第一篇:中考英语作文王牌备考以及策略
中考作文王牌备考策略
一、认真审题,确定时态人称,同时关注题材格式
时态:故事性文章一般用过去时,其中表达感受时可用现在时。说明性或议论性文章一般用现在时,举例时可用过去时。
根据题目要求也会出现时态的交错使用,如过去和现在的对比等。如果句中出现了时间状语,时态则要遵循时间状语。如ago,last„——过去时;next,in„——将来时等。人称:注意在句子中人称的统一。
例如:Thanks to the teachers, we have improved our English.其中we和our就是人称的统一。格式:注意书信格式的开头和结尾,一定要完整誊写到答题卡上。
二、找全信息点,紧扣主题,突出重点
切忌只看表格中或所列1、2、3中的信息点。一定把题读全,找齐信息点,建议用铅笔标出,写完后再涂掉。根据题目,可适当增加合理内容。
特别注意文章要有开头和结尾。
三、成文时表述正确,文字流畅
切忌与汉语提示的一一对应,使用所学表达方法将语义表达出来即可。先考虑句子结构(如主谓宾,主系表等)。同时注意短语的正确使用和单词的拼写,最好使用课本上学过的短语和句式。
四、文章结构清晰,重点句型出彩,可使文章在得分上提高一个档次
考虑文章的篇章结构,使用适当的连接短语,使文章结构紧凑。
常用连接词:
1.表文章结构顺序:
首先:First of all,Firstly/First,其次/第二:Secondly/Second„And then,最后:Finally,In the end,At last
2.表并列补充关系的:
甚至:What is more,另外:Besides,Moreover,In addition,进一步Furthermore,3.表转折对比关系的:
但是:However,but尽管:Although/Though+clause(从句),In spite of+n/doing 一方面…另一方面…:On the one hand…On the other hand…
一些人/物…然而其他人/物Some„,while others„
4.表因果关系的:
因为:Because,As,所以:So,Therefore,As a result
5.表换一种方式表达:换句话说:In other words
6.表进行举例说明:例如: For example,+句子;such as+n./doing
7.表陈述事实:事实上:In fact
8.表达自己观点:到目前为止我所知道的:As far as I know,在我看来:In my opinion
9.表总结(放于文章末尾一段):总之:In short,In a word,In summary
文中正确使用两三个好的句型,如:宾语从句、状语从句、动名词做主语等。宾语从句举例:I believe Tianjin will be more beautiful.(我相信天津将会更美丽。)状语从句举例:
If everyone does something for the environment, our hometown will become clean and beautiful.(如果每个人为环境做一些事,我们的家乡将会变得干净和美丽)
动名词做主语举例:
Reading books in the sun is bad for our eyes.(在太阳地下阅读对我们的眼睛有坏处)It's bad for our eyes to read books in the sun.常用状语从句句型:
1)时间: 当…时候:when,直到…才…not„until,尽可能快地:as soon as possible
2)目的: 以至于:so that+clause;to do(为了),为了:in order to
3)结果:如此…以至于:so+adj./adv.+that +clause(从句),too„to do(太„„以至于„„)
4)条件: 如果:if,unless(除非),as long as(只要)
5)让步:尽管:though,although,即使:even though,even if
无论什么/何时/哪里/谁/如何no matter what/when/where/who/ how
6)比较:和…一样…as„as„,(as beautiful as her 与她一样美)than(比)
五、认真检查,检查信息点是否全面,时态、人称是否一致,句子结构是否清晰,短语使用、单词拼写是否准确等。检查后,将草稿誊写在纸上,请注意按结构分段,书写清晰。
下面列举一些在检查中可发现的错误:
1.We live more and more comfortable.(我们生活得越来越舒适)
改正:comfortably(副词修饰动词)
2.we can get many informations by reading newspapers.(通过阅读报纸,我们得到更多的信息。)改正:much information(不可数名词由much修饰)
3.There has many programs in TV.(电视里有许多节目)
改正:There are many programs on TV.(There be句型和介词短语)
4.I think ride a bike can keep our health.(我认为骑自行车可以保持我们的健康)
改正:I think riding a bike can keep us healthy.(动名词作主语)
小窍门:对于语法以及句子贫乏的学生可以利用中考阅读理解或者完形填空单项选择的句型练习或模仿不同和作文相关的内容,特别注意修改总结和吸取范文中好的结构与表达方法,适当运用于自己的文章中。
必备常用句型/短语:
1.But every coin has two sides.(每个硬币都有两面)
2.I love places where the people are really friendly.(我喜欢人们很友好的地方)
3.It's best to do sth.(最好做某事)You‟d better+V.原形(你最好…)
You‟d better eat more fruits and vegetables.(你最好多吃水果和蔬菜。)
4.Why not +V.原形…?(为什么不…)
Why not give up smoking? 为什么不放弃抽烟呢?
