第一篇：电大学位英语学习-宾语从句
一.宾语从句的定义
置于动词、介词等词性后面起宾语作用的从句叫宾语从句。宾语从句的语序必须是陈述语序。谓语动词、介词、动词不定式，v.-ing形式后面都能带宾语从句。有些形容词（afraid,sure,glad等）之后也可以带宾语从句。
二.宾语从句中引导词的用法
在复合句中作主句的宾语，引导词有：
连词：that(that 常可省略),whether, if
代词：who, whose, what ,which
副词：when ,where, how, why 等。
（一）that引导的宾语从句（在非正式场合that可以省略）
可跟that从句做宾语的动词有：
say, think, insist, wish, hope, demand, imagine, wonder, know, suppose, see, believe, agree, admit, deny, expect, explain, order, command, feel, dream, suggest, hear, mean, notice, prefer, request, require, propose, declare, report等。
例句：The boy believes that he will travel through space to other planets.注意事项：当主句谓语动词是 think, believe, suppose, expect 等词，而宾语从句的意思是否定时，常把否定转移至主句表示。
例句：I don’t think it is right for him to treat you like that.在以下情况中that不能省略
当句中的动词后接多于两个由that引导的宾语从句时，第一个that可省，但后面的that不可省。例句：He said(that)you were too young to understand the matter and that he was asked not to tell you.当主句的谓语动词与that宾语从句之间有插入语时，that一般不可省。
例句：Just then I noticed, for the first time, that our master was wearing his fine green coat and his black silk cap.当that从句是双宾语中的直接宾语时，that不可省。
例句：I can’t tell him that his mother died.注意事项：许多带复合宾语的句子，that引导的宾语从句经常移到句子后部，而用it作形式宾语。例句：I find it necessary that we should do the homework on time.（二）由whether,if 引导的宾语从句
由whether(if)引导的宾语从句，实际上是一般疑问句演变而来的。意思是“是否”。宾语从句要用陈述句语序。一般说来，在宾语从句中whether与if可以互换使用，但在特殊情况下if与whether是不能互换的。
例句：I wonder whether(if)they will come to our party.只能用whether，不能用if引导的宾语从句
在带to的不定式前
例句：We decided whether to walk there.在介词的后面
例句：I’m thinking of whether we should go to see the film.在动词后面的宾语从句时
例句：We discussed whether we had a sports meeting next week
直接与or not连用时
例句：I can’t say whether or not thet can come on time.只能用if不能用whether引导的宾语从句
if引导条件状语从句，意为“如果”
例句：The students will go on a picnic if it is sunny.if引导否定概念的宾语从句时
例句：He asked if I didn’t come to school yesterday.引导状语从句even if（即使）和as if（好象）时
例句：He talks as if he has known all about it.（三）连接代词和连接副词引导的宾语从句
这样的宾语从句实际上是由特殊疑问句变化而来的，宾语从句要用陈述句语序。用于这种结构的动词常常是：see, say, tell, ask, answer, know, decide, show, find out, imagine, suggest, doubt, wonder, discover, understand, inform, advise等。
英语中的连接代词有：who,whom,whose,which,what,在句中担任主语、宾语、定语或者表语。例句：Can you tell me whom you are waiting for?
英语中的连接副词有：when,where,why,how，在句中担任状语的成分。
例句：None of us knows where these new parts can be bought.三.宾语从句的语序
宾语从句的语序是陈述句语序即：连接代词/副词+主语+谓语+其他成分。例句如下：
I don’t know what they are looking for.Could you tell me when the train will leave?
Can you imagine what kind of man he is?
四.宾语从句的时态
主句是一般现在时，从句根据实际情况使用任何时态。
例句：The headmaster hopes everything goes well.主句是过去时态，从句须用过去时态的某种形式。
例句：She was sorry that she hadn’t finished her work on time.当宾语从句表示的是一个客观真理或者事实时，即使主句是过去时，从句也用一般现在时态。例句：The teacher told his class that light travels faster than sound.五.宾语从句的特点
宾语从句可以作及物动词、介词及形容词的宾语。
宾语从句的语序一律用陈述句语序。
连接词that引导宾语从句在句中无词义，不充当句子成份，多数情况下可以省略。
whether 和 if 都可引导宾语从句，但 whether后可紧跟or not；whether从句可作介词的宾语。如果从句太长，可以用形式宾语it.48个国际音标助记口诀
国际音标四
十八、个个都要记清它，元音单、双二十整，辅音清、浊二十八。
单元音又分中、前、后，依次各有二、四、六，双元音数也是双，正好八个不要漏。
辅音虽多也别慌，清浊成对有十双，剩下[h][r][l][j][w]，还有鼻音[m] [n] [ŋ]。
有气无声清辅音，有声无气浊辅音，发音特点应掌握。
be动词用法口诀
我用am，你用are，is连着他，她，它；
单数名词用is，复数名词全用are。
变疑问，往前提，句末问号莫丢弃。
变否定，更容易，be后not莫忘记。
疑问否定任你变，句首大写莫迟疑。
开音节与闭音节区分口诀
开音节，音节开，一元字母在后排；不怕一辅堵后门，还有哑e在门外。
闭音节，音节闭，一元字母生闷气；辅音字母堵后门，一元字母音短急。
英语词类口诀
句子要由词组成，英语词类有十种：
句中成分用实词，名、代、动、副、数、形容；
冠、介、连词和感叹，虚词附加或沟通；
词类功能掌握了，造句之时好运用。
英语语序口诀
主、谓、宾、表同汉语，定语有同也有异。状语位置更特殊，不能全和汉语比。
肯定句变一般疑问句口诀
have和be提句首，其它助词Do开头。时间、人称由do变，动词只把原形留。谓语助词有几个，第一助词提句首。
肯定句变否定句口诀
否定词语加not，放在be和have后；其它要加动词do，do的后面加not；
时间、人称由do变，动词原形总保留；谓语若是助词多，not紧跟第一个。
名词所有格变化口诀
名词只变数，不分主宾格。人和动物类，可变所有格。
撇后加s，相当汉语“的”。时间、距离等，也变所有格。
名词变复数口诀
单数变为复数式，加上“s”统言之。
下列结尾名词后，要加“s”先加“e”：
发音[∫][t∫][s]和[z]，或是辅音加“o”时。
有些名词变复数，词尾变化要注意：
“y”前字母是辅音，一律变“y”为“ie”；
遇到“f/fe”，有时需要变“ve”；
少数名词不规则，特别情况靠硬记。
时间名词前所有介词的速记口诀
年月周前要用in，日子前面却不行。
遇到几号要用“on”，上午下午又是“in”。
要说某日上下午，用on换in才能行。
午夜黄昏用at，黎明用它也不错。
at也在时分前，说“差”用to，说“过”要用past。介词速记口诀
介词加宾语，才能有实意。表、定、状、宾、补，词组在句里。
in 在„„里，out在„„外，在旁边的是beside，靠近的为by。
on在„„上，under在„„下，above在上头，below在底下。
动词的时态变化口诀
四种时间各四式，联想对比便于记。
时间现在和过去，各自还有将来时。
一般、完成、进行式，完成进行是四式。
四四共有十六种，看来复杂掌握易；
除去have/be以外，动词变化有规律。
动词形式变化口诀
动词根本是原形，变化形式有四种：原形词尾加“s”，现在第三单人称；
过去原形加“ed”，过去分词也相同；原形加上“ing”，现在分词或动名。
原形词尾加“s”，如同名词复数式。若加“ed/ing”，以下情况要注意：
词尾有ie只加d，Ing去掉无声e；词尾ie变成y，然后再加ing；
辅音之后y结尾，y要变i加ed；现在分词不变y，直接加上ing；
词尾重读闭音节，结尾辅音都双写，r做结尾也一样，重读音节r双写；
结尾字母若是“t”，不是重读也双写。过去分词过去式，不按规则也有些。
基数词变序数词
基变序，有规律，词尾字母tdd。八减t，九减e，f要把ve替。ty把y变成i，记住山前有个e。There be的位置和用法口诀
说明何时何地有，there be在主语前。随着主语第一个，be的形式做变换。
be going的用法口诀
be going是助动词，后跟加to不定式。说明“准备”或“就要”，时间人称只变be。
have+got用法口诀
have作为动词“有”，情态动词have；have got惯用语，got可有也可无。
若变否定疑问句，去掉got再加do；或把have提句首，not加在have后。
冠词基本用法口诀
名词是秃子，常要戴帽子，可数名词单，须用a或an，辅音前用a，an在元音前，若为特指时，则须用定冠the，复数不可数，泛指the不见，碰到代词时，冠词均不现。反意疑问句用法口诀
反意问句三要点，前后谓语正相反；短句not如出现，必须缩写是习惯；最后一点应注意，短句主语代词填。
感叹句用法口诀
感叹句，并不难，what、how放句前；强调名词用what，其余用how很简单。宾语从句用法口诀
宾语从句须注意，几点事项应牢记。一是关键引导词，不同句子词相异。
陈述句子用that；一般疑问是否（if，whether）替；特殊问句更好办，引导还用疑问词。
二是时态常变化，主句不同从句异。主句若为现在时，从句时态应看意；主句若为过去时，从句时态向前移。
三是语序要记清，从句永保陈述序。
感观使役动词记忆口诀
一感；feel；二听：hear,listen to；三使：make ,let ,have；四看：look at,see,watch,notice 感观使役动词使用口诀感使动词真奇怪，to在句中象妖怪；主动句里它走开，被动句里它回来；动词let要除外，to词可来可不来。
形容词和副词比较级和最高级构成口诀
结尾直加-er,-est属一般，详细构成方法逐一来侃谈。
一辅音结尾重读闭音节看，辅音双写-er,-est是习惯。
辅音加y(ly)除外有型感，按照去y,-er,-iest方法办。
上述皆属单音部分双音段，下面把多音节规律来看看。
词前加more,most此规律唤。规则变化到此已全都谈完。
有些不规则变化请你记全。“双好”better,best记的宽。
“坏病”worse,worst莫记乱。“双多” more,most不用管。
“老、远”两种形式别记篡，“有点”less,least记清盼。
形容词和副词比较级和最高级用法口诀
一者比较用原级。比较级限二者比。三者三者往上比，最高级的用法起。
若要比项掌握齐，比较范围要搞细。比较级二句型记，做出句子没问题。
若甲乙程度相同，as„as 结构体。甲某方面不及乙，用 not so/as„as来表示。
初中英语语法知识点众多，枯燥繁杂，对于广大初中生朋友来讲记忆起来往往比较困难，但如果把这些难记的知识编成口诀不仅读起来朗朗上口,而且也容易点燃学生的学习热情,增强其学习英语的兴趣,在培养学生自身总结、归纳能力的同时,也提高了其应用英语的能力。以上25条英语口诀仅是很少的一部分，希望对同学们有所启发，在平时的英语学习中注意知识的积累，培养自己的归纳总结能力，编出适合自己记忆的英语口诀。
第二篇：如何学习宾语从句
如何学习宾语从句 ──八年级上册总复习
杨俊强
历来在英语教学中，语法教学尤为艰难，复杂，学生们似乎望而生畏；作为一名英语工作者，我也深感困惑。在长期的探索中，我总结出了要想让学生能够有耐心，能够很好地掌握语言学习中的语法，总结出一些规律显得尤为重要。针对宾语从句的教学，我有以下构想和思考。
一、教学目标
1.理解什么是宾语从句及其在语言表达中的作用
2.掌握宾语从句的引导词
3.掌握宾语从句的时态
4.掌握宾语从句中的语序问题
5.掌握如何进行宾与从句的句型转换
二、教学设计
1.Presentation & Warming up
我们在一周的学习过后，同学们也见到了很多宾语从句，首先让大家把自己准备好的一段含有宾语从句的自我介绍展示给大家，让同学们认真听，认真想，找出其中的不足之处，并以此来检查大家的预习准备工作。老师让同学们把觉得有问题的宾语从句写在黑板的右侧，为下面的工作做准备。
2.Class work
学生认真听老师的总结，以及对上面presentation中例句的纠错，本节主要分为以下几大块：“三含，一代，一陈述，最后还有一保持。”
1）三含；（—引导词）
（1）含有一般疑问语气的从句通常用if 或whether引导。（由一般疑问句引导的句子含有一般疑问语气）
