第一篇：课后翻译练习
硕1008班 周重见 学号3111007025 材料科学与工程学院
翻译作业:课堂作业1
西安交通大学是教育部直属重点大学,其前身(grew out of, her predecessor was…..)是1896年创办于上海的南洋公学(Nan Yang College).1921年改称交通大学.1956年根据国家经济建设发展战略的需要,国务院决定将交通大学的主体(main body)迁往西安.1959年正式定名为西安交通大学.并被列为全国重点大学.西安交通大学是国家”七五”,”八五”重点建设的几所大学之一(with the priority in construction during the period of the 7th and 8th Five-year Plans),也是首批进入国家”211工程”建设的七所大学之一..在国家实施的”面向21世纪教育振兴行动计划(National Program of Action for Educational Revitalization toward the 21stCentury)”中被国家列为我国中西部地区唯一一所以建设世界知名高水平大学为目标的高校.2000年4月经国务院批准,西安医科大学,陕西财经学院与西安交通大学合并.Xi’an Jiaotong university , a Key universities directly under the Ministry of Education, is grew out of Nanyang College founded in 1896 and renamed Jiaotong university 1921.In answer to the national economic development strategy ,the state council decided to move the main body of Jiaotong University to Xi’an in 1956.The school was renamed Xi’an Jiaotong university in 1959 meanwhile the school was listed as key university in China.It has become one of a few universities with the priority in construction during the period of the 7th and 8th Five-year Plans and also one of seven universities which entered the construction of “211 project” of China.Xi’an Jiaotong university was listed the only one university whose target is to built a world famous university in western China in the National Program of Action for Educational Revitalization toward the 21stCentury.In April of 2000, approved by the State Council, it was merged with Xi'an Medical University and Shannxi Institute of Finance and Economics.课堂作业 2
在全球经济一体化的21世纪，市场的响应速度已成为企业赢得竞争的重要因素。三维CAD,RP,RE,VM,ERP和高速特种加工（machining）技术应运而生（come into being as the times require），支持着产品快速开发上市。同时，网络技术和制造技术的发展也大大缩短了时空距离，使产品的快速响应制造在全球制造资源范围内得到了有力的支持，信息化时代正向我们走来。21世纪是知识经济的时代。知识含量高、信息含量高的高技术产品对广大从事制造业的学者、工程技术人员和商家提出了更高的要求。作为国民经济支柱之一的制造业正面临着一个如何提升自己的创新能力、开发能力和竞争能力，以快速响应市场的严峻挑战，这就是21世纪知识经济的竞争形势。我们每一个制造界的工程技术人员都有责任贡献自己的聪明才智，致力于产品的创新和快速开发研究。
The market response time became an important factor for the enterprise to win the competition in 21st century’s global economic intergration.In this situation the 3D CAD ,RP,RE,VM, ERP and high speed machining come into being as the times require supporting the rapid development and manufacture of the products.Meantime ,space--time distance has been greatly shortened with the development of the Internet and manufacturing technologies, making the fast response manufacture of the products getting the powerful support within the global manufacturing resources.The information age is coming.The 21st century is knowledge-based economy era.High--tech products with rich knowledge and information put forward higher requirements of those scholars, engineers and