5.We hope to relax.(我们希望放松。hope to do sth.希望做某事)
6.I'd like to join an English club.(我想要加入英语俱乐部。would like to do sth.想要做某事)
7.It‟s +adj.(important/ lucky/ difficult)+for sb.+to do sth.(做某事对某人来说…)
It‟s important for us to keep healthy.(保持健康对我们来说很重要)
8.not„until„ 直到„才„I didn’t go to bed until my mother came back.9.That is because + 句子 那是因为„
10.It is said that + 句子 据说„
11.There is no doubt that + 句子 毫无疑问„
12.It goes without saying that + 句子 不言而喻,毫无疑问
13.There is no need to do 没必要做„
14.as we all know, +句子 据我们所知
15.喜欢做某事 like / love doing;enjoy doing
prefer to do A rather than do B 宁愿做A也不愿做B
16.对…感兴趣be interested in doing她对打篮球感兴趣)
17.努力做„try to do;竭尽全力做„try one‟s best to do 我们尽我们努力去帮助人并且使得我们的城市更加美丽)
18.盼望做„look forward to doing;梦想做„dream of doing;
情不自禁地做„can‟t help doing;阻止某人做„keep / stop sb.from doing
忙于做„be busy(in)doing; be busy with + 名词
19.花费时间做„spend time / money(in)doing ;spend time / money on + 名词20.玩得开心have fun / have a good time / enjoy oneself doing 希望你将来梦想成真)我们相互之间相处得很好)
23.She always takes care of my daily life.(她总是照顾我的日常生活)
24.Here is my advice./ Here are some ways.(这是我的一些建议/方法)
25.Hope my advice will be helpful.(希望我的建议会有帮助)
26.Besides,另外,我们经常帮助父母做家务)(我们可以去医院为虚弱的孩子们加油打气)
28.I think it‟s lucky for us to have such good studying environment.(我认为有如此好的学习环境对我们来说很幸运)
29.We will study harder.(我们将会更加努力学习)
30….not only …, but also….不但…而且… 读更多的书不但有趣而且让我学得更好)
31.I‟m sure I‟ll have a meaningful summer holiday.(我相信我将会有一个有意义的暑假)
32.As a student, I‟ve learnt a lot from it.(作为一个学生,从它那学到了许多)
33.We should believe that our dream will come true by working hard.(我们应该相信通过努力学习我们的梦想会实现)
34.He does well in Chinese.(他在语文上很好)
35.I found it hard to catch up with others.(我发现赶上其他人很难)
36.I‟m very thankful to teachers.(我非常感激老师)
37.You can never imagine how excited I was.(你难以想象我多么激动)
38.There is a saying: “One apple a day, keeps a doctor away.”(有一句谚语说,一天吃一个苹果,让你远离医生)
39.What should we do?(我们应该怎么做?)
40.How time flies!Don‟t waste the time.(时间飞逝,不要浪费时间)
41.We should be polite to others and be friendly to the people around us.(我们应该对其他人礼貌,并且多我们周围的人友好)
中考预测题
1.2012学年开学的第一天,某校中学向学生家长下发了一份《关于禁止学生在校园内使用手机的规定》:周一至周五7:30-16:30,禁止学生在校园内使用手机,手机必须处于关机状态;如遇特殊情况,须得到老师同意方可使用,用毕立即关机。这一消息立刻被各大网站转载报道,网友们就这一事件也纷纷表达了自己的观点,有人赞同,有人反对,你的观点是什么?现在请你以“Should students use mobile phones?”为题,参照表内提供的信息,写一篇英语短文。
Should students use mobile phones?
