小学英语一般过去式讲解习题（5篇材料）

第一篇：小学英语一般过去式讲解习题

一般过去时

1．一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，常和表示过去的时间状语连用。一般过去时也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作感谢。

2．Be动词在一般过去时中的变化：

⑴am 和is在一般过去时中变为was。（was not=wasn’t）

⑵are在一般过去时中变为were。（were not=weren’t）

⑶带有was或were的句子，其否定、疑问的变化和is, am, are一样，即否定句在was或were后加not，一般疑问句把was或were调到句首。

3．句中没有be动词的一般过去时的句子

否定句：didn’t +动词原形，如：Jim didn’t go home yesterday.一般疑问句：在句首加did，句子中的动词过去式变回原形。

如：Did Jim go home yesterday?

特殊疑问句：⑴疑问词+did+主语+动词原形？

如： What did Jim do yesterday?

⑵疑问词当主语时：疑问词+动词过去式？

如：Who went to home yesterday?

动词过去式变化规则：

1．一般在动词末尾加-ed，如：pull-pulled, cook-cooked

2．结尾是e加d，如：taste-tasted

3．末尾只有一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加-ed，如：stop-stopped

4．以“辅音字母+y”结尾的，变y为i，再加-ed，如：study-studied

5．不规则动词过去式：

am,is-was, are-were, do-did, see-saw, say-said, give-gave, get-got, go-went, come-came, have-had, eat-ate, take-took, run-ran, sing-sang, put-put, make-made, read-read, write-wrote, draw-drew, drink-drank, fly-flew, ride-rode, speak-spoke, sweep-swept, swim-swam, sit-sat过去时练习

写出下列动词的过去式

isam_________ fly_______ plant________ are ________

drink_________ play_______ go________ make ________

does_________ dance________ worry________ ask _____

taste_________ eat__________ draw________ put ______

throw________ kick_________ pass_______ do ________

第二篇：过去式测试题及简单讲解

一般过去时

1．一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，常和表示过去的时间状语连用。一般过去时也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作感谢。

2．Be动词在一般过去时中的变化：

⑴am 和is在一般过去时中变为was。（was not=wasn’t）

⑵are在一般过去时中变为were。（were not=weren’t）

⑶带有was或were的句子，其否定、疑问的变化和is, am, are一样，即否定句在was或were后加not，一般疑问句把was或were调到句首。

3．句中没有be动词的一般过去时的句子

否定句：didn’t +动词原形，如：Jim didn’t go home yesterday.一般疑问句：在句首加did，句子中的动词过去式变回原形。

如：Did Jim go home yesterday? 特殊疑问句：⑴疑问词+did+主语+动词原形？

如： What did Jim do yesterday? ⑵疑问词当主语时：疑问词+动词过去式？

如：Who went to home yesterday? 动词过去式变化规则：

1．一般在动词末尾加-ed，如：pull-pulled, cook-cooked 2．结尾是e加d，如：taste-tasted 3．末尾只有一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加-ed，如：stop-stopped 4．以“辅音字母+y”结尾的，变y为i，再加-ed，如：study-studied 5．不规则动词过去式：am,is-was, are-were, do-did, see-saw, say-said, give-gave, get-got, go-went, come-came, have-had, eat-ate, take-took, run-ran, sing-sang, put-put, make-made, read-read, write-wrote, draw-drew, drink-drank, fly-flew, ride-rode, speak-spoke, sweep-swept, swim-swam, sit-sat.

第三篇：小学六年级 一般过去式 语法讲解 教案

教学目标与要求

1，知识目标：能够听、说、读、写动词短语的过去式。

2，能力目标：学生能用句型表述他人在过去某一时间发生的情况或动作。3，情感目标：使学生学会与他人进行合作、交流。教学重点

重点掌握一般过去时的表达方式。教学难点：重读闭音节动词过去式的变化。教学步骤及说明 Step 1:warm up 1.T: What do you usually do on the weekend? S: I usually „„(通过师生对话，直接引出词组)T: What did you do at last weekend? S: I „„ 一，概念

表示在过去某个时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。通常在句子里找到表示过去时间的词或词组。如：yesterday, yesterday morning, yesterday afternoon, yesterday evening, the day before yesterday, last night, last week, last month, last year, a moment ago, just now, two days ago, a week ago, in 1990等。

如：I went to bed at eleven last night.昨晚我11：00睡觉。二 动词过去式的构成规律

（一）规则动词的过去式

1，一般情况下，在动词原形后面加-ed;Look---looked play----played start---started visit—visited 2, 以不发音e结尾的动词，在词尾直接加-d;Live—lived use---used 3, 以“辅音字母+y”结尾的动词，先将y 改成i,再加 –ed;Study---studied try—tried fly---flied 4,以重读闭音节（即辅音+元音+辅音）或 r 音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词，要先双写这个辅音字母后，再加 –ed。Stop---stopped plan---planned preferred(二)不规则动词的过去式 1 改变动词中的元音；

Begin---began drink---drank come---came eat---ate Grow---grew run---ran know---knew win---won speak---spoke Take---took write---wrote get---got 2 变词尾的-d 为-t Build---built lend---lent send---sent spend--spent bend--bent 3 与动词原形一样；

Cut---cut put---put cost----cost hurt---hurt shut---shut 4 变-ay 为—aid(少数动词)Say---said pay---paid lay---laid 5 采用不同词根；

