初中英语知识点总结：连词知识点总结

第一篇：初中英语知识点总结：连词知识点总结

初中英语知识点总结：连词知识点总结

一，表示并列关系的连词有：

and,both…and,neither…nor,either…or,not only…but also，as well as

1．and

“和，并且”，连接对等的词句。（在否定句中要用or连接。）

I like physics and chemistry.我喜欢物理和化学。

I don’t like physics or chemistry.我不喜欢物理和化学。

2．both…and“……和……都”

Both Jim and Mary went to the cinema yesterday.昨天吉姆和玛丽都去看电影了。

Exercise is good both for body and for mind.运动有益于身心。

3．neither…nor两者皆不

He neither smokes nor drinks.他既不抽烟又不喝酒。

I like neither swimming nor skating.我既不喜欢游泳，又不喜欢溜冰。

4．either…or不是…就是…，或者…或者….。

Either you come to the office now,or wait for me at home.你要么现在到办公室来，要么就在家等着。

Either he or I will leave.不是他就是我将要离开。

5．not only…but(also)不但……而且……(not only…but also中的also可以省略。)

Not only she but also I am wrong.不但她错了，我也错了。

He not only made a promise,but kept it.他不仅许诺，而且做到了。

6．as well as也、又

We will rescue Henry as well as you.除了你，我们还要营救亨利。

He likes basketball as well as football.除了足球，他还喜欢篮球。

二、常用的从属连词：

（一）引导时间状语从句的连词有：when,while,since,until,after,before,as soon as

1．when当……时

When we got there,the meeting had begun.我们到时，会议已经开始了。

It was raining when she arrived at the station.她到达车站时，正在下雨。588.es

2．while正当……时，正在……时。（while引导的从句中，谓语动词必须是延续性动词，且常常用进行时。

Don’t make any noise while others are reading.别人读书时不要制造噪音。

She sang while she was walking.她边走边唱。

3．since自从

It’s just a month since we arrived here.我们到这儿刚好一月了。

My mother has been ill since I left home.自从我离开家我妈妈就一直生病。

4．until直到……为止

Until you told me,I knew nothing at all about it.在我告诉我之前，我对此之外无所知。

He didn’t appear until the meeting had begun.直到会议开始他才露面。

5．before在……之前

after在……之后

I’ll phone you after I arrive.我到达之后给你打电话。

Say goodbye before you go.你走之前要说再见。

6．as soon as一……就

I’ll visit you as soon as I come back.我一回来就去拜访你。

Please tell him as soon as you see him.你一看见他就请告诉他。

（二）引导原因状语从句的连词：because,since,as,for,now that

1．because因为(because与so不能并用。)

I can’t believe in him because he isn’t honest.我不能信任他，因为他不诚实。

She didn’t come because she didn’t know it.她没有来，因为她不知道。

2．since既然

Since he says so,it must be true.既然他这么说，那一定是真的。

Since you ask,I will tell you.你既然问，我就告诉你。

3．as因为，由于

As we are hungry,let’s have supper.由于大家饿了，我们就吃晚饭吧。

Mother began to worry about my brother as it was getting dark.由于天越来越黑，妈妈开始为哥哥着急。

4．for因为

We can't go for it is raining.我们不能走，因为正在下雨。

I enjoyed myself at the party for I knew all the guests well.我在晚会上玩得很尽兴，因为所有的个人我都很熟悉。

5．now that既然

Now that he is unhappy,let’s leave him alone.既然他不高兴，我们就让他自己呆着吧。

Now that she feels sorry,please forgive her.既然她很后悔，就请原谅她吧。

（三）引导结果状语从句：so…that,such…that

1．so…that如此……以致

She is so tired that he can’t go any further.她太累了，不能再走了。

She is so big a cat that she can’t get into the hole.这猫太大了钻不进这洞。

2．such…that如此……以致

It’s such a beautiful place that I wouldn’t come back.这地方太美了，令我留恋返。

It’s such a fine day that many people go to the park for fun.天气这么好，许多人都到公园里来玩乐。

（四）引导目的状语从句的连词：so that,in order that以便

They hurried so that they can get there on time.他们加快了速度，为的是能够按时到达。

I hired a boat in order that I can go fishing.为了去钓鱼，我租了条小船。

（五）引导比较状语从句的连词：than,as…as

He is taller than his brother.他比他兄弟高。

She could draw as well as her teacher.她能画得跟她的老师一样好。

（六）引导让步状语从句的连词：though,although（though与although的用法基本一样）

Although it rained hard,he still went out.尽管雨下得很大，他还是出去了。

Even though I have enough time,I don’t want to go there with him.尽管我有时间，可我并不想跟他去那。

今天的内容就介绍这里了。

第二篇：英语连词知识点总结

英语连词知识点总结

一、并列连词

并列连词用来连接平行对等（即互不从属）的词、词组或分句。按照并列连词在句子中的作用可分为：并列关系，转折关系，选择关系，因果关系。

基本并列连词如 and, or , but , 关联连词如 either...or , neither...nor , not only...but also,both...and, whether...or 等；介于并列连词与从属连词或介词之间的结构如 as well as , as much as, rather than , more than, no less than 等；此外还有些'半连接词'，一些语法学家把它们称为连接副词，如 nevertheless, however, meanwhile, otherwise, likewise 等，在句中做连接性状语。这类连词主要是从逻辑上，而不是从形式上连接句子，其关系比较松散。

并列关系的连词有：and, both„and, not only„but also, as well as, and„as well, not„nor, neither„nor等。

1.and的基本用法是表示并列和对称关系。

例4 He sang and played the guitar.他一边唱歌一边弹吉他。

（1）两个对等的宾语或状语之间，在肯定句中用and，但在否定句中，不用and，一般用or或nor。

例5 Our college is not in Beijing or Shanghai.我们的学院既不在北京也不在上海。

（2）当一个句子中出现了两个否定词时，应该用and连接并列成分。这时and表示的也是全部否定。

例6 He did not talk loudly and also not clearly.他说话声音不大，也不清晰。

（3）and用来连接条件分句和结果分句，意思是“„„，那么„„”。当两个并列成分本身都是否定时，也要用and连接，and在这种情况下，仍然表示全部否定。

（4）在come, go, run, hurry up, stay, stop等动词后，and能用来代替省略to不定式引导的目的状语。

例7 Would you go and tell the children to shut up? 你能告诉孩子们别再说话了吗？

注：有时and后可用第三人称单数或过去式。

例8 He went and had a drink with us yesterday.昨天他来了，和我们喝了点酒。

用在try, wait等后，也有类似的用法，但只能用它们的原形。

例9 Try and get some water.尽量拿点水来。

（5）祈使句 + and 表示结果。

例10 Let’s give him some help, and he will be able to improve in his studies.咱们帮帮他，他一定会提高他的学习成绩。

