第一篇:初中英语过去进行时态(教师版)
初中过去进行时态
一、概念和用法:
1)概念:表示过去某时正在进行的状态或动作。
2)过去进行时的主要用法是描述一件事发生的背景;一个长动作发生的时候,另一个短动作发生。3)常用的时间状语this morning, the whole morning, all day yesterday, from nine to ten last evening, when, while例如:We were watching TV from seven to nine last night.昨天晚上七点到九点的时候我们在看电视。
What was he researching all day last Sunday? 上周日他一整天都在研究什么?
My brother fell while he was riding his bicycle and hurt himself.我哥哥骑自行车的时候从车上摔下来,受伤了。
It was raining when they left the station.他们离开车站的时候天正在下雨。
When I got to the top of the mountain, the sun was shining.当我到达山顶的时候,阳光灿烂。
二、过去进行时可以表示在过去某个时间点发生的事情。时间点可以用介词短语、副词或从句来表示。如:
What was she doing at nine o'clock yesterday? 昨天晚上九点她在做什么?(介词短语表示时间点)
When I saw him he was decorating his room.当我看见他的时候他正在装饰房间。(when从句表示时间点)
三、在复合句中,如果主要动作和背景动作都是延续的或同时发生的,那么主从句的动词都可用过去进行时。例如:
While he was waiting for the bus, he was reading a newspaper.他边等车边看报。(两个动作都是延续的)
He was cleaning his car while I was cooking.他擦车时我在做饭。(两个动作同时进行)
四、通常不能用于过去进行时的动词主要有:agree, be, believe, belong, care, forget, hate, have(拥有), hear, know, like, love, mean, mind, notice, own, remember, seem, suppose, understand, want, wish等。例如:
误:I was knowing the answer.正:I knew the answer.我知道答案。
误:I wasn't understanding him.正:I didn't understand him.我不明白他的意思。
五、典型例题
1)Mary ___ a dress when she cut her finger.A.made
B.is making
C.was making
D.makes
答案C.割伤手指是已发生的事情,应用过去时。同 时,when表时间的同时性,“玛丽在做衣服时”提供事情发生的背景,因此用过去进行时。2)As she ___ the newspaper, Granny ___ asleep.read; was falling B.was reading; fell C.was reading; was falling D.read;fell
答案B.句中的as = when, while,意为“当……之时”。描述一件事发生的背景时,用过去进行;一个长动作发生的时候,另一个短动作发生。句意为 “在她看报纸时,奶奶睡着了。”句中的 fell(fall的过去时),是系动词,后跟形容词,如:fall sick。
when 和while的用法区别 两者的区别如下:
①when是at or during the time that, 既指时间点,也可指一段时间;
while是during the time that,只指一段时间,因此when引导的时间状语从句中的动词可以是终止性动词,也可以是延续性动词,而while从句中的动词必须是延续性动词。
②when 说明从句的动作和主句的动作可以是同时,也可以是先后发生;while 则强调主句的动作在从句动作的发生的过程中或主从句两个动作同时发生。
③由when引导的时间状语从句,主句用过去进行时,从句应用一般过去时;如果从句和主句的动作同时发生,两句都用过去进行时的时候,多用while引导,如: a.When the teacher came in, we were talking.当此句改变主从句的位置时,则为: While we were talking, the teacher came in.b They were singing while we were dancing.过去进行时专项练习
一、单项选择
1.My brother ___ while he ___ his bicycle and hurt himself.A.fell, was riding B.fell, were riding C.had fallen, rode D.had fallen, was riding 2.Tom ___ into the house when no one ___.A.slipped, was looking B.had slipped, looked C.slipped, had looked
D.was slipping, looked 3.The last time I __ Jane she ___ cotton in the fields.A.had seen, was picking B.saw, picked
C.had seen, picked
D.saw, was picking 4.I don ' t think Jim saw me;he ___ into space.A.just stared
B.was just staring C.has just stared
D.had just stared
5.I first met Lisa three years ago.She ___ at a radio shop at the time.A.has worked
B.was working C.had been working D.had worked 6.---Hey, look where you are going!---Oh, I ' m terribly sorry.________.A.I ' m not noticing
B.I wasn ' t noticing C.I haven ' t noticed
D.I don ' t notice
7.The reporter said that the UFO ___ east to west when he saw it.A.was traveling
B.traveled C.had been traveling
D.was to travel
8.I ___ my breakfast when the morning post came.A.had
B.had been having C.have been having D.was having
9.When I arrived at his office, he ___ on the phone.A.was speaking
B.spoke C.had been speaking D.had spoken 10.“ What ' s the matter, Ali? You look sad.”