Sell---sold teach----taught buy----bought 6 其他

Am/is---was are---were have/has---had do---did

二 加 –ed 后的读音方法 1 ed加在清辅音后面读/t/ Finished/-t/ help /-t/ asked/-t/ 2 ed 加在浊辅音或元音结尾的，读/d/ Played/-d/ lived/-d/ enjoyed/-d/ 3 ed 加在/t/或/d/后面，读/id/ Wanted /-tid/ needed/-did/ visited /-tid/

过去时练习： 写出下列动词的过去式

Isam______ fly___ plant_____ are_____ drink_____ Play ______ go____ make______ does_____ dance_____ Worry______ ask____ taste_______ eat_____ draw_____ Put_____ throw______ kick_______ pass_____ do______ 用所给动词的适当形式填空 We_____(live)in Japan last year.2 Susan_____(stop)the car on the street yesterday.3 My mother____(clean)my room and I _____(study)for the English test last Sunday.4 What____ you_____(do)last night? 5 On Saturday morning I ____(play)football 二 用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空

（1）May_____(finish)her homework very late yesterday evening.（2）Han Mei_____(bring)her pet to the park that day.（3）His father______(buy)a new computer for him last week（4）Miss Du______(walk)to work every day last term.（5）We____(move)to Shenyang 8 years ago.（6）_____ you _________(have)bread for breakfast this morning?（7）She_______(give)me a nice present last night.（8）The police______(stop)the car and_____(catch)the thief(小偷)just now.（9）Tom ____(carry)water for the old man last Saturday.（10）Uncle Wang______(come)into the room and______(find)something to eat.（11）Lily______(study)in the classroom for two hours and then ____(leave).（12）Jimmy______(do)a lot today.He______(go)shopping and _____(cook)supper.（13）We_____(go)to the cinema last night.The film_____(be)very good.（14）What time ______you________(get)to school this morning?

三 句子变化

（一）一般过去时的一般疑问句

1.把 was, were放在句首，其余位置不变。由Was„? 引导的一般疑问句，肯定答为：Yes,„ was.否定回答为：No,„wasn’t 由Were„?引导的一般疑问句，肯定回答为：Yes,„were.否定回答为：No,„weren’t.如：

（1）I was born in Shanghai.----Were you born in Shanghai?---Yes, I was.(肯定回答)----No, I wasn’t(否定回答)（2）They were in Li Yan’s home last night.----Were they in Li Yan’s home last night?--Yes, they were.(肯定回答)--No, they weren’t(否定回答)2.在行为动词的句子中，要用助动词did 来引导，其余的语序不变。要注

意的是，要把行为动词的过去式改为原形。肯定回答为：Yes,„did 否定 No,„didn’t.如：John played computer games last night.---Did John play computer games last night? Yes, he did.No,he didn’t(二)一般过去时的否定句

在表示过去存在的状态的句子中，相接在was, were的后面加上not。

如：

（1）He was in the park the day before yesterday.He was not in the park the day before yesterday.(2)We were busy last week.We were not busy last week.2 在表示过去的时间发生的动作的句子中，要在行为动词的前面加助动词didn’t.然后把过去式的行为动词改为动词原形。即：didn’t+ 动词原形。

如

(1)She played the violin last night.She didn’t play the violin last night.(2)They swam in the lake yesterday.They didn’t swim in the lake yesterday.(三)一般过去式的特殊疑问句

1.What did„?(主要是询问过去发生了什么事情，注意要把过去式改为动 原形。）

We ate Chinese food last night.What did we eat last night? 2.Where did ?(主要是询问过去事情发生的地方)They sang and dance in the music room yesterday morning.Where did they sing and dance yesterday morning? 3.Who +动词过去式„?(主要是询问过去事情发生的人物)Mike and Tom climbed mountains last weekend.Who climbed mountains last weekend? 四 句子结构

在表示某个时间里存在的状态的句子，系动词用过去式was,were 构成。

如：（1）I was at home yesterday.昨天我在家。

（2）We were in the gym just now.刚才我们在体育馆、2 在表示过去某个时间里发生的动作，用动词的过去式构成。

如：I visited my uncle yesterday.昨天我拜访了我的叔叔。3 各种句式

（1）一般过去时的肯定陈述句：

主语 + 动词过去式 + 宾语或表语。

He worked in Shanghai ten years ago.(2)一般过去时的否定句：

a.主语 + didn’t + 动词原形 + 宾语。（did+not=didn’t）He didn’t do morning exercises yesterday.b.主语 + wasn’t/weren’t + 表语。（was+not=wasn’t were+not=weren’t）

（3）一般过去时的一般疑问句： a.Did + 主语 + 动词原形 + 宾语？

Did you study English in `1990? b.Was/Were + 主语 + 表语 ？

Was he a pupil five years ago?(4)一般过去时的特殊疑问句：

a 特殊疑问词 + did + 主语 + 动词原形 +宾语？

Where did your parents live five years ago? What did you do last Sunday? b 特殊疑问词 + were/ was + Who was at the zoo yesterday?