（6）and that(or those)„，„„而且„„ 其作用是补充前面所说的话，以达到强调的目的。用来代表前一分句的全部或一部分。

例11 He speaks English, and that very well.他会说英语，而且说的很好。

（7）at once„ and „ 既 „„又„„

例12 The novel is at once interesting and instructive.那部小说既有趣，又有教育意义。

2.both „and连接两个平等的成分，避免用两个以上的平等的成分。

例13 A man should have both courage and perseverance.一个人应该既有勇气又有毅力。

3.not only„ but also„有时but或also可省略，not only位于句首要倒装。

例14 He is not only handsome but also clever.他不仅英俊潇洒，而且聪明。

4.as well as相当于连词，其意为in addition to，and also，besides等。as well as的侧重点在前，强调语气较强。连接两个名词时，谓语动词要与第一个名词相一致。

例15 He as well as I agrees with you.他和我一样都同意你的观点。

例16 His parents as well as he are very kind to me.他的父母和他都对我很好。

5.neither„nor„ 它们可单独使用，位于句首时要倒装。

例17 Gases have neither definite size nor shape of their own.气体既没有大小，也没有形状。

例18 I can neither speak nor write French.我既不会说也不会写法语。

转折、对比关系的连词有：but, however, nevertheless, yet, while, still, whereas, onlybut , nevertheless, likewise, anyway , only , conversely , on the contrary, by this time, all the same , fortunately, on the other hand , in the meantime等。

1.but用作连词，意为但是、可是或然而，表示语义的转折。

例19 She was tired, but she still went on working.她很累了，但她仍然继续努力工作。

2.However 用作连接副词，相当于no matter how，引导让步状语从句，意思是“不管怎样„„”“无论如何„„”，具体结构有以下两种：

（1）however+形容词+主语+系动词

例20 However rich people are，they always seem anxious to take more money.无论人们有多富裕，他们似乎总是渴望挣到更多的钱。

（2）however+副词+主语+谓语

例21 However fast he runs，he can’t catch up with us.无论他跑得多快也不能赶上我们。

3.nevertheless 然而，不过

例22 He is charming;nevertheless, I don’t quite trust him.他很有魅力，然而我不太相信他。

4.yet 用作转折连词时，意思是“然而、可是”。

例23 She has her weakness, yet that does not mean she is not qualified for the job.她有她的缺点，然而那并不意味着她不胜任这项工作。5.while意为“而，然而”,表示转折。

例24 He went out, while I stayed at home.他出去了，而我呆在家里。

6.still强调过去发生的事情及存在的状况目前还在延续。

例25 We have made some achievements, still we should be modest and prudent.我们取得了一些成绩，但我们仍须谦虚谨慎。

7.whereas意为“而，然而”连接两个对等的句子。

例26 He is ill, whereas I am a little tired.他病了，而我有些累了。

例27 You may go, only come back early.你可以去，只是要早点回来。

选择关系的连词有：either„or, whether„or, or, rather than„，otherwise等。

1.either„or 作为选择连词，一般用来连接句子中的同等成分，如名词、动词、介词短语等。但有时也可见到前后不一致的情况。

例28 You may either stay here or go with us.你可以留下来，也可以跟我们一起走。

2.whether„or作“是„„还是„„”解时，whether表示一种选择，其后可以跟介词短语或不定式短语。

例29 Please tell us whether to go or stay.请告诉我们是走还是留下来。

3.rather A than B 连接两个并列的成分表示宁愿„„，后面常用动词原形。

例30 I would rather read than watch television.我宁愿读书而不愿看电视。

4.or 在并列结构中，or通常用于否定句。表示选择的并列结构中or意思为“否则”。

例31 Which would you rather do go walking or go to the movies? 你愿意去散步还是去看电影？

因果关系的连词有：so, for, therefore, accordingly, thus, hence, consequently,thus, on that account, in that case等。

1.so表示“因此” “所以”,连接并列句,前一分句表示原因,后一分句表示结果。

例32 It was late, so we went home.天晚了，所以我们就回家了。

例33 He was angry, so he could not speak.他很生气，连话都说不出来了。

2.for为并列连词，连接两个并列的分句，表示附加的或推断的理由。

例34 I could not visit you, for I felt unwell yesterday.我昨天感觉不舒服，因此没能拜访你。

3.therefore 因此，所以。

例35 He lost his health, and therefore his difficulties were increased.他的身体垮了，因此他的困难比以前增加了。

4.hence 因此，从此，表示原因，理由。

例36 The town was built on the side of a hill;hence(comes)the name Hillside.这个小镇建在山边，于是命名为山边。

5.consequently 结果，从而，因此。

例37 It rained three days in succession, and consequently all the bridges were swept away.一连下了三天雨，所有的桥都被冲走了。

其它并列连词常见的有： as well as, more than, rather than, no less than 等.(1)as well as 表示 '同' 和 '也' 的意义

as well as 用作并列连词时它意义相当于 not only...but also, 但侧重点在后一并列成分上而 as well as 侧重点却在前一并列成分上 ,A as well as B=not only B but also A.(2)more than 表示而不是之意.(3)rather than 表示 '而不是' 之意.(4)no less than 表示 ' 同...一样 ' 之意.当 as well as ,more than, rather than, no less than 连接两个成分作主语时谓语动词应于第一个成分的数相一致.在使用并列连词时我们应该注意:(1)并列连词不可以连用.(2)有些连接性状语副词可以和某些从属连词对应使用.(3)在 for 或 so that 引出的分句中如果主语与前一分句的主语所指相同其主语不可以省略.同样, 如果第二个分句是由连接副词引出的其主语通常也不可省略.二、从属连词

