生物学专业英语词汇(字母U-Z)

第一篇：生物学专业英语词汇(字母U-Z)

ubiquinone 辅酶 q ubiquist 普遍种 udder 乳房 ulcer 溃疡 ulna 尺骨

ultimate consumer 末级消费者 ultimobranchial body 后鳃体 ultra thin section 超薄切片

ultra violet radiation 紫外线放射 ultracentrifugation 超速离心法 ultracentrifuge 超速离心机 ultrafilter 超滤器 ultrafiltration 超滤

ultramicroscope 超显微镜

ultramicroscopic organism 超显微生物ultramicrotome 超薄切片机 ultraplankton 超微型浮游生物 ultrasonic sound 超声波 ultrasonication 超声波处理 ultrasonics 超声波 ultrastability 超稳定性 ultrastructure 超微细结构

ultraviolet absorption 紫外线吸收 ultraviolet lamp 紫外灯 ultraviolet light 紫外线

ultraviolet microscope 紫外光显微镜 ultravirus 过滤性病毒 umbel 伞形花序 umbellule 小伞花序 umbilical cord 脐带 umbilical vein 脐静脉 umbilical vesicle 脐囊 umbilicus 脐 umbo 壳顶 umbrella 伞膜 unbalance 不平衡

unbalanced growth 不平衡生长

unbalanced polyploidy 不平衡多倍性 uncinate hair 钩毛

unconditioned reflex 无条件反射 unconditioned response 无条件反应 unconditioned stimulus 无条件剌激 unconscious selection 无意识淘汰 uncoupling 解偶联

uncoupling agent 解偶联剂 under story 下木

underdevelopment 发育不全 undergland shoot 地下枝条 underground part 地下部分 underground water 地下水 undergrowth 下木

undernourishment 营养不良 undershrub 小灌木 underwood 下木

undifferentiation 未分化 undulate colony 波形菌落 undulating membrane 波动膜 undulating movement 波形运动 undulation 波动

unequal bivalent 不等二价染色体 uneven aged forest 异龄林 unfertilized egg 未受精卵 unfolding 伸展 ungulates 有蹄类 unhulled rice 稻谷 unicellular 单胞的

unicellular culture 单细胞培养 unicellular organism 单细胞生物 unifacial leaf 单面叶 unifaciality 单面性

uniform distribution 等分布

uniform variety cropping 单一品种栽培 uniformitarianism 齐一说 uniformity 均匀性

unilateral atrophy 单侧面萎缩 unilateral inheritance 单侧遗传 unilinear inheritance 单线遗传 unilocular 一室的

unilocular sporangium 单室囊 uninuclear 单核的

uniovular twins 单卵双生 unipetalous 单瓣的

unique sequence 单一序列 unisexual flower 单性花 unisexuality 单性

unistratal community 单层群落 unit 单位

unit character 单位性状

unit membrane 单位膜 unit of enzyme 酶单位

unit of vegetation 植被单位 univalent 一价染色体

univalent chromosome 一价染色体 universal buffer 万能缓冲液 universal code 普遍密码 universal veil 外菌膜 universality 通用性

universality of the genetic code 遗传密码的普遍性

universe 宇宙 unripe 末热的

unsaturated fatty acid 不饱和脂肪酸 upland 山地

upland meadow 山地单旬 upper arm 上臂 upper eyelid 上睑

upper jaw bone 上颌骨 upper layer 上层 upper leaf 高出叶 upper lip 上唇

upper stratum 上层 uptake 摄取 uracil 尿嘧啶 urea 脲

urea bacterium 尿素细菌 urea cycle 鸟氨酸循环 urea herbicide 尿素除草剂 urease 尿素酶

urediniospore 夏孢子 uredospore 夏孢子 ureide 酰脲

ureogenesis 尿素生成

ureosmotic animal 尿素渗透性动物 ureter 输尿管 urethra 泌尿管

urethral gland 尿道腺 urethroscope 尿道镜 uric acid 尿酸 uricase 尿酸酶

uricogenesis 尿酸生成 uridine 尿苷

uridine diphosphate 尿苷二磷酸

uridine monophosphate 尿苷酸 uridylic acid 尿苷酸 urinalysis 尿分析 urinary bladder 膀胱 urinary calculus 尿石 urinary organ 泌尿瀑 urinary tract 泌尿管 urination 撒尿 urine 尿

uriniferous tubule 肾细管 urinometer 尿比重计 urne 孢蒴

urobilin 尿胆素

urobilinogen 尿胆素原 urocanic acid 尿刊酸 urochord 尾索

urochordates 被囊类 urochrome 尿色素

urochromogen 尿色素原 uroerythrin 尿红质

urogenital membrane 尿殖膜 urogenital region 尿殖区 urokinase 尿激酶 urolith 尿石

uronic acid 糖醛酸 uropod 尾足

uropoiesis 尿分泌

uropoietic organ 泌尿瀑 uropygial gland 尾脂腺 use and disuse 用不用 use of resistance 抗性利用 useful animal 益兽 useful insect 益虫 useful plant 有用植物 usnic acid 松萝酸

uterine endometrium 子宫内膜 uterine fundus 子管底

uterine hemorrhage 子宫出血 uterine tube 输卵管

uterotubal implantation 子宫输卵管移植 uterus 子宫 utilization 利用

utilization of waste material 废物利用 utilization rate 利用率 utricle 胞果;小囊 utriform 囊状的 uv light 紫外线

uv reactivation 紫外线再活化 uvea 葡萄膜 uvula 悬雍垂

v shaped chromosome v形染色体 vaccination 疫苗注射 vaccine 菌苗

vaccinia virus 牛痘病毒

vaccinoprophylaxis 疫苗预防接种 vacuolar system 液胞系 vacuole 液胞

vacuole membrane 液泡膜 vacuole skin 液泡膜 vacuolization 液泡化 vacuome 空胞系 vacuum 真空

vacuum drying 真空干燥 vacuum reaction 真空反应 vagina 阴道

vaginal vestibule 阴道前庭 vagotonin 迷走紧张素 vagus nerve 迷走神经

vagus substance 迷走神经物质 valence 价 valency 价 valine 缬氨酸 valley 谷 value 值

value number 指标 value of variety 品种值 valve 瓣膜

valve of the heart 心瓣

van der waals forces 范德瓦耳斯力vanadium 钒

vanadium chromogen 钒色素原 vanadocyte 钒细胞 vanilla 香子兰

vapor sterilization 蒸气灭菌 variability 变异性 variable 变量

variable region 可变区 variance 分散

variant 变异体 variation 变异

varicella virus 水痘病毒 variegation 彩斑

varietal change 品种变更

varietal susceptibility 品种感受性 varietal trial 变种试验 variety 变种

variety choice 品种选择 variety line breeding 顶交 variety test 变种试验 variola 天花

variola virus 天花病毒 varnish tree 漆树

vascular anastomosis 血管吻合 vascular bundle 维管束

vascular bundle sheath 维管束鞘 vascular plant 维管植物

vascular system 维管系;血管系统 vascular wall 维管壁 vascularization 血管形成 vaseline 矿脂

vasoconstriction 血管收缩 vasoconstrictor 血管收缩神经

vasoconstrictor nerve 血管收缩神经 vasodilatation 血管舒张 vasodilation 血管舒张 vasodilator 血管舒张神经