“ Oh, nothing much.As a matter of fact, I ___ of my friends back home.”
A.just thought
B.have just been thinking C.was just thinking D.have just thought
二、动词填空。
1.John_______(work)all day yesterday.2.He _______(walk)home when the(rian)_______begin.3. —What______you _______(do)at ten o'clock yesterday﹖
—I_______(studay)in class.
4.When Harry _______(have)breakfast Lily _______(telephone)him.
5.When I ________(go)to school this morning I ______(see)a car running into a bus.
6.This time yesterday Jack ______(mend)his bike.7.I ______(write)a letter at ten last night.8.It was six.The Greens ______(have)supper.9.When you ______(knock)at the door yesterday,I ______(do)some washing.10.While my mother ______(watch)TV, I ______(make)a kite.三、英汉互译。
1、昨晚我给你打电话时,你正在干什么?
2、上中学时,我住老师家里。
3、他昨天本来要看那场戏的,可是太忙了。
4、They wanted to know when we were leaving for Shanghai.5、Soon the whole town was talking about it.过去进行时专项练习答案
1、What were you doing when I phoned you last night?
2、I was living in my teacher's house when I was in middle school.3、He was watching the play yesterday, but he was too busy.4、他们想知道我们什么时候去上海。
5、不久镇上的人就都谈论起这件事了。
第二篇:初中英语的时态
Ⅰ.初中时态归纳复习
英语时态有以下几种。
一、一般现在时:
概念:经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况。
二、一般过去时:
概念:过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态;过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。
三、现在进行时:
概念:表示现阶段或说话时正在进行的动作及行为。
四、过去进行时:
概念:表示过去某段时间或某一时刻正在发生或进行的行为或动作。
五、现在完成时:
概念:过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果,或从过去已经开始,持续到现在的动作或状态。
六、过去完成时:
概念:以过去某个时间为标准,在此以前发生的动作或行为,或在过去某动作之前完成的行为,即“过去的过去”。
七、一般将来时:
概念:表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。
八、过去将来时:
概念:立足于过去某一时刻,从过去看将来,常用于宾语从句中。
第三篇:初中英语时态顺口溜
初中英语八种时态 顺口溜
时态中学学8种,时间、方面两相乘;
一般时态有4个,还有进行和完成;时间现在与过去,将来动作要发生。(一)一般现在时态
动词原形直接用;一般现在时态中;陈述事实和真理,习惯动作常发生; 第三人称单数时,动词变成单三形;疑问、否定不易变,具体情况看句型。系表there be、be关键,have是“有”立大功;遇到行为动词时,额外加do(does)要记清。
(二)一般过去时态
过去形式没人称,一般过去时态用;规则动词加“-ed'’,表示过去刚发生; 不规则动词过去式,形式特殊记心中;否定疑问容易变,具体情况看句型; 系表there be、动词have,be、have提前疑问成;谓语行动外加did、not, didn`t句当中。
(三)一般将来时态
will、shall加原形,表示将来要发生;be going to加动词,打算、计划要进行; 疑问be、will提句首,其后跟not是否定;各种人称都will,shall只用第一人称。(四)一般过去将来时态
would、should加原形,多用宾语从句中;表示过去为起点,再看将来要发生; 否定疑问看主句,简单句子看助动。(五)现在进行时态
表示现在正进行,助动现分来构成;助劫词be随人变,am、is、are要记清; 现在分词也好变,动词原形加个-ing;一般疑问be提前,否定not加句中。(六)过去进行时态
过去进行之构成,助动、现分放句中;助动词be过去式,was和were看人称; 一般疑问be提前,否定not加句中。(七)现在完成时态
have过分并列行,表示动作己完成;事情发生在过去,后果影响最为重; 规则过分为“ed”,不规则动记心中;一般疑问容易变,have提前作首领; 否定变来也不难,haven`t、hasn`t要记清。(八)过去完成时态
had过分用句中,过去之前早完成;记住“过去的过去”,复合句里很常用。
第四篇:初中英语时态总结
初中英语时态总结一、一般现在时
1.概念:经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况。