从属连词是用来引导从句的，它在主句和从句中间起连接作用。具体地说，从属连词主要引导名词性从句（主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句）和状语从句，不引导定语从句。从属连词按词形分为简单从属连词，复合从属连词，关连从属连词。1)简单从属连词 常见的有：after, although虽然，尽管, as, because, before, if, lest,once, since, that, till, unless, until, when, where, whether, while 等。2)复合从属连词

由两个或两个以上单词构成的从属连词，如： as if犹如，好似, as far as至于，直到，远到；就„而言 , as soon as一就, according as , in case , no matter who(how,what,when, where), rather than, 3 for all that 尽管，虽然如此 , given(that), in order that, now(that), on condition that ,(so)that ,provided/providing(that), inasmuch as , insofar as , in that,now that等。

3)关联从属连词 由两个关联构成的，如： as...as, nore(less,-er)...than, no sooner...than, so...as , so...that,such...sa , the...the, whether...or 等，使用从属连词时，应该注意

(1)由从属连词引导的状语从句，其位置通常是可变的。

(2)并列连词之间之前不可以加其它连词，而从属连词之前可以加并列连词；连接副词。使用连词时, 还应该注意: 1.because, for, since, as 的区别 1）、because语气强, 表示客观必然原因：例如: He is absent, because he is ill.因为生病，所以他没来。

比较:He is absent, for he is busy.（“生病”是“缺席”的必然原因，“忙”不是必然原因。）2）、for 语气轻,表示非客观必然的原因,是主观可改变结果的原因,甚至是猜测可能的原因: for 不能放句首,它是并列连词。

He must be ill, for he is absent.“缺席”不一定是“生病”，只是交流猜测。.3）、since, as 都是不讲自明的原因, 是已知的原因.Since I am a boy, let me carry the case.As you don't feel well,you had better stay at home.三、知识拾零

1、when和which等引导名词性从句时，分别称为连接副词和连接代词；引导形容词性从句时，分别称关系副词和关系代词，都在句子中作成分，不叫“连词”。while作并列连词，还可意为“但是，可是；然而”，表示转折或对比。

2、既能引导状语从句，又能引导名词性从句的if和whether.1)、在表示“是否”的意思时，whether和if都能引导宾语从句。但在正式文体中有or not或 wheither„ or时或介词的宾语时我用wheither。

2）表示“假如”的意思时，引导条件状语从句时，只能用if，不能用wheither。

3、when和while可以作从属连词，引导时间状语。when也可以作并列连词，意思为“就在这时突然”。While作并列连词时，意思为“然而”。

4、when作连词——引导状语从句；作连接副词——引导名词性从句；作关系副词——引导定语从句；作疑问副词——引出疑问句。

5、until引导时间状语从句常与not连用

6、while和when都有“当„„的时候”，不过while引导的从句通常动词为延续性的（如：work）而when 引导的从句动词既可以是延续性的也可以是非延续性的。

7、从属连词since引导的时间状语从句用一般过去时，主句用现在完成时，表示从过去某一时刻开始的动作，一直延续到现在。

8、属连词until的用法。until意为“直到„„为止”，表示时间上的转折点，在此以前发生的动作或状态，到了这个时刻，就立刻停止，转为另外的动作或状态。

9、并列连词not only„but also„ 中的also可以省略，但but不能省略。not only„but(also)„连接的前后两部分必须保持一致或对等。

10、情景交际用语知识。but在交际用语中，与“I’m sorry”及“Excuse me”等连用，表示委婉拒绝或道歉。

Excuse me for breaking in，__ but ___ I have some news for you．

11、“live up to„”配得上„„，“be home to„”„„的家园。as long as表示“仅有的条件”，while表示“同时或转折”，if表示“条件”，even though表示“让步”。

12、in case表示“for fear that”，意为“以防，免得”。另外，in case还可以用在句尾，表示“以防万一”，

13、as强调主句谓语动词与从句谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生；while除可表示动作的同时性外还含有一个动作在另一个动作正在进行或持续进行的某一时刻发生。

第三篇：初中英语知识点总结

初中复习资料

【初中英语词组总结】(see、hear、notice、find、feel、listen to、look at(感官动词)+do（比较级 and 比较级）表示越来越怎么样a piece of cake =easy小菜一碟（容易）agree with sb赞成某人all kinds of 各种各样a kind of 一样all over the world = the whole world整个 世界along with同……一道，伴随…… eg : I will go along with you我将和你一起去

the students planted trees along with their teachers学生同老师们一起种树As soon as一怎么样就怎么样as you can see 你是知道的ask for ……求助向…要…（直接接想要的东西）ask sb for sth向某人什么ask sb to do sth询问某人某事ask sb not to do叫某人不要做某事at the age of在……岁时at the beginning of …………的起初；……的开始at the end of +地点/+时间最后；尽头；末尾at this time of year在每年的这个时候be /feel confident of sth /that clause +从句感觉/对什么有信心，自信be + doing表：1 现在进行时 2 将来时be able to(+ v 原)= can(+ v 原）能够……be afraid to do(of sth恐惧，害怕……be allowed to do被允许做什么be angry with sb生某人的气be angry with(at)sb for doing sth为什么而生某人的气be as…原级…as和什么一样eg : She is as tall as me 她和我一样高be ashamed tobe away from远离be away from从……离开be bad for对什么有害be born出生于

be busy doing sth忙于做什么事be busy with sth忙于……

be careful当心；小心

be different from……和什么不一样

be famous for以……著名

be friendly to sb对某人友好

be from = come from来自

be full of 装满……的be filled with 充满 eg: the glass is full of waterthe glass is filled with water38 be glad+to+do/从句

be going to + v(原）将来时

be good at(+doing)= do well in在某方面善长, 善于……

be good for对什么有好处

be happy to do很高兴做某事

be helpful to sb对某人有好处

be in good health身体健康

be in trouble处于困难中

be interested in对某方面感兴趣

be late for = come late to 迟到eg: Be late for class上课迟到

be like像……eg : I'm like my mother

be mad at生某人的气

be made from 由……制成(制成以后看不见原材料)

be made of由……制成(制成以后还看得见原材料)