vasodilator nerve 血管舒张神经 vasography 血管造影术 vasomotor 血管舒缩神经

vasomotor nerve 血管舒缩神经 vasomotor reflex 血管舒缩反射 vasomotorium 血管舒缩神经系 vasopressin 抗利尿素 vector 病媒动物

vector insect 病原媒介昆虫 vectorial enzyme 矢酶 vegetable 蔬菜

vegetable acid 植物性酸 vegetable alkaloid 植物碱

vegetable colourings 植物性染料 vegetable dyes 植物性染料 vegetable fiber 植物纤维

vegetable garden 菜园 vegetable glue 植物性胶 vegetable wax 植物蜡 vegetal pole 植物极 vegetalization 植物极化 vegetation 植被

vegetation chorology 群落分布学 vegetation cone 生长圆锥

vegetation dynamics 植被带动力学 vegetation form 植被型

vegetation geography 植被地理学 vegetation girdle 植被带 vegetation map 植被图 vegetation unit 植被单位 vegetation zone 植物带

vegetational analysis 植被分析

vegetational continuum 植被连续性 vegetative cell 营养细胞 vegetative cone 生长圆锥 vegetative dna 营养期 dna vegetative function 植物机能

vegetative hybridization 营养体杂交 vegetative nervous system 自竹经系统 vegetative nucleus 营养核 vegetative organ 营养瀑 vegetative period 生长期

vegetative phage 营养期噬菌体 vegetative phase 营养期 vegetative point 生长点 vegetative pole 植物极

vegetative propagation 营养性繁殖 vegetative rest 生长休止

vegetative shoot apex 营养菌端 vegetative shoot tip 营养菌端 vegitabilia 植物界 vehicle 病媒动物 veil 菌幕

vein 翅脉;静脉 veine yard 葡萄园 veinlet 细脉 velamen 根被

velar organ 缘瓣瀑 velar statocyst 缘膜胞 velarium 假缘膜

veld 草原

veliger 面盘幼体

veliger larva 面盘幼体 velocity 速度

velocity of wind 风速 velum 缘膜 venation 脉系

venereal disease 性病 veniplex 静脉丛 venom gland 毒腺

venomous animal 有毒动物 venomous spine 毒刺 venous blood 静脉血 venous duct 静脉管 venous plexus 静脉丛 venous sinus 静脉窦 venous valvula 静脉辨模 venter 腹

ventilating tissue 海绵性组织 ventilation 换气 ventral 腹的 ventral fin 腹

ventral nerve chain 腹神经节链 ventral root 运动根 ventral shield 腹板 ventral sucker 腹吸盘 ventral tube 腹管 ventricle 心室 ventricose 溶胀的 ventricous 溶胀的

ventricular gradient 心室梯度 ventricular systole 心室收缩 ventrolateral edge 腹缘

verdoperoxidase 绿过氧化物酶 verification 证明验证 vermes 蠕虫

vermicide 蠕虫药 vermicular 蠕虫状的 vermiculate 蠕虫状的 vermiculation 蠕动 vermicule 动合子 vermiform 蠕虫状的 vermiform appendix 阑尾 vermiform process 阑尾 vernalization 春化酌

vernalization stage 春化阶段 vernation 幼叶卷叠式 veronal 佛罗那 verruca 疣状突起 versatility 多能性 vertebra 椎骨

vertebral arch 椎弓 vertebral column 脊柱 vertebral foramen 椎孔 vertebrates 脊椎动物 vertex 头顶

vertical distribution 垂直分布 vertical migration 垂直迁移 vertical tube 垂直管 verticil 轮生体

verticillaster 轮状聚伞花序 verticillation 轮生叶序 vesical calculus 膀胱石 vesical stone 膀胱石 vesicle 泡囊

vesicular transport 小胞输送 vessel 导管

vestibular gland 前庭腺 vestibule 前庭 vestibulum 前庭 vestige 痕迹瀑

vestigial character 痕迹性状 vestigial organ 痕迹瀑 vetch 野豌豆

veterinary inspection 兽医学检验veterinary medicine 兽医学 vexillum 旗瓣 viability 生活力

viability of seeds 种子生活力 viable 有生活力的 vibraculum 振鞭体 vibration 振动

vibrational spectrum 振动光谱 vibrio 弧菌 vicariad 代替种 vicariant 代替种

vicarious species 代替种 vicarism 替代性

vicinism 偶发杂交 vicinist 自然杂种 vignin 豇豇豆球朊 villus 绒毛

vincristine 长春新碱 vinculum 系带 vine 蔓

vinegar fly 果蝇 viper 蝮蛇

viral genetics 病毒遗传学 viral genome 病毒基因组 viral interference 病毒干涉

viral multiplication cycle 病毒增殖环viral protein 病毒蛋白 virescence 变绿色 virgin forest 原生林

virgin generation 无精生殖 virgin land 处女地 virilism 男性化 virion 病毒粒子 virogene 病毒基因 viroid 类病毒 virology 病毒学 viroplast 病毒质体 virosis 病毒病 virulence 毒性 virulency 毒性

virulent mutant 毒性突变体 virulent phage 毒性噬菌体 virus 病毒

virus culture 病毒培养 virus disease 病毒病 virus particle 病毒粒子 virus replication 病毒复制 virus strain 病毒株 virus vector 病毒载体 viscera 脏

visceral arch 脏弓

visceral inversion 脏倒位 visceral mesoderm 脏壁层 visceral pericardium 心外膜 visceral sac 脏囊

visceral sense 内脏感觉 viscerocranium 脏颅

visceroskeleton 脏骨 viscoelasticity 粘弹性 viscometer 粘度计 viscose 黏胶

viscosimeter 粘度计 viscosity 粘性 visibility 视距

visibility curve 能见度曲线 visible mutation 可见突变 visible ray 可见光线

visible spectrum 可见光谱 vision 视觉

visual acuity 视力 visual angle 视角 visual cell 视觉细胞 visual cycle 视觉循环 visual field 视野 visual organ 视觉器

visual pigment 视觉色素 visual purple 视紫红 visual rod 视杆 visual sense 视觉 vital capacity 肺活量 vital force 生命力

vital microscopy 生体组织检镜 vital power 生命力 vital reaction 活体反应 vital staining 活体染色 vitalism 生机论

vitalistic theory 生机论 vitality 活力 vitamin 维生素 vitamin a 维生素a vitamin antagonist 维生素对抗体 vitamin b complex 复合维生素 b vitamin b1 维生素b1 vitamin b12 维生素b12 vitamin b2 硫胺素 vitamin b23 钴胺素 vitamin b3 核黄素 vitamin b7 核黄素 vitamin c 抗坏血酸

vitamin contents 维生素含量 vitamin deficiency 维生素缺乏

vitamin e 抗不育维生素 vitamin h 生物素 vitamin k 叶绿醌

vitamin needs 维生素需要

vitamin requirements 维生素需要 vitamine d3 骨化醇 vitaminology 维生素学 vitellarium 卵黄腺 vitellin 卵黄磷蛋白 vitelline area 卵黄区 vitelline duct 卵黄管 vitelline gland 卵黄腺

vitelline membrane 卵黄膜 vitelline vein 卵黄静脉 vitellogenesis 卵黄形成 vitellus 卵黄

vitreous body 玻璃状体 vitreous humor 玻璃体液 vitreum 玻璃状体 viviparity 胎生

viviparous animal 胎生动物 viviparous plant 胎生植物 viviparous seeds 胎生种子 vivisection 活体解剖 vivotoxin 体内毒素 vocal band 声带 vocal cord 声带 vocal sac 声囊 vocalization 发声 voice 声音

