第一篇：新东方四级英语(完形填空1)
Passage 15
Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage.For each blank there are four choices marked A), B), C)and D)on the right side of the paper.You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage.Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.In recent years, more and more foreigners are involved in the teaching programs of the United States.Both the advantages and the disadvantages __71__ using faculty(教师[总称])from foreign countries __72__ teaching positions have to be __73__, of course.It can be said that foreign __74__ that makes the faculty member from abroad an asset(财富)also __75__ problems of adjustment, both for the university and for the individual.The foreign research scholar usually isolates __76__ in the laboratory as a means of protection;__77__, what he needs is to be fitted __78__ a highly organized university system quite different from __79__ at home.He is faced in his daily work __80__ differences in philosophy, arrangements of courses and methods of teaching.Both the visiting professor and his students __81__ background in each other’s cultures.Some __82__ of what is already in the minds of American students is __83__ by the foreign professor.While helping him to __84__ himself to his new environment, the university must also __85__ certain adjustments in order to __86__ full advantage of what the newcomer can __87__.It isn’t always known how to make __88__ use of foreign faculty, especially at smaller colleges.This is thought to be a __89__ where further study is called __90__.The findings of such a study will be of value to colleges and universities with foreign faculty.71.A)with B)for C)of D)at
72.A)in B)on C)for D)within
73.A)thought B)measured C)balanced D)considered
74.A)situation B)circumstance C)background D)condition
75.A)carries B)creates C)emerges D)solves
76.A)himself B)oneself C)him D)one
77.A)otherwise B)moreover C)however D)also
78.A)into B)by C)to D)with
79.A)those B)which C)what D)that
80.A)toward B)with C)to D)at
81.A)have B)possess C)need D)lack
82.A)concept B)feeling C)plan D)intelligence
83.A)ordered B)asked C)insisted D)required
84.A)place B)adapt C)put D)direct
85.A)remain B)keep C)make D)cause
86.A)take B)make C)do D)be
87.A)show B)afford C)express D)offer
88.A)powerful B)creative C)imaginary D)advanced
89.A)scope B)range C)field D)district
90.A)on B)for C)upon D)at
Passage 15
C A D C B A C A D B D A D B C A D B C B
第二篇：2011新东方英语四级作文(免费下载)
2011新东方英语四级作文模板
模板一 How to Deal with Stress-如何面对压力
How to Deal with Stress(如何面对压力)1．为什么会有压力? 2．如何面对压力? [写作导航]第一段先用定义法指出压力是什么，以及压力的危害；第二段写压力的各种来源；第三段写如何面对压力，可针对第二段的来源，举例说明各种解决办法；最后一段提醒人们面对压力方法要对头，不可走歪路。
[范文]
Stress is a state of being upset that happens when we are under pressure.Both our feelings and our bodies get upset.We can even get emotionally and physically sick if we have too much stress for too long.Stress can come at us from every direction.For instance, it can come from fights with other people.It can come when we have too many things to do and too little time to do them.It can also come when we do not have enough money to pay for what we want.Since stress can make us sick, we have to learn how to deal with it.There are good ways and bad ways to do so.We should deal with stress in good ways, of course.Good ways to cut down on stress include changing our lifestyles.For example, we can learn either to get along with people or to stay away from them.We can decide what to do now, what to do later, and what to leave off doing forever.We can also figure out how to get money or we can cut down on what we want.We should not deal with stress in bad ways because bad ways to cut down on stress just lead to more troubles, for example, skipping out and leaving our work undone, blaming our problems on someone else, stealing or cheating.模板二 My View On Private Tutoring-家教之我见
My View On Private Tutoring(家教之我见)1．家教与日俱增； 2．家教的优缺点； 3．我的看法。
[写作导航]第一段可先围绕提纲开始，然后引出家教也有优缺点；第二段主要围绕优点来写，可从对家长、对从事家教的大学生以及对孩子本人等几方面来谈；第三段谈缺点，可从孩子的娱乐、从事家教的大学生的学习等方面来谈；第四段谈我的看法，弊大于利。[范文]
Nowadays, an increasing numbers of parents ask college students to act as private tutors to their kids.Like everything else, private tutoring also has advantages and disadvantages.Generally speaking, the advantages can be listed as follows.First, private tutoring is helpful to the parents.Many parents are so busy with their work that they have no time to help their children with their lessons.Besides, private tutoring is good for the tutors themselves.They can make some money while providing a service for others.Most important of all, private tutoring is beneficial for kids.Since the parents can't help when the kids have problems, private tutoring seems to be a wise choice.However, private tutoring also has disadvantages.To begin with, it takes so much of the kid's time that they can hardly find time for rest and amusement, which is harmful to their health.To
2011新东方英语四级作文模板
make matters worse, some tutors have too many kids to teach so that they neglect their studies at school.Worst of ail, some tutors only offer tips for test taking rather than teaching kids what is really needed.According to the above analysis, it is clear that the disadvantages outweigh the advantages.Therefore, it is proposed that great emphasis be laid on the stimulation of the kid' s learning and the cultivation of their potential Moreover, kids should be given more time to play so that a new and healthy generation will emerge.模板三 English Teaching at College-大学英语教学
English Teaching at College(大学英语教学)1．有人认为大学英浯教学非常成功。2．有人认为大学英语教学是个失败。3．我的看法或建议。
[写作导航]开始先分述两种看法，认为大学英语教学成功的人以大学英语考试人数一直猛增及英语能力强的人在各行各业所做的贡献为依据支持自己的观点；认为大学英语教学失败的人则以大学生口语差、翻译和写作水平低为依据支持自己的看法；而“我”认为大学英语教学有进步，但仍存在问题，如教师一言堂，应试教育等；“我”建议大学英语教学应彻底改革，大力培养学生的各项语言技能。[范文]
Some people say that English teaching at college in China has proved to be successful Take College English Test as an example, more than four million students have taken it and the number is still increasing year by year.This means that increasing numbers of people are aware of the necessity and importance of English learning.What is more, large numbers of students who are competent in English are making their contributions to the county in all walks of life.Others, on the other hand, suggest that English teaching at college in China is a complete failure.They suggest that, on the whole, most graduates still can't communicate with native speakers properly in spoken English.Besides, they are incompetent in both translation and writing.I think great progress has been made in English teaching at college in China over the past 15 years.Yet, there are still some problems.On the one hand, English teaching at college in China is still teacher centered, although the student centered approach has been advocated for years.The teacher dominates the class, leaving students little time to practice.On the other hand, English teaching at college in China is still test oriented.Passing College English Test has been regarded as a prerequisite for graduates to get jobs on the job market.So great emphasis is given on how to pass the tests rather than on how to develop the students' language skills.As a result, students do not have the language competence though most of them have passed College English Test.Therefore, it is my strong feeling therefore that English teaching at colleges in China should go through some radical reform.Priority should be given to the development of the four language skills rather than to develop the skills in passing the examination.模板四 How to Use Our Brain-用脑之道
How to Use Our Brain(用脑之道)1．人脑的重要性及作用。
2011新东方英语四级作文模板
2．如何科学用脑。
[写作导航]先写大脑的特性和作用(复杂、智能的器官，使人区别于动物等)；再写大脑越用越灵，但过度使用也会出问题，为第三段作铺垫；第三段从两方面说明如何合理用脑：一是劳逸结合，手脑交替；二是从科学的角度，利用数据，说明过度用脑可能给大脑带来的伤害。
[范文]
Human brain is the most complex and intelligent mechanism in the world.It is the major factor that distinguishes man from animals.With our brain we get to know the world and make a good use of the world to our benefit.Our brain is a product of constant use through millions of years.Other things can be used up, but used properly, our brain can never be exhausted.In fact, the more we use it, the more capable and efficient it will become.Excessive use of the brain, however, will causea lot of problems.So it is useful to know how to use our brain wisely.First, handwork or physical labor is good exercise as well as rest for our brain.Doing handwork and brain work alternatively can help develop both our brain and hands.Secondly, we should avoid doing brainwork for long hours on end.The brain, though 3% of the body weight, when at work, consumes 20% of the oxygen carried by 16% of the blood in circulation.A long period of brainwork may cause, through lack of bodily activity, slow blood circulation and inadequate oxygen supply to the brain, resulting in inefficiency and possible damage to the brain.模板五 Student Use of Computers
Student Use of Computers Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic Student Use of Computers.You should write at least 120 words and base your composition on the chart and the outline given below:
上图所示为1990年，1995年，2000年某校大学生使用计算机的情况，请描述其变化。
1．请说明发生这些过程的原因(可从计算机的用途，价格或社会发展等方面加以说明)； 2．你认为目前大学生在计算机使用中有什么困难或问题? Student Use of Computers
This chart shows the increase of student use of computers from the year 1990 to 2000.As we can see, in 1990 the average number of hours a student spends on the computer per week is 2.In 1995, however, the number doubles and in 2000, it soars to 20 hours per week.There are many causes for this change.For one thing, computers can do a lor of things
2011新东方英语四级作文模板