2.时间状语: Always, usually, often, sometimes, every week(day, year, month…), once a week(day, year, month…), on Sundays,3.基本结构:动词 原形(如主语为第三人称单数,动词上要改为第三人称单数形式)
4.否定形式:主语+am/is/are +not+其他;此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词,则在其前加don't, 如主语为第三人称单数,则用doesn't,同时还原行为动词。
5.一般疑问句:把be动词放于句首;用助动词do提问,如主语为第三人称单数,则用does,同时,还原行为动词。
6.例句:.It seldom snows here.He is always ready to help others.Action speaks louder than words..二、一般过去时
1.概念:过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态;过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。
2.时间状语:ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week, last(year, night, month…), in 1989, just now, at the age of 5, one day, long long ago, once upon a time, etc.3.基本结构:be动词;行为动词的过去式
4.否定形式:主语+was/were +not+其他;在行为动词前加didn't,同时还原行为动词。
5.一般疑问句:was或were放于句首;用助动词do的过去式did 提问,同时还原行为动词。
6.例句:She often came to help us in those days.I didn't know you were so busy.三、现在进行时
1.概念:表示现阶段或说话时正在进行的动作及行为。
2.时间状语:Now, at this time, days, etc.look.listen
3.基本结构:主语+be +doing +其他
4.否定形式:主语+be +not +doing+其他
5.一般疑问句:把be动词放于句首。
6.例句: How are you feeling today?
He is doing well in his lessons.四、过去进行时
1.概念:表示过去某段时间或某一时刻正在发生或进行的行为或动作。
2.时间状语:at this time yesterday, at that time或以when引导的谓语动词是一般过去时的时间状语等。
3.基本结构 主语+was/were +doing +其他
4.否定形式:主语+was/were + not +doing+其他
5.一般疑问句:把was或were放于句首。(第一个字母大写)
6.例句:At that time she was working in a PLA unit.When he came in, I was reading a newspaper.五、现在完成时
1.概念:过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果,或从过去已经开始,持续到现在的动作或状态。
2.时间状语:yet,already,just,never,ever,so far,by now,since+时间点,for+时间段,recently, lately, in the past few years, etc.3.基本结构:主语+have/has +p.p(过去分词)+其他
4.否定形式:主语+have/has + not +p.p(过去分词)+其他
5.一般疑问句:have或has。
6.例句:I've written an article.The countryside has changed a lot in the past few years.六、过去完成时
1.概念:以过去某个时间为标准,在此以前发生的动作或行为,或在过去某动作之前完成的行为,即“过去的过去”。
2.时间状语:Before, by the end of last year(term, month…), etc.3.基本结构:主语+had + p.p(过去分词)+其他
4.否定形式:主语+had + not +p.p(过去分词)+其他
5.一般疑问句:had放于句首。
6.例句:As soon as we got to the station, the train had left.By the end of last month.We had reviewed four books
基本结构:主语+had+p.p(过去分词)+其他
①肯定句:主语+ had+p.p(过去分词)+其他
②否定句:主语+ had+ not+p.p(过去分词)+其他
③一般疑问句:Had+主语+p.p(过去分词)+其他
④特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+一般疑问句七、一般将来时
1.概念:表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。
2.时间状语:Tomorrow, next day(week, month, year…),soon, in a few minutes, by…,the day after tomorrow, etc.3.基本结构:主语+am/is/are +going to + do+其他;主语+will/shall + do+其他