volatile fatty acids 挥发脂肪酸 volatile matter 挥发物 volatile oil 香精油 volatility 挥发性 volatilization 挥发 volcanic rock 火成岩 volcanical ash 火山灰 volcano 火山

voltage sensor 电位感受器 voltinism 化性

volubilate plants 缠绕植物 volume 体积

volumetry 容积测定法

voluntary movement 随意运动 voluntary muscle 横纹肌

voluntary nervous system 随意神经系 volunteer cereals 自生谷类植物 volutin 异染质 volva 菌托 vomer 犁骨

vomero nasal organ 犁鼻器 vomiting 呕吐

vomiting center 呕吐中枢 voriability 连续变异 vortex stirrer 涡亮拌机 vulva 阴门

walking leg 步足 wall 壁

wall pressure 壁压 walnut 胡桃

wandering bird 漂鸟 wandering cell 游走细胞 wandering dune 移动沙丘 wandering nucleus 游走核

warburg's manometer 瓦氏呼吸器 warm blooded animal 恒温动物 warm spot 温点

warm temperate zone 暖温带 warming 加温

warning call 警报信号

warning colouration 警戒色 warning signal 警报信号 wart 疣状突起

washing agent 去垢剂 wastage 损耗 waste 废物

waste disposal 废物处理 waste of energy 能量耗散 waste water 污水 wasteland 荒地 water 水

water absorption 吸水 water balance 水分平衡 water birds 水禽

water conservation 水保护 water culture 溶液培养 water dispersal 水媒传布 water erosion 水蚀酌

water fowl 水鸟 water gauge 水位计

water holding capacity 持水量 water hyacinth 风眼蓝 water level 水面 water lung 水肺

water microorganisms 水生微生物 water moulds 水生真菌类 water parting 分水线

water permeability coefficient 水渗透系数water pollination 水媒 water pollution 水污染 water pore 水孔 water potential 水势

water resources 水生资源 water storage tissue 储水组织 water stress 水应变 water tissue 储水组织

water vascular system 水管系 waterfall 瀑布 waterglass 水玻璃 watering 灌溉 watermelon 蜗

waterplant 水生植物 watershed 分水线 waterway 运河

watson crick model 华生 克里克模型 wattle 垂肉 wave 波

waved 波状的 wavy 波状的 wax 蜡

wax gland 蜡腺

wax producing 产蜡的 waxgourd 冬瓜 way 途径

weak acid 弱酸 weak base 弱碱

weak electrolyte 弱电解质 weak interaction 弱互酌 wealth of species 种丰度 weaning 断乳

weanling 离乳动物 weasel 鼠

weather 天气

weather chart 天气图 weather map 天气图 weather report 天气预报 weather station 气象台 weathering 风化 web 蹼

weber's law 韦伯氏定律 weed 杂草

weed community 杂草群落 weed control 除草

weed covering 杂草覆盖 weed infestation 杂草侵扰 weed suppression 杂草抑制 weedkiller 除莠剂 weight 重量

weight percent 重量百分率 weighted average 重量平均 weismannism 魏司曼学说 welsh onion 葱 wet weight 湿重 wettability 可湿性 wetter 湿润剂 wetting 湿润

wetting agent 湿润剂 whale 鲸

whale bone 鲸须 wheat 小麦

wheat germ 小麦胚芽

wheat germ agglutinin 小麦胚芽凝集素 whey 乳清

whey medium 乳清培养基 whipworm 鞭虫 white ants 白蚁类

white blood cell 白细胞 white flowered 白花的 white frost 白霜 white matter 白质 white muscle 白色肌

who 世界卫生与健康组织 whole arm transfer 完全臂移位

whole arm transposition 完全臂移位 whole food 天然食品 whole milk 完全乳

whorl 轮生体

wild ancestor 野生原种 wild animal 野生动物 wild boar 野猪 wild flower 野花

wild flower meadow 野花草地 wild growing plant 野生植物 wild hog 野猪 wild pig 野猪

wild plant 野生植物 wild strain 野生株 wild type 野生型

wild type gene 野生型基因 wild yeast 野生酵母 willow 柳 wilt 萎蔫 wilting 萎蔫

wilting coefficient 枯萎系数 wilting point 萎蔫点 wind 风

wind break 防风林 wind damage 风害 wind dispersal 风播 wind egg 不完全卵 wind erosion 风蚀 wind gauge 风力计 wind pollinated 风媒的 wind pollination 风媒 winding 绕 windpipe 气管 wing 翼

wing coupling apparatus 联翅器 wing covert 廓羽 wing muscle 翼肌 wing mutation 翅突变 wing quill 飞羽 wing tap 翼羽标牌 wing venation 翅脉序 winged 有翼的 winged fruit 翅果 wingless 无翅的 winkled frog 皱皮蛙 winter 冬

winter annual plant 冬性一年生植物 winter bird 冬鸟 winter bud 冬芽

winter cultures 秋播罪 winter dormancy 冬眠 winter egg 休眠卵

winter hardiness 耐寒性 winter sleep 冬眠 winter spore 冬胞子 winter visitor 冬鸟 wintering 越冬 winterkilling 冻死 withering 萎蔫 wolf 狼

wolffian body 沃耳夫氏体 wolffian duct 中肾管 womb 子宫 wood 木材

wood chemistry 木材化学

wood destroying fungi 木腐菌类 wood fiber 木纤维 wood meadow 稀瘦原

wood parenchyma 木薄壁组织 wood preservative 木材防腐剂 wood protection 森林保护 wood rotting fungi 木腐菌类 wood sugar 木糖 wood tar 木焦油

woodland area 林业区域 woodpecker 啄木鸟 woody perennials 枢 woody plants 枢

woody texture 木材纹理 worker 职蚁 worker ant 职蚁

working curve 校准曲线

working population 劳动人口

world food programme 世界粮食计划

world health organization 世界卫生与健康组织

worm shaped 蠕虫状的 wormer 驱虫剂 wormlike 蠕虫状的 worms 蠕虫 wormwood 艾草

wort 麦芽汁

wound hormone 伤激素 wound substance 创伤物质 wren 鹪鹩

wright effect 赖特氏效应 wrinkled 缩成皱纹的 wrist 腕

wrist bone 腕骨

x ray crystallography x 射线晶体分析法 x ray microscope x 射线显微镜 x rays 伦琴射线 xantheine 花黄素 xanthine 黄尿圜黄质

xanthine oxidase 黄嘌呤氧化酶 xanthophore 黄色素细胞 xanthophyll 叶黄素

xanthoprotein reaction 黄色蛋白反应 xanthotoxin 黄原毒 xanthurenic acid 黄尿酸 xenia 种子直感

xenobiology 外层空间生物学 xenogamy 异株受精 xenogenesis 异种移植 xenograft 异种移植片

xenoplastic induction 异种诱导

xenoplastic transplantation 异种移植 xenotropic virus 异向性病毒 xerarch 在干旱地发展的 xeric animal 旱生动物 xerocole 旱生动物

xeromorphism 旱生形态 xeromorphy 旱生形态

xerophilous plant 旱生植物 xerophyte 旱生植物 xerosere 旱生演替系列 xeroserie 旱生演替系列 xerotherm 干热植物

