第一篇:高考作文分类专项(四)兴 趣 爱 好
高考作文分类专项
(四)兴 趣 爱 好
一、基础积累
(1)surf the internet上网(2)chat online 在线聊天(3)enjoy popular music 喜欢流行音乐
(4)be fond of/be keen on喜欢…(5)have some hobbies有一些爱好
(6)be interested in对……感兴趣(7)take an interest in对……感兴趣
(8)be crazy about...对……着迷(9)come to like...越来越喜欢
(10)develop a great liking for...渐渐爱上
(11)I prefer watching a TV show to going to a concert.我宁愿看电视表演,而不愿去听音乐会。
(12)He goes for playing on-line games.他喜欢玩在线游戏。
(13)Shopping is my favorite hobby in my spare time.购物是我闲暇时最喜欢的爱好。
(14)I hate visiting museums, for I think they are boring.我讨厌参观博物馆,因为我觉得它们让人感到无趣。
二、基础写作:就家长反对自己集邮写求助信
假如你热衷集邮,但家长并不支持,于是你向一个学生心声的专栏写信咨询解决的办法。内容包括:
1.你的意见:(1)增长知识;(2)减压;(3)挣钱。2.家长意见:(1)浪费钱;(2)占了学习时间。
基础写作:就家长反对自己集邮写求助信
I’ve always been fond of collecting stamps since I was a child.As far as I’m concerned,collecting stamps is a meaningful hobby, helping me to know a lot.Besides,dealing with my collection of stamps not only gives me great satisfaction but also helps me relax under the great pressure of studies.What’s more,I even earn money by selling some stamps and my collection will be more valuable as times goes by.However,my parents are strongly against it for they consider it as a waste of money and they also think that sorting out my stamps may take up too much of my time,which should be spent on my studies.三、举一反三:该不该迫使孩子学习他们不感兴趣的才艺
培养孩子的兴趣爱好是非常必要的,但现在有很多家长一味地追求子女的多才多艺,迫使孩子学习他们不感兴趣的东西,请你以大约120个词谈谈对这种现象的看法,内容包括:
(1)你是否赞同上述家长的做法;(2)以你或你朋友的经历说明你的观点;
(3)呼吁家长们要尊重孩子的意愿。
任务写作:该不该迫使孩子学习他们不感兴趣的才艺
Today’s children are lucky to have many opportunities to develop their talents.But on the other hand,a lot of parents push their children too hard.(26 words)