表语？

第四篇：小学六年级_一般过去式_语法讲解_教案

第一讲 过去式

一 概念

表示在过去某个时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。通常在句子里找到表示过去时间的词或词组。如：yesterday, yesterday morning, yesterday afternoon, yesterday evening, the day before yesterday, last night, last week, last month, last year, a moment ago, just now, two days ago, a week ago, in 1990等。

如：I went to bed at eleven last night.昨晚我11：00睡觉。二 动词过去式的构成规律

（一）规则动词的过去式

1，一般情况下，在动词原形后面加-ed;Look---looked play----played start---started visit—visited 2, 以不发音e结尾的动词，在词尾直接加-d;Live—lived use---used 3, 以“辅音字母+y”结尾的动词，先将y 改成i,再加 –ed;Study---studied try—tried fly---flied 4,以重读闭音节（即辅音+元音+辅音）或 r 音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词，要先双写这个辅音字母后，再加 –ed。Stop---stopped plan---planned preferred(二)不规则动词的过去式 1 改变动词中的元音；

Begin---began drink---drank come---came eat---ate Grow---grew run---ran know---knew win---won speak---spoke Take---took write---wrote get---got 2 变词尾的-d 为-t Build---built lend---lent send---sent spend--spent bend--bent 3 与动词原形一样；

Cut---cut put---put cost----cost hurt---hurt shut---shut 4 变-ay 为—aid(少数动词)Say---said pay---paid lay---laid

采用不同词根；

Sell---sold teach----taught buy----bought 6 其他

Am/is---was are---were have/has---had do---did

二 加 –ed 后的读音方法 1 ed加在清辅音后面读/t/ Finished/-t/ help /-t/ asked/-t/ 2 ed 加在浊辅音或元音结尾的，读/d/ Played/-d/ lived/-d/ enjoyed/-d/ 3 ed 加在/t/或/d/后面，读/id/ Wanted /-tid/ needed/-did/ visited /-tid/

过去时练习： 写出下列动词的过去式

Isam______ fly___ plant_____ are_____ drink_____ Play ______ go____ make______ does_____ dance_____ Worry______ ask____ taste_______ eat_____ draw_____ Put_____ throw______ kick_______ pass_____ do______ 用所给动词的适当形式填空 We_____(live)in Japan last year.2 Susan_____(stop)the car on the street yesterday.3 My mother____(clean)my room and I _____(study)for the English test last Sunday.4 What____ you_____(do)last night? 5 On Saturday morning I ____(play)football 二 用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空

（1）May_____(finish)her homework very late yesterday evening.（2）Han Mei_____(bring)her pet to the park that day.（3）His father______(buy)a new computer for him last week（4）Miss Du______(walk)to work every day last term.（5）We____(move)to Shenyang 8 years ago.（6）_____ you _________(have)bread for breakfast this morning?（7）She_______(give)me a nice present last night.（8）The police______(stop)the car and_____(catch)the thief(小偷)just now.（9）Tom ____(carry)water for the old man last Saturday.（10）Uncle Wang______(come)into the room and______(find)something to eat.（11）Lily______(study)in the classroom for two hours and then ____(leave).（12）Jimmy______(do)a lot today.He______(go)shopping and _____(cook)supper.（13）We_____(go)to the cinema last night.The film_____(be)very good.（14）What time ______you________(get)to school this morning? 三 句子变化

（一）一般过去时的一般疑问句

1.把 was, were放在句首，其余位置不变。由Was„? 引导的一般疑问句，肯定答为：Yes,„ was.否定回答为：No,„wasn’t 由Were„?引导的一般疑问句，肯定回答为：Yes,„were.否定回答为：No,„weren’t.如：

（1）I was born in Shanghai.----Were you born in Shanghai?---Yes, I was.(肯定回答)----No, I wasn’t(否定回答)（2）They were in Li Yan’s home last night.----Were they in Li Yan’s home last night?--Yes, they were.(肯定回答)--No, they weren’t(否定回答)2.在行为动词的句子中，要用助动词did 来引导，其余的语序不变。要注

意的是，要把行为动词的过去式改为原形。肯定回答为：Yes,„did 否定 No,„didn’t.如：John played computer games last night.---Did John play computer games last night? Yes, he did.No,he didn’t(二)一般过去时的否定句

在表示过去存在的状态的句子中，相接在was, were的后面加上not。

如：

（1）He was in the park the day before yesterday.He was not in the park the day before yesterday.(2)We were busy last week.We were not busy last week.2 在表示过去的时间发生的动作的句子中，要在行为动词的前面加助动词didn’t.然后把过去式的行为动词改为动词原形。即：didn’t+ 动词原形。

如

(1)She played the violin last night.She didn’t play the violin last night.(2)They swam in the lake yesterday.They didn’t swim in the lake yesterday.(三)一般过去式的特殊疑问句

1.What did„?(主要是询问过去发生了什么事情，注意要把过去式改为动

原形。）

We ate Chinese food last night.What did we eat last night? 2.Where did ?(主要是询问过去事情发生的地方)They sang and dance in the music room yesterday morning.Where did they sing and dance yesterday morning? 3.Who +动词过去式„?(主要是询问过去事情发生的人物)Mike and Tom climbed mountains last weekend.Who climbed mountains last weekend?

四 句子结构

在表示某个时间里存在的状态的句子，系动词用过去式was,were 构成。

如：（1）I was at home yesterday.昨天我在家。

（2）We were in the gym just now.刚才我们在体育馆、2 在表示过去某个时间里发生的动作，用动词的过去式构成。

如：I visited my uncle yesterday.昨天我拜访了我的叔叔。3 各种句式

（1）一般过去时的肯定陈述句：

主语 + 动词过去式 + 宾语或表语。

He worked in Shanghai ten years ago.(2)一般过去时的否定句：

a.主语 + didn’t + 动词原形 + 宾语。（did+not=didn’t）He didn’t do morning exercises yesterday.b.主语 + wasn’t/weren’t + 表语。（was+not=wasn’t were+not=weren’t）

（3）一般过去时的一般疑问句：

a.Did + 主语 + 动词原形 + 宾语？

Did you study English in `1990? b.Was/Were + 主语 + 表语 ？

Was he a pupil five years ago?(4)一般过去时的特殊疑问句：

a 特殊疑问词 + did + 主语 + 动词原形 +宾语？

Where did your parents live five years ago? What did you do last Sunday? b 特殊疑问词 + were/ was + 表语？

Who was at the zoo yesterday?

