2018年江苏省专转本英语作文评分标准及写作段落展开

第一篇：2018年江苏省专转本英语作文评分标准及写作段落展开

作文评分标准

2分 — 条理不清，思路紊乱，语言支离破碎或大部分句子均有错误，且多数为严重错误。5分 — 基本切题。表达思想不清楚，连贯性差。有较多的严重语言错误。

8分 — 基本切题。有些地方表达思想不够清楚，文字勉强连贯；语言错误相当多，其中有一些是严重错误。

11分— 切题。表达思想清楚，文字连贯，但有少量语言错误。14分— 切题。表达思想清楚，文字通顺，连贯性较好，基本上无语言错误，仅有个别小错。字数不足应酌情扣分

(注: 白卷/作文与题目毫不相关/ 或只有几个孤立的词汇而无法表达思想,则给0分)字数不足应酌情扣分: 字数 110-119 100-109 90-99 80-89 70-79 60-69 50-59 ＜49 扣分 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 9

(注: 1.如题目中给出主题句,起始句, 结束句,均不计入所写字数 2.规定的内容没写全者,按比列扣分 3.如果扣为0分, 要慎重处理)

写作须知

第一，首先必须熟悉英语写作具体要求。英语考试要求考生在30分钟内写出120字的文章。体材主要有议论文（分为“Topic题型”和A&B又称“正反观点题”）应用文（主要是书信）、图表文等。针对不同的体裁，写作思路是不同的。比如，以议论文举例来说：

1.议论文写作思路

2.议论文分类：阐述主题型作文（Topic）；正反观点型作文（A&B）

3.阐述主题型作文写作：（这类题型作文要求从一句话或一个主题出发，按照提纲的要求进行论述）

（1）基本写作格式

5.正反观点型作文（A&B）（这类题型作文通常从正反两方面来分别论述，最后得出你自己的结论。采用论点加论据写作形式。）

（1）基本写作格式

第二，熟悉英语写作的几个重要概念。

1.英语文章段落结构特点

英语文章段落结构一般有三部分构成：主题句+扩展句+结尾句

（1）主题句：所谓主题句，就是英语文章段落的中心思想句。它是英语文章段落的灵魂，在英语文章段落中居于主导地位。我们都知道英语文章一般喜欢开门见山，所以主题句一般位于英语文章段落的句首。其他句子都要围绕它而展开。

（2）扩展句：所谓扩展句就是为主题句起解释说明或论证的句子。通常我们写扩展句所采用的方法是举例子（for example, for instance, such as, a case in point is that---）、列数据（according to the recent study/survey,---）等。

（3）结尾句（一般不写）：所谓结尾句就是总结句。英语写作也类似于汉语写作，最后再把自己本段落的写作目的陈述一下。但是在英语写作中结尾句毕竟还是少数。

因此我们通常看到英语的文章段落结构 60%-70%都是由主题句+扩展句构成。

2.主旨句

作为主旨句就是英语文章的中心思想句。英语文章一般首先用一句话概括一下作者的写作目的或意图，我们就把这句话称之为主旨句。没有受过写作训练的考生是不会写主旨句的。因此这样的文章就不能够称之为好的英语文章，自然也得不到阅卷人的青睐了。第三，学会遣词造句

1.遣词：

（1）词汇等级

所谓词汇的等级就是，我们在写作的过程中，如果想出一个基本词汇来之后，能够在这个基本词汇的基础上把它在提升一下，也就是我们一般写作所提倡的用“难词”。比如，我们一提到“重要的”，大多数同学首先会想到“important”这个单词，那么提升一下的话就可以想到它的如下同义词：significant, vital, main, basilica, crucial, momentous etc

（2）词汇准确性

所谓词汇的准确性是指，我们在有一个词近而想到它的同义词之后，要结合语境选择恰当的用词。在这里必须指明的是，并不是词汇等级越高越好，必须还要考虑到适合于不同的语境。比如，眼睛大，这个“大的”形容词，我们首先会想到big,近而想到great, large, huge, vast, titanic, enormous etc。那么是不是用后面的词就可以了呢？或者说用上enormous等词更能博得阅卷人的好感呢？答案是否定的。在这里很明显用后面的词来修饰眼睛是不可以，只能用big，因为我们听过一首英文歌曲叫做“I am a big big girl, in a big big world.” big表示眼睛大而迷人可爱的。

2.造句：

（1）词组

很多考生平时写作不太擅长用词组，对于他们而言最习惯的就是想到汉语，然后对应汉语思维写出英语句子，这种写作只能是单词的罗列组合，谈不上什么技巧文采可言，因此，写出来的文章必然就是所谓平淡如流水，没有英语的味道。如果我们能够在单词的基础上，进一步想到与之同义的词组，那么文章就会显得与众不同，更具有英语的味道。比如上面所说的“重要的”这个单词，当我们想到important的时候，如果从语法角度再稍加考虑一下，我们会想到“be of importance”。因为，语法中规定：形容词等于of加这个形容词的名词形式。如果再提升一步，我们还学过一个常用的词组叫做“play an important role in---”。很多同学说自己的文章凑不够字数或是没有文采，那么采用词组进行写作是不是就可以解决以上问题了呢？

（2）句式

除了采用词组，要使文章更具英语的味道，我们还需要变换句式。没有受过正规作文训练的考生，通常采用的句式多为主谓宾、主系表。于是我们看到大多数的文章充斥着这样的形式：I am a good boy, and I am a student.I study in Nanjing University, and I have three years experience in Hilton Hotel.这样流水帐式的文章显然不能得到高分。

写作中阅卷人喜欢的句式有以下两种：一是插入语；二是倒装。

第一，插入语。

所谓插入语，英语中有两种形式。一种是有两个逗号之间引起的成分称之为插入语；第二种是有两个半破折号引起的成分称之为插入语。如下所示（黑体划线处）：

Jinan, the Spring City, is a famous tourist city.Other people may give us instrumental support—financial aid, material resources, and needed services—that reduces stress by helping us resolve and cope with our problems.插入语的作用主要有两个，一个是突出主语，比如说：He, who would like to play basketball, is a good student.第二个作用是解释说明，比如说：People, especially students, should work hard.第二，倒装

倒装是我们写作中需要用到的。虽然略显俗套，但是却是很能满足阅卷人的主观感受的。常用的倒装形式有以下几种：

Only + 时间状语

Only when all of us join in the efforts of eliminating cheating at all levels, can we expect to have a cleaner society and a more beautiful future.Only + 介词词组

Only by planning his time care fully can he improve efficiency and make achievements.Only in this way can we master the writing skills step by steps.否定词位于句首（hardly when;never;not only---,but also---;seldom）