In that case,I don’t envy them.It is true that good hobbies make life more colorful and enjoyable.However,things are different if children take no interest in the “hobby” that their parents choose for them.Without interest as motivation,they find it a burden rather than a hobby.My 6-year-old neighbour often cries while practicing the piano.She is busier on weekends than on weekdays because she has to attend many extracurricular activities.Her mother complains that she even sleeps in class.Therefore, parents should see the bad effects from their over-effort to cultivate children’s talents.Parents are supposed to help children learn what they are interested in.Only in this way can they learn well and be happy!(121 words)
第二篇:高考作文分类评析
现在我们来聊聊作文,这是个多少有点让人感到沮丧和尴尬的话题,高考作文占了三分之一还要多,没有哪个同学会不重视作文,现在充斥市场的作文宝典、作文训练大全、优秀作文示范可从一个侧面反映出对作文训练的用力之猛,与此同时存在的事实是:无论什么样的题目学生写出来的作文都是一个调调,实验班与平行班的作文分数相差无几,怎样训练作文平均分都在四十分上下,这种局面严重影响了同学们写作文的积极性。
好作文的好大家都很清楚,但是准确找出作文中的病,并以此为基础寻找相应的教学手段,才更是一种建设性的思考。结合这些年主持高考语文评卷经验,今天对于当前高考作文之病略作梳理与探究,不当之处,请大家批评。
“平”:这一类作文没有跑题,对材料主旨的理解恰当,立论正确,表达也清楚,全文结构完整层次分明,找不出明显的缺陷,但读起来平淡乏味,你说不出它哪里不对,但也没有哪一句话能够进入你的内心,如《莫让生活失衡》的立论为“生活需要保持一种平衡,我们不只要从物质上满足精神的平衡,更要从多方面丰富它,使它更加多彩迷人在我们前行的路上更要时刻保持一份平衡的心态,不因妒忌而失去原则,不因艳羡而贪图富贵忘了本性。”《生活的平衡木》中心论点为“我们也需要过一种平衡的生活,不至于由于一边过重而使我们倒下。我们的生活不能一味地去劳作,也不能一味地去娱乐,这样的生活将会失去意义,劳逸结合可以使我们生活充满阳光”这毫无疑问是正确的,也仅仅是正确而已,止于最普通的认识,缺乏思想的深度、高度,也就没有思想的力量。写出这样作文的学生其写作的基本技能是没有问题的,文从字顺、清楚明了,要让他们的作文上50分,需要培养其理性认识、辩证分析的能力。认识能力的培养需要一个较长的过程,如果能着眼于青年世界观人生观价值观养成,系统探讨人与自然关系、科学进步与社会发展、当代社会的伦理道德、现代社会的人际关系、健康的人生价值取向等问题,既滋养了思想与情感,又为考试积淀了思想基础。需要说明的是,对这些问题要真正地探讨,而不是找一些格言之类让学生背,老师要做充分的准备引导学生思考,选取恰当的切入点,这对老师的要求很高。写好作文,有时功夫在写之外,老师教好作文,功夫在教之外。语文老师的语文生活。
“乱”:这一类作文立论正确,论点也比较清晰,全文的结构是完整的,但细看之下就会发觉作者的思路纠缠不清、论证中逻辑关系不清晰,表述不到位,给人的整体印象是混乱琐碎。比如《过上一种平和的生活》论点为“人生,应该过宁静祥和的生活,不以物喜,不以己悲”,观点大致是不错的,但文章中的论证则牵强附会,如“过上一种平和的生活,是败也如清水穿石,有穷且志坚,不坠青云之志的倔强傲岸”,语言不伦不类,语意不明,又举孔子人生的为例,与平和不搭。《生活永不平衡》的论点为“生活的不平衡正是因为生活中充满了各种问题,生存、生活、理想......而人生的意义正是去解决这些问题,在不平衡中一直进取。”作者用美国海豹突击队的经历来证明自己的观点:“一位久经沙场的海豹突击队员在他的回忆录中记叙了一个悲剧般的故事;作者及另外三人参加一次猎杀基地组织重要任务,然而不料被敌军发现,敌方集结了至少200人以上的兵力,对其死人在山林中进行了围追堵截。最后他们中的三人战死,只剩下唯一的幸存者,孤独的幸存者。4人对战200人,常人无法想象的悬殊,极端的差距。虽然这是海豹突击队史上最黑暗的一员,然而他们虽败犹荣,他们也许深知自己的命运,但是他们依然拿起枪继续战斗,即使沉重的子弹将他们击倒,他们也拔出手炮,直到打完最后一个弹匣。这正是一种可贵的精神。毫不畏惧实力的悬殊,这种精神才让一个国家为之骄傲。”也许作者对海豹突击队的这一经历印象很深,感慨颇多,但是,他显然没有找到这个事件与自己论点之间的关联,或者说没有把这种关系表述出来。阅卷时,有的作文乍一看似乎还行,细读又不知所云,就往往是这种情况。解决这类问题重在培养思维的逻辑性,要做到文章的内容无论走多远、内容多复杂,都是或远或近、或直接或间接地证明自己的中心观点;达到这个目标不能一蹴而就,要从小到大。先叫学生分析一些单个的事例或人物或故事,学会使用恰当的叙述方式自然牵引出事例中蕴含的观念、命题和思想,1
