初中英语常见混易基础词汇学习小结

第一篇：初中英语常见混易基础词汇学习小结

初中英语常见混易基础词汇学习小结

1.Shall I…? Will you…?

Shall I…? 征求对方意见或向对方请示，意为我能…吗？ Will you…? 请求或建议对方做某事，意为你愿意…吗？Will you help me? Yes, I will.2.amount, number amount后接不可数名词，number后接可数名词 a number of students 3.incident, accident incident指小事件, accident指不幸的事故He was killed in the accident.4.family, house, home home 家，包括住处和家人，house房子，住宅，family家庭成员.My family is a happy one.5.sound, voice, noise sound自然界各种各样的声音，voice人的嗓音，noise噪音I hate the loud noise outside.6.photo, picture, drawing photo用照相机拍摄的照片，picture可指相片，图片，电影片，drawing画的画 Let's go and see a good picture.7.vocabulary, word vocabulary词汇，一个人拥有的单词量，word具体的单词He has a large vocabulary.8.population, people population人口，人数，people具体的人 China has a large population.9.weather, climate weather一天内具体的天气状况，climate长期的气候状况 The climate here is not good for you.10.road, street, path, way road具体的公路，马路，street街道，path小路，小径，way道路，途径

take this road;in the street, show me the way to the museum.11.course, subject course课程（可包括多门科目），subject科目（具体的学科）a summer course 12.custom, habit custom传统风俗，习俗，也可指生活习惯，后接to do，habit生活习惯，习惯成自然，后接of doing.I've got the habit of drinking a lot.13.cause, reason cause 指造成某一事实或现象的直接原因，后接of sth./doing sth，reason用来解释某种现象或结果的理由，后接for sth./doing sth.the reason for being late 14.exercise, exercises, practice exercise运动，锻炼（不可数），exercises练习（可数），practice（反复做的）练习Practice makes perfect.15.class, lesson 作“课”解时,两者可以替换.指课文用lesson.指班级或全体学生用class.lesson 6;class 5 16.speech, talk, lecture speech指在公共场所所做的经过准备的较正式的演说，talk日常生活中的一般的谈话，讲话，lecture学术性的演讲，讲课 a series of lecture on… 17.officer, official officer部队的军官，official政府官员 an army officer 18.work, job 二者均指工作。work不可数，job可数 a good job 19.couple, pair couple主要指人或动物，pair多指由两部分组成的东西 a pair of trousers 20.country, nation, state, land country侧重指版图，疆域，nation指人民，国民，民族，state侧重指政府，政体，land国土，国家 The whole nation was sad at the news.21.cook, cooker cook厨师，cooker厨具 He is a good cook.22.damage, damages damage不可数名词, 损害，损失;damages复数形式, 赔偿金 $900 damages 23.police, policeman police警察的总称，后接复数谓语动词，policeman 指某个具体的警察 The police are questioning everyone in the house.24.problem, question problem常和困难连系，前面的动词常为think about, solve, raise，question常和疑问连系，多和ask, answer连用 25.man, a man man人类，a man一个男人 Man will conquer nature.26.chick, chicken 二者均可指小鸡，chicken还可以当鸡肉 The chicken is delicious.27.telegram, telegraph 当电报解时，telegram指具体的，telegraph指抽象的 a telegram, by telegraph 28.trip, journey, travel, voyage travel是最常用的，trip指短期的旅途，journey指稍长的旅途，voyage指海上航行 a three-day trip 29.sport, game sport多指户外的游戏或娱乐活动，如打球，游泳，打猎，赛马等；game指决定胜负的游戏，通常有一套规则 His favorite sport is swimming.30.price, prize price价格，prize奖，奖品，奖金 win the first prize The price is high/low.31.a number of, the number of a number of许多，谓语动词用复数。the number of…的数目，谓语动词用单数。The number of students is increasing.32.in front of, in the front of in front of范围外的前面，in the front of范围内的前面 In the front of the room sits a boy.33.of the day, of a day of the day每一天的，当时的，当代的，of a day暂时的，不长久的 a famous scientist of the day 34.three of us, the three of us three of us我们（不止三个）中的三个，the three of us我们三个（就三个人）The three of us---Tom, Jack and I went to the cinema.35.by bus, on the bus by bus表手段，方式，不用冠词，on the bus表范围 They went there by bus.36.for a moment, for the moment for a moment 片刻，一会儿，for the moment暂时，一时 Thinking for a moment, he agreed.37.next year, the next year next year将来时间状语，the next year过去将来时间状语 He said he would go abroad the next year.38.more than a year, more than one year more than a year一年多，more than one year超过一年（两年或三年等）39.take advice, take the(one's)advice take advice征求意见，take the advice接受忠告 He refused to take the advice and failed again.40.take air, take the air take air传播，走漏，take the air到户外去，散步 We take the air every day.41.in a word, in words in a word总之，一句话，in words口头上 In a word, you are right.42.in place of, in the place of in place of代替，in the place of在…地方 A new building is built in the place of the old one.43.in secret, in the secret in secret秘密地，暗自地，偷偷地，一般用作状语；in the secret知道内情，知道秘密，一般用作表语 My mother was in the secret from the beginning.44.a girl, one girl a girl可泛指所有女孩, one girl一个女孩 Can one girl carry such a big box? 45.take a chair, take the chair take a chair相当于sit down坐下，take the chair开始开会 46.go to sea, by sea, by the sea go to sea当海员，出航，by sea乘船，由海路，by the sea在海边 go by sea 47.the doctor and teacher, the doctor and the teacher the doctor and teacher指一个人，既是医生又是老师，the doctor and the teacher两个人，一个医生和一个老师 the doctor and teacher is 48.in office, in the office in office在职的，in the office在办公室里 He is in office, not out of office.49.in bed, on the bed in bed卧在床上，on the bed在床上 The book is on the bed.He is ill in bed.50.in charge of, in the charge of in charge of管理，负责照料，in the charge of由……照料 He is in charge of the matter.The matter is in the charge of her.51.in class, in the class in class在课上，in the class在班级里 He is the best student in the class.52.on fire, on the fire on fire着火,on the fire在火上 Put the food on the fire.The house is on fire.53.out of question, out of the question out of question毫无疑问的，out of the question不可能的 54.a second, the second a second又一，再一，the second第…… He won the second prize.55.by day, by the day by day白天，by the day按天计算 The workers are paid by the day.56.the people, a people the people指人，a people指民族 The Chinese is a peace-loving people.57.it, one it同一物体，one同类不同一 I lost my pen.I have to buy a new one.58.that, this that指代上文所提到的，this导出下文所要说的 I was ill.That's why… 59.none, nothing, no one none强调有多少，nothing, no one强调有没有，nothing指物，no one指人