be not sure 表不确定

be on a visit to参观

be popular with sb受某人欢迎

be quiet安静

be short for表**的缩写eg: 陶 is short for 陶俊杰

be sick in bed生病在床

be sorry to do sthbe sorry for sbeg : I am sorry for you

be sorry to hear that

be sorry to trouble sb

be strict in doingsth严于做某事

be strict with sb对某人要求严格

be strict with sb in sth某方面对某人严格

be supposed to do被要求干什么

be sure 表确定

be sure of doing sth 对做某事有信心

be sure of sth对做某事有信心

be sure that sth对做某事有信心

be sure to do sth一定会做某事We are sure to learn English well 我们一定能学好英语

be terrified of + 名/动doing害怕……

be terrified to do sth害怕做某事

be the same as …和什么一样

be used to doing sth习惯做某事 My father is used to getting up early我爸爸习惯早

be worth doing值得做什么

be(feel)afraid to do sth 害怕做某事be afraid of sth 害怕某物 be afraid that 丛句

because+句子because of +短语

eg : He was late because he had a headacheHe was late because of his headache

begin to do = start to do 开始做某事start…with…=begin…with… 以什么开始什么

between…and…两者之间

borrow sth from sb向……借……lend sth to sb(lend sb sth借给……什么东西

both = the same(as)= not different(from)表相同

bother打扰bother sb to do sth

eg : I'm sorry to bother you ,but can you tell me to way to the station

我十分道歉打扰你，但是你能告诉我怎么去车站

by the end of到……为止

call sb stheg : We call him old wang

catch up with sb赶上某人

chat with sb和某人闲谈take sb to + 地点带某人去某地

come in进

come over to过来

come up with提出eg: Can you come up with a good idea你能想出一个好办法吗？

communicate with sb 和某人交流

consider + doing考虑做什么eg : Why not consider going to lu zhou为什么不考虑去泸州？

dance to随着……跳舞

decide to do sth 决定做某事

do a survey of做某方面的调查

do better in在……方面做得更好

do wrong做错

Don't forget to do sth不要忘了做某事

Don't mind +doing /从句 /名词不要介意……

each +名（单）每一个…eg : Each student has many books每一个学生都有一些书 100 end up +doing101 enjoy +doing喜欢

escape from 从……逃跑

expect to do sth期待做某事

fall down摔下来 fall off从哪摔下来

fall in love with sb /sth爱上什么

far from离某地远

find +it +adj +to do 发现做某事怎么样

find sb/sth +adj 发现什么怎么样 eg : I find the book interesting

finish 完成+doing（名词）

fit to sb = be fit for sb适合某人

forget to do 没有做而忘了forget doing做了而又忘了

from…to…从某某到某某eg: From me for her

get /have sth down 做完，被（别人）做…eg: I have my hair cut我理了发(头发被剪了）

Tom got his bad tooth pulled out汤母把他的坏牙拔掉了（被牙医拔掉了）

get a part-time job= find a part-time job

get along well with sb = get on well with sb与某人相处得好

get along with sb = get on with sb 与某人相处

get ready for = be ready for为什么而准备

get sb in to trouble给某人带来麻烦

get…from… 从某处得到某物

give a talk做报告

give sth to sbgive sb sth给某人某物

go fish 钓鱼go swimming 游泳

go on to do去做下一件事go on doing继续做这件事

go out away from远离go out of从….离开

go to school 上学（用于专业的）go to the school 去学校（不一定是上学）

good way to好方法

hate to do讨厌没做过的事hate doing讨厌做过的事

have a party for sb举办谁的晚会

have a talk听报告谈一谈

have been doing 现在完成进行时

have been to …(地方）……去过某过地方 have gone to …（地方）去了某地还没回来

have fun +doing玩得高兴

have sth to do有什么事要做

have to do sth必须做某事

have trouble(problem)(in)doing sth做什么事情有麻烦

have…time +doing

have…(时间)…off放……假139 hear sb +do/doing听见某人做某事/正在做某事

help a lot很大用处

help sb with sth one's sth帮助某人某事（某方面）help sb(to)do sth帮助某人做某事

hope to do sth希望做某事

How about(+doing)= What about(+doing)

how do you like= what do you think of你对什么的看法

if : 是否＝wether

eg: I don't know if(wether)I should go to the party我不知道我是否应该去参加晚会

He don't know if(wether)we will arrive on timetomorrow morning他不知道我们明天早上是否能准时到达146 if :如果，假如（全部接一般时态）＋条件语态从句

eg:I'll go to LuZhou if it does't rain假如明天不下雨，我就去泸州

If they change the plan they will let me know假如他们要改变计划，他们会让我知道的I'll go to England ,if I have enough money next year如果我明年由足够的钱，我就要去英国

in one's opinion = sb think某人认为

in some ways在某些方面

in the end = finally(adv)最后

in the north of…什么在什么的北方（north 北sowth 南west 西east 东）

151 in the sun在太阳下

152 increase增加

eg : They've increased the prece of petrol by 3%他们把石油价增加了3%

153 instead of+（名）代替

eg:I'd like an apple instead of a pear我想要苹果，而不要梨子

154 introduce sb to sb介绍某人给某人introduce oneself自我介绍

155 invite sb to do sth邀请某人做某事

156 It takes sb sometime to do sth做某人花掉某人多少时间

eg : It took me 5 minutes to do my homeworkIt takes me half an hour to cook

157 It's +adj +for sb to do sth对某人来说做某事怎么样

158 It's +adj +to do 做某事怎么样

159 It's +adj for sb对于某人来说怎么样It's+adjofsb对某人来说太怎么样

160 It's +adj(for sb)to do（对某人来说）做某事怎么样It's +adj of sb to do sth对某人来说做某事太怎么样eg : It's nice of you to help me with my English