businessmen engaged in in the manufacture industry.Manufacture industry, one of the pillars of the national econom, is facing a severe challenge ofpromoting their innovative capacity, development ability and competitiveness to quickly response to the market, This is the competitive situation of the 21st century ,a knowledge economy era.All of the engineers in manufacture industry field have the responsibility to contribute their intelligent to the innovation and quick research of the products.
第二篇：行业英语TextA课后翻译练习
U1各种市场供给形成顾客价值和满意度，顾客据此来判断是否购买。满意的顾客会再次购买，并告诉别人他们的好经验。不满意的顾客转投竞争对手，向他人贬低该产品。顾客价值和顾客满意度是开发和管理顾客关系的关键组成部分。
U2 连锁商店一般由10家或10家以上的零售商店组成，执行标准化管理，采用统一的商品采购和配送制度，统一的经营管理标准，采购和销售分开。所有的商品都通过总部采购；根据合理化库存流程、质量和新鲜度，某些商品可以直接供给和配送零售店。其他的商品都是通过总部统一配送。连锁商店由总部、零售店和物流配送中心构成。
U31.国际贸易是跨域国家界限及领土的商品与服务间的交换。
2.国际贸易是也是经济学的一个分支，和国际金融一起构成国际经济学这个更大学科分支。日益增长的国际贸易是全球化的基础。
3.一个国家可以不进口某项生产要素，而通过进口能密集使用该生产要素的商品体现该生产要素。
4.经济强国通常大力支持自由贸易，尽管他们会对具有战略重要性的产业实行选择性保护主义。
5.贸易壁垒是一个描述任何限制国际贸易的政府政策或法规的通用术语。
U4 安达信咨询公司（现为埃森哲）首次把第四方物流提供商的概念定义为集成商。它把自己组织和其他组织的资源、能力和技术整合起来，进行设计、建构和运行综合供应链解决方案。第三方物流服务提供商把功能作为目标，而第四方物流把整个过程的管理作为目标。有些人把第四方物流形容成一个总承包商。由他来管理其他的第三方物流，卡车司机，货运代理，海关代理和其他方面，尤其是负责为顾客提供一个完整的服务过程。
U5 电子商务有8个基本的特征。前3个特征涉及到电子商务环境的全球性。普遍性意味着商业交易或活动可以在任何时候、在世界上的任何地方进行。全球影响力是指一个企业能获得的潜在消费者的数量；这意味着高水平的全球互联网连接。通用标准是指世界共享的标准，这意味着电子商务是在拥有协议方法和系统的标准平台上运行的。
U61.用最简单的话来说，广告是某种商品的销售者或制造者通过一种或多种媒体与消费者进行沟通的方式。
2.今天大多数广告的目的是传递某个商品的多重复杂信息，也叫品牌塑造。
3.作为消费者，我们更为熟悉的可能是整个品牌，而不是单个产品。
U8电子商务的影响使酒店业创建和发展了自己的电子商务模式。酒店电子商务是一种创新的服务，被称为“全面解决方案”。它向行业内各种规模的酒店提供分销、服务和支持，以便他们为潜在客人提供更多的设施和支持服务。例如，酒店使用这种资源来提高适应全天候的客人需求的可能性。为了熟练掌握瞬息万变的电子商务技术，必须开展正式的在职培训。酒店电子商务最突出的好处是降低劳动力成本，提高生产力、收入，增加客户服务的便利性和市场竞争优势。
第三篇：高级英语第一册 课后翻译练习汇总
Lesson 1The Middle Eastern Bazaar 1)一条蜿蜒的小路淹没在树荫深处
2)集市上有许多小摊子，出售的货物应有尽有
3)我真不知道到底是什么事让他如此生气。
4)新出土的铜花瓶造型优美，刻有精细、复杂的传统图案。
5)在山的那边是一望无际的大草原。
6)他们决定买那座带有汽车房的房子。
7）教师们坚持对学生严格要求。
8）这个小女孩非常喜欢他的父亲。
9）为实现四个现代化，我们认为有必要学习外国的先进科学技术。
10）黄昏临近时，天渐渐地暗下来了。
11）徒工仔细地观察他的师傅，然后照着干。
12）吃完饭弗兰克常常帮助洗餐具。Frank often took a hand in the washing-up after dinner.Lesson 2 Hiroshima-the Livest city in Japan
1)礼堂里一个人都没有，会议一定是延期了。
2)那本书看上去很像个盒子。
3)四川话和湖北话很相似，有时很难区别。
4)一看见纪念碑就想起了在战斗中死去的好友。
5)他陷入沉思之中，没有例会同伴们在谈些什么。
6)他干的事与她毫无关系。
7)她睡不着觉，女儿的病使她心事重重。
8)这件事长期以来一直使我放心不下。
9)他喜欢这些聚会，喜欢与年轻人交往并就各种问题交换意见。
10)大家在几分钟以后才领悟他话中的含义。
11)土壤散发着青草的气味。
12)我可以占用你几分钟时间吗？
13)你能匀出一张票子给我吗？
14)那个回头发上了年纪的人是铜匠。
Lesson 4 Everyday Use for your grandmama
1.一场大火把贫民区三百多座房子夷为平地。
2.只要你为人正直，不怕失去什么，那你对任何人都不会畏惧。
3.尽管发生了水灾，今年农业生产损失并不严重。
4.这件衬衣与裙子的颜色和式样都不相配。
5.咱们一边喝咖啡一边谈这件事吧。
6.我怎么也不能想象你能做出不光彩的事来。
7.他无法想象为什么人们反对他的看法。
8.这位官员在下汽车时碰到两个恐怖分子。
9.只要我们坚持这些原则，我们就会成功。
10.这个消息使她大为震惊，但她很快就镇定了下来。
11.这段引文的来源很难查找到。
12.他们的生活方式可以追溯到一千多年前他们的祖先所开创的古老传统。
Lesson5 Speech on Hitler's Invasion of the U.S.S.R.1)这对农村和城市都一样适用。