---How many…/How much…?---None.60.anyone, any one anyone指人，不能接of，any one指人物均可，可接of any one of you 61.who, what who指姓名或关系，what指职业或地位 What is your dad? He is a teacher.62.what, which what的选择基础是无限制的，which在一定范围内进行选择 Which do you prefer, bananas or apples? 63.other, another other后接名词复数，another后接名词单数 other students, another student 64.not a little, not a bit not a little非常，not a bit一点也不 I'm not a bit tired.我一点儿也不累。65.many, much, a lot of many和可数名词连用，much和不可数名词连用，a lot of可数，不可数均可，但不用于否定句 I haven't many books.66.much more…than, many more…than

much more…than后接形容词或不可数名词，many more…than后接可数名词 many more people, much more water, much more beautiful 67.no, not no=not a/any no friend=not a/any friend no water=not any water 68.no more than, not more than no more than相当于only，仅仅，只有，not more than 至多，不超过 69.majority, most majority只能修饰可数名词，most可数不可数均可 the majority of people 70.by oneself, for oneself, to oneself, of oneself by oneself单独的，独自的，for oneself为自己，to oneself供自己用的，of oneself 自行的，自动的 The door opened of itself.71.at all, after all at all根本，全然, after all到底，毕竟 After all he is a child.72.tall, high tall常指人或动物，high常指物体 He is tall.73.fast, quickly fast侧重于指人或物体具有运动速度快的特点，quickly侧重指某事完成或发生的快 run fast, answer the question quickly 74.high, highly high具体的高，highly抽象的高，高度的 think highly of 75.healthy, healthful healthy健康的，健壮的，healthful有益于健康的 healthful exercise 76.sleeping, asleep, sleepy sleeping正在睡觉，asleep睡着，熟睡，只能做表语，sleepy困的，有睡意的 a sleeping baby The baby is asleep.I'm sleepy.77.gold, golden gold指真金制品，golden指金色的，但金鱼用gold fish a gold ring 78.most, mostly most用于表感受的肯定句中，相当于very，当大部分，大多数解时是形容词或名词，mostly大部分,是副词 most people, the people are mostly… 79.just, very just表强调时是副词，作状语，very表强调时是形容词，用作定语 the very man, just the man 80.wide, broad wide侧重于一边到另一边的距离，broad侧重于幅面的宽广broad shoulders 81.real, true

real真的，真实的，指的是事实上存在而不是想象的，true真的，真正的，指的是事实和实际情况相符合 real gold, a true story 82.respectful, respectable

respectful尊敬，有礼貌，respectable可敬的，值得尊敬的 be respectful to the aged 83.outwards, outward

二者均可用作副词，表示向外，外面，outward还可用作形容词 an outward voyage 84.pleasant, pleased, pleasing

pleasant常用作定语，pleased, pleasing常用作表语，pleased主语常为人，pleasing主语常为物 a pleasant trip The trip is pleasing.85.understanding, understandable

understanding明白事理的，能体谅的，understandable 可理解的，能够懂的 an understanding girl, an understandable mistake 86.close, closely

close接近，*近，closely紧紧地，紧密地 closely connected, stand close 87.ill, sick

ill做表语，sick定，表均可 a sick boy 88.good, well

good形容词，well副词，但指身体状况是形容词 He is well again.89.quiet, silent, still

quiet安静的，可以发出小的声音，silent不发出声音，但可以动，still完全不动，完全无声响 He stand there still.他站在那儿，一动不动，也不说话。90.hard, hardly

hard努力，hardly几乎不 work hard I can hardly believe it.91.able, capable

able与不定式to do连用，capable与of连用 He is capable of doing… 92.almost, nearly

二者均为“几乎,差不多” 和否定词连用用almost almost nobody 93.late, lately

late迟，晚，lately最近，近来 I haven't seen him lately.94.living, alive, live, lively

living, alive, live均为活着的，living定表均可，alive定表均可，定语后置，live只能做定语，lively意为活波的 all the living people=all the people alive 95.excited, exciting

excited使人兴奋的，exciting令人兴奋的 I'm excited.The news is exciting.96.deep, deeply

deep具体的深，deeply抽象的深，深深地 deeply moved, dig deep 97.aloud, loud

aloud出声地，loud大声地 read aloud(出声地读)98.worth, worthy

二者均为值得，worth后接doing，worthy后接to be done, of being done

It is worth visiting.= It's worthy to be visited.= It's worthy of being visited.99.bad, badly

bad形容词，badly副词，不好，但与need, want, require连用为“很，非常” go bad I need the book badly.100.before long, long before

before long不久以后，long before很久以前 not long before = before long

101.quite, rather

quite完全地，相当于completely, rather修饰比较级 quite impossible 102.happy, glad

happy高兴，幸福，定表均可，glad高兴，只能做表语 a happy girl 103.instead, instead of

instead是副词，放在句首或句末，instead of是介词短语，放在句中He didn't see a film.Instead he watched TV.He watched TV instead of seeing a film.104.too much, much too

too much 后接不可数名词，much too后接形容词 much too heavy 105.be about to, be going to, be to do

be about to表最近的将来，后面不接时间状语，be going to 侧重打算，想法，be to do侧重意志，计划，安排I'm to meet him.(含双方事先约好的意思)106.raise, rise

raise及物动词，rise不及物动词 The sun rises in the east.107.bring, take, carry, fetch

bring拿来，take带走，carry随身携带，fetch去回这一往返动作 fetch a box of chalk 108.spend, take, pay, cost

spend人做主语，花钱，花时间;spend…on sth./in doing sth;take物做主语，花时间;pay人做主语，花钱，pay for;cost物做主语，花钱 109.join, join in, take part in

join加入某个组织，并成为其中的一员；join in参加小型的活动, join sb.in；take part in 参加大型的活动 He joined the army five years ago.110.learn, study

learn学习，侧重学习的结果，study学习，侧重学习的过程，研究

study the problem 111.want, hope, wish

want打算，想要，want to do, want sb.to do, hope希望（通常可以实现），hope to do/ hope that… wish希望（通常不能实现）wish(sb.)to do, wish sb/sth.+ n.I wish you success.112.discover, invent, find out

discover发现本来存在但不为人所知的东西，invent发明本来不存在的物体，find out发现，查明 At last he found out the truth.113.answer, reply

answer及物动词，reply不及物动词，后接 to reply to the letter 114.leave, leave for

leave离开，leave for前往 He left Beijing for Shanghai.115.rob, steal

rob抢劫 rob sb.of sth.，steal偷 steal sth.from sb.116.shoot, shoot at

shoot射死，shoot at瞄准，但不一定射中 He shot the bird and it died.117.drop, fall

drop及物不及物均可，fall不及物动词 Prices fell/dropped.He dropped his voice.118.search, search for

search后接地点，search for后接东西 He searched his pocket for money.119.used to, be used to

used to过去常常，be used to习惯于，后接sth./doing sth.；被用来，后接 do sth.He is used to getting up early.120.win, lose, beat

win后接sth.，反义词为lose, beat后接sb.win the game, beat them 121.live on, live by

live on以…为主食，live by*…谋生 live on fish/ live by fishing 122.beat, hit, strike

beat连续性地击打；hit打中，对准打；strike打一下或若干下 beat the wings 123.meet, meet with

meet遇到，meet with体验到，遭遇到 meet with an accident 124.lose, miss

lose失去（具体的物体），错过 sth.is lost, lose the chance；miss 想念，错过sth.is missing, miss the chance

125.be tired of, be tired with/from

be tired of厌烦…，be tired with/from因为…而累了 be tired with/from running 800 meters 126.care about, care for

care about关心，计较，在乎，一般多用于否定句中；care for关心，照料，喜欢，愿意 He doesn't care about his clothes.I don't care for movies.127.catch a cold, have a cold

catch a cold不能和表示“一段时间”的状语连用，而have a cold可以

She has had a cold for a week.128.change for, change into

change for调换成，change into变成 Change the shirt for a bigger one.Water changes into ice.129.continue, last