在我一生当中很难遇到这样的人

Seldom in my life have I met such a kind-hearted man.地点方位名词位于句首

In no other place in the world can one find such enthusiasm for applying for hosting the 2008 Olympic Games.（3）修辞

无论是汉语写作还是英语写作，修辞其实非常的重要。它是作者写作功底具体事例地展现。所谓修辞包括比喻、拟人、排比等等。英语写作中的修辞问题我已经专门写过一篇文章（见《英语写作几种修辞手法》）。这里仅举一个比喻例子，还是拿“重要的”来举例。当你用完词组之后，如果你用上下面比如句子，则文章就会显得神采飞扬，试比较：

The bicycle is important for us.The bicycle is of importance for us.The bicycle plays an important role in our life.The bicycle, environmental friendliness vehicle, plays an important role in our life.The bicycle is like the air, water, and sunshine and cannot be parted with a moment in our life.那么很明显，最后一个句子是我们最终拿到考场上去搏击高分的句子。

第四，平时要注意积累

很多考生为了写好作文也作了好多工作，课下也付出了很多，包括背诵大量的文章等等，但是提笔写作时候，仍不见的有所改观。问题在哪里呢？

我认为，很多考生虽然也背诵文章，但却只是死记硬背。如果合上书本让他复述，他们就会卡壳。就是茶壶里煮饺子，倒不出来。我们说背诵是个输入的过程，而说和写则是输出的过程。我们真正需要的是把平时积累的随时随地用在我们的写作中。因此，我们在注重积累的同时，一定在平时练习的时候，把他们多家运用。只有多练多用，才能真正达到学以致用，才能真正提高写作水平。例文一篇 【必背】 On Water Shortage

No one can have failed to notice the fact that water shortage is a grave problem with which the whole world is confronted.Actually, it has become so widespread that it has severely affected people’s daily life and hindered the development of the global economy.A number of factors could account for the problem, but the following might be the critical ones.First, with the development of agriculture and industry, an increasing amount of water is needed.Secondly, the ever-increasing population is another leading cause of water shortage.Besides, the global tendency of warming up also contributes to the problem.What’s worse, pollution and waste of fresh water aggravate the situation.In view of the seriousness of the problem, effective measures must be taken before things get worse.First, it is essential that laws and regulations be worked out and enforced to protect water resources.Secondly, people should enhance their awareness of saving water.With these measures taken, it is reasonable for us to expect a brighter future.

第二篇：2017年江苏省专转本写作段展开复习资料

写作

第一，首先必须熟悉英语写作具体要求。

英语考试要求考生在30分钟内写出120字的文章。体材主要有议论文（分为“Topic题型”和A&B又称“正反观点题”）应用文（主要是书信）、图表文等。针对不同的体裁，写作思路是不同的。比如，以议论文举例来说：

1.议论文写作思路

2.议论文分类：阐述主题型作文（Topic）；正反观点型作文（A&B）

3.阐述主题型作文写作：（这类题型作文要求从一句话或一个主题出发，按照提纲的要求进行论述）

（1）基本写作格式

5.正反观点型作文（A&B）（这类题型作文通常从正反两方面来分别论述，最后得出你自己的结论。采用论点加论据写作形式。）

（1）基本写作格式

第二，熟悉英语写作的几个重要概念。

1.英语文章段落结构特点

英语文章段落结构一般有三部分构成：主题句+扩展句+结尾句

（1）主题句：所谓主题句，就是英语文章段落的中心思想句。它是英语文章段落的灵魂，在英语文章段落中居于主导地位。我们都知道英语文章一般喜欢开门见山，所以主题句一般位于英语文章段落的句首。其他句子都要围绕它而展开。

（2）扩展句：所谓扩展句就是为主题句起解释说明或论证的句子。通常我们写扩展句所采用的方法是举例子（for example, for instance, such as, a case in point is that---）、列数据（according to the recent study/survey,---）等。

（3）结尾句：所谓结尾句就是总结句。英语写作也类似于汉语写作，最后再把自己本段落的写作目的陈述一下。但是在英语写作中结尾句毕竟还是少数。

因此我们通常看到英语的文章段落结构 60%-70%都是由主题句+扩展句构成。

2.主旨句

作为主旨句就是英语文章的中心思想句。英语文章一般首先用一句话概括一下作者的写作目的或意图，我们就把这句话称之为主旨句。没有受过写作训练的考生是不会写主旨句的。因此这样的文章就不能够称之为好的英语文章，自然也得不到阅卷人的青睐了。

第三，学会遣词造句

1.遣词：

（1）词汇等级

所谓词汇的等级就是，我们在写作的过程中，如果想出一个基本词汇来之后，能够在这个基本词汇的基础上把它在提升一下，也就是我们一般写作所提倡的用“难词”。比如，我们一提到“重要的”，大多数同学首先会想到“important”这个单词，那么提升一下的话就可以想到它的如下同义词：significant, vital, main, basilica, crucial, momentous etc 词汇替换速成.doc

（2）词汇准确性

所谓词汇的准确性是指，我们在有一个词近而想到它的同义词之后，要结合语境选择恰当的用词。在这里必须指明的是，并不是词汇等级越高越好，必须还要考虑到适合于不同的语境。比如，眼睛大，这个“大的”形容词，我们首先会想到big,近而想到great, large, huge, vast, titanic, enormous etc。那么是不是用后面的词就可以了呢？或者说用上enormous等词更能博得阅卷人的好感呢？答案是否定的。在这里很明显用后面的词来修饰眼睛是不可以，只能用big，因为我们听过一首英文歌曲叫做“I am a big big girl, in a big big world.” big表示眼睛大而迷人可爱的。

2.造句：

（1）词组

很多考生平时写作不太擅长用词组，对于他们而言最习惯的就是想到汉语，然后对应汉语思维写出英语句子，这种写作只能是单词的罗列组合，谈不上什么技巧文采可言，因此，写出来的文章必然就是所谓平淡如流水，没有英语的味道。如果我们能够在单词的基础上，进一步想到与之同义的词组，那么文章就会显得与众不同，更具有英语的味道。比如上面所说的“重要的”这个单词，当我们想到important的时候，如果从语法角度再稍加考虑一下，我们会想到“be of importance”。因为，语法中规定：形容词等于of加这个形容词的名词形式。如果再提升一步，我们还学过一个常用的词组叫做“play an important role in---”。很多同学说自己的文章凑不够字数或是没有文采，那么采用词组进行写作是不是就可以解决以上问题了呢？

（2）句式

除了采用词组，要使文章更具英语的味道，我们还需要变换句式。没有受过正规作文训练的考生，通常采用的句式多为主谓宾、主系表。于是我们看到大多数的文章充斥着这样的形式：I am a good boy, and I am a student.I study in Nanjing University, and I have three years experience in Hilton Hotel.这样流水帐式的文章显然不能得到高分。