2)他指望他们给予支持。
3)我不记得他是怎么说的，但我肯定他讲话的大意是那样的。
4)邱吉尔说：“告诉斯大林，英国只有一个愿望——击败希特勒。”
5)在那个国家只剩下百分之九的人是文盲。
6)他们别无选择，只好依靠他的努力了。
7)客人们对受到的热情接待感到过意不去。
8)他们用出其不意的进攻打垮了敌人。
9)他们的困难就是我们的困难，正如我们把他们的胜利看作是我们自己的胜利一样。
10)很清楚，德国法西斯企图使那个地区的人民屈服于他们的统治。
Lesson 6 Blackmail
1.不用着急，慢慢来。
2.你的意思是说我在撒谎吗？
3.他企图尽一切办法掩盖事情的真相。
4.虽然成功的机会很少，但是我们仍然要竭尽全力去干。
5.如不另行通知，我们的会在明天上午十点开。
6.我们俩谁也不善于计算数字。
7.假定我五点出发，我们在黄昏前能到达那里吗？
8.他不愿意依从她的要求。
9.我知道你是南方人，一听你的口音就知道了。
10.在这件事情上，我们没有任何选择的余地。
Lesson 7 The Age of Miracle Chips
1.现代化的电子计算机除了数据处理以外，还有做出决定和选择的能力。
2.这个装置能够在一、两秒钟之内把信息发到另一个半球去。
3.这种新产品正在成批地生产。
4.学生们正在收集与卫星技术有关的材料。
5.你认为农业机械化会对我国农民的生活产生什么样的影响？
6.请你给我简单地总结一下上周的新闻。
7.采用电子计算机才使得他们有可能快色地高效地完成任务。
8.再过若干年，莆田的家庭都可以买得起电视机了。
9.计算机早在很久以前就存在了，而现代的电子计算机就是从过去的计算工具逐渐发展而来的。
10.尽管这些神奇的集成电路片有数不清的性能，但还需要由人为他们编制程序。
11.据估计，到今年年底，全世界酱油十二万个机器人在各个岗位上为人类服务。
12.这种仪器便于携带，因此对勘探人员很方便。13.我看你的电视机需要修理一下，显像管似乎有点毛病。
Lesson 8 An Interactive Life
1.星期六演出的票已经没有了，咱们干点别的过周末吧。
2.这种套裙的各种尺码都有。
3.据我所知，这是他们到目前为止相处的最有实际意义的项目。
4.孩子们玩电子游戏玩得十分开心。
5.那场话剧真没意思，我们几乎笑不出来。
6.“Tailoring”（人才培训）目前是跨国公司主管人员帮手中最流行的行话。
7.音乐台的节目成功地顾及到不同背景的挺重所拥有的不同类型的兴趣和品味。
8.一些小报竭力迎合一部分读者的低级趣味以便赚钱。
9.这家炼油厂每年的炼油量约为一百万吨。
10.一个能容纳八万观众的体育馆正在兴建之中。
11.这些珍贵的档案首次向研究人员开放。
12.只有少数几个人了解这个案子的细节。
13.随着时间向前推移，医学科学中的一些尖端领域不断被攻克。
14.这两名选手竞争激烈，他们密切监视对方的每一行动。
15.父母把希望寄托在儿子身上，所以决定将他送入一所昂贵的私立学校。
16.他对各种新鲜事物都感兴趣，对电脑更是特别喜爱。
Lesson 9 Mirror of America
1）对贫困的担心使他忧虑重重。
2）洞庭湖盛产鱼虾。
3）汤姆的聪明丝毫不亚于班上的第一名学生。
4）我认识他，但我们说不上是朋友。
5）在压力下，他别无办法，只好离职。
6）最后他被她说服了，决定改变原计划。
7）那时许多儿童死于天花。
8）他发现船舱里进了很多水，十分惊恐。
9）孩子们考试成绩优异，家长和教师都很满意。
10）彼得的特点真是如此。
11）直到半夜医生才做完手术。
12）历史课使我对古代文明有所了解。
13）老作家根据这个民间故事写成了一个电影剧本。
14）新上演的那出话剧充分表现了中国人民大无畏的革命精神。
Lesson10 The Trial That Rocked the World
1)A lower court ruled in the parents’ favor, but the decision later was reversed.2)The legislative branch enacts laws;the executive branch enforces them, and the judicial branch interprets them.3)Three witnesses appeared in court to testify to his innocence.4)They called for a speedy and public trial by an impartial jury.5)In US.courts, when witnesses swear to tell the truth, they are asked to place one hand on the Bible.6)“God helps them that help themselves.”
7)Judges are supposed to treat every person as equal before the law, whatever his race, nationality or religion.8)Barristers are lawyers who present and plead cases in law courts.Barristers
9)As “counsel for the prosecution” a barrister will try to prove the accused person's guilt.As “counsel for the defense” he will defend the accused.1)当时形而上学十分猖獗。
2)我没有预料到会卷入这场争端。
3)如果你想学到一些东西，那你就应该自己参加到这项工作中去。
4)陪审团裁决他有罪，法官判了他三年徒刑。
5)虽然种族隔离是违法的，但种族歧视在美国仍然以不同形式存在着。
6)他认为这两个观点是可以一致起来的。
7)他好像也就接受这个主意了。
8)观众对被告充满了同情心。
9)当时伦敦的报纸认为纳粹德国即将垮台。
10)他估计手头的侦察员只有三至五人。
11)合同签定后不久，工程就开始进行了。
Lesson11 But What's a Dictionary For?