E.g.Li Ming asked me whether / if it would rain tomorrow.I wonder whether / if he would like to take part in the party.（当句末还有or not时只能选择whether）
（2）含有特殊疑问语气的从句通常用特殊疑问代词或疑问副词来引导。（常见的特殊疑问代词有who / what / which /...特殊疑问副词有where / when / how...）
E.g.Excuse me.Can you tell me how I can get to the train station? The boy is asking his father when they can go on a trip to Tibet.（3）含有陈述语气的通常用that引导，that通常可以省略。
E.g.One of my friends said that there would be a concert tomorrow.I still believe that nothing lies ahead of us but courage.2）一代（—句型转换）
特殊疑问代词或特殊疑问副词引导的宾语从句可以由特殊疑问代词或特殊疑问副词加动词不定式来代替。
E.g.Can you tell me how I can get to the nearest post office?
= Can you tell me how to get to the nearest post office?
3）一陈述（—语序）
宾语从句要用陈述句的语序。
E.g.The teacher said that he was an honest boy.I really don't know when he will be back.需要注意的特殊句子：
My mother asks me what is wrong with my head.Mr zhang wonders what is the matter with my deskmate.（以上的例句比较特殊，希望同学们背下来，其实他们也是陈述句语序）
4）一保持（—时态）
主从时态应当保持一致，但当宾语从句表示客观真理或公理时需要用一般现在时态。
E.g.He said that there were no classes yesterday.My father told me that the earth moves round the sun when I was three years old.3.Group work
两个人组成一个小组，试着根据“三含、一代、一陈述，最后还有一保持”这句话，把宾语从句中的几个大的要点重复一遍，讲给自己的搭档听，并且举例句，搭档可以提示汉语，让另一个人翻译。然后在互相转换角色。
4.Homework & Exercise
完成学案中的练习，然后自己归纳总结宾语从句中的要点，可以练习口语造句，尝试使用宾语从句。
三、教学反思
鉴于学生刚开始接触宾语从句这一语法项目，需要建立一个整体上的认识，并通过同学的参与，课堂讨论，练习，达到很好的效果。
第三篇：英语宾语从句练习题及答案
宾语从句测试题(含答案)宾语从句习题
1.Have you decided ________for Australia? A.when will you leave B.when do you leave C.you will leave when D.when you will leave 2.Can you tell me _________ ? A.where does Tom live
B.where Tom lived C.Tom lives where D.where Tom lives 3.The old man asked me ________.A.where was the cinema B.where is the cinema C.where the cinema was D.where was the way to the cinema 4.I think _______ you will like him.A.that
B.if C.why D.how 5.I didn‟t know _______ he will come or not.A.that B.whether C.weather D.how 6.I wonder _________.A.how much cost these shoes
B.how much do these shoes cost C.how much these shoes cost D.how much are these shoes cost 7.She asked me _________.A.who he was B.who was he C.who is he D.who he is 8.Ask him _________.A.whose cup this is B.whose cup is this C.this is whose cup D.whose is this cup 9.I don‟t know _________.A.what time the movie starts B.what time starts the movie C.the time to start the movie
D.the movie what time starts 10.The doctor asked me how long ________.A.was I ill B.have I been ill C.I have been ill D.I had been ill 11.The weather forecast doesn‟t say _________.A.if it rains tomorrow B.if does it rain tomorrow C.if it will rain tomorrow D.if will it rain tomorrow 12.Do you know _________? A.whose pen is this
B.whose pen this is C.whom does the pen belong to
D.whom the pen belong to 13.Could you tell me where _________? A.the tape was B.was the tape C.the tape is D.is the tape 14.They want to know _________? A.where is the hospital B.how old are you C.when the train will leave D.why is the boy crying 15.Tony wanted to know _________.A.what had Father Christmas put in his stocking B.when Father Christmas had put in his stocking C.what Father Christmas had put in his stocking D.where Father Christmas had put in his stocking 16.No one knows _______ the professor will come to our school tomorrow to give us a talk or not.A.when B.whether C.where D.if 17.July didn‟t know_________.A.where is Tim‟s father B.when was the first watch made C.who the old man is D.what was wrong with her watch 18.No one told us _________, so we need your help.A.how should we do B.what we should do C.what to do D.what should we do 19.We don‟t know _________ with the rubbish and it pollutes out land and sea.A.how do it B.how to do C.what do it D.what to do 20.He asked me _________.A.whether I find out the sender of the money B.whether did I find out the sender of the money C.whether the sender of the money found out D.whether I found out the sender of the money 21.Did you hear ______? A.what did I say B.what I said C.I said what D.what I say 22.Can you tell me ________? A.which class you are in B.which class are you in C.you are in which class D.are you in which class 23.---Excuse me.Could you tell me _______?---Certainly.A.when can I get to the station B.I can get to which station C.which station can I get to D.how I can get to the station 24.Could you tell me where _______ yesterday? A.did you go B.you go C.you have gone D.you went 25.Tom asked me ________.A.whose shirt was this B.whose shirt this was C.who shirt was this D.who shirt this was 26.Excuse me, could you tell me _______? A.where‟s the teachers‟ office B.where‟s the bus station C.what‟s she doing D.where the post office is 27.I want to see Mrs.Wang , but I don‟t know _______.A.she lives where B.she where lives C.where she lives D.where does she live 28.---Go and ask Mr.White for help.---But I don‟t know _______.A.where does he live B.where he lives C.where is he living D.he lives there 29.---Can you tell me ______?---Yes, he lives in a small town.A.where he lives B.who is singing C.when he will leave D.what he said 30.Have you decided ______ for London? A.when will you leave B.when you will leave C.when are you going D.when you are going 31.Excuse me.Could you tell me ______our tickets? A.where do we show B.where shall we show C.where did we show D.where we shall show 32.---What are you interested in about cooking food?---We are all interested in ______.A.how egg is fried B.how is egg fried C.how egg fries D.how does egg fry 33.Do you know _______? A.what it is B.what is it C.who is he D.whose name is it 34.Do you know _______? A.whose book is this B.whose book this is C.this book is whose D.who‟s book this is 35.I don‟t know ______ now.A.where is my cat B.my cat is where C.where my cat is D.where my cat 36.Does he know ______? A.what‟s your name B.what name is your C.what your is name D.what your name is 37.Do you know ______? A.which floor he lives B.which floor he lives on C.he lives on which floor D.which floor does he lives on 38.Can you tell me where _______? A.is the hospital B.the hospital is C.is hospital D.hospital is 39.He hasn‟t decided _______.A.if he‟ll go on a trip to Wuxi B.when will he go on a trip to Wuxi C.if he goes on a trip to Wuxi D.when does he go on a trip to Wuxi 40.Can you see ________? A.what he‟s reading B.what is he reading C.what does he read D.he reads what 能力提高练习