第五篇：英语定语从句讲解+习题

高中定语从句讲解

在复合句中充当定语的从句叫定语从句。定语从句的作用相当于形容词，用来修饰主句中的某一名词或代词或整个主句，所以，也称作形容词性从句。被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词，定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词之后。在先行词和定语从句之间起连接作用的词叫关系词。关系词有关系代词和关系副词两种。提示： 关系词在定语从句中有三大作用 1.连接作用——连接先行词和定语从句。

I gave her all the money that I had.我把我所有的钱都给了她。（that 连接先特词 money和定语从句I had）

2.替代作用——在定语从句中替代从句所修饰的先行词。

The man who lives next door is a famous teacher.住在隔壁的那个人是个名师。（who 替代the man）

3.成分作用——在定语从句中作主语、宾语、定语或状语。

I like picrures which are painted in the traditional Chinese style.我喜欢传统的中国画。（which在定语从句中作主语）

一、关系代词引导的定语从句

引导定语从句的关系代词主要有who, whom, whose, which, that等。它们分别代替前面的先行词，并在定语从句中作主语、宾语或定语。

A．Who

指人，在定语从句中作主语。

What was the name of the man who lent you the money?

借钱给你的那人叫什么名字？（定语从句修饰先行词the man）

He who laughs last laughs best.谁笑到最后谁笑得最好。（定语从句修饰先行词he）

The chairman of the meeting, who spoke first, sat on my right.会议主席坐在我右边，他先发言。（定语从句修饰先行词the chairman）

B．Whom

指人，在定语从句中做宾语。在口语或非正式文体中，whom可省略或可用who来代替，但在介词后面以及在非限制性定语从句中只能用whom。

There are some people whom/who we like and others whom/who we dislike.有些人我们是喜欢的，有些人则是我们讨厌的。（定语从句分别修饰先行词people, others）

The people whom/who I work with are all friendly.和我一起工作的人都很友好。（定语从句修饰先行词the people）

Mr.Carter, whom I spoke to on the phone last night, is very interested in our plan.Mr.Carter, to whom I spoke on the phone last night, is very interested in our plan.昨晚我在电话里和卡特先生交谈过，他对我们的计划很感兴趣。（非限制性定语从句中不能用who代替whom）

Two men, neither of whom I had ever seen before, came into my office.两个人来到我的办公室，我以前从未见过他们。（在介词后面不用who）

C．Whose

人、物皆可，做定语，后面要紧跟被修饰的名词，先行词和后面的名词之间往高中定语从句讲解

往是从属关系。

There are some people whose faces you can never forget.有些人，他们的脸你永远难以忘怀。（定语从句修饰先行词people）

I saw some trees whose leaves were black because of the polluted air.我看见一些树的树叶由于空气污染而发黑。（定语从句修饰行词trees）

D．Which

1．指物，在定语从句中做主语或宾语。做宾语时常可省略。

English is a language which is easy to learn.英语是一门容易学的语言。（which在定语从句中作主语，不能省略）

The children like cookies(which)my wife makes.孩子们喜欢我夫人做的饼干。(关系代词which作makes的宾语，可以省略)

2．which引导的非限制性定语从句可以修饰前面的整个主句，相当于and this。

Jim passed his driving test, which surprised everybody.吉姆通过了驾驶考试，这使大家都感到惊讶。（定语从句修饰的是整个主句，而不是the driving test）

Sheila couldn't come to the party, which was a pity.希拉不能来参加聚会，真遗憾。（定语从句修饰的是整个主句，而不是the party）

3．which在非限制性定语从句中有时也可以作定语。

John stayed here for a week, during which time we visited the West Lake together.约翰在这里呆了一星期，在此期间我们一起游了西湖。

It might snow this weekend, in which case we won't go to Beijing.周末可能下雪，在这种情况下，我们就不去北京了。E．That

指人时，相当于who 或whom；指物时，相当于which。在定语从句中作主语或宾语（做宾语时常可省略）。

He is the man that lives next door.他就是住在隔壁的那个人。（定语从句修饰先行词the man，作主语）

I don't like stories that have unhappy endings.我不喜欢结尾悲伤的故事。（定语从句修饰先行词stories，作主语）

The dress(that)Ann bought doesn’t fit her very well.安买的衣服不太合身。（定语从句修饰先行词the dress，that作宾语可省略）

Is there anything(that)I can do for you?