161 It's a good idea for sb to do sth对……来说是个好主意

162 It's important to sb 对某人来说很重要eg: It's important to me

163 It's time to do sthIt's time for sth到了该去做某事的时间

eg : It's time to have classIt's time for class该去上课了

164 join = take part in参加

165 just now刚才

166 keep +sb /sth +adj /介词短语让什么保持什么样？

167 keep out不让 …… 进入

168 keep sb adj让……保持……keep healthy保持健康

169 key to +名词表示：某物的钥匙或某题的答案

170 key to…anserto …key可以是答题或钥匙

171 laugh at… 取笑……

172 learn by oneslfe自学

173 learn from sb向某人学习

174 learn to do sth学做某事

175 let sb do sth让某人做某事

176 Let sb down让某人失望eg ： We shouldn't let our farents down我们不应该让我们的父母失望

177 live from :离某地远

178 live in +大地方 /at +小地方居住在某地

179 look after = take care of照顾 照看

180 lose one's way谁 迷 路

181 make a decision to do sth决定做某事

182 make friends with sb和谁成为朋友eg :I want to make friends with you

183 make it early把时间定的早一点

184 make on exhibition of oneself让某人出洋相

185 make sb /n +n使什么成为什么eg: I made her my step mollerI made you my wife

186 make sb /sth +adj使某人（某物）怎么样eg :You must made your bed clean

187 make sb /sth adj使某人/某物怎么样

188 make sb do sth让某人做某事

189 make upbe made up of(被动语态）由……组成190 make…differenceto…

191 mind sb to domind one's doing介意……做什么

192 most +名most of +代

193 much too +形容词

194 must be一定

195 need +名词

196 need sb do sth需要某人做某事

197 need to do(实义动词）need do(情态动词）

198 no /neithr of hate to dono /neithr of hate doing

199 no +名词

200 not anymore = no more再也不……eg: He didn't cry any more

201 not…(形、副）at alleg: He's not tall at allshe doesn't junp far at all

202 not…at all 一点都不

203 not…either表否定，也不eg : I don't japanse eitherI don't have sister, either我也没有姐姐204 not…until直到……才……

205 offer / provide sb with sth给某人提供

206 offer sb sth(offer sth to sb提供什么东西给某人eg : I offer you water(I offer water to you我给你提供水207 on one's way to…在谁去那的路上

208 on the one hand一方面on the other hand另一方面

209 on the phone = over the phone用电话交谈

210 on time 准时in time及时

211 one day ＝some day ＝someday一天，有一天

212 one of +可数名词的复数形式

213 one to another一个到另一个

214 over and over agin一遍又一遍的eg : He cleaned the floor over and over agin

215 part-time job兼职工作fall-time job全职工作

216 pay for…付……钱pay the bill开钱，付钱

217 please +do

218 please help yourself

219 pleased with sb

220 pool into = pore into

221 practice +doing练习做某事

222 prefer sth to sth相对……更喜欢……eg : I prefer physics to chemisty 在物理和化学中，我更喜欢物理prefer sb not to do sth更愿意…eg: I prefer her not to come我不喜欢她不来

223 pretend to do sth装着去做什么pretend that从句

eg : The two cheats pretended to be working very hard这两个骗子装着努力工作

224 rather…than宁可……也不……

eg : I would rather be a doctor than a teacher我愿肯当医生，也不当老师

225 regard…as把……当作……I regard you as my friend我把你当作我的朋友

226 remid sb about sth提醒某人什么事remid sb to do sth提醒某人做某事

eg : he remids me about cooking(he remids me to cook他提醒我做饭

227 remid sb of sth 使某人想起什么

the words that(which)the teacher talke to remind me of my mother

228 return sth to sb还什么东西给某人

229 say to oneself对自己说

230 say to sb 对某人说

231 sb spend somemoney on sth花了多少钱在某事上

232 sb spend sometime with sb花了多少时间陪谁

233 sb spend sometime(in)doing sth花了多少时间做某事

234 sb with sb +issb and sb +are

235 see sb do看见某人做过某事see sb doing看见某人正在做某事

236 seem to do/be +adj显得怎么样eg :You seem to be tiredYou seem to be happy237 send +sb sth送给某人某物

238 send…to…把什么寄到哪里去？

239 shock 使……震惊eg : Oh , It's only you!You give me a shock啊，是你呀！吓我一跳

240 show sb sth向某人展示某物

241 show sb sth = show sth to sb拿什么东西给某人看

242 show sth to sb 向某人展示某物

243 some…others…一些……另一些……

244 start…with…从……开始begin…with…从……开始

245 stay away from远离……

eg : We're told to stay away from the animals whe visiting the zoo当我们参观zoo 时，我们要远离动物246 stop doing 停下正在做的事

247 stop sb from doing sth阻止某人做某事

248 stop sb(from)doing阻止某人做某事

249 stop to do 停下正在做的事去做下一件事

250 such +名这样，这种

251 suit sb适合某人

252 surprise sb使某人惊奇to one's surprise令某人惊奇

253 take classes上课

254 take sb to 把某人带去eg : I take you to the hospital

255 take walks = take a walk ＝ go for a walk散步

256 ①talk to 对谁说 ② talk with和谁说 ③ talk of谈到④ talkabout谈论关于……

257 talk with sb和某人说话

258 teach sb sth教某人做某事

259 tell sb do sth 告诉某人做某事

261 tell sb sth 告诉某人某事tell sb that 丛句tell sb not to do sth

262 tell sb 〔not〕to do sth告诉某人做什么

263 tell…from…区别

264 thank you for +doing

265 the same +名词(doing)+as……

266 the same…(名)…asas…(adj adv)…as相同

267 the way to do sth ＝ the way of doing st做某方面 的方法 the way to +地方去哪的路e g :Do you know the way to learn EnglishDo you know the way of learning English

268 the way to…（地点）到哪的270 transalte ……into……把什么翻译成什么eg : Trasalte English into chinese

271 travel with sb和某人去旅游

272 try one's best to do sth尽某人最大的努力去做某事eg: I will try my best to learn English well

273 try to do sth想干什么，但没成功try doing sth想干什么，已经做过了

274 try…试衣服 have a try试一下

275 turn down 开小 ←→ turn up开大

276 turn off 关上 ←→turn on 打开 open拆开

277 upside down倒着

278 visit to…参观某个地方

279 wait for sb等某人

第四篇：初中英语知识点总结：一般过去时

知识点总结

一般过去时表示过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态；过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为；过去主语所具备的能力和性格。我们可以先记一下一般过去时口诀：

一般过去时并不难，表示过去动作、状态记心间。

动词要用过去式，时间状语句末站。

否定句很简单，didn't 站在动词原形前，其它部分不要变。

一般疑问句也好变，did放在句子前，主语、动原、其它部分依次站。

特殊疑问句也简单，疑问词加一般疑问句记心间。

最后一条请注意，动词过去式要牢记。

一、基本结构

1.肯定句形式：主语+动词过去式+其他

否定句形式：①was/were+not;②在行为动词前加didn't，同时还原行为动词

一般疑问句：①was/were提到句首；②Did+主语+do+其他？

例句She often came to help us in those days.I didn't know you were so busy.2.行为动词的一般过去式。A.规则动词的变化规则：