1.I don't know _________ he will come tomorrow._________ he comes, I'll tell you． A.if;Whether B.whether;Whether C.if;That D.if;If 2.I don't know _________ the day after tomorrow.A.when does he come B.how will he come C.if he comes
D.whether he'll come 3.Could you tell me _________ the nearest hospital is? A.what B.how C.whether D.where 4.Could you tell me _________ the radio without any help? A.how did he mend
B.what did he mend C.how he mended
D.what he mended 5.I want to know _________.A.whom is she looking after B.whom she is looking C.whom is she looking D.whom she is looking after 6.Do you know where _________ now? A.he lives B.does he live C.he lived D.did he live 7.Do you know what time _________? A.the train leave B.does the train leave C.will the train leave D.the train leaves 8.I don't know _________.Can you tell me, please? A.how the two players are old
B.how old are the two players C.the two players are how old
D.how old the two players are 9.The small children don't know _________.A.what is their stockings in B.what is in their stockings C.where is their stockings in D.what in their stockings 10.I can't understand _________.A.what does Christmas mean B.what Christmas does mean C.what mean Christmas does D.what Christmas means 11.I don‟t know _____ he will be back home.A.who B.what C.when D.where 12.Could you tell me ___________? A.where do you live
B.who you are waiting for C.who were you waiting for
D.where you live in 13.Do you still remember _______? A.that he said B.what he said C.did he say that D.what did he say 14.I can‟t understand ______the boy alone.A.why she left B.why did she leave C.why she had left
D.why had she left 15.She told me the sun ______ in the east.A.rise B.rose C.rises D.had risen 16.They tried to find out ______ the new train ________.A.how far/ had gone B.how long/ has gone
C.how far/ went D.how far / had run 17.The manager came up to see __________.A.what was the matter B.what the matter was C.what the matter is D.what‟s the matter 18.Can you tell me ___________? A.what are you doing
B.where do you study C.what you were doing
D.what to do it 19.He asked his father _______.A.where it happens B.where did it happen C.how it happened D.how did it happen 20.No one tells us______，so we need your help.A.how we should do B.what should we do C.how to do it D.what to do it 21.Could you please teach me _______ the computer.A.how check B.to check C.how to check D.to how checking 22._______ he„ll come or not isn„t important.A.Why B.If C.Whether D.What 23.Would you like to know _______they will do it or not.A.if B.that C.whether D.why 24.─Where do you think _____ he ____ the TV set? ─ Sorry，I‟ve no idea.A./;bought B.has;bought C.did;buy D.did bought 25.Our homework has changed a lot.Who can tell _____ it would be like in _____ five years.A.how;another B.what;more C.how;other D.what;another 26.─ Could you tell me ______? ─ Yes.He ____ to the USA.A.where is he/ has been
B.where he is/ has gone C.where was he/ has been
D.where he was/ has gone 27.─Mike wants to know if ____ a picnic tomorrow.─Yes.But if it _______，we‟ll visit the museum instead.A.you have;will rain
B.you will have;will rain C.you will have;rains
D.will you have;rains 28.I don‟t know if he ______tomorrow.If he ________，I‟ll meet him.A.will come;comes B.comes;comes C.will come;will come D.comes;will come 29.I really don‟t know if she _______ it when she ________.A.finds;arrives B.finds;will arrive C.will find;will arrive D.will find;arrives 30.Can you make sure the gold ring? A.where Alice has put B.where had Alice put C.where Alice had put D.where has Alice put 31.---When are the Shutes leaving for New York?--Pardon?---I asked _______.A.when are the Shutes leaving for New York B.when the Shutes are leaving for New York C.when were the Shutes leaving for New York D.when the Shutes were leaving for New York 32.Could you tell me ______? I have something interesting to tell him.A.where is Li Hong B.where Li Hong is C.where was Li Hong D.where Li Hong has been to 33.---Could you tell me _______? A.how many people have been out of hospital B.when is Thanksgiving C.which animal does he like best D.what time will the dolphin show start 34.I want to know _______.A.what is his name B.what‟s his name C.that his name is D.what his name is 35.He asked me ________.A.if she will come B.how many books I want to have C.they would help us do it D.what was wrong with me 36.Do you still remember ______ at the meeting? A.that Jim said B.what Jim said
C.did Jim said that
D.what did Jim said 37.---Excuse me, ______ to the nearest bookshop, please?---Go straight and take the second turning on the left.A.where the way is B.which the way is C.where is the way D.which is the way 38.---Can I help you?---Yes.I‟d like a ticket to Mount Emei.Can you tell me ______take to get there? A.how soon will it
B.how soon it will
C.how long it will
D.how long will it 39.---I hear we‟ll have a new teacher this term.---Really? Do you know ______? A.what subject does he teach B.what subject will he teach C.what subject he teaches D.what subject is he going to teach 40.He asked his teacher _______.A.if there was a monster in Loch Ness
B.when was Albert Einstein born C.how would the scientists find out the result
D.where could he find the library 41.Do you know ______ over there? A.what happens B.what was happened C.what is happening D.what did happen 42.---Do you know ______ we will arrive at your hometown?---This afternoon.A.when
B.why C.if
D.where 43.Could you tell me ______ to Mount Putuo tomorrow? A.how you will go B.how will you go C.how you have gone D.how have you gone 44.Could you tell me ______? A.which room he lives
B.which room he lived C.which room did he live in D.which room he lives in 45.---Do you know ______ he is?---He says “1.75 meters”, but I‟m not sure.A.how many B.how old C.how far D.how tall 46.She said she _______ me five letters in one month.A.has written
B.will write
C.had written