二者均为持续，continue主动，被动均可，last只能用主动 The war continued/lasted five years.The story is to be continued.130.feed, raise

feed喂养，养活，饲养(to give food to)，raise饲养，养育(cause to grow, bring up children)raise the family 131.go for a doctor, go to a doctor

go for a doctor去请医生，go to a doctor去看病 132.notice, observe, catch sight of

notice注意到，observe观察，仔细地看，catch sight of突然看到 observe the stars 133.insist on, stick to

insist on坚持要求，后常接doing, stick to坚持, 后常接sth.stick to the plan 134.look, seem, appear

look指从外表上看，seem指内心的判断，appear指给人以表面的印象 appear wise, look like his father 135.gather, collect

gather把分散的东西集中到一起，collect指精心地、有选择地进行收集 collect stamps 136.mean to do, mean doing

mean to do打算，想要做某事，mean doing意思是，意味着 By this I mean giving the students more practice.137.die from, die of

die from表示死于（枪）伤，虚弱，过度劳累，饮食过度等，die of表示死于疾病，饥饿，寒冷，年老，忧愁，失恋等精神因素 die of hunger and cold 138.pay for, pay back, pay off

pay for为…付钱，pay back还钱，但不一定还清，pay off还清 pay for the book, pay off the debt 139.divide, separate

divide把一个整体分成几部分，separate把连在一起的个体分开 divide the apple, separate the houses 140.arrive, get, reach

arrive不及物动词，后接in(大地点)，at(小地点)，get不及物动词后接to，reach及物动词 arrive in Beijing, get to Beijing, reach Beijing 141.grow, plant

grow使某种植物在某地生长着或使其发展下去，plant移植，移栽已经长成秧苗的植物 plant the trees, trees are growing 142.manage, try

manage to do设法做成了某事，try to do尽力去做某事但不一定成功 He tried to pass the exam, but he failed.143.choose, select

choose凭个人的判断力进行选择，select有目的地仔细认真地选择 choose the best answer 144.build, put up, set up, found

build一般用语，建成，put up临时搭建，set up建成（内部的设施基本齐全），found国家或组织的建成 put up a tent, set up a school 145.be familiar to, be familiar with

be familiar to某物对某人来说是熟悉的，be familiar with某人熟悉某物 The book is familiar to me.I'm familiar with the book.146.agree with, agree to, agree on

agree with同意某人，agree to同意某事，agree on在…上达成一致意见，主语是复数 agree with you, agree to the plan 147.throw to, throw at

throw to扔到…, throw at朝…扔 He throw a stone at me.148.receive, accept

receive收到某一东西，但不一定接受，accept接受 I received a gift, but I didn't accept it.149.wear, put on, dress

wear和dress表状态,wear接衣服等,可用进行时，dress接人,be dressed in, put on表动作 It's cold outside.Put on your warm clothes.150.listen, hear

listen强调动作，hear强调结果 I listened, but I heard nothing.151.look, see, watch

look看的动作，see看的结果，watch强调所看物体的变化、移动和发展watch TV 152.lie, lay

lie躺，位于(lay, lain),说谎(lied, lied)，lay平放(laid, laid)lay the book 153.work as, act as

work as工作是…，act as充当某种职务或身份，或扮演某种角色 He works as a teacher.He acts as an interpreter.154.move, remove

move动一动，但不一定移走，remove从一处移到另一处 remove the table to the kitchen 155.hurt, injure, wound

hurt感情上受伤，injure事故中受伤，wound战争中受伤 He was wounded in the war.156.turn, get, grow

turn表突变，后常接表颜色的词，get强调变的结果，grow强调过程，逐渐的变化 turn yellow, get tired, grow big 157.close, shut, turn off

close和shut当关解时可以通用，用于可开合的物体，turn off用于指有开关的物体 Close/Shut the door.Turn off the TV.158.set out, set about, set off

指出发，着手解时，set out 后接 to do，set about 后接doing, set off 后接 for sp.159.begin, start

begin侧重时间的开始，反义词为end，start侧重由静到动的转折，反义词为stop，Class begins at 7:30a.m.160.happen, take place

happen偶然性的没有预料到的事情的发生，take place必然性的发生 Great changes have taken place in my hometown.161.at, in(表地点)

at小地点，in大地点 arrive at a small village, arrive in Shanghai 162.at work, in work at work在工作，在上班，in work 有职业，有工作 Both my parents are at work.They are not at home.163.increase to, increase by

increase to增长到…，increase by增长了… The number increased by 2,000 to 5,000.164.at ease, with ease

at ease舒适地，安逸地；with ease容易地，无困难地 do it with ease 165.day after day, day by day

day after day日复一日（无变化）；day by day一天天地（有变化）Trees grow taller day by day.166.like, as

like相似关系，但并不等同，as同一关系，两者实为一体 Don't treat me as a child.(In fact, I'm a child.)167.after, in(表时间)

after接时间点，in接时间段 after 7:00, in five minutes 168.between, among

between两者之间，三者或三者以上两两之间, among三者或三者以上之间

Switzerland lies between France, Germany, Australia and Italy.169.after, behind(表位置)

after强调次序的先后，behind强调物体静态位置的前后 There are many trees behind the house.170.since, for(完成时间状语)

since接点时间或一句话，for接一段时间 for three years, since 3:00 171.on the corner, in the corner, at the corner

on the corner物体表面的角上，in the corner物体内部的角落里，at the corner物体外部的角落上（拐角处）on the corner of the table 172.warn sb.of, warn sb.against

warn sb.of提醒某人注意某事，warn sb.against提醒某人不要做某事 warm him against swimming in that part of the river 173.at peace, in peace

at peace平静地，in peace和平地 live in peace with one's neighbors 174.on earth, on the earth, in the earth

on earth在世上，在人间，到底，究竟，一点也不，on the earth在地上，在地球上，in the earth在地下，在泥土里 no use on earth 175.in surprise, to one's surprise, by surprise

in surprise惊奇地，to one's surprise使某人吃惊的是，by surprise使…惊慌 The question took the professor by surprise.176.in the air, on the air, in the sky

in the air正在酝酿中，on the air播送，广播，in the sky在天空中 His show is on the air at 6:00 tonight.177.in the field, on the field

in the field在野外，on the field在战场上 He lost his life on the field.178.in the market, on the market

in the market表示场所或地点，在市场上，on the market出售 He sells fish in the market.Fresh vegetables are on the market now.179.in the sun, under the sun

in the sun在阳光下，under the sun地球上，全世界 people under the sun 180.in a voice, with one voice

in a voice出声地，with one voice异口同声地 They refused with one voice.181.through, across

through穿越空间，across在…上穿过 through the forest, across the desert 182.on the way, in the way

on the way在前往…的路上，in the way挡路 The chair is in the way.183.above, on, over

above在上面，不接触，on在上面，接触，over在正上方 fly over the hill 184.until, not…until until到…为止，not…until直到…才（常跟点动词连用）I waited until 3:00.He didn't come until 3:00.185.besides, except, except for

besides除了…还（包括在内）except除了（不包括在内），except for整体…除了某一点以外 The composition is good except for a few spelling mistakes.186.weather, if

当是否解时，只有在宾语从句中二者可以互换，其余都用weather，当如果解时用if I don't know if/whether he will come.If he comes, I'll let you know.187.and, or

and并且，or或者，否则，常用于否定句中 I don't like apples or bananas.Hurry up and you'll catch the bus.Hurry up or you'll miss the bus.188.because, since, as, for

原因由强到弱为：because, since/as, for.在句中的位置如下：1)…because… 2)Since/as…, … 3)…, for… Since I was ill, I didn't go.189.when, as, while(表时间)

when从句动词点动词，持续性动词均可，as重在表示动作同时发生，伴随进行，while从句动词为持续性动词 While I slept, a thief broke in.190.the same…as, the same…that

the same…as和…一样的（相似但不同一），the same…that 同一物体 This is the same pen that I used yesterday.(同一支笔)191.as well, as well as

as well也，常放于句末，和and连用表示既…又；as well as并列连词，不但…而且… He is a professor, and a writer as well.192.such…as, such…that

such…as像…样的，such…that如此…以至于 He is not such a fool as he looks like.He is such a good student that all the teachers like him.193.because, because of

because连词，连接两句话，because of介词短语，后接词或短语 He didn't go to school because of his illness.194.in order that, in order to