1)We have come to terms.2)He always considers problems in terms of money.3)They speak of the boy in terms of praise.4)The two countries have kept on good terms since then.5)You must set it down to his account.6)We set down our success to your help.7)His parents set him up as a lawyer.8)They were held up by fog.9)It's hard work.But you must hang on.10)She has turned to singing.1）谐趣园是仿照无锡的一座花园造的。
2）他号召孩子们以解放军英雄为榜样。
3）这本书应归入哲学类。
4）本杰明?弗兰克林不仅是政治家而且还是科学家、发明家。
5）他把每次试验的结果都记在本子上。
6）你能用简明的语言概括这首古诗的中心思想吗？
7）我们应不断地使自己的思想适应变化的情况。
8）年轻的士兵冻死在雪地里，手中还紧握着枪。
9）该公司将为他们提供住宿和交通工具。
10）车速限制在每小时五十五公里之内。
11）电报转达了首都人民对震区人民深切的关怀。
12)关于作者本人的情况，你能从文章本身猜出些什么？
13)她特别喜欢古典音乐
14)教师让学生多用英英字典，而不要总用英汉字典
Lesson12 The Loons
1.我们骑车去香山好吗？
2.只有在妈妈去世之后，女儿才意识到自己开始更了解母亲了。
3.她沉默寡言，总爱独自一个行动。
4.看到他脸上那副滑稽的样子，她禁不住大笑起来。
5.这笔款子不是他的，是他向朋友借的。
6.这些移民第二代仍感到处于主流文化的边缘，无论是在白人社会还是华人社会中他们都找不到恰当的位置。
7.这一对美国夫妇让他在客厅的沙发上睡了一夜。
8.她张开嘴，但没说什么，口张得圆圆的，好像要唱一支歌似的。
9.他问我应如何着手学习第二门外语。
10.这条法规已于去年停止生效了。
11.这些重要消息没有在报上登出来。
12.我觉得很难说服他改变主意。
Lesson13 Britannia Rues the Waves
1.石油是许多中东国家国民经济的主要命脉。
2.第三世界国家决心独立地发展自己的工业。
3.一些西方国家担心产油国会用削价的办法把他们生意搞垮。
4.英国政府答应提供解决失业问题所急需的钱。
5.沙特阿拉伯已知石油储量在世界上是遥远领先的。
6.中国人民经受了文化大革命的严峻考验、7.这些老战士饱经了二次大战多次战役的考验。
8.我们离四个现代化目标还有很大差距。
9.许多科技人员正努力学习外语，以便阅读第一手参考资料。
10.美国国会批准了这项条约，使它立即生效。
11.一座新的电报大楼即将完工并交付使用。
12.伊拉克的扩张主义收到了世界各国报纸的抨击。
13.这个国家的军备开支每年以百分之四到百分之五的比率增长。
Lesson14 Argentia Bay
1.我们相信胜利在望。
2.他们警告说还没有明显的解决办法。3.宾主祝酒完毕，乐队开始演奏一首美国民歌。
4.他们第一次见面之后就建立了友谊。
5.为了提高选词的能力，你要注意词义上细微的差别。
6.非洲国家可能要求采取更严厉的制裁措施。
7.我没有要求他做进一步的解释。
8.世界各报的注意力都集中在日内瓦举行的最高级会议上。
9.数以千计的示威者走上了街头。
10.记者们的印象是这一公报具有重大的历史意义。
11.上周美国总统从中东回来，发现国内能源战线上在进行一场新的激烈战斗。
12.将军又累又失望，休息得比往常早，结果刚过午夜就被叫醒了。
13.这次投票的意义绝不仅仅是批准关于运河的条约。
14.我们更仔细地看了看，看看是否有什么我们过去没有看出的含义。
15.这个山涧发出的声音很像琴奏的乐声，因此得名“玉琴山泉”。
Lesson15 No Signposts in the Sea
1.他对水彩画很有鉴赏力。2.女儿大胆地表示不同意父母对她婚事的安排。
3.由于贫困的逼迫，他开始进行偷窃活动。
4.在旅途中，我看小说，以消磨时间。
5.我想你一定度过马克·吐温的书。
6.他的全部注意力都集中在这个问题上，而不顾其他的问题。
7.不立刻做出正确的决定将会使整个事情很困难，如果不是不可能的话。
8.问题堆积如山，我们必须尽快地解决。
9.哨兵每四个小时换一次岗。
10.他的话里带有一点讽刺的味道。
11.童年的会议渐渐淡漠了。
第四篇：课后翻译 - 副本
U1effective 翻译一:Outlines are essential to
make together, sure speeches.that related By outlining, you one to another, and that the structure of that your thoughts ideas flow from are your probably speech is coherent.You will your use two kinds of outlines for outline and the brief speaking outline.speeches-the detailed preparationshouldIn a preparation outline, you central state and idea, your and specific purpose and pattern.sub-points identify using a main points consist of brief notes to help you while The speaking outline consistent should you contain key words or phrases to bolster deliver the speech.It should your speaking memory.visual outline, In follow making up your preparation framework used the in same your outline as brief as possible and be sure outline.Keep the speaking it is plainly legible.过写发言提纲，你可以确保你的想法发言提纲是有效发言的基础。通是相关联的，你的思路从一点谈到另一点，准备讲演你可以采用两种提纲方式：你的讲话结构是连贯的。通常，详细准备提纲和简单发言提纲。定目的及中心思想，并以连贯的方式在准备提纲中，应该写出你的特 确定主要观点和次要观点。发言提纲应该由简要的提要组成，这些提要在你讲话时能够给予你一些帮助。发言提纲还应包括帮助你记忆的重点词或重点短语。在写发言提纲时，可采用准备提纲的发言提纲简要，同时，要确保提纲清 糢式。尽可能使你的晰、易于辨认。先要做好充分的准备；其次，你演讲翻译二:当你发表学术演讲时，首的主要观点要明确，层次要清楚。演讲时，语速不要过快，语言要清晰。不要总是在读你准备好的稿子。最后，你应该经常看一下你的听众。这样，一方面你对你的听众表示尊重，另一方面，你可以更顺利地进行你的演讲。speech, you should, first of all, get wellBefore
you deliver an academic prepared your major points clear in your speech, for it.Then, you should make and organized.When speaking, you should your speech should be well not should speak the be too explicit.fast, and Don’your t always language read From time to time.notes you prepared beforehand.your show audience.you should look at and on the other hand.you will be able your respect On one to your hand, audience, you can to smoothly.go on with your speech more U2
