歧，扩大我们之间的合作。

Many a difference derives from a lack of understanding.I am convinced that with dialogue and consultation, China and the US are entirely able to narrow their differences and broaden their areas of cooperation.谈到中美贸易问题，首先要看到一个最基本的事实，这就是25年来我们两国之间的贸易有了巨大的发展。从1979年的不足25亿美元，发展到今天的1000多亿美元，增长了几十倍。这种巨额增长，是不是只对一方有利而对另一方不利？或者说只是中国赚了而美国亏了？不是。事实上，两国都从迅速发展的中美贸易中获得了巨大的利益。

When talking about China-US trade, we should not overlook one fundamental fact, that is, in the past 25 years, two-way trade has experienced a tremendous expansion.From merely 2.5 billion US dollars in 1979 to over 100 billion today, the increase is dozens of times.Does such a huge increase benefit only one side at the expense of the other? Or is China the winner and the US the loser? The answer is obviously no.In fact, both countries have reaped tremendous benefits from the rapid expansion of China-US trade.25年前，也许谁也不曾想到，中美经贸合作能有今天这样大的规模。今天，美国在华投资设立企业超过4万家，实际投资430亿美元。美国500强企业中，已有400多家进入中国，大多数企业获利丰厚。麦当劳、肯德基遍及中国大小城市。微软、英特尔、摩托罗拉、宝洁、柯达、通用汽车等美国驰名品牌的商品畅销中国市场。中国人用的胶卷，每10卷中就有7卷是柯达产品。沃尔玛等零售企业在中国也有很大发展。与此同时，在美国的市场上，许多中国商品受到美国消费者的青睐。中国在美国投资设立企业超过700家。

No one in his wildest imagination could have expected 25 years ago the sheer magnitude of China-US trade and economic relations of today.With over 40,000 US-invested enterprises, the paid-in value of the total US investment in China now stands at 43 billion US dollars.Of the top 500 US companies, more than 400 have come to China, and most of them are making a handsome profit.The McDonald's and KFC chain stores are found in almost every Chinese city, large or small.Products bearing such famous American brands as Microsoft, Intel, Motorola, P&G, Kodak and GM sell quickly on the Chinese market.Of every ten rolls of films used by Chinese consumers, seven are made by Kodak.Wal-Mart and other US retailing firms are also doing successfully in China.At the same time, many Chinese merchandizes have become favored choices of US consumers.The number of Chinese-invested enterprises in the US has surpassed 700.大家知道，经贸关系是两国关系的经济基础。互利共赢的中美经贸关系，不仅给两国人民带来了实实在在的经济利益，而且成为中美关系发展的重要基础和强大动力。至于中美经贸合作的迅速发展，对于周边地区经济繁荣乃至世界经济增长所起的促进作用，更是有目共睹。

As we all know, trade and commerce form the economic foundation of our bilateral relations.Being mutually beneficial and win-win, China-US trade and economic ties have not only delivered tangible economic benefits to the two peoples, but underpinned the overall relationship, giving it a powerful driving force for a steady expansion.As for the contribution made by the thriving China-US economic partnership to the prosperity of the surrounding areas and the world economic growth, it is there for all to see.中美贸易之所以能迅速发展，根本原因在于两国经济具有极大的互补性。这种互补性，很大程度上来自两国经济资源条件、经济结构以及消费水平存在着很大的差异。中国是最大的发展中国家，市场广阔，发展迅速，劳动力成本低，但资金短缺、科技和管理相对落后。美国是最大的发达国家，经济总量大，资本充足，科技发达，但劳动力成本高。这种差异性和互补性，将在今后长期存在，在经济全球化的大背景下显得更加突出。我认为，这就是中美贸易能够持续快速发展的客观基础。

The reason for such a rapid growth in China-US trade lies, in the final analysis, in the high degree of complementarity of the two economies, which, to a large extent, stems from their big differences in economic resources, economic structures and consumption levels.China is the world's largest developing country with a huge market, fast development and a low cost of labor, but short in capital and relatively backward in technology and management.On the other hand, the US is the world's largest developed country, big in economic size, abundant in capital, and advanced in science and technology.But the cost of labor in the US is very high.Such diversity and complementarity will remain for a long time, and are likely to feature more prominently in the ongoing economic globalization.This, in my view, is the material basis for the sustained and rapid expansion of China-US trade.中国有一句描写登泰山感受的古诗：“会当凌绝顶，一览众山小”。我们对待中美贸易问题，要有这种高瞻远瞩的战略眼光。诸如美中贸易逆差问题，人民币汇率问题，知识产权保护问题，贵国社会各界甚为关注。所有这些问题，是在中美贸易发展中出现的问题，是可以取得共识，也是可以逐步得到解决的，不应该也不可能影响中美经贸发展大局。滔滔长河有时会卷起漩涡，漫漫历史进程难免会发生波折。随着中美经贸合作规模的扩大，有点摩擦在所难免。只要双方有诚意，这类问题完全可以通过平等协商和扩大合作来加以妥善解决。

Depicting how climbers of the towering Mount Tai feel, an ancient Chinese poem goes, “I must ascend the mountain's crest;it dwarfs all peaks under my feet.” When approaching problems in China-US trade, we also need to take a strategic perspective of vision and foresight.Problems such as US trade deficit with China, the RMB exchange rate, and IPR protection, are of concern to many quarters of US society.But they are also problems that come along with expanded China-US trade, and they can be ironed out gradually since common understanding on them is entirely obtainable.They should not, and will not, stand in the way of the larger interests of China-US trade.As whirlpools are sometimes found in a surging river, the flows of history can also be interrupted by some occasional setbacks.As bilateral trade and economic relations grow in size, some frictions are hardly avoidable.So long as the two sides act in good faith, such problems can be resolved properly through equal consultation and expanded cooperation.两周前，我在北京接受《华盛顿邮报》采访和会见美国朋友时，已就上述“热点”问题作了阐述。如果在座诸位还有什么问题，稍后我乐意解答。

During my interview with The Washington Post two weeks ago and my meetings with American friends at other times, I explained our positions on the above hot issues.If you still have some questions, I will be glad to answer them later on.回顾中美经贸关系发展25年的历史，我们应当从中汲取一些重要的经验和教训。我愿意，就发展中美公平贸易和经济合作提出五条原则，与各位商榷。这五条原则是：

A review of China-US trade and economic relations in the past quarter of a century reveals certain important experience and lessons that we should bear in mind.Now, I would like to propose the following five principles for fair trade and economic partnership between China and the US for your consideration: 第一、互利共赢。从大处着眼，既要考虑自己利益，又要考虑对方利益。

First, mutual benefit and win-win result.Thinking broadly, one should take account of the other's interests while pursuing its own.第二、把发展放在首位。通过扩大经贸合作来化解分歧。

Second, development first.Existing differences should be resolved through expanded trade and economic cooperation.第三、发挥双边经贸协调机制作用。及时沟通和磋商，避免矛盾激化。

Third, greater scope to coordinating mechanisms in bilateral trade and economic relations.Disputes should be addressed in a timely manner through communication and consultation to avoid possible escalation.第四、平等协商。求大同存小异，不动辄设限和制裁。

Fourth, equal consultation.The two sides should seek consensus on major issues while reserving differences on minor issues, instead of imposing restrictions or sanctions at every turn.第五、不把经贸问题政治化。

Fifth, do not politicize economic and trade issues.这五条原则，是建立在世贸组织框架和国际贸易基本准则基础上的，也是正确认识和妥善处理今后一个时期中美贸易可能出现的分歧和摩擦所需要的。这五条原则的核心和精髓是六个字：发展，平等，互利。发展是动力，平等是前提，互利是目的。我想，这完全符合我们两国之间发展建设性合作关系的要求。

These five principles are based on the WTO framework and existing norms of international trade.They are essential for a correct understanding and proper handling of possible trade disputes or frictions between our two countries in the years ahead.The core elements of these principles are development, equality, and mutual benefit.Development is our driving force, equality the premise, and mutual benefit our goal.This, in my opinion, also serves the need for a constructive and cooperative relationship to which both sides are committed.以解决两国贸易不平衡为例。所谓把发展放在首位，就是强调向前看，通过进一步扩大两国贸易来缩小不平衡。大家知道，美中贸易逆差扩大，这不是我们所追求的。但是，靠减少中国对美国的出口，这不是一个好办法。因为这样做，既不利于中国，也无助于解决美国内失业问题，反而会严重损害美国广大消费者和美国在华企业的利益。比较现实的办法是，美国进一步扩大对中国的出口。为此，我们已经以最大的诚意和最大的努力，大幅度增加了对美国农产品和机电产品的进口，并将进一步扩大我所需商品的采购。同时，我们也希望美国承认中国市场经济国家地位，解除对中国高新技术出口的限制。在这方面，我真诚地希望，美国有关方面把那些陈旧观念和不合时宜的做法抛到太平洋去，来一个大胆的与时俱进。