有我能为你效劳的事吗？（定语从句修饰先行词anything，that作宾语，可省略）

提示：

在口语中，that有时还可以作关系副词，相当于when或 介词+which 结构。

We left the day(that)he arrived.他来的那一天，我们就走了。（that替when）

He doesn't see things the way(that)we see them.他看问题的方法和我们不一样。（that代替in which）

Imagine the speed(that)he drives his car!很难想象，他开车的速度那么快！（that代替at which）F．其他关系代词

as 和but也可作关系代词，引导定语从句。1．As

as可以在限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句中作主语或宾语。高中定语从句讲解

① 在限制性定语从句中，as可跟在由such, so, the same修饰的先行词之后。

Such men as heard him were deeply moved.听过他说话的人，都会深受感动。（as在定语从句中作heard的主语）

I've never heard such stories as he tells.我从未听过像他讲的这样的故事。（as在定语从句中作tell的宾语）

He lifted so heavy a stone as no one else can lift.他搬起别人都搬不起的大石头。（as在定语从句中lift的宾语）比较：

在the same as结构中，as也可用that代替。但严格地说，the same as强调相同的东西，the same that注重同一个。

She wore the same dress as her younger sister wore.她穿着跟她妹妹所穿的一样的衣裙。（as指的是与先行词相似的同类事物）

She wore the same dress that she wore at Mary's wedding.她穿着她在玛丽婚礼上穿过的同一条连衣裙。（that指的是与先行词同一事物）

②

在非限制性定语从句中，as可代表主句整个句子，引导的定语从句可以放在主句之前或主句之后，一般用逗号与主句分开。

As everyone knows, Taiwan belongs to China.众所周知，台湾属于中国的领土。

He is from the south, as we can know from his accent.他是南方人，这一点我们从他的口音可以知道。必背：

一些由as引导的定语从句常位于句首，已形成了固定的说法。

as is known to all 这是众所周知的 as may be imagined 这可以想象得出

as has been said before 如前所说

as has been pointed out 正如已经指出

as is often the case 情况常常如此

as often happens 这种情况常常发生

2．But

but作关系词只能引导限制性定语从句，同具有否定意思的主句连用，相当于that not, who not或which not。

There is not a single student in my class but would like to study more.我班上没有一个学生不愿意多学一点的东西的。（but = who not）

There are very few but are against war.很少人不反对战争。（but = who not）

G．介词+关系代词引导的定语从句

介词+关系代词引导的定语从句是一种非常常见但也比较复杂的定语从句结构。

1.介词+关系代词中介词的位置

关系代词whom, which在从句中作介词宾语时，可以跟介词一起放在从句与主句之间（that, who不可以），也可以把介词放在从句中有关动词的后面，使关系代词紧跟它所修饰的先行词。

He is a man of rich experience, from whom much can be learned.= He is a man of rich experience, whom much can be learned from.他是个经验丰富的人，从他那儿可以学到很多。

The school in which he once worked is a key school.=The school(which that)he once worked in is a key school.他曾经工作过的学校是一所重点学校。高中定语从句讲解

The manager in whose company I work pays much attention to improving our working conditions.=The manager whose company I'm working in pays much attention to improving our working conditions.我就职的那家公司经理十分注意改善我们的工作条件。2．介词+关系代词的常见结构

①介词+which whom

This is the famous singer about whom we have often talked.这就是那位我们经常谈论的著名歌唱家。

Fortunately we had a map, without which we would have got lost.很幸运，我们带了一张地图，如没有的话，我们就会迷路了。

②名词+of+ which /whom

Please pass me the book the cover of which is blue.请把那本蓝封面的书递给我。（也可用whose cover）

③数词+of+ which /whom

She's got three lucky pens, two of which she never uses.她有三只幸运笔，其中两只从未用过。

④代词+of+ which /whom

In the basket I find many apples, some of which have gone bad.我发现篮子里有好些苹果，有些已经坏了。

There are fifty students in our class, most of whom are from big cities.我们班有50个学生，其中大多数来自大城市。

⑤最高级+of+ which /whom

China has thousands of islands, the largest of which is Taiwan.中国有数千个岛屿，其中最大的是台湾。

⑥介词+which+名词

He usually returns home at ten, at which hour his father locks all the doors ad windows.他通常十点钟回家，在这时候他爸爸锁好所有的门窗。

His wife got seriously ill, in which case he had to give up the chance of going abroad.他的妻子病得很重，在这种情况下，他不得不放弃出国的机会。3．关系代词前介词的选择

在介词+关系代词引导的定语从句中，应注意介词的正确选择。

①

根据后面动词和介词的搭配关系选择。

The two things of which they felt proud were Jim's watch and Della's hair.他们引以为豪的两样东西是吉姆的手表和德拉的头发。（feel proud of是固定搭配词组）

In the dark street there was not a single person to whom she could turn for help.在漆黑的街道上没有一个她可以求助的人。（turn to sb.for help是固定搭配词组）

②根据与前面名词的搭配关系选择。

I'll never forget the ay on which I first met him.我永远忘不了我第一次遇见他的那一天。(the day前面一般用介词on)

Can you imagine a proper situation in which the expression can be used?