D.wrote 47.Can you tell me ______ she is waiting for? A.why B.whose C.whom D.which 48.I don‟t know ______ he still lives here.A.where B.what C.when D.whether 49.---Be careful!Don‟t break the bottles.Do you hear ______ I said, David?---Yes, mum.A.what B.that C.why D.if 50.I‟d like to know ______.A.when will he give back the tape B.whether has he received higher education C.that he has been busy
D.whether she will join in our English evening 51.Could you tell me _______? A.when shall we start B.who are you waiting for C.where the bus station is D.why were you late 52.---Do you know _______? I‟m going to see him.---Sorry, I don‟t know.A.where does Mr.Li live B.where did Mr.Li live C.where Mr.Li lives D.where Mr.Li lived 53.He asked me ______.A.who did kick the first goal in the World Cup B.when was the APEC meeting held C.when China became a member of the WTO D.where will the 2008 Olympics be held 54.She wanted to know _____ her mother liked the present.A.which B.that C.if D.what 55.Could you tell me _______? A.who is she
B.where‟s the nearest fast restaurant
C.if he will come tomorrow D.which way is to the underground station 56.Do you know if ______ back next week? If he ______ back, please let me know.A.he comes, will come B.will he come, comes C.he will come, comes D.will he come, will come 57.---Can you tell me why ______?---Because I want to help the people there.A.do you go to Tibet B.did you go to Tibet C.are you going to Tibet D.you are going to Tibet 58.---Where does he come from?---Pardon?---I asked where ______.A.did he come from B.he came from C.he comes from D.does he come from 59.You must remember _______.A.what your teacher said B.what did your teacher say C.your teacher said what D.what has your teacher said 60.Lily likes _____.A.what her twin sister like B.what her twin sister does C.what is her twin sister like D.what does her twin sister do 61.---Excuse me.Could you tell me ______ get to the plane?---Certainly.Go straight along here.A.how can we
B.how we can
C.when can we
D.when we can 62.Do you know what time _______? A.does the train leave B.leaves the train C.the train leave D.the train leaves 63.---I don‟t know _____ Mr.Green will come to see us?---He will help us with our English.A.why B.when C.how D.where 历年中考真题
1.Some of my friends are interesting in science, but none of them can tell.A.when UFOs will appear next time
B.why do horses know the way C.where was this kind of plant found
D.how do elephants communicate 2.---What time will Mr.Brown be back to China?----Sorry.I don‟t know.A.when did he go abroad
B.why he is going abroad C.how soon will he be back
D.how long he will stay abroad 3.---May I come in ? I‟m sorry I am late.----Come in, please.But could you please tell me ? A.why you are late again
B.what were you doing then
C.who you talked with
D.how do you come to school 4.---Could you please tell me ?----Bus No.32 will take you right there.A.where is Henan Museum
B.what Henan Museum is like
C.how can I get to Henan Museum D.which bus I shall take to Henan Museum 5.Peter says that the Whites are on holiday, but no one knows.A.where they have been B.where are they
C.where are they from D.where they have gone 6.---Do you know the Capital Museum?---Next Friday.A.when will they visit
B.when they will visit
C.when did they visit
D.when they visited 7.He wanted to know the English party.A.when will we have
B.when we will have
C.when would we have
D.when we would have 8.I want to know.A.when we should arrive at the airport B.when should we arrive at the airport C.when the airport we should arrive at D.when the airport should we arrive at 9.---David, look at the man in white over there.Can you tell me ?----He is a doctor.A.who is he
B.who he is
C.what is he
D.what he is 10.---Could you tell me ? He is wanted by the head teacher.---Sorry, I‟ve no idea.But he here just now.A.where Tim;was B.where is Tim;was C.where Tim is;was D.where Tim is;is 11.---Did Mrs.King leave a message?---Yes.She wanted to know this Sunday.A.who you would go shopping
B.if you would go shopping with her C.that you will go shopping
D.when will you go shopping with her 12.---I‟m a teenager‟s mother.Sometimes I don‟t know.----Love and understanding.A.what my son needs most
B.what does my son want to get C.why my son gets annoyed very often
D.why does my son get annoyed very often.13.---I wonder without water.----About a week.A.how long man can live
B.how long can man live
C.when man can live
D.when can man live 宾语从句基础练习参考答案
1.参考答案D 你决定什么时候去澳大利亚了吗？宾语从句用陈述语序。2.参考答案D宾语从句用陈述语序，where作从句的宾语。3.参考答案C宾语从句用陈述语序，where表示地点。4.参考答案A if表示选择，我想你是否将喜欢他。5.参考答案B 有or not，所以用whether.6.参考答案C 宾语从句用陈述语序.7.参考答案A宾语从句用陈述语序,who 作从句的宾语。
8.参考答案A whose是所有格，所以后面要有一个名词，整体做从句的宾语。
9.参考答案A 宾语从句用陈述语序。
10.参考答案D 主句是过去时，从句也要用过去相应的时态，医生问我之前我已经病了，所以用过去完成时态。
11.参考答案C if连接宾语从句，宾语从句用陈述语序。
12.参考答案B whose是所有格，所以后面要有一个名词，整体做从句的宾语。13.参考答案C 宾语从句用陈述语序。
14.参考答案C宾语从句用陈述语序，时态不受限制。
15.参考答案C 主句用一般过去时，从句要用过去相应的时态，因为圣诞老人是之前就把礼物放进袜子里了，所以用过去完成时态。16.参考答案B 有or not就用whether.17.参考答案D 宾语从句用陈述语序, 主句用一般过去时，从句要用过去相应的时态。
18.参考答案B 没有人告诉我们应该做什么，所以我们需要你的帮助。宾语从句用陈述语序，如果选B就是没有人做什么，us后面是宾语从句，而us是宾格不能作从句的主语，所以 C选项缺少宾语从句的主语，应选B.19.参考答案D 我们不知道用垃圾做什么，并且垃圾污染陆地和海洋。What做to do 的宾语。20.参考答案D 宾语从句用陈述语序，他问我是否我能找出寄钱的人，主句用过去时态，从句用过去相应的时态。
21.参考答案B 宾语从句用陈述语序，what作从句的宾语。
22.参考答案A宾语从句用陈述语序，哪一个班，所以用which class.23.参考答案D 你能告诉我怎样可以去车站，当然可以。宾语从句用陈述语序，怎样用how.24.参考答案D宾语从句用陈述语序。
25.参考答案B宾语从句用陈述语序，谁的衬衫用表示所有格的whose，后面需要跟名词。26.参考答案D宾语从句用陈述语序，邮局在哪儿，需用表示地点的where.27.参考答案C 我想去看王夫人，但是我不知道她住在哪里。宾语从句用陈述语序。28.参考答案B宾语从句用陈述语序
29.参考答案A宾语从句用陈述语序，主句用一般现在时，从句根据实际情况用相应的时态，他住在哪里应用一般现在时态，是现在的一种状态。
30.参考答案B 你还没有决定什么时候去伦敦吗？宾语从句用陈述语序，因为是你打算去伦敦，现在并没有在伦敦，或是已经去过了，所以从句用一般将来时。31.参考答案D 不好意思打扰了，你能告诉我，我们将在哪儿检票呢？宾语从句用陈述语序，主语是第一人称，所以可以用shall+动词原形。
32.参考答案A 鸡蛋是怎样被煎的，所以用被动语态，宾语从句用陈述语序。33.参考答案A宾语从句用陈述语序。
34.参考答案B 你知道这是谁的书吗？宾语从句用陈述语序，谁的书用所有格whose ,后加名词book..35.参考答案C 我现在不知道我的猫在哪里。宾语从句用陈述语序。36.参考答案D 他知道你的名字是什么吗？宾语从句用陈述语序。
37.参考答案B 你知道他住哪层楼吗？哪层楼用which floor, live是不及物动词，后面不能直接跟宾语，只能加一个介词之后，在跟宾语，在哪一层楼，on the floor, 所以介词用on.38.参考答案B 你能告诉我医院在哪儿吗？宾语从句用陈述语序。
39.参考答案A 他还没有决定他是否将去无锡旅行。因为有hasn’t decided得知，还没有决定，所以不可能是打算去，宾语从句用陈述语序。
40.参考答案A 你能看见他现在真正读什么吗？宾语从句用陈述语序，主句是现在时态，从句根据事实来决定用什么时态，你能看见是说现在，所以应该是问现在正在读什么。能力提高练习参考答案
1.参考答案D.前一个if引导宾语从句，表示选择“是否”，后一个if引导的是条件状语从句表示将来的动作，所以用主将从现。
2.参考答案D.我不知道后天他是否回来，宾语从句用陈述语序。3.参考答案D.where表示地点，最近的医院在哪里。
4.参考答案C 宾语从句用陈述语序，已经说了是修理录音机，所以不用what, 而用how.5.参考答案D宾语从句用陈述语序，whom作照顾的宾语。
6.参考答案A 主句用现在时态，从句不受限制，住在哪里用一般现在时，宾语从句用陈述语序。7.参考答案D宾语从句用陈述语序，从句是客观事实，用一般现在时。8.参考答案D宾语从句用陈述语序。