Take the problems of our trade imbalance for example.By putting development first, we mean to take a forward-looking approach that allows us to narrow the trade gap through continued expansion of two-way trade.As you all know, we do not go after an increase of US trade deficit with China.But reducing Chinese exports to the US is no good answer, for so doing serves neither China nor the US in solving its unemployment problem.Instead, it will seriously harm the interests of millions of American consumers and US firms operating in China.A more realistic solution is for the US to expand its export to China.We on our part have demonstrated the utmost sincerity and made our greatest effort by substantially increasing import of farm products and machinery from the US, and placing more purchasing orders for needed American commodities.At the same time, we hope the US will recognize China's market economy status, and lift its export restrictions on high-tech products.I ardently hope that the relevant US departments will make a clean break with those obsolete concepts and anachronistic practices, and throw them into the Pacific Ocean, so as to boldly keep pace with the times.女士们、先生们：

Ladies and Gentlemen, 我对中美经贸合作的前景充满信心。也许道路是不平坦的，但前途一定是光明的。纵观国际形势，中美两国经贸合作正面临一个难得的重要战略机遇期。中美在经贸领域相互依存、互利共赢、你中有我、我中有你的格局已经初步形成。我注意到，美国的经济已开始复苏。同时，我还要负责任地告诉诸位，中国的经济将在今后相当长一个时期内保持良好的发展势头。

I for one have full confidence in the future of China-US trade and economic cooperation.The road ahead might not be all smooth sailing, but the prospect is surely promising.Internationally, China-US economic partnership faces a window of rare strategic opportunity.A pattern featuring economic interdependence, mutual benefit and win-win, a pattern of each having something of the other, is taking shape.I have noticed that the US economy has started its long-awaited rebound.And I would like to tell you in a responsible manner that China's economy will maintain a sound growth momentum for a considerably long time to come.——中国从总体上已步入工业化和城市化的重要时期。旺盛的国内需求，是经济增长的不竭动力。

-China as a whole has entered the crucial stage of industrialization and urbanization.And the strong domestic demand will keep its economy growing continuously.——中国体制创新使经济充满活力。市场机制在资源配置中发挥着基础性作用。公有制经济的活力通过改革、改组、改造得到释放，非公有制经济已经有了很大的发展。

-Continued structural innovation has made Chinese economy increasingly dynamic.The market now plays an essential role in the allocation of resources.The public sector has become more vigorous thanks to restructuring, reorganization and upgrading, and the non-public sectors have made giant strides.——中国政府调控宏观经济的能力得到增强。我们成功应对了亚洲金融危机的冲击，今年在遭受非典疫情的情况下仍保持8.5%的经济增长。

-The Chinese Government is more capable of macro-economic control and regulation.We successfully coped with the impact of the Asian financial crisis, and managed to pull off an 8.5 percent growth this year, despite the SARS epidemic.——中国对外开放的领域进一步扩大，投资环境日益改善。目前，中国是世界上最为安全的地方之一。我们履行加入世贸组织承诺所作的努力是卓有成效的，正吸引着越来越多的各国投资者。

-China's opening-up is getting even wider and its investment environment better.China is now one of the world's safest places.We have done a fruitful work in honoring our WTO commitments, and more and more foreign investors have been attracted to China.总之，我们有信心使国民经济在今后较长时期内保持7%左右的增长速度。预计到2020年，国内生产总值将达到4万多亿美元。今后三年，中国货物进口总额将超过1万亿美元，服务业也会进一步开放。中国经济的持续快速发展，不仅会造福于13亿中国人民，也将为包括美国在内的世界各国开辟经贸合作的广阔空间，为中美两国企业家提供巨大商机。

Given the above, we are confident in our ability to maintain an economic growth rate of around 7 percent for a long time to come, reaching a GDP level of over 4 trillion US dollars by 2020.In the next three years, China plans to import over 1 trillion US dollars worth of goods, and its service sector will open still wider to the outside world.The rapidly growing Chinese economy will not only benefit the 1.3 billion Chinese people, but expand the horizon of trade and economic cooperation between China and other countries, the US included, creating a huge number of opportunities for Chinese and American businesses.中国政府将继续坚定不移地鼓励和保护外国投资者来华投资。中国消费结构和产业结构正在加快升级，对先进技术、设备和服务的需求日趋旺盛。特别是中国东南沿海地区已经具备发展若干个制造业中心的良好条件，西部大开发正在大力推进，东北地区等老工业基地的调整改造已经启动。我们欢迎美国工商金融界的朋友们，抢抓机遇，到中国开拓市场。我们欢迎更多的美国大企业与中国企业合作，也希望中小企业积极跟进。

The Chinese Government will continue to encourage foreign investment and protect foreign investors in China.As its consumption structure and industrial structure upgrade, China needs more and more advanced know-how, equipment and services.The southeast coastal region of China, in particular, is well poised to becoming home to a number of manufacturing hubs.Moreover, while we are pressing ahead with the western development program, the large-scale overhaul of Northeast China and other old industrial bases is under way.American business and financial communities are welcome to seize these opportunities and expand their presence in the Chinese market.We want to see more large US firms working together with Chinese enterprises, and we hope the small and medium-sized US firms can also join in.我可以高兴地告诉诸位，我准备向布什总统提议：提高中美商贸联委会的级别，更好地为拓展两国经贸合作服务。我相信布什总统会同意我这个建议。

Let me tell you this, I plan to make a proposal to President Bush to raise the level of the Joint Commission on Commerce and Trade, so as to better serve bilateral trade and economic cooperation.I am sure he will agree with me.女士们、先生们：

Ladies and Gentlemen, 中国的发展主要依靠内需，不追求长期、过大的贸易顺差，致力实现进出口的基本平衡。我们希望，双方都以中美关系大局为重，把握先机，增进释疑，积极进取，把中美经贸合作推上新水平！

China's development relies mainly on domestic demand.We do not seek long-standing, excessive trade surplus, but work to maintain a basic balance between import and export.We hope the two sides will set store by the larger interests of China-US relations, seize the opportunities by enhancing trust and dispelling suspicion, and work persistently to bring bilateral trade and economic cooperation to a new high.贵国有句名言：“黄金时代在我们的前面”。我们愿与美国工商金融界的朋友们一道，共同开创中美经贸合作的新局面！

As a famous American saying goes, “The golden age is before us, not behind us.” We are ready to work together with our friends from the US business and financial communities to open a new chapter in China-US trade and economic cooperation.谢谢大家。

Thank you.

第二篇：温家宝总理在剑桥大学的演讲

温家宝总理在剑桥大学的演讲

用发展的眼光看中国

See China in the Light of Her Development

━━在剑桥大学的演讲

Speech at the University of Cambridge

中华人民共和国国务院总理 温家宝 2009年2月2日

Wen Jiabao Premier of the State Council of the People's Republic of China, 2 February 2009

尊敬的理查德校长，女士们，先生们：

Vice Chancellor Alison Richard, Ladies and Gentlemen，来到向往已久的剑桥大学，非常高兴。剑桥举世闻名，培养出牛顿、达尔文、培根等 许多杰出的科学家、思想家，为人类文明进步作出了重要贡献。今年是剑桥建校800周年，我谨致以热烈祝贺！

It gives me great pleasure to come to Cambridge, a world-renowned university that I have long wanted to visit.Cambridge has produced many great scientists and thinkers Isaac Newton, Charles Darwin and Francis Bacon, to name but a few, and made important contribution to the progress of human civilization.This year marks the 800th anniversary of the university.Please accept my warm congratulations.这是我第四次访问英国。中英相距遥远，但两国人民的友好交往不断增多。香港问题的圆满解决，经贸、文教、科技等领域的有效合作，为发展中英全面战略伙伴关系奠定了坚实基础。在此，我向长期致力于中英友好的朋友们表示崇高的敬意！