xerothermic plant 干热植物 xylan 木聚糖

xylanase 木聚糖酶 xylem 木质部

xylem fiber 木纤维

xylem parenchyma 木薄壁组织 xylose 木糖 xylotomy 木材解剖学 xylulose 木酮糖 year 年

yearly fluctuation 年变化 yeast 酵母

yeast autolysate 酵母自溶产物 yeast extract 酵母膏

yeast nucleic acid 酵母核酸 yellow body 黄体

yellow crescent 黄新月区 yellow enzyme 黄酶 yellow macular 黄斑 yellow ripeness 黄熟 yellow spot 黄斑 yellows 萎黄病 yield 产量

yield coefficient 收率

yield per unit 单位面积产量 yolk 卵黄

yolk duct 卵黄管 yolk gland 卵黄腺 yolk granule 卵黄粒 yolk nucleus 卵黄核 yolk plug 卵黄栓 yolk stalk 卵黄蒂 young growth 后生 young stage 幼年期 young stand 幼林 z line z 线

z scheme 锯齿形图解 zein 玉米醇蛋白 zeolite 沸石

zero order reaction 零级反应 zero point mutation 零点突变 zigzag scheme 锯齿形图解 zinc 锌

zoea 水蚤幼虫

zoidiophilous flower 动物媒花 zona pellucida 透螟 zona radiata 放射带

zonal centrifugation 区带离心分离zonal soil 成带土

zonal vegetation 显域植被 zonality 地层

zonation 成带现象 zone 带

zone electrophoresis 区带电泳 zone of vegetation 植被带 zoobenthos 底栖动物 zoobiology 动物生物学 zoocenosis 动物群落 zoochlorella 虫绿藻

zoochores 动物传布植物 zoochory 动物散布

zooclimatology 动物气候学 zoocytology 动物细胞学 zoodynamics 动物动力学 zooecium 虫室

zooecology 动物生态学 zooeconomics 动物经济学 zoogamete 游动配子 zoogenetics 动物遗传学 zoogeny 动物发生学

zoogeographic region 动物地理分布区zoogeography 动物地理学 zooglea 菌胶团 zooid 个虫

zoolite 动物化石 zoolith 动物化石

zoological garden 动物园 zoological park 动物园

zoological taxonomy 动物分类学 zoology 动物学

zoomagnetism 动物磁性 zoomorphology 动物形态学 zoomorphosis 动物诱起变态 zoonosis 动物病

zooparasite 动物寄生虫 zoopathology 动物病理学 zoophage 食肉动物

zoophagous animal 食肉动物 zoophagy 食肉性

zoophilous plant 动物媒植物 zoophysiology 动物生理学 zoophyte 植虫类 zoophytes 植虫类

zoophytology 植虫类学 zooplankton 浮游动物

zoopsychology 动物心理学 zoosporangium 游动孢子囊 zoospore 游动孢子

zoostatistics 动物统计学 zoosterol 动物甾醇

zoostratigraphy 动物地层学 zootomy 动物解剖 zootoxin 动物毒素 zooxanthella 虫黄藻 zwischenferment 间酶 zygapophysis 关节突 zygogamy 接合生殖 zygoma 颧弓

zygomatic arch 颧弓 zygomatic bone 颧骨 zygomorphic 两侧对称的

zygomorphic flower 左右对称花 zygomorphous 两侧对称的 zygomycetes 接合菌类 zygomycota 接合菌类 zygonema 接合丝

zygonema stage 偶线期 zygophore 接合子梗 zygosis 接合

zygosome 接合染色体 zygosperm 接合孢子 zygospore 接合孢子 zygote 接合子

zygote nucleus 接合子核 zygotene stage 偶线期

zygotic induction 接合子诱导 zygotic lethality 合子致死 zygotic sterility 二倍体不育 zygotonucleus 合子核 zymase 酿酶 zymogen 酶原

zymogenic granules 酶原粒 zymohexase 醛缩酶

第二篇：专业英语词汇

deformation without fracture.undamped vibration非阻尼第四单元

一个类似的问题也适用于振动 Membrane Stresses薄膜应

degree of freedom自由度另一个甚至更难捉摸的材力Shells of Revolution

回转壳体Curve曲线Axis轴线

Process vessels过程容器Cylinder cylindrical 圆柱,圆

柱的Cone conical圆锥 ,圆锥的Hemispherical sphere半球形的,球形Ellipsoidal椭圆形的Torispherical准球形的（碟形的）

Bending stresses弯曲应力Shear stresses剪切应力Internal pressure内压

Arising from…由什么引起Be subjected to…承受……..Symmetric对称的Circumference周向的Meridional stress经向应力Circumferential stress周向

应力

Tangential stress切向应力

Radius of curvature曲率半

径Normal component

法向分量

Diameter直径An angle

α to the axis与轴夹角α

段落： 22页2，3段

第五单元

mechanical vibration机械振

动periodically repeated motion交替重复的运动wear磨损 bear轴承fatigue疲劳precision instrument精密仪

表propeller螺旋桨

threshing machine脱粒机spring弹簧shaft轴

beam梁cantilever beam

悬臂梁

cycle循环frequency频

率amplitude振幅displacement位移elastic

force弹性力

free vibration自由振动natural frequency自然频率forced vibration受迫振动 exciting force激振力damped vibration阻尼振动coordinate坐标

重点段落：图1.20下面的第一

段:“Mechanical vibrations...for many purposes.” 第六单元 金属合金 metal alloy 结晶的crystalline晶格crystal-lattice原子atom离子ions 锻造金属wroung metal铸造金属cast metal导

热体conductor of heat 导电体conductor of

electricity塑性的plastic黑色金属ferrous metal铸铁cast iron

有色金属nonferrous metal碳钢carbon steel铜合金copper alloy钛trtanium

熔点melting point第七单元 原材料 the virgin/starting material韧性ductility脆性brittleness断裂fracture 硬化hardening导热性 thermal conduction润滑(n,v）lubrication ,lubricate The final strength of any material used in an

engineering component

depends on its mechanical

and physical properties after it has been subjected to one or

more different manufacturing processes.用

于工程构件的任何一种材

料的最终强度取决于这种材料在经历了一种或多种

不同加工过程之后的机械

与物理性质。

A similar argument applies to

a rather more elusive property of any material，namely，its ductility，which

is usually understood to mean the ability of a material

to accept large amounts of

料性质，即材料的韧性。它通常被理解为指的事材料承受大变形而不发生断裂的能力。第八单元 Manufacturing Engineering Processes制造工艺过程Mass-conserving processes质量守恒过程 Mass-reducing processes质量减少过程Forging锻造Rolling滚压/轧制

Powder compaction粉末轧制Ductile fracture塑性

破坏

Brittle fracture脆性

破坏 Melting融化Evaporation

蒸发Dissolution溶解Combustion燃烧Turning车削 Milling铣削Drilling钻Electric discharge放电加工Cutting切削

Friction welding摩擦焊Working temperature工作温

度lower die下模

Upper die上模

Forging machines锻压机

Drop hammers锻锤Hydraulic drives液压驱动

Hot rolling热轧 Hot forging热锻Ceramic

陶瓷Hot-treated热处理Production rates生产率 Sintering engineering烧结法Ingot毛坯第九单元 strip steel 带钢tool steel 工具钢magnifying glass放大镜microscope 显微镜 polish抛光grind研磨etch蚀刻photomicrograph 显微照相metallograph