写作中阅卷人喜欢的句式有以下两种：一是插入语；二是倒装。

第一，插入语。

所谓插入语，英语中有两种形式。一种是有两个逗号之间引起的成分称之为插入语；第二种是有两个半破折号引起的成分称之为插入语。如下所示（黑体划线处）：

Jinan, the Spring City, is a famous tourist city.Other people may give us instrumental support—financial aid, material resources, and needed services—that reduces stress by helping us resolve and cope with our problems.插入语的作用主要有两个，一个是突出主语，比如说：He, who would like to play basketball, is a good student.第二个作用是解释说明，比如说：People, especially students, should work hard.第二，倒装

倒装是我们写作中需要用到的。虽然略显俗套，但是却是很能满足阅卷人的主观感受的。常用的倒装形式有以下几种：

Only + 时间状语

Only when all of us join in the efforts of eliminating cheating at all levels, can we expect to have a cleaner society and a more beautiful future.Only + 介词词组

Only by planning his time care fully can he improve efficiency and make achievements.Only in this way can we master the writing skills step by steps.否定词位于句首（hardly when;never;not only---,but also---;seldom）

在我一生当中很难遇到这样的人

Seldom in my life have I met such a kind-hearted man.地点方位名词位于句首

In no other place in the world can one find such enthusiasm for applying for hosting the 2008 Olympic Games.（3）修辞

无论是汉语写作还是英语写作，修辞其实非常的重要。它是作者写作功底具体事例地展现。所谓修辞包括比喻、拟人、排比等等。英语写作中的修辞问题我已经专门写过一篇文章（见《英语写作几种修辞手法》）。这里仅举一个比喻例子，还是拿“重要的”来举例。当你用完词组之后，如果你用上下面比如句子，则文章就会显得神采飞扬，试比较：

The bicycle is important for us.The bicycle is of importance for us.The bicycle plays an important role in our life.The bicycle, environmental friendliness vehicle, plays an important role in our life.The bicycle is like the air, water, and sunshine and cannot be parted with a moment in our life.那么很明显，最后一个句子是我们最终拿到考场上去搏击高分的句子。

第四，平时要注意积累

我们真正需要的是把平时积累的随时随地用在我们的写作中。因此，我们在注重积累的同时，一定在平时练习的时候，把他们多家运用。只有多练多用，才能真正达到学以致用，才能真正提高写作水平。

On Water Shortage

No one can have failed to notice the fact that water shortage is a grave problem with which the whole world is confronted.Actually, it has become so widespread that it has severely affected people’s daily life and hindered the development of the global economy.A number of factors could account for the problem, but the following might be the critical ones.First, with the development of agriculture and industry, an increasing amount of water is needed.Secondly, the ever-increasing population is another leading cause of water shortage.Besides, the global tendency of warming

up also contributes to the problem.What’s worse, pollution and waste of fresh water aggravate the situation.In view of the seriousness of the problem, effective measures must be taken before things get worse.First, it is essential that laws and regulations be worked out and enforced to protect water resources.Secondly, people should enhance their awareness of saving water.With these measures taken, it is reasonable for us to expect a brighter future.

第三篇：2018年江苏省专转本英语押题作文

1.心理健康问题往往是导致疾病的原因

2.分析人们产生心理健康问题的原因(可从失业、压力过重、缺少支持、缺乏人际关系等方面加以分析)3.你认为人们如何保持心理健康

How to Keep Psychologically Healthy?

One in four people will experience some kind of mental health problem in the course of a year.When you fail to manage to control these problems, they are likely to cause various mental illnesses and, as a result of physiological imbalance, physical illnesses.You may not be able to live a normal life, let alone a fulfilling one.The causes of mental health problems often vary a lot from one case to another.In today’ society, a good number of people are suffering from heavy pressure.Others are lacking in communication skills and feel they are living in an isolated world.In addition, a lot of people are ignorant of psychological knowledge about how to keep mentally fit.There are a lot of ways to curb mental health problems and keep psychologically healthy.Firstly, find the real cause of your mental health problem and see whether you can do something to make a change.Secondly, learn to relax yourself and take exercise to release the pressure.After all, your health is what counts most.Lastly, you may find it helpful to talk to your partner, a relative or a friend about your problems, or seek support and advice from a psychological consultant.2

1.现在大学校园里，迟到、早退、旷课是常见的现象

2.保证学生的出勤率对大学教育的重要性 3.作为一个大学生应该怎样做 Attend Your Classes Regularly Nowadays it is a very common phenomenon that some university students are late for or even absent from classes.And still there are some students who slip out of the classroom before the class is over.Class attendance has become a thorny problem to both the students and teachers.In fact, it is very important for the students to attend their classes regularly.First, it will ensure you to catch up with the teachers in your learning.That is very helpful to you if you want to do a good job in your study.Second, attending classes regularly is a way of showing respect to your teachers too.Your teachers will feel bad if the students do not attend their classes, which, in turn, will affect their teaching and be no good for the students.Third, attending classes regularly will help to form a good habit of punctuality, which is of great importance for the students to do a good job in the future.Therefore, we university students should form the good habit of attending our classes regularly from now on.And some day we’ll benefit from it.3

1.这是我在大学的第一天

2.大学生活与中学生活有何不同

3.我理想中的大学生活应是...My First Impression in College

On the very first day in college, I was surprised to find the campus was so large.Believe it or not, I even lost my way to the dormitory when I returned from the dining hall.At first, I had difficulty adapting myself to college life.In college, we had more free time than in middle school.In the evening, we were not required to study in the classroom.Instead, we could go anywhere and do what we want.I was at a loss on how to make use of so much free time.Then I borrowed a number of books from the library and most of them were novels, which I had no chance to read in middle school.Besides reading books in my spare time, I played table tennis for fun and made enormous progress.In my opinion, study should be the priority of our college life.Besides, we can take part in sports activities and have fun.Of course, we may take part-time jobs to improve our skills.In all, college life should be colorful and meaningful.4.1.中国传统节日受到冷遇，西方节日日益升温已成为趋势

