一般现在时的用法小结

第一篇：一般现在时的用法小结

一般现在时的用法小结

1、定义:一般现在时表示现在经常反复发生的动作、存在的状态或习惯性的动作。

2、构成：一般现在时用行为动词的原形，但第三人称单数作主语时，动词的词尾要加-S或-es。

规则：以辅音字母加“y”结尾的词，要把“y”变为“i”再加“es”，以“o s x ch sh ”结尾的词加“es”，be动词的变化形式是am is are 一般现在时的用法：

1)经常性或习惯性的动作，常与表示频度的时间状语连用。

时间状语： every„, sometimes, usually often once a week on sundays I leave home for school at 7 every morning.Sometimes,he plays baskateball with his father.She usually goes to school at 7:00.We often visit that old teacher on Sundays.2)客观真理，客观存在，科学事实。The earth moves around the sun.Shanghai lies in the east of China.3)表示格言或警句中。

Pride goes before a fall.骄者必败。

No man but errs 注意：此用法如果出现在宾语从句中，即使主句是过去时，从句谓语也要用一般现在时。例：Columbus proved that the earth is round..4)现在时刻的状态、能力、性格、个性。I don't want so much.Ann Wang writes good English but does not speak well.比较：Now I put the sugar in the cup.I am doing my homework now.第一句用一般现在时，用于操作演示或指导说明的示范性动作，表示言行的瞬间动作。再如：Now watch me, I switch on the current and stand back.第二句中的now是进行时的标志，表示正在进行的动作的客观状况，所以后句用一般现在时。

在一般现在时中，当主语是第三人称单数时，谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式，即常在动词原形后加-s或-es。但有些同学们对于哪些主语是第三人称单数还不十分清楚，现归纳总结如下：

一、人称代词he, she, it是第三人称单数。如： He likes watching TV.他喜欢看电视。She has lunch at twelve.她十二点吃午餐。It looks like a cat.它看起来像只猫。

二、单个人名、地名或称呼作主语；是第三人称单数。如： ①Han Mei looks like her mother.韩梅看起来像她的母亲。②Beijing is in China.北京在中国。

③Uncle Wang often makes cakes.王叔叔经常做蛋糕。

三、单数可数名词或“this / that / the+单数可数名词”作主语时，是第三人称单数。如：

①A horse is a useful animal.马是有用的动物。②This book is yours.这本书是你的。③That car is red.那辆小汽车是红色的。④The cat is Lucy's.这只猫是露茜的。

四、不定代词someone, somebody, nobody, everything, something,nothing等及指示代词this, that作主语时，是第三人称单数。如： ①Everyone is here.大家到齐了。

②There is something wrong with the watch.这块手表有毛病。③This is a pen.这是一支钢笔。④That is an eraser.那是一块橡皮擦。

五、不可数名词作主语时为第三人称单数。如： ①The milk is in the glass.牛奶在玻璃杯里。②The bread is very small.那面包很小。

六、当数字或字母作主语时，看作第三人称单数。如： ①“6” is a lucky number.“6”是个吉利数字。②“I” is a letter.“I”是个字母。

在下列情况下表示将来：

1.在状语从句中用一般现在时代替一般将来时。如：

I will give it to him as soon as I see him.我一看见他就交给他。He will come if you invite him.如果你请他,他会来的。

Suppose he doesn’t agree，what shall we do?假如他不同意，那怎么办? I shall do as I please.我高兴怎么做就怎么做。

He will continue the work no matter what happens.不管发生什么情况他都要继续这项工作。2.在the more…the more …(越……越……)句型中,前者通常用一般现在时代替一般将来时，因为前者相当于条件状语从句。如：

The harder you study, the better results you will get.你学习越努力，成绩就会越好。

3.在make sure(certain), see to it, mind, care, matter后的宾语从句的谓语动词用一般现在时代替一般将来时。如：

See to it that you are not late again.注意别再迟到了。

4.表示按计划或时间表将要发生的动作，通常有表示将来的时间状语。如：

The plane takes off at 11:30 and arrives in Shanghai at l:20.飞机十一点半起飞，一点二十分抵达上海。

注：只限于少数动词能这样用，如 begin, start, , end, finish, stop, go, come, leave, sail, arrive, return, close, open 等。