翻译一with human human :Energy well-being.has a dual relationship concerned history, man For has most been of side thanks of the mainly about the benefit energy to the energy-well-being low costs equation staggering use.However, involved with the in brought unprecedented forth scale by of energy 100 years demand of coupled growth with population growth, industrial in per an capita equally remarkable increasingly higher costs, both external energy forms, energy demand entails of and energy internalized.On the one hand, accelerating resources requires speed are and reducing at an hand, higher input.energy On the supply worrisome the external costs seem other more serious safety, threats because ecosystem, and may trigger large-scale keeps disrupting to public energy health use poses the global and military conflict.人类历史发展长河中，由于利用能源能源和人类利益有着双重关系。成本低廉，人们主要关注能源和人类安康关系中有利的一面。然而，过去一百年以来人口以空前速度增长，引起了能源需求的激增，同时，人均工业能源需求亦急剧增长，因此，能源利用所需成本越来越高，无论是外延成本还是内涵成本。一方面，能源资源加速减少，能源供应所需投入越来越高；另一方面，相比之下，外延成本更加令人忧虑，原因是能源利用严重威胁大众健康和安全，不断破坏全球生态系统，并可能引发大规模军事冲突.影响能源供应的资金成本难以量化，翻译二：以上各种因素究竟如何部分原因是许多非环境因素实际上同环境因素互相交织在一起。比如，造成工程施工延误的原因，不但有管理上的限制，而且有工程、管理以及质量监控等方面的问题。然而在美国，过去油产品供应的资金成本至少上升了20年中由于环境影响，石25%,则上升了而火电和核电生产的资金成本 contributionIt isdifficult 40%,甚至更多。
monetary costs of energy supply in part of all to these quantify factors the to total the because environment factors not related to environmental are construction ones.often entwined with the not delays have For been example, caused also just management by by problems regulatory constraints but Nevertheless, and quality of engineering, control.impacts costs have in increased the US environmental by at least 25 percent during the past 20 of supplying petroleum the monetary products years, electricity from coal and nuclear power and the costs of generating by 40 percent or more.U3
翻译一24-hour :Two fatal wrecks in less than a weekend period over to six the number of deaths killed three the people, Thanksgiving bringing two weeks on Springfield city streets.in the pastatleastWith one month left in the year17 people have been killed，in
fatality including accidents Chicago family the three in members Springfield, before on Interstate 44.who died the weekend of aandOn Sunday, Springfield husband Bauer, wife South Glenstone Avenue.59，Jon died Bauer, in the 58, 2400 and block Juanita ofsouthboundAccording to police，Jon Bauer's sides also wiped 2001 a 1995 Hyundai Chrysler Santa Cirrus, Fe Chadd Rohde, 27, of Mountain Homeheading southbound, driven by Ark., at around 10:30 a.m.，south and struck a brick wall and utilityJon Bauer’s vehicle continued pole at Springfield National Cemetery.extractedThe Springfield Juanita the couple from Fire Department the Bauer was pronounced the vehicle.dead at unconscious, scene.Jon John’s Regional Medical Center, where was Bauer, transported who to was St.he was later pronounced dead.hours as police investigated the crash.Traffic was shut down for four了周里斯普林菲尔德城市道路上死亡2在感恩节的周末，起车祸，撞死3人，使得过去24小时内发生2人教上井到 6人。
普森菲尔德至少有本还剩下最后其中包括上周在171个月，在斯死的来自芝加哥的一家三口。44号州际公路上撞人死于车祸，妇，特58周日，斯普林菲尔德的一对夫岁的乔恩•保尔和59区被车撞死。•保尔在南格林斯顿大道的岁的詹尼
2400街乔恩据警察讲述，上午边撞上了一辆同样往南开的•保尔南行的2001现代胜达菲檫10点半左右，出产的克莱斯勒斯柔斯，司机是1995年岁的查德27居。•罗德，来自阿肯色州的山 普林菲尔德国家公墓的砖墙上，又撞
乔恩•保尔的车继续南行，撞在斯上了一根公用电线杆。
妇从车里拉了出來。斯普林菲尔德消防队把这对夫场宣布已死亡，乔恩詹尼特•保尔被当被送到圣约翰地区医疗中心，之后也•保尔不省人事，被宣布死亡。了
一种模拟驾驶器，观察4 警察在调香现场时交通被关闭 小时。翻译二
:美国的研究人员使用了分别在手持手机通话驾驶、酒后驾驶40名志愿者以及专心驾驶的过程。结果显示：共有时均在打手机状态下。研究发现：无3名志愿者发生追尾事故，司机当论手机是否处于免提状态，司机在通话状态下会放慢车速。刹车措施的反应速度也会减慢 此外，采取而刹车后加速的速度又会减慢9%，19%。USUsing a driving simulator, some 40 talking people.researchers navigated on Some studied the driving of a of cell them drove while drove while drunk, phone, and others others impairments.with no there were three accidents in which the The such results distractions showed that or drivers were talking on cell phones-all of research has found that those talking on them involving a rear-ending.The the sluggish.In addition, talking on the cell phone while driving are more phone percent can reduce reaction time by 9 percent in after braking.in terms terms of o f picking braking up and speed 19 U4