表目的，in order that后接句子，in order to后接动词原形 I got up early in order to catch the first bus.I got up early so that I could catch the first bus.195.for example, such as

for example一般只列举一个，such as列举多个例子 I have been to a lot of American cities, such as New York, Atlanta and Chicago.196.used to, would

表过去常常，和现在相对应用used to，不提现在用would I used to get up early, but now I don't.197.All right.That's all right.That's right.All right.That's all right.当好吧解时，可以替换；当不客气，没关系解时只能用That's all right.That's right.那是对的---Sorry.---That's all right.198.such…that, so…that

当如此…以至于解时，such…that修饰名词，so…that修饰形容词或副词，但名词前面如果有many, much, little, few修饰用so…that，不用such that

so many people that… such a lovely boy=so lovely a boy 199.so + be(have, can, do)+主语，neither(nor)+ be(have, can, do)+ 主语

也一样，肯定用so…否定用neither(nor)---I can't play tennis.---Nor can I.200.too much 常常用来修饰名词。too much money.much too 常常用来修饰形容词或副词。much too expensive.

第二篇：高中英语易混易错词汇小结(二)

高中英语易混易错词汇小结

（二）<李雨制作>

51.in class, in the class

in class 在课上，in the class 在班级里，如：He is the best student in the class.52.on fire, on the fire

on fire 着火，on the fire 在火上，如：Put the food on the fire.The house is on fire.53.out of question, out of the question

out of question 毫无疑问的，out of the question 不可能的。

54.a second, the second

a second 又

一、再一，the second 第„„，如：He won the second prize.55.by day, by the day

by day 白天，by the day 按天计算，如：The workers are paid by the day.56.the people, a people

the people指人，a people指民族，如：The Chinese is a peace-loving people.57.it, one

it 指同一物体，one指同类不同一，如：I lost my pen.I have to buy a new one.58.that, this

that指代上文所提到的，this导出下文所要说的，如：I was ill.That's why„

59.none, nothing, no one

none强调有多少，nothing, no one强调有没有，nothing指物，no one指人。---How many„/How much„?

---None.60.anyone, any one

anyone指人，不能接of；any one指人、物均可，可接of，如：any one of you。

61.who, what

who指姓名或关系，what指职业或地位，如：

---What is your dad?

---He is a teacher.62.what, which

what的选择基础是无限制的，which在一定范围内进行选择，如：Which do you prefer, bananas or apples?

63.other, another

other后接名词复数，another后接名词单数，如：other students, another student

64.not a little, not a bit

not a little 非常，not a bit 一点也不，如：I’m not a bit tired.我一点儿也不累。

65.many, much, a lot of

many和可数名词连用，much和不可数名词连用，a lot of 可数、不可数均可，但不用于否定句，如：I haven’t many books.66.much more„than, many more„than

much more„than后接形容词或不可数名词，many more„than后接可数名词，如：many more people, much more water, much more beautiful。

67.no, not

no=not a/any，如：no friend=not a/any friendno water=not any water。

68.no more than, not more than

no more than相当于only，“仅仅、只有”，not more than “至多，不超过”。

69.majority, most

majority只能修饰可数名词，most修饰可数、不可数均可，如：the majority of people。

70.by oneself, for oneself, to oneself, of oneself

by oneself 单独的、独自的，for oneself 为自己，to oneself 供自己用的，of oneself 自行的、自动的，如：The door opened of itself.71.at all, after all

at all 根本、全然，after all到底、毕竟，如：After all he is a child.72.tall, high

tall常指人或动物，high常指物体，如：He is tall.73.fast, quickly

fast侧重于指人或物体具有运动速度快的特点，quickly侧重指某事完成或发生的快，如：run fast, answer the question quickly。

74.high, highly

high指具体的高，highly指抽象的高、高度的，如：think highly of。

75.healthy, healthful

healthy 健康的、健壮的，healthful 有益于健康的，如：healthful exercise。

76.sleeping, asleep, sleepy

sleeping 正在睡觉，asleep 睡着、熟睡（只能做表语），sleepy困的、有睡意的，如：a sleeping baby The baby is asleep.I'm sleepy.77.gold, golden

gold指真金制品，golden指金色的，但金鱼用gold fish。如：a gold ring。

78.most, mostly

most用于表感受的肯定句中，相当于very，当“大部分、大多数”解时是形容词或名词；mostly“大部分”，是副词，如：most people, the people are mostly„

79.just, very

just表强调时是副词，作状语；very表强调时是形容词，用作定语。如：the very man, just the man。

80.wide, broad

wide侧重于一边到另一边的距离，broad侧重于幅面的宽广，如：broad shoulders。

81.real, true

real“真的、真实的”，指的是事实上存在而不是想象的；true“真的、真正的”，指的是事实和实际情况相符合。如：real gold, a true story。

82.respectful, respectable

respectful 尊敬、有礼貌，respectable 可敬的、值得尊敬的，如：be respectful to the aged。

83.outwards, outward

二者均可用作副词，表示“向外、外面”，outward还可用作形容词，如：an outward voyage。

84.pleasant, pleased, pleasing

pleasant常用作定语，pleased, pleasing常用作表语，pleased主语常为人，pleasing主语常为物，如：a pleasant trip，The trip is pleasing.85.understanding, understandable

understanding 明白事理的、能体谅的，understandable 可理解的、能够懂的，如：an understanding girl, an understandable mistake。

86.close, closely

close接近、靠近，closely紧紧地、紧密地，如：closely connected, stand close。

87.ill, sick

ill做表语，sick做定语、表语均可，如：a sick boy。

88.good, well

good是形容词；well是副词，但指身体状况时是形容词，如：He is well again.89.quiet, silent, still

quiet指安静的，可以发出小的声音；silent指不发出声音，但可以动；still指完全不动，完全无声响。如：He stand there still.他站在那儿，一动不动，也不说话。

90.hard, hardly

hard努力，hardly几乎不，如：work hard，I can hardly believe it.91.able, capable

able与不定式to do连用，capable与of连用，如：He is capable of doing„

92.almost, nearly

二者均为“几乎、差不多”，和否定词连用用，如：almost nobody。

93.late, lately

late迟、晚，lately最近、近来，如：I haven't seen him lately.94.living, alive, live, lively

living, alive, live均为“活着的”。living做定语、表语均可；alive做定语、表语均可，定语后置；live只能做定语；lively意为活泼的，如：all the living people=all the people alive。

95.excited, exciting

excited（人）兴奋的，exciting（事、物）令人兴奋的，如：I'm excited.The news is exciting.96.deep, deeply

deep指具体的深，deeply指抽象的深、深深地，如：deeply moved, dig deep。

97.aloud, loud

aloud出声地，loud大声地，如：read aloud（出声地读）。

98.worth, worthy

二者均为“值得”，worth后接doing，worthy后接to be done, of being done，如：It is worth visiting.= It's worthy to be visited.= It's worthy of being visited.99.bad, badly

bad为形容词；badly为副词，意为“不好”，但与need, want, require连用为“很、非常”，如：go bad／I need the book badly.100.before long, long before

before long 不久以后，long before 很久以前，如：not long before = before long。

第三篇：常见易混实词辨析整理版

常见易混实词辨析

1．包含：包容含有。

包涵：原谅、宽恕。

2．暴发：突然猛烈的发生或以不正当的手段发财。如山洪、流行病、雪崩。

爆发：由于爆炸而突发或发生重大事变。如战争、火山、革命、大笑。3．本义：词的本来意义，与引申义、比喻义相对。

本意：心里本来的想法、目的。

4．必须：副词，用在动词之前，表示“一定要“。

必需：动词，“一定要有“，可做谓语，如：适当的休息也必需；多作定语，如：必需的素质。5．辨证：辨析考证。如：科学家多方辨证。也是中医术语：辨证用药。辩证：哲学术语。如：辩证唯物主义。也同“辨证”第一义。6．不力：不尽力。如：措施不力。