2.形成这种现象的原因

3.你对这种现象的态度来源： The Prevalence of Western Holidays

It is noticeable that western holidays are becoming increasingly popular day by day, while Chinese traditional holidays are being somewhat neglected.Old people often complain that Chinese New Year has lost its real meaning.To their astonishment, young people in China, ignorant about Chinese traditional holidays, are crazy about Christmas or Valentine Day.There are several possible reasons for this phenomenon.First, western nations, such as the United States and Britain, are powerful and dominant in every aspect.Everything in these countries is assumed to be superior and adored by some modern young people.Second, the prevalence of English as a world language and the development of globalization enable western culture to flood in China.Overwhelmed by such a trend, Chinese unconsciously get involved in western culture.Last but not least, some Chinese people have blind faith in foreign things while dismiss our own possessions with contempt.I am critical of this trend.China boasts a brilliant history and splendid traditions.In modern times, Chinese tradition should be preserved and promoted.But it seems that young people no longer treasure the tradition.On the contrary, they turn to pursue enthusiastically a supposedly more modern culture.If this trend is allowed to continue, the priceless heritage of our ancestors will be replaced by western traditions.Nobody expects such a consequence.So let join hand in hand to protect Chinese tradition.5 1． 有人认为大学里应独自生活 2． 另一些认为大学里应与别人同住 3． 你的看法

Living alone or Living with Roommates Nowadays, there has appeared a heated discussion among the college students as to whether they should live alone outside the campus or live together with other roommates in the students’ dormitory.Opinions are divided over the matter.Those who are in favor of living alone maintain that it is very convenient to live by themselves.They can enjoy absolute freedom in a room of their own.They can have their own timetable without disturbing others.They are also free to equip the room with a personal computer so that they can have easy access to the Internet.But others argue that living with roommates has attractions of its own.With several students sharing the same room, each person’s experiences can be greatly enriched.They can learn a lot from talking to one another.By learning to tolerate the differences between individuals, they can become more mature.As far as I’m concerned, I prefer to live with roommates because I love the feeling of belonging.Besides, it is a lot cheaper to live in a dorm than to rent a apartment outside the campus.6 １．在现代社会，城市交通问题变得越来越严重 ２．城市交通问题的表现以及对人们生活的影响 ３．解决的方法与措施 Traffic Jam There is no doubt that traffic congestion becomes a growing worry for the residents of most urban areas.Some major roads are regularly choked with traffic in rush hours.The limited transport capacity contributes largely to the vexing problem.How to solve the headache?.The existing solutions to traffic jam mainly aim at creating metro bus systems and broadening major roads.Widening the existing roads can solve traffic snarls on some level.Soaring car ownership compounds the chronic annoying problem, so we must sharply reduce the heavy reliance on cars and drive a shift to the mass transportation.It is a cheap and good way.We can create a system of customized bus routes and highlight the development of subways, trolleys and light rail.The effective combination of these solutions will enable the urban areas to possess a smooth traffic.水资源短缺 On Water Shortage

No one can have failed to notice the fact that water shortage is a grave problem with which the whole world is confronted.Actually, it has become so widespread that it has severely affected people’s daily life and hindered the development of the global economy.A number of factors could account for the problem, but the following might be the critical ones.First, with the development of agriculture and industry, an increasing amount of water is needed.Secondly, the ever-increasing population is another leading cause of water shortage.Besides, the global tendency of warming up also contributes to the problem.What’s worse, pollution and waste of fresh water aggravate the situation.In view of the seriousness of the problem, effective measures must be taken before things get worse.First, it is essential that laws and regulations be worked out and enforced to protect water resources.Secondly, people should enhance their awareness of saving water.With these measures taken, it is reasonable for us to expect a brighter future.8大学生使用信用卡现象 On Credit Card At present, a wide variety of credit cards issued by major banks and shopping malls are thriving in colleges and universities across the nation, with a multitude of college students making up a growing population of card holders.Indeed, one out of five students is estimated to be in possession of at least one credit card, and the figure is expected to be on the steady increase, the latest data published by Yangtze Evening Post suggests.Like anything prior to the emergence of this small piece of plastic, the increasing popularity of credit card on campus has both bright and dark sides.On the one hand, young adults in college, free from the trouble of pocketing a considerable sum of cash, could enjoy the convenience of credit cards and purchase expensive goods by installments.On the other hand, however, the irresponsible and excessive use of the cards by these youngsters, the majority of whom are fresh out of middle school incapable of budgeting their money, can make them heavily in debt which will take them years to pay off.On my personal level, while enjoying a host of conveniences the credit card may bring, we couldn’t afford to ignore a conspicuous fact: in most cases, parents are our sole financial sources.Instead of spending without any restrict, we are supposed to put studies on the top of our agenda and move ourselves beyond heavy dependence upon our parents.1)现在有一些大学生沉迷于网络游戏，家长和学校对此忧心忡忡 2)但有人认为网络游戏并不是一无是处 3)你对此的看法是…… Online Games As a product of modern computer and the Internet, online games have become very popular among college students.Many students have enjoyed great pleasure and satisfaction from these games.But as we see, some students lacking self-discipline are too much indulged in these games so that their health and academic performances are affected.This phenomenon has caused much worry from the teachers and parents。

However, some others argue that online games are not always harmful.They can train the ability of youngsters to respond to things quickly.Moreover, they can stimulate their imagination and their interest in computer science.More importantly, it does bring college students much pleasure and release their pressure greatly。

From my point of view, online games are a wonderful entertainment if you play them in a clever way.When they interfere too much with your study, it is better for you to give them up at once.But if you have enough self-control over them, you can certainly obtain real pleasure and benefit a lot from them。限制使用一次性塑料袋

Limiting the Use of Disposable Plastic Bags Disposable plastic bags were once widely used in China.When we went shopping at supermarkets and departments stores，shopping assistants often provided free plastic bags for our convenience.For a while，life without them seemed However，disposable plastic bags do bring severe damage to our environment.Costumers usually threw them away after use，and because they are thin and hard to decompose，these plastic products will exist for a long time.This is an immediate threat to our earth and water.Nowadays，the government has passed relevant regulations for limiting the use of disposable plastic bags： they are not free any more.In some shopping places，in order to invoke the public awareness of environmental protection，plastic bags are offered in a much higher price.As a result，people are changing their behavior： paper and clothing bags that vanished for a long time come back to our daily life.It is true that by limiting its usage，everyone in this society contributes some effort to the improvement of the environment.旅游

1）有的人喜欢独自旅行，有的人喜欢与别人结伴而行 2）两种旅行方式的好处

3）你更喜欢哪种旅行方式，为什么？

Travel Alone or Travel with a Companion？ When it comes to traveling way，different people will offer different opinions.Some people like to travel alone，while others prefer to travel with a companion.Of course，everyone has his consideration for his preference.Traveling alone，one can enjoy more freedom.The traveler can arrange his tour as he wishes without the trouble of humoring others.Moreover，traveling alone tend to bring the traveler unexpected surprise，such as making a new friend and enjoying a different scenery.Compared with traveling alone，traveling with a companion has also its advantages.For one thing，the group members can help and look after each other in the journey.For another，traveling with others who have same interest with，you u can share costs and experiences with them.As to me，I prefer to travel with a companion.Firstly，we can deal with the possible problems and difficulties in the journey.Secondly，I like to share the pleasure of traveling with others.In sum，both traveling alone and traveling with a companion have their attractions，and you can find the pleasure from either one.12 1.近年来网络上谣言盛行

