第一篇:美国文化之节日介绍演讲稿(英文版)
The American Heritage Festival
1.United States is a cultural powers.Short but rich history and unique it makes for an ethnic melting pot, and bring together the
world's culture.If the thought of this huge social and human treasures of get in, we may wish to take a short cut, that is, on his holiday to be a general understanding of the culture, because it is a microcosm of the Festival.2.Day(情人节 情人节)(February Valentine's Day(情人节)(February 14)
St.Valentine's Day is an informal observance(非正式的庆祝)of a lover's holiday.Today, the observance has no connection with the many legendary(传说的)St.Valentines, and holds no religious significance.The day is observed with exchanges of love notes and cards, and other tokens(标志)of affection(感情), called valentines.The symbols of the heart and Cupid(丘比特)are common in cards, decorations of store windows,candies and other paraphernalia(随身物品).Easter(复活节)Easter(复活节)
(The first Sunday after the first full moon following
the vernal equinox(春分))Easter is important for several reasons.Primarily(主要)it is a time for families to get together much like Christmas or Thanksgiving.They usually have a large meal and serve traditional(传统的)dishes such as baked ham(火腿).In addition, there is a commercial aspect(商业特征)of Easter.It is a time when manufacturers(制造商)of candy and chocolate can sell their products.They make chocolates in the shape of eggs and rabbits since those things are associated with(与……联系)spring and Easter.Finally, Easter is a religious holiday.Many Americans go to church on that day if they are Christians to celebrate the resurrection(耶 酥复活)of Christ.Symbols(象征)which we see at Easter are chicks, flowers, eggs, baskets for children to dye Easter eggs and then to hide them.Other children look for the eggs and collect them in baskets.People often get new clothes for spring for around Easter
3.November 1, Halloween is the traditional festival of the West.Halloween, namely 31 October night, children enjoy a good time to play.As night fell, the children put on colorfulcostume, and wore a mask of all sorts, put on a pumpkin lamp
ran out to play.Packed with parity, the demons were dressed up as children of mobile pumpkin lamp, ran to a neighbor's door, intimidation, like shouting: “to trick or treat” and “give money or to eat.” If the adults do not have to change for the hospitality they candy, and those naughty boy just talk the talk: well, you're not playing entertaining, I you.4.November 4th Thursday is Thanksgiving.On Thanksgiving Day, the United States the whole fun, people follow the customs of the prayer of Thanksgiving to the Church, and rural towns are nearby, theatrical performances or sporting events, etc.Continues for another year of relatives will return from many, one family luck, taste the delicious Thanksgiving Turkey.5.25 December Christmas is America's largest and most exciting Festival.Christmas night the most interesting activities to a few “harki”, the symbol of the angels to report to the shepherds of Bethlehem on the outskirts of Messiah's good news.Late in the season, in a church choir from door to door to come to their doorstep in chorus to sing Christmas carols.So the family out to join the chorus.Songs, the everyone invited to host House,refreshments.Laughing, the choir to sing someone's House, the owner of a home is often accompanied by the “harki”