9.参考答案B宾语从句用陈述语序，what在从句中做主语。10.参考答案D 宾语从句用陈述语序，what在从句中做宾语。
11.参考答案C.因为后面的从句是说他将回家，所以前面应该是我不知道他什么时间回家。12.参考答案B.B是陈述语序，D可以用where you live或which you live in.13.参考答案B.宾语从句用陈述语序，what在宾语从句中做said的宾语。
14.参考答案A.宾语从句用陈述语序，主句用现在的时态，从句根据事实用相应的时态。15.参考答案C.客观真理用一般现在时态。
16.参考答案D.距离多远一般用how far，go是个瞬间动词，所以应该用可以表示持续动作的动词。
17.参考答案A.主句是过去时态，从句要用过去的相应时态，所以C、D排除。What作宾语从句的主语。
18.参考答案D.what作动词不定式的真正宾语。
19.参考答案C.宾语从句用陈述语序，主句是一般过去时态，从句也用过去时态。在哪里买的电 视，肯定是买回来了，所以应该用一般过去时，主句用现在时，从句可用任何时态。
25.参考答案D.又20.参考答案C.因为不知怎样做，所以需要你的帮助，如果是不知道做什么，会有人告诉你做什么的。如果对主语提问，则特殊疑问句的语序不变。21.参考答案C.如果对主语提问，则特殊疑问句的语序不变。22.参考答案C.后面有or not时，前面只能用whether.23.参考答案C.后面有or not时，前面只能用whether.24.参考答案C.一个五年之后，应用another.它将会变成什么样子，所以应用what.26.参考答案B.宾语从句用陈述语序，has gone to表示已经去了，现在还在那里，has been to表示曾经去过，现在句用陈述语序，主句用现在的时态，从句根据事实选择时态。
31.参考答案D 主句用一般过去时，所以从句的时态必须是过去的相应时态，宾语从句用陈述语序。
32.参考答案B 宾语从句用陈述语序，后面的时态是一般现在时，所以从句的时态也可以是一般现在时态。
33.参考答案A how many people在从句中作主语，宾语从句用陈述语序。
34.参考答案D 我想知道他的名字是什么。His name作主语，what在从句中作宾语。宾语从句用陈述语序。
35.参考答案D 他问我，我怎么了。What在从句中作主语，with me 作伴随状语，宾语从句用陈述语序。
36.参考答案B 你还记得在会上的时候，吉姆说什么了吗？what作从句的宾语。宾语从句用陈述语序。
37.参考答案D 用where就不用the way了，所以排除A、C。which作从句的主语，宾语从句用陈述语序。
38.参考答案C 用多久时间一般都用how long提问，it在从句中作形式主语，真正的主语是to get there.宾语从句用陈述语序.39.参考答案C 你知道他教什么科目吗？宾语从句用陈述语序。
40.参考答案A 主句是一般过去时，所以从句只能是过去的相应时态，宾语从句用陈述语序。
41.参考答案C 你知道那里发生什么了吗？不可能一只发生，也不可能是被发生，所以只能是正在发生，宾语从句用陈述语序。
42.参考答案A 由后面的答语可知，问的是时间，所以用when.43.参考答案A 宾语从句用陈述语序。后面有时间状语tomorrow，所以从句用一般将来时。
44.参考答案D宾语从句用陈述语序，不在那里。
27.参考答案C.宾语从句用陈述语序，后面if引导条件状语从句，用主将从现时态。28.参考答案A.tomorrow时间状语表明宾语从句用一般将来时，后一个句子是if引导的条件状语从句，所以用主将从现。
29.参考答案D.when引导时间状语从句，表示将来的动作，用主从现。
30.参考答案A.宾语从他住在哪里是表示状态的，所以用一般现在时态，又因live是不 及物动词，后面不能直接跟宾语，必须加个介词才可以，in the room, 所以后用介词in.45.参考答案D 由1.75 meters得知，是问他有多高，所以用how tall.46.参考答案C 主句用一般过去时态，从句要用过去相应的时态，因为在说话的时候，已经写了信，动作发生在过去的过去，所以应该用过去完成时态。
47.参考答案C 宾语从句中缺少waiting for 的宾语，所以应该用宾格whom..48.参考答案D 我不知道他是否还住这里。因为不确定，所以应该用whether.49.参考答案A what在宾语从句中做said的宾语。
50.参考答案D 宾语从句用陈述语序，如果选C的意思就是我非常想知道他一直被忙，不应用被动语态，D选项是合理的。
51.参考答案C 宾语从句用陈述语序。52.参考答案C 宾语从句用陈述语序。53.参考答案C 同上。
54.参考答案C 她想知道她妈妈是否喜欢这个礼物。Which表示哪个她妈妈，that只起连接作用，她想知道她妈妈喜欢这个礼物，想知道就应该是不确定，what已有the present，所以不对，if是否。
55.参考答案C 宾语从句用陈述语序，D选项太中式话了，可用where 或how 来提问。56.参考答案C 因为有next week, 所以应用一般将来时，宾语从句用陈述语序，后面有if条件状语从句表将来，所以用主将从现。57.参考答案D 宾语从句用陈述语序。
58.参考答案B 主句用一般过去时态，从句要用过去的相应时态，宾语从句中用陈述语序。59.参考答案A 宾语从句用陈述语序，主从句需要连接词连接两个句子，不能选C。
60.参考答案B 莉莉喜欢她的双胞胎姐姐喜欢的。因为主句中已有表示一般现在时态的likes, 后面就不能重复，并且她的双胞胎姐姐作主语也是第三人称单数，所以用does.宾语从句中用陈述语序。61.参考答案B 宾语从句用陈述语序。62.参考答案D 宾语从句用陈述语序。
63.参考答案A.后面的答语得知，他将帮助我们的英语，所以应该是问他为什么来，应用why.2006年----2010年中考真题参考答案
1.参考答案A.我的一些朋友对自然科学感兴趣，但他们谁也讲不出下次不明飞行物出现的时间。宾语从句应该用陈述语序。
2.参考答案 D.布朗先生什么时候回中国？抱歉。我不知道他会在国外待多久。宾语从句应该用陈述语序。
3.参考答案A.我可以进来吗？很抱歉我迟到了。请进，但请你告诉我为什么又迟到了吗？宾语从句应该用陈述语序。
4.参考答案 D.你能告诉我怎样到河南博物馆（我坐几路车能到河南博物馆）吗？宾语从句应该用陈述语序。
5.参考答案D.彼得说怀特一家正在度假，但没有人知道他们去了哪里。宾语从句应该用陈述语序。They have been to他们去过某个地方，现在已经回来了；they have gone to他们去了某个地方，现在还没有回来。6.参考答案B.你知道他们什么时候参观首都博物馆吗？下周五。宾语从句应该用陈述语序。7.参考答案D.你想知道我们什么时候举办英语联欢会。当主句是一般过去时态的时候，宾语从句用相应的过去时态，宾语从句应该用陈述语序。
8.参考答案A.我想知道我们应该什么时候到达机场。宾语从句应该用陈述语序。
9.参考答案D.David,看那边那个穿白衣服的人，你能告诉我他是干什么的吗？他是医生。询问职业用what；宾语从句应该用陈述语序。
10.参考答案C.你能告诉我蒂姆在哪里吗？班主任在找他。对不起，我不知道。但是他刚才在这里。动词tell后接的宾从应用陈述语序，just now提示应该用was.11.参考答案B.金太太留口信了吗？是的，她想知道这个周日你是否跟她一起去购物。12.参考答案A.我是一个青少年的妈妈。有时我不知道我的儿子最需要什么。爱和理解。宾语从句应该用陈述语序。Love and understanding.故用what.13.参考答案A.我想知道，没有水人能活多久。大约一周。About a week知询问应用how long，宾语从句应该用陈述语序。
第四篇：宾语从句学习指要
宾语从句学习指要
来源：普特英语
用来充作宾语的句子叫做宾语从句。如：
He asked what you were doing last night.他问你昨天夜晚在干什么。
I didn’t know that he was wounded in the accident.我原来不知道他在那事故中受了伤。
Can you explain why he didn’t come to the party last Sunday?你能解释上周星期日他为什么没有来参加聚会吗？
在宾语从句中须注意：
1.that 在口语中常被省略，但在正式的文体中，不能省；并且它一般不能引导介词的宾语从句，但可引导except, but, in 等少数介词的宾语从句。如：
I didn’t know(that)he was Li Lei.我不知道他就是李蕾。
I will do anything I can to help you except that I’m ill.只要我身体舒服，我愿做任何事情来帮助你。
2.宾语从句之后带有补足语成分时，一般须用it作形式宾语，把宾语从句放到句末，此时的that不能省。如：
The boy has made it clear that they can’t play with his toys.那个男孩已清楚的表明他们不能玩弄他的玩具。
3.动词advise, ask, demand, desire, insist(坚决主张), order, propose, request, suggest(建议)等代的宾语从句须用虚拟语气，即：(should)do的形式。
He asked that we(should)get there before nine o’clock.他要求我们在九点钟之前赶到那儿。The teacher advised us that we(should)not waste our time.老师劝告我们不要浪费时间了。
4.宾语从句的时态与主句的时态须呼应。即：
1)当主句谓语动词的时态是现在时或将来时，从句的谓语动词可用任何所需要的时态表示。如：
He always says that he is our good friend.他总是说他是我们的好朋友。
When the teacher knows what we have done, he will say that we have done a good deed.当老师知道我们所干的事情时，他会说我们做了一件好事。
2)当主句谓语动词的时态为过去时，从句的谓语动词须用响应的过去时。如：
He didn’t tell us he came from Shanghai.他没有告诉我们他来自上海。
He said he had read the book.他说他读过这本书。
3)但当从句的内容是客观真理或客观事实，而不受时间的限制时，即使主句谓语动词为过去时，从句仍用一般现在时。如：
Chairman Mao said that all the imperialists are paper tigers.毛主席说一切帝国主义者都是纸老虎。
When we were children, we were told that China is in the east of the world.我们还是小孩子的时候，人们就告诉我们说中国在世界的东方。
宾语从句用法详解
一、宾语从句的引导词
宾语从句通常由连词that和whether(if)、连接代词或连接副词以及关系代词型what引导：
1.that引导
We believe that he is honest.我们相信他是诚实的。
The doctor insists that I give up smoking医生坚持要我戒烟。
I suggest that we should go tomorrow.我建议我们明天走。
I suggested that we should go the next day.我建议我们第二天走。
We learnt from his letter that he was in Spain.从他的信里我们了解到他在西班牙。
The seller demanded that payment should be made within five days.卖方要求5日内付款。
2.whether / if 引导
I don’t know whether he’ll arrive in time.我不知道他是否能及时到。
I didn’t know whether they liked the place.我不知道他们是否喜欢这个地方。
I’ll see whether I can induce him to accept it.我要看看我是否能劝他接受。
I asked her whether she agreed.我问她是否同意。
He enquired if her parents spoke Spanish.他问她父母是否讲西班牙语。
I wonder if it’s large enough.我不知道它是否够大。
She didn’t say if he was still alive.她没说他是否还活着。
3.连接代词引导
I don’t know who [whom] you mean.我不知道你指谁。
Please tell me which you like.告诉我你喜欢哪一个。
I’Il do whatever I can do.我将做我所能做的事。
You can take whichever you like.你爱拿哪个就拿哪个吧。
We’ll do whatever we can to save him.我们将尽我们所能来挽救他。
Take whichever seat you like.你要坐哪个座就坐哪个座位。
Give it to whoever you like.你把它爱给谁就给谁。
You don’t know what you are talking about.你在说什么，你自己也不知道。
Tomorrow at this time we’ll know who is elected.明天这时候我们就会知道谁当选了。
4.连接副词引导
He asked why he had to go alone.他问他为什么必须一个人去。
You don’t know when you are lucky.你身在福中不知福。
I asked how he was getting on.我问他情况怎样。
He knows where they live.他知道他们住哪里。
Have you found out how wide the ditch Was? 你了解到那条沟有多宽吗?