2.这种现象造成的危害

3.如何解决这一问题 My View on Internet Rumors

No one can have failed to notice the fact that Internet rumors have been a grave problem confronting us.Groundless allegations flood the Internet.Taking a look around, we can find examples too many to enumerate: scandals of both famous and unknown people, fake forecast of earthquakes and the like.Internet rumors will definitely result in severe consequences if we keep turning a blind eye to them.First and foremost, made-up scandals directly infringe upon citizens' rights, affecting their daily life and ruining their public image.Besides, the dissemination of such rumors as those about social or natural disasters causes panic and disorder among society.Last but not least, the spread of rumors on the Internet will undermine the credibility of the net to such a degree that people will no longer trust it in the future.Given the seriousness of this problem, effective steps must be adopted before the situation deteriorates.First, it is imperative that laws and regulations be enacted and executed to stop the production and transmission of Internet rumors.For instance, real-name system should be introduced as soon as possible.Secondly, people should be educated to identify and reject groundless allegations.With severe laws and a conscious public, it will only be a matter of time for Internet rumors to be eradicated.13

A Letter of Condolence慰问信

中国青海玉树大地震灾害严重，已造成***多万人无家可归。请你代表 我校写一封慰问信向灾区人民 表示关怀和慰问。

1.简要描述灾区的情况

2.对灾区人民表示关怀和慰问

3.表达灾后重建家园的信心

Dear Sir or madam，A powerful earthquake hit your hometown, Yushu in Qinghai province month ago.It is also a terrible natural disaster for our whole nation.It has caused both financial and life loss.Until now, approximately seventy thousand people lost their lives due to the earthquake and much more were injured seriously.Six million people have no homes to return as the majority of the buildings were collapsed。

These days we keep watching the staggering deathroll and hearing the heart-wrenching stories from the Yushu earthquake.We are so much saddened that many children lost their parents and many couples lost their lovers.I could not help but cry when hearing of the moving stories that happened during the disaster.And we are so much touched by the true outpouring of effort and emotion from all over the country.You are not alone and you won’t feel lonely.Our whole nation is a big family, and every member would like to give a helping hand by all means, such as donating money, time, energy and blood to the people in the stricken area.We, 1.3 billion Chinese people shed the same tear sharing the same hopes.A series of actions has been taken since the earthquake happened.A majority of Chinese people are doing whatever they can to lend a hand.I believe, with the assistance of people in all walks of life, your after-disaster reconstruction will be dealt with at a fantastic speed.The stricken area will soon be restored.And I hope you can pull yourself together and muster up courage to face the future.We will overcome any difficulty, because we are Chinese.Ten thousand people beat everything with a single undying heart"。

Try to look on the bright side of things.The future will be bright, cheer up!Yours sincerely, 14 感恩

On college campuses across the nation, there is a noticeable phenomenon that we cannot afford to ignore: far too many young college students lack the sense of gratitude, one of the countless traditional virtues of this ancient land with a splendid civilization spanning over 5,000 years.These young adults were not and are not aware of the huge importance of expressing gratitude to those who once helped them, from teachers to parents and so forth.Personally, I deem that the root cause of students without a graceful heart is that they receive an education not valuing the moral sphere.I strongly believe that joint efforts from folks across society are the final remedy for this social headache.As young university students of the new era, we should make our own contributions to this cause.Imagine a world without the sense of gratitude.This kind of world is doomed to failure.Simply put, we should join our hands to heighten our awareness of fostering a graceful heart.Only in this way can we build our society into a harmonious one.My fellow students, I beg you to act from now on。15.Mental Health

Students' mental health has been playing an increasingly important role in our everyday campus life.Indeed, it is widely accepted that metal health has gained growing popularity among persons in all walks of life.There is a general discussion today about the issue of disorder in brains。

Obviously, it is necessary that effective actions should be taken to prevent problems.Authorities in universities play a critical role in the situation.To begin with, schools, such as colleges or universities, can provide chances for the young men to ease their attention.What's more, some are physically strong, but psychological problems are able to bring potential threats.Teaches may have a chance to find them in advance.Besides, specialists in this field are to be required to make full preparation for cases in time.Facing the crisis, experts can deal with it in a professional way, which means they have more or better opportunities to save us than others.From the factors mentioned above, we may safely draw the conclusion that we can free ourselves from mental illness by taking certain precautions.For example, if you have pains or puzzles in mind, finding a friend to express these is a good way to release pressure.Certainly, there is little doubt that further attention will be paid to the issue.

第四篇：江苏省专转本英语考试大纲

江苏省专转本英语考试大纲

考试内容： 专转本英语考试包括五个部分：阅读理解、词语用法与语法结构、完形填空、翻译、作文。

试卷分为第Ⅰ卷（客观题）和第Ⅱ卷（主观题）两部分。两卷满分150分。考试时间为120分钟。

第Ⅰ卷（客观题）：（100分）

第一部分：阅读理解(Part Ⅰ：Reading Comprehension)

第二部分：词语用法和语法结构(Part Ⅱ：Vocabulary and Structure)

第三部分：完形填空(Part Ⅲ ：Cloze)第Ⅱ卷（主观题）：（50分）

第四部分：翻译(Part Ⅳ：Translation)

第五部分：写作(Part Ⅴ：Writing)第一部分：阅读理解(Part Ⅰ：Reading Comprehension)：（共20题，每小题2分，共40分）

要求考生阅读4篇短文，每篇阅读量不超过300词。每篇短文后有5个问题，考生应根据文章内容从每题四个选择项中选出一个最佳答案。选材的原则是：

1、题材广泛，可以包括人物传记、社会、文化、日常知识、科普常识等，但是所涉及的背景知识应能为学生所理解；

2、体裁多样，可以包括叙述文、说明文、议论文等；

3、文章的语言难度中等，无法猜测而又影响理解的关键词会用汉语注明词义。

阅读理解部分主要测试下述能力：

1、掌握所读材料的主旨和大意；

2、了解说明主旨和大意的事实和细节；

3、既理解字面的意思，也能根据所读材料进行一定的判断和推论；

4、既理解个别句子的意义，也理解上下文的逻辑关系。

阅读理解部分的目的是测试学生通过阅读获取信息的能力，既要求准确，也要求有一定速度。

第二部分：词语用法和语法结构(Part Ⅱ：Vocabulary and Structure)：（共40题，每小题1分，共40分）

题目为词和短语的用法和语法结构。要求考生从每题四个选择项中选出一个最佳答案。试题主要相关于谓语动词的时态语态、非谓语动词、it作形式主语或形式宾语、强调句、倒装句、从句引导词、虚拟语气等。