that may be difficult for man to do, making man's work easier.So, many people turn to computers for help when they want to have their job done.For another, computers are becoming cheaper day by day.As a result, many universities install them in large numbers and many families can afford to buy one, consequently, they are always available for the students to use.But the prime reason, I think, is that with the development of society, computers are used in ahnost all walks of life.Those who are specialized in operating computers are badly needed.If a student is good at computer, chances will be greater for him to get a job.Many problems also arise in students use of computers.One problem is that some students spend too much time sitting in front of their computers, as a result, their bealth is affected.The other problem is that some students chat or play video games for a long time on computers, wasting a lot of their precious time.So it is suggested that these students make a scientific and positive use of the computers.模板六 Ownership of Houses in a Big City Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic Ownership of Houses in a Big City in China.You must base your composition on the following instructions(given in Chinese):
1．根据上图描述该市住房产权的变化； 2．分析产生这些变化的原因；
3．说明这些变化对个人和社会产生的影响。
Your composition should be no less than 120 words.Remember to write it neatly.Ownership of Houses in a Big City in China
Great changes have taken place in the ownership of houses in cities in China from 1990 to 2000.While the number of state owned houses decreased, that of private houses increased.In 1990, seventyfive percent of the houses were state owned whereas only twenty five percent of the houses were private.In 2000, however, the proportion of state owned houses reduced to twenty percent and that of private houses increased to eighty percent.There are many reasons for the great change in the ownership of houses in cities.The development of the economy is the most important one.Thanks to this development, people make more money than they used to.As a result, they can set aside some money to buy houses after their daily necessities are satisfied.The measures the government adopts may be the next incentive.Nowadays, people can have access to various kinds of loans from banks when buying the house.The large supply of housing may be the last reason.Wherever you go, you can see houses of various designs and sizes available for people to choose.These changes will have a great influence on both the living standard of the individual and the productivity of the society.People can live in the spacious houses of their own and the
2011新东方英语四级作文模板
government can increase the productivity by using the money from selling the houses.The Problem of Human Population时间:2009-05-07 14:00作者: 点击:1051次
模板七 The Problem of Human Population
1．据统计一千年前地球上有不到4亿人口。2．人口暴涨的原因。3．因此……
It has been estimated that a thousand years ago there were less than 400 million people on earth.However, in the recent thousand years human population has increased nearly 20 times.Nowadays the world population has reached more than 7000 million.The population.First, a lot of people can't get employment, which is a universal problem in the world.Second, in developing countries there are not enough shelters for too many people and so some people are not properly housed and even are exposed to the elements.Third, in underdeveloped countries a lot of people suffer from hunger because of food shortage, which in turn causes many other problems, malnutrition, disease, etc.Fourth, there are not enough schools for so many people and so a lot of people are illiterate.Therefore, to eliminate these problems, human beings should take effective measures to control population.模板八 How to Reduce Stress-如何减少压力
How to Reduce Stress(如何减少压力)1．现代社会人们的压力与日俱增； 2．压力太大的危害； 3．减少压力的办法。
[写作导航]首先陈述随着现代生活节奏的加快，人们的压力也在增大，虽然适当的压力对人有好处，但压力太大就会产生副作用，从而影响工作、学习和健康，所以要学会减轻压力；第二段阐述减轻压力的办法，比如降低对自己的要求、接受现实、不要攀比，多与朋友
2011新东方英语四级作文模板
沟通等；最后总结全文，提出希望。
[范文]
As the pace of modern life continues to quicken, many people are in the habit of rushing through life.Some admit that stress seems to be on the increase all the time.A certain degree of stress is beneficial to us, but too much stress is certainly harmful, and sometinles may even harmful to our health and physique.So it is necessary to know how to reduce stress.There are many ways that can help us solve this problem, but the following may be the most effective.First, learn to COllie to terms with yourselves.Don't set a goal that is too high because there are many things in this world that are beyond your reach.Learn to be content to go as far as you can.Second, learn to COllie to terms with the world around you.Don't try to change other people or other things.There are people and things in this world that you can do nothing about.So learn to accept them.Third, don't be too interested in material things and don't try to “keep up with the Joneses.” Don't harbor any jealousy, vanity or resentment to others.Be satisfied with what you have.Finally, keep in touch with your friends.Talk with them, share with them your happiness and misery.This will help to make you feel better.These are not necessarily the only ways to solve the problem, and it is my hope that everyone can reduce the too much stress in his work and study and live a relaxed happy life.模板九My View on Job-hopping
Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic My View on dob-hopping.You should write at least 120 words and you should base your composition on the outline(given in Chinese)below: 1．有些人喜欢始终从事一种工作，因为…… 2．有些人喜欢经常更换工作，因为…… 3．我的看法。
My View on Job-hopping
People have different attitudes towards their work.Some prefer to stick to one occupation as their lifelong career.These people are of the opinion that one can never do his work well unless he is devoted to only one job in his lifetime.So if one changes his job frequently, he will not get the necessary experience needed in his work.Others, on the other hand, like to change their jobs at times.In their opinion, people work in order to make more money.If they havea chance to get a better paid job, they will certainly try to get this chance.Besides, if a person does only one job all his life, he will certainly be bored with it.My idea is that interest is the most important if one wants to excel others in his job.So if a person is not interested in his job, job hopping is normal and even necessary.Otherwise, he will suffer from his work, and inevitably, he is not likely to succeed in his career.模板十 How to Read Better and Faster
How to Read Better and Faster(如何读得好又快)1．阅读的重要性；
2．如何克服不良阅读习惯；
2011新东方英语四级作文模板
3．如何读的又快又好；
[写作导航]第一段举例说明阅读的重要，并引出如何才能读得好又快；第二段详细列举各种阅读的不良习惯，如出声读、摇头晃脑读、用手指着读等；第三段是如何成为读得好又快的读者的具体建议，如地方要安静、精力要集中、靠上下文猜词义等；最后简练结尾。
[范文]
Reading is not only relaxation.To keep up with their work, many people must read letters, reports, publications, office documents, a never ending flood of words.In an examination, the ability to read and to comprehend quickly can mean the difference between success and failure.But the fact is that most of us are poor readers.Fortunately, almost anyone can learn to read faster and with greater comprehension.Here are some suggestions on how to deal with some bad reading habits.If you mouth each word as you read, this slows down you toa snail's speed.The best way to correct this problem is to place a finger on your lips and hold them firmly shut till you've broken the habit.If your head swings as your eyes move along a line, lock your head between your hands as you read.If you point to each word with your finger, grip the reading material firmly with both hands or sit on your hands while you read.Here are more suggestions to train you to read better and faster: Read in aquiet spot, as free from distraction as possible.But don't daydream;force yourself to concentrate on what you are reading.If you come across unfamiliar words, try to guess the meaning from the context, then check the meaning in a dictionary later.Don't reread.Pretend the words disappear as your eyes pass over them.You'll probably be surprised to find that you didn't miss anything important.Try to glance only at nouns and verbs in sentences to see how much you can get out of reading this way.The secret of success is constant practice.What you get will be worth the effort 模板十一
Is It Harder for an Adult to&n Is It Harder for an Adult to Learn New Languages?(成人更难学外语吗?)1．成人学习一种新的语言是否比儿童困难? 2．阐述原因。[写作导航]第一段从人们的普遍看法入手，即年龄越大，学外语越难，然后提出质疑：这是真的吗?否定之后指出，这并不一定，通常随着年龄增加，学语言的能力也增强；第二段陈述原因，一是因为成人社会阅历丰富，二是因为成人逻辑思维能力强，三是因为成人自控能力超过儿童；最后一段以鼓励成人学好外语结尾。[范文]
Most people think that the older you get, the harder it is to learn a new language.This is because they believe that children learn languages more easily and efficiently than adults.Thus, at some point in our lives, maybe around ages 12 or 13, we lose the ability to learn languages well.Is it true that children learn a foreign language more efficiently than adults? It may not necessarily be the case.In fact, the ability to learn language increases as the age increases, from childhood to adulthood.There are several possible explanations for these findings.For one thing, adults know more about the world and, therefore, are able to understand things more easily than children.Moreover, adults can use logical thinking to help them see patterns in the language.Finally, adults have more self discipline than children.All in all, the common conception that children are better language learners than adults may
2011新东方英语四级作文模板
not necessarily be true.Hopefully, this would encourage adult learners to become successful language learners, no matter what new languages they want to learn.模板十二
Why My Spoken Enslish is Poor?