Recently there has been a discussion among the people on the Internet about “Should students use mobile phones?”典型有关例句:1.Computer is becoming more and more important.(电脑变得越来越重要)
2.We should make good use of it.(我们要利用得很好)
3.It maybe get in the way of our study.(它有可能阻碍我们的学习)
4.We can do lots of things with it.(我们用它可以做许多事情)
5.It makes our life more easy.(它使得我们的生活更容易)
6.Nowadays mobile phones are becoming more and more popular among the middle school students.(现在许多中学生使用手机变得越来越流行)
2.饮食安全
假如你是一所国际学校校办英文杂志的学生编辑。你看了下面这封信后,也想写一篇关于该信的读后感,内容要点包括:你对此事件的看法;解释你的理由并提出你的建议;向受害者表达尽快康复的祝愿。Today,I received the reader‟s letter.I was shocked at it.Personally speaking,I think we should pay more attention to the food safety.The government must make some necessary laws.What‟s more,some businessmen shouldn‟t be only interested in making money.They must care about people‟s health.We„d better not eat anything in dirty places though some food is delicious,because eating unhealthy food does harm to our health.Finally,I hope the family in the accident will get better soon.
第二篇:中考英语作文备考
中考英语作文备考
一、与个人有关的
1、自荐类文章。参见夏令营,自荐做文化教师。Dear Miss Li, I am very happy to know that ×× School will start the summer camp.The middle school students from the Belt and Road countries will join it.I apply to be a teacher to introduce Chinese culture to them.I am interested in Chinese culture and I often talk with my classmates about it.In this summer camp, I’ll teach them how to speak Chinese, make dumplings and so on.What’s more, I’ll lead them to read Chinese poems and sing Chinese songs.In the evening, we’ll watch TV programs about Chinese culture.On weekends, we’ll hold some competitions about Chinese culture and the winners can get some souvenirs(纪念品)of traditional Chinese style.I’m sure they will enjoy themselves and learn a lot.I’m looking forward to learning from you.Yours sincerely,××
2、介绍个人习惯类文章。(发言稿)Good morning, everyone!
I’m glad to be here to talk about my habits.Everyone has a good and bad habits.So do I.I get up early and never stay up late.I like sports, so I often do exercise.In class, I listen to the teacher carefully and take notes.After class, I’ll finish my homework in time and do lots of reading every day.However, I often watch TV or play games for too long.I seldom help my parents with housework and I often eat junk food.Good habits are good for my whole life.I think I should develop good habits instead of bad ones.That’s all.Thanks for listening!
3、介绍他人类文章。
I am glad to introduce a good friend of mine.His name is Li Ming.He is in Class8, Grade9.He is very polite.When he meets his teachers or classmates, he always says hello to them.He also gets on well with others.He has made many friends.Whenever we have problems with our schoolwork, he is always ready to help us.He is kind to other people.He often tries his best to help people in need.Li Ming wants to be a useful man in the future.He is a model student for us and we should learn from him.4、个人安全类文章。(也属于社会问题)
How to Keep Ourselves Safe As children, we are not always safe in our daily life.So, I think it’s very important for us to keep safety in mind.Here are some of my suggestions.Every day we should walk to school with friends.We shouldn’t talk to strangers or go anywhere with them, or accept gifts from them without parents’ permission.School bullying(欺凌、恐吓)happens from time to time.To keep bullying away, we should talk to teachers or parents.Fighting can’t resolve(解决)problems.Internet is very useful these days, but there is also something bad on the Internet.It’s better for us to surf the internet with parents together.With the help of parents and teachers, we can grow up safe.5、与父母相处类文章。
Show Filial Piety(孝顺)for Our Parents Dear fellow students, As we know, parents are the most important people in our lives.They give us not only life but also unselfish(无私的)care along with our growth.So it is our duty to show filial piety for them and try hard to make them happy.As students, first, we should understand what they think about and be thankful for what they have done for us.Don’t behave rudely towards them.Second, we should spend a little more time at home, staying with them, sharing the housework.Third, we should, now and then, give them such pleasant surprises as a small gift at their birthday, school reports with good grades or teachers’ praise and so on.Fourth, we should stay and look after them when they don’t feel well.Action, boys and girls!Be better to parents right now.二、与别人沟通交流
6、感谢信类文章。感谢别人的帮助。
Dear Miss Wang, I’m glad to have the chance to write this letter.How time flies!I’ll graduate from the junior school soon, words can’t show my thanks to you.Three years ago, I was new in the class.I had no friends here and felt lonely.You encouraged me to make more friends.And you also told me how to study English well.With your help, I changed a lot.Now, I am outgoing.I would like to take an active part in various activities.I also improve my grades a lot.I’m so thankful to you for your kind help that I’ll work harder and try to do better in the future.Best wishes!