I’d like to know when they will let him out.我很想知道他们什么时候会放他出来。
We didn’t know why he had answered in that fashion.我们不明白他为什么这样回答。
that与whether(if)引导名词性从句的区别
两者均可引导宾语从句，也可引导语从句和表语从句(if 通常不行)，但两者含义不同，whether(if)表示“是否”，that 却不表示任何含义。在它们所引出的从句中，that 表示一种肯定、明确的概念，而 whether(if)则表示一种不肯定、不明确的概念。比较：
Whether he’ll come is not known yet.他是否来还不清楚。
That he’ll come is known to us all.我们都知道他会来。
类似地，动词doubt(怀疑)后接宾语从句时，由于 doubt的含义不确定，故通常用 whether(if)来引导其宾语从句，但若 doubt为否定式，则其后的宾语从句用 that 来引导。如： I doubt if you are honest.我怀疑你是否诚实。
I don’t doubt that you are honest.我不怀疑你是诚实的。
that, why 与 because 引导表语从句时的区别
虽然三者均可引导表语从句，但 that 没有词义，而 why 和 because 有自己的意思；另外，虽然 why和 because 都可引导表语从句，但前者强调结果，后者强调原因。如： The reason was that you don’t trust her.原因是你不信任她。
The fact is that they are angry with each other.事实是他们生彼此的气。
He was ill.That’s why he was sent to the hospital.他病了，所以被送到医院来。
He was sent to the hospital.That’s because he was ill.他被送到医院，是因为他生病了。
第五篇：讲解宾语从句
讲解宾语从句，定语从句，表语从句，状语从句
浏览次数：1378次悬赏分：0 | 解决时间：2009-6-13 17:26 | 提问者：鱼台问问
详细讲解
最佳答案
一、状语从句分类及常用连词：
类别 连 词
时间状语从句 when, whenever, while, as, before, after, since, till, once, as soon as,etc.地点状语从句 where,wherever
原因状语从句 because, since, as, for, now that, etc.目的状语从句 in order that, so that, that, etc.结果状语从句 so…that, so that, such…that, that, etc.条件状语从句 if, unless, as(so)long as, etc.让步状语从句 though, although, even if, even though, however, whatever, as,etc.比较状语从句 as…as, so…as, than, etc.方式状语从句 as, as if, as though, etc.二、相似连词的用法区别
1.when, while, as，while表时间，从句需用延续性动词，切不可用瞬间动词。
when表时间，从句既可以用延续性动词，又可以用瞬间动词。
as表时间，与when相似，但侧重强调主从句动作同点或同段进行。
when, while后可以接分词短语。
2.because, as, since, for
语气 位置 意义
because 最强 前或后 “原因”；表客观因果关系；回答“” as 较强 前 “由于”；把众人所知的事实当作理由
since 较弱 前 “既然”；就对方陈述的事实作为理由
for 最弱 后 “理由”；对某一事实进行推断的理由
注：上面所说的“前”，指从句在主句之前；“后”，指从句在主句之后。
3.so that, so…that, such…that
so that “以便”、“结果”表目的和结果。注意：在从句中有情态动词表目的。无情态动词表结果。
so…that “如此的…以致于”表结果。该结构常见于： 1.so+形／副＋that 2.so+形＋a(an)＋单数名词＋that 3.so＋many/much＋复数名词（不可数名词）+that
such…that “如此的…以致于”表结果。该结构常见于：
1.such＋a(an)＋形＋名词＋that 2.such＋形＋复数名词／不可数名词＋that
4.though, although, as，though, although在句首表“尽管”两者都可以用。但句后不能再用but。
下列情况只能用though：
▲ as though(=as if);even if(=even though)▲ 在句末表示“然而”
as表示“尽管”，从句的表语、状语等成分要倒装。
5.whatever, however,wherever, whenever
它们是what, how, where, when的强势语气。分别等于：
no matter what, no matter how no matter where, no matter when
二宾语从句
1.肯定句
结构:主句+that（可有可无）+肯定句
2.一般疑问句
结构:主句+if+一般疑问句
3.特殊疑问句
结构:主句+疑问词+肯定句。
宾语从句的时态
1.主现从不限（主句是一般现在时，从句的时态不限）
2.主过从四过（主居是一般过去时，从句的时态应是一般过去时、过去完成时、过去将来时或者过去进行时）
在复合句中用作宾语的从句叫做宾语从句。宾语从句是初中英语中最重要的一种从句，它内容完整，句型结构较为复杂，主句和从句时态搭配要求严格，在中考试题中频频出现。而且学好宾语从句也可为到高中学习间接引语、主语从句、表语从句及同位语从句打下良好的基础。学习宾语从句并不难，只要你能过好下面的三道关：
第一关，选好连接词（也有人叫关联词）。
引导宾语从句的连接词，课本上写有三类，但从学习的角度看分为四类更为实用。
1．连词that：只起连接作用，在从句中不作句子成分，也无词汇意义，在口语中或非正式文体中常被省略。例如：
1）He knew（that）he should work hard．
2）I am glad（that）you've passed the exam． 2．连词whether或if：它们起连接作用，在从句中不作句子成分，作“是否”解，口语中多用if。例如：
3）Do you know whether he will ride here at 8 tomorrow morning？（注：2002上海市徐汇区中考试题填上答案后的句子。以下再有这种例句，都为2002年中考题，只写某地。）
4）Tom didn't know if／whether his grandpa liked the present．
作“是否”解的if和whether在具体用法上差别较大，同学们不易掌握。在宾语从句中用whether没有用if时受到那么多限制。例如：
5）He asked me whether or not I was coming．他问我是否要来。（该句中的whether不能换成if，因为if不能与or连用。）
3．连接代词who，whom，whose，what，which：它们起连接作用，作句子成分，各有其自己的意义。例如：
6）The teacher asked the new student which class he was in？（武汉市）（which引导宾语从句，在从句中作定语，修饰class，意为“哪个”。）
7）Can you tell me whom he is waiting for？（天津市）
4．连接副词when，where，why，how：起连接作用，分别作时间、地点、原因、方式状语，各有其自己的意义。例如：
8）I wonder where he got so much money．对他从哪里弄到那么多钱我感到疑惑。（where在从句中作地点状语，修饰got，意为“哪里；什么地方”。）
9）He didn't tell me how old his friend was．（四川省）（how引导宾语从句，作程度状语，修饰old，意为“怎样；如何”等意。）
第二关，牢记宾语从句的语序是陈述句语序，即“连接词＋主语＋谓语＋其他”。这里特别强调的是，它的主语和谓语的语序是陈述句的语序，不是疑问句的倒装语序。例如：
10）You must remember what your teacher said．（河南省）
11）—Dad，do you know when the football game will start？
—In half an hour．（宁波市）
12）汉译英：你能不能告诉我，我们去看望谁？
误：Can you tell me who（m）do we have to see？
正：Can you tell me who（m）we have to see？
错句的错误出在宾语从句中误用了疑问句的结构——主语前加了个助动词do。因为我们已经习惯了特殊疑问句，如W hat time does the plane arrive in Paris？就顺口说出“Do you know what time does the plane arrive in Paris？”这种错误句子来。但是一旦我们注意了，我们不久就习惯于说“Do you know what time the plane arrives in Paris？”了。
第三关，注意时态的呼应。
宾语从句中谓语动词的时态，常常受主句谓语时态的制约，这种现象称为“时态的呼应”。例如：
13）汉译英：我原以为你今天有空的。
误：I thought（that）you are free today．
正：I thought（that）you would be free today． 错句中宾语从句用are很可能是因为有 today，但因为主句谓语是thought，所以从句谓语就该用过去将来时would be了。
这种时态的呼应，如果主句谓语是现在时或将来时，宾语从句的谓语时态不受限制，如上述例句2），3），7），8），10），11），12）。如果主句时态是过去时，宾语从句一般要随着改为相应的过去时（即一般过去时、过去进行时、过去完成时、过去将来时等）。例如：
14）He thought he was working for the people．
15）I heard she had been to the Great W all．
16）John hoped that he would find a job soon．
但宾语从句如果表示定理法则、永恒真理等，则不变化：
17）The teacher told us that the earth moves around the sun
定语从句
定语从句
内容提要
定语从句是由关系代词和关系副词引导的从句，其作用是作定语修饰主句的某个成分，定语从句分为限定性和非限定性从句两种。状语从句分为时间状语从句，结果状语从句，让步状语从句，原因状语从句，条件状语从句以及行为方式状语从句。名词从句包括主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句和同位语从句及there be句型。
一、限定性定语从句
1.that即可代表事物也可代表人，which代表事物；它们在从句中作主语或宾语，that在从句中作宾语时常可省略关系词，which在从句中作宾语则不能省略。而且，如果which在从句中作“不及物动词＋介词”的介词的宾语，注意介词不要丢掉，而且介词总是放在关系代词which的前边，但有的则放在它原来的位置
2.which作宾语时，根据先行词与定语从句之间的语义关系，先行词与which之间的介词不能丢
3.代表物时多用which，但在带有下列词的句子中用that而不用which，这些词包括all, anything, much等，这时的that常被省略
4.who和whom引导的从句用来修饰人，分别作从句中的主语和宾语，whom作宾语时，要注意它可以作动词的宾语也可以作介词的宾语
5.where是关系副词，用来表示地点的定语从句
6.when引导定语从句表示时间
〔注〕值得一提的是，表示时间“time“一词的定语从句只用when引导，有时不用任何关系代词，当然也不用that引导
By the time you arrive in London, we will have stayed there for two weeks.I still remember the first time I met her.Each time he goes to besiness trip, he brings a lot of living necessities, such as towers, soap, toothbrush etc.7.whose是关系代词，修饰名词作定语，相当于所修饰成分的前置所有格