不利：没好处，不顺利。如：出师不利。

7．不至（不至于）：不会达到某种程度。如：绝不至于到你说的那种程度。

不致（不致于）：不会引发某种后果。如：这点灾害不致影响今年的收成。8．长年：一年到头，整年。如：这座山长年积雪。

常年：①终年、常期，如：老刘常年坚持长跑。②平常年份，如：这块地常年产量不过400斤。9．弛缓：放松、缓和，如：紧张的情绪慢慢弛缓下来。

迟缓：缓慢，与“迅速”相对。如：病人迟缓地迈着步子。10．处世：指人事交往、参加社会活动。如：为人处事。

处事：办事、处理事务。如：老王处事认真，从不马虎。

11．伺候：可用于人，不分地位高低；也可用于牲畜等。如：伺候病人。

侍候：用于对长辈或地位高者。12．次序：先后顺序。

秩序：有条理、不混乱的情况。13．大事：重大或重要的事。

大势：事情发展的趋势。14．大义：大道理，如：深明大义。

大意：主要的或大概的意思。

15．度过：用于时间方面。如：度过了一个难忘的春节。

渡过：用于有水面的空间或难点、危机、困难时期。如：渡过黄河，渡过难关。

16．反映：①反射。②把客观事物的实质表现出来。③把情况或意见告诉上级或有关部门。如：居民向街道反映楼前乱停车的问题。

反应：①受到刺激而引起的相应活动，如：药物反应。②物质相互作用引起的变化，如：化学反应。③事情引起的意见、态度或行为，如：群众对这个政策反应强烈。

17．妨害：使受损害。如：过量的防腐剂妨害健康。

妨碍：使不能顺利进行。如：妨碍交通。

18．分辩：辩白、解释。如：不由分辩。

分辨：区分辨别。如：你能分辨出这两种颜色吗？ 19．个别：单个，极少数。如：个别现象。

各别：各不相同，有分别或特别。如：各别对待。20．工夫：指占用的空闲或时间。

功夫：耗费的时间或精力，也指本领和武术。

（辨：表示武术用“功夫”，在时间和本领上两词通用，但“工夫”多指时间，“功夫”多指本领或造诣。）21．过度：形容词，过分。

过渡：发展变化到另一个阶段。

22．宏大：侧重于规模大，常用于建筑物、队伍、场面、理想。

洪大：声音大而响亮。

23．化装：为不被人识别或演戏而改变装束。

化妆：为更美丽而打扮修饰。

24．校正：校对更正文字、位置上的偏差和错误。

矫正：纠正生理毛病和错误偏差。

25．截止：不再向前延伸，不带时间宾语，但可以说“截止到×月×日”。

截至：暂时切断，并未终止。一定要带时间宾语，说成“截至×月×日”。26．精炼：提炼精华，除去杂质，动词。

精练：说话作文扼要简单，形容词。

27．考查：①考核检查。②考证。

考察：①实地观察调查。②深刻观察了解。③考验审察。28．里程：路程。

历程：经历的过程。

29．利害：名词，利益和损害。如：利害关系。

厉害：形容词，凶猛、剧烈。如：车摇晃得很厉害。30．留连（流连）：舍不得离开。如：美好的景色让人留连忘返。

留恋：动词，对象为祖国、故乡、母校、亲人、生命等。31．牟（móu）取：限于名利，贬义。如：牟取暴利。

谋取：对象宽泛，中性。

32．品位：名词。①官阶。②物品或文艺作品的质量。如：这场音乐会很有品位。

品味：动词。①尝味道。②仔细体会。如：品味人生。33．启示：启发指示。如：这一事件给我们很多启示。

启事：一种公告性文字。如：张贴启事。34．情义：侧重于亲友同志间应有的情感。

情谊：侧重于友谊。

情意：侧重于心意，有时专指爱情。

35．权利：侧重于利益，与“义务”相对。如：公民的权利和义务。

权力：侧重于政治上的强制力量。

36．实验：对科学理论进行实际验证，如：化学实验。

试验：对某事物的结果、性能进行试探性观察，如：试验一下，看看这个话筒能不能用。37．题材：作品的材料内容。

体裁：作品的表现形式，如：他喜欢用小说体裁来写作。38．体形：身体形状，如：体形匀称。

体型：身体类型，如：特殊体型。

39．停止：不再进行。

停滞：受阻碍而不能顺利发展。如：因为资金问题，工程停滞了三个月。

40．无礼：如：傲慢无礼。

无理：如：无理取闹。

41．协调：形容词，侧重步调一致，有条不紊。还可以作动词用。如：协调各部门的关系。

谐调：侧重于比例匀称，常用于声音、颜色、气氛等。

42．学力：在学问上达到的程度，如：大学同等学力者都可报考。

学历：学习经历，指持有何级学校的文凭。43．幽雅：环境幽静雅致。如：环境幽雅。

优雅：举止言谈有风度。如：举止优雅。

44．以至：①表示时间数量范围的延伸。②表示上文情况的结果。

以致：表示上文情况造成的不好的结果。45．终生：多就事业而言，如：奋斗终生。

终身：一生，一辈子（多就切身的事说），如：终身大事。

第四篇：[基础词汇] 英语四级考试常见易混淆近义词

[基础词汇] 英语四级考试常见易混淆近义词

1..ability n.能力,本领,技巧~to do sth.capability n.才能,可能性,性能~ to do/of doing sth.capacity n.容量,潜能,智能~to do/for doing sth.2.able adj.能干的,有能力的~to do sth.capable adj.能胜任的,有可能的~of doing sth.competent adj.能胜任的,(知识技术)过硬的~ to do/for sth.qualified adj.符合资格/条件的~for sth./in doing sth.3.absence n.缺席,不在,缺乏(证据,理由)lack n.缺少,没有(信心,经验)want n.需要,缺乏(知识,关心)4.accept vt.接受(可拒绝)receive vt.(无法拒绝地)收到 5.accident n.意外事故,灾祸 incident n.事件,事变,(政治)事端 event n.大事,重大事件

occurrence n.偶然发生之事6.accomplish vt.完成 achieve vt.获得(成就)attain vt.达到(目标)7.accordingly adv.(自然而平常的因果)于是,据此 consequently adv.(未必必然之)结果,因此(=as a result)hence adv.(为强调前因之)因而,所以,这样(thus)therefore adv.(作为必然结果/结论)因此(because of this)8.accurate adj.(话、计算等)准确,精确的 exact adj.(数字、细节)与事实/标准相符的,确切的 precise adj.精确严密的,严谨无误的 9.accuse v.控告(~sb.of…)charge v.控告(~sb.with…)scold v.责备(~sb.for…)sentence v.判处徒刑(~sb.for…)10.acknowledge v.公开承认(本来否认之事)~ a secret admit v.不情愿、被迫承认(真实性)~ a statement confess v.认错,招供 ~(to);~ a crime11.adapt vt.使(有能力)适应(新环境、条件)adjust vt.(调整以)适应,调节(机器、仪器)regulate vi.校正,调节(温度、速度);控制