第二篇：一般现在时中be动词的用法

be动词意思和用法很多，一般的意思是：是，此种用法，有多种变化形式，am，is，are，等等。

根据句子中不同的人称、数和时态，应该选择相应的be动词。一般现在时：

第一人称单数形式，I,用am 例：I am a boy.(我是个男孩)

I am a girl.（我是个女孩）

I am a teacher.（我是个老师）

I am a student.（我是个学生）第二人称单数形式，you,用are 例：You are a boy.（你是个男孩）

You are a girl.（你是个女孩）

You are right!（你是对的）

Are you a boy?(放在句首，第一个字母要大写)第三人称单数形式，he ,she ,it ,who,人名，用is 例：He is a boy.（他是个男孩）

She is a girl.（她是个女孩）

It is a cat.（它是一只猫）

Who is Mike?（谁是迈克）

另外，第一人称复数（we）、第二人称复数（you你们）、第三人称的复数（they），都用are。

例：We are students.（我们是学生）

You are students.（你们是学生）

They are teachers.（他们是老师）

口诀：一般时态有关be动词的口诀

我用am，你用are，is连接他/她/它，复数形式就用are

第三篇：一般过去式和一般现在时的标志词和用法

一般过去式和一般现在时的标志词和用法一、一般现在时：

概念：经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况。

时间状语：

always, usually, often, sometimes, every week(day, year, month…), once a week, on Sundays, etc.基本结构：①be动词；②行为动词

否定形式：①am/is/are+not;②此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词，则在其前加don't,如主语为第三人称单数，则用doesn't，同时还原行为动词。

一般疑问句：①把be动词放于句首；②用助动词do提问，如主语为第三人称单数，则用does，同时，还原行为动词。

二、一般过去时：

概念：过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态；过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。时间状语：ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week(year, night, month…), in 1989, just now, at the age of 5, one day, long long ago, once upon a time, etc.基本结构：①be动词；②行为动词

否定形式：①was/were+not;②在行为动词前加didn't，同时还原行为动词。一般疑问句：①was或were放于句首；②用助动词do的过去式did 提问，同时还原行为动词。

三、现在进行时：

概念：表示现阶段或说话时正在进行的动作及行为。

时间状语：now, at this time, these days, etc.基本结构：am/is/are+doing

否定形式：am/is/are+not+doing.一般疑问句：把be动词放于句首。

第四篇：it用法小结

小结(2008-12-08 15:57:31)

标签：教育

It用法小结

it在英语语法中属人称代词，意思是“它”，用来指人以外的一切生物和事物。它的用法不仅不简单，而且很复杂。

一、用于指人以外的一切生物、无生命的东西和事情。

一般指说话者心目中已经了解或所指的生物、无生命的东西或事情、没有性别的区分；可以是可数名词，也可以是不可数名词，在句子中既可做主语，也可以作宾语。

1．指动物和植物。如：

—Oh，that's Lucy's hat．噢，那是露茜的帽子。

—It looks like a cat！它看上去像只猫！

Where's tea grown？It's grown in the southeast of China．

什么地方种植茶？中国东南部种植茶。

2．指代一些无生命的东西。如：

Is it your watch？这是你的手表吗？

Look at the rain！It's heavy，isn't it？看这雨！雨很大，对吗？

3．代替上文提到过的整个事情。如：

Well，you mustn't play on the road．It's dangerous．哦，你不能在公路上玩。这太危险了！It was hard work，but they really enjoyed it．摘苹果是艰苦活，可他们都乐意去干（它）。