8.当从句的逻辑主语是some, any, no, somebody, anybody, nobody, something, anything, everything或nothing时，常用there is来引导
二、非限定性定语从句：非限定性定语从句的作用是对所修饰的成分作进一步说明，通常和主句间用逗号隔开，将从句拿掉后其他部分仍可成立
1.which引导的非限定性定语从句来说明前面整个句子的情况或主句的某一部分
2.在引导限定性定语从句时，that有时相当于in which, at which, for which或at which
Attitudes towards daydreaming are changing in much the same way that(in which)attitudes towards night dreaming have changed.人们对白日做梦的态度正在改变，这与人们对夜间做梦的看法的变化有非常相似之处。
I like the music for the very reason that(for which)he dislike it.我出于某种原因喜欢这种音乐，而他恰恰与我相反。
We arrived the day that(on which)they left.刚好我们到的那天他们走了。
3.有时as也可用作关系代词
4.在非限定性定语从句中，不能用that，而用who, whom代表人，用which代表事物
三、定语从句结构错误
1.缺关系词
2.从句中缺成分
最佳答案
定语从句是由关系代词和关系副词引导的从句，其作用是作定语修饰主句的某个成分，定语从句分为限定性和非限定性从句两种。状语从句分为时间状语从句，结果状语从句，让步状语从句，原因状语从句，条件状语从句以及行为方式状语从句。名词从句包括主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句和同位语从句及there be句型。
一、限定性定语从句
1.that即可代表事物也可代表人，which代表事物；它们在从句中作主语或宾语，that在从句中作宾语时常可省略关系词，which在从句中作宾语则不能省略。而且，如果which在从句中作“不及物动词＋介词”的介词的宾语，注意介词不要丢 掉，而且介词总是放在关系代词which的前边，但有的则放在它原来的位置
2.which作宾语时，根据先行词与定语从句之间的语义关系，先行词与which之间的介词不能丢
3.代表物时多用which，但在带有下列词的句子中用that而不用which，这些词包括all, anything, much等，这时的that常被省略
4.who和whom引导的从句用来修饰人，分别作从句中的主语和宾语，whom作宾语时，要注意它可以作动词的宾语也可以作介词的宾语
5.where是关系副词，用来表示地点的定语从句
6.when引导定语从句表示时间
〔注〕值得一提的是，表示时间“time”一词的定语从句只用when引导，有时不用任何关系代词，当然也不用that引导
By the time you arrive in London, we will have stayed there for two weeks.I still remember the first time I met her.Each time he goes to besiness trip, he brings a lot of living necessities, such as towers, soap, toothbrush etc.7.whose是关系代词，修饰名词作定语，相当于所修饰成分的前置所有格
8.当从句的逻辑主语是some, any, no, somebody, anybody, nobody, something, anything, everything或nothing时，常用there is来引导
二、非限定性定语从句：非限定性定语从句的作用是对所修饰的成分作进一步说明，通常和主句间用逗号隔开，将从句拿掉后其他部分仍可成立
1.which引导的非限定性定语从句来说明前面整个句子的情况或主句的某一部分
2.在引导限定性定语从句时，that有时相当于in which, at which, for which或at which
Attitudes towards daydreaming are changing in much the same way that(in which)attitudes towards night dreaming have changed.人们对白日做梦的态度正在改变，这与人们对夜间做梦的看法的变化有非常相似之处。
I like the music for the very reason that(for which)he dislike it.我出于某种原因喜欢这种音乐，而他恰恰与我相反。
We arrived the day that(on which)they left.刚好我们到的那天他们走了。
3.有时as也可用作关系代词
4.在非限定性定语从句中，不能用that，而用who, whom代表人，用which代表事物
状语从句
§ 1状语从句的种类
用来修饰谓语动词、其它动词、定语、状语或整个句子的从句叫做状语从句。状语从句可分为：
1.时间状语从句；(adverbial clause of time)
2.地点状语从句；(adverbial clause of place)
3.原因状语从句；(adverbial clause of cause)
4.条件状语从句；(adverbial clause of condition)
5.目的状语从句；(adverbial clause of purpose)
6.让步状语从句；(adverbial clause of concession)7.比较状语从句；(adverbial clause of comparison)
8.程度状语从句；(adverbial clause of degree)
9.方式状语从句；(adverbial clause of manner)
10.结果状语从句。(adverbial clause of result)
§2状语从句的时态特点
一般情况下，时间和条件状语从句的谓语动词一般用“一般现在时”表示“一般将来时”，用“现在完成时”表示“将来完成时”。例如：
I will call you as soon as I arrive in Beijing.我一到北京就给你打电话。（这是由as soon as引导的时间状语从句，从句中的谓语动词arrive是一般现在时，表示一般将来时，决不可用will arrive）
As soon as I have finished this work, I will go home.我一完成此工作，就回家。（从句中的谓语动词用现在完成时have finished，表示将来完成时,决不可用will have finished）
If he comes back, please let me know.如果他回来了，请通知我。（从句中的谓语动词用comes back,表示一般将来时，决不可用will come back）
二 时间状语从句
§3时间状语从句（adverbial clause of time）
1.由when, while, as引导的时间状语从句。例如：
When you think you know nothing, then you begin to know something.当你以为自己一无所知的时候，你就是在开始知道一些事物了。
When truth is buried under the ground it grows, it chokes, it gathers such an explosive force that on the day it bursts out , it blows up everything with it.当真理被埋在地下的时候，它在生长，它感到压抑，它蓄存着这么一种爆炸性力量，一旦冒出，它就会炸破一切！
Strike while the iron is hot.趁热打铁。
Will you watch my clothes while I have a swim.我游泳的时候，请你照看一下我的衣服。
You can feel the air moving as your hand pushes through it.当你的手在空气中挥动的时候，你就能感觉到空气在流动。
Our headmaster laughed as she spoke.我们的校长边谈边笑。
【区别】when, while和as的区别：when引导的从句的谓语动词可以是延续性的动词，又可以是瞬时动词。并且when有时表示“就在那时”。例如：
When she came in, I stopped eating.她进来时，我在吃饭。(瞬时动词)
When I lived in the countryside, I used to carry some water for him.当的住在农村时，我常常为他担水。（延续性的动词）
We were about to leave when he came in.我们就要离开，就在那时他进来了。
While引导的从句的谓语动作必须是延续性的，并强调主句和从句的动作同时发生（或者相对应）。并且while有时还可以表示对比。例如：
While my wife was reading the newspaper, I was watching TV.(was reading是延续性的动词，was reading和was watching同时发生)
I like playing football while you like playing basketball.我喜欢踢足球，而你喜欢打篮球。（对比）
As表示“一边……一边”，as引导的动作是延续性的动作，一般用于主句和从句动作同时发生；as也可以强调“一先一后。例如：
We always sing as we walk.我们总是边走边唱。（as表示“一边……一边”）
As we was going out, it began to snow.当我们出门时，开始下雪了。（as强调句中两个动作紧接着先后发生，而不强调开始下雪的特定时间）
2.由before和after引导的时间状语从句。注意before引导的从句不再用否定式的谓语，并且当before引导的从句位于主句之后，有时译成“就，才”。还要注意主句和从句之间的时间关系。当主句用将来时，从句总是用现在时；如果before引导的从句谓语用的是过去时，则主句动词多用过去完成时，这样以便体现动作发生的先后。After表示主句动作发生在从句动作之后。主句和从句的动作的时间关系正好与before引导的从句相反。例如：
It will be four days before they come back.他们要过四天才能回来。
Einstein almost knocked me down before he saw me.爱因斯坦几乎把我撞倒才看到我。
My father had left for Canada just before the letter arrived.我父亲恰好在信到之前去加拿大了。
They had not been married four months before they were divorced.他们结婚还不到四个月就离婚了。
After you think it over, please let me know what you decide.你仔细考虑过以后，告诉我你是怎样决定的。
After we had finished the work, we went home.完成工作之后，我们回家了。（从句用过去完成时，主句用一般过去时）
3.由till或until引导的时间状语从句。till和until一般情况下两者可以互换，但是在强调句型中多用until。并且要注意的是：如果主句中的谓语动词是瞬时动词时，必须用否定形式；如果主句中的谓语动词是延续性动词时，用肯定或否定形式都可以，但表达的意思不同。例如：
I didn't go to bed until（till）my father came back.直到我父亲回来我才上床睡觉。
It was not until the meeting was over that he began to teach me English.直到散会之后他才开始教我英语。
I worked until he came back.我工作到他回来为止。
I didn't work until he came back.他回来我这才开始工作。
Please wait until I arrived.在我到达之前请等我。