team growing, they sung from the houses, joyful atmosphere continue to increase, and often continue until dawn.Christmas is the most typical Christmas tree decorations, people in a small FIR or pine filled with gifts and lantern, the top of the tree with a big star.
第二篇:介绍美国英文演讲稿
篇一:美国文化之节日介绍演讲稿(英文版)the american heritage festival 1.united states is a cultural powers.short but rich history and unique it makes for an ethnic melting pot, and bring together the worlds culture.if the thought of this huge social and human treasures of get in, we may wish to take a short cut, that is, on his holiday to be a general understanding of the culture, because it is a microcosm of the festival.2.day(情人节 情人节)(february valentines day(情人节)(february 14)3.november 1, halloween is the traditional festival of the west.halloween, namely 31 october night, children enjoy a good time to play.as night fell, the children put on colorful costume, and wore a mask of all sorts, put on a pumpkin lampran out to play.packed with parity, the demons were dressed up as children of mobile pumpkin lamp, ran to a neighbors door, intimidation, like shouting: to trick or treat and give money or to eat.if the adults do not have to change for the hospitality they candy, and those naughty boy just talk the talk: well, youre not playing entertaining, i you.4.november 4th thursday is thanksgiving.on thanksgiving day, the united states the whole fun, people follow the customs of the prayer of thanksgiving to the church, and rural towns are nearby, theatrical performances or sporting events, etc.continues for another year of relatives will return from many, one family luck, taste the delicious thanksgiving turkey.christmas is the most typical christmas tree decorations, people in a small fir or pine filled with gifts and lantern, the top of the tree with a big star.篇二:美国文化演讲稿,英文版 presentation i’m glad to show you mine presentation today.and now let’s see some pictures.what are they? maybe you’ll say “ads”.but do you see the slogans on them? just as this one “obey your thirst”.advertisements give latest information about products.but some people think that advertisements don’t give much information but only try to persuade customers to buy.may be what mentioned above is the citizens’ view about advertisement.so, what i want to say is that we can pay more attention on advertising slogans, and some of them give us some inspiration.we might as well take a look.first i want to share my favorite slogan with you.it’s the slogan of the hennessy.“to me, the past is black and white, but the future is always color.” just as the slogan said, i hold the view that a person can’t be always lost in the past, and no matter how happy or terrible the past is, the future is worthy to be expected.this slogan gives a clear picture of the life that every successful person who want to realize the dream.besides, there’s another slogan, “start ahead”.i believe that most of us are familiar with its chinese meaning “成功之路,从头开始”.iargue that wherever we go and whatever we meet, this sentence is full of power and wisdom.the other one is the slogan of canon.as it said, “impossible made possible.” when we are in case of emergency or we meet difficulties at the critical stage of our life, it’s a good choice for us to use the slogan for encouragement.there’re also many slogans which deserve to be thought