Why My Spoken Enslish is Poor?(口语不佳探因)1．英浯口语很重要；
2．我的英语口语差的主要原因； 3．我的对策。
[写作导航]本文应首先阐述英语，语的重要性，紧接着举例支持，说明英语口语在现代社会中的重要；第二段结合“我”自己，列出英语口语不好的几个主要原因；第三段指出，只要有决心，措施跟上，英语口语就一定会好起来。文章用汉语格言“世上无难事，只要有心人。”或英语格言“Where there is a will，there is a way．”收尾，会很有说服力。
[范文]
When we study English, we learn to listen, speak, read and write.Of these abilities, speaking is the most important.As we all know, the fundamental means of commUnication is speaking.Onlyby speaking to each other directly can two people exchange their ideas freely and efficiently.This is especially true in modern times when we live in a “global village”, where joint ventures and overseas tourism become commonplace.Many employers in joint ventures speak English, so do most of the tourists.Many difficulties will arise if we can't express ourselves fluently in English.In spite of my awareness of its importance, I seldom find chances to practice and improve my oral English.So, I am still very weak with regard to this respect.one reason is that my pronunciation and intonation aren't good enough.The other is that I am so shy that I am always too nervous to find the exact words to express my ideas and feelings.As a result the best way for me to do is to remain silent when others are practicing and making great progress in their oral English everyday.Now I am attaching much more importance to oral English and I have made up my mind to seize every opportunity to practice.I begin to participate actively in all kinds of English activities, such as going to “English Corners”, talking in English with my classmates and with native speakers.“Nothing is difficult in the world if you really put your heart to it.” as the Chinese saying goes.If I can build up my confidence, if I am not afraid of losing face any more, if I really work hard on it, I am sure my oral English will be excellent someday.模板十三 Advantages and Disadvantages of Cell&nbs Advantages and Disadvantages of Cell Phones(手机的利弊)1．手机使用的普遍性； 2．手机的优点；
3．手机的危害及我的建议。
[写作导航]先指出当前手机使用很普遍，然后用事实(随处可见人们用手机通话，许多大学生、高中生都有手机)来支持主题句；手机的优点主要是方便通信，甚至上网，还体现在突发事件(疾病、交通事故)的求助上；手机的缺点主要是辐射和干扰他人，因此我建议尽量少用，重要场合(开会、上课时)关机。
2011新东方英语四级作文模板
[范文]
Cell phones have become increasingly popular in China these days.Wherever you go you can see people using cell phones.Many college students, even high school students, have cell phones.Cell phones have brought people a lot of benefits, but the most important is that they are convenient.With cell phones in their hands, they can keep in touch with anybody they want.If they want to get some information from the Internet, they can easily have their dream realized via cell phones too.Furthermore, if someone has a heart attack or a traffic accident, a call to emergency hospital or to the police can quickly bring him the help he wants.However, cell phones can also bring people problems.The most serious is the electric wave radiation which is thought to be harmful to users' brains.Another problem is that when people are having a meeting or having a class or at a concert etc, the ring of the cell phone may interrupt others.So I think people should use cellphones as little as possible and turn them off when they are attending important meetings or attending classes.模板十四
Why Living Off Campus Is Popular?
Why Living Off Campus Is Popular?(校外租房何以流行?)1．学生校外租房住宿较普遍； 2．校外租房住宿的原因； 3．我的看法。
[写作导航]第一段从学生租房现象普遍过渡到探究其原因，结尾句引出下段；第二段首先指出校外租房住宿的好处，首先，住在校外可省去与他人相处的烦琐，可集中精力学习；其次，住在校外可有更多自由，如熬夜、不受限制地上网等；最后，住在校外可有更多的隐私权；结尾段谈“我”的看法，即事物都是一分为二的，住在校外会失去体验校园丰富生活的机会，还会错过学会与他人相处的机会等。
[范文]Nowadays living off campus enjoys great popularity among college students.Why, then, do students do so when they are provided with very modern apartments and good services on campus? The reasons can be listed as follows.First, living off-campus can relieve the student from time consuming and energy consuming trivialities.Since people from different places have different personalities, habits, and interests, etc, some students think that it is difficult for them to get along with their pals.If they live off-campus, they don't have to spend time worrying about and thinking of how to get along with their roommates.In this way, they will have more time for their studies.Secondly, living off-campus can offer them a lot of freedom.Freed from the regulations of the university, they can do whatever they want in whatever time they like.For example, they can stay up late, reading books or surfing on the Internet.Lastly, living off campus can give them more privacy.If they live in a dormitory, they have no “human rights” so far as privacy is concerned.I think living off-campus has both its benefits and shortcomings.If we live off campus we will not have the chance to experience the rich and colorful social life on campus.Away from our classmates, we will not have the chance to learn how to communicate with those who have divergent opinions.We will lose the chance to learn to cooperate with others.模板十五
HOW to Succeed in a dob Interv
2011新东方英语四级作文模板
HOW to Succeed in a dob Interview(面试成功之术)1．求职面试非常普遍； 2．如何在面试中取得成功。
[写作导航]第一段可写成引入段，指出面试很普遍，但仍有些人不知如何成功面试，自然转入第二段；第二段可从衣着、言谈、自信等方面着手，也应包括自己对专业知识、工作经历和兴趣的介绍；最后一段是结尾段，可总结全篇收尾。
[范文]
When applying for a job, many people, school graduates in particular, have to have an interview with the employer before they are offered the job.Many graduates, however, do not know how to succeed in such an interview.The following are some of the rules to abide by.To succeed in an interview, the applicant should demonstrate certain personal and professional qualities.Since much of the first and lasting impression of a person is the clothes he wears, the applicant should take care to appear well but modestly dressed, avoiding the extremes of too elaborate or too casual clothes.Besides, he should pay close attention to his manner of speaking, which should be neither showy nor familiar but rather straightforward, granmatically accurate, and friendly.In addition, he should be prepared to talk knowledgeably about the requirements of the position for which he is applying in relation to his own professional experience and interests.And finally, a really impressive applicant must convey a sense of serf confidence and enthusiasm for work, a factor that att interviewer value highly.The applicant who displays these characteristics, with just a little luck, witt certainly succeed in the typical personal interview.If you can bear these rules in mind, chances are that you will succeed in a job interview The Importance of Physical Exercises-体时间:2009-05-07 14:01作者: 点击:1231次
模板十六 The Importance of Physical Exercises(体育锻炼的重要性)汉语提示：据报道，我国年轻人，特别是大学生的健康状况不容乐观。请写一篇150字左右的文章，说明体育锻炼的重要性。
[写作导航]先从所给提示“我国年轻人，特别是大学生的健康状况不容乐观”入手，引入主题：造成这一结果的原因是忽视体育锻炼；第；段详细列举体育锻炼的重要性，如加速血液循环、增进新陈代谢、消耗多余脂肪、促进睡眠等；最后一段总结体育锻炼的好处，呼吁人们积极参加锻炼。
[范文]