This is my fourth visit to your country.Despite the great distance between China and Britain, the friendly exchanges between our peoples have been on the rise.The successful resolution of the question of Hong Kong and fruitful cooperation between our two countries in areas such as economy, trade, culture, education, science and technology have cemented the foundation of our comprehensive strategic partnership.Here, I wish to pay high tribute to all those who have been working tirelessly to promote friendly ties between our two countries.今天，我演讲的题目是：用发展的眼光看中国。

The title of my speech today is See China in the Light of Her Development.我深深爱着的祖国——古老而又年轻。[/B][/B]

My beloved motherland is a country both old and young.说她古老，她是一个有着数千年文明史的东方大国。中华民族以自己的勤劳和智慧，创造了灿烂的古代文明，对人类发展作出过重大贡献。

She is old, because she is a big Oriental country with a civilization stretching back several thousand years.With diligence and wisdom, the Chinese nation created a splendid civilization and made significant contributions to the progress of humanity.说她年轻，新中国成立才60年，改革开放才30年。中国人民经过长期不懈的斗争建立了新中国，又经过艰苦的探索，终于找到了适合国情的发展道路——中国特色社会主义道路，文明古国焕发了青春活力。

She is young, because the People's Republic is just 60 years old, and the country began reform and opening-up only 30 years ago.The Chinese people established the New China after unremitting struggles and ultimately found a development path suited to China's national conditions through painstaking efforts.This is the path of socialism with Chinese characteristics.Following this path, our ancient civilization has been rejuvenated.中国改革开放，最重要的是解放思想，最根本、最具有长远意义的是体制创新。我们推进经济体制改革，建立了社会主义市场经济体制。在政府的宏观调控下，充分发挥市场对资源配置的基础性作用。我们深化政治体制改革，把发展民主和完善法制结合起来，实行人民当家作主，依法治国，建设社会主义法治国家。

The key element of China's reform and opening-up is to free people's mind and the most fundamental and significant component is institutional innovation.Through economic reform, we have built a socialist market economy, where the market plays a primary role in allocating resources under government macro-regulation.We have carried out political reform, promoted democracy and improved the legal system.People are the masters of the country.We run the country according to law and endeavor to build a socialist country under the rule of law.改革开放的实质，就是坚持以人为本，通过解放和发展生产力满足人们日益增长的物质文化需求，在公正的条件下促进人的全面发展；就是保障人民的民主权利，让国家政通人和、兴旺发达；就是维护人的尊严和自由，让每个人的智慧和力量得以迸发，成功地追求自己的幸福生活。

The essence of China's reform and opening-up is to put people first and meet their ever growing material and cultural needs through releasing and developing productive forces.It aims to give everyone equal opportunities for all-round development.It aims to protect the democratic rights of the people and promote stability, harmony and prosperity across the land.And it aims to safeguard the dignity and freedom of everyone so that he or she may pursue happiness with ingenuity and hard work.30年来，中国贫困人口减少了2亿多，人均寿命提高了5岁，8300万残疾人得到政府和社会的特殊关爱，这是中国保障人权的光辉业绩。九年免费义务教育的推行，农村合作医疗制度的建立，社会保障体系的完善，使学有所教、病有所医、老有所养的理想，正在变为现实。

Over the past three decades, more than 200 million Chinese have been lifted out of poverty, the average life expectancy has increased by 5 years, and the 83 million people with disabilities in China have received special care from the government and the society.All this points to the tremendous efforts China has made to protect human rights.We have introduced free nine-year compulsory education throughout the country, established the cooperative medical system in the rural areas and improved the social safety net.The age-old dream of the Chinese nation is being turned into reality a dream to see the young educated, the sick treated and the old cared for.我愿借用两句唐诗形容中国的现状：“潮平两岸阔，风正一帆悬。”中国人正在努力实现现代化，这是一个古而又新的发展中大国进行的一场伟大实践。掌握了自己命运的中国人民，对未来充满信心！

I want to quote from a Tang Dynasty poem to describe what is happening in China, From shore to shore it is wide at high tide, and before fair wind a sail is lifting.The Chinese people are working hard to modernize their country.This is a great practice in a large developing country both ancient and new.The Chinese people, with destiny in their own hands, are full of confidence in their future.我深深爱着的祖国——历经磨难而又自强不息。[/B][/B]

My beloved motherland is a country that stood numerous vicissitudes but never gave up.我年轻时曾长期工作在中国的西北地区。在那浩瀚的沙漠中，生长着一种稀有的树种，叫胡杨。它扎根地下50多米，抗干旱、斗风沙、耐盐碱，生命力极其顽强。它“生而一千年不死，死而一千年不倒，倒而一千年不朽”，世人称为英雄树。我非常喜欢胡杨，它是中华民族坚韧不拔精神的象征。

Earlier in my career, I worked in northwest China for many years.There, in the boundless desert, grows a rare variety of tree called euphrates poplar.Rooted over 50 meters down the ground, they thrive in hostile environments, defying droughts, sandstorms and salinization.They are known as the hero tree, because a euphrates poplar can live for a thousand years.Even after it dies, it stands upright for a thousand years, and even after it falls, it stays intact for another thousand years.I like euphrates poplar because they symbolize the resilience of the Chinese nation.千百年来，中华民族一次次战胜了天灾人祸，渡过了急流险滩，昂首挺胸地走到今天。深重的灾难，铸就了她百折不挠、自强不息的品格。中华民族的历史证明了一个真理：一个民族在灾难中失去的，必将从民族的进步中得到补偿。

Over the millennia, the Chinese nation has weathered numerous disasters, both natural and man-made, surmounted all kinds of difficulties and challenges, and made her way to where she proudly stands today.The long sufferings have only made her a nation of fortitude and perseverance.The experience of the Chinese nation attests to a truth: what a nation loses in times of disaster will be made up for by her progress.www.xiexiebang.com

此时此刻，我不禁想起在汶川地震灾区的亲身经历。去年5月，四川汶川发生震惊世界的特大地震，北川中学被夷为平地，孩子伤亡惨重。可是，时隔10天，当我第二次来到这里时，乡亲们已在废墟上搭起了板房教室，校园里又回荡着孩子们朗朗的读书声。当时我在黑板上，给同学们写下了“多难兴邦”几个字。地震发生以来，我7次到汶川灾区，碰到这样感人的事迹不胜枚举。我为我们中华民族这种愈挫愈奋的精神深深感动。这种伟大的精神，正是我们的民族饱经忧患而愈益坚强、生生不息的力量源泉。

I am reminded of the experience that I had in Wenchuan, Sichuan Province after the devastating earthquake there last May.That earthquake shocked the whole world.It flattened Beichuan Middle School and claimed many young lives.But only 10 days after the earthquake, when I went there for the second time, I had before my eyes new classrooms built on debris by local villagers with planks.Once again, the campus echoed with the sound of students reading aloud.I wrote down 4 Chinese characters on the blackboard, meaning A country will emerge stronger from adversities.I have been to Wenchuan seven times since the earthquake and witnessed countless touching scenes like this.I am deeply moved by the unyielding spirit of my people.This great national spirit is the source of strength which has enabled the Chinese nation to emerge from all the hardships stronger than before.经过半个多世纪的艰苦奋斗，中国有了比较大的发展，经济总量跃居世界前列，但我们仍然是一个发展中国家，同发达国家相比还有很大的差距。人口多，底子薄，发展不平衡，这种基本国情还没有从根本上得到改变。中国的人均GDP水平，排在世界100位之后，仅为英国的1/16左右。到过中国旅游的朋友，你们所看到的城市是现代的，而我们的农村还比较落后。

With hard work over the past half century and more, China has achieved great progress.Its total economic output is now one of the largest in the world.However, we remain a developing country and we are keenly aware of the big gap that we have with the developed countries.There has been no fundamental change in our basic national condition: a big population, weak economic foundation and uneven development.China's per capita GDP ranks behind 100 countries in the world and is only about 1/18 that of Britain.Those of you who have been to China as tourists must have seen the modern cities, but our rural areas are still quite backward.到本世纪中叶，中国要基本实现现代化，面临三大历史任务：既要努力实现欧洲早已完成的工业化，又要追赶新科技革命的浪潮；既要不断提高经济发展水平，又要实现社会公平正义；既要实现国内的可持续发展，又要承担相应的国际责任。中国要赶上发达国家水平，还有很长很长的路要走，还会遇到许多艰难险阻。但是，任何困难都阻挡不住中国人民前进的步伐，只要我们坚持不懈地努力奋斗，中国现代化的目标就一定能够实现。