最后一定要落到故事包含的道理上,不妨使用因为所以的句式、三段论的格式来寻找其中的道理,当已经能够准确轻松地找出其中的道理时,再尝试把多个事例或故事联结起来,这个时候要考虑多个事例之间的关系,一定要构成明确的关系,全文才会紧凑,《生活永不平衡》 中的两个事例韩寒和海豹突击队的关系就不清晰,显得混乱,而《物质生活与精神生活的平衡》房姐和牛顿“前一段时间,新闻里放的沸沸扬扬的“房姐”垄爱爱,无疑。她是一个只追求物质生活的而放弃精神生活的人。一个人,两个户口,几十套房子,试想她工商银行行长的职位能换来这些报酬吗?在她追求物质生活时,她忘记了道德,丢弃了精神生活。所以,她的结果不会好,她的优越的物质生活不会永远存在。而牛顿,却是和“房姐”相反的人。晚年的牛顿,放弃了对自然科学的研究,转而研究神学。在他的研究中,他忽略了物质生活,一心追求一个理想的世界。他沉迷于他的精神生活当中。一心向往神学,向往上帝。最终,他迷失在了自己的精神生活中不能自拔,走到了错误的路口。试想,牛顿在追求精神生活时如果能不忘记对物质生活的研究那么他的成就定不只“三大力学定律”那些了吧!”则简洁有力。
“飘”:飘的作文问题主要在审题立意上,立论看似符合题意又不真正符合题意,这是因为学生对材料的理解、概括存在问题。材料作文的立意往往多元,题中一般会说“根据阅读材料后中的感悟、联想与思考”来写作文,要总体把握材料所包含的意义与思想,“不要脱离材料内容及含义”是指作文的立意与材料所蕴含、体现的思想内容以及可以从材料中引申得到的思想与情感相关,这种相关是指整体意义上的相关,不是字、词、句子、段落的直接引用与粘贴。如果学生缺乏对材料的整体把握,断章取义地寻找同义词、近义词,立论就会飘到一边去。今年作文主题是平衡的生活,与平淡、平凡、平常有关系,但平衡的生活不一定就平淡、平凡、平常,一些作文单纯地谈平淡、平凡、平常的内涵则飘得过远了。《平凡的生活,不平凡的人生》谈平凡的生活与不平凡的人生的辩证关系,这种认识本身没有错,但与材料的关系就飘渺了,《精彩人生——闲适》通篇谈闲适,也扣得偏了,材料中包含了闲适的意味,但重心是在平衡的生活。对材料的把握实质是要把握现象背后的本质,能在复杂零散的材料中提出核心的思想来,要集中地做概括材料的练习,去年我讲过三句话练习,让学生面对大量的材料写三句话概括材料的主旨,一个材料可以写多个三句话(多元立意),用高强度的思维活动来磨砺学生的理性思辨。
“浮”:这类作文的通病是语言华美,好用历史人物、典故的描绘壮大声势,纵横古今、谈玄阐幽,貌似深刻与丰富,实际上全篇内容散漫,无具体的观点,也没有中心统帅文中的材料,空洞苍白,写作的追求停留于漂亮单句的制作上。《于江渚之中看见》就是典型的“浮泛”之文,作者用辛弃疾“于寂寞之中寻求平衡”,李清照“于离散之中寻求平衡”,庄子“于濮水之中寻觅平衡”结构全文,看起来似都是以“平衡”中心,但是全文中毫无对“平衡”的诠释,也无对平衡的生活的理解,至于平衡如何与寂寞、离散、濮水关联 起来,更是毫无逻辑可 言,于是就单个的句子而言都是美丽的,通观全文则不知所云。《平衡,当清水出芙蓉而雕之》也是这样,标题即是文章的中心观点,在文中三次重复,作者是有意造成结构严谨之象,但就是标题中的两个句子也是不搭的,无论是常规的思维还是这篇文章的具体阐释,都没有把二者关联起来,因此这个句子是没有意义的,如果这个句子成立,那么可以把平衡置换成任何词语。这样的浮泛之文不是偶然的一个两个,每年都会见到一些,而且写法都差不多,我认为原因在于导向问题。第一是对文章之美的理解停留于肤浅表面,以好词丽句的营造代替对思想理性和激情的追求;第二是在写作练习上的舍本逐末,放弃理性认识的提高、逻辑思维磨砺、观察世界的体验,专致于文章结构、遣词造句、堆砌材料等技巧的熟练,写作出来的是没有认识、没有情感、没有灵魂的三无产品;第三是应试策略上的投机心理,以为在时间相对匆忙的评卷过程中,可以单凭好词丽句博得评卷人的青睐,掩盖其苍白空洞的实质。不是不能写好词丽句,关键是写有内容的好词丽句。《平衡生活,自在清欢》