你能设想一个使用这个词语的场合吗？(a situation前面一般用in)高中定语从句讲解

③有时须同时考虑动词和介词的搭配关系及介词和名词的搭配关系。

Is that the house in which you once lived

那就是你曾经住过的房子吗？(Live in the house)

④根据所要表达的意思来确定。

This is my pair of glasses, without which I cannot see clearly.这是我的眼镜，离了它我什么也看不清。注意：

当关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，谓语动词应与先行词的人称和数保持一致。

I, who am your best friend, will do all that I can to help you.我是你的好朋友，我会尽我一切所能来帮你。

The family, who are fond of music, go to the concert once a month.这家人很爱音乐，他们每月都去听一次音乐会。

He is one of the boys in our class who speak English well.他是班上英语说得很好的男生之一。（one of +复数名词+关系代词引导的定语从句谓语动词用复数形式）

He is the only one of the boys in our class who speaks English well.他是班上唯一英语说得很好的男生。（the(only)one the very one the right one of +复数名词+关系代词 引导的定语从句谓语动词用单数形式）

二、关系副词引导的定语从句

引导定语从句的关系副词有when, where或 why等。when, where, why分别在定语从句中作状语，在意义上相当于介词+which结构，分别代替表示时间、地点或原因的先行词。

A．when

指时间，在定语从句中作时间状语。

I still remember the day when I first came to this school.我仍然记得我第一次来到这所学校的那一天。(when= on which)

He came at a time when we needed him most.他是在我们最需要他的时候来的。(when= at which)

We will never forget the year 1949, when th People's Republic of China was founded.我们永远忘不了1949年，那是中华人民共和国成立的一年。(when= in which)B．where

指地点，在定语从句中作地点状语。

I recently went back to the town where I was born.我最近曾回过一次我出生的城市。(where = in which)

I would like to live in a country where there is plety of sunshine.我想住在一个阳光充足的国家。(where = in which)

What's the name of the place where you spent your holiday

你度假的那个地方叫什么名字？(where = at which)C．why

指原因，在限制性定语从句中作原因状语。

Please tell me the reason why you missed the plane.请告诉我你误机的原因。(why = for which)

Te reason why he was punished is unknown to us.高中定语从句讲解

他受惩罚的原因我们都不知道。

注意:

无论是关系代词，还是关系副词，都在定语从句中取代了先行词，因此，先行词在定语从句中不复出现。

【误】This is the book that I borrowed it yesterday.【正】This is the book that I borrowed yesterday.这就是我昨天借的书。（that在定语从句中取代了先行词the book，作borowed的宾语，因此，要去掉it）

【误】The English Corner is the place where people often go there to practise their spoken English.【正】The English Corner is the place where people often go to practise their spoken English.英语角是人们经常去练习英语口语的地方。（where在定语从句中取代了先行词the pace，作go的状语，因此，要去掉there）

三、限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句

根据定语从句在句中所起的作用，可分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句两大类。

A．限制性定语从句

限制性定语从句是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语，用于修饰和限定先行词。如果去掉，主句的意思就不完整或失去意义。书写时不用逗号与先行词分开。

This is the boy who broke the window.这就是打破窗子的孩子。（the boy是先行词，who broke the indow是限制性定语从句，明确指出the boy是打破窗子的那个孩子）

I have a book which teaches English grammar.我有一本讲解英语语法的书。（a book是先行词，which teaches English grammar是限制性定语从句，修饰the book）

The people whom you met in the hall are from Japan.你在大厅见到的那些人来自日本。（定语从句whom you met in the hall定先行词the people）

B．非限制性定语从句

非限制性定语从句在意义上只是一个附加修饰语，对先行词或主句作些附加的说明。如果去掉，主句的意思仍然清楚。书写时往往用逗号与先行词分开。

I, who am your friend, will share the work with you.我是你的朋友，将与你分担这项工作。（I是先行词，who am your friend是非限制性定语从句，对先行词I起附加说明的作用）

New Concept English is intended for foeign students, which is known to us all.新概念英语是专为外国学生编写的，这是我们大家都知道的。（which is known to us all是非限制性定语从句，对主句作进一步的补充说明）C．在下列情况下，通常使用非限制性定语从句。1．当先行词表示的是世界上独一无二的人或物时。

The sun, which gives us light and heat, is a fixed star.太阳是一颗恒星，它给我们光和热。

Last year I visted the People's Great Hall, where many important meetings are held 高中定语从句讲解

every year.去年我参观了人民大会堂，每年许多重要会议都要在那里举行。2．当定语从句修饰整个主句时。

Taiwan belongs to China, as everyone knows.众所周知，台湾属于中国的领土。

The weather was very terrible, which we hadn't expected.天气非常糟糕，这点们没有料到。

3．当先行词是专有名词，或先行词本身指示意义十分明确时。

Mr.Joe lives in Beijing now, which is quite a long way from here.乔先生现在住在北京，那里距离这儿很远。

I congratulate my neighbour, whose son has just won the election.我祝贺我的邻居，他的儿子刚刚赢得选举。非限制性定语从句的五个“不能”(1)关系词不能用 that

(2)关系词不能用 why，只能用 for which(3)有且只有 as 能放整个句首，which 不能

(4)“介词+关系代词 其中的关系代词不能用 as。介词 + which/ whom(5)指人的关系代词作宾语时，只能用宾格 whom;不能用 who 替换，也不能省略。

四、关系代词和关系副词的选用

引导定语从句的关系代词和关系副词的选用，比较复杂除了牵涉到所指的先行词是人还是物，所引导的定语从句是限制性的还是非限制性的，以及关系词在从句中充当什么句子成份外，还要根据习惯用法而定。A．只用who 1．在非限制定语从句中指人时：

His mother, who loves him very much, is strict with him.他妈妈十分地爱他，对他要求很严格。2．先行词是one, anyone, those等指人时：

One who has nothing to fear for hiself dares to tell the truth.一个无所畏惧的人敢说真话。

Anyone who breaks the law shall be published.任何犯法的人都将受到惩罚。

Those who are against the plan put up your hands please.凡是反对这项计划的人，请举手。3．在there/here be开头的句子中。