词语用法和语法结构部分的目的是测试学生运用词汇、短语及语法结构的能力。

第三部分：完形填空(Part Ⅲ ：Cloze)：（共20题，每小题1分，共20分）

在一篇或两篇题材熟悉、难度适中的短文(约200词)中留有20个空白，每个空白为一题，每题有四个选择项，要求考生在全面理解内容的基础上选择一个最佳答案，使短文的意思和结构恢复完整。填空的词项包括结构词和实译词。

形填空部分的目的是测试学生综合运用语言的能力，包括语法概念、词汇运用、篇章结构的理解等综合能力。

第四部分：翻译(Part Ⅳ：Translation)：（共10题，共35分）

一般为英译汉、汉译英各一半。两种翻译虽然在形式上不同，但就其本质，就是在谙熟两种语言内在结构的基础上自由转换。在英译汉过程中有通过之前文章理解全文基 2 础的上进行翻译的趋势。

英译汉的能力主要取决于对英文的理解能力，汉译英的能力主要取决于用英语的表达能力。

第五部分：写作(Part Ⅴ：Writing)：15分

要求考生写出一篇120词以上的短文，试卷上可能给出题目，或规定情景，或要求看图作文，或给出段首句要求续写;或给出关键词要求写成短文。要求能够正确表达思想，意义连贯，无重大语法错误。写作的内容包括大学生的学习和生活以及广受关注的一些社会热点问题。在功能上，主要涉及事件陈述、现象描述、问题概括、举例论证、利弊分析、因果分析、观点阐述、观点总结。

短文写作部分的目的是测试学生运用英语书面表达思想的初步能力。考试时间： 150 分钟。

第五篇：江苏省专转本考试大纲

江苏省专转本《大学语文》考试大纲

发布时间：2011-12-28 14:34:10 浏览：110

一、考核目标

主要考核学生的语文基础知识和运用马克思主义的立场、观点和方法阅读、分析浅近文言文、一般语体文的能力以及写作常用文体的能力。

二、考核内容

考核内容分为四个部分：语言知识、文学常识、阅读分析、基础写作。

（一）语言知识

1、识别古今意义有所不同的词语；了解文言词语一词多义现象；注意掌握现代汉语中仍然在运用的文言词语。识别通假字和古今字，理解其含义。

2、了解常用文言虚字之、其、者、所、诸、焉、则、而、于、以、且、乃等的用法和同一个文言虚字在不同语言环境中的不同含义。

3、理解文言文中与现代汉语不同的语法现象和句式，如使动用法、意动用法、名词作状语、名词用作动词、宾语前置、判断句、被动句等，并能正确地翻译成现代汉语。

4、理解古今作品中比喻、比拟、对偶、排比、夸张、层递、反复、设问、反诘等修辞格。

（二）文学常识

文学常识主要包括古今各种文体知识；中国古代和现当代重要作家及其主要作品；作家的朝代、字号、文学成就、诗文集名称、代表作、在文学史学上的地位；重要作品的作者、出处及名句；各种文学流派和文学现象。

（三）阅读分析

对于古代、现代文学作品的内容大意，段落层次，主旨或中心论点，哲理内涵，人物形象，故事情节，作者的思想观点、感情态度，作品所用的表现手法（对比、衬托、比兴、白描、象征等），修辞手法（比喻、比拟、对偶、排比、夸张、层递、反复、设问、反诘、引用等）能进行准确深刻的欣赏分析。

（四）基础写作

基础写作包括两方面的内容：一是正确理解应用文写作知识，并会具体运用写作知识进行写作实践，具体掌握书信、通知、通告、通报、请假条、感谢信、慰问信、倡议书、总结、调查报告、广告、合同、申请书、产品说明书等的写作；二是根据所给题目或材料，撰写议论文或记叙文。要求中心明确，思想健康，内容充实，结构完整，条理清楚，文字通顺，标点准确，书写整洁，不少于 800 字。

“专转本”英语考试大纲

发布时间：2012-2-20 18:21:44 浏览：618

考试内容：

专转本考试包括五个部分：阅读理解、词语用法与语法结构、完形填空、翻译、作文。

试卷分为第Ⅰ卷（客观题）和第Ⅱ卷（主观题）两部分。两卷满分150分。考试时间为120分钟。

第Ⅰ卷（客观题）：（100分）

第一部分：阅读理解(Part Ⅰ：Reading Comprehension)第二部分：词语用法和语法结构(Part Ⅱ：Vocabulary and Structure)第三部分：完形填空(Part Ⅲ ：Cloze)第四部分：翻译(Part Ⅳ：Translation)第五部分：写作(Part Ⅴ：Writing)

第一部分：阅读理解(Part Ⅰ：Reading Comprehension)：（共20题，每小题2分，共40分）

要求考生阅读4篇短文，每篇阅读量不超过300词。每篇短文后有5个问题，考生应根据文章内容从每题四个选择项中选出一个最佳答案。

选材的原则是：

1、题材广泛，可以包括人物传记、社会、文化、日常知识、科普常识等，但是所涉及的背景知识应能为学生所理解；

2、体裁多样，可以包括叙述文、说明文、议论文等；

3、文章的语言难度中等，无法猜测而又影响理解的关键词会用汉语注明词义。

阅读理解部分主要测试下述能力：

1、掌握所读材料的主旨和大意；

2、了解说明主旨和大意的事实和细节；

3、既理解字面的意思，也能根据所读材料进行一定的判断和推论；

4、既理解个别句子的意义，也理解上下文的逻辑关系。

阅读理解部分的目的是测试学生通过阅读获取信息的能力，既要求准确，也要求有一定速度。

第二部分：词语用法和语法结构(Part Ⅱ：Vocabulary and Structure)：（共40题，每小题1分，共40分）

题目为词和短语的用法和语法结构。要求考生从每题四个选择项中选出一个最佳答案。试题主要相关于谓语动词的时态语态、非谓语动词、it作形式主语或形式宾语、强调句、倒装句、从句引导词、虚拟语气等。

词语用法和语法结构部分的目的是测试学生运用词汇、短语及语法结构的能力。

第三部分：完形填空(Part Ⅲ ：Cloze)：（共20题，每小题1分，共20分）

在一篇或两篇题材熟悉、难度适中的短文(约200词)中留有20个空白，每个空白为一题，每题有四个选择项，要求考生在全面理解内容的基础上选择一个最佳答案，使短文的意思和结构恢复完整。填空的词项包括结构词和实译词。