12.adequate adj.(相对于某一标准的)足够的,适当的 enough adj.(相对于愿望、要求的)足够的

sufficient adj.(相对于实际需要的)足够的,充分的 13.adhere vi 坚持(原则等~ to)insist vi 坚持(观点等~ on, ~ that)persist vi 坚持(行动等~ in)persevere vi.持之以恒

stick vi 坚持,粘着(原先的立场、主张、承诺等~ to)14.advise v.建议,忠告

counsel n.v.(审慎而正式)忠告,顾问 15.area n.(与面积相关的)地区,区域

region n.(与某天然色、气候相关的)地区,大行政区 zone n.(与地理上、军事、政治、商业等相关的)区

district n 行政划分的区(比region小),(市内的)区16.affect vt.(直接,有形的;不良的,情感的)影响 influence vt.(潜移默化地)影响 impact vt.冲击,(巨大地)影响

17.aid v.(急需的、经济等方面的)援助 assist v.(辅助、次要的)协助,起助手作用 help v.(精神、物质上)帮助(以达到某种目的)18.aim n.(军事,体育)目的,目标,明确的奋斗目标 goal n.(长期努力的)目标,终点

objective n.(具体、直接、很快可达到的)目标,目的 purpose n.意图,目的

19.allow v.(不加阻止、默许)准许,许可~ sb.to do, ~ for permit v.(正式而严肃的)允许,准许~ sb.to do, ~ doing sth.20.alter v.(局部、尺寸等)改变~ a dress改制衣服 change v.(通用词)变化,改变~ a dress换衣服 convert v.(本质、信仰等)转变~ sb./sth.into shift vt.变换(档,速,位置);(并非出于自愿的)改变,更换,转移 transfer vt.搬迁,调动;改转(车票等)vary vi.(一定范围内)变动,变化21.amaze v.(=surprise greatly)使愕然 astonish v.(对无法理解、解释之事的)震惊 surprise v.使吃惊

22.answer v.回答(问题),接(电话),(对敲门等的)答应 reply v.(正式、书面的)答复~ that…, ~ to … respond vi.(口头或行动上的)响应,反应~ to 23.apparatus n.(与某职业相关的)仪器、器械 appliance n.(常~s)电器 equipment n.(不可数)设备,装备 implement n.(大型)工具,(农)具,器具 instrument n.精密仪器,乐器

24.apparent adj.表面的,明显的(←appear)distinct adj.与众不同的,清楚的(→distinctive)evident adj.有证据表明的,显然的(←evidence)obvious adj.显而易见的 25.appear vi.(事物)出现 arise v.(问题等)出现 emerge vi.(从…冒出)~from… happen vi.发生,碰巧

occur vi.发生,想起~to do sth.take place vi.(依据安排等)进行,发生26.appropriate adj.非常匹配的,合适的~for…

fit adj.(衣)合身的;恰当的be ~ to do sth./for sb.proper adj.适合(情理)的,适宜的

suitable adj.与某场合相适应的,恰当的~ for… 27.argue v.(引经据典的)辩论,争论~ for/against… debate v.(公开、正式的)论证,辩论

dispute v.n.(激烈、频繁的)争论,争执,争议 discuss v.讨论

28.arise vi.(问题等)出现 raise vt.提起,抬高,升起 rise vi.升起,上涨 lift vt.提,举,抬起

29.artificial adj.人造的,人工的(仿效自然物)synthetic adj.合成的(通过化学成分组合)false adj.虚假的,错的(←true),代替真的 unnatural adj.不自然的(←natural),做作的 unreal adj.不真实的,虚构的(←real)30.attempt v.企图,试用~ to do sth.endeavor v.努力,尽力~ to do sth.strive v.力争~ for…, ~ to do sth.31.attract vt.吸引,引起,使感兴趣 draw vt.招引,吸住,故意引起注意 32.attract vt.吸引,引诱 charm vt.迷住,使陶醉 fascinate v.使神往,使忘情

33.average adj.(通过数字统计而确定的)一般的,普通的 normal adj.正常的,符合标准的(如体温等)ordinary adj.普通的,平凡的 regular adj.有规律的,经常的

34.aware adj.~ of知道,意识到→unaware不知道 conscious adj.~ of对…有意识→unconscious失去知觉的 35.awful adj.(情感上认为环境等的)可怕的 dreadful adj.(对鬼、死、恶梦等)可怕的

fearful adj.害怕的,担心的36.ban v.严令禁止,查禁 forbid v.不许,禁止(做某事)~sb.to do st.prohibit v.(正式地)(为法律,规章制度所)禁止,制止~ sb.from doing sth.37.bare adj.(表面)光秃的,赤裸的,无装饰的 empty adj.空的(里面没有东西)hollow adj.(中间/里面)空的,有洞的 vacant adj.无人占用的,空着的

38.base n.根基,基座an air base空军基地 basis n.基础,根据on the basis of foundation n.地基,(支持某事、理论的)基础 39.basic adj.根本的,基础的 elementary adj.初步的,基础的(知识)fundamental adj.根本的,首要的 primary adj.最初的,主要的 40.beat v.击败;心跳

knock vi.敲 ~ at;vt.(不小心)碰到 hit v.击中

strike v.打,敲击41.behavior n.(有意或无意的)行为,举止 conduct n.(人的与道德责任相关的)品行,行为,表现 manner n.举止,态度,礼貌 42.belief n.信仰,相信 confidence n.信心,自信 credit n.信誉,(商业)信用 faith n.信任,信念 trust n.信赖,信托

43.career n.事业,(终生或作为事业的)职业 occupation n.(训练有素的正式)工作,职业 profession n.(经专门教育、训练、专业的)职业 trade n.手艺,(手工,简单技术的)职业

44.case n.(需考虑,研究,调查,处理的)事例,实例,案例,病例 instance n.(用作佐证的)例子,例证 sample n.样品,(代表整体的)标本,抽样 specimen n.(动植物)标本;(各自独立的)标本 45.caution vt.提醒(别人提高警惕,预防不测)warn.vt.告诫,警告(别人有危险,或威胁要惩罚)46.certain adj.肯定的,确认的I’m ~that/It is ~that positive adj.确定的,确信的,肯定的(←negative)sure adj.一定的,有把握I’m ~(不能说: It is ~)that 47.certainly adv.当然,无疑 surely adv.(我敢)肯定,定然会

48.chance n.(幸运或偶然),机会by~ 偶然/意外地 occasion n.时机,(某个时刻提供的)机会by~of 由于 opportunity n.(适合某人做某事的)良机,机遇

49.character n.(人、物由charasteristic组成的)总特征 feature n.(部分细节之形状、重要性)特征,脸面特征,五官 characteristic n.(突出而稳定,区别于他人的本质)特征,特点 property n.(物理)属性