1、直接加ed：work—— worked look——looked play——played，2、.以e结尾的单词，直接加d：live ——lived hope——hoped use——used，3、以辅音字母+y结尾的，变y为i加ed：study—— studied carry——carried

4、以元音字母+y结尾的，直接加ed：enjoy ——enjoyed

5、以重读闭音节结尾的，双写最后的辅音字母+ed： stop—— stopped plan——planned B.规则动词过去式的发音：

在清辅音后读/t/，在元音和浊辅音后读/d/，在辅音/t/,/d/后读 /id/。

C.不规则动词变化需参看不规则动词表逐一熟记。(一般和过去分词一起记忆)。二、一般过去时的基本用法：

1.通常表示过去发生的而现在已经结束的事件、动作或情况。Eg.Sam phoned a moment ago.I got up at eight this morning.2.还可以表示刚刚发生的事情而没说明时间。

Eg.Did the telephone ring? Who left the door open? 3.也可以表示过去的习惯性动作。

Eg.I smoked 40 cigarettes a day till I gave up.4.与一般过去时连用的时间状语：

yesterday, last week/Sunday/year, …ago, just now…

eg.I met Lily yesterday.I went to Dalian last summer.I was a good student 5 years ago.He had dinner just now.常见考法

对于一般过去时的考查，多以单选、句型转换或词语运用的形式考查学生在具体语境中灵活运用时态的能力。在考试中，会让大家判断是否该用一般过去时，或动词过去式的正确变化，或一般过去时的句型构成。

典型例题1：1.Xiao Lin went fishing this morning.（改为一般疑问句）

解析：这是一道句型转换题，考查到同学们对一般过去时的句型构成的掌握。一般过去时的一般疑问句句型构成为：Did+主语+do+其他？，即句首加 Did，句中过去式还原。答案：Did Xiao Lin go fishing this morning? 误区提醒

有些句子，虽然没有表示过去确定时间的状语，但实际上是指过去发生的动作或存在的状态的话，也要用过去时，这一点，我们中国学生往往出错，要特别注意！

典型例题1：I didn''t know you(be)in Paris.解析：题干意思是“我不知道你在巴黎”。因为在说话时，我已经知道你在巴黎了。这句话指的是说话之前，所以只能用过去时表示。实际上，这句话暗指：But now I know you are here.答案：were

第五篇：初中英语人教版知识点总结

初中英语人教版知识点总结

一般现在时的用法

1)经常性或习惯性的动作，常与表示频腮度的时间状语连用。

时间状语： every…, sometimes, at…, on Sunday I leave home for school at 7 every morning.2)客观真理，客观存在，科学事实。

The earth moves around the sun.Shanghai lies in the east of China.3)表示格言或警句中。

Pride goes before a fall.骄者必败。

注意：此用法如果出现在宾语从句中，即使主句是过去时，从句谓语也要用一般现在时。

例：Columbus proved that the earth is round..4)现在时刻的状态、能力、性格、个性。

I don’t want so much.Ann Wang writes good English but does not speak well.比较：Now I put the sugar in the cup.I am doing my homework now.第一句用一般现在时，用于操作演示或指导说明的示范性动作，表示言行的瞬间动作。再如：Now watch me, I switch on the current and stand back.第二句中的now是进行时的标志，表示正在进行的动作的客观状况，所以后句用一般现在时。

2.一般过去时的用法

1）在确定的过去时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。

时间状语有：yesterday, last week, an hour ago, the other day, in 1982等。

Where did you go just now?

2）表示在过去一段时间内，经常性或习惯性的动作。

When I was a child, I often played football in the street.Whenever the Browns went during their visit, they were given a warm welcome.3）句型：

It is time for sb.to do sth “到……时间了” “该……了” It is time sb.did sth.“时间已迟了” “早该……了” It is time for you to go to bed.你该睡觉了。

It is time you went to bed.你早该睡觉了。

would(had)rather sb.did sth.表示’宁愿某人做某事’ I’d rather you came tomorrow.4)wish, wonder, think, hope 等用过去时，作试探性的询问、请求、建议等。

I thought you might have some.我以为你想要一些。

比较：

一般过去时表示的动作或状态都已成为过去，现已不复存在。

Christine was an invalid all her life.(含义：她已不在人间。)

Christine has been an invalid all her life.(含义：她现在还活着)

Mrs.Darby lived in Kentucky for seven years.(含义：达比太太已不再住在肯塔基州。)

Mrs.Darby has lived in Kentucky for seven years.(含义：现在还住在肯塔基州，有可能指刚离去)注意： 用过去时表示现在，表示委婉语气。

1）动词want, hope, wonder, think, intend 等。

Did you want anything else? I wondered if you could help me.2）情态动词 could, would.Could you lend me your bike? 3.used to / be used to

used to + do：“过去常常”表示过去习惯性的动作或状态，但如今已不存在。

Mother used not to be so forgetful.Scarf used to take a walk.(过去常常散步)

be used to + doing： 对……已感到习惯，或“习惯于”，to是介词，后需加名词或动名词。

He is used to a vegetarian diet.Scarf is used to taking a walk.(现在习惯于散步)典型例题

----Your phone number again? I ___ quite catch it.----It’s 69568442.A.didn’t B.couldn’t C.don’t D.can’t

答案A.本句虽没有明确的时间状语，但从语意上看 出，在听的时候没有听懂这个动作发生在过去，因此应用过去时。

4.一般将来时

1)shall用于第一人称，常被will 所代替。

will 在陈述句中用于各人称，在争求意见时常用于第二人称。

Which paragraph shall I read first.Will you be at home at seven this evening? 2)be going to +不定式，表示将来。

a.主语的意图，即将做某事。

What are you going to do tomorrow? b.计划，安排要发生的事。

The play is going to be produced next month。

c.有迹象要发生的事

Look at the dark clouds, there is going to be a storm.3)be +不定式表将来，按计划或正式安排将发生的事。