about.for example, “intelligence everywhere,” “the relentless pursuit of perfection,” and the most famous one “just do it”.maybe we’ll forget them after the first time we heard them or maybe we could seldom remember them unless in a special situation.in my opinion, since we have so many excellent advertising slogans, we have every reason to make full use of the social resources.in other words, after we enjoy the happiness and know about the introduction of the products, we should take in the wisdom and the truth which behind them.thank you, it’s all my presentation.篇三:美国经典英文演讲100篇
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美国经典英文演讲100篇:oklahoma bombing memorial address2013-04-04 thank you very much, governor keating and mrs.keating, reverend graham, to the families of those who have been lost and wounded, to the people of oklahoma city, who have endured so much, and the people of this wonderful state, to all of you who are here as our fellow americans.美国经典英文演讲100篇:brandenburg gate address2013-04-03 美国经典英文演讲100篇:message to the grass roots2013-04-03 so we are all black people, so-called negroes, second-class citizens, ex-slaves.you are nothing but a [sic] ex-slave.you dont like to be told that.but what else are you? you are ex-slaves.美国经典英文演讲100篇:address on taking the oath of office2013-04-02 the oath that i have taken is the same oath that was taken by george washington and by every president under the constitution.but i assume the presidency under extraordinary circumstances never before experienced by americans.this is an hour of history that troubles our minds and hurts our hearts.美国经典英文演讲100篇:a crisis of confidence2013-04-02 this a special night for me.exactly three years ago, on july 15, 1976, i accepted the nomination of my party to run for president of the united states.i promised you a president who is not isolated from the people, who feels your pain, and who shares your dreams, and who draws his strength and his wisdom from you.美国经典英文演讲100篇:on vietnam and not seeking re-election2013-04-01 tonight i want to speak to you of peace in vietnam and southeast asia.no other question so preoccupies our people.no other dream so absorbs the 250 million human beings who live in that part of the world.no other goal motivates american policy in southeast asia.美国经典英文演讲100篇:statement to the senate judiciary...2013-04-01 my name is anita f.hill, and i am a professor of law at the university of oklahoma.i was born on a farm in okmulgee county, oklahoma, in 1956.i am the youngest of 13 children.i had my earlyeducation in okmulgee county.my father, albert hill, is a farmer in that area.my mothers name is irma hill.she is also a farmer and a housewife.美国经典英文演讲100篇:television and the public interest2013-03-31 governor collins, distinguished guests, ladies and gentlemen.governor collins youre much too kind, as all of you have been to me the last few days.its been a great pleasure and an honor for me to meet so many of you.and i want to thank you for this opportunity to meet with you today.美国经典英文演讲100篇:eulogy for robert francis kennedy2013-03-31 on behalf of mrs.kennedy, her children, the parents and sisters of robert kennedy, i want to express what we feel to those who mourn with us today in this cathedral and around the world.