翻译一of masculine that reinforces the stereotype what :Perhaps it is our social concept is feminine and what is that even women talk more than men, and communication.causes these labeled Maybe different a patterns woman of interrupting if she does it at alltalkative or is criticized for is our cultures culture — as well as，because be quiet if they want to be “feminine.’ — teaches that women should many other Perhaps boys interrupt and masculine men to dominate culture encourages talk talk more often, and males and who to criticized a lot and interrupt often are not differences for communication in doing the patterns so.These communicating who are and studied styles of by of communication.study the effects of gender experts on effects misunderstandings in order They to understand study these and women in conversation.Often, it’s occur between why men because conversation their important are styles so and different.patterns It of these that we learn to recognize is to the other gender.communicate differences better so that with we people can learn of加深了女人比男人话多这一糢式化或许正是我们的男女社会观念印象，甚至导致这些不同沟通方式的出现。如果一个女人真的在别人说话时插嘴，她或许会被认为是话多，或许会为此受到批评，因为我们的文化—性：她们如果想要有女人味就必须文还有其他许多文化—如此教导女静。或许男性文化鼓励男孩和男人支配谈话并且更经常打断谈话，健谈和频繁打断话头的男性不会为 而且此受到批评。研究性别对交流所产生的作用的专家们针对沟通模式和沟通风格方面的这些差异进行探究，以便了解在男女对话中为什么会产生误解。误解的产生常常是因为他们的对话风格和方式存在极大的差异。为了能学会更好地和异有必要认识这些差异。4生交流，我们 畅销书《你就是不明白》中指出：虽翻译二:Deborah Tannen
在她的然美国男孩和女孩经常在一起玩，但大多数时间他们都是在各自的同性别小组里玩耍。她还指出：虽然男孩和女孩确实在一起玩某些游戏，但他们最喜欢的游戏常常是不一样的。Tarnien和其他这方面的研究人员发
现，男孩（比如欢在室外而不是室内玩耍，而且他们8至12岁的男孩)喜是在有等级结构的大组中玩耍。这帮男孩子中通常会有一个孩子头，他告诉别的男孩做什么、怎么做。正是通过发号施令和让其他男孩按规则游戏，男孩子们在他们的玩伴那里获得更高或更重要的地位。
Don’tIn her best-selling book You Just points Understand.Deborah Tannen boys and girls often play together, they out that, although American spend same-sex most that boys and girls do play some games groups.of their She time also playing points out in together, very but their favorite other often quite different.Tannen games and are found researchers through that young on boys, this say topic have house rather than in the house, and they 12.tend to play outside ages the 8 play hierarchically in large boys structured.groups that are the do it.It is by giving orders and making other generally boys what has a to leader A group do and who of how tells to the boys other boys play by the rules that status in their play group.achieve higher or more dominant U5
翻译一communications, :In this age to and hide it has of become instantaneous harder by private businesspeople wrongdoings: corrupt officials leaks, whistleblowers, government are now exposed investigative aggrieved important reporters.competitors, Publicity is and an can year terminate deterrent careers.because During corruption the down the prime minister of the Ukraine, alone, scandals have brought past the the deputy Kenyan leader of president Brazil's of ruling South party, Africa, majority government Representatives.leader of the ministers, U.S.House and key the of changes corruption are necessary But to ensure systematic that themselves scan¬dals stop repeating reruns.like prurient TV showor are about to occur in key entities: theLeadership changes have occurred World Transparency Bank, International International, the OECD, the UN, The resulting set of new leaders should Chamber of Commerce.and the get from together export-credit other key with organizations, NGOs and such leaders law-enforcement agenciesentities and international as broad develop a consensus for near-term and anticorruption strategy，to map out a and middle-term action.代，要想掩盖恶行越来越难，因为眼当前是一个信息即时交流的时下私人密探、走漏政府内部消息的人、愤愤不平的竞争对手以及那些刨根问底的记者们都会把那些贪污腐败的官员和奸商暴露出来。由于腐化堕落会断送事业前程，所以曝光是一种重要的威慑力量。仅去年一年，被丑闻拉下台的就有乌克兰总理、南非副总统、巴西执政党领袖、肯尼亚政府的几名地位显赫的部长以及美国众议院多数党领袖。但是要确保腐败丑闻不会像色情电视剧那样重复上演，就必须进行系统的变革。经济合作与发展组织、联合国、透明领导层的变革在诸如世界银行、国际以及国际商会等重点机构已经展开或者即将展开。改革后的新领导班子应该与非政府组织以及其他重要机构（如出口信贷机构、国际执法部门等）领导人携手合作，以便制订全面的反腐战略，就近期和中期行动达成共识。
第五篇：21世纪英语第四册课后翻译练习
Unit 1
1.美国人往往以从事的工作来对人们进行划分。家庭和教育背景这些特点被认为是不太重要的。
Americans tend to define people by the job they do.Such characteristics as their family and educational backgrounds are considered less important.2.他决不妥协的个性是他再也无法容忍他的雇主，并最终递交了辞职书的原因。
His uncompromising personality explains why he could no longer put up with his employer and eventually submitted his resignation.3.如果你真想学好英语，你就必须投入大量的时间和精力，否则你就不会有任何进步。对于其他课程也可以这么说。