Here is a boy who wants to see you.有个男孩想见你。B． 只用which whom

在下列情况下，一般不能用that代替which whom。1．在非限制性定语从句中。

The weather was very terrible, which we hadn't expected.天气非常糟糕，这我们没有料到。2．介词后面。高中定语从句讲解

关系代词紧跟在介词或短语介词后面，只能用which或whom，不能用that。

He climbed up to the top of a large rock, from which he got a good view.他爬到一块巨大的岩石顶上，从那里他看到很好的景色。（也可用from where）

Sound is a tool, by means of which people communicate with each other.声音是工具，人们通过这个工具进行交流。

C．只用that 1．当先行词为everything, anything, nothing, all, none, few, little等词时，或当先行词被every, any, all,some, no, little, few, much等词修饰时。

Everything that they said was true.他所说的一切都是真的。

He is dead and there's nothing that can be done.他死了，再也没有什么办法了。

There was little that we could do to help her.我们没有什么能帮助她的。

These walls are all that remain of the ancint city.这些墙是这座古城所残存下来的全部。

提示: something 后面可用which引导定语从句。

There is something(which/ that)I'd like to tell you.有些事我想告诉你。2．当先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。

The first place(that)they visited in London was the Big Ben.在伦敦他们参观的第一个地方是大本钟。

She was probably the hardest working student(that)I have ever taught.她也许是我教学生中学习最勤奋的。3．当先行词被the very, the only修饰时。

This is the very grammar book(that)I want to buy.这正是我要买的语法书。

Beauty is the only thing(that)Emily can be proud of.美丽是埃米莉唯一能骄傲的东西。

4．当先行词为who或前面有who, which等疑问代词时。

Who that has common sense will believe such nonsense? 有常识的人谁会相信这种无聊的事情？

Who is the man that is standing by the gate? 站在门口的那个人是谁？

Which is the T-shirt that fits me most? 哪件T恤衫最合我的身？

5．当先行词为人与事物或动物时。

The driver and his car that fell into the river have not yet been discovered.掉入河里的司机与车都还没有找到。

The boy and his dog that were believed to be lost in the wood were rescued this morning.被认为在森林里迷路的孩子与狗，今天早上已经获救了。

6．先行词在定语从句中做表语时。

She is no longer the sweet girl(that)she used to be.她再也不是过去那个甜美的女孩了。

He is not the man(that)he seems.他这人不貌相。

D．关系副词与关系代词的选择

当先行词是表示时间、地点或原因的名词时，定语从句用关系副词还是关系代词来引导，要根据关系词在定语从句中所担当的句子成分来决定。

I will never forget the days when we spent our holidays together.我永远忘不了我们一起度假的日子。（when作状语）高中定语从句讲解

I will never forget the days which we spent together.我永远忘不了我们一起度过的日子。（which作we spent宾语）

I know a place where we can have a picnic.我知道一个我们可以野炊的地方。（where作状语）

I know a place which is famous for its beautiful natural scenery.我知道一个以自然景色优美而闻名的地方。（which作主语）E．关系词的省略

在下列情况下，关系代词或关系副词在非正式文体中可以省略。

1．关系代词that, which, who, whom在定语从句中做宾语时，常可省略。

Are these keys(that which)you were looking for? 这是你正在寻找的钥匙吗？

The man(who that)I was sitting net to on the plane talked all the time.飞机上坐在我旁边的那个人一直在喋喋不休。

2．以the way为先行词的限制性定语从句通常由in which或that引导，而且通常可以省略。

I don't like the way(that in which)she walks.我不喜欢她走路的样子。The way(that in which)he answered the questions was surprising.他回答这些问题的方式令惊奇。

3．在the time when, the place where, the reason why结构中，when, where, why可省略。

I shall never forget the day(when)we first met.我永远不能忘记我们第一次见面的那一天。

That's the place(where)he stayed when he was in the country.那就是他在乡下呆过的地方。

F．定语从句与强调句型的区别

1．强调句型中的it是个引导词，本身没有意义。如果去掉it is/was that，句子结构仍然完整，句意也完整。定语从句中的it是指示代词，做主句的主语。如果去掉it is/was that，句子结构不完整，意思也完整。

It is a question that needs careful consideration.这是一个需要慎重考虑的问题。（定语从句）

It is novels that she enjoys reading.她喜欢阅读的是小说。（强调句）

2．在强调句中被强调的部分还可以是副词、介词短语或从句；在定语从句中先行词一般是名词、代词或名词短语。

Was it in this palace that the last emperor died（强调句型）

那位末朝皇帝是在这个宫殿里死的吗？

Was it this palace where the last emperor died（定语从句）

这是那位末朝皇帝死的宫殿吗？

3．有些强调句型中含有一个定语从句，这往往给理解带来一定的难度。解决方法是仔细分析that或who在句中的作用。

It was in the lab that was set up last year that they finished the experiment.他们是在去年建造的实验室里完成这个实验的。（that was set up last year 是定语从句，that在从句中作主语，并可被which替换）

It was the students who came from our school that won the first prize in the contest.是来自我们学校的学生获得了竞赛一等奖。（who came rom our school 是定语从句，who在从句中作主语）高中定语从句讲解

G．定语从句与同位语从句的区别

1．定语从句是形容词性的，其功能是修饰先行词，起限定作用。而同位语从句等同于它所修饰的名词，是名词性的，其功能是对所修饰的名词作补充说明。

It is a fact(that)you can't deny.这是一个你不能否认的事实。（定语从句）

It is a fact that she has done her best.她尽了最大的努力，这是事实。（同位语从句）

2．在定语从句中，that代先行词，在从句中不仅起连接作用，还充当某个句子成分，在作宾语时通常可省略。而在同位语从句中，that只起连接主句和从句的作用，无意义，在从句中不充当句子成分，一般不可省。

The news(that)we heard spread all over the school campus.我们听到的消息传遍了校园。（定语从句）

The news that Mr.Li will be our new English teacher is true.李先生将是我们的新英语老师这个消息是真的。（同位从句）

历年高考真题：

1.---Mom, what did your doctor say?