Yours,××
7、初中生活建议类文章。
My Advice on a Wonderful Junior School Life
I’m very glad to hear that you will be a junior student next term.Here are some suggestions for you.Firstly, you should have a positive attitude and make plans for studying.You need learn to be independent and communicate with others such as teachersparents and classmates.Secondly, you should not only study hard , but also pay attention to develop different kinds of interests and take part in more outdoor activities.Thirdly, when you are in public, you are supposed to follow the rules, keep yourself safe and help others who are in need.Finally, I think no matter when and where, if you have good manners and habits, you will get a happy life.Best wishes and enjoy your colorful middle school life!
三、其他社会热门话题
8、城市(家乡)发展类文章。作为一个中学生应该怎么做。
××is a beautiful city with a long history.It’s our hometown and it has changed a lot in the past few years.To make it be more and more beautiful, I often keep my room clean at home.On weekends, I do some cleaning in my neighborhood.I usually go to the park near my house on Sundays.I always collect the trash when I find it around the park.I never litter and I ask my classmates not to litter at school.Sometimes I plant trees on the hill near the school.My teachers take us to clean the streets once a month.There are a lot of things we can do.In order to make our city more and more beautiful, let’s work together and do our best.9、环保类文章。面对雾霾等越来越严重,环境大气污染问题我们应该怎么做。
As the haze weather(雾霾天气)is becoming more and more serious in many cities, people focus on(关注、聚焦)the environmental protection.As middle school students, what should we do? Something must be done to solve the problem.First, we should take buses or subways(地铁)instead of driving cars.If it is not far, we can walk or ride a bike.Second, we’d better not light fireworks during the festivals.Third, we are supposed to plant more trees.We shouldn’t throw away rubbish everywhere.In a word, we should try our best to protect our environment.The less pollution we make, the better life we will have.10、呼吁类文章(发言稿等)。公共自行车(共享单车)等的使用。
Dear friends,Nowadays, people can see that many bicycle parking lots have appeared(出现)in Changsha.They can provide many public bicycles for us.Not only can riding bicycles be good for the environment, but people can get more exercise.However, with the popularity of these bicycles, we should also pay attention to the ways of using them when we enjoy riding.For example, we are not supposed to stop our bicycles anywhere we want.What’s more, even though these bicycles don’t belong to us, it is still our duty to use them properly and prevent them from being damaged.If we can make full use of these bicycles, our life will be better and healthier.Thanks for your attention.11、调查类文章。关于互联网使用情况的调查。
Last week I made a survey about what to do on the Internet among some students.18% of the students like listening to music.26% of the students often watch movies.13% of the students prefer to do other things.We know we can do a lot of things on the Internet, but 28% of the students often use the Internet to play games.I think playing games is a waste of time.It’s bad for us.We’d better be away from it.We should use the Internet to do some useful things like studying English, searching for information and so on.
第三篇:英语中考备考作文
Two events in 2008
The year 2008 left us too many memories.But two of them are the most unforgettable.First, a big earthquake hit Si Chuan.It caused millions of deaths and destroyed many buildings.The second was the Olympic Games.It was so successful that everyone knew how strong China was!The two events let me know: Life is always filled with pain, frustration, and some other unexpected actions, the key is to change sadness into power.Don't be disappointed cause our strong country is always behind us.After I failed
Failure isn't rare.Everyone has ever failed.My biggest failure was last month's exam.I could hardly believe such low grades!However, I found out the leading reason quickly: I didn't have a good study method.I asked my mum for advice.She told me:“ Review the lessons carefully before you go to bed, recite the text after you get up.” I took them up.Sure enough, I achieved better grades the next week.In fact, failure isn't horrible cause it's the footstone and catalyst of success!
The person I never forget
Deep in my memory, there's a plump woman who I never forget——our Maths teacher.Without smile on her face, she's always strict with us.In fact, under her unfriendly face, there's an extremely friendly heart.Once I failed to work out a problem, I thought I was foolish and wanted to give it up.She encouraged me:“ High IQ doesn't tell the whole story, work harder, you can get good marks as well.”Till now, I still remember it clearly.She is the person I never forget.Things I want to do most
The summer holiday is coming closer and closer.It’s a good chance for me to do what I like.Firstly, I’d like to go swimming with my classmates.Not only to keep me fit, but also to improve the friendship between us.Secondly, I’ll listen to the music to relax myself.In the beautiful music, I can throw off all my worries.Thirdly, I want to read more books.Mum once told me “A person’s character is more important than his appearance” How I wish to do these things at once!