It is reported that the health of young people in China, college students in particular, is not as good as is supposed to be.There are many reasons for this fact, but the main reason is that many people ignore the importance of physical exercises.Why, then, are physical exercises so important to our health? First, physical exercises can improve blood circulation, speeding up the supply of nutrients and oxygen to every part of the body and the removal of waste from the blood through sweating and exhalation.Secondly, physical exercises can promote a healthy metabolism.It helps with the digestion and absorption of food, thus giving everyone a good appetite.Thirdly, physical exercise can help consume excessive fat in the body, preventing people from putting on too much weight, thus keeping them in good shape.Finally, after physical exercises we usually need a good rest and a sound sleep at night, refreshing us for the next day's work.In conclusion, physical exercises not on[y keep us fit and strong, but also help us to be
2011新东方英语四级作文模板
successful in our lives.It is, therefore, strongly suggested that young people spare some time to take an active part in various kinds of physical exercises.模板十七
Harmfulness of Video Games-电子游戏危害谈
Harmfulness of Video Games(电子游戏危害谈)1．许多年轻人沉溺于电子游戏中。2．电子游戏的危害。3．解决的办法。
[写作导航]第一段可陈述许多年轻人陷入电子游戏不能自拔的现象；第二段罗列电子游戏的危害，如对身体的危害、对学习和工作的影响，以及不良电子游戏对年轻人道德会产生不良影响等；第三段可从充分认识电子游戏的危害、取缔非法网吧和鼓励开发健康游戏等方面提出解决问题的办法。
[范文]
In spite of objections from public opinion, many students can't draw themselves away from video games.It seems that the more they are prohibited from playing the games, the more they are tempted to do so.Many students indulge themselves in playing these games.Video games are harmful to both the individual and society in many ways.First, they endanger the young people's health.Sitting in front of the computer for hours on end is bad for the player's eyesight as well as his entire physique.Secondly, they distract the young people%attention from their work and study.Absorbed in the games, the player often forgets to go to work or class.Sometimes even if they are at work or in class, they are still thinking of the games they played or are going to play after work or after class.As a result, they quickly fall behind others in their work and study.Thirdly, they lead young people to moral degradation.Some young people are especially interested in games that are filled with violence.If they play these games a long time, they may also settle disagreements through violence, which may give rise to higher crime rate.Therefore, it is time we took effective measures to solve this problem.On the one hand, young people should be made fully aware of the danger of video games.On the other, illegal video game houses should be eliminated, and software producers should be encouraged to make more beneficial video games in the future.模板十八
Why More and More Students Are
Why More and More Students Are Absent from Class?(学生何故逃课?)1．有人认为学生缺课的原因在他们本身； 2．有人认为学生缺课的原因在老师； 3．我认为„„
[写作导航]第一段可从两方面陈述提纲，然后引出“我”的看法；第二段先分析学生方面的原因：大学生自由多了，如不严格要求自己，就会睡过头、上网或干其它事情；还有些学生误认为工作经历比书本知识更重要，因此选择了打工而不去上课；然后分析老师方面的原因，如教学方法陈旧，教材过时，课堂乏味等；最后一段提醒人们关注并解决这一问题。
[范文]
Increasing numbers of college students are cutting classes, which has caused a great deal of social concern and criticism.Some think that the larger part of the blame should go to the
2011新东方英语四级作文模板
students.Others, however, think that it is the teachers who should be responsible.But I think both the students and the teachers have fault of their own.Compared with middle school students, college students have relatively more “freedom”.If they are not strict with themselves, chances are that they will oversleep in the morning, go to the Internet or find other activities to entertain themselves during class hours.In addition, some students have the misconception that work experience is more important than theoretical knowledge when it comes to job hunting.So they busy themselves in part time jobs when they should be attending class.On the other hand, some teachers still conduct classes in the old fashioned way.Their classes are so boring that they make many students fall asleep.Besides, some textbooks are so out of date that they think it a waste of time attending classes.In a word, both the students and the teachers should be wide awake to this serious problem and make great efforts to use the time at college to its best advantage.
第三篇：新东方英语四级笔记
哈哈噢
2011英语四级考试资料
阅读题和词汇语法题中，有这几个词的选项肯定是答案：在“自然科学”阅读中，有这几个词的选项肯定要排除：在“态度题”中，有这两个词的选项要排除：indifferent作文题目强烈推荐－－－－－“网络的利弊”
词汇：（很有冲刺性）
以上词跟介词搭配必考几道！
bargain（见了就选）except for（个人财物）gap（不足、差距）mark(污点、做标记)mind present（拿出）inquire deliberate advisable accuse anything
需要辨析的：
1.call off 2.adapt to 和 adopt
3.arise 和employer 8.general 和 generous
和 lay（不及物）11.regulate 和 regular
（无目的提供）
过去式；
过去式；、as if、as though、would、should、could、might +动词原型。
2． 非谓语动词：
最常考：不定式 表示主动、将来，通常爱做后置定语；
其次考：分词 现在分词表示主动进行，过去分词表示被动完成。通常做状语。
再次考：动名词 动词名词化，做主语和宾语。
3． 时态：
按出题可能性大小依次为：将来完成时，过去完成时，现在完成进行时，现在完成时，一般现在时。
4． 语态：
肯定考被动。
作文：（肯定是议论文、最有冲刺性）
什么样的英雄是你心目中的英雄（有可能出）
适合才是找工作的关键（有可能出）
学校点名有没有必要
谈一下你对atm机的看法（有可能出）
防盗门窗有没有用
你对打折的看法
演讲稿的开头致欢迎词
独生子女的利弊
个
你怎么看待电视购物，电子购物
网络的利弊）阅读：
必考体裁：
1。美国文化生活实文
提示：1。friend,关于友谊；2。家庭，父母，养父母；3。
2。教育学
提示：1。imitation(模仿)；23。自然学科
提示：读什么选什么。＊只要有 all
出题原则：
1． 转折原则：出现but、2． 原因原则：出现（由于）肯定出题；
3．特征词：best、、all、best、always、never、main、more„than„.as„.as„.42。分清强弱，3。分清主次，4。分清正反，5。分清宽窄，6。分清全偏。＊ totally, compalatly, unlimitely.－－－－－－态度题：
永远不可能为答案的词：indifferent（漠不关心的），subject（主观的）
常选词：
乐观、赞扬：positive（支持），accurate，optimistic（乐观的）
中立： objective（客观的）在自然科学文章中常作正确选项
neutral（中立的）在自然科学文章中常作正确选项
悲观、批评：critical（批评的），negative，pessimistic（悲观的）
出处：1。主题句，2。例证的倾向性，3，修饰语的感情色彩
－－－－－－topic题（1个）：
1． 文章的topic（议论对象、说明对象）必须存在于正确答案当中；
在文章中寻找topic：从前不从后，从多不从少。
2． 排除：文章所谈的细节内容和段落内容永远不可能成为答案；
3． 主题句的出处：文章首句 或 首段末句 或 二段首句。
－－－－－－infer题（1—2个）：
1． 基本原则：从选项当中寻找一个与原文意思最相近的作为正确答案；
2． 从选项下手，运用排除法。
－－－－－－词汇和指代合在一起（出一题）：
1． 指代：在文章中找到位置往前找，离它最近的名词、词组和句子；
2． 词。
（一）听力题型分析
ｉ、ａ节（section ａ）
１、问题类型
ａ、多用来问以下内容：
１）问“what is the man's answer?
what are they talking about?
２）问”做什么“，如：
３）问”“，如：
”，如：
ｂ、ａ节中用提出的问题主要问“对话可能是在什么场所发生的”，即：
where does this conversation most probably take place?
where does this conversation most likely occur?
where are the man and woman?
ｃ、可能问以下几个方面的情况：
１）问钟点（可用替换），如：
man(m): what time did yesterday's football match start?
woman(w): it was supposed to start at a quarter to 7, but it was delayed an hour.question(q): when did the game finally start?
２）问在哪个星期或星期几（后者可用替换），如：
w: i thought to go to town now.i have some shopping to do.m: don''t spend too much, i won''t get paid until next week.q: when will he be paid?
３）问日期，如：
when will the winter vacation begin?
ｄ、用提问的问题可以问原因，也可以问目的，如：
why is the man late?
why did the man repair the car by himself?
w: may i help you ,sir?
receipt.q: who is the man?
ｆ、主要针对以下内容提问：
１）how did the teacher usually begin his class?
how does the man usually go to work?
２）问“对某事的感受如何”，如：
how do you like the film?
ｇ、问“多少”how many persons...?
how much does...?
how old is...?
提问），或针对以上未归纳的内容进行提问。
（二）２、对话
q: when must the man return his books to the library?