We are to discuss the report next Saturday.4)be about to +不定式，意为马上做某事。

He is about to leave for Beijing.注意：be about to 不能与tomorrow, next week 等表示明确将来时的时间状语连用。

5.be going to / will

用于条件句时，be going to 表将来

will 表意愿

If you are going to make a journey, you’d better get ready for it a s soon as possible.Now if you will take off your clothes, we will fit the new clothes on you in front of the mirror.6.be to和be going to

be to 表示客观安排或受人指示而做某事。

be going to 表示主观的打算或计划。

I am to play football tomorrow afternoon.(客观安排)

I’m going to play football tomorrow afternoon.(主观安排)7.一般现在时表将来

1）下列动词：come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return的一般现在时表将来。这主要用来表示在时间上已确定或安排好的事情。

The train leaves at six tomorrow morning.When does the bus star? It stars in ten minutes.2）倒装句，表示动作正在进行，如：

Here comes the bus.= The bus is coming.There goes the bell.= The bell is ringing.3）在时间或条件句中。

When Bill comes(不是will come), ask him to wait for me.I’ll write to you as soon as I arrive there.4）在动词hope, take care that, make sure that等后。

I hope they have a nice time next week.Make sure that the windows are closed before you leave the room.11.用于现在完成时的句型

1）It is the first / second time….that…结构中的从句部分，用现在完成时。

It is the first time that I have visited the city.It was the third time that the boy had been late.2）This is the… that…结构，that 从句要用现在完成时.This is the best film that I’ve(ever)seen.这是我看过的最好的电影。

This is the first time(that)I’ve heard him sing.这是我第一次听他唱歌。

典型例题

(1)---Do you know our town at all?---No, this is the first time I ___ here.A.was B.have been C.came D.am coming

答案B.This is the first time 后面所加从句应为现在完成时，故选B。

(2)---Have you ____ been to our town before?---No, it’s the first time I ___ here.A.even, come B.even, have come C.ever, come D.ever, have come

答案D.ever意为曾经或无论何时，反意词为never，此两词常用于完成时。This is the largest fish I have ever seen.It is / was the first time +that-clause 的句型中，从句要用完成时。

注意：非延续性动词的否定形式可以与表示延续时间的状语连用。即动作不发生的状态是可以持续的。

（错）I have received his letter for a month.（对）I haven’t received his letter for almost a month.12.比较since和for

Since 用来说明动作起始时间，for用来说明动作延续时间长度。

I have lived here for more than twenty years.I have lived here since I was born..My aunt has worked in a clinic since 1949.Some new oilfields have been opened up since 1976.I have known Xiao Li since she was a little girl.My brother has been in the Youth League for two years.I have not heard from my uncle for a long time.注意：并非有for 作为时间状语的句子都用现在完成时。

I worked here for more than twenty years.(我现在已不在这里工作。)

I have worked here for many years.(现在我仍在这里工作。)

小窍门： 当现在完成时+一段时间，这一结构中，我们用下面的公式转化，很容易就能排除非延续动词在完成时中的误使。

1)(对)Tom has studied Russian for three years.= Tom began to study Russian three years ago, and is still studying it now.2)(错)Harry has got married for six years.= Harry began to get married six years ago, and is still getting married now.显然，第二句不对，它应改为 Harry got married six years ago.或 Harry has been married for six years.13.since的四种用法

1)since +过去一个时间点(如具体的年、月、日期、钟点、1980, last month, half past six)。

I have been here since 1989.2)since +一段时间+ ago

I have been here since five months ago.3)since +从句

Great changes have taken place since you left.Considerable time has elapsed since we have been here.4)It is +一段时间+ since从句

It is two years since I became a postgraduate student.被动语态的几种类型

1）主语句中有一个宾语的被动语态，如：

He saw her in the shop yesterday.She was seen in the shop yesterday.2)主语有两个宾语的被动语态

Li Lei gave me a chemistry book.I was given a chemistry book by Li Lei.A chemistry book was given to me by Li Lei.3）主动句中含宾语补足语的句子的被动语态

若宾语补足语是不带to 的不定式，变为被动语态时，该不定式前要加“to”。此类动词为

感官动词：feel, hear, help, listen to, look at, make, observe, see, notice, watch The teacher made me go out of the classroom.--> I was made to go out of the classroom(by the teacher).We saw him play football on the playground.--> He was seen to play football on the playground.若宾语补足语是带to的不定式，那么被动语态仍保留to: Mother told me not to be late

I was told not to be late by mother.5）情态动词+ be +过去分词，构成被动语态。

Coal can be used to produce electricity for agriculture and industry.6）表示“据说”或“相信” 的词组

believe, consider, declare, expect, feel , report, say, see, suppose, think, understand

It is said that… 据说

It is reported that… 据报道

It is believed that… 大家相信

It is hoped that… 大家希望

It is well known that… 众所周知

It is thought that… 大家认为

It is suggested that… 据建议

It is taken granted that… 被视为当然

It has been decided that… 大家决定

It must be remember that…务必记住的是

It is said that she will leave for Wuhan on Tuesday.14.延续动词与瞬间动词

1)用于完成时的区别

延续动词表示经验、经历； 瞬间动词表示行为的结 果，不能与表示段的时间状语连用。

He has completed the work.他已完成了那项工作。(表结果)I’ve known him since then.我从那时起就认识他了。(表经历)2)用于till / until从句的差异

延续动词用于肯定句，表示“做……直到……” 瞬间动词用于否定句，表示“到……，才……”

He didn’t come back until ten o’clock.他到10 点才回来。

He slept until ten o’clock.他一直睡到10点。

典型例题

1.You don’t need to describe her.I ___ her several times.A.had met B.have met C.met D.meet 答案B.首先本题后句强调对现在的影响，我知道她的模样，你不用描述。再次，several times告知为反复发生的动作，因此用现在完成时。

2.---I’m sorry to keep you waiting.---Oh, not at all.I ___ here only a few minutes.A.have been B.had been C.was D.will be

答案A.等待的动作由过去开始，持续到现在，应用现

.不定式作宾语

1)动词+ 不定式

afford aim appear agree arrange ask be decide bother care choose come dare demand desire determine expect elect endeavor hope fail happen help hesitate learn long mean manage offer ought plan prepare pretend promise refuse seem tend wait wish undertake 举例：