My colorful school life
I study in a beautiful school, and my school life is colorful.Every day, I have nine lessons.During the spare time, I talk about study and share study experience with my classmates.Teachers are friendly to us.They'll teach us patiently if we are confused.However, as the saying goes“ All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.” By playing the basketball on P.E lessons, I throw off all my worries and know the importance of team work.Art lessons also make my school life more enjoyable.How I wish not to leave my school!
第四篇:政治中考备考策略
关于初中政治中考复习策略的思考
忙碌而紧张的中考结束了,回顾初中政治中考复习备考过程,中考复习的效果如何?反思一下自己的政治复习备考工作,总结如下:
一、制定计划要详实
常言道,不打无准备之仗,复习过程中首先要有一个系统详实的计划,我的计划如下:
1、第一阶段复习(3、4月份)教材基础知识复习阶段
这一阶段复习要“过四关”
⑴记忆关。必须做到对基础知识的准确记忆。
⑵对比关。把全册教材知识按“原因类、意义类、本质类、基础类、根本类、制度类等类别进行分类训练,做好对比复习,避免混淆。
⑶系统关。按照全书——单元——课——框的模式建立全册知识体系,做到知识系统化。
⑷基本技能关。通过习题的训练掌握基本的答题方法与策略
2、第一阶段复习应该注意的几个问题。
⑴必须扎扎实实地夯实基础。中考试题按难、中、易为1:2:7的比例,基础分占总分的70%。中考很多基础题是课本上的原题或改造、必须深钻教材、绝不能脱离课本,因此要使每个学生对教材基础知识都能达到“理解”和“掌握”的要求,在应用基础知识时能做到熟练、准确。
⑵选择合适的复习方法,根据教材内在联系分类比较、归纳总结,掌握相互之间的区别和联系。
⑶全面了解学生的基本情况,体现“以学生为主体、以教师为主导、以训练为主线”,“及时反馈矫正”,“因材施教,分类推进”的原则,紧紧围绕教材,精心选题,顾全上、中等的学生,课堂教学实行“低起点、快反馈”的方法。
⑷注重思想教育,不断激发学生学好政治的自信心,并创造条件,尽量保证有升学希望的学生每节课有一次回答问题的机会,从而发现问题,让学生体验成功的乐趣。
2、第二阶段复习(4月份)时事政治专题阶段
(1)中考时事政治的考查方式有两种,一是选择题,考查学生对时事政治的了解。二是中考试题中用时事政治出的材料分析题,考查学生用所学的教材观点分析时事政治的能力。
针对这两种考查方式,确定这一阶段的内容有两个:其一是纯粹的时事政治的学习,时间大约2周。其二是结合教材知识对时事政治进行专题复习,用时也是2周。
(2)第二阶段复习时要注意的两个问题:
⑴针对时事选择题,采用方式是两个,一是按时间顺序,逐个背诵。这个没有什么好办法,只能背,但是教师要对时事政治进行有针对性的讲解,让学生能理解,在理解的基础上背诵。二是把时事政治按照政治,经济,军事,科技与文化,体育,环境与资源等专题进行分门别类背诵,避免混淆。
⑵针对中考试题中结合时事政治的材料分析题:
要教会学生将社会热点问题与教材所学的知识点紧密联系,把教材所学融入到时事政治。教师主要是提高学生运用教材观点解答时事政治材料分析题的能力,包括分析材料的方法、思考问题的方法和解答问题的方法。
3、第三阶段复习(5月份)教材专题复习,联系时事政治建立“热点知识库”。