ｂ、数字类：包括直接型和计算型。如：
w: do you live in a college dormitory?
m: yes, I do.it's a six－man suite, but at the moment only four of us live there.q: how many people share the suite now?
ｃ、地点类：包括直接型和含蓄型。如：
m: i need to cash this check?
w: will you step right over to the teller's window, please?
q: where is the conversation most probably taking place?
ｄ、否定类：
此类对话既可以含有not, no, neither, nor等否定词，也有 but, although等转折词，或由would rather, too...to结构及虚拟语气等表达。因此，对于后者要特别加以注意。如：
m: ann, do you have any extra money you could loan me?
w: i wish i could help you.i went shopping yesterday.now i have only two dollars till the end of the week.q: will the man borrow any money from the woman?
此题的答案肯定是no。听这段话时要抓住I wish I could help you.这一关键话语。这句话虽然从表面上看是肯定式，但却隐含着I'm sorry I can't help you.的意思。
ｅ、人物类：
w: thank you.could i see the menu, please?
q: what's the relationship between the man and woman?
a)husband and wife.b)waiter and customer.c)salesman and customer.d)host and guest.ｆ、活动类：
情况。如：
（三）３、（组）用辨别法答题（解于诸如（我真该待在家里），这句话已婉转地表明他不喜欢这出戏，而对没should have done something这种结构可用来表示“对应该发生而实际上没有发生的事情表示遗憾、后悔或谴责）。能使他产生此感想的原因自然是”the play is boring.“（演出令人厌烦），因而ｂ是正确的答案。否定类题目多含有虚拟语气、语气否定、暗示比喻、强化意见等形式。这一节属于此数字类题目的对话中，多出现两处，甚至三、四处数字或时间，因此，除了用辨别方法外，有时必须用计算方法才能得出正确答案.（四）四六级英语写作类型
1． 体裁：说明文，议论文 最近几年的四六级作文的体裁以说明文和议论文为主。说明文如：how to succeed in a job interview（2000，12，四级）, how i finance my college education（2000，1 四级）, practice makes perfect，haste makes waste（97，1 六级）议论文如：don''t hesitate to say ”no“（99，1 四级和六级）, can money buy happiness（95，1 四级）, is a test of spoken english necessary？（2000，6 四级）reading selectively or extensively?(99，6六级)，do ”lucky numbers“ really bring good luck?(98,6 四级和六级)
2．段落类型：比较/对比，列举，程序等 说明和议论文章所采用的文章扩展模式一般以比较/对照，举例、列举、因果、程序等者居多。如：don''t hesitate to say ”no“, reading selectively or extensively等很多四六级写作中都涉及到两种观点的对比，整体的段落类型为对照型。practice makes perfect, harmfulness of fake commodities等可采用因果行的段落结构模式，也可以采用举例说明的结构模式。advantages of a job interview则应采用列举的段落扩展模式。
3． 出题方式：提纲式写作，中文提纲，一般为三句或两句。如：99年1月份考题directions: for this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic: don''t hesitate to say ”no“.you
below.1.别人请求帮助时，在什么情况下我们会说“不”。2.说“不”时不说“不”的坏处。
再如：98年一月分考题your composition on the outline(given in chinese)below.1.目前社会上有不少假冒伪劣商品(fake 品对消费者个人、社会等的危害。
（五）论文类的常考思路:
1.题目难拟 2.资料难查 3.打字(涉及词汇:
打字: laptop 手提电脑 坏了
打印: type it out －－摘要: do some research －－【research】 1.论文 2.文件 考点词汇:
演讲 2.应穿着正式的衣服(对话涉及)3.感到紧张(feeling nervous))
租金 fee 杂费 utilities 水电费 postage 邮资 tuition 学费
罚款
餐厅问题的常考思路:
校内食堂 cafeteria
关于make a reseration/book/reserve a table/menu/order/
餐厅:fansy restanrant(豪华的)/meal ticket(饭票)/plate(盘子)/helpings(一人一份)
机场内题目常考思路:
1.票已经卖完 2.接人晚点 3.送人伤感
考点词汇:
board 登机
airplane/direct flight/first class(头等舱)/economy class(经济舱)/seat belt/take over/land(降落)/ wing(1.附楼 2.机翼)/terminal 1.终端 2.终点站 3.后机厅
交通类题目常考思路:
交通阻塞:1.traffic jam 2.back up
罚款(fine):1.break rules 2.go speeding
交通晚点:1.behind schedule = delay 2.on schedule = on time
打电话场景考试思路:
1.要约会的人约不到 2.约会去不了 3.电话打不通或者打错电话
考点词汇:
coin:wrong out of coins －>cut off(被动)－>hang up(主动)－－> slot(硬币投币口)
过程: look up/pick up/drop coin in the slot/dial
医院类的题目思路:
1.医生难找 2.病情如何 getting better/worse 3.2.over sleep 3.traffic jam
第四篇：英语四级作文万能作文模版(新东方版)
四级作文万能模板
四级作文万能模板
[1]议论文
Along with the advance of the society more and more controversial issues have been brought to our attention, one of which is that....随着社会的不断发展，出现了越来越多的问题，其中之一便是____________。
As to whether it is worthwhile X there is a long-running debate.关于是否值得X的问题，一直以来争论不休.Just as the saying goes: “so many people so many minds”.It is quite understandable that views on this issue vary from person to person.俗话说，“"。不同的人对此有不同的看法是可以理解的。
Those who criticize X argue that X They believe that X But people who favor X on the other hand argue that.X
1.To begin /start with
2.furthermore/besides/in addition
3.last but not least.批判X的人认为X。他们相信X，不过，另一方面，赞同X的人则认为X。
After a thorough consideration for my part I am in favor of the latter view thatX
经过深思熟虑，我较支持后一种看法，亦即X。
[2]说明文
Along with the advance of the society more and more controversial issues have been brought to our attention one of which is that X
随着社会的不断发展，出现了越来越多的问题，其中之一便是X。
Why have there been so many X maybe the reasons can be listed as follows
1.To begin /start with
2.furthermore/besides/in addition
3.last but not least.为什么有这么多X，理由如下
Obviously it is high time that we took some measures to solve the problem
For one thingFor another
很明显，我们现在必须采取一些措施
一方面另一方面
I think all the measures above can make present situation better.Let us all start to do so by ourselves.我认为上述措施能使现状变好。让我们都从自身做起！
[3]图表作文
As is shown by the percentage in the picture X has been on rise/ decrease, X dramatically decreasing from X in X toX inX.From the sharp decline in the chart, it goes without saying that X.There are at least two good reasons accounting for X.In one hand, X.In the other hand,Xis due to the fact thatX.In addition,X is responsible forX.Maybe there are some other reasons to showX.But itis generally believed that the above mentioned reasons are commonly convincing.As far as I am concerned, I hold the point of view thatX.I am sure my opinion is both sound and well-grounded.[4]话题作文
Nowadays, there are more and moreX inX.It is estimated thatX.Why have there been so manyX ? Maybe the reasons can be listed as follows.The first one isX.Besides, XThe third one isX.To sum up, the main cause of it is due to X.It is high time that something were done upon it.For one thing X.For another thing,X.All these measures will certainly reduce the number ofX.最后冲刺，相信自己一定能行！
[5]对比观点作文
X is becoming more and more popular recently.There are two sides ofopinions of it.Some people say X is their favorite.They hold their viewfor the reason of X.What is more, X。Moreover,_X.While others think that _X is a better choice in the following three reasons.Firstly,_X.Secondly,_X_.Thirdly,_X_.From my point of view, I think _X_.The reason is that _X_.As a matter of fact, there are some other reasons to explain my choice.For me, the former is surely a wise choice.As to whether it is a blessing or a curse however people take different attitudes.然而，对于此类问题，人们持不同的看法。(Hold different attitudes 持不同的看;Come up with different attitudes 有不同的看法)
As society develops people are attaching much importance to....随着社会的发展，人们开始关注.....People are attaching more and more importance to the interview during job hunting
求职的过程中，人们慢慢意识到面试的重要性。
In the process of modern urban development we often find ourselves in a dilemma.在都市的发展中，我们往往会陷入困境。
Recently the phenomenon has aroused wide concern some people are in alarm that....最近，这种现象引起了人们的广泛关注，有人开始担心______________。
The human race has entered a completely new stage in its history with the increasingly rapid economic globalization and urbanization more problems are brought to our attention.人类进入了一个历史的崭新的阶段，经济全球化、都市化的速度不断加快，随之给我们带来了很多问题。
......plays such an important role that it undeniably becomes the biggest concern of the present world there comes a question is it a blessing or a curse?”