To basically achieve modernization by the middle of this century, we must accomplish three major tasks: first, achieve industrialization, which Europe has long completed, while keeping abreast of the latest trends of the scientific and technological revolution;second, promote economic growth while ensuring social equity and justice;and third, pursue sustainable development at home while accepting our share of international responsibilities.The journey ahead will be long and arduous, but no amount of difficulty will stop the Chinese people from marching forward.Through persistent efforts, we will reach our goal.我深深爱着的祖国——珍视传统而又开放兼容。[/B][/B]

My beloved motherland is a country that values her traditions while opening her arms to the outside world.中华传统文化底蕴深厚、博大精深。“和”在中国古代历史上被奉为最高价值，是中华文化的精髓。中国古老的经典——《尚书》就提出“百姓昭明，协和万邦”的理想，主张人民和睦相处，国家友好往来。

The traditional Chinese culture is rich, extensive and profound.Harmony, the supreme value cherished in ancient China, lies at the heart of the Chinese culture.The Book of History, an ancient classic in China for example, advocates amity among people and friendly exchanges among nations.“和为贵”的文化传统，哺育了中华民族宽广博大的胸怀。我们的民族，既能像大地承载万物一样，宽厚包容；又能像苍天刚健运行一样，彰显正义。

The Chinese cultural tradition values peace as the most precious.This has nurtured the broad mind of the Chinese nation.The Chinese nation is generous and tolerant, just as Mother Earth cares for all living things.She is in constant pursuit of justice, just as the eternal movement of the Universe.15世纪，中国着名航海家郑和七下西洋，到过三十几个国家。他带去了中国的茶叶、丝绸、瓷器，还帮助沿途有的国家剿灭海盗，真正做到了播仁爱于友邦。

In the 15th century, the famous Chinese navigator Zheng He led seven maritime expeditions to the Western Seas and reached over 30countries.He took with him Chinese tea, silk and porcelain and helped local people fight pirates as he sailed along.He was truly a messenger of love and friendship.国强必霸，不适合中国。称霸，既有悖于我们的文化传统，也违背中国人民意志。中国的发展不损害任何人，也不威胁任何人。中国要做和平的大国、学习的大国、合作的大国，致力于建设一个和谐的世界。

The argument that a big power is bound to seek hegemony does not apply to China.Seeking hegemony goes against China's cultural tradition as well as the will of the Chinese people.China's development harms no one and threatens no one.We shall be a peace-loving country, a country that is eager to learn from and cooperate with others.We are committed to building a harmonious world.不同国家、不同民族的文化，需要相互尊重、相互包容和相互学习。今天的中国，有3亿人在学英语，有100多万青年人在国外留学。我们的电视、广播、出版等新闻传媒，天天都在介绍世界各地的文化艺术。正因为我们善于在交流中学习，在借鉴中收获，才有今天中国的繁荣和进步。

Different countries and nations need to respect, tolerate and learn from each other's culture.Today, 300 million Chinese are learning English and over one million of our young people are studying abroad.The cultures and arts of various parts of the world are featured daily on China's television, radio and print media.Had we not learned from others through exchanges and enriched ourselves by drawing on others' experience, we would not have enjoyed today's prosperity and progress.进入21世纪，经济全球化、信息网络化，已经把世界连成一体，文化的发展将不再是各自封闭的，而是在相互影响中多元共存。一个国家、一个民族对人类文化贡献的大小，越来越取决于她吸收外来文化的能力和自我更新的能力。中国将永远坚持开放兼容的方针，既珍视传统，又博采众长，用文明的方式、和谐的方式实现经济繁荣和社会进步。

In the 21st century, economic globalization and the information network have linked us all together.Different cultures live together and influence each other.No culture can flourish in isolation.How much a country or a nation contributes to the culture of humanity is increasingly determined by her ability to absorb foreign cultures and renew herself.That is why China will remain open and receptive, value her own traditions while drawing on others' successful experience, and achieve economic prosperity and social progress in a civilized and harmonious way.女士们，先生们！

Ladies and Gentlemen，我之所以强调用发展的眼光看中国，就是因为世界在变，中国也在变。如今的中国，早已不是一百年前封闭落后的旧中国，也不是30年前贫穷僵化的中国。经过改革开放，中国的面貌已焕然一新。北京奥运会向世界展示的，就是这样一个古老、多彩和现代的中国。我希望朋友们，多到中国走一走、看一看，了解今天的中国人究竟在想什么、做什么、关心什么。这样，有助于你们认识一个真实的、不断发展变化着的中国，也有助于你们了解中国是如何应对当前这场全球性金融危机的。

I stress the importance of seeing China in the light of her development, because the world is changing and China is changing.China is no longer the closed and backward society it was 100 years ago, or the poor and ossified society 30 years ago.Thanks to reform and opening-up, China has taken on a new look.What the Beijing Olympic Games showcased is a colorful China, both ancient and modern.I therefore encourage you to visit China more often and see more places there.This way, you will better understand what the Chinese people are thinking and doing, and what they are interested in.You will get to know the true China, a country constantly developing and changing.You will also better appreciate how China has been tackling the ongoing global financial crisis.在这场前所未有的世界金融危机中，中国和包括英国在内的欧洲都受到严重冲击。现在危机尚未见底，由此可能带来的各种严重后果还难以预料。合作应对、共渡难关，是我们的首要任务。

This unprecedented financial crisis has inflicted a severe impact on both China and Britain as well as other European countries.The crisis has not yet hit the bottom, and it is hard to predict what further damage it may cause.To work together and tide over the difficulties has become our top priority.我认为，应对全球性危机，需要增进合作。有多大程度的相互信任，就可能有多大程度的合作。中国政府主张：第一，要首先办好各国自己的事情，不把麻烦推给别人；第二，要精诚合作，不搞以邻为壑；第三，要标本兼治，不能头疼医头、脚疼医脚。我在达沃斯会议上已重申，应该对国际货币金融体系进行必要的改革，建立公平、公正、包容、有序的国际金融新秩序，努力营造有利于全球经济发展的制度环境。

I believe that closer cooperation is needed to meet the global crisis, and the level of cooperation hinges upon the level of mutual trust.The Chinese Government maintains that countries should: first and foremost, run their own affairs well and refrain from shifting troubles onto others;second, carry out cooperation with full sincerity and avoid pursuing one's own interests at the expense of others;and third, address both the symptoms and the root cause of the problem.A palliative approach will not work.We should not treat only the head when the head aches, and the foot when the foot hurts.As I reiterated at the World Economic Forum Annual Meeting in Davos, necessary reform of the international monetary and financial systems should be carried out to establish a new international financial order that is fair, equitable, inclusive and well-managed.We should create an institutional environment conducive to global economic growth.www.xiexiebang.com

这里我想谈一谈中国是如何应对这场金融危机的。

Let me talk briefly about how China has been responding to the crisis.金融危机对中国实体经济的影响日益显现。从去年第三季度以来，出口大幅下滑，经济增速放缓，就业压力加大。中国经济面临着严峻的局面。面对危机，我们果断决策，及时调整宏观经济政策取向，迅速出台扩大国内需求的十项措施，陆续制定了一系列政策，形成了系统完整的促进经济平稳较快发展的一揽子计划。主要包括以下几个方面：

The fallout of the financial crisis on China's real economy is becoming more evident.Since the third quarter of last year, our exports have declined sharply, economic growth has slowed down, and the pressure on employment has been rising.In the face of the grim situation, we have acted decisively.We have made timely adjustment to the direction of our macroeconomic policy, promptly introduced ten measures to expand domestic demand, and formulated a series of related policies.Together, they make up a systematic and comprehensive package plan aimed at promoting steady and relatively fast economic growth.Its main contents are:

一是大规模增加政府支出扩大内需。中国政府推出了以财政支出带动社会投资，总额达4万亿元的两年计划，规模相当于2007年中国GDP的16%。主要投向保障性安居工程、农村民生工程、铁路交通等基础设施、社会事业、生态环保建设和地震灾后恢复重建。中国政府还推出了大规模的减税计划，一年可减轻企业和居民负担约5000亿元。我们还大幅度降息和增加银行体系流动性，出台了一系列金融措施。