完形填空部分的目的是测试学生综合运用语言的能力，包括语法概念、词汇运用、篇章结构的理解等综合能力。

第四部分：翻译(Part Ⅳ：Translation)：（共10题，共35分）

一般为英译汉、汉译英各一半。两种翻译虽然在形式上不同，但就其本质，就是在谙熟两种语言内在结构的基础上自由转换。在英译汉过程中有通过之前文章理解全文基础的上进行翻译的趋势。

英译汉的能力主要取决于对英文的理解能力，汉译英的能力主要取决于用英语的表达能力

第五部分：写作(Part Ⅴ：Writing)：15分

要求考生写出一篇120词以上的短文，试卷上可能给出题目，或规定情景，或要求看图作文，或给出段首句要求续写;或给出关键词要求写成短文。要求能够正确表达思想，意义连贯，无重大语法错误。写作的内容包括大学生的学习和生活以及广受关注的一些社会热点问题。在功能上，主要涉及事件陈述、现象描述、问题概括、举例论证、利弊分析、因果分析、观点阐述、观点总结。

短文写作部分的目的是测试学生运用英语书面表达思想的初步能力。考试时间： 150 分钟。“专转本”计算机考试大纲

作者：发布时间：2011-8-1 16:59:24 浏览：646

考试大纲

（一）信息技术概述 1．信息和信息技术

(1)信息特性及定义，数据、信息、知识，信息处理系统。（了解）(2)信息分类及信息处理，信息技术内容。（熟悉）2．微电子技术

(1)集成电路的概念，集成电路发展与分类，IC卡。（了解）(2)集成电路制造封装形式，Moore定律。（熟悉）3．通信技术

(1)通信系统基本原理，信道、信源、信宿，模拟信号，数字信号，全光网。（了解）(2)信道的传输模式，信道的带宽，信道的传输速率，多路复用技术，交换技术。(熟悉)(3)有线传输，无线传输，有线载波通信，传输介质，光纤通信。（熟悉）(4)无线电通信，微波通信，卫星通信，红外线通信，移动通信。（了解）4．数字技术基础

(1)信息表示单位，常用进制数，BCD编码，传输速率单位。（了解）

(2)整数编码表示，原码，补码，反码，实数编码表示，机器数，真值，数据溢出。（熟悉）

(3)比特位逻辑运算，进制数之间的转换，进制数的运算，原码、反码与补码之间的转换，原码和补码表示数的范围。（掌握）

（二）计算机硬件 1．计算机基本原理

(1)计算机发展及分类，软件概述，硬件概述。（了解）

(2)常见的输入设备，常见的输出设备，中央处理器概述，奔腾处理器特点。（了解）(3)计算机分类，内存储器、外存储器概述，系统总线，I/O总线。（理解）

(4)微处理器发展、字长、处理速度，指令与指令系统，客户机、服务器概述。（理解）

2．PC机组成

(1)主板、芯片组、BIOS、内存储器概述，I/O总线和I/O接口。（了解）(2)BIOS组成及运行过程，内存储器RAM和ROM各种类型。（理解）

(3)当前流行的SDRAM、DDRSDRAM、RDRAM各项参数，数据传输率计算，内存条封装形式。（理解）(4)I/O总线，I/O操作方式，常用的几类I/O设备接口，I/O总线带宽计算。（理解）3．常用输入设备

(1)键盘，鼠标，笔输入设备，扫描仪，数码相机概述。（了解）

(2)键盘，鼠标的分类，工作原理，基本操作，采用的接口类型。（了解）4．常用输出设备

(1)常用输出设备的工作原理，主要分类，特点。（了解）

(2)常用输出设备的主要性能参数，采用的接口类型。（理解）5．外存储器

(1)常用几类外存储器的工作原理，组成，分类情况，接口类型。（了解）(2)存储器存储结构，各项性能参数设置，数据分布，容量计算。（理解）

（三）计算机软件 1．软件基本概念

(1)软件的定义。（熟悉）(2)软件的分类。（掌握）2．操作系统(1)操作系统的概念、作用。（掌握）(2)操作系统的类型、特征。（熟悉）(3)操作系统的功能。（掌握）(4)常用操作系统介绍。（了解）3．程序设计语言和处理系统

(1)程序设计语言的分类。（掌握）

(2)程序设计语言的数据成分和控制成分。（掌握）(3)程序设计语言处理系统。（熟悉）(4)主要程序设计语言介绍。（了解）4．算法和数据结构

(1)算法的概念、性质、评价。（掌握）(2)数据结构的概念。（熟悉）

(3)软件工程的概念、生命周期。（熟悉）

（四）计算机网络与因特网 1．计算机网络基础

(1)计算机网络的定义，网络的组成，分类。（掌握）

(2)网络服务分类，网络软件，网络操作系统，网络应用软件。（了解）2．计算机局域网

(1)局域网的特点、组成、分类，以及常用局域网。（掌握）(2)局域网的扩展，中继器，网桥。（了解）3．计算机广域网

(1)广域网的基础知识，广域网接入技术。（了解）(2)分组交换与路由。（掌握）(3)常用广域网。（了解）4．因特网及应用

(1)我国因特网发展，网络互联与TCP/IP协议。（了解）(2)IP地址，IP数据报，域名。（掌握）(3)路由器。（了解）

(4)因特网提供的服务。（掌握）5．网络信息安全

(1)网络信息安全概述，信息安全内容，信息安全级别划分。（了解）(2)数据加密，数字签名，身份鉴别与访问控制。（了解）(3)包过滤与防火墙，计算机病毒。（了解）

（五）数字媒体及应用 1．文本与文本处理

(1)文本，文本处理，文本输入方法。（了解）(2)文本的表示与字符编码。（掌握）

(3)文本的保存与文本文件的类型。（了解）

(4)文本的编辑处理，检索与文本的展现。（了解）2．图像与图形及应用

(1)色彩产生，色彩的表达方法，色彩空间。（了解）(2)数字图像的获取与重现。（了解）(3)模拟图像的数字化过程。（掌握）

(4)数字图像的表示，压缩编码，数字图像的性能指标。（掌握）(5)常用图像文件格式，数字图像处理及应用，常用软件。（了解）(6)计算机合成图像，合成过程，优点，常见的绘图软件。（了解）3．波形声音的获取与播放

(1)模拟声音信号的数字化。（掌握）

(2)波形声音的获取设备，波形声音的表示，压缩编码和编辑。（了解）(3)计算机合成声音的制作与播放。（了解）4．数字视频及应用(1)视频信号的组成，原理，彩色电视的三种制式。（了解）(2)数字视频的获取，播放，视频信号的数字化。（掌握）(3)数字视频的压缩编码，编辑和应用。（了解）(4)计算机合成数字视频。（了解）(5)流媒体。（了解）