4.否定形式:主语+am/is/are not going to do ;主语+will/shall not do+其他
5.一般疑问句:be放于句首;will/shall提到句首。
6.例句:They are going to have a competition with us in studies.It is going to rain.八、过去将来时
1.概念:立足于过去某一时刻,从过去看将来,常用于宾语从句中。
2.时间状语:The next day(morning, year…),the following month(week…),etc.3.基本结构:主语+was/were +going to + do+其他;主语+would/should + do+其他
4.否定形式:主语+was/were/not + going to + do;主语+would/should + not + do.5.一般疑问句:was或were放于句首;would/should 提到句首。
6.例句:He said he would go to Beijing the next day.I asked who was going there.九、将来完成时
1.概念:在将来某一时刻之前开始的动作或状态
2.时间状语:by the time of;by the end of+时间短语(将来);by the time+从句(将来)
3.基本结构:主语+be going to/will/shall + have+p.p(过去分词)+其他
4例句:By the time you get back, great changes will have taken place in this area.十、现在完成进行时
1.概念:表示从过去某一时间开始一直延续到现在的动作。这一动作可能刚刚开始,也可能仍在继续,并可能延续到将来。
2.基本结构:主语+have/has +been +doing+其他
3.时间状语:since+时间点,for+时间段等。
4.例子:I have been sitting here for an hour.The children have been watching TV since six o'clock.
十一、一般过去时与现在完成时的转换
在现在完成时中,延续性动词能与表示一段时间的状语连用,瞬间动词却不能。但是,可用别的表达方式:①瞬间动词用于“一段时间 + ago”的一般过去时的句型中;②瞬间动词可改成与之相对应的延续性动词及短语,与一段时间连用;③瞬间动词用于“It is + 一段时间 + since + 一般过去时”的句型中,表示“自从……以来有……时间”的意思,主句一般用it is来代替It has been;④瞬间动词用于“Some time has passed since + 一般过去时”的句型中。请看:
A.He joined the League two years ago.B.He has been in the League for two years.C.It is two years since he joined the League.D.Two years has passed since he joined the League.
十二、一般现在时与现在进行时的转换
在一般现在时中,at加上名词表示“处于某种状态”,如at work(在工作), at school(上学、上课)等。此短语可与进行时态转换。请看:
Peter is at work, but Mike is at play.Peter is working, but Mike is playing.十三、现在进行时与一般将来时的转换
在现在进行时态中go, come, leave, start, arrive等动词常与表示将来的时间状语连用表示将要发生的动作。如:I am coming, Mum!意为“我就来,妈妈!”请看:
The train is leaving soon.The train will leave soon.名词复数的不规则变化
1)child---children foot---feet tooth---teeth
mouse---mice man---men woman---women
注意:与 man 和 woman构成的合成词,其复数形式也是-men 和-women。
如: an Englishman,two Englishmen.但German不是合成词,故复数形式为Germans;Bowman是姓,其复数是the Bowmans。
2)单复同形 如:
deer,sheep,fish,Chinese,Japanese
li,jin,yuan,two li,three mu,four jin
但除人民币元、角、分外,美元、英镑、法郎等都有复数形式。如:
a dollar, two dollars;a meter, two meters
3)集体名词,以单数形式出现,但实为复数。
如: people.police.cattle 等本身就是复数,不能说 a people,a police,a cattle,但可以说
a person,a policeman,a head of cattle,the English,the British,the French,the Chinese,the Japanese,the Swiss 等名词,表示国民总称时,作复数用。
如: The Chinese are industries and brave.中国人民是勤劳勇敢的。
4)以s结尾,仍为单数的名词,如:
a.maths,politics,physics等学科名词,为不可数名词,是单数。
b.news 是不可数名词。
c.the United States,the United Nations 应视为单数。
The United Nations was organized in 1945.联合国是1945年组建起来的。