金相照片space lattices 晶格

magnify放大allotropy同素异构的allotropic

change 同素异构转变油厂来说如果任何一项腐addlesupport安全系graphite 石墨第十单蚀控制措施出现问题的话，数factorsofsafety 元 都存在发生火灾的危险。许应压力theallowable化工厂 chemical plantPetroleum refineries have stresses人孔/手孔

腐蚀（n）corrode，（Adj）

corrosion，（V）corrodent

溶质 solute溶剂solvent

溶液solution化学蚀刻chemical milling消声器muffler 冷凝管condenser tube冷凝器，聚光镜condenser人力资源 human resources 阳极处理 / 阴极保护anodizing of aluminum / cathodic protection 污水，下水道系统 sewage停工,停止运转,关闭shutdown1.即使是在一个材料选择总是正确的，设备设计没有任何缺陷并且操作也没有任何错误的理想世界中，腐蚀仍将发生，只不过是以可以接受的腐蚀速率发生罢了。In a perfect world the right material would always be selected, equipment designs would have no flaws , no mistakes would be made in operation, and corrosion would still occur — but at

an acceptable rate.2.腐蚀防护的成本也包

括例如阴极保护的投资成本，其电力消耗和维修成本，化学缓蚀剂的成本以及

抗腐蚀材料的附加成本等。

Also included is the cost

of corrosion protection such as the capital costs of cathodic protection , its power and maintenance, the

costs of chemical inhibitors ,and the extra costs of corrosion —resistant materials.3.炼油厂在腐蚀控制方面具有良好声誉，这部分地是由于其产品的价值给了炼油厂以资金来进行腐蚀控制，部分的也是由于对炼the best reputation for corrosion control ,partly because the value of their product gives them the

money to do it correctly and

partly because the danger of

fire is always present if

anything goes wrong.第十三单元 传热原理Principles of heat transfer热传导 Heat conductionorthermal conduction热对流 heat convection orthermal convection 辐射thermal radiation 温度梯度temperature gradient宏观的macroscopic晗enthalpy 通量flux 摩擦力orced of friction湍流turbulent flow层流caminar flow浮力buoyancy forces 强制对流forced convection 自然对流natural convection 电磁波electromagnetic

waves

单原子的monatomic双原子的diatomic热通量heat flux未隔热的unlagged 截面cross section绝热的adiabatically流束fluid stream

第十六单元

压力容器pressurevessure 过程设备process equipment小碎片fraction 整体的，单层的monoblock 圆柱壳体cylindricalshell 半球形封头hemispherical heads

椭球形封头elliptical heads锥形封头conical heads法兰flange接

管nozzle

裙座skirtsupport鞍座

manway/handhold第十七单元 腐蚀抗力 corrosion resistance总体的完整性 the overall integrity射线探伤 radiography 应力去除 stress relieving分析设计 design-by-analysis许用应力 allowable stress 腐蚀和冲刷余量 the corrosion and erosion amounts毒性 lethal持续的 sustained瞬时的 transient钢号 designation安全系数 factors of safety失效模式 mode of failure蠕变 creep破裂rupture屈服点 yield point极限抗拉强度 the ultimate tensile strength The factors of safety are directly related to the theories and modes of failure, the specific design criteria of

each code, and the extend to

which various levels of

actual stresses are determined and evaluated.安全系数与失效理论和失效模式、各种规范下的特殊设计标准以及确定和评估各种水平实际应力的程度直接联系在一起。第十九单元 Heat exchangers 换热器shell-and-tube exchangers管壳式换热器Proprietary 专利的plate-and-frame exchangers

板框式换热器Fouling

factors 污垢指数compact（plate-in）exchangers 紧凑式（板翅式）换热器friction factors摩擦系数 Process designed 工艺设计

valve viscous fluid粘性流体Gas

滑阀turbine 蒸汽透平slidevalve活塞阀 piston valve旋塞阀 operatingpressures 操作

压力Cross flow 错流cock valve螺杆阀

screw-down valveoperating temperature 操作

楔形阀 wedge-gate valve温度

heat recovery 热量的回收平行闸板阀 parallel slide Food processing 食品工艺valve安全阀 safety

固有频率nature frequency

规范，标准code 滚压rolling H环境:adj.environmental；n.environment焓：enthalpy

motor vehicle 机动车

pharmaceutical processing制

药工艺Pressure drop压力

降heat transfer coefficients传热系数spiral heat exchangers 螺旋式换热器finned tube 翅片管process outlet 工艺出口log mean temperature对数平均温度air coolers空冷机Packing glands 填料压盖double-pipe exchangers套管式换热器 extended surface扩展表面 annulus环隙concerns企业dewax脱蜡scraper 刮刀countercurrent 逆流tube side 管层shell side 壳层第二十一课 泵：pumps气蚀：cativation真空：vacuum叶轮叶片：propeller blade 压缩机：compressors流体力学：fluid dynamics单极：single-stage 双极：multistage单作用：single acting双作用：double acting 容积泵： positive_displacement

离心泵：centrifugal pump

抽扬泵： lift pump螺旋

泵：screw pump喷射

泵：jet pumps

往复泵：reciprocating

pumps止回泵（单项

泵）：check valve

第二十四课

阀门 valve截止阀

check valve回转阀

rotory valve提升阀 lift

valve倒塌 collapse铸铁 cast

A 安装,装置 installation B 薄膜应力membrane stresses C 材料力学strength of materials 脆性的brittle 脆性，脆度 brittlness 车削turning 传导，导热：conduction 错流 crosscurrent 传导率，导热系数：conductivity 层流：laminar flow对称的，均匀的，平均的symmetric代入substitution 单自由度single degree of freedom D电磁的：electromagnetic电磁波：electromagnetic waves 锻造，锻件forging F 浮力，浮性；浮性的：buoyancy 浮力：buoyancy forces辐射：radiation

腐蚀：n.corrosion；

v.corrode；

腐蚀剂：corrodent

腐烂，枯朽：rot

粉末压制powder

compaction

附加应力excessive

stresses

法兰flange

G 估计：estimate

回转壳体shells of revolution

J搅拌器，搅拌装置：agitator

绝热地：adiabatically结晶，晶体crystal结晶的，透明的crystalline

静电的electrostatic精致的，可锻的wrought技术要求,说明书 specification

机理，机械作用，机构，机构学：mechanism

近似：n.approximate； adj.approximate；adv.approximately径向应力the meridional stress

机械振动mechanical vibrations

浇铸，铸件cast铸铁cast iron

K可锻铸铁wrought iron粒状的，颗粒的granular

颗粒grain

L流变学rheology

冷凝器，聚光镜：condenser

流变学的rheologic M密封垫片,衬垫 gasket磨料，研磨，磨损的abrasive

磨损，损耗，耐磨（性）wear

N逆流 countercurrent P判据,准则 criterion破裂，断裂 fracture

Q 气蚀 cavitation 屈服应力

权限,管辖权

jurisdiction

强制对流：forced convection

曲率半径radius of curvature

强迫振动forced vibration 裙座skirt

R 人力资源：human resources

韧性，延展性ductility 韧性的 ductile 蠕变应力 热处理internal structure

热对流，迁移：convection

热传导：thermal conduction

热对流：thermal convection 容器，槽，罐，船只vessel 人孔manway

S瞬态的,过度的 transient

手孔handhole

T 填料盖,密封套 gland 同素异构，同素异晶allotropy

同素异构体allotrope 挑战：challenge 湍对流：turbulent flow 通量：flux 梯度，斜面：gradient 椭圆封头elliptical heads W 位移displacement无阻尼振动undamped vibration完整性 integrity无经验的：inexperienced污染：v.contaminate；n.contamination X 系数coefficient效率：efficiency漩涡；涡流的，涡动的：eddy相互作用，相互影响interplay消音器：muffler悬臂梁cantilever bean铣削milling Y 研磨，抛光grind研磨，抛光，精加工

polish显微照相photomicrograph

圆柱（体形）的,（圆）筒形的cylindrical圆柱壳体cylindrical shell 弯曲，曲率curvature约束，束缚，强制constrain 压力容器pressure vessels Z 铸造 casting 钻孔drilling 自然对流：natural convection