美国经典英文演讲100篇:black power2013-03-30 thank you very much.it’s a privilege and an honor to be in the white intellectual ghetto of the west.we wanted to do a couple of things before we started.美国经典英文演讲100篇:chappaquiddick2013-03-30 on the weekend of july 18, i was on marthas vineyard island 美国经典英文演讲100篇:religious belief and public morality2013-03-29 the catholic churchs actions with respect to the interplay of religious values and public policy make clear that there is no inflexible moral principle which determines what our political conduct should be.美国经典英文演讲100篇:presidential nomination acceptance..2013-03-29 i have not sought the honor you have done me.i could not seek it, because i aspired to another office, which was the full measure of my ambition, and one does not treat the highest office within the gift of the people of illinois as an alternative or as a consolation prize.《美国经典英文演讲100篇》音频打包下载2013-03-28 美国经典英文演讲100篇:vice-presidential nomination...2013-03-28 my heart is filled with pride.my fellow citizens, i proudly accept your nomination for vice president of the united states.美国经典英文演讲100篇:the marshall plan2013-03-28 美国经典英文演讲100篇:the great society2013-03-27 how do i document that case? seven years later, the richest 1 percent of our society pays 20 percent less in taxes.the poorest 10 percent pay 20 percent more: reaganomics.美国经典英文演讲100篇:1988 dnc address(上)2013-03-26 tonight, we pause and give praise and honor to god for being good enough to allow us to be at this place at this time.when i look out at this convention, i see the face of america: red, yellow, brown, black and white.we are all precious in gods sight--the real rainbow coalition.美国经典英文演讲100篇:a whisper of aids2013-03-25 incidentally, that he spent weeks in the preparation of--his words and policies were subjected to instant analysis and querulous criticism.美国经典英文演讲100篇:civil rights address2013-03-24 upon receiving the first preliminary hard information of this nature last tuesday morning at 9 a.m., i directed that our thank you very, very much, president keohane.mrs.gorbachev, trustees, faculty, parents, and i should say, julia porter, class president, and certainly my new best friend, christine bicknell--and, of course, the class of 1990.i am really thrilled to be here today, and very excited, as i know all of you must be, that mrs.gorbachev could join us.
第三篇:美国节日介绍
新年(New Year)-从1月1日(January 1)开始-除夕之夜(New Year's Day)晚会是庆祝新年到来必不可少的活动。西方各国的人们都喜欢在欢快的乐曲和绚丽的光彩中喜气洋洋地度过一年的最后一个夜晚。此时,化装晚会特别受欢迎。来宾们把尊严和谨慎藏在面具之后,打扮得稀奇古怪。大家无拘无束,尽情玩乐,与平日的行为大相径庭。在英美两国,午夜钟声一响,参加晚会的人们还要手拉手高唱“友谊地久天长”这首著名的苏格兰民歌。
圣诞节(Christmas)-12月24日至第二年1月6日这段时间,人们把12月24日夜为圣诞前夜(Christmas Eve)。-圣诞传统的庆祝活动和内容有很多,如闪闪发光的圣诞灯饰、喜气洋洋的圣诞老人、集体庆祝活动、圣诞颂歌、节日甜点、用槲寄生(一种装饰性植物——译者注)和松针做成的花环装饰、挂有各种亮闪闪的饰物的圣诞树以及树下包装好的精美的圣诞礼物。欧洲传统的庆祝方式主要为:12月24日,平安夜,很多家庭和家人、朋友聚在一起,吃火鸡大餐,该大餐一般以圣诞布丁(一种有果酱夹心的蛋糕)作为最后一道甜点。人们互相分享一年来发生的有意思的故事。晚饭后还会有一些活动和游戏。12月25日圣诞节这天,很多家庭一般会在一起吃早午餐,然后做一些强度较小的运动,如户外散步等,用以消化太过丰盛的食物。在英国,12月26日被称为节礼日。这是孩子们最喜欢的一天。人们在这天会打开他们的礼品盒,互赠礼物。在美国,因为已在感恩节吃过火鸡,平安夜丰富多样的圣诞大餐多以火腿为主。
复活节(Easter)-每年的春分月圆后的第一个星期日--复活节前40天有一个大斋期称为四月斋(Lent),是从基督教的圣灰星期三(Ash Wednesday)起至复活节前一天为止的40天,这主要是为了纪念耶酥在荒野禁食()40天而绝食或忏悔。大斋期为信徒们提供了一赎罪(penance)、斋戒(fasting)、自制(self-denial)和忏悔(repentance)的机会,要求信徒们涤净过去一年中的劣行与罪过。按照基督教的习惯,在复活节的前一天,教徒们要举行夜间祈祷。这天晚上,教堂里灯火全部熄灭,意味着世界一片黑暗。等到午夜的钟声一响,神父手持一枝点燃的蜡烛(象征基督光芒),走进教堂,将各个教徒手中的蜡烛点燃,不一会儿,整个教堂被众多的蜡烛光照得通明,祈祷也就随之结束。复活节这一天要举行宗教仪式和活动, 如“圣餐”等,人们见面的第一句话就是“主复活了”(The Lord's risen)。然后人们互赠彩蛋(Easter egg),小孩吃兔子糖,讲兔子的故事。按西方国家的习俗,彩蛋 和兔子是 复活节的典型象征和吉祥物。