_______显得非常重要而成为当今世界所关注的最大的问题，这是无可厚非的。不过，问题是：“我们该如何抉择?”
Now we are entering a new era full of opportunities and challenges
现在我们正在进入一个布满机会和挑战的新时代。
People from different backgrounds would put different interpretations on the same case.不同行业的人对同一种问题的解释不尽相同。
The controversial issue is often brought into public focus.People from different backgrounds hold different attitudes towards the issue.这中极具争议性的话题往往很受社会的关注。不同的人对此问题的看法也不尽相同。When asked...some people think.....while some prefer...说到______，有人认为________，而另一些人则认为__________。
To this issue different people come up with various attitudes.对于这个问题，不同的人持不同的观点。
There is a good side and a bad side to everything it goes without saying that...万事万物都有其两面性，所以，勿庸置疑，____________。
When it comes to...most people believe that...but other people regard...as....提到_________问题，很多人认为_________，不过，一些人则认为______是____.When faced with....quite a few people claim that....but other people think as...提到_________问题，仅少数人认为________，但另一些人则认为_________。
Some people are of the opinion that..有些人认为_____________。
Some people contend that...has proved to bring many advantages(disadvantages)
有些人认为________有很多有利之处(不利之处)。
Those who argue for...say that...economic development of the cities.觉得_____的人认为，______ 城市的经济发展。
Some people advocate that....有些人在坚持认为_________。
They hold that...他们认为_________。
People who advocate that...have their sound reasons(grounds)
坚持认为______的人也有其说法(依据)。
Those who have already benefited from practicing it sing high praise of it.那些从中受益的人对此大家褒奖。
Those who strongly approve of...have cogent reasons for it.强烈认同_______的人有很多原因。
Many people would claim that...有人会认为___________。
People who support...give some or all of the following reasons.那些支持_________观点的人列出了如下原因：________。
But others hold the view that...但是，另外一些人则认为_______。
观点的用词：Attitude opinion 与其搭配的动词以及词组：Take have come up with，set forth put forward等。
But on the other hand there are also quite a few people who strongly advocate that...不过，另一方面，也有少部分人坚持认为_______________。
But people who are...on the other hand maintain that...不过，另一方面，________的人认为__________。
However there are a large number of people who hold a different view concerning this case.然而，很多人对此有不同的看法。
问题用词：Issue phenomenon，后接介词 on over等。
However some others argue that...然而，另一些人则认为_________。
However there are also some others who contend that...然而，也有人认为__________。
But other people set forth completely totally different argument concerning this case.不过，对于此，另一些人则持完全不同的观点。
Some people examine this issue from another angle.有的人用另一角度来看这一问题。
On the other hand there are also many opponents who strongly...另一方面，也有很多反对的人，他们认为_____________。
According to my personality and fondness I would prefer...rather than...根据我的个性以及爱好，我选择_______而不会选择__________。
Personally I side with the latter(former)opinion...就我个人而言，我支持后者(前者)___________。
Personally I am in favor of the former point of view.就我个人而言，我较同意前一种看法。
To my point of view 我认为
To my mind the advantages far overweigh the drawbacks(disadvantages shortcomings)
我认为，长处赛过缺点。
For my part I stand on side of the latter opinion that..就我而言，我较赞同后一种观点________________.As far as I am concerned I am inclined to be on the side of the latter view.在我看来，我较同意后一种观点。
If asked to make a decision I would prefer...假如真的需要作出选择，我宁愿____________。
展现问题篇
问题的常用词：question problem issue
Recently the issue of......has been brought into public focus.近来，_______的问题引起了社会的广泛关注。
Now we are entering a brand new era full of opportunities and innovations and great changes have taken place in people’s attitude towards some traditional practice.现在我们进入了一个充满机遇和创新的崭新时代，很多人对某些传统的看法也发生了很大改变。
Recently the issue of whether or not...has been in the limelight and has aroused wide concern in
the public.近来，是否_______的问题已经非常明确而且引起了社会的广泛关注。
The issue whether it is good or not to....has aroused a heated discussion all over the country.______的利与弊已在全国范围内引起热烈的讨论。
At present some people think....while others claim...Both sides have their merits.目前，一些人认为_______而另一些人则认为_______。其实，两种观点都其可取之处。People rarely reach an absolute consensus on such a controversial issue.对于这种极具争议的话题，我们很难作出绝对的回答。
People who support...give some or all of the following reasons.那些支持_________观点的人列出了如下原因：________。
But others hold the view that...但是，另外一些人则认为_______。
观点的用词：Attitude opinion 与其搭配的动词以及词组：Take have come up with，set forth put forward等。
But on the other hand there are also quite a few people who strongly advocate that...不过，另一方面，也有少部分人坚持认为_______________。
But people who are...on the other hand maintain that...不过，另一方面，________的人认为__________。
However there are a large number of people who hold a different view concerning this case.然而，很多人对此有不同的看法。
问题用词：Issue phenomenon，后接介词 on over等。
However some others argue that...然而，另一些人则认为_________。
However there are also some others who contend that...然而，也有人认为__________。
But other people set forth completely totally different argument concerning this case.不过，对于此，另一些人则持完全不同的观点。
Some people examine this issue from another angle.有的人用另一角度来看这一问题。
On the other hand there are also many opponents who strongly...另一方面，也有很多反对的人，他们认为_____________。
According to my personality and fondness I would prefer...rather than...根据我的个性以及兴趣，我选择_______而不会选择__________。
Personally I side with the latter(former)opinion...就我个人而言，我支持后者(前者)___________。
Personally I am in favor of the former point of view.就我个人而言，我较同意前一种看法。
To my point of view 我认为
To my mind the advantages far overweigh the drawbacks(disadvantages shortcomings)
我认为，优点胜过缺点。
For my part I stand on side of the latter opinion that..就我而言，我较赞同后一种观点________________。
As far as I am concerned I am inclined to be on the side of the latter view.在我看来，我较同意后一种观点。
After a thorough consideration for my part I am in favor of the latter view that...经过深思熟虑，我较支持后一种看法，亦即________________________。
If asked to make a decision I would prefer...如果真的需要作出选择，我宁愿____________。
附：万能模板范文（必看！）
下面模板的中文大意是：在某种场合，发生某种现象，并提供一些相关数据，然后列出这种现象的三个原因，并将三个原因总结为一个最主要原因，最后提出避免这种现象的两个办法。总的来说，利用这个模板写英语作文，是相当容易的，您只要将适当的内容，填写到对应的方括号中，一篇通顺的英语作文即可完成。下面就是这个模板。
Nowadays, there are more and more [某种现象] in [某种场合].It is estimated that [相关数据].Why have there been so many [某种现象]? Maybe the reasons can be listed as follows.The first one is [原因一].Besides, [原因二].The third one is [原因三].To sum up, the main cause of
[某种现象] is due to [最主要原因].It is high time that something were done upon it.For one thing, [解决办法一].On the other hand, [解决办法二].All these measures will certainly reduce the number of [某种现象].为便于读者理解，我特意用这个模板，写了一篇关于ghost writer(捉刀代笔的枪手)的示范性小作文，请您观摩一下。
Nowadays, there are more and more [ghost writers / 枪手] in [China“s examinations / 中国的考场].It is estimated that [5% examinees are ghost writers / 5%的应试者是枪手].Why have there been so many [ghost writers / 枪手]? Maybe the reasons can be listed as follows.The first one is [hirers” ignorance / 雇主无知].Besides, [hirers“ indolence / 雇主懒惰].The third one is
[hirers” obtusity / 雇主迟钝].To sum up, the main cause of [ghost writers / 枪手] is due to
[hirers" low IQ / 雇主智商低].It is high time that something were done upon it.For one thing,[flagellation / 鞭打].On the other hand, [decapitation / 斩首].All these measures will certainly reduce the number of [ghost writers / 枪手].一、预算会计的特点：
1、预算会计是以预算管理为中心的一门专业会计。
2、预算会计是一种宏观管理信息系统和管理活动。
3、预算会计主要适用于政府财政总预算以及行政事业单位预算的执行。
4、预算会计联同企业会计一起，构成我国会计的两大分支。
二、预算会计体系是如何组成的？其中哪种会计居主导地位？
1、财政总预算会计（主导）
2、预算外资金会计
3、行政单位会计
4、事业单位会计
5、参与预算执行的国库会计、收入征解会计和基本建设拨款会计等
三、中央财政与地方财政共享收入
1、增值税
2、营业税
3、企业所得税
4、个人所得税
5、资源税
6、城市维护建设税
7、印花税
四、专用基金收入与基金预算收入在管理上的相同与不同？
1、相同：它们都需要专款专用，不能随意改变用途，而且它们也都需要做到先收后支，量入为出。
2、不同：基金预算收入是财政部门按规定收取的纳入预算管理的资金收入，而专用基金收入是财政部门按规定设置或取得的在基金预算收入之外单独管理的资金收入。
五、财政总预算会计在管理财政性存款的过程中，应当遵循如下管理要求？
1、集中支付，统一调度。
2、严格控制存款开户。
3、根据预算和季度分月用款计划拨付资金。
4、办理转账结算，不提现。
5、在存款余额内支付，不得透支
六、固定资产的分类？
1、房屋和建筑物
2、办公设备
3、专用设备
4、交通工具
5、文物和陈列品
6、图书
7、其他固定资产
七、资产核算的特点?