组合,装配 assembly 制药的,药物的 pharmaceutical 周期period 振幅amplitude 周向应力the circumferential stress 振荡的，摆动的oscillatory 粘性的，粘滞的viscous 整体的，单层的monblock

第三篇：化学生物学专业

化学生物学专业

专业简介

学科：理学

门类：化学类

专业名称：化学生物学专业

是一门交叉性的前沿学科，是运用化学的理论、方法、手段乃至思路或研究策略，去了解、研究和解决生物学中的问题，并由此推进生命科学研究的发展；利用生物科学的原理、方法、技术以及新发现、新成果来解决化学中的一些难题，促进化学科学向更高层次发展，同时推动生物学和生物技术的前进。专业信息

培养目标：培养具备坚实的化学基础、生物学基础知识与科学研究基本技能的复合型人才。

主要课程：无机化学、分析化学、有机化学、物理化学、生物化学、生物无机化学、生物有机化学、分子生物学、细胞生物学、现代化学生物学讲座等。

专业就业状况

毕业生可通过推荐免试或考试形式攻读化学、生物等相关专业的硕士学位或硕博连读；在化学与生物学交叉领域的科研机构、高等学校、医药、食品、化工等技术开发企业及相关行政管理部门，从事与化学或生物学相关的教学与科研、应用与研究、技术与开发、经营与管理等工作。

院校分布(部分)

武汉大学。

第四篇：图书馆学专业英语词汇

library national

国家图书馆

library municipal

市图书馆 public library

大众图书馆 school library

学校图书馆

college library, university library, academic library

大学图书馆 children's library

儿童图书馆 acquisition department

采访部

exchange of books

图书交换

accessioning, accession of books

图书验收与登录 accession number

登录号 library stamp

图书馆馆章 book card

书卡 book pocket

书袋 date slip

期限表

cataloguing department

编目部 description

著录 classifying

分类 cataloguing

编目

re-cataloguing

目录改编 cataloguer

编目员 card

卡片

card catalogue

卡片目录 ledger catalogue

书本式目录 loose-leaf catalogue

活页目录 catalogue card

目录卡片 classified card

分类卡 author card

作者卡 title card

书名卡 subject card

主题卡 guide card

指引卡 punched card

穿孔卡

Chartered Institute of Library and Information Professionals(CILIP)图书馆与信息注册协会Information and Communications Technology(ICT)信息通信技术

Loughborough University 英国拉夫堡大学

Certified Power Builder Developer（CPD)认证考试

Continuing Professional Development（CPD）职业继续发展

Library and Information Science（LIS）图书馆学信息学

University of Wales, Aberystwyth 威尔士大学阿伯里斯特威斯分校

University of Maryland-College Park 马里兰大学学院园分校

Welcoming address 欢迎词

Convenor 召集人

University of California at Los Angeles（UCLA）加州大学洛杉机分校

North Yorkshire 北约克郡

Copyright and other Legal Matters(CLM)（IFLA）版权和其他法律事务

UNESCO 联合国教科文组织

Colima, Mexico 墨西哥，科利马州

Bertelsmann Stiftung 贝塔斯曼基金会

Grimm Brothers 格林兄弟

Oral session 口头论文报告

Poster discussion session 海报论文讨论

Poster session 海报论文

Industry Update 行业动态

federated search 分布式搜索，联邦搜索

Plenary Session 全体会议

Librarianship 图书馆管理业务,图书馆员的地位（职务）,图书馆

Laubach Literacy International 国际劳伯扫盲组织

Performance measurement 绩效评估

Interlibrary Loan（ILL）馆际互借

Document Delivery（DD）文献传递

Ljubljana 卢布尔雅那市(斯洛文尼亚首都）

ETH Bibliothek 苏黎世理工学院图书馆

Graduate School of Informatics, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK 英国，格拉斯哥，斯杰克莱大学，格拉斯哥息学院)Programs for International Student Assessment（PISA）

国际学生基础能力评估计划

Provenance 指一件藝術品所有者的完整紀錄。

ABGRA 阿根廷图书馆专业馆员协会

Koninklijke Bibliotheek, The Hague, Netherlands 荷兰，海牙，皇家图书馆

TextMining 文本挖掘

Lots Of Copies Keep Stuff Safe(LOCKSS)使用多份副本来保护文件项目

The European Library(TEL)欧洲图书馆

multilingual access to subject（MACS）

多语言存取主题

mentor 职业导师

print-handicapped 残疾人印刷品

（The Humanities Advanced Technology and Information Institute）HATII 人文高技术和信息研究所

Resource Preservation and Access Network（ERPANET)资源保护和存取网

Project voor geIntegreerde Catalogues Automotisering(PICA)图书馆自动化和在线服务国家中心

SCAMP 苏格兰杂志出版社协会 SCONE 苏格兰收藏网络扩展项目

HaIRST: Harvesting Institutional Resources In Scotland Testbed 苏格兰获取制度资源试验平台

SPEIR: Scottish Portals for Education, Information and Research 苏格兰教育、信息和研究门户

Associate University Librarian 大学图书馆副馆长

Ex-libris 藏书票

Australian Academic Research Libraries Information Network（AARLIN）澳大利亚学术研究图书馆信息网络

Documentation, Information and Culture（DIC）

文献、信息和文化

DDC 杜威十进分类法

Bodleian Library 牛津大学图书馆

Debate 答辩

Break-out sessions 分组座谈会

Wissenschaftszentrum Berlin für Sozialforschung(WZB)戈特弗里德-威廉-莱布尼茨科学联合会

TBA= to be announced 待宣布

Authority 管理局

NBLC 荷兰图书馆与文献中心

Official Association of Librarians-Documentalists of Catalonia 加太罗尼亚图书馆员和文献学家协会

Documentalist 文献学家

cross-browsing 交叉浏览

LCSH（Library of Congress Subject Headings）

美国国会图书馆标题表

BIX(Binary Information Exchange)二进制信息交换

FAST(Faceted Application of Subject Terminology)面向应用的主题术语

Universal Decimal Classification, UDC 国际十进分类法

The Associazione Biblioteche Carcerarie(ABC)或the Italian Association of Prison Libraries 意大利监狱图书馆协会

Schlagwortnormdatei（SWD）=Subject Authority File 标题权威档案

the Regeln für den Schlagwortkatalog(RSWK)=Rules for the Subject Catalogue

主题目录规则

Weltgipfeltreffen der Informationsgesellschaft=Le Sommet mondial sur la société de l'information(SMSI)=The World Summit on the Information Society(WSIS)信息社会全球峰会