感恩节(Thanksgiving)-每年11月的第四个星期四--感恩节庆祝模式许多年来从未改变。丰盛的家宴早在几个月之前就开始着手准备。人们在餐桌上可以吃到苹果、桔子、栗子、胡桃和葡萄,还有葡萄干 布丁、碎肉馅饼、各种其他食物以及红莓苔汁和鲜果汁,其中最妙和最吸引人的大菜是烤火鸡(roast turkey)和南瓜馅饼(pumpkin pie),这些菜一直是感恩节中最富于传统和最受人喜爱的食品(food)。人人都赞成感恩节大餐必需以烤火鸡为主菜。火鸡在烘烤时要以面包作填料以吸收从中流出来的美味汁液,但烹饪技术常因家庭和地区的不同而各异,应用什么填料也就很难求得一致。
愚人节(April Fool's Day)--每年的4月1日--在愚人节这一天,人们可以任意说谎骗人,愚弄他人。骗人越高,越能得到推崇。在愚人节受到愚弄的人被称为 April Fool(4月愚人)。按照他们的习惯,当一个人成功地使别人受到愚弄时,他就会笑着说,这时受愚弄的人恍然大悟,也会跟着哈哈大笑。
母亲节(Mother's Day)--每年的5月第二个星期日--每逢母亲节,做儿女的会送给自己的母亲节日贺卡(Mother's Day Cards)、鲜花(flowers)以及母亲们喜欢的精美礼物(presents)等,同时,在这一天做父亲的会领着子女们包揽家务,以便让做母亲的有个休息的机会。
父亲节(Father's Day)--每年的6月的第三个星期日--按照习惯,父亲节这一天,做孩子的通常一大早就起床`给父亲做一顿丰盛的早餐,端到父亲的床头,感谢父亲的养育之恩。另外,父亲节这一天,孩子们还向父亲赠送礼物,所送的一般是父亲喜欢的衣服和爱喝的酒。
情人节(Saint Valentine's Day)--每年的2月14日--情人节不仅仅是年轻人的节日,也是一个大众化的节日。情人节这一天,不仅仅情侣们互赠卡片和礼物,人们也给自己的父母、老以及其他受自己尊敬和爱戴的人赠礼物和卡片。特别引人入胜的是情人节之夜的化装舞会。这在几十年前就十分流行。参加舞会的入,个个煞费苦心地将自己装扮起来,有的化装成中世纪的骑士,有的化装成西班牙的海盗,还有的化装成东方的皇帝。聪明的舞会主人常常给每位客人发一个带花边的瓦伦丁卡片,上面写着某个人的名字,这个人就成为你今晚的伙伴。因此在舞会上,人们便可以看到罗密欧和灰姑娘翩翩起舞;哈姆雷特同卡门谈笑风生;阿拉伯公主同查理二世共进晚餐。他们化装得那样维妙维肖.使人觉得仿佛真的是一群古人复活了。
万圣节(Halloween)--每年的11月1 日--在英国,万圣节前夕可以说是一个鬼节。因为大多数活动都与“鬼”有关。每到万圣节前夕这天晚上,人们就围坐在火炉旁,讲述一些有关鬼的故事,有时让一些在场的小孩听起来好生害怕。有的人把萝卜或甜菜头挖空,做成一个古怪的头形的东西,在上面刻上嘴和眼睛,在其内放上一枝点燃的蜡烛,看上去古怪、让人害怕,然后把它挂在树枝上或大门上,据说这样可以驱逐妖魔鬼怪。
在美国,人们制作“杰克灯”或叫“南瓜灯”(Jack-o'-lantern)。小孩们身穿古怪的服装,头戴面具,装扮成鬼怪的形象,手里提着一盏南瓜灯,从一家走到另一家,在大门口大声叫着“是请客还是要我们捣乱(Trick or Treat)。这时若主人不请客(treat),这些顽皮的孩子就会动真格地捣乱(trick),有的在主人的门把上涂上肥皂或往玻璃上洒肥皂水;有的干脆把主人的门给卸下来;还有的顺手拿走主人放在门口的日常小用品等。但人们对这些天真可爱的小客人一般还是欢迎的,并且事先都准备好糖果或零钱。听到这些小孩来到时,他们马上迎出来,给孩子们分发糖果或零钱。New Year 新年
在西方国家,尽管圣诞节才是最大的节日,新年在人们心目中仍占有不可替代的重要地位。除夕之夜(New Year's Day)晚会是庆祝新年到来必不可少的活动。西方各国的人们都喜欢在欢快的乐曲和绚丽的光彩中喜气洋洋地度过一年的最后一个夜晚,从而迎来新一年的第一天。
Valentine's Day情人节
情人节:在西方一些国家中,有一个极富有浪漫色彩、最受情侣们欢迎的节日,这就是每年2月14日举行的情人节。对那些心有所属,平日又羞于启齿的痴情男女来说,情人节是倾心吐露心底秘密的佳期。在情人节的前一天夜里,姑娘们便采来月桂树的叶子,贴在枕头上,希望在梦中见到意中的情人。而3月14作为延续,还有白色情人节。
复活节(Easter)是基督教耶酥复活的重大节日。在每年春分日(3月21日)之后月满的第一个星期天就是《圣经》中讲到耶稣复活的日子。对基督徒而言,复活节仅次于圣诞节。公元325年,尼西亚会议决定,为纪念基督教的创始人耶酥复活,将每年的春分月圆后的第一个星期日定为复活节,所以,复活节每年的具体日期不确定。按照基督教的习惯,在复活节的前一天,教徒们要举行夜间祈祷。复活节这一天要举行宗教仪式和活动, 如“圣餐”等,人们见面的第一句话就是“主复活了”。然后人们互赠彩蛋,小孩吃兔子糖,讲兔子的故事。
April Fool's Day愚人节
愚人节(April Fool's Day/All Fool's Day)是一个比较特殊的节日。时间是每年的4月1日。按照西方国家的习俗,在愚人节这一天,人们可以任意说谎骗人,愚弄他人。骗人越高,越能得到推崇。在愚人节受到愚弄的人被称为 April Fool(4月愚人)。如今的愚人节在美国已主要是淘气的男孩子们的节日了。
Mother's Day、Father's Day母亲节父亲节
在美国,有两个人情味极浓的节日:母亲节和父亲节。母亲节是由一位名叫贾维斯的妇女倡导,并由她的女儿安娜·贾维斯发起创立的,作为一个感谢母亲的节日,最早出现在古希腊,时间是每年的一月八日,而在中国、美国、加拿大和一些其他国家,则是每年5月的第二个星期天,其他一些国家的日期也并不一样。父亲节是由约翰·布鲁斯·多德夫人倡议成立的,美国总统尼克松1972年签署了议会决议。世界上有52个国家和地区是在每年6月的第三个星期日庆祝父亲节。我国台湾地区的父亲节是每年的8月8日。这两个节日创立后,也得到了全世界各国人民的支持,成了名副其实的国际性节日。
Halloween万圣节
万圣节是西方传统节日——鬼节。在每年的11月1日。10月31日是万圣节前夕,通常叫做万圣节前夜(万圣夜)。传说中所有的鬼在当天会来到人间…人们为吓唬大鬼小鬼,把自己也打扮成各种鬼模样,以避免被鬼抓走。万圣节虽然是国外的习俗庆典,令人印象深刻的是——大家会挨家挨户要糖吃,不给糖吃就捣蛋,这个最受孩子们喜爱。
Thanksgiving Day 感恩节 每逢11月第四个星期四,美国人民便迎来了自己最重要的传统民俗节日——感恩节。这个节日始于1621年秋天,远涉重洋来到美洲的英国移民,感谢当时当地印第安人的帮助
第四篇:大学英文广播稿之介绍海外文化
A:Hello everyone Welcome to today’s English salon.I’m---.B:I’m---.hospitality's
B: ok, I just want to know about it.A: that’s great!Now, let me ask you some question? If An American friend has invited you to visit his family.You've never been to an American's home before, and you're not sure what to do.Should you take a gift? How should you dress? What time should you arrive? What should you do when you get there?如果一位美国朋友邀请你去他家。你以前从未去过美国人的家,你不确定该怎么做。该带一个礼物吗?该怎么穿?该几点到?到了那里该做什么? B: Actually, I know it.When you're the guest, you should just make yourself at home.我若是客人,只要使自己感到自在就好了。