二、用于指代人。

1．指代说话者心目中不太清楚的那个人，常在打电话或敲门时用。如：

—Who was it？是谁（打来的电话）？

—Was it Susan？（打电话的）是苏珊吗？

—Yes，it was．是的，我是。（根据上下句，“it was”也可不译出来。）

再如：—Who is knocking at the door？谁在敲门？

—It's me．是我。

2．指说话者心目中的那个人。如：

—Is it your sister，Kate？（那旧照片上的 baby）是你姐姐凯特吧？

—No！不是。

—Is it your brother？是你哥哥吧？

—No！不是。

—I know—it's you！我知道了，（那）是你。

3．指代性别不详的婴幼儿或在不计较性别时，也可用it来指人。如

The child smiled when it saw its mother．这小孩一见到母亲就笑了。

I don't know who it is．我不知道他是谁。

注意：看到这样的句子（或听到这样的话）时，要想一想，不要一看到it就把它译成“它”。）

4．在回答用指示代词表示人的特殊问句时，常用it指人。如：

—Who's that？那人是谁？

—Is it Kate？是凯特吗？

—Yes，I think you're right．It's Kate．是的，我想你说对了，是凯特。

三、用于指时间、距离和自然现象等。

1．表示时间。如：

—What time is it？几点钟？

—It's ten．十点钟。

It's summer in Australia now．现在澳大利亚是夏天。

特别注意it用于表示时间时还常见于以下两个句型中：

（1）It's time（for sb．）to do sth．／It's time for sth．译为“是（某人）该干„„的时间了”、“到„„的时候了”。如：

It's time for supper／to have supper．是吃晚饭的时候了。

I think it's time for us to start the lesson now．我想现在是我们开始上课的时候了。

（2）It is ／has been ＋时间段＋since ＋一般过去时。译为“自从„„以来已过了„„（时间）”。此结构可以与另一种句型进行同义句转换。如：

It has been two weeks since we met last．＝ Two weeks has passed since we met last．自从我们上次相遇以来，两个星期过去了。

It's three years since he came here．＝It has been three years since he came here．＝He has been here for three years．他到这里已经三年了。

2．表示距离。如：

It's half an hour's walk from my home to the school．从我家到学校步行得花半小时时间。—Where's the farm，Li Lei？Is it far？李雷，农场在哪里？远吗？

—No，it's quite near．不，（距）离这很近。

3．表示自然现象。如：

Sometimes it snows and the land is all white．有时下雪，大地一片白。

It is very quiet here at the moment．眼下这儿很安静。

四、用作形式主语。

英语中常常见到某个句子以it开头，it与其后面的动词不定式短语、动名词短语、名词性从句等相呼应，以表达一个完整的意义。这是一种习惯表达法，这样的句式可避免句子显得头重脚轻。

1．It＋is／was＋形容词＋（for／of sb．）＋动词不定式短语。对于这个句型中究竟用 for还是用of，一般遵循这样的规则：如果形容词仅仅是描述事物的形容词，如：difficult，easy，hard，important，dangerous等用for；如果形容词是描述不定式行为者的性格、品质的，如：kind，good，nice，clever等则用of。如：

It is interesting to play with snow in winter．冬季里玩雪是很有趣的。

It's important for us to keep the water clean．保持水质清洁对我们来说是很重要的。It's very kind of you to say so．你这样说真是太好了。

注意：这一句式中的形容词位置也可换用名词；连系动词be也可换用其它连系动词，如feel等。如：

It's a good habit to get up early and go to bed early．早睡早起是好习惯。

It must be great fun to fly to the moon in a spaceship．乘宇宙飞船飞往月球一定很有趣。It feels strange to have a twin sister．有个孪生姐妹感觉很奇怪。

2．It ＋will be／is ／was ＋形容词＋动名词短语。如：

It's bad playing in the street．在街上玩是没好处的。

Is it any good trying again？再试一次有用吗？

3．It＋is／was＋形容词＋从句。如：

It is certain that he will come．他一定会来。

It's true that he may fall behind the other students．他真的可能落后于其他同学。

It is strange that he should say so．他居然这么说，真是奇怪。

4．It ＋is ／was ＋one's turn（duty，pleasure）＋to do sth．意为“该轮到某人做某事（做某事是某人的责任、愉悦的事）”。如：

It's your turn to be on duty tomorrow．明天轮到你值日了。

5．It takes（sb．）some time to do sth．意为“（某人）花„„时间做某事”。如

It took me a week to finish reading the book．我花了一周时间看完这本书。

6．It ＋cost／costs ＋sb．＋some money ＋to do sth．译为“某人花多少钱做某事”。如：It cost me 260 yuan to buy the new watch．我买这块新手表花了260元。

7．It seems ／seemed ＋从句。译为“看起来好像„„”，此结构可以转换成“seem ＋动词不定式”形式。如：

It seems that he is ill．＝He seems to be ill．看起来他好像病了。

[原题再现]

①________is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.A.ThereB.ThisC.ThatD.It

② In fact________ is a hard job for the police to keep order in an important football match.A.thisB.thatC.thereD.it