1、有零余额账户用款和财政应返还额度。
2、对外投资部分长短期，调“事业基金”明细
3、债权不计提坏账准备
4、固定资产不计提折旧
5、材料大部分自用而非出售
第五篇：新东方四级英语考前复习资料
[分享]新东方四级英语考前复习资料
新东方四级英语考前复习资料
为大家奉上很有价值的一份笔记，希望大家能看贴回帖支持一下～～～
在阅读题和词汇语法题中，有这几个词的选项肯定是答案：beyond, entitle, availabel, bargain, lest, except for
在“自然科学”阅读中，有这几个词的选项肯定要排除：all, only, totally, compalatly, unlimiely.在“态度题”中，有这两个词的选项要排除：indiffrent（漠不关心的），subject（主观的）
作文题目强烈推荐－－－－－“网络的利弊”
词汇：（很有冲刺性）
come go keep hold get put make turn bring look call ask stand lay run live
以上词跟介词搭配必考几道！
重点记忆词汇－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－（括号内注明的是这次要考的意思）
bargain（见了就选）except for（见了就选）offer（录取通知书）effects（个人财物）gap（不足、差距）mark(污点、做标记)mind（照料、看管）moment（考了8次）present（拿出）inquire deliberate advisable accuse anything but but for consume with extensive at intervals origin preferable to procedure profitable property pace point range refuse refer to relief religion relatively release rise single sole spoil stick suit surprise urgent vary tense tolerant trace vacant weaken wear off
需要辨析的：
1.call off（取消、放弃）和 call up（召集、唤起）2.adapt to 和 adopt
3.arise 和 arouse 4.count on = rely on 5.cope with = deal with
6.no doubt 和 in doubt 7.employee 和 employer 8.general 和 generous
9.instant 和 constant 10.lie（及物）和 lay（不及物）11.regulate 和 regular
12.supply（有目的提供）和 offer（无目的提供）
语法：（分值小）
1． 虚拟语气：
表示建议的几个词：wish, would rather, had rather;
it is time that + 过去式；
it is high time that + 过去式；
but for、lest、as if、as though、would、should、could、might +动词原型。
2． 非谓语动词：
最常考：不定式 表示主动、将来，通常爱做后置定语；
其次考：分词 现在分词表示主动进行，过去分词表示被动完成。通常做状语。
再次考：动名词 动词名词化，做主语和宾语。
3． 时态：
按出题可能性大小依次为：将来完成时，过去完成时，现在完成进行时，现在完成时，一般现在时。
4． 语态：
肯定考被动。
作文：（肯定是议论文、最有冲刺性）
什么样的英雄是你心目中的英雄（有可能出）
适合才是找工作的关键（有可能出）
学校点名有没有必要
谈一下你对atm机的看法（有可能出）
防盗门窗有没有用
你对打折的看法
演讲稿的开头致欢迎词
独生子女的利弊
你怎么看待电视购物，电子购物
网络的利弊 －－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－（最有可能！）
阅读：
必考体裁：
1。美国文化生活实文
提示：1。friend,关于友谊；2。家庭，父母，养父母；3。“死亡”话题，安乐死；4。美国经济问题
2。教育学
提示：1。imitation(模仿)；2。中美教育差别；3。选专业，找工作
3。自然学科
提示：读什么选什么。＊只要有 all 或only 的选项就排除。
出题原则：
1． 转折原则：出现but、however肯定出题；
2． 原因原则：出现because、reason、witse（由于）、be dule to（由于）肯定出题；
3． 比较原则：在读文章时，遇到比较原则的特征词做出标记，以便定位；
题干当中出现特征词，回原文定位时，必须有相同或类似的说法出现；
要是选项中出现了特征词，如果要选，原文中必须有出处，但通常无出处，所以常排除。
特征词：best、first、last、no、all、none、primally、best、always、never、main、more„than„.as„.as„.、only、sole、unique
4．例证原则：例子本身不重，所支持的观点、论断最重要。
做题技巧：
－－－－－－细节题：
1． 文章议论顺序和出题顺序一致；
2． 从题干中寻找典型的特征词回原文中定位；
常用定位词：时间，地点，人名，特征名词及其定语
3． 从选项当中寻找一个与所定位内容意思最接近的作为正确答案。
排除法：1。分清有无，2。分清强弱，3。分清主次，4。分清正反，5。分清宽窄，6。分清全偏。
＊ ＊＊选项中有以下几个词则排除：totally, compalatly, unlimitely.－－－－－－态度题：
永远不可能为答案的词：indifrent（漠不关心的），subjuct（主观的）
常选词：
乐观、赞扬：positive（支持），accurate，optimistic（乐观的）
中立： objective（客观的）在自然科学文章中常作正确选项
neutral（中立的）在自然科学文章中常作正确选项
悲观、批评：critical（批评的），nejative，pessimistic（悲观的）
出处：1。主题句，2。例证的倾向性，3，修饰语的感情色彩
－－－－－－topic题（1个）：
1． 文章的topic（议论对象、说明对象）必须存在于正确答案当中；
在文章中寻找topic：从前不从后，从多不从少。
2． 排除：文章所谈的细节内容和段落内容永远不可能成为答案；
3． 主题句的出处：文章首句 或 首段末句 或 二段首句。
－－－－－－infer题（1—2个）：
1． 基本原则：从选项当中寻找一个与原文意思最相近的作为正确答案；
2． 从选项下手，运用排除法。
－－－－－－词汇和指代合在一起（出一题）：
1． 指代：在文章中找到位置往前找，离它最近的名词、词组和句子；
2． 词汇：从该词附近的定语从句、同位语、同位语从句、逗号和破折号中间的插入语并列结构去猜词。
（一）听力题型分析 ｉ、ａ节（section ａ）１、问题类型
ａ节每组对话一般是在一男一女之间进行的一问一答。问题一般由先讲话的人提出。题目均以问句形式出现，其中多数是特殊疑问句。这些问题涉及的内容大致归纳如下： ａ、多用来问以下内容：
１）问“是什么、要什么、讨论什么、什么种类”等，如： what is the man''s answer? what does the woman want for lunch? what are they talking about? what kind of books does the man want to borrow? ２）问“做什么”，如：
what does the woman tell the man to do first? what are the speakers doing now? what will happen if john fails the exam? ３）问“什么含义”，如：
what does the man mean(imply)? what does the woman''s answer suggest? ４）问“从对话中能获得什么信息或结论”，如： what can we learn from the conversation? what can be concluded from this conversation? ５）问“对某人或某事有什么看法”，如： what does the man think of miss brown? what does the woman think of the plan? ｂ、ａ节中用提出的问题主要问“对话可能是在什么场所发生的”，即： where does this conversation most probably take place? where does this conversation most likely occur? where are the man and woman? ｃ、可能问以下几个方面的情况： １）问钟点（可用替换），如：
man(m): what time did yesterday''s football match start? woman(w): it was supposed to start at a quarter to 7, but it was delayed an hour.question(q): when did the game finally start? ２）问在哪个星期或星期几（后者可用替换），如：
w: i thought to go to town now.i have some shopping to do.m: don''t spend too much, i won''t get paid until next week.q: when will he be paid? ３）问日期，如：
when will the winter vacation begin? ｄ、用提问的问题可以问原因，也可以问目的，如： why is the man late? why did the man repair the car by himself? ｅ、可能问对话者某一方的身份、对话人之间的关系或对话中涉及到的其他人的情况，如： w: may i help you ,sir? m: i hope so.it''s my watch.i brought it in to be repaired, but i''ve lost the receipt.q: who is the man? ｆ、主要针对以下内容提问：
１）问做某事的方式、方法或使用的交通工具，如： how did the teacher usually begin his class? how does the man usually go to work? ２）问“对某事的感受如何”，如： how does the man feel about the movie? how do you like the film? ｇ、问“多少”，属于涉及数字的题，可能有以下几种形式： how many persons...? how many dozens of...does...want? how much does...? how old is...? how long does it take...to...? ａ节的问句根据疑问词划分，大致可以归为以上七类。ａ节中偶尔也有个别一般疑问句。但也可能出现其它类型的问句，（如以whom,whose,which提问），或针对以上未归纳的内容进行提问。