A: yeah, you are knowledgeable!That's what hospitality is all about: making people feel at home when they're not.待客之道就是这样:虽然不是在家里,却使客人有实至如归之感。
B: I am flatted, and I know that The question of whether or not to bring a gift often makes guests squirm.Giving your host a gift is not just a social nicety in some cultures-it's expected.But in American culture, a guest is not obligated to bring a present.Of course, some people do bring a small token of appreciation to their host.Appropriate gifts for general occasions might be flowers, candy or-if the family has small children-toys.If you choose not to bring a gift, don't worry.No one will even notice.在拜访友人之前,我们还应考虑礼物的问题,但是否带礼物常使客人不安。在某些文化中,送主人礼物不只是社交礼节——还是必要的。但是在美国文化中,客人并不一定要带礼物。当然,有些人的确会带个表示感谢的小礼物给他们的主人。在一般情况下,带花或是糖果,如果这家人有小孩,玩具应当是恰当的礼物。如果你选择不带礼物,别担心,甚至没有人会注意到的。
A :yes ,it is necessary to take a gift , and the other thing is the food, American hospitality begins at home-especially when it involves food.Most Americans agree that good home cooking beats restaurant food any day.When invited for a meal, you might ask, “Can I bring anything?” Unless it's a potluck, where everyone brings a dish, the host will probably respond, “No, just yourself.” For most informal dinners, you should wear comfortable, casual clothes.Plan to arrive on time, or else call to inform your hosts of the delay.During the dinner conversation, it's customary to compliment the hostess on the wonderful meal.Of course, the biggest compliment is to eat lots of food!美国人的待客之道从家里开始——尤其是和食物有关。大多数美国人都同意,无论如何,好的家常菜胜过餐馆的菜。受邀吃饭时,你或许可以问:「我可以带些什么吗?」除非是每人带一道菜的聚餐,否则主人很可能会回答:「不用,你来就可以了。」大多数非正式的聚餐,你应该穿舒适、轻便的衣服。设法准时到,否则打电话告诉主人你会晚点到。用餐时,习惯上,人们会称赞女主人烹调的美食。当然,最大的赞美是多吃!A: XXX today, we are going to introduce the way of the American
B :this is a basic etiquette, When you've had plenty, you might offer to clear the table or wash the dishes.But since you're the guest, your hosts may not let you.Instead, they may invite everyone to move to the living room for dessert with tea or coffee.After an hour or so of general chit-chat, it's probably time to head for the door.You don't want to wear out your
welcome.And above all, don't go snooping around the house.It's more polite to wait for the host to offer you a guided tour.But except for housewarmings, guests often don't get past the living room.是的,这也是餐桌上的基本礼仪。当你吃得差不多时,或许可以主动表示要帮忙清理桌子或洗碗盘,但你既是客人,你的主人可能不会让你这样做。他们或许会邀请大家到客厅吃点心、喝茶或咖啡。聊个大约一小时或许就该离去了,你可不希望变得不受欢迎吧。还有最重要的是不要在屋子里四处窥探,等主人邀请你参观才较有礼貌。可是除了乔迁喜宴之外,客人通常都只待在客厅里。
A:andAmericans usually like to have advance notice when people come to see them.Only very close friends drop by unannounced.This is especially true if the guests want to stay for a few days.Here's a good rule of thumb for house guests: Short stays are best.As one 19th century French writer put it, “The first day a man is a guest, the second a burden, the third a pest.” Even relatives don't usually stay for several weeks at a time.While you're staying with an American family, try to keep your living area neat and tidy.Your host family will appreciate your consideration.And they may even invite you back!还有就是,美国人通常喜欢访客事先通知他们,只有非常亲密的朋友才可能不请自来,尤其在客人要待好几天时更是如此。最好不要久留——这是给访客的经验之谈。如同十九世纪一位法国作家所写的:「第一天是客人,第二天是负担,第三天就是讨厌鬼了。」即使是亲戚通常也不会一次待上几个星期。当你住在美国人家里时,设法使你住的地方保持整齐清洁。你的主人一家都会感谢你这么体贴,他们甚至会再邀请你!