也是好词丽句,但是有内容:“平衡生活,既不放任于完全的闲适,亦不做风雨中孤独永恒的漂泊者和跋涉者。在跋涉中需要一个诗意的停顿,在停泊中亦不可忘却靠岸后登陆搏击的浩然之气。平衡生活,不是一味朝平淡或激进那一方靠近,而是在中间寻得一个恰到好处的平衡点,以其共同作用达到苏轼所言“人间有味是清欢”的境界。”
“木”:“木”是走到了“浮”的反面的毛病,这类作文立论浅露,表达简单直白,内容较为单薄,给人质木无文的感觉,难以博得高分。孔子说:质胜文则野,文胜质则诗。《平衡不如精通》:“平衡的生活,虽说什么都会,但也只是略懂,跟真正的大师相比,那就是自不量力。平衡,也是一种平淡,不去追求,不去拼命,怎能得到自己想要的,满足即便是此时此刻的需求。”不是词不达意,而是词与意都不精彩。《生活的平衡木》用设问句贯穿全文,使得文章线索很清楚,可惜的是几个问句不够精练有力量:生活,需要平衡,如果只是一味地学习和工作,不知道那样的你将会是怎样的,生活,需要平衡,如果只是一味地娱乐和享受,不知道那样的你又将会是怎么样的,生活,需要平衡,如果你是一个劳逸结合的人,那么你又会是怎样的呢? 这样的学生,就要有意识地多作句子练习,设定一些观点,尝试用排比句、比喻句表达,练习使用象征手法、比喻手法、夸张手法,还要积累一些内涵深厚、隽永精警的词汇,以提高文章的文化品味。
第三篇:高考作文分类专项(七)节假日活动
高考作文分类专项
(七)节假日活动
一、基础积累
1.中国节日名称
(1)The Spring Festival春节(2)The Dragon Boat Festival端午节(3)The Mid-autumn Festival中秋节
(4)New Year’s Day元旦(5)National Day国庆节(6)International Labor Day五一劳动节
(7)Teachers’ Day教师节(8)Children’s Day儿童节(9)Women’s Day妇女节
(10)Tomb-sweeping Day清明节(11)Double Ninth Festival重阳节(12)Lantern Festival元宵节
2.西方节日名称
(1)Christmas day 圣诞节(2)Thanksgiving Day 感恩节(3)Valentine’s Day 情人节
(4)April Fool’s Day 愚人节(5)Halloween Day 万圣节(6)Easter Day 复活节
(7)Mothers’ Day 母亲节(8)Fathers’ day 父亲节
3.相关句子
(1)National Day is coming.国庆节快到了。
(2)National Day falls on Monday this year.今年国庆节是星期一。
(3)We celebrated the New Year with a dance party.我们举行舞会来庆祝新年。
二、基础写作:邀请美国朋友在春节期间来中国(据2009年山东卷改编)
假设你是李华,曾在美国学习半年,现已回国。你想联系你的美国老师Mr.Smith,但没有其联系方式。请根据以下要点给你的美国同学Tom 写一封信:
1.感谢Tom对你英语学习的帮助; 2.询问Mr.smith 的近况并索要其联系方式;
3.邀请Tom在春节期间来中国感受中国文化。
Dear Tom,In this letter I would like to convey my heartfelt appreciation to you for your kind assistance in my English learning when I was in New York.Additionally,I have been missing our English professor,Mr.Smith.I desire to contact him for some suggestions on improving my listening ability.However,his e-mail address is not available,so would you mind delivering it to me via the online mailbox
I am more than delighted to invite you to join us to celebrate the Spring Festival-Chinese Lunar New Year so that I can repay your friendship.With my best regards!