SILAS(Singapore Integrated Library Automation Services)新加坡全国图书自动化服务系统

United Nations International Children'sEmergency Fund(UNICEF)联合国儿童基金会book card

书卡

book pocket

书袋 date slip

期限表

cataloguing department

编目部 description

著录 classifying

分类 cataloguing

编目 re-cataloguing

目录改编 cataloguer

编目员 card

卡片

card catalogue

卡片目录 ledger catalogue

书本式目录 loose-leaf catalogue

活页目录 catalogue card

目录卡片 classified card

分类卡 author card

作者卡 title card

书名卡 subject card

主题卡 guide card

指引卡 punched card

穿孔卡 microcard

缩微卡 microfilm

缩微胶卷 microfiche

缩微胶片 microprint

缩微印刷品 label

书标

circulation department

流通阅览部 stack room

书库

shelving

排架

book reservation

典藏

circulation desk, delivery desk

出纳台 open shelves

开架式 closed shelves

闭架式

opening hours, hours of service, hours of loan service reader's card, admission card

借书证 call slip

索书单 call number

书号 in circulation, out

借出 not for circulation

不外借 overdue notice

催还通知 renewal

续借

catalogue room

目录室

card catalogue cabinet

卡片目录柜 classified catalogue

分类目录 title catalogue

书名目录

开放时间4

author catalogue

著者目录

subject catalogue

主题目录 book case

书橱

scroll rack

卷轴架

double-sided book shelves

双面书架 roller shelf

滑动书架

book carrier, book conveyor

运书车 book lift, book elevator

图书升降机 disinfection of books

图书消毒 annual circulation

图书流通率 turnover of books

图书周转 inter-library loan

馆际互借 international loan

国际互借 reading room

阅览室

newspaper reading room

报纸阅览室 periodical reading room

期刊阅览室 newspaper file, newspaper rod

报纸夹 newspaper rack

报架 newspaper clipping

剪报

periodical record card

期刊登记卡 daily periodical card

报纸登记卡 periodica rack

杂志架 magazine binder

杂志夹 bound volume

合订本

exhibition room, exhibition hall

展览室 exhibit rack, display rack

展览架 display window

陈列窗

current issue

现期杂志

back issue, back number

过期杂志 missing issue

缺期期次 supplementary issue

增刊 index

索引

alphabetical index

字顺索引 author index

著者索引 classified index

分类索引 periodical index

期刊索引 subject index

主题索引 title index

书名索引 information

情报，信息

information material

情报资料

information media 情报载体（指书刊、电影、广播、电视、磁带等）information retrieval

情报检索 information storage

情报贮存 information science

情报学

non-book materials

非书资料（指手稿、乐谱、唱片、地图等）

non-print media

非印刷载体（指视听资料）

audio-visual book

视听图书（指附有录音带、唱片、幻灯片、录像带、电影等的图书）audiovisual studio

视听室 tape recorder

磁带录音机

cassette tape recorder

盒式磁带录音机 video tape recorder

磁带录像机 TV set

电视机

projector, film projector

电影放映机 slide projector

幻灯机

copier, duplicator xeroxing machine

打印机 microfilm reader 基础 缩微阅读机 book

图书

pamphlet, booklet

小册子 pocket book

袖珍书 miniature edition

微型本 rare book

善本 unique copy

孤本 sample copy

样本 gift

赠本

secondhand book

旧书 front cover

封面 back cover

封底

fly page, flyleaf

扉页 title page

书名页 copyright page

版权页 briefs, synopsis

内容提要

contents

目次

MARC, machine-readable catalogue

机读目录 network

网络

terminal

终端

terminal user

终端设备用户 retrieval

检索 keyword

关键词 descriptor

主题词 thesaurus

主题词表

ISBN(International Standard Book Number)

国际标准图书编号 ISSN(International Standard Serial Number)国际标准期刊编号 Universal Copyright Convention

国际版权公约 chief librarian, librarian

图书馆长

associate librarian, deputy librarian, sub-librarian 副馆长 clerk

管理员 librarian

馆员

第五篇：工商管理专业英语词汇

Unit 1 The Evolution of Management as a Field of Study

evolutionn.the process of developing发展

generalizev.to infer from many particulars概括

autobiographyn.the biography of a person written by that person 自传

memoirn.an account of the person experiences of an author 回忆录，自传

extremelyad.Being in or attaining the greatest or highest degree 极度地

anthropologistn.someone who studies anthropology 人类学家

perspectiven.the way in which a situation or problem in judged so that proper consideration

is given to each part 合理观察，视角

turnovern.the number of workers hired by an establishment to replace those who have left

in a given period of time 人员更替数

approachn.the method used in dealing with or accomplishing 方法

contingencyn.a possibility that must be prepared for可能事件，可能出现的情况 dynamica.characterized by continuous change 不断变化的confrontationn.discord or a clash of opinions and ideas 观点或思想的不断冲撞 incurv.to acquire or come into 获得

compromisev.something that combines qualities or elements of different things折中 interdependenta.mutually dependent 互相依存的characteristicn.a feature that helps to identify 特性

popularityn.the quality or state of being popular 普及

solea.of or relating to only one individual or group 单独的reliancen.the act of relying or the state of being reliant 依赖，依靠

sufficienta.being as much as is needed 充足的alliancen.the act of becoming allied or the condition of being allied 结盟

demographicn.of or relating to demography 人口统计

complementv.to serve as a complement to 补足

Unit 2 The Scope of Management

entailv.to have, impose, or require as a necessary accompaniment or consequence 伴随 conformv.to act or be in accord or agreement 使和谐一致

envisionv.to picture in the mind 想象

affordablea.that can be afforded 买得起的strivev.to exert much effort or energy 努力

missionn.special assignment given to a person or group 任务

informercialn.a commercial television program or relatively long commercial segment

offering consumer information 商业信息片

franchisen.authorization granted to someone to sell or distribute a company’s goods or

services in a certain area 特许经营权

tacticala.of, relating to, or using tactics 战术的departmentala.部门的peern.a person who has equal standing with another or others 同等的人，与他人在爵位、阶级或年龄上相当的人

interpersonala.relating to, occurring among, or involving several people 人与人之间的 fosterv.to promote the growth and development of 促进

pervasivea.having the quality or tendency to pervade or permeate 渗透性的stakeholdern.one who has a share or an interest 股东

flourishv.to be in a period of highest productivity 活跃

automotivea.moving by itself 自动的nonroutinen.非常规程序

analoguen.something that bears an analogy to something else 类似情况

Unit 3 What are Orgnizations ?

beastn.something a thing 事物

organizationn.a group of people with special purpose, such as a club or business 团体，组

织，机构，社团

inventionn.something invented 发明物

contrivancen.device or tool, esp.one made by an individual for a particular puipose 发明物；

器械

patronagen.all the patrons of a shop, hotel, etc, as a group 为了赞助而产生的impactn.the force of an idea, invention, system, etc.影响力

perspectiven.the way in which a matter is judged, so that consideration and importance is

five to each part 判断事物的方法

associationn.the act of joining or the state of being joined with somebody or something 联

合；结合；结交

verya.(used for giving force to an expression)(用于强调)正是；完全；实在whimn.a sudden idea or wish, often not reasonable 突起的（怪）念头；一时的兴致 fancyn.an image, opinion, or idea imagined and not based on fact 无事实根据的幻觉，意