1、本轮复习的内容有两个,其一是对教材基础知识进行专题复习,其二是把时事政治融入专题中,建立“热点知识库”
2、第三阶段复习时要注意的问题:
⑴第三阶段复习不再象第一阶段以框、课、单元为单位,而是以专题为单位。所以专题的划分要合理。划分专题可以遵循以下原则:基本国情→基本路线→基本战略、国策→基本纲领(经济、政治、文化、社会)→理想和责任五大模块。
根据这一原则,联系中考范围,具体可以这样来划分专题:
专题1
认清基本国情,坚持基本路线
专题2
坚持基本国策,实现可持续发展
专题3
实施科教兴国,提高自主创新能力
专题4
坚持基本经济制度,实现共同富裕
专题5
坚持基本政治制度,保证人民当家作主
专题6
弘扬民族精神,建设精神文明
专题7
树立共同理想,建设和谐小康
⑵注重以知识代题和以题代知识相结合。
题是千变成化的,一个知识点,可以从不同的角度来考查,因此我们要尽可能多的给学生列举出对同一个知识点的不同问法,让学生见多识广,避免出现“这道题书上没答案哓或张冠李戴”的情况出现。做到以题代知识。
反过来说一个知识点,不管题怎么问,有多少种问法,针对的知识点却只有一个因此在这个阶段的复习中,仍然要注重知识点的理解与识记,做到以知识代题。
⑶注重专题之间的横向联系。各个专题之间不是独立的,而是存在密切联系的,要使学生学会它们之间的横向联系。使学生明确专题之间的横向联系是非常重要的,对于解答综合考查的材料分析题很有帮助,使学生能从多角度回答问题,把时政融入专题中,以时事政治来促进对专题的理解,同时也能进一步加深对时事政治的理解,提高解答材料分析题的能力。建立“热点知识库”。
如:在进行专题2“坚持科教兴国战略,提高自主创新能力”的复习时,可引入以下时事政治:据有关部门透露,2014的国家科技奖励特点明显,中青年人才和海外归国人员成为科技创业的重要力量,表明国家实施的人才战略和鼓励海外归国人员为国家发展作贡献的政策措施正在发挥重要作用。
4、第四阶段复习(六月份)模拟训练,考前辅导
1.第四阶段复习的形式是模拟中考的综合拉练,意在提高学生的应变能力,指导学生查清自己在知识掌握方面欠缺的地方,抓紧时间补遗,研究历年的中考题,训练答题技巧、考场心态、临场发挥的能力等。
2.第四阶段复习应注意的几个问题:
⑴精心设计各种类型的试题。在复习过程中,教师要纵观全局,精心设计各种类型的试题。编写试题首先要选基础,即通过多练使基础知识在理解和应用上达到运用自如、熟练、准确、举一反三。
⑵选取薄弱环节训练。①对学生易出问题的知识点或思想认识不够的方面强化训练。练得多了,就化难为易。②要重点训练边缘生的失分题目。因为边缘生的学习情况既有代表性,又是提高班级成绩的关键。
⑶选类型训练,要让学生在训练的过程中见多识广,掌握各种类型题的特点和解题方法,训练他们的应变能力和解决问题的能力。
如:“发展先进文化的根本任务是什么”,对应的就应是“精神文明建设的根本任务”等。
二、注重基础找联系
中考思想品德虽然是考查学科的重点知识和主干内容,但具体到某个试题,其考查的范围不会停留在某个具体知识点的考查上,而是突出知识的生活意义和现实价值,强调知识间的相关、相通、相连性,强调对基础知识、基本理论融会贯通,最后落实到知识的综合运用上。这就要求学生在复习过程中不能机械的记忆知识点,而要注意对知识的整理,形成完整的知识结构,找联系,找线索,从整体上把握知识。具体做法是:按照教材单元章节顺序构建知识体系,便于学生熟悉,掌握教材基本知识,把握课本基本理论,帮助学生理清思路,整体把握。按照中考说明,将教材内容归纳成若干板块复习,例如:可以按道德教育、法律教育、国情教育三个板块来归纳复习,虽然难度较大,但针对性较强,效果也比较好。
三、学以致用重实践
在复习过程中我们要在夯实基础知识、把握知识之间联系的基础上,体会知识的现实意义,要结合时政和自身的生活实际多层次、多角度的运用知识分析、解决实际问题。近年来中考增加的活动探究类试题,就说明更加注重对学生实践能力的考查。所以在复习过程中,一定要树立将教材知识与现实生活联系起来的意识,关心国内外大事,关心生活,关心自我成长,让课本的知识和理论进入实际的生活中,成为生活的一部分。要善于运用教材知识观察生活、发现问题,并能认识、分析、评价社会生活,增强生活体验,丰富生活经历,实现教材知识与现实生活的交融。尤其要注意教材中活动课的内容和《课程标准》中活动层次的要求,这些内容和要求往往是命题的重点,有条件做到的一定要亲自实践,暂时没有条件的也要模拟实践,将活动的目的、主题、思路、方法等内容一一列出,体会生活的意义和过程,以增强解题的能力。