50.cheat v.(为私利、不诚实)而欺骗,骗取;作弊 deceive v.(歪曲真相的)欺骗,诱骗

fool v.愚弄,哄骗51.chief adj.(顺序、等级等)首要的,主要的,地位最高的(人)main adj.(只用于物)主要的in the ~基本上

major adj.(规模,数量等超出同类)重大的,较大的,更主要的(←minor)principal adj.(力量、权力、规模等)居于首位的,最主要的,首要(人物)52.claim v.要求(得到),索取,要回(本来属于自己之物)demand v.(以断然之命令)坚决要求,需要 request v.请求,(礼貌、正式的)要求

require v.(作为条件、习惯、法令等的)要求,需要 53.comment n.评论,批评make ~s on commentary n.实况解说词,(对文章、作品的)评语,解释 remark n.(口头、随意的)评论,看法pass/make a ~ on 54.compare v.比较(相同之处)contrast v.对比(差异之处)55.compel v.强迫,使迫不得已~sb.to do sth.oblige v.(常用于因外因、道德、法律等而)不得不be ~d to do56.complex adj.复杂的,难理解的

complicated adj.结构错综的,复杂难懂的

sophisticated adj.(设备)复杂而技术含量高的,复杂高深的 57.compose vt.组成be ~d of comprise vt.由…组成comprise=be comprised of consist vi.由…组成~ of 58.conceive v.构思,想象出

fancy v.(异想天开地)想象,梦想,遐想 imagine v.随意设想,任意相象 59.conclude v.推断出(结论)deduce v.(演绎式)推论

infer v.(由事实证据)推论,推测

60.conference n.商讨会,研究会,记者招待会 congress n.代表大会,国会 gathering n.聚会,集会

meeting n.一般会议,碰头会61.considerable adj.相当(大、多)的,可观的 considerate adj.(对他人感情、处境)考虑周到的,体贴的a ~ wife thoughtful adj.(无私)关心他人的,体贴他人的a ~ gift 62.constant adj.经常不变的,固定的;稳定的 continual adj.不断的,频繁,反复的(有间断)continuous adj.连续的,持续的(无间断)consistent adj.始终如一的,一致的

63.contain vt.包含,容纳(某些内容、细节→content)embrace vt.囊括,包括(所有应包容之物)include vt.包括(要素)involve vt.(性质的)包括,涉及

64.contemporary adj.当代的,现代的(包括目前在内的历史时期)current adj.现行的,当前的,目前的;流行的 modern adj.时髦的,现代的(历史上的一个时期)65.continually adv.不断地,老是(但有间断)continuously adv.一直,连续不断地 gradually adv.逐渐地

unceasingly adv.无休止地66.controversial adj.有争议的 contradictory adj.相矛盾的,对立的 contrary adj.(观点,说法)opposite adj.(空间上,性质等)相对的,对面的 67.convince vt.使信服,使相信~ sb.of persuade vt.劝说,说服~ sb.to do/into/out of 68.criminal adj.犯罪的,应受刑法处罚的 guilty 犯有…罪的,自觉有罪的~ of 69.critical adj.紧要的,危急的 crucial adj.关键的,决定性的

vital adj.(与生命有关因)而极其重要的,不可缺少的 70.cure vt.治疗,治愈~ sb.of sth.heal v.(使)(外伤等)痊愈

remedy vt.治疗,纠正(身体/思想上的不健康)71.damage vt.损坏,毁坏(健康,财产等造成价值、功能的损坏)harm vt.伤害,损害(带来痛苦等)hurt vt.使(肉体)疼痛,伤害(感情)injure vt.使受伤;毁坏(健康、成就、道德、权威等)wound vt.使受(刀、枪)伤

72.decline vt.谢绝,婉言拒绝(邀请等)~ to do sth.deny vt.拒绝给予,不给~ sb.sth.give refuse vt.拒不,拒绝~ to do sth.reject vt.拒绝接受(采纳,考虑等)~ sth.73.decrease vi(程序,数量)减少,减小(←increase)diminish v.使变小,缩小,缩减,减退

lessen v.(程序)减轻(矛盾、冲击、负担、危险、分歧等)reduce vt.降低(成本、数量、程度)74.fault n.(物)毛病,差错;(人)过错,(与责任相关的)过失 mistake n.错误make a ~, by ~ error n.(背离标准模式的)错误,过失commit an ~, in ~ 75.defend vt.(相对于敌对势力而言的)保卫,捍卫~ sb.against guard vt.(相对于安全而言的)保卫,守卫~ against protect vt.(相对于伤害而言的)保卫,守卫~ against76.despair n.绝望→沮丧,失望in ~处于绝望沮丧之中

desperation n.绝望→孤注一掷in ~孤注一掷的,不顾一切的 hopelessness n.绝望→丧失信心,失望in ~失望地 77.different adj.不同的,有差异的(民族，地方…)~ from diverse adj.截然不同的(观点、兴趣、发音等)~ from various adj.各种各样的(只作定语)78.ignore vt.(故意视而不见的)忽视(问题,危险等)neglect vt.(对工作、职责未予以适当关注)而疏忽,怠慢,玩忽(健康、学习、工作等)overlook vt.(匆忙、粗心而)忽略,疏忽(错误、要点等)79.distinguished adj.(才华等众所公认的)卓著,杰出 outstanding adj.(与环境、背景不同而)突出的,杰出的

prominent adj.(人、物明显突出周围环境而)显而易见的,显赫的,突出的 80.drag vt.(吃力,缓慢的)拖,拽(笨重之物)draw vt.(轻轻的)拖,拉;(从银行)取(钱)pull vt.(朝自己方向)拖,拉;随手取(出)81.durable adj.(对破坏性因素、损耗有抗御的)耐久的(用品、友谊)enduring adj.(承受时间,环境考验而)持久的,不朽的(记忆、作品)lasting adj.(能无限继续而)长久不消的,恒久的(兴趣、影响、友谊)permanent adj.(稳定不变、非暂时的)永久性的(地址、建筑物、工作、破坏)82.duty n.(源于法律、伦理、道德而应尽的对他人的)义务,职责on/off ~ obligation n.(源于诺言、契绝、习俗等观念压力而必须履行)义务,责任fulfil an ~ responsibility n.(源于法律、职业、道德而对后果必须承担)责任take the ~ for 83.endure vt.忍耐,忍受(长期的磨难)tolerate vt.容忍,忍受(一时无礼、分歧、不良环境等)stand vi.(勇敢地)经受,经得起(攻击,考验等)84.enormous adj.(大小程度超越标准而)巨大的,过大的(量、尺寸、物体等)immense adj.(非一般衡量单位所能测量的)极大的,广大的(海,天空,影响,力量等)tremendous adj.(规模、体积、程度不同寻常地)巨大的,大得惊人的(成就、速度等)85.entire adj.完整(无损)的,整个(地区、国家等)an ~ man完整的人 complete adj.(一个整体之各组成要素全部具备而)完整不缺的,全部的~ works全集

total adj.(数量全计人的)总的,全部的~ area/population hole adj.(未经分割的)整个的,全部的(单位,国宝)~ number整数86.especial adj.(相当突出,更为重要而)特别的(理由,价值,爱好)particular adj.特殊的,尤其的,(意义、关注)独到的(观点、描述)special adj.专门的,为某一目的、场合所特别安排的(饮食、味道、许可)specific adj.(独一无二而)独待的,特有的(美德、情况、个性等)87.essential adj.(为事物之本质而)必不可少的,基本的~ to/for indispensable adj.(由于强烈、迫切性而)不可或缺的,必需~ for necessary adj.(因无法避免或比较迫切而)必要的,需要的 88.estimate vt.(大抵的)评估,判断(可行性、价值、损失)assess vt.(确切的)评价,估价(成份、税收、量、形势)evaluate vt.(对物体、价值value即非货币性)评价,判断(人、工作等)89.eventual adj.(因果之)最终的,最后的~ success必然成功 terminal adj.(系列或周期的)终点的a ~ disease晚期病症 ultimate adj.终极的,极限的~ success最终成功