d.以复数形式出现的书名,剧名,报纸,杂志名,也可视为单数。
“The Arabian Nights” is a very interesting story-book.<<一千零一夜>>是一本非常有趣的故事书。
5)表示由两部分构成的东西,如:glasses(眼镜)trousers, clothes
若表达具体数目,要借助数量词 pair(对,双);suit(套);a pair of glasses;two pairs of trousers
6)另外还有一些名词,其复数形式有时可表示特别意思,如:goods货物,waters水域,fishes(各种)鱼
第五篇:初中英语时态教案
时态教案
先画出时态的时间轴的图,在依次介绍各个时态的含义。
(1)一般现在时:表示习惯性的、客观真理、主语目前的状态或特征等。注意:在时间状语和条件状语从句中,遵守“主将从现”的原则。
时间标志:always/often/usually/seldom/never/every week/twice a week/
(2)一般过去时:A过去的某个时间所发生的动作或存在的状态。时间状语:yesterday/last week/an hour ago/just now/the other day/in 1982/
B表示在过去经常或反复发生的动作。时间标志:always/often/
例句:when i was a child, i often played football in street.C 也可与today/this week/this month/this year/表示现在的时间连用,但这些时间必须指过去的时间。不包含此时此刻的含义。Did you see him today?
(3)过去进行时:在过去某个时刻正在进行或发生的动作。
例句:I was reading the book at that time.(过去进行,未读完,“读”的片段);
I read the book yesterday.(过去时、已读完,表整个“读”)。
(4)正在进行时:表示现在(说话的时候)正在发生、现阶段(说话前后一段时间)一直进行或反复发生持续进行的动作。
He is writing another novel.(说话时并没有进行,只是处在写作的状态)he is thinking about this problem these days.#其中表示移动的词:come/go/arrive/leave/start/begin/return/可以用进行时表将来。She told me that she was leaving.She is leaving tomorrow.(对过去进行和现在进行时)
(5)现在完成时:过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果,或者动作从过去一直持续到现在还有可能继续持续下去。注意短暂性动词不能与表示一段时间的状语连用(begin/lend/join/die/fall/join/kill/stop/等)
(6)、一般过去时和现在完成时的区别。
一般过去时只表示过去某时发生的动作和状态。现在完成时则强调到目前为止动作的完成和结果,与现在的情况有联系,对现在也有影响。A.刚做过的事,用现在完成时态,当说明或者询问做事的时间、地点时,要用一般过去时。例如he has watched the football match.She watched it last Saturday.她看了那场足球赛,她是上周六看的。
B.have / has been to a place.表示某人曾经去过或者到过某地。have / has gone to a place表示某人说话时已经离开此地,或在去某地的路途中或者已经到了某地。
例如:Frank has gone to Tibet.弗兰克已经去西藏了。Frank has been to Tibet twice.弗兰克已经去过西藏2次了。
(7)、现在完成时与过去完成时的区别:
过去完成时与现在完成时两者的用法基本相同,但现在完成时以现在的时间为基点,而过去完成时则以过去的时间为基点,与现在无关,是过去的过去。
I have finished my homework.(表示说话时作业已经做完了)
By four o’clock, I had finished my homework.初步掌握延续性动词和瞬间动词在语法上的区别:如ie, arrive, come, go, join, leave, buy, begin, get, start, become, borrow 等均为瞬间动词,在现在完成时态中不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。
He has joined the army.他参军了。He has been in the army for a year.他参军已经一年了。(换成可以延续的动词)He joined the army a year ago.(用过去时)
(8)一般将来和过去将来时区别:
一般将来:在将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态,或将来反复经常发生的动作。常与tomorrow、next week/year/等连用。
过去将来:从过去某个时间看将来发生的动作或存在的状态,或表示过去的某种习惯。He said that he would finish his work before 9.Be going to /will的区别:
(1)be going to :表强调计划,安排要发生的事或有迹象要发生的事.Look at the dark clouds, I think it is going to rain soon.(2)will:表示主观意愿,未经事先精心计划或打算.可用于各种人称.There is someone at the door.I will go and open it