If you really want to learn English well, you must put in a lot of time and energy, or you’ll go nowhere.The same can be said of other subjects.4.有些演员的名声靠的是他们天生的美貌，但是达斯汀霍夫曼尽管身材矮小，还是出类拔萃，而使他与众不同的正是他精湛的演技。
Some actors fame is built on their innate beauty, but despite his short stature, Dustin Hoffman rose above and it is his excellent acting that set him apart.5.他负责管理后，我们发现他与前任有明显的不同：他有干劲和激情，想出了许多新点子，并把工作重点放在如何鼓舞我们的士气上。
After he took charge, we discovered that there were striking differences between him and his predecessor.He had the drive and passion, came up with many new ideas, and focused his work on how to raise our morale.6.当邓小平宣布中国改革开放政策的时候，他被永远载入了史册。尽管障碍重重，他以不懈的努力为我国的现代化作出了永久的贡献。
Deng Xiaoping made history when he declared China’s reform and opening-up policy.Despite tremendous obstacles, he made lasting contributions to our country’s modernization with his unrelenting efforts.7.为什么有人拥有天才级智商却被智商平平但很刻苦的人丢在后面？承认除了智商外，还有很多别的因素与一个人的成就有着很大的关系。
Why could someone with a genius IQ be left behind by a hardworking person with an average IQ？ It has to be acknowledged that besides one’s IQ, many other factors have much to do with one’s achievements.8.这位教师真了不起，她能在教东西之前调动学生的积极性。这并不是因为她
有天赋，而使因为她只想着在课堂上吸引他们的注意力。
This teacher is really remarkable in first motivating her students so she can really teach them something.It’s not that she is talented, it’s that she focuses completely or drawing their full attention in class.Unit 2
1.他瞪着眼看着约翰，对他拒绝合作感到恼怒。
He glared at John and was annoyed by his refusal to cooperate.2.约翰真诚的讲话表达了他对那些在他处于困境时给过他慷慨帮助的人们的感激之情。
John’s sincere speech shows his gratitude to the people who rendered him generous help when he was in difficulty.3.他可说是一个集邮家。他曾经积蓄了两年去买了一张珍邮这件事便是证明。
He is something of a stamp collector.The fact that once he saved up for two years to buy a rare stamp is proof of it.4.这些玫瑰的美丽怎么评价也不过分。他们以各种方式吸引了所以的游客。
The beauty of these roses could not be overstated.They took all the visitor fancy in one way or another.5.起先，他理所当然地认为该地区应当多造一些公路。然而仔细计算其费用后，他在作出最后决定前又
不得不重新考虑了。
At first he took it for granted that should build more highways in this area.Then a careful calculation of the expenditure compelled him to think twice before he made the final decision.6.每次收到我的礼物，不管多少，我的朋友比尔绝不忘记表示感谢。
Each time he receive a gift from me, no matter how small, my friend bill never fails to acknowledge it.7.那位新闻记者决定找到那对老夫妻信中提及的年轻人。那封信赞颂了年轻人为改善他们的生活条件而
付出的努力。
The journalist has decided to trace the young man referred to in the old couple’s letter, which is a tribute to the young man’s effort at improve their living conditions.8.虽然他厌烦了那些每天上门来吹嘘其产品的推销员，但他克制着没有将他们拒之门外。
Though he was fed up with the salesman who knocked at his door and boasted about their products every day, he refrained from slamming the door in their face.Unit 3
1.汤姆因一问题而心神不宁但又一筹莫展，直到他学会以不同的策略把它解决才不心烦。
Tom was hung up on the problem but do nothing about it until he learnt to solve it with different tactics.2.横向思维帮助他提出了似乎已走入死胡同的新理论。
Lateral thinking has helped him to advance his new theory which had seemed to reach a dead end.3.我们最新的建设计划的框架已获得地方政府的批准。它是否会按时实施对这座沿海城市的发展具有极
为重大的意义。
The framework of our latest construction plan has been affirmed by the local government.4.在设法寻找一个解决问题的方法的过程中，爱德华在思想上陷入了僵局，但后来他改变了观察角度，以一种完全想不到的方式解决问题。
While trying to find a solution to the problem, Edward reached an impasse in his thinking, but later he changed his point of view and solved the problem in an entirely unexpected fashion.5.许多人认为计算机机房将最终取代图书馆，想吸收新知识的学生最终将在计算机机房里学习一切。Many people believe that computer labs will eventually take over from the libraries and students who want to take in new knowledge will end up learning everything in the computer lab.6.昨天他的汽车几乎是迎头撞上了一辆卡车。如果他继续这样随便开车，我确信他最后一定会被送进医
院的急诊室。
Yesterday his car crashed into a truck almost head-on.If he does not stop
driving so carelessly.I am sure he will wind up in the emergency room of a hospital.7.这幅画的结构设计有一个缺点。你为什么不擦掉那几条垂直线，把它简化一点呢？
There is a flaw in the structural design of the painting.Why don’t you erase the vertical lines and simplify it a little bit?