---He advised me to live _____ the air is fresher.2006年(四川卷)

A.in where

B.in which

C.the place where

D.where

先行词在句中无法找到, 故该句型不属定语从句,应为地点状语从句。本题考察

了定语从句与地点状语从句的区别。【D】

2.I saw a woman running towards me in the dark.Before I could recognize who she was, she had run back in the direction _____ she had come.2006年（重庆卷）A.of which

B.by which

C.in which

D.from which 3.Jenny was very sad over the loss of the photos she had shot at Canada,_____this was a memory she especially treasured.2006年（广东卷）

A.as

B.if

C.when

D.where 4.Women ______ drink more than two cups of coffee a day have a greater chance of having heart disease than those _____ don’t.2006年（北京卷）

A.who;不填 B.不填;who C.who;who D.不填;不填

解析：两处空格后均为定语从句，均缺少关系词。第一个定语从句的先行词是woman，要用关系代词引导从句，同时该从句中缺主语，用who；第二个定语从句高中定语从句讲解的先行词是those，在句中指人，其定语从句也缺少主语，用who.所以选C。

5.We saw several natives advancing towards our party, and one of them came up to us _____ we gave some bells and glasses.2006年（湖南卷）

A.to which

B.to whom

C.with whom

D.with which 6.She was educated at Beijing University, _____ she went on to have her advanced study abroad.2006（陕西卷）

A.after which

B.from which

C.from that

D.after that 有逗号是定语从句，若是句号用after that即为状语从句。如果which在从句中是句子的一部分，充当从句的主语或者宾语，没有which句子就不完整。而that在从句中不是一部分，没有that一样是个完整的句子

7.The Beatles,____many of you are old enough to remember, came from Liverpool.2006年（天津卷）

A.what

B.that

C.how

D.as 8.I was given three books on cooking, the first _____ I really enjoyed.2006年（浙江卷）

A.of that

B.of which

C.that

D.which 9.My most famous relative of all, _____ who really left his mark on America, was Rob Sussel, my great-grandfather.2006年（江苏卷）

A.one

B.the one

C.he

D.someone 10.We’re just trying to reach a point _____ both sides will sit down together and talk.2006年（山东卷）

A.where

B.that

C.when

D.Which 我们仅仅是尝试达到一个能使双方坐下来对话的目标。

point,base,situation,condition等表示事态，情况等的一些词在用于定语从句时后面的连词要用where或in which

11.You can find whatever you need at the shopping centre，_____ is always busy at the weekend.2006年（上海春季）

A.that B.where

C.what

D.Which先行词为shopping center 12.Some pre-school children go to a day care center, _____ they learn simple games and songs.2007年（全国Ⅰ卷）

A.while

B.there

C.then

D.where 13.Last week, only two people came to look at the house, _____ wanted to buy it.2007年（安徽卷）

A.none of them B.both of them

C.none of whom

D.neither of whom 14.Human facial expressions differ from those of animals in the degree _____ they can be controlled on purpose.2007年（重庆卷）

A.with which

B.to which

C.of which

D.for which 按题意先行词 the degree 在句中构成 to sth.(达到某种程度)作句中作宾语 应选【B】。

1． 先行词在句中无法找到, 故该句型不属定语从句,应为地点状语从句。本题考察

了定语从句与地点状语从句的区别。【D】 高中定语从句讲解

2． 按题意先行词 the direction 用在 come(from)后构成(from)the direction 在句中作方式状语,应填 from which。【D】

3． 先行词是指整个主句的内容, 但是它在从句中不充当任何成分，故该句型不属定语从句,应为原因状语从句。本题考察了定语从句与原因状语从句的区别。【A】

4． 先行词 Women 在句中作主语,应选【C】

5． 按题意先行词 them 在句中作 give sth.to sb.结构作介词的宾语,应选【B】。

6． 按题意先行词是指整个主句的内容,在句中又构成了(after)sth作介词的宾语,应选【A】。

7． 【解析】按题意先行词是指整个主句的内容,在句中作 remember 的宾语,应选【D】。

8． 【解析】按题意先行词 three books 在句中与 the first(of …)一起作 enjoyed 的宾语,应选【B】。

9． 【解析】按题关系代词为 who 已给出,在句中作主语。本题是考察根据从句找出先行词。根据题意关系代词指人，常用 the one 代替，故选【B】 10． 【解析】先行词 a point 在句中作地点状语，应选【A】。

11． 【解析】先行词 the shopping centre 在句中作主语,且该句为非限制性定语从句，故D

12． 【解析】先行词 a day care center 在句中作地点状语，应选【D】。13． 【解析】按题意先行词 only two people 在句中作主语,应选【D】。

14． 【解析】按题意先行词 the degree 在句中构成 to sth.(达到某种程度)作句中作宾语 应选【B】。