B:everyonecould want to be the men that be invited the next time,Most Americans consider themselves hospitable people.Folks in the southern United States, in particular, take pride in entertaining guests.In fact, “southern hospitality” has become
legendary.But in all parts of America, people welcome their guests with open arms.So don't be surprised to find the welcome mat out for you.Just don't forget to wipe your feet.是啊,大家都希望成为受欢迎的对象,大多数美国人都认为他们是好客之人。尤其是美国的南方人更以款待客人自豪,事实上,「南方的款待」是人们所津津乐道口口相传的。不过在美国各地,人们都展开双臂欢迎他们的客人,所以当你发现有WELCOME字样的鞋垫为你而时,别惊讶,只是别忘了把你的脚擦干净就是了。
A:Come to the point that cleanliness and hygiene Grooming and personal hygiene have been around for ages.No matter where they started, grooming and personal hygiene have become an important part of everyone's daily routine.说道仪容整洁和个人卫生,其实它的的讲究已经行之有年了。无论是从何时开始的,仪容整洁与个人卫生已经成为每个人生活例行事务中重要的一部份。
B:yeah, You might think that all modern societies would have the same grooming and personal hygiene practices.while most modern people agree that these things are important, people in different cultures take care of themselves in different ways.虽然大多数的现代人都同意这些事很重要,但不同文化背景的人打理自己的方法也不一样。
A : By the way I remind of a joke!There used to be an old joke in America that people should take a bath once a week, whether they need one or not.In fact, though, Americans
generally take a bath-or more commonly, a shower-every day.But in contrast to some cultures, most Americans get their shower in the morning, so they can start the day fresh.And instead of going to a beauty parlor for a shampoo, many Americans prefer to wash and style their own hair.So if Americans have a “bad hair day,” they have no one to blame but themselves.But most people in America do head for the beauty parlor or barber shop
occasionally for a haircut, a perm or just some friendly conversation.以前在美国有一个老笑话,说不管人们需不需要,他们至少每个礼拜该洗一次澡。不过事实上,美国人每天会洗一次澡,或者更普遍的作法是每天淋浴一次。但是不同于某些文化习惯的是,美国人在清晨淋浴,以使他们展开清新的一天。而且美国人不上美容院去洗头,他们宁可自己洗头和整理发型。所以美国人如果有一天头发很丑,除了怪自己之外就没什么好抱怨的了。然而大部份的美国人偶尔会到美容院或理发厅去,剪头发、烫头发,或是去跟人聊聊天。
B: in addition to this,Americans are known for having very sensitive noses.In America, “B.O.”(body odor)is socially unacceptable.For that reason, Americans consider the use of deodorant or anti-perspirant a must.Ladies often add a touch of perfume for an extra fresh scent.Men may splash on after-shave lotion or manly-smelling cologne.Another cultural no-no in America is bad breath.Americans don't like to smell what other people ate for
lunch-especially onions or garlic.Their solution? Mouthwash, breath mints and even brushing their teeth after meals.除此之外,美国人的鼻子是出了名的灵。在美国,体臭在社交上是不被接受的。因此,美国人会认为使用除臭剂或止汗剂是必须的。女士们通常会再抹点香水以增加清香;男士则拍一些刮胡水或是男性古龙水在脸上。在美国文化里的另一项禁忌是口臭。美国人不喜欢闻别人午餐后留在口中的味道--尤其是洋葱或大蒜。他们怎么解决这问题呢?漱口、吃薄荷糖、甚至饭后刷牙。
A:From these appears we can come to a conclusion that Americans put great value on both grooming and personal hygiene.For some people, taking care of themselves has