Yours cordially,Li Hua
三、举一反三:母亲节我为母亲做了什么和打算做什么
1.用大约30个词概括短文内容要点;2.然后以大约120个词发表你的观点,包括如下要点:
(1)你是否认为只有女孩才能向父母表达爱;(2)回忆今年的母亲节,你做了什么;(3)你今后应当如何做。Love our Mothers
On Mother’s Day, the author found it hard to say “I love you” to his mother.However, thinking of the kindness of his mother, he was determined to give her an unexpected card with love.(34 words)
What the writer did this time is very dutiful.In my opinion, boys can show their respect to their parents as well as girls.They both can express their appreciation to them, because, after all,each parent has paid out so much for their children’s growth.To celebrate Mother’s Day this year, I bought a bunch of pretty flowers with a card on it,reading, “You are the best mom that a daughter has ever had.I love you, Mum!”
From now on, to express my love to my mother, I am going to do more housework,cooking, washing, cleaning and shopping, which seems to be endless.By doing these, I will come to realize that, as a matter of fact, mum is very toilsome(辛苦的)all the time.(128 words)
第四篇:高考作文分类专项(十) 饮食健康
高考作文分类专项
(十)饮食健康
一、基础积累
(1)suffer from 遭受, 患上(2)near-sighted近视的(3)feel stressed/depressed 感到紧张/沮丧
(4)have a pain in...某处疼痛(5)mentally unhealthy 心理不健康的(6)relax oneself 自我轻松
(7)relieve pressure 缓解压力(8)go on diet 节食;proper diet恰当的饮食
(9)take three meals on time 按时吃三餐(10)eat much junk food 吃很多的垃圾食品
(11)(un)healthy eating habits(不)健康的饮食习惯(12)be high /low/rich in...……含量高/低/丰富
(13)be optimistic/ pessimistic about 对……乐观/悲观(14)physical and mental condition 生理和心理状况
(15)feel weak(well, terrible, sick)感觉虚弱(健康/很糟/恶心)
(16)face difficulties/setbacks with courage 勇敢面对困难/挫折
(17)An apple a day keeps the doctor away.每天一只苹果不用看医生。(谚语)
(18)Early to bed and early to rise make a man healthy, wealthy and wise.早睡早起使人健康、富有和聪明。
二、基础写作:提醒朋友注意卫生,预防甲流
你从电视上看到美国正流行甲型H1N1流感(A/H1N1 flu),部分学校停课。你为你正在美国上学的笔友Mike的健康与安全担心。
请给Mike写一封email,内容包括:
1.建议
(1)尽量呆在家里,少去人多的地方;(2)勤洗手,讲卫生;(3)多开窗,保持空气新鲜;(4)多吃水果蔬菜。
2.安慰他不要担心.Dear Mike,From the TV I know many A/H1N1 flu cases are reported recently in the United States and many schools are closed as a result.I’m so worried about you.Are you all right? Are there any HINI flu cases in your school?