8.约翰本该在很久以前就把烟戒掉了。毕竟健康对每个人来说都是最重要的。
John should have given up smoking a long time ago.After all, heath is of the utmost importance to everybody.Unit 4
1.学校应避免仅按学生考试成绩来判别孰优孰劣并以此对待他们。相反，好的教育体制应该使每一位学
生都能达到良好的水准，成为全面发展的人。
Schools should avoid deciding who is superior only in terms of students’ exam results and treating them accordingly.Instead, a good educational system should enable every student to measure up to good standards as well-round people.2.大学生课后有问题时，往往在办公时间之外不容易找到老师。这是由于教室繁忙的学术研究，而不是
他们对学生漠不关心。
As often as not, when college students have questions after class, their teachers are not readily available except during office hours.This is due to teachers’ busy academic research, rather than their indifference to the students.3.这个班级由40名学生组成，他们中大部分按英语水平过去常被归在中等之列。但由于这位老师从不在言辞中表露出不耐烦，学生对他的教学方法产生了积极的反应，从而没有辜负他的期望。
This class consists of forty students, most of whom used to labeled average in terms of English level.But as this teacher has never shown any verbal impatience, the students have reacted positively to his teaching methods and live up to his expectations.4.在美国，教书变得越来越难了，部分原因是学生越来越多样的种族背景以及需要另外培训才能掌握的更为复杂的教学技术。
Teaching is becoming increasingly demanding in the United States, due in part to the diversity of students’ racial background and the complexity of educational technologies that require additional training.5.美国人经常被归类为保守型，显然这一归类带有成见。实际上，英国在民族特性方面与其他欧洲国家
相比并没有太大的差异。英国人有礼貌，爱整洁，讲秩序，充满自信。
The English are, as often as not, labeled conservative.Obviously this label is prejudiced.In reality, Britain is not very different from other European countries in terms of national characteristic.The British are polite, neat, orderly and confident.6.有些年轻人在成长过程中有着要求独立的强烈愿望。他们宁可通过自己的努力来渡过生活中的困难，也不愿意带着负罪感求助于他们的父母。
Some young people grow up with a strong desire for independence.They would rather try hard to go through life on their own than turn to their parents for help with a sense of guilt.7.你的朋友对你非常真诚，你也应该同样以诚相待，决不应该欺骗他，或者带着讽刺的口吻谈论他的挫
折。
Your friend treats you sincerely, so you should respond accordingly and must deceive him or talk about his setbacks with irony.8.邻居们恼火的原因是他们发出的噪音，但是由于他们一再保证夜间停工，从而得以完成这套公寓的装
潢。
The neighbors’ irritation was due to the noise they made.However, because of reassurances that they would stop working at night, they went through with the decoration of this apartment.Unit 6
1.他生来就有残疾，但他从不沮丧，也从未屈服于任何困难。
He was disabled from birth, but he never felt frustrated, nor did he give in to any difficulty.2.汤姆一直坚决要求提升。当机会出现时，他立即抓住了。
Tom had been holding out for a promotion.When the opportunity showed up, he grabbed it at once.3.他对所有的标准化考试都不信任并认为应该有某种更好的东西来取代它们。
He distrusts all standardized tests and believes that there should be something better to
substitute for them.4.我的论点是，我们应当马上对这些有争议的问题逐个进行调查。
My thesis is that we should carry out a survey of these controversial issues one by one right now.5.贝蒂勤劳而又可靠。她从不在困难面前退缩。总之，她是我们都为之感到骄傲的那种学生。
Betty is diligent and dependable.She never shies away from any difficulties.Inshort, she is the kind of student that we are all proud of.6.把汽油箱放在你的房间里是不明智的，因为它极易燃烧，并且可能在几分钟内就将你辛辛苦苦挣来的财富付之一炬。
It is ill-advised to keep the gas tank in your house for it ignites easily and may burn up all your hard-earned wealth in just a few minutes.7.史密斯博士的讲座等于是说，很早就显示出高情商的孩子无论面对什么困难都会最终取得成功。
Doctor smith’s lecture amounts to saying that a child who display high EQ early on in life will succeed eventually in the face of all kinds of difficulties.8.由于在美国许多婚姻都以离婚告终，心理学家们建议所有家庭中的夫妻都应更经常地相互沟通，不要
等到为时太晚时才来解决它们的问题。
Since many marriages end in divorce in the United States, psychologists have suggested that couples in all families communicate with each other more often and solve their problems before it becomes too late.Unit 7
1.随着长大，我渐渐接受了这一事实：我永远不会实现车成为一名作家的梦想。
As I grew up, I made my peace with the fact that I would never come true my dream of becoming a writer.2.迈克尔想了两天还没填出字谜游戏里那个至关重要的词，最后只好失望的放弃。
Michael had got stuck trying to figure out the word essential to the word puzzle for two days before he threw up his hands in frustration.3.当这位歌手发现市面上有自己作品的盗版是，他十分震惊，发誓绝不放过那盗贼。
The singer was taken aback by the pirated editions of his songs on the market, and he vowed not to let the thieves off
4.感谢您购买我们的锅炉。作为回报，我们将免费为您处理旧锅炉。
Thank you for purchasing our furnace.In return we will get rid of your old one for free.5.我和苏珊互诉了别后发生的事情，从中我得知她已经出版了好几本儿童读物。
Susan and I filled each other in on what had happened after we parted, from which I learned that she had had several children’s books in print.6.当连锁大书店的竞争逼得她的小书店歇业后，已届中年的莉莲不知道自己还能做些什么。
Her bookstore having been frozen out by a giant chain, the middle-aged Lillian was at a loss as to what else she could do.7.你需要有人在旁不断督促才会完成这一任务。
You need somebody to urge you constantly to see the task through to completion.8.因为害怕新建购物中心会破坏社区的宁静，许多居民反对这一计划。
For fear that a new shopping center would ruin the peace of the community, many residents opposed the construction plan.
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