四、把握热点重专题
反映、体现重大时政和社会热点、焦点问题是中考思想品德命题的一贯原则,这也是落实理论联系实际,体现试题时代性、教育性的要求。近几年中考试题充分体现了这一点,尤其是非选择题全部取材于时政热点,这就启示我们在复习过程中,不能“两耳不闻窗外事”,要尽量做到“家事、国事、天下事,事事关心”。要了解党和国家重大方针政策,定期归纳重大时政,抓住重大热点问题,将其与教材知识和理论联系起来,找出热点与教材的结合点、联系点,形成专题。具体做法是:在复习时,用教材知识去分析、解读时政热点,使教材知识活起来;在学习时政热点时,要分析其体现或包含的教材观点和原理,将时政热点落实到教材中。专题性复习既能系统归纳教材知识,加深理解,巩固所学知识,又能提高运用知识分析、解决实际问题的能力。
五、举一反三善总结
在复习过程中,一方面要立足教材,夯实基础知识,另一方面又要适当做一些训练题,两者结合才能取得好的复习效果。不论是学习基础知识,还是做练习,都不能机械死板,要能举一反三,做到学“活”,练“活”。学“活”,就是要善于对教材内容进行分析总结,找出教材主干知识,抓住有运用价值,与现实生活联系紧密的内容作为复习的重点。如科技、人才、教育、环境、未成年人保护、公民权利与义务、基本路线、可持续发展、经济建设、思想道德建设等。练“活”就是面对大量的练习题、模拟题和各种复习资料,要善于选择,定期从内容与题型两方面归纳总结。从内容上分类,就是对相同或相近内容的题放在一起比较,总结答题角度、与现实生活的联系点、涉及的内容范围等;从题型上分类,就是对同一题型进行比较研究,找出共同点。总结答题的规律。
六、加强训练学方法
通过对测试试卷的分析,我们发现许多同学丢分,不是因为基础知识没有掌握好,而是没有正确把握答题的方法和技巧,突出表现为:审题能力差,答非所问;表达能力差,答案言不及义,不能正确使用政治概念恰当表述;考虑问题不全面,答案不完整;归纳、概括能力差,答案照抄照搬教材。要掌握正确的答题方法,就要加强有针对性的训练,在训练时要注意以下几点:
(1)仔细阅读材料,提取关键词和有效信息,找准答题角度。(2)注意把握解题思路,对于同一材料、同一知识点要从多角度、多层次进行思考。除了试题本身的设问角度外,还可以尝试从其他角度设问,并自己回答。(3)对重点题和典型题进行练后评析,分析失误之处,进行纠错,完善答案。(4)对往年中考试题进行分析也是必要的,自己先试着作答,然后对照原答案调整自己的思路,从中得到启发。⑸掌握考试的基本方法,要注意不要对材料不加分析,乱写一气,导致答非所问的情况。
第五篇:中考语文备考策略
把握考试方向,科学有序训练 ——中考语文复习策略
学生语文能力的形成立足于长期的积累和实践,但中考前夕的科学指导对考生答题的积极意义也是不容忽视的。如何在复习过程中加强实效性,关键在于教师能否运筹帷幄,删繁就简,使学生“温故”的基础上举一反三,在“知新”的基础上实现更完整更深入的理解与感悟。
一.学习和研究《考试说明》
语文复习的全过程,可以说是透彻理解和全面落实《考试说明》的过程,把知识点从整体上重新梳理一下,在复习中加强针对性的专题训练,并不断的归纳、领会、运用。克服复习的盲目性和随意性,力求使复习更具针对性和有效性。同时,注意研究各地中考试题,拓宽学生探究思路。引导学生多层次、多侧面、多角度,从点到面,从整体到局部地拓宽探究问题的思路,进一步提高学生的感悟能力。中考试题具有一定的导向功能,教师要注意研究每类试题的设计特点,评分标准,努力使平日的教学设计、训练评价以及语文活动与试卷的要求、试题的特点、评价的标准一致起来。通过学习,不但要提高学生的语文能力,而且还要在考试中取得好成绩。
二.精练习,夯实复习内容