（六）信息系统与数据库 1．计算机信息系统

(1)计算机信息系统的含义及特点。（掌握）(2)计算机信息系统的类型。（熟悉）(3)计算机信息系统的结构。（了解）

(4)计算机信息系统的发展趋势。（了解）2．典型信息系统介绍

(1)制造业信息系统。（熟悉）(2)电子商务。（熟悉）(3)电子政务。（了解）

(4)地理信息系统和数字地球。（了解）(5)远程教育。（了解）(6)远程医疗。（了解）(7)数字图书馆。（了解）3．关系数据库系统

(1)数据库系统的组成和特点。（掌握）(2)数据模型的基本概念及类型。（熟悉）(3)关系数据模型。（掌握）(4)关系运算。（掌握）

(5)关系数据库语言SQL。（掌握）

(6)数据库系统及应用新技术。（了解）4．信息系统开发与管理

(1)软件工程与信息系统开发概述。（熟悉）(2)系统规划与分析。（了解）(3)系统设计。（了解）

(4)系统实施与运行维护。（了解）

（七）windows 1．键盘与鼠标

(1)键盘的使用，常用功能键、快捷键。（了解）(2)鼠标的使用，鼠标形状及含义。（熟悉）2．Windows基本概念

(1)启动、关闭系统。（了解）

(2)桌面元素介绍，任务栏，桌面图标，快捷方式。（掌握）(3)窗口和菜单操作。（掌握）3．文件和文件夹

(1)基本概念。（了解）

(2)命名规则和通配符。（掌握）(3)文件和文件夹操作。（熟悉）4．Windows应用工具

(1)我的电脑和资源管理器。（掌握）(2)回收站和剪贴板。（掌握）

(3)控制面板和键盘、鼠标、显示器的设置。（了解）(4)常用系统工具。（了解）

（八）word 1．Word的运行及其工作窗口

(1)运行及退出Word的方法。（熟悉）(2)Word窗口基本组件，菜单栏，工具栏，标尺，状态栏。（了解）(3)工具栏设置，常用的两类工具栏。（掌握）(4)主要菜单栏介绍。（熟悉）

(5)几类视图的特性及切换。（掌握）(6)多窗口和多文档编辑。（熟悉）2．建立、保存文档的基本操作(1)建立文档。（掌握）

(2)建立特殊文档。（了解）

(3)保存文档，第一次保存操作，以后保存操作。（掌握）(4)自动保存设置。（熟悉）

(5)保护文档免受未经授权的更改。（掌握）3．编辑文本（掌握）(1)文本的输入。

(2)自动图文集的输入。(3)审阅文本。

(4)拼写和语法检查。

(5)选定文本，选定单个、一行、一段、整篇。(6)插入和改写，查找和替换。

(7)删除文本，移动文本，复制文本，校对文本。(8)撤消操作／重复操作。4．简单排版（掌握）

(1)字体设置，字体颜色设置，字符间距和字符缩放，字符位置设置。

(2)段落对齐方式设置，首行缩进，悬挂缩进，行间距，段前／段后间距。(3)项目符号和编号，首字下沉，边框和底纹。(4)分栏设置，分隔符设置。(5)节格式设置，页面格式。(6)纸型设置，版式设置。(7)样式设置。(8)格式刷使用。

5．表格处理（熟悉）(1)建立表格。

(2)编辑表格，表格合并，拆分。

(3)表格边框设置，底纹设置，颜色设置。(4)单元格格式的设置。(5)表格公式对象使用。6．高级排版（掌握）(1)绘制图形，文本框。

(2)艺术字，图表，剪贴画，图片等在文档中的使用、设置。(3)文件插入，域。

(4)Word文档打印设置。

（九）Excel 1．Excel基本操作

(1)Excel的基本功能。（了解）(2)启动及退出Excel。（熟悉）

(3)Excel窗口,常用工具栏,主要菜单栏,状态栏,网格线的显隐,颜色设置。(4)工作簿文件，新建、打开、保存工作簿。（掌握）(5)工作簿的关闭、保护。（熟悉）2．工作表的基本操作

(1)工作表特性：几行，几列，最大行数，最大列名。（熟悉）(2)工作表的选定、插入、删除、移动和复制。（掌握）(3)工作表的重命名。（掌握）

（熟悉）(4)工作表的保护。（熟悉）(5)工作表的打印。（熟悉）3．单元格的基本操作

(1)Excel中主要的几种数据类型。（熟悉）

(2)单元格数据（字符、数值、日期时间、逻辑值）的输入。（掌握）(3)相对引用，绝对引用概念，含义及状态切换。（掌握）(4)单元格中公式的使用，常用的几种运算符。（掌握）(5)单元格中插入函数，常见的几类函数的使用。（掌握）(6)单元格的插入、选定、删除。（掌握）

(7)移动单元格，填充单元格（单元格中包含公式及不包含公式）。（掌握）(8)选择性粘贴。（掌握）

(9)修改／清除单元格中文字。（掌握）(10)查找／替换单元格中的文字。（掌握）(11)合并／拆分单元格。（掌握）

(12)数据输入的几种方式，引用另外的单元格实现输入，使用Word文件输入Excel中，文本文件，数据库文件。（熟悉）(13)常见错误信息含义。（熟悉）4．格式化工作表

(1)编辑行／列。（熟悉）

(2)设置字体、字型、字号和颜色。（掌握）

(3)设置对齐方式，单元格边框、底纹。（熟悉）(4)自动套用格式。（熟悉）5．数据分析

(1)数据清单。（了解）(2)数据排序。（掌握）(3)分类汇总。（掌握）(4)数据筛选。（掌握）(5)数据透视表。（熟悉）(6)图表。（掌握）

（十）PowerPoint 1．PowerPoint的运行、查看、新建、打开、保存及关闭。（熟悉）(1)PowerPoint的启动与退出。(2)PowerPoint窗口及其视图。(3)新建演示文稿。

(4)打开已有的演示文稿。(5)保存演示文稿。

2．幻灯片的编辑操作。（掌握）

(1)幻灯片的选择、插入、删除、复制、移动和编辑。

(2)幻灯片中对象（文本框、图片、剪贴画、动作按钮、艺术字）的编辑操作。(3)对象动作设置，超级链接。3．设置幻灯片外观。（掌握）(1)幻灯片母版设置。(2)幻灯片版式设置。(3)配色方案定义。(4)幻灯片背景设置。

(5)幻灯片页眉／页脚设置。(6)选择应用设计模板。

4．演示文稿的放映。（掌握）

(1)演示操作，定位幻灯片，改变鼠标形状，幻灯片播放方式。(2)设置幻灯片的放映方式。(3)幻灯片间切换效果制作。(4)幻灯片内动画设置。

5．演示文稿的打印。（了解）

6．演示文稿的打包与发布。（了解）(1)演示文稿的打包。(2)演示文稿的发布。