First, substantially increase government spending to boost domestic demand.The Chinese Government has announced a two-year investment program that will generate, through fiscal spending, a total investment of RMB 4 trillion nationwide, equivalent to 16% of China's GDP in 2007.The money will mainly go into government-subsidized housing, projects related to the well-being of rural residents, the construction of railway and other infrastructural projects, social development programs, environmental protection and post-earthquake recovery and reconstruction.The Chinese Government has introduced a massive tax-cut program, which will reduce the tax burdens on businesses and individuals by about RMB 500 billion each year.We have also cut interest rates by a large margin, increased liquidity in the banking system and adopted a range of financial measures.二是大范围实施产业调金融危机整振兴计划。我们全面推进产业结构调整和优化升级，制定汽车、钢铁等十个重点产业的调整和振兴规划。我们采取经济和技术的措施，大力推进节能减排，推进企业兼并重组，提高产业集中度和资源配置效率。我们鼓励和支持企业广泛应用新技术、新工艺、新设备、新材料，开发适销对路产品。

Second, implement a large-scale industrial restructuring and rejuvenation program.We are pushing forward industrial restructuring and upgrading across the board and formulating plans for the restructuring and revitalization of ten key industries, including automobiles and iron and steel.We will take economic and technological measures to boost energy conservation and reduce emissions, and promote merger and reorganization of enterprises to raise the level of industry concentration and the efficiency of resource allocation.We encourage and support the extensive application of new technologies, techniques, equipment and materials and the development of marketable products by enterprises.三是大力推进科技进步和创新。科技是克服金融危机的根本力量。每一场大的危机常常伴随一场新的科技革命；每一次经济的复苏，都离不开技术创新。我们加快实施国家中长期科学和技术发展规划，特别是核心电子器件、核能开发利用、高档数控机床等16个重大专项，突破一批核心技术和关键共性技术，为中国经济在更高水平上实现可持续发展提供科技支撑。推动发展高新技术产业群，培育新的经济增长点。我们就是要依靠科学技术的重大突破，创造新的社会需求，催生新一轮的经济繁荣。

Third, make energetic efforts for progress and innovation in science and technology.Science and technology are of fundamental importance in overcoming the financial crisis.A major crisis is usually followed by a revolution in science and technology, and no economic recovery is possible without technological innovation.We are stepping up the implementation of the National Program for Medium-and Long-Term Scientific and Technological Development, with special emphasis on 16 major projects including core electronic devices, development and use of nuclear energy and advanced numerically controlled machine tools.We will strive to make breakthroughs in a host of core technologies and key generic technologies to support sustainable economic growth at a higher level.We will promote the development of high-tech industrial clusters and cultivate new economic growth areas.All in all, we will rely on major breakthroughs in science and technology to foster new social demand and bring about a new round of economic boom.四是大幅度提高社会保障水平。继续提高企业退休人员基本养老金，提高失业保险金和工伤保险金标准，提高城乡低保、农村五保等保障水平。积极推进医药卫生体制改革，力争用三年时间基本建成覆盖全国城乡的基本医疗卫生制度，初步实现人人享有基本医疗卫生服务。我们坚持优先发展教育，正在制定《国家中长期教育改革和发展规划纲要》。我们实施更加积极的就业政策，重点解决高校毕业生和农民工就业问题。开辟就业岗位，缓解就业压力。我们采取这些措施，把扩大国内需求、调整振兴产业、加强科技支撑、强化社会保障结合起来，把拉动经济增长和改善民生、增加就业结合起来，把克服当前困难和促进长远发展结合起来。这样做，有利于中国的发展，也将给包括英国在内的世界各国企业带来巨大的商机。

Fourth, significantly raise the level of social security.We will continue to increase basic pension for enterprise retirees and upgrade the standard of unemployment insurance and workers' compensation.We will raise the level of basic cost of living allowances in both urban and rural areas and welfare allowances for those rural residents without family support.We are advancing the reform of the medical and health system and working to put in place a nationwide basic medical and health system covering both urban and rural areas within three years and achieve the goal of everyone having access to basic medical and health service.We give priority to education and are now working on the Guidelines of the National Program for Medium-and Long-Term Educational Reform and Development.We are following a more active employment policy with special emphasis on helping college graduates and migrant workers find jobs.We are endeavoring to create more jobs and lessen the impact of the financial crisis on employment.The aforementioned measures will help us boost domestic demand, readjust and reinvigorate industries, enhance the support of science and technology and strengthen social security all at the same time.They will stimulate consumption through increased investment, drive economic growth while improving people's livelihood and creating more jobs, and see us through current difficulties while also improving the long-term prospect of the Chinese economy.They will not only benefit China's development, but also bring enormous business opportunities to other countries, Britain included.这场百年一遇的金融危机，留给世人的思考是沉重的。它警示人们，对现行的经济体制和经济理论，应该进行深刻的反思。

This once-in-a-century financial crisis is truly thought-provoking.It reminds us of the need to have serious reflections on the existing economic systems and theories.www.xiexiebang.com

中国曾长期实行高度集中的计划经济，把计划看成是绝对的，束缚了生产力的发展。这场金融危机使我们看到，市场也不是万能的，一味放任自由，势必引起经济秩序的混乱和社会分配的不公，最终受到惩罚。真正的市场化改革，决不会把市场机制与国家宏观调控对立起来。既要发挥市场这只看不见的手的作用，又要发挥政府和社会监管这只看得见的手的作用。两手都要硬，两手同时发挥作用，才能实现按照市场规律配置资源，也才能使资源配置合理、协调、平衡、可持续。

For many years in the past, China practiced a highly centralized planned economy and regarded planning as being absolute.This hampered the development of productivity.The ongoing financial crisis has made it clear to us, however, that the market is not a cure-all, either.A totally laissez-faire approach will inevitably lead to economic disorder and unfair social distribution, and will eventually take its toll.A credible market-oriented reform should never set the market against government macro-regulation.The invisible hand of the market and the visible hand of government and social supervision should both act, and act vigorously.Only in this way can resources be distributed according to market rules and distributed in a reasonable, coordinated, balanced and sustainable manner.国际金融危机再次告诉人们，不受监管的市场经济是多么可怕。从上世纪90年代以来，一些经济体疏于监管，一些金融机构受利益驱动，利用数十倍的金融杠杆进行超额融资，在获取高额利润的同时，把巨大的风险留给整个世界。这充分说明，不受管理的市场经济是注定行不通的。因此，必须处理好金融创新与金融监管的关系、虚拟经济与实体经济的关系、储蓄与消费的关系。

The international financial crisis once again shows how dangerous a market economy without regulation can be.Since the 1990s, some profit-driven financial institutions in economies lacking effective regulation have raised massive capital with a leverage of dozens of times.While they reaped huge profits, the world was exposed to enormous risks.This fully demonstrates that a totally unregulated market economy cannot work.We must strike a balance between financial innovation and regulation, between the financial sector and real economy, and between savings and consumption.有效应对这场危机，还必须高度重视道德的作用。道德是世界上最伟大的，道德的光芒甚至比阳光还要灿烂。真正的经济学理论，决不会同最高的伦理道德准则产生冲突。经济学说应该代表公正和诚信，平等地促进所有人，包括最弱势人群的福祉。被誉为现代经济学之父的亚当?斯密在《道德情操论》中指出：“如果一个社会的经济发展成果不能真正分流到大众手中，那么它在道义上将是不得人心的，而且是有风险的，因为它注定要威胁社会稳定。”道德缺失是导致这次金融危机的一个深层次原因。一些人见利忘义，损害公众利益，丧失了道德底线。我们应该倡导：企业要承担社会责任，企业家身上要流淌着道德的血液。

To effectively meet the crisis, we must fully recognize the role of morality.Nothing is greater than morality.It shines even more brightly than the sun.True economic theories will never come into conflict with the highest moral and ethical standards.Instead, they should stand for justice and integrity, and contribute in an equal way to the well-being of all people, including the most vulnerable ones.Adam Smith, known as the father of modern economics, held the view in The Theory of Moral Sentiments that if the fruits of a society's economic development cannot be shared by all, it is morally unsound and risky, as it is bound to jeopardize social stability.The loss of morality is an underlying cause for the current crisis.Some people have sacrificed principle and sought profits at the expense of public interests.They have crossed the moral baseline.We should call on all enterprises to take up their social responsibilities.Within the body of every businessman should flow the blood of morality.www.xiexiebang.com