（二）２、对话内容分类
若按对话内容分类，则可分为以下几种类型： ａ、时间类：包括直接型和计算型。如：
w: your library books are due on december 13th.if you have not finished using them by then, you may renew them once.m: thank you very much.i only need them for a few days.q: when must the man return his books to the library? ｂ、数字类：包括直接型和计算型。如： w: do you live in a college dormitory? m: yes, i do.it''s a six－man suite, but at the moment only four of us live there.q: how many people share the suite now? ｃ、地点类：包括直接型和含蓄型。如： m: i need to cash this check? w: will you step right over to the teller''s window, please? q: where is the conversation most probably taking place? ｄ、否定类：
此类对话既可以含有not,no,neither,nor等否定词，也有 but,although等转折词，或由would rather,too...to结构及虚拟语气等表达。因此，对于后者要特别加以注意。如： m: ann, do you have any extra money you could loan me? w: i wish i could help you.i went shopping yesterday.now i have only two dollars till the end of the week.q: will the man borrow any money from the woman? 此题的答案肯定是no。听这段话时要抓住i wish i could help you.这一关键话语。这句话虽然从表面上看是肯定式，但却隐含着i''m sorry i can''t help you.的意思。ｅ、人物类：
包括人物关系、人物身份两类。此类对话提供一个情节，能反映所涉及的人的关系或身份。如： m: good evening, madam.there is a table for two over there.this way, please.w: thank you.could i see the menu, please? q: what''s the relationship between the man and woman? a)husband and wife.b)waiter and customer.c)salesman and customer.d)host and guest.ｆ、活动类：
这一类谈话内容可涉及上课、娱乐、工作、日常生活等各种 情况。如：
w: are you going to new york next weekend? m: yes, i''m going to look up bill while i''m there.q: what''s the man going to do? 这类对话中往往先后出现几种情况，要注意听问句是什么，然后再作出选择。
（三）３、几种常见的解题方法
ａ节中的对话虽然简短，但多数情况下，往往不能从听到的内容中找到与选择项内容完全相同的部分，即对话中一般没有现成的答案。因此，在听的时候要注意抓住选择项的同义或反义词（组）用辨别法答题（解活动类多用此方法），或根据对话内容采用归纳、推论或辨别的方法回答。用这种方法答题，类型不仅仅限于诸如“what does the man mean?”这样的题目，其它如含蓄人物类、人物身份类、含蓄地点类、否定类题目也与此类似。如：
w: how do you like the play you saw last night? m: well, i should have stayed at home.q: what does the man think of the play? a)it is exciting.b)it is boring.c)he didn''t see the play.d)he like it very much.对话中“i should have stayed at home.”（我真该待在家里），这句话已婉转地表明他不喜欢这出戏，而对没有待在家里表示遗憾、后悔（should have done something这种结构可用来表示“对应该发生而实际上没有发生的事情表示遗憾、后悔或谴责）。能使他产生此感想的原因自然是”the play is boring.“（演出令人厌烦），因而ｂ是正确的答案。否定类题目多含有虚拟语气、语气否定、暗示比喻、强化意见等形式。这一节属于此数字类题目的对话中，多出现两处，甚至三、四处数字或时间，因此，除了用辨别方法外，有时必须用计算方法才能得出正确答案.（四）四六级英语写作类型
1． 体裁：说明文，议论文 最近几年的四六级作文的体裁以说明文和议论文为主。说明文如：how to succeed in a job interview（2000，12，四级）, how i finance my college education（2000，1 四级）, practice makes perfect，haste makes waste（97，1 六级）议论文如：don''t hesitate to say ”no“（99，1 四级和六级）, can money buy happiness（95，1 四级）, is a test of spoken english necessary？（2000，6 四级）reading selectively or extensively?(99，6六级)，do ”lucky numbers“ really bring good luck?(98,6 四级和六级)
2．段落类型：比较/对比，列举，程序等 说明和议论文章所采用的文章扩展模式一般以比较/对照，举例、列举、因果、程序等者居多。如：don''t hesitate to say ”no“, reading selectively or extensively等很多四六级写作中都涉及到两种观点的对比，整体的段落类型为对照型。practice makes perfect, harmfulness of fake commodities等可采用因果行的段落结构模式，也可以采用举例说明的结构模式。advantages of a job interview则应采用列举的段落扩展模式。
3． 出题方式：提纲式写作，中文提纲，一般为三句或两句。如：99年1月份考题directions: for this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic: don''t hesitate to say ”no“.you should write at least 100 words and you should base your composition on the outline(given in chinese)below.1.别人请求帮助时，在什么情况下我们会说“不”。2.为什么有些人在该说“不”的时候不说“不”。3.该说“不”时不说“不”的坏处。
再如：98年一月分考题directions: for this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic: harmfulness of fake commodities.you should write at least 100 words and you should base your composition on the outline(given in chinese)below.1.目前社会上有不少假冒伪劣商品(fake commodities)。为什么会有这种情况2.举例说明假冒伪劣商品对消费者个人、社会等的危害。
（五）论文类的常考思路: 1.题目难拟 2.资料难查 3.打字(机房总被占用)涉及词汇: 打字: laptop 手提电脑 坏了
打印: type it out －－>printer/computer 摘要: do some research －－>labrary 【research】 1.论文 2.报纸 3.文件 4.纸张 考点词汇: 演讲:(speech,address,report)－－>考点:1.提问难 2.应穿着正式的衣服(对话涉及)3.感到紧张(feeling nervous)图书管题目常考思路: 1.想借的书借不到 2.想还的书(已经过期)考点词汇: 关于费用:fare 交通费 rent 租金 fee 杂费 utilities 水电费 postage 邮资 tuition 学费 tuition feee 学杂费 罚款:fine 餐厅问题的常考思路: 校内食堂 cafeteria 关于make a reseration/book/reserve a table/menu/order/ 餐厅:fansy restanrant(豪华的)/meal ticket(饭票)/plate(盘子)/helpings(一人一份)机场内题目常考思路: 1.票已经卖完 2.接人晚点 3.送人伤感 考点词汇: board 登机
airplane/direct flight/first class(头等舱)/economy class(经济舱)/seat belt/take over/land(降落)/ wing(1.附楼 2.机翼)/terminal 1.终端 2.终点站 3.后机厅 交通类题目常考思路: 交通阻塞:1.traffic jam 2.back up 罚款(fine):1.break rules 2.go speeding 交通晚点:1.behind schedule = delay 2.on schedule = on time 打电话场景考试思路: 1.要约会的人约不到 2.约会去不了 3.电话打不通或者打错电话 考点词汇: coin:wrong out of coins －>cut off(被动)－>hang up(主动)－>hook(挂钩)－>receiver(话筒)－> slot(硬币投币口)过程: look up/pick up/drop coin in the slot/dial 医院类的题目思路: 1.医生难找 2.病情如何 getting better/worse 3.有病耽误 miss the class {reason:1.get ill 2.over sleep 3.traffic jam
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