90.eventually adv.(由必然原因而导致的)最终(死亡,成功,退休等)finally adv.(序列之)最后(←first, second…)at last adv.(期待已久而)终于(发生了)in the end adv.(过去或将来时间上)最后,最终91.excuse vt.(对疏忽、失职行为的)原谅~ sb.for;~ sb.from免除

forgive vt.(对罪恶,侮辱行为的内心深处的)宽恕~ lie/injures/insult pardon vt.(法律等正式场合对过错责任的)赦免,宽恕~ a criminal/fault 92.exhausted adj.精疲力尽的completes/affords ~ tired adj.疲倦的awfully/dead ~ tiresome adj.令人厌倦的,讨厌的

93.extend v.(空间的)延伸,扩展~ one’s body伸展身子

stretch v.(由曲而直的)伸展,拉长~ oneself伸懒腰;(宽度上的)伸展 lengthen v.(时间、线向的)拉长,延伸,加长~ a coat spread v.(四面八方)展开,铺开;扩散;蔓延~ a rumor/a blankeet 94.fairly adv.还算,相当~ good pretty adv.相当,非常~ soon/well/certain rather adv.相当,颇~ too… 95.favorable adj.对…有利的

favorite adj.为…所最喜欢的96.firm adj.坚实的,牢固的,坚定的(←loose,肌肉、信仰、目光、支持)stable adj.稳定的,稳固的(政府,工作,性格)steady adj.稳固而不可动摇,持续稳定的(←shaky, changeable,温度、速度、收入进步等)

97.forecast vt.(依据计算、统计而作的)预测,预报(天气,选举,结果)foretell vt.(对未来凭感觉而作)预言;预示(死亡、将来)predict vt.(有一定科学依据的)预言,预测(地震、收成)98.grasp vt.(紧紧)抓住;掌握,领会 grab vt.(匆忙,粗鲁地)抓过,一把抓过 seize vt.(突然)抓住(使不能逃脱),占领,夺取 snatch vt.(迅速/出其不意地)抓取,抢夺

99.hardly adv.(能力等)几乎难以,几乎没/不can ~/~ ever barely adv.勉强,刚刚,差一点~ escaped scarcely adv(数量等)仅仅,几乎不/没~ any nearly adv.(肯定含义)几乎,差不多~ always/finished merely adv.仅仅,只是 100.insignificant adj.(意义)不重要的,微不足虑的~ differences tiny adj.(数量、尺寸)非常小的a ~ baby/~ fraction of sum minor adj.(相比之下而)不太重要的,比较轻的/小的of ~ importance minute adj.极小的,细微的,入微的(检查)trivial adj.(事情)小的,价值小的,鸡毛蒜皮的a ~ problem/sum106.question n.(与“?”相关的)问题,疑问answer a ~ problem n.(与麻烦相关的)问题,麻烦事slove a ~ issue n.(某时、某地为许多人关注的)热点问题,争议

mater n.(供讨论,考虑的)一般问题;(在what’s the ~ with中)麻烦,毛病 101.material n.(素)材,材料raw/building/fabric matter n.(与精神相对具体或抽象的)物质living/historical ~ substance n.(具有某物理、化学特征的)物质,东西chemical/solid ~ stuff n.(口语)(各种)原料,素材,料子,物品,食品,货色,东西 102.maybe adv.(用于委婉建议)也许,不妨(←may+be)possibly adv.客观上有可能地not ~无论如何不可能 perhaps adv.(建议,要求,命令;较正式)也许,大概 probably adv.理论上可能地,很可能 likely adj.adv.(从表面看来)似乎可能的

103.pressure n.(源于外界的弹制性)压力;(作用于物体表面的)压力exert/use ~ strain n.(非常强大而导致精神紧张的)压力,紧张;(导致物体变形的)张力,拉力bear/suffer ~ tension n.(源于关系不和的)紧张(状态)create/feel/reduce ~ 104.odd adj.反常、离奇的,古怪的(习俗、感受、地方)peculiar adj.罕见的,奇异的,独特的(兴趣、礼节、情趣)strange adj.奇怪的,陌生的 105.precious adj.(无法用金钱衡量价值的)宝贵的,珍贵的(时间,记忆,知识,品质)valuable adj.(用途,作用,有丰厚利润回报而)有价值的,贵重的(发现,信息,建议,经验)107.rare adj.稀少(得可贵),珍奇 scarce adj.(原来充裕之物变得)稀少,缺乏

108.rational adj.(与逻辑思维相关的)合乎情理的,理性的~ behavior/being reasonable adj.(源于正当理由的)合理的,有理由的~ price/question/demand sensible adj.明智,明断的,切实可行而合理的

109.replace v.取代,替代,代替~ B with/by A以A代B substitute v.以…替代,代替~ A for B→A is ~d for B以A代B 110.rescue vt.(以迅速、果敢之紧急行为而)抢救,营救 save vt.(以各种方式在任何场合的)救,挽救~ one’s face 111.reserve n.保留,预订,保存(以留作后用)retain n.继续保存,保留,留下(免于损失)112.rigid adj.(不可弯折之)刚硬僵直的,固执(已见)的 stiff adj.(不易弯曲之)刚直的,拘谨而固执呆板的;(肌肉)僵直的

第五篇：常见医学词汇小结

diarrhea [,daiə'riə] allergic [ə'lə:dʒik] allergy ['ælədʒi]

n.腹泻，痢疾

adj.对…过敏的；对…极讨厌的 n.过敏症；反感；厌恶

kidney stonen.肾结石

cervical spondylosis['sə:vikəl [,spɔndi'ləusis] herniated disk椎间盘突出

insomnia [in'sɔmniə] astriction

n.失眠症，失眠

颈椎病

n.便秘；限制；束缚

n.[耳鼻喉] 鼻炎 rhinitis [rai'naitis] allergic rhinitis 过敏性鼻炎

atrophic rhinitis 萎缩性鼻炎

n.[耳鼻喉]鼻炎 nasitis, coryza

lovesickness ['lʌv,siknis] tonsil ['tɔnsil]

n.相思病

n.[解剖] 扁桃体

n.[皮肤] 白化病；皮肤变白症 n.冲击；震荡；脑震荡 albinism ['ælbinizəm]

concussion [kən'kʌʃən] cerebral concussion 脑震荡

brain concussion n.脑震荡

n.冲击；[医]震荡；脑震荡 brunt, impingement smallpox ['smɔ:lpɔks] n.[内科] 天花

smallpox vaccine 天花疫苗；牛痘苗；天花菌苗

smallpox virus 天花病毒

n.[内科]天花 variola

dysentery ['disəntəri]

n.痢疾

bacillary dysentery 菌痢，杆菌痢疾

amebic dysentery 阿米巴痢疾

n.[内科]痢疾 diarrhea

hepatitis B [,hepə'taitis] n.乙肝 malaria [mə'lεəriə]

n.[内科] 疟疾；瘴气

falciparum malaria [医]恶性疟；热带疟

n.[内科]疟疾；瘴气 paludism, agrue

rabies ['reibi:z] n.[狂犬病

n.瘟疫（尤指鼠疫）；有害的事物 pestilence ['pestiləns] n.[医]瘟疫（尤指鼠疫）；有害的事物 plague, murrain

aphasia [ə'feizjə]

n.失语症（形容词aphasic）

n.[内科]失语症（形容词aphasic）alogia, aphemia human vegetable植物人

nyctalopia [,niktə'ləupiə] n.[眼科]夜盲；夜盲症 night blindness, hemeralopia

achromatopsia [ə,krəumə'tɔpsiə] n.[眼科]全色盲 monochromasia

n.[临床]便秘；限制；束缚

limitation, qualification, restriction, chain, constipation

n.[内科]失眠症，失眠 sleeplessness, agrypnia

n.肾结石

renal calculus, nephrolith

n.[眼科] 全色盲

n.夜盲；[眼科] 夜盲症