答案: ① D ② D

五、用作形式宾语。

当句子的真正宾语是动词不定式、动名词或从句时，为避免句子头重脚轻，须将其放在宾语补足语之后，改用先行词it占据其原来的位置。it用作形式宾语的句型为：主语＋谓语＋it＋宾语补足语＋动词不定式／动名词／从句。该句型中宾语补足语可由形容词、名词等充当。如：

He found it not easy to learn a foreign language well．他发现学好一门外语是不容易的。We think it no good reading in bed．我们认为躺在床上看书无益处。

I think it necessary that we have the meeting．我认为开这个会是必要的。

[原题再现]

Don't ________that all those who get good grades in the entrance examination will prove to be most successful.A.take as grantedB.take this for granted

C.take that for grantedD.take it for granted

答案: D

六.构成强调句。

如：

It was in the street that I saw Li Ping this morning.今天早晨，就是在街上我看见李明。

[原题再现]

________was in 1979________I graduated from university.A.That;that B.It;that C.That;when D.It;when

答案: B

七.构成特殊句式。如：

It seems as if we should finish it tomorrow.【练习】

（1）There is a photo on the wall.____ the photo of Lei Feng.A.It B.Its C.It's D.He（高考，1980)

（2)Is＿necessary to tell his father everything?

A.it B.that C.what D.he(MET1987)

(3)Is＿possible to fly to the moon in a spaceship?

A.now B.man C.that D.it

(4)I consider____ my duty to help you．

A.it B.this C.that D.its

(5).It was at four o'clock in the afternoon ____ he and his grandpa reached the museum in Guanghan.A.while B.that C.when D.as

答案：(1)C(2)A(3)D(4)A(5)B

(6)．I like ____ in the autumn when the weather is clear and bright.（2004全国I）

A.this B.that C.it D.one

(7).-Do you like ___ here?

-Oh，yes.The air，the weather，the way of life.Everything is so nice.（2004全国II）

A.this B.these C.that D.it

(8)．The Parkers bought a new house but ____ will need a lot of work before they can move in.A.they B.it C.one D.which

(9).I hate___ when people talk with their mouths full.A.it B.that C.these D.them

(10).Joan had often heard____ said that Marley had no money.A.it B.this C.that D.one

答案：C D B A A

八、it, one和that作替代词的用法及区别

it, one和that虽然都可以用来替代前面所提到的一个单数名词,以避免重复,但在具体用法上却有不同。简述如下:

1.it代替前面提到的同一事物,该事物既可以是可数名词也可以是不可数名词。

[原题再现]

The news that they failed their driving test discouraged him, ______?

A.did theyB.didn't theyC.did itD.didn't it

答案: D

2.one代替前面提到的同类事物中的一个。该事物只能是可数名词,前面可以有冠词,也可以被this、that或形容词修饰,其后也可以有定语。

[原题再现]

-Why don't we have a little break?

-Didn't we just have________?

A.it B.that C.one D.this

答案: C

3.that代替前面提到的同类事物中特指的一个。该事物既可以是可数名词也可以是不可数名

词,要有后置定语,但不可以有前置修饰语。

[原题再现]

Few pleasures can equal ________ of a cool drink on a hot day.A.someB.anyC.thatD.those

答案: C

高考“it”的用法英语题

历届高考英语单项选择题精选

（一）“it”的用法

1.Was it during the Second World War_____ he died?

A.thatB.while

C.in whichD.then(88)

2.Is ____ necessary to complete the design before National Day?

A.thisB.that

C.itD.he(89)

3.I don

t think ____ possible to master a foreign language without much memory work.A.thisB.that

C.itsD.it(91)

4.Does ______ matter if he can’t finish the job on time?

A.thisB.that

C.heD.it(91)

5.It was not _____ she took off her glasses _____ I realized she was a famous film star.A.when , thatB.until , that

C.until , thatD.when , then(92)

6.I was disappointed with the film.I had expected ______ to be much better.A.thatB.this

C.oneD.it(93)

7.It was not until 1920 ______ regular radio broadcasts began.A.whileB.which

C.thatD.since(94)

8.______is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.A.ThereB.This

C.ThatD.It(95)

9.It was only when I reread this poems recently _____ I began to appreciate their beauty.A.untilB.that

C.thenD.so(97)

10.I hate _____ when people talk with their mouths full.A.itB.that

C.theseD.them(98)

11.It is the ability to do the job _____ matters not where you come from or what you are.A.oneB.that

C.whatD.it(2000)