练习题是学生掌握知识的载体,材料质量是保证复习效益和质量的最基本的前提和最根本的保证。时间对于初三学生尤其宝贵,教师要精选习题,保证习题的数量和质量,不搞无谓的重复。特别是记叙文、议论文、说明文,最有效的训练手段应该能够引起学生的有意注意,站到更高的角度去审视习题的特点和规律,使学生收获的不只是关于一篇练习的体会,而是一种答题的方法和思想。可以在训练新的知识点的同时,对旧知识、旧方法进行穿插式的回顾练习。复习中注意总结规律方法,举一反三,选题注意前挂后连,循环训练,循环强化,从而夯实复习内容,保证训练的效率。
三.文言文字字落实,注重方法
通过多次考试,我们发现文言文翻译仍是弱项,暴露出很多问题,如没有字字落实的意识,关键词翻译不准,失分严重。我们应明确一个原则:直译为主,意译为辅。要求学生作到字字落实,忠实原文,在确实无法直译时,才酌情采用意译手段。注意对重点课文的反复诵读与识记,重点词语反复训练。(有的高中学校采用自助餐的方式,让学生每天翻译一小段,或两三个句子,强化翻译意识,提高翻译能力)七到九年级的文言文要越读越熟,至少要复习2-3遍,一遍的复习周期要越来越短。同时加大课外文言文的训练诵读与练习,这一点可穿插其中,课内与课外循环往复,螺旋式上升。
四.要反扣课本
由于复习时间跨度较长,历时2--3月之久。一般而言,学生对课本重点内容的遗忘会比较严重。词语、诗文名句、文学常识、文言实、虚词的意义、名著阅读等内容同样需要穿插复习。教师定期检查,保证课本内的知识不能丢分,做到滴水不漏。但仍要注意时间分配,不能在课本里跳不出来。
五.学生表述要规范
学生语言表述规范,不仅有利于在人群中的交流与沟通,而且答题也能充分反映出自己真实的语文能力,提高考试的成绩。在教学中要注意培养学生良好的语言表述习惯,引导学生回答问题要注意语气适中,相互承接,主次分明,先后准确,文通句顺,言简意赅。
六.加强作文教学
写作是一项综合性很强的语文实践活动,是语文的半壁江山,仅靠每学期8篇大作文,是难以提高学生作文成绩的。要加强学生的写作训练,如写小作文、周记(日记)、调查(访问)记等;调动学生的写作兴趣,激发学生的写作热情;要加强指导,加强各类文体的写作指导,加强审题的指导,加强选材的指导,加强布局谋篇的指导,加强写作方法的指导,加强语言运用的指导,加强作文修改的指导;对各种文体进行适度训练,不要考什么文体就练什么文体,不考的不练,造成学生写作缺失,要以记叙文训练为主兼写其它文体;要增加学生的写作样式,如:缩写、扩写、续写、插写、改写,整篇练习、片段练习、仿句练习等;要走出“淡化文体”的误区。作文教学过程中不要被单一的文体要求,挤压了学生的思维的空间,给学生以自由选择文体的权利,更好地挖掘学生的写作潜力。
1.强化语言关,努力凸现文章的视觉效果
综观几十年的考场作文,高分作文无不是语言畅通、文采飞扬的。要求学生体现“六个一”:拟好一个题目、写好第一段、写一组排比句、引用一句名言名句、写一个好结尾,写一副好卷面。注重文章的整体性,好题目,好开头、好例子、好段落、好结尾,议论文要尽早提出观点,观点鲜明,行文中要有意识的多扣题,关键词要不断出现,不乱编故事,不对原材料简单扩写或仿写,答题要规范,慎重下笔。考场作文阅卷教师平均2分钟阅一篇作文,所以作文绝对不能饶弯弯,不能搞含蓄,作文开头第一段、第二段考生就要把看家本领拿出来,让阅卷教师刚看就叫好,有许多尖子生作文考不过普通生,原因就是没有做到一开头就切入主题,打个比方,作文不是“碧螺春”漫漫品,而是“二锅头”,看第一眼就有强烈的刺激反映。
2. 限时写作,加大考场作文训练力度
让学生在考试中写出好文章,因此要调动学生进入竞技状态,限时写作,注意训练学生审题、立意、选材、腹中成篇的思维活动。备考训练时,引导学生要耐住性子,不要心浮气躁,纠正没想好就写、边写边改的不良习惯。(作文速度,45分钟—50分钟必须写完作文,须达到650字以上,若时间不足,应教会学生学会结尾,力求结构完整。)
中考复习最忌心浮气躁,急于求成。指导复习的教师,应给学生一种乐观、镇定、自信的精神面貌。要扎扎实实地复习,一步一步地前进,合理而充分地利用时间,使学生轻松、自信地去摘取中考胜利的丰硕果实。