女士们，先生们！

Ladies and Gentlemen，英国是我这次欧洲之行的最后一站。这次访问，加深了我对欧洲的了解。中欧合作已经站在一个新的历史起点上。我对中欧发展全面战略伙伴关系更加充满信心。我们之间不存在历史遗留问题，也不存在根本利害冲突。中欧合作基础坚实，前景光明。英国是最早进入现代化的国家，你们在发展经济、保护环境等方面，都有许多成功的经验。我们愿意向你们学习，加强交流与合作。

Britain is the last leg of my European trip.I have gained a deeper understanding of Europe through this visit.China-EU cooperation is now standing at a new historical starting point and I am all the more confident about the China-EU comprehensive strategic partnership.There are no outstanding issues left over from history or conflict of fundamental interests between the two sides.What we have is a solid foundation and a bright future for cooperation.As the first industrialized country, Britain has accumulated rich experience in economic development and environmental protection.We hope to learn from your experience and strengthen exchanges and cooperation with you.未来属于青年一代。中英关系的美好前景要靠青年去开拓。抚今追昔，我想起对中英文化交流作出重要贡献的剑桥校友李约瑟博士。他的鸿篇巨着《中国科学技术史》，在东西方两大文明之间架起了一座桥梁。继承传统、勇于创新，是剑桥大学的优秀品格。希望更多的剑桥人关注中国，用发展的眼光看中国，做中英交流的友好使者。我相信，只要中英两国青年相互学习，携手共进，一定会谱写出中英关系的崭新篇章。

The future belongs to the younger generation.It is incumbent upon you to build an even more splendid future of China-Britain relations.Here and now, I cannot but mention Dr.Joseph Needham, a Cambridge alumnus who made important contribution to cultural exchanges between China and Britain.With his monumental masterpiece, Science and Civilization in China, he built a bridge between the two great civilizations of East and West.To honor tradition and innovation is the outstanding character of Cambridge.I hope more of you will turn your eyes to China, see my country in the light of her development, and act as ambassadors of China-Britain friendship.I believe that as long as you, the young people of China and Britain learn from each other and strive for progress hand in hand, you will add a brilliant new chapter to the annals of our relations.谢谢大家！

Thank you!

第三篇：温家宝总理在剑桥大学演讲侧记

下午3：30，能容纳500人的剑桥大学音乐厅座无虚席。温总理在理查德校长和身着古典礼服的司仪陪同下步入会场，受到师生们的热烈欢迎。温总理走上讲台，首先给大家鞠了一个躬。他说，这不是礼节，而是一个学生对待校长和老师应尽的礼貌。全场听众对温总理谦逊、亲和的开场白报以真诚的掌声。

接下来温总理发表了题为《用发展的眼光看中国》的演讲。他用凝炼、有力的语言深情地描绘了一个古而又新、历经磨难而又自强不息、珍视传统而又开放兼容的中国，阐释了中华民族追求进步、崇尚和谐的精神世界，用信心、合作和责任鼓舞人们勇敢地携手应对国际金融危机，共渡难关。

然而，正当全场听众凝神聆听温总理精彩演讲时，会场后排角落里一个西方人模样的男子突然开始吹哨喊叫，并向讲台投掷鞋子。全场听众对这一捣乱行为表现出义愤和蔑视，“耻辱!”“滚出去!”，在一片斥责声中，该男子被工作人员带离了现场。

温总理在台上始终镇定自若。他停顿了片刻，用平静而坚定的声音说：“老师们、同学们，这种卑鄙的伎俩阻挡不了中英两国人民的友谊!”全场顿时爆发出雷鸣般的掌声。温总理举起右手，有力地一挥，又说：“人类的进步、世界的和谐是任何力量也阻挡不了的!”场上再次爆发出经久不息的掌声。

温总理继续演讲。他赞扬剑桥大学前校长李约瑟博士的鸿篇巨著《中国科学技术史》在东西方两大文明之间架起了一座桥梁，认为继承传统、勇于创新是剑桥大学的优秀品格。温总理希望更多的剑桥人关注中国，用发展的眼光看中国，做中英交流的友好使者，勉励中英两国青年相互学习，携手共进，谱写中英关系崭新篇章。最后，温总理还从容地回答了学生的提问。会场上不断响起阵阵热烈的掌声。

演讲结束了，外面仍在下着鹅毛大雪。当温总理离开剑桥时，许多师生自发聚集在道路两旁欢送，其中不少人虽然没有得到入场聆听演讲的机会，但为了向温总理问个好，同温总理握个手，已经在雪地中等候许久。他们为温总理喝彩，为中国喝彩，为中英友谊喝彩。相信若干年以后当人们再回想起发生在剑桥的这一切，会更加深刻地理解温总理那句掷地有声的话：“人类的进步、世界的和谐是任何力量也阻挡不了的!”

xiexiebang.com范文网【www.xiexiebang.com】

第四篇：温家宝总理在第六届中欧工商峰会上的演讲

温家宝总理在第六届中欧工商峰会上的演讲

（２０１０年１０月６日，布鲁塞尔）

两年前，金融危机刚刚爆发时，我在中欧工商峰会上演讲强调的是信心，今天我要强调的是冷静、智慧和勇气。面对中欧这么多工商界领袖，我想重点讲讲欧盟工商界关心的几个问题，借此机会澄清事实，消除误会，使我们合作得更好。

一个基本的事实是，中欧之间贸易和投资发展很快。据欧盟统计，在金融危机的影响下，２００９年欧盟的出口整体下降，但对中国出口增长４％。今年上半年欧盟对中国出口更是增长了４２％。昨天晚上，我对德国进行了短暂访问，我对默克尔总理讲，中德贸易大约是每个月１００亿美元，今年可能超过１２００亿美元。整个中欧贸易２００９年约４０００亿美元，今年可能超过５０００亿美元。这就是基本现状和事实。

关于人民币汇率，我昨天同欧元区“三驾马车”会谈时讲，欧洲的领导人和工商界不要参与压迫人民币升值。看一下基本事实，从１９９４年人民币汇率形成机制改革到现在，人民币实际有效汇率已升值５５％，而一些主要货币都是贬值的。２００５年７月人民币汇率形成机制进一步深化改革，到目前，人民币兑美元升值２２％，这期间中国对美国贸易顺差仍大幅增加。中国货物贸易是顺差，服务贸易是逆差；加工贸易是顺差，一般贸易是逆差；对美国、欧盟是顺差，对韩国、日本和东盟是逆差。难道这还不能说明这是贸易结构问题而不是汇率问题吗？最近欧元汇率波动很大，但不是人民币带来的，而是美元造成的，怎么能把这个帐算到中国头上？贸易不平衡是全球化条件下的结构性问题，不要把它政治化。我们的目标是追求平衡、可持续的贸易，绝不追求顺差。

２００９年１月，在寒冷的冬天，我访问了欧洲，除了带去战胜金融危机的信心之外，还及时派出采购团，向欧洲国家采购产品。欧盟是中国的战略伙伴，当欧元区一些国家发生困难时，中国没有袖手旁观，稳定持有并购买欧元债券，在最困难时候帮助了冰岛、希腊、西班牙、葡萄牙、意大利。今后我们还会继续支持，帮助一些国家度过难关。在座的企业家心里很清楚，中国够朋友。从另外一个方面讲，也不要压人民币升值。中国许多出口企业利润率只有２％－３％，最高也只有５％。如果按一些人的要求，人民币汇率升值２０％－４０％，中国出口企业将大量倒闭，工人将失业，农民工将返乡，社会很难稳定。中国经济出现危机对世界绝不是好事。

２００９年，中国对世界经济增长贡献率占５０％。对许多企业来讲，中国是广阔、富有潜力的市场。今天，我再次坦诚地告诉工商界朋友，不要压人民币升值。人民币汇率机制要进行改革，我们坚定不移。这项改革就是要形成以市场供求为基础，参考一篮子货币进行调节、有管理的浮动汇率制度，逐步增强人民币汇率弹性，保持人民币汇率在合理均衡水平上的基本稳定。如果人民币汇率不稳定，企业就会不稳定，就业就会不稳定，社会就会不稳定，如果中国经济和社会出现问题，将会给世界带来灾难。