The driver failed to see the other car in time.司机没能及时看见另一辆车。

I happen to know the answer to your question.我碰巧知道你那道问题的答案。

2）动词+不定式 ； 动词+宾语+不定式

ask, beg, choose, expect , hate, help intend like, love, need prefer, prepare, promise, want, wish…

I like to keep everything tidy.我喜欢每件东西都保持整洁。

I like you to keep everything tidy.我喜欢你年使每件东西都保持整洁。

I want to speak to Tom.我想和汤姆谈话。

I want you to speak to Tom.我想让你和汤姆谈话。

3）动词+疑问词+ to

decide, know, consider forget, learn, remember, show, understand, see, wonder, hear, find out, explain, tell

Please show us how to do that.请演示给我们如何去做。

There are so many kinds of tape-recorders on sale that I can’t make up my mind which to buy.有这么多的录音机，我都拿不定主意买哪一种。

注意:疑问词带不定式在句中作成分时，谓语动词用单数。

The question is how to put it into practice.问题是怎样把它付诸实施。

2.不定式作补语

1)动词+宾语+不定式(to do)

advise allow appoint believe cause challenge command compel consider declare drive enable encourage find forbid force guess hire imagine impel induce inform instruct invite judge know like order permit persuade remind report request require select send state suppose tell think train trust understand urge warn

例句：

a.Father will not allow us to play on the street.父亲不让我们在街上玩耍。

b.We believe him to be guilty.我们相信他是有罪的。

Find 的特殊用法：

Find 后可用分词做宾补，或先加形式宾语，再加形容词，最后加带to 的动词不定式。find后也可带一个从句。此类动词还有get，have。

I found him lying on the ground.I found it important to learn.I found that to learn English is important.典型例题:

The next morning she found the man ___ in bed，dead.A.lying B.lie C.lay D.laying

答案：A.find的宾语后面，用分词或分词短语，起宾语补足语作用。现在分词表达主动，也表达正在进行，过去分词表达被动。

2)to + be 的不定式结构，作补语的动词。

Acknowledge, believe, consider, think, declare(声称), discover, fancy(设想), feel find, guess, judge, imagine, know, prove, see(理解), show, suppose, take(以为), understand

We consider Tom to be one of the best students in our class.我们认为汤姆是班上最好的学生之一。

典型例题

Charles Babbage is generally considered ___ the first computer.A.to invent B.inventing C.to have invented D.having invented

答案：A.由consider to do sth.排除B、D。.此句只说明发明这一个事实，不定式后用原形即可。而C为现在完成时，发明为点动词一般不用完成时，且此处也不强调对现在的影响，因此不选C。

3)to be +形容词

Seem, appear, be said, be supposed, be believed, be thought, be known, be reported, hope, wish, desire, want, plan, expect, mean… The book is believed to be uninteresting.人们认为这本书没什么意思。

4)there be+不定式

believe, expect, intend, like, love, mean, prefer, want, wish, undrstand

We didn’t expect there to be so many people there.我们没料到会有那么多人在哪里。

注意 ： 有些动词需用as 短语做补语，如regard, think believe, take, consider.We regard Tom as our best teacher.我们认为汤姆是我们最好的老师。

Mary took him as her father.玛丽把他当作自己的父亲。

.不定式作主语

1）It’s easy(for me)to do that.我做这事太容易了

easy, difficult, hard, important, possible, impossible, comfortable, necessary, better;

the first, the next, the last, the best, too much, too little, not enough It’s so nice to hear your voice.听到你的声音真高兴。

It’s necessary for you to lock the car when you do not use it.当你不用车的时候，锁车是有必要的。

2)It’s very kind of you to help us.他帮助我们，他真好。

Kind, nice, stupid, rude, clever, foolish, thoughtful, thoughtless, brave, considerate(考虑周到的), silly, selfish(自私的)例句:

It was silly of us to believe him.我们真愚蠢，竟然相信了他。

It seemed selfish of him not to give them anything.他不给他们任何东西，这显得太自私了。

注意：1)其他系动词如，look，appear等也可用于此句型

2)不定式作为句子成分时，动词用单数形式。

3)当不定式作主语的句子中又有一个不定式作表语时，不能用It is… to…的句型

(对)To see is to believe.百闻不如一见。

(错)It is to believe to see.4.It’s for sb.和 It’s of sb.1）for sb.常用于表示事物的特征特点，表示客观形式的形容词，如easy, hard, difficult, interesting, impossible等：

It’s very hard for him to study two languages.对他来说学两门外语是很难的。

2）of sb的句型一般用表示人物的性格，品德，表示主观感情或态度的形容词，如good, kind, nice, clever, foolish, right。

It’s very nice of you to help me.你来帮助我，你真是太好了。

for 与of 的辨别方法：

用介词后面的代词作主语，用介词前边的形容词作表语，造个句子。如果道理上通顺用of，不通则用for。如：

You are nice.(通顺，所以应用of)。

He is hard.(人是困难的，不通，因此应用for。)3)祁使句（Imperative Sentence）

祈使句往往是用来表示说话人的请求、命令、要求、建议，等等。祈使句的主语常被省略，因为这个主语很明确地是听话人“you”。当然，有时为了强调或表示某种感情，句子也会带上主语。

祈使句的谓语用动词原形；它的否定形式是句首用Don't + 动词原形，或是Not to + 动词原形。例如：

Be quiet , please!（大家）请安静。

Stand up!起立！

Don't smoke in the office.请不要在办公室吸烟。

Don't be standing in the rain.别站在雨里。

Not to be careless when you're driving a car.开车时不要粗心大意。

4)感叹句（Exclamatory Sentence）

感叹句表示说话人的喜悦、气愤、惊讶等强烈的情绪。这类句子中，有很多是由What或How引起的。What 用来强调名词，How则强调形容词、副词或动词。这类句子的构成只需将所强调或是说，所感叹的对象放到句首；句子无需倒装，句子要用正常语序。当然，如果不用这种句型，而句子（无论是那种句子）本身又表示了上述的种种情绪，那么该句也就成了感叹句。例如：

What a fine day it is today!今天天气多好啊！

How fine it is today!今天天气多好啊！

What a lovely son you have!你有个多可爱的儿子啊！

How lovely your son is!你的儿子多可爱