To stay away from the disease, you’d better stay at home as much as possible and not go to places where there are many people.Besides, you should wash your hands more often so as to keep them clean.Also,keeping the windows open to have more fresh air in the room is helpful.And above all, it does a lot of good to you if you eat more fruit and vegetable, for doing this can help keep you fit and strong.The disease is not so deadly as it seems to be,so do be at ease!Take care and you’ll be OK.Yours truly,Li Hua
三、举一反三:面对挫折(setback)时如何保持心理健康
1.以约30词概括所阅读短文的主要内容;
2.以约120词就“面对挫折(setback)时如何保持心理健康?”发表看法,内容包括:
(1)请举例描述你遭遇过的挫折(2)你是怎样看待挫折的?(3)就面对挫折如何保持心理健康提出一些建议。Despite the efforts made by the government,many college graduates failed to get a good job this year and felt depressed and ashamed.What’s worse, some of them committed suicide, just like Miss Liu in this report.(37 words)
I came across many setbacks in my study and life.For example, I failed in my math final exam when I was in Senior One.Knowing the result, I cried hard.I analyzed the situation and studied harder.With all my efforts and the help of others, I finally became good at math and passed many exams.In my opinion, setbacks are harsh teachers, but the lessons we learn from them can be invaluable.When setbacks happen,we should be brave and stay optimistic.It is a good way to relieve the pain to turn to our trusted ones for comfort, see a funny movie, listen to music, or visit a beautiful place.After we cool down, maybe we can gain something out of this painful experience.(127words)
第五篇:高考作文分类专项(六) 计划和愿望
高考作文分类专项
(六)计划和愿望
一、基础积累
1)feel like doing想要做(2)be prepared to do准备做(3)decide/ be determined to决定
(4)mean /plan/intend to do计划做(5)look forward to doing盼望做(6)have a desire to do希望做
(7)long/hope/wish/want to do渴望/希望/想做
(8)He planned to go abroad for further studies.他计划出国学习深造。
(9)So I am determined to meet the challenge.因此,我准备迎接挑战。
(10)There’ll be a football game in our school this week.本周我们学校有一场足球比赛。
(11)Think twice before you do.三思而后行。
(12)Great hopes make great man.伟大的抱负造就伟大的人。
(13)Hope for the best, but prepare for the worst.抱最好的愿望,做最坏的打算。
二、基础写作:
假如你是王跃华,写一封申请信,报名参加其中一门课程的学习。主要内容包括:
(1)你感兴趣的课程;(2)你期望从这门课程中学到什么;(3)为什么想学这些内容。
Dear leader,I am very glad that your school will hold the English Summer Camp that contains many courses, such as gardening,cooking,self-defence, nursing and so on.I want to register to attend a course about gardening because I have liked flowers and grasses since I was a little child.I especially like playing in the garden where I can enjoy the beauty of nature.For one thing,I hope to gain a bit more knowledge of gardening so that it can help me to major in the gardening after attending college.Besides, I can realize the bitterness of the gardeners to treasure the plants much more, and at the same time, I wish to get much more information about gardening so as to study it more easily when I enter university.For another, after graduation from college I will devote my life to cultivating the flowers and grasses to turn our country into a more beautiful state and attract many more foreigners to visit our country.Yours,Wang Yuehua
三、举一反三:做教师
以约120个词就“做教师”这个话题进行议论,内容包括:
(1)可以不与社会上各种各样的人交往;(2)在教学中可以不断充实、提高自己;(3)在学生眼中,老师是值得尊敬和信赖的人;(4)不同学生的不同思想可以丰富生活内容;(5)教师的地位会越来越高。
I Want to Be a Teacher
I dream of being a teacher.I love the job and believe it is the best one in the world.Firstly, I don’t like associating with all kinds of people, which is not safe.Being a teacher,I don’t have to get in touch with the people I dislike.Secondly,I have more chances and time to enrich myself in dealing with my students’ questions.People sometimes need to be pushed to learn new ideas.Thirdly, in students’ eyes,most of their teachers are trusty and respectable and this is what I am after and value a great deal.Lastly,different students have different characters and ideas,from which I can gain benefit for my life.Above all, education would be more and more important, together with the teachers’ position.That’s why I love to be a teacher.(138 words)