KEYS:1-5 ACDDB6-10 DCDBA11 B ’

第五篇：with用法小结

with用法小结

一、with表拥有某物

Mary married a man with a lot of money.马莉嫁给了一个有着很多钱的男人。

I often dream of a big house with a nice garden.我经常梦想有一个带花园的大房子。

二、with表用某种工具或手段

I cut the apple with a sharp knife.我用一把锋利的刀削平果。

Tom drew the picture with a pencil.汤母用铅笔画画。

三、with表人与人之间的协同关系

make friends with sb

talk with sb

quarrel with sb与……吵架

fight with sb与……打架

play with sb

work with sb years since we worked with each other, and I have never quarreled with him.自从我们一起工作以来，我和汤姆已经是十年的朋友了，我们从没有吵过架。

四、with 表原因或理由.这种语义的with多半与表示情绪的词连用.John was in bed with high fever.约翰因发烧卧床。

He jumped up with joy.他因高兴跳起来。

Father is often excited with wine.父亲常因白酒变的兴奋。

五、with 表“带来”，或“带有,具有”，”在…身上，在…身边”之意（相当于having, carrying）

The girl with golden hair looks beautiful.那个金头发的女孩看起来漂亮。

The famous director will come to the meeting with the leading actor and actress.那个有名的导演将带着男女主角来到会场。

Do you have money with you.身上带着钱吗？

Take the umbrella with you in case it rains.随身带伞，以防下雨。

注意：with ,about ,和in均可表示特征和属性.With表示属于人和物的显著特点;about表示附属于人或物不可捉摸的的特点;in表示附属与人或物的内部固有特点.﹡His uncle is an old man with a red nose.它的叔叔是位红鼻子老人。

﹡There is a certain charm about that man.那个人有某种魅力。

﹡There is something strange in him.他身上有点奇怪的地方。

六、with表想法，信念，态度与…一致

I agree with you on how to deal with it.关于此事如何处理，我同意你的看法。

七、with表示让步,“虽有,尽管”

With all his money and fame, he is not happy.有着钱和名誉，他还是不快乐。

With good teachers and warmhearted classmates, the new comer feels lonely.虽有着好老师和热心的同学，这个新来的还是感觉孤独。

八、with表同时，或同一方向，“随着”

The temperature of cold-blooded animals change with the temperature of the surroundings.冷血动物的体温随着周围的环境的改变而变化。

The big ship is sailing with the wind.这个大船正随风向航行。

And with the last words, she turned away.随着最后一句话说完，他转身离开了。

九．With后加上一个名词（多为表情绪的词），表示“。。。地”等情态意义，其作用相当于一个副词。with care =carefully ﹡with difficulty=difficultly ﹡with warmth=warmly﹡with curiosity=curiously ﹡ with pride=proudly

十、with的复合结构表行为方式或伴随情况

1、with + n/pron + adj.He left the room with the door open.门开着，他就离开了屋子。Don’t talk with your mouse full.嘴里满是东西时不要说话。

2、with + n/pron + adv.With the radio on ,grandma slept deeply in the chair.收音机开者，奶奶在椅子里沉沉的睡着。

With Tom away , I always feel lonely.汤母不在，我一直感觉孤独。

3、with + n/pron + done

The fellow stood there with his hands crossed.这个家伙两手交叉，站在那里。

The peasants have a good harvest with all the crops got in.庄稼都收割了，农民们有了一个好收成。

4、with + n/pron + to do

With this book to help you , you can finish your work as soon as possible.有这本书来帮忙，你能尽快完成工作。

With so many problems to settle ,the new manager was too worried to eat anything.有着太多问题要去处理，新经理担忧的吃不下任何东西。

5、with + n/pron + n

The old man looks down upon everyone ,with his son chairman of the company.因为他儿子是公司的主席，这个老头瞧不起任何人。

He was taken to hospital with his legs a mass of bleeding flesh.他被抬到医院，他的腿血肉模糊。

6、with + n/pron + 介词短语

The man left the meeting with a book in his hand.这个男人手里拿着书离开了会议。

The woman with a diamond necklace around the neck must be wealthy.那个脖子上带项链的女人一定很有钱。

十、with其他用法主要出现在一些常用词和习语中，记住其特定含义即可。如： It is a long time not to get in touch with Tom.很长时间没有和汤母取得联系了。

Down with imperialism.打倒帝国主义。