见或看法

achievev.to finish successfully 完成；实现

souln.a person 人；灵魂

guidelinesn.the main points about something which is to be dealt with 指导方针；行动纲

领

bridgev.to build a brige across 架桥

gapn.an amount of distance pr difference 差异；差距；歧异

by virtue ofin virtue of 依靠；由于

survivaln.something which has continued to exist from an earlier time 生存

behaviorn.way of behaving 行为；举动

subsetn.a set contained within a set 子集

maintenancen.the act of maintaining 维持；维护；保养；赡养

turnovern.the number of workers that are hired by a firm to fill the places of workers who

have left in a particular period 人员更新

efficiencyn.the state or quality of being efficient 功效；效率；效能

intellectuala.concerning the intellect 智力的limitationn.the fact or conditions of limiting or being limited 限制事实或状态

chartn.information written or draw in the form of a picture graph, etc., usu.With the

intention of making it understood 图表

predictv.to see or describe in advance as a result of knowledge, experience, reason, etc.预

言；预测

Unit 4 Developing Qpality and Competitive Advantage

innovativea.marked by or given to innovations 革新的，创新的optimizev.to make as perfect or effective as possible 使最优化，使尽可能底完善或有效 medievala.relating or belonging to the Middle Ages 中世纪的tenantn.one that pays rent to use or occupy land, a building, or other property owned by

another 佃户

usherv.to precede and introduce 宣告，展示介绍；开始，开创

exotica.intriguingly unusual or different 异乎寻常的；奇异的strenuousa.requiring great effort, energy, or exertion 艰巨的，需要巨大努力、能量或投入的hazardousa.marked by danger 带有危险性的；危险的artificial intelligencethe ability of machine to perform those activities that are normally

thought to require intelligence 人工智能

navigationaln.an original type, from, or instance that serves as a model on which later

stages are based or judged 原型

chassisn.the rectangular steel frame, supported on springs and attached to the axles, that

holds the body and motor of an automotive vehicle 底盘

carouseln.a circular conveyor on which objects are displayed or rotated 旋转式传送带 outmaneuverv.to overcome by artful, clever maneuvering 智胜，在机智、谋略上胜过 CEOChief Executive Officer 执行总裁

Unit 5 Competitive Industry Environment Analysis

long-terma.involving, maturing after, or being in effect for a long time 长期的aggregationn.a group or formed by this 集合体

carbonateda.containing carbon dioxide 充了碳酸气的root beern.以黄樟油、冬青油为香料的无醇饮料

alen.any of various type of beer, esp.one that is pale in color 麦酒

caffeinen.a bitter white alkaloid,C8H10N4O2 咖啡因

alignmentn.the act of aligning or the condition of being aligned 结盟

meaninglessa.having no meaning or significance 无意义的，无价值的withdrawaln.retreat of military force in the face of enemy or after a defeat 撤退

vertical integration垂直统一管理

interactivea.acting or capable of acting on each other 互相作用的delin.a delicatessen 熟食店

buffetn.a meal at which guests serve themselves from various dishes displayed in a table or

sideboard 自助餐

nutritionn.the process of nourishing or being nourished 营养

slackenv.to make or become less vigorous 缓和

pharmaceuticala.of or relating to pharmacy or pharmacists 制药的neurosciencen.any of the sciences, such as neuroanatomy and neurobiology, that deal with

the nervous system 神经科学

inflammatorya.characterized or caused by inflammation 发炎的nichen.a special are of demand for a product or service 产品或服务所需的特殊领域

preemptivea.undertaken or initiated to deter or prevent an anticipated, usually unpleasant

situation or occurrence 先发制人的entrantn.one that enters, especially one that enters a competition 参加竞赛者

cellular phonen.便携式电话

dramaticallyad.catching and holding the imagination by unusual appearance or effects 戏

剧地，引人注目地

replenishmentn.something added to complete a thing, make up for a deficiency 补给，补充 backward integration后向合并

alleviatev.to make more bearable 减轻

oleomargarinen.margarine 人造黄油，人造奶油

tinplaten.very thin sheets of iron or steel covered with tin 镀锡铁皮；马口铁

maturityn.the state or quality of being fully frown or developed 成熟

shakeoutn.经济衰退

cerealn.a grass such as wheat, oats, or corn, the starchy grains of which are used as food 谷

物

razorn.a sharp-edged cutting instrument used especially for shaving the face or removing

other body hair 剃刀

Unit 6 Materials and Process ~ Management of a Company

inventoryn.the quantity of goods and materials on hand 库存

submitv.to commit to the consideration or judgment of another 使……听从

biddern.one who attempts to win a contract by bidding 投标人

obsoletea.outmoded in design, style, or construction 过时的establishv.to set up 建立

resourcen.the total means available to a company for increasing production or profit,including plant, labor, and raw material 储备力量

stockpilev.a supply stored for future use, usually carefully accrued and maintained 储存 calculatev.to make an estimate of 计算

interchangev.to give and receive mutually 交换

telecommunicationn.the electronic systems used in transmitting messages, as by telegragh,cable, telephone, radio, or television 电讯

executiven.a person or group having administrative or managerial authority in an

organization 经营管理人

simulationn.representation of the operation or features of one process or system through

the use of another 模拟

principlen.a fixed or predetermined policy or mode of action 准则

eliminatev.ti get rid of 消除

multifunctiona.多功能的flexiblea.responsive to a delay 可变通的；灵活的holdupn.an interruption or a delay 停顿

incentiven.something, such as the fear of punishment or the expectation of reward, that

induces action or motivates effort 诱因；动机

coordinatev.to harmonize in a common action or effort 调整

Unit 7 Operating Statement of a Company

wholesalea.of, relating to, or engaged in the sale of goods in large quantities for resale 批发 clarityn.clearness of thought or style 清晰

readabilityn.interesting or easy to read 易读，可读性

concisea.expressing much in few words 简明的，简洁的inventoryn.the quantity of goods and materials on hand 库存

gross sales销售总额

net sales扣除销货折扣和退货后净额

marginn.the minimum return that an enterprise may earn still pay for itself 最低利润 gross profit毛利，总利润，利润毛额

sales salaries销售人员的工资

advertising expense广告费用

office salaries办公室或一般文秘人员工资

miscellaneousa.made up of a variety of parts or ingredients 混杂的seeminglyad.apparently;ostensibly 表面上地

skeletonn.a supporting structure or framework 构架

invoicen.a detailed list of goods shipped or services rendered, with an account of all costs

发货清单

refundn.a repayment of funds 退款

cancellationsn.the act or an instance of canceling 取消

Unit 8 Human Resource Management: An Overview

utilizationn.making use of 利用；使用

meshv.to connect 结合；相合representativen.a person acting in place of one or more other 代表；代理

capitaln.money used for starting a business 资金

primarya.chief;main 主要的supervisorn.one who is in charge of a particular department or unit, as in a governmental

agency or school system 监督；管理人员

cosmeticn.a preparation such as face-cream, body-powder, etc., intended to make the skin

or hair more beautiful 化妆品

substantivea.expressing existence 表示存在的insightn.the power of using one’s mind to understand something deeply, without help

from outside information 洞察力；见识

catalystn.a substance which, without itself changing, causes chemical activity to quicken 催

化剂

energizern.something or somebody that gives energy to 使活跃的人或物

quitv.infml to stop and leave 停止；辞职

recruitmentn.招聘，招工

missionn.a group of people, esp.people acting for their country, who are sent abroad for

special reason 使团，代表团；任务，使命

plaguev.to cause continual discomfort, suffering, or trouble to, to make rather angry 折磨，烦恼；使得灾祸

compensationn.赔偿金，赔偿费，赔偿物

self-esteemn.one’s good or too good opinion of one’s own worth 自尊心；自大，自负