第二个问题，中国投资环境好还是不好。我要告诉大家，中国将坚定不移推进改革开放，不会有丝毫改变。只有改革开放，中国才能发展。改革开放形成的基本政策不会改变。唯一的变化是现在对外商投资的管理更加规范、更有秩序。

企业家对投资环境的关心，无非三个方面：一是知识产权，二是自主创新，三是政府采购。我可以负责任地告诉大家，所有在中国依法注册的企业都享受国民待遇，在华外资企业制造的产品就是中国制造，我们不仅要保护你们的知识产权，而且要保护你们所有的合法权益。

第三个问题是原材料出口，具体就是稀土出口。我从事稀土研究多年，在这个问题上有发言权。稀土有两种，一种是重稀土，一种是轻稀土。稀土分布在中国不同地区，重稀土主要产自南方，比如江西，轻稀土主要产自北方，比如内蒙古包头。在上世纪八九十年代，中国对稀土缺乏管理，也缺乏提炼稀土的技术。在中国管理最混乱的时候，一些国家廉价购买了中国很多稀土，现在还有不少储备，他们心知肚明。中国稀土产量占世界比重很大，远大于储量占世界的比重，我们没有封锁，也不会封锁。要保持稀土可持续发展，不仅满足本国需要还要照顾世界需要，不仅立足当前，更要着眼长远。对稀土加以管理和控制是必要的，但决不会封锁。中国不会把稀土作为讨价还价的工具，我们的目的是为了世界的可持续发展。

中国希望与欧盟国家发展更广泛、更深入、更紧密的经贸关系。在贸易与投资方面，欧盟已成为中国最大伙伴，远远超过美国和日本。坦率的说，欧盟在放宽对中国高技术出口方面做的比较好。比如，伽利略计划合作、空客的合作、核电合作，今天上午比利时国王还跟我提及第四代小型核技术合作。

发展中欧经贸关系符合双方的根本利益。今天站在这里，我感到责任重大，一定要为推进中欧经贸合作竭尽全力，努力克服合作中出现的暂时困难和问题。

让我们携起手来，共同推动中欧经贸关系发展，共创中欧全面战略伙伴关系美好未来。

第五篇：温家宝总理在英国剑桥大学演讲全文

用发展的眼光看中国━━在剑桥大学的演讲

中华人民共和国国务院总理 温家宝

尊敬的校长，老师们，同学们：

今天外边下着大雪，天气严寒，但是我的心是热的。我早已盼望在剑桥同老师、同学们见面，互相交流。现在正是金融危机的严冬季节，但是我看到年轻人，仿佛看到了春天，看到了光明和未来。因为我坚信，知识的力量，年轻人的勇气，是可以改变人的命运、国家的命运、整个世界的命运。一篇好的演讲应该是不加修饰的。用心说话，讲真话，这就是演讲的实质。我希望我的演讲能够给老师、同学们思想以启迪。你们能够记住其中一两句话，那我也就满足了。

到高等学府，我的心里总是充满敬意。这种心情是由于我对知识、对老师、对学校的尊敬。所以，我方才深深地给校长、给老师们鞠个躬，那不是礼节，而是一个学生对待校长和老师应尽的礼貌。

来到向往已久的剑桥大学，非常高兴。剑桥举世闻名，培养出牛顿、达尔文、培根等许多杰出的科学家、思想家，为人类文明进步作出了重要贡献。今年是剑桥建校800周年，我谨致以热烈祝贺!首先，我向剑桥大学赠送“中华数字书苑”，其中收录了中国出版的20万种电子图书，涉及中国政治、经济、历史、文化等各个领域，大家可以从中更多地了解中国。

这是我第四次访问英国。中英相距遥远，但两国人民的友好交往不断增多。香港问题的圆满解决，经贸、文教、科技等领域的有效合作，为发展中英全面战略伙伴关系奠定了坚实基础。在此，我向长期致力于中英友好的朋友们表示崇高的敬意!

今天，我演讲的题目是：用发展的眼光看中国。

我深深爱着的祖国——古老而又年轻。

说她古老，她是一个有着数千年文明史的东方大国。中华民族以自己的勤劳和智慧，创造了灿烂的古代文明，对人类发展作出过重大贡献。

说她年轻，新中国成立才60年，改革开放才30年。中国人民经过长期不懈的斗争建立了新中国，又经过艰苦的探索，终于找到了适合国情的发展道路——中国特色社会主义道路，文明古国焕发了青春活力。

中国改革开放，最重要的是解放思想，最根本、最具有长远意义的是体制创新。我们推进经济体制改革，建立了社会主义市场经济体制。在政府的宏观调控下，充分发挥市场对资源配置的基础性作用。我们深化政治体制改革，把发展民主和完善法制结合起来，实行人民当家作主，依法治国，建设社会主义法治国家。

改革开放的实质，就是坚持以人为本，通过解放和发展生产力满足人们日益增长的物质文化需求，在公正的条件下促进人的全面发展;就是保障人民的民主权利，让国家政通人和、兴旺发达;就是维护人的尊严和自由，让每个人的智慧和力量得以迸发，成功地追求自己的幸福生活。

30年来，中国贫困人口减少了2亿多，人均寿命提高了5岁，8300万残疾人得到政府和社会的特殊关爱，这是中国保障人权的光辉业绩。九年免费义务教育的推行，农村合作医疗制度的建立，社会保障体系的完善，使学有所教、病有所医、老有所养的理想，正在变为现实。

我愿借用两句唐诗形容中国的现状：“潮平两岸阔，风正一帆悬。”中国人正在努力实现现代化，这是一个古而又新的发展中大国进行的一场伟大实践。掌握了自己命运的中国人民，对未来充满信心!

我深深爱着的祖国——历经磨难而又自强不息。

我年轻时曾长期工作在中国的西北地区。在那浩瀚的沙漠中，生长着一种稀有的树种，叫胡杨。它扎根地下50多米，抗干旱、斗风沙、耐盐碱，生命力极其顽强。它“生而一千年不死，死而一千年不倒，倒而一千年不朽”，世人称为英雄树。我非常喜欢胡杨，它是中华民族坚韧不拔精神的象征。

千百年来，中华民族一次次战胜了天灾人祸，渡过了急流险滩，昂首挺胸地走到今天。深重的灾难，铸就了她百折不挠、自强不息的品格。中华民族的历史证明了一个真理：一个民族在灾难中失去的，必将从民族的进步中得到补偿。

此时此刻，我不禁想起在汶川地震灾区的亲身经历。去年5月，四川汶川发生震惊世界的特大地震，北川中学被夷为平地，孩子伤亡惨重。可是，时隔10天，当我第二次来到这里时，乡亲们已在废墟上搭起了板房教室，校园里又回荡着孩子们朗朗的读书声。当时我在黑板上，给同学们写下了“多难兴邦”几个字。地震发生以来，我7次到汶川灾区，碰到这样感人的事迹不胜枚举。我为我们中华民族这种愈挫愈奋的精神深深感动。这种伟大的精神，正是我们的民族饱经忧患而愈益坚强、生生不息的力量源泉。

经过半个多世纪的艰苦奋斗，中国有了比较大的发展，经济总量跃居世界前列，但我们仍然是一个发展中国家，同发达国家相比还有很大的差距。人口多，底子薄，发展不平衡，这种基本国情还没有从根本上得到改变。中国的人均GDp水平，排在世界100位之后，仅为英国的十八分之一。到过中国旅游的朋友，你们所看到的城市是现代的，而我们的农村还比较落后。

到本世纪中叶，中国要基本实现现代化，面临三大历史任务：既要努力实现欧洲早已完成的工业化，又要追赶新科技革命的浪潮;既要不断提高经济发展水平，又要实现社会公平正义;既要实现国内的可持续发展，又要承担相应的国际责任。中国要赶上发达国家水平，还有很长很长的路要走，还会遇到许多艰难险阻。但是，任何困难都阻挡不住中国人民前进的步伐，只要我们坚持不懈地努力奋斗，中国现代化的目标就一定能够实现。

我深深爱着的祖国——珍视传统而又开放兼容。

中华传统文化底蕴深厚、博大精深。“和”在中国古代历史上被奉为最高价值，是中华文化的精髓。中国古老的经典——《尚书》就提出“百姓昭明，协和万邦”的理想，主张人民和睦相处，国家友好往来。