4.由since引导的时间状语从句。since引导的从句的谓语动词可以是延续性的动词，又可以是瞬时动词。一般情况下，从句谓语动词用一般过去时，而主句的谓语动词用现在完成时。但在It is ＋时间＋since从句的句型中，主句多用一般现在时。例如：
I have been in Beijing since you left.自从你离开以来，我一直在北京了。
Where have you been since I last saw you? 自上次我和你见面以后，你到哪里去了？
It is four years since my sister lived in Beijing.我妹妹不在北京住有四年了。
It is five months since our boss was in Beijing.我们老板离开北京有五个月了。
5.由as soon as, immediately, directly, instantly, the moment, the instant, the minute, 等引导的时间状语从句。这些连词都表示“一……就”。例如：
I will go there directly I have finished my breakfast.吃完早饭，我立即到那里去。
The moment I heard the news, I hastened to the spot.我一听到消息，马上赶到了出事地点。
As soon as I reach Canada, I will ring you up.我一到加拿大，就给你来电话。
【注意】hardly(scarcely, rarely)…when / before, no sooner…than相当于as soon as之意。主句用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时。当hardly, scarcely, rarely和no sooner位于句首时，主句应用倒装语序。例如：
He had no sooner arrived home than he was asked to start on another journey.他刚到家，就被邀请开始另一旅程。
No sooner had the sun shown itself above the horizon than he got out of bed to commence work.太阳刚从地平线上升起，他就起床劳动去了。
Hardly had I sat down when he stepped in.我刚坐下，他就进来了。
He had hardly fallen asleep when he felt a soft touch on his shoulder.这个阿拉伯人刚要入睡就感到肩膀上被轻轻一触。
6.由by the time引导的时间状语从句。注意时态的变化：在一般情况下，如果从句的谓语动词用一般过去时，主句的谓语动词用过去完成时；如果主句的谓语动词用一般现在时，主句的谓语动词用将来完成时。例如：
By the time you came back, I had finished this book.到你回来时，我已经写完这本书了。
By the time you come here tomorrow, I will have finished this work.你明天来这儿的时候，我将已经完成此工作了。
7.由each time, every time和whenever引导的时间状语从句。例如：
Each time he came to Harbin, he would call on me.他每次来哈尔滨，总是来看我。
Whenever that man says“To tell the truth”, I suspect that he's about to tell a lie.每当那个人说“说实在话”的时候，我猜想他就要说谎了。
You grow younger every time I see you.每次遇到你，见你更年轻了。
8.由as long as和so long as引导的时间状语从句。这两个连词表示“有多久……就多久”。例如：
You can go where you like as long as you get back before dark.你可以随意到哪里去，只要在天黑以前回来就行。
I will fight against these conditions as long as there is a breath in my body!只要我一息尚存，我就要反对这种境况。
三 地点状语从句
§4地点状语从句(adverbial clause of place)
地点状语从句一般由连接副词where, wherever等引导，已经形成了固定的句型，例如：
句型1：Where＋地点从句，（there）＋主句。
【注意】此句型通常译成“哪里……哪里就……”；主句在从句后面时，there可用可不用；如果主句在从句的前面时，一般都不用there。例如：
Where there is no rain, farming is difficult or impossible.在没有雨水的地方，耕作是困难的，或根本不可能的。
They were good persons.Where they went, there they were warmly welcomed.他们都是好人。因此他们走到哪里都受到热烈欢迎。
You should have put the book where you found it.你本来应该把书放回原来的地方。
Where the Communist Party of China goes, there the people are liberated.哪里有了中国共产党，哪里人民得解放。
句型2：Anywhere/ wherever＋地点从句，＋主句。
【注意】anywhere本身是个副词，但是，常可以引导从句，相当于连词，意思相似于wherever, anywhere引导的从句可位于主句之前，也可以位于主句之后。而wherever本身就是个连词，表示“在何处，无论何处”。例如：
Wherever the sea is , you will find seamen.有海就有海员
同位语
一个名词(或其它形式)对另一个名词或代词进行修饰，限定或说明，这个名词(或其它形式)就是同位语。同位语与被它限定的词的格要一致，并常常紧挨在一起。
1.由两个或两个以上同一层次的语言单位组成的结构,其中前项与后项所指相同,句法功能也相同,后项是前项的同位语。
Mr.Smith, our new teacher, is very kind to us.我们的新老师史密斯先生对我们很好。
Mr.Smith是主词our new teacher的同位语,指同一人。
Yesterday I met Tom, a friend of my brother's.昨天我遇到了我弟弟的朋友汤姆。
a friend of my brother's是受词Tom的同位语,指同一人。
2.如同位语与其同位成分关系紧密时不用逗点隔开;如同位语对其同位成分只作补充解释时可用逗点隔开。
He himself told me that his brother John is a world-famous doctor.他本人对我讲,他的兄长约翰是一位世界闻名的医生。
himself和John都是单一的字作同位语,与其同位成分之间不用逗点隔开。
Yesterday I talked to my English teacher, Mr.James.昨天我与我的英语老师詹姆斯先生谈过了。
同位语Mr.James补充解释my English teacher,同位语与其同位成分之间可用逗点隔开。
3.同位语除表示其同位成分的全部意义外,还可以表示部分意义。
We Chinese people are brave and hardworking.我们中国人民是勤劳勇敢的。
He is interested in sports, especially ball games.他喜欢运动,特别是球类运动。
同位从句一般跟在某些名词如answer(答案)，hope(希望)，fact(事实)，belief(信仰)，news(消息)，idea(主意；观念)，promise(承诺)，information(信息)，conclusion(结论)，order(命令)，suggestion(建议)，problem(问题)，thought(想法)等后面。例如： He always works hard even if he knows the fact that he is not in good health.His failure was due to the fact that he had not practised for a long time.I had no idea that you were here.She told us her hope that she would become a pianist.He made a promise that he would never come late.注意： that 既可引导同位语从句又可引导定语从句，其区别在于：同位语从句由连接词that引导，连接词that本身无意义，在同位语从句中不充当任何成分，不可省略，不可以用其他词替代；定语从句由关系代词that引导，关系代词that在从句中充当一定的成分，作宾语时可省略，由when, why, where引导的 同位语从句和定语从句的区别在于： 同位语从句由连接副词只起连接作用，没有指代作用； 定语从句由关系副词引导，关系副词具有指代先行词的作用，常用一个介词加关系代词替换。例如:I will never forget the day when we first met.（同位语从句, when为连接词）That is the special day(which/that)I will never forget.（定语从句，which/that为关系副词）This is the house where we lived fifteen years ago.（同位语从句, where为连接词）This is the house which we sold fifteen years ago.（定语从句，where为关系副词）
区分表语从句和同位语从句
从句是相对于主句而言的，即它是从属于某一个主句，而不能单独作一个句子。在英语中，主要有三大从句，即名词性从句（包括主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句，同位语从句）、形容词性从句（即定语从句）、副词性从句（即状语从句,包括时间、条件、结果、目的、原因、让步、地点、方式等）。
主语从句用作主语，如：：
That the earth is round is true.地球为圆的是真实的。
宾语从句用作宾语。如：
Do you know where he lives?
表语从句用作表语，如：
My opinion is that you should not go alone.我的意见是你不应单独前往。
同位语从句用于解释说明前面的名词。如：
The fact that the earth is round is true.地球是圆的的事实是真实的。（that从句用于解释说明the fact）
定语从句相当于一个形容词，用于修饰前面的名词。如：
The student who answered the question was John.回答问题的学生是John.状语从句相当于一个副词，如：
When it rains, I usually go to school by bus.天下雨时，我通常坐公共汽车上学。（时间状语）
If he comes tomorrow, you will see him.如果他明天来，你就可以看见他。（if 引导的条件状语从句，其结构为：if +状语从句，＋主句）。要注意在状语从句中有一个规则是“主将从现”，即主句是将来时，则从句要用一般现在时表示将来。
主句和从句的划分方法是相同的。句子的成分从谓语动词处来划分比较容易。谓语动词前面的部分是主语，后面常接宾语，修饰谓语动词的是状语，修饰主语、宾语的是定语，若谓语是系动词，则系动词后的部分是表语。如：
I am a teacher.其中，I 是主语，am是谓语，a teacher 是表语。
He likes playing football very mucy.其中，he是主语，likes是谓语，playing football是宾语，very much是状语。
参考资料：http://zhidao.baidu.com/question/45927224.html?fr=qrl
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