“和为贵”的文化传统，哺育了中华民族宽广博大的胸怀。我们的民族，既能像大地承载万物一样，宽厚包容;又能像苍天刚健运行一样，彰显正义。

15世纪，中国著名航海家郑和七下西洋，到过三十几个国家。他带去了中国的茶叶、丝绸、瓷器，还帮助沿途有的国家剿灭海盗，真正做到了播仁爱于友邦。

国强必霸，不适合中国。称霸，既有悖于我们的文化传统，也违背中国人民意志。中国的发展不损害任何人，也不威胁任何人。中国要做和平的大国、学习的大国、合作的大国，致力于建设一个和谐的世界。

不同国家、不同民族的文化，需要相互尊重、相互包容和相互学习。今天的中国，有3亿人在学英语，有100多万青年人在国外留学。我们的电视、广播、出版等新闻传媒，天天都在介绍世界各地的文化艺术。正因为我们善于在交流中学习，在借鉴中收获，才有今天中国的繁荣和进步。

进入21世纪，经济全球化、信息网络化，已经把世界连成一体，文化的发展将不再是各自封闭的，而是在相互影响中多元共存。一个国家、一个民族对人类文化贡献的大小，越来越取决于她吸收外来文化的能力和自我更新的能力。中国将永远坚持开放兼容的方针，既珍视传统，又博采众长，用文明的方式、和谐的方式实现经济繁荣和社会进步。

老师们，同学们：

我之所以强调用发展的眼光看中国，就是因为世界在变，中国也在变。如今的中国，早已不是一百年前封闭落后的旧中国，也不是30年前贫穷僵化的中国。经过改革开放，中国的面貌已焕然一新。北京奥运会向世界展示的，就是这样一个古老、多彩和现代的中国。我希望朋友们，多到中国走一走、看一看，了解今天的中国人究竟在想什么、做什么、关心什么。这样，有助于你们认识一个真实的、不断发展变化着的中国，也有助于你们了解中国是如何应对当前这场全球性金融危机的。

在这场前所未有的世界金融危机中，中国和包括英国在内的欧洲都受到严重冲击。现在危机尚未见底，由此可能带来的各种严重后果还难以预料。合作应对、共渡难关，是我们的首要任务。

我认为，应对全球性危机，需要增进合作。有多大程度的相互信任，就可能有多大程度的合作。中国政府主张：第一，要首先办好各国自己的事情，不把麻烦推给别人;第二，要精诚合作，不搞以邻为壑;第三，要标本兼治，不能头疼医头、脚疼医脚。我在达沃斯会议上已重申，应该对国际货币金融体系进行必要的改革，建立公平、公正、包容、有序的国际金融新秩序，努力营造有利于全球经济发展的制度环境。

这里我想谈一谈中国是如何应对这场金融危机的。

金融危机对中国实体经济的影响日益显现。从去年第三季度以来，出口大幅下滑，经济增速放缓，就业压力加大。中国经济面临着严峻的局面。面对危机，我们果断决策，及时调整宏观经济政策取向，迅速出台扩大国内需求的十项措施，陆续制定了一系列政策，形成了系统完整的促进经济平稳较快发展的一揽子计划。主要包括以下几个方面：

一是大规模增加政府支出扩大内需。中国政府推出了以财政支出带动社会投资，总额达4万亿元的两年计划，规模相当于2007年中国GDp的16%。主要投向保障性安居工程、农村民生工程、铁路交通等基础设施、社会事业、生态环保建设和地震灾后恢复重建。中国政府还推出了大规模的减税计划，一年可减轻企业和居民负担约5000亿元。我们还大幅度降息和增加银行体系流动性，出台了一系列金融措施。

二是大范围实施产业调整振兴计划。我们全面推进产业结构调整和优化升级，制定汽车、钢铁等十个重点产业的调整和振兴规划。我们采取经济和技术的措施，大力推进节能减排，推进企业兼并重组，提高产业集中度和资源配置效率。我们鼓励和支持企业广泛应用新技术、新工艺、新设备、新材料，开发适销对路产品。

三是大力推进科技进步和创新。科技是克服金融危机的根本力量。每一场大的危机常常伴随一场新的科技革命;每一次经济的复苏，都离不开技术创新。我们加快实施国家中长期科学和技术发展规划，特别是核心电子器件、核能开发利用、高档数控机床等16个重大专项，突破一批核心技术和关键共性技术，为中国经济在更高水平上实现可持续发展提供科技支撑。推动发展高新技术产业群，培育新的经济增长点。我们就是要依靠科学技术的重大突破，创造新的社会需求，催生新一轮的经济繁荣。

四是大幅度提高社会保障水平。继续提高企业退休人员基本养老金，提高失业保险金和工伤保险金标准，提高城乡低保、农村五保等保障水平。积极推进医药卫生体制改革，力争用三年时间基本建成覆盖全国城乡的基本医疗卫生制度，初步实现人人享有基本医疗卫生服务。我们坚持优先发展教育，正在制定《国家中长期教育改革和发展规划纲要》。我们实施更加积极的就业政策，重点解决高校毕业生和农民工就业问题。开辟就业岗位，缓解就业压力。

我们采取这些措施，把扩大国内需求、调整振兴产业、加强科技支撑、强化社会保障结合起来，把拉动经济增长和改善民生、增加就业结合起来，把克服当前困难和促进长远发展结合起来。这样做，有利于中国的发展，也将给包括英国在内的世界各国企业带来巨大的商机。

这场百年一遇的金融危机，留给世人的思考是沉重的。它警示人们，对现行的经济体制和经济理论，应该进行深刻的反思。

中国曾长期实行高度集中的计划经济，把计划看成是绝对的，束缚了生产力的发展。这场金融危机使我们看到，市场也不是万能的，一味放任自由，势必引起经济秩序的混乱和社会分配的不公，最终受到惩罚。真正的市场化改革，决不会把市场机制与国家宏观调控对立起来。既要发挥市场这只看不见的手的作用，又要发挥政府和社会监管这只看得见的手的作用。两手都要硬，两手同时发挥作用，才能实现按照市场规律配置资源，也才能使资源配置合理、协调、公平、可持续。

国际金融危机再次告诉人们，不受监管的市场经济是多么可怕。从上世纪90年代以来，一些经济体疏于监管，一些金融机构受利益驱动，利用数十倍的金融杠杆进行超额融资，在获取高额利润的同时，把巨大的风险留给整个世界。这充分说明，不受管理的市场经济是注定行不通的。因此，必须处理好金融创新与金融监管的关系、虚拟经济与实体经济的关系、储蓄与消费的关系。

有效应对这场危机，还必须高度重视道德的作用。道德是世界上最伟大的，道德的光芒甚至比阳光还要灿烂。真正的经济学理论，决不会同最高的伦理道德准则产生冲突。经济学说应该代表公正和诚信，平等地促进所有人，包括最弱势人群的福祉。被誉为现代经济学之父的亚当·斯密在《道德情操论》中指出：“如果一个社会的经济发展成果不能真正分流到大众手中，那么它在道义上将是不得人心的，而且是有风险的，因为它注定要威胁社会稳定。”道德缺失是导致这次金融危机的一个深层次原因。一些人见利忘义，损害公众利益，丧失了道德底线。我们应该倡导：企业要承担社会责任，企业家身上要流淌着道德的血液。

老师们，同学们：

英国是我这次欧洲之行的最后一站。这次访问，加深了我对欧洲的了解。中欧合作已经站在一个新的历史起点上。我对中欧发展全面战略伙伴关系更加充满信心。我们之间不存在历史遗留问题，也不存在根本利害冲突。中欧合作基础坚实，前景光明。英国是最早进入现代化的国家，你们在发展经济、保护环境等方面，都有许多成功的经验。我们愿意向你们学习，加强交流与合作。

未来属于青年一代。中英关系的美好前景要靠青年去开拓。抚今追昔，我想起对中英文化交流作出重要贡献的剑桥校友李约瑟博士。他的鸿篇巨著《中国科学技术史》，在东西方两大文明之间架起了一座桥梁。继承传统、勇于创新，是剑桥大学的优秀品格。希望更多的剑桥人关注中国，用发展的眼光看中国，做中英交流的友好使者。我相信，只要中英两国青年相互学习，携手共进，一定会谱写出中英关系的崭新篇章。

谢谢大家!

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