become almost a religion.As the old saying goes, “Cleanliness is next to godliness.” Whether or not being clean and well-groomed brings one closer to God, it certainly brings one closer to others.Americans look down on people who don't take care of themselves, or who “let themselves go.”从这些方面来看,美国人非常看重仪容整洁与个人卫生。对某些人而言,打理自己几乎成了一种信仰,如一句古老的谚语说:清洁是仅次于圣洁第二重要的事。不管整齐清洁是不是能使人更接近上帝,但它的确能拉近与人的距离。美国人轻视那些不在乎打理自己或让自己随随便便就好的人。
B : To Americans, even if we don't have much to work with, we have to make the best of what we've got.My friends , if you haveAmerican friends , should take more attention to it.对美国人而言,就算我们没有非常好的先天条件,但至少该尽力将已有的好好发挥。亲爱的朋友们,如果你有美国朋友的话,在这些方面应该要多留心哦。
A:today,we know more about entertain guests, grooming and personal hygiene of American culture.and let us hope Next program, good-bye
B : see you
第五篇:中西方节日文化之比较
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顾婷婷工业09-1班22090373
国庆节和独立日的比较
国庆纪念日是近代民族国家的一种特征,是伴随着近代民族国家的出现而出现的,并且变得尤为重要。它成为一个独立国家的标志,反映这个国家的国体和政体。国庆这种特殊纪念方式一旦成为新的、全民性的节日形式,便承载了反映这个国家、民族的凝聚力的功能。同时国庆日上的大规模庆典活动,也是政府动员与号召力的具体体现。显示力量、增强国民信心,体现凝聚力,发挥号召力,即为国庆庆典的三个基本特征。下面来看看中国国庆节和美国独立日各自的由来、发展和习俗。
(一)国庆节
1949年10月1日,是新中国成立的纪念日。这里应该说明一点,在许多人的印象中,1949年的10月1日在北京天安门广场举行了有数十万军民参加的中华人民共和国开国大典。其实,人们头脑中的这一印象并不准确。因为,1949年10月1日在天安门广场举行的典礼是中华人民共和国中央人民政府成立盛典,而不是开国大典。实际上,中华人民共和国的“开国”,也就是说中华人民共和国的成立,早在当年10月1日之前一个星期就已经宣布过了。当时也不叫“开国大典”,而是称作“开国盛典”。时间是1949年9月21日。这一天,中国人民政治协商会议筹备会主任毛泽东在政协第一届会议上所致的开幕词中就已经宣告了新中国的诞生。
那么10月1日的国庆又是怎么回事呢?在中国人民政治协商会议第一届全国委员会第一次会议上,许广平发言说:“马叙伦委员请假不能来,他托我来说,中华人民共和国的成立,应有国庆日,所以希望本会决定把10月1日定为国庆日。”毛泽东说“我们应作一提议,向政府建议,由政府决定。”1949年10月2日,中央人民政府通过《关于中华人民共和国国庆日的决议》,规定每年10月1日为国庆日,并以这一天作为宣告中华人民共和国成立的日子。从此,每年的10月1日就成为全国各族人民隆重欢庆的节日了。每年的10月1日是中国的国庆节(National Day)。中国人民在中国共产党的领导下,前赴后继,取得了人民革命的伟大胜利。1949年10月1日下午3时,北京30万人在天安门广场隆重举行典礼,庆祝中华人民共和国中央人民政府成立。毛泽东主席庄严地宣告中华人民共和国、中央人民政府成立,并亲自升起了第一面五星红旗。毛主席宣读了《中华人民共和国中央人民政府公告》:“中华人民共和国中央人民政府为代表中华人民共和国全国人民唯一合法政府。凡愿遵守平等、互利及互相尊重领土主权等项原则的任何外国政府,本政府均愿与之建立外交关系。”随即举行阅兵式和群众游行。朱德总司令检阅了海陆空军,并宣布《中国人民解放军总部命令》,命令中国人民解放军迅速肃清国民党一切残余武装,解放一切尚未解放的国土。同日,北京新华广播电台在天安门广场进行中华人民共和国开国大典实况广播。这是中国人民广播史上第一次大规模的实况广播,全国各地人民广播电台同时广播。
1949年12月3日,中央人民政府委员会第四次会议接受全国政协的建议,通过了《关于中华人民共和国国庆日的决议》,决定每年10月1日,即中华人民共和国宣告成立的伟大日子,为中华人民共和国国庆日。1949年10月1日中华人民共和国成立后,国庆的庆祝形式曾几经变化。在新中国成立初期(1950─1959年),每年的国庆都举行大型庆典活动,同
时举行阅兵。1960年9月,中共中央、国务院本着勤俭建国的方针,决定改革国庆制度。此后,自1960年至1970年,每年的国庆均在天安门前举行盛大的集会和群众游行活动,但未举行阅兵。1971年至1983年,每年的10月1日,北京都以大型的联欢活动等其他形式庆祝国庆,未进行群众游行。1984年,国庆35周年,举行了盛大的国庆阅兵和群众庆祝游行。在此后的十几年间,均采用其他形式庆祝国庆,未再举行国庆阅兵式和群众庆祝游行。1999年10月1日,国庆50周年,举行了盛大国庆阅兵式和群众庆祝游行。这是中华人民共和国在20世纪举行的最后一次盛大国庆庆典。
新中国成立以来,在国庆庆典上共进行过14次阅兵。分别是1949年至1959年间的11次和1984年国庆35周年、1999年国庆50周年、2009年国庆60周年的三次。为庆祝中华人民共和国成立60周年,2009年10月1日,国务院、中央军委在天安门广场举行盛大阅兵式和群众游行活动。
(二)独立日
美国位于北美洲南部,原是印第安人的聚居地。从15世纪末起,西班牙、荷兰、法国、英国开始向北美洲移民。17世纪到18世纪前半期,英国在北美大西洋沿岸建立了13个殖民地,并加强了对殖民地人民的压迫和剥削,激起了当地人民和新兴资产阶级的反抗。1775年,北美13个殖民地的人民开始掀起推翻英国殖民统治的独立战争,组成了“大陆军”,由乔治·华盛顿任总司令。1776年7月4日,殖民地代表在费城召开了第二次大陆会议,通过了《独立宣言》,正式宣布建立美利坚合众国。《独立宣言》是英属北美殖民地人民宣告独立的纲领性文件,马克思称赞它是“第一个人权宣言”。《独立宣言》向全世界宣告:“联合一致的殖民地从此是自由和独立的国家”。《独立宣言》的起草人是资产阶级民主派人士托马斯·杰斐逊。来自各殖民地的56位代表在《宣言》上签了字。宣言的标题是《美利坚十三国联合邦的一致宣言》。《宣言》全文约2500字,分三个部分。第一部分阐明资产阶级革命的基本原则,提出了著名的人权原则,《宣言》指出:“人类生而平等,造物者赋予他们若干不可剥夺的权利,其中包括生命权、自由权和追求幸福的权利”。第二部分谴责英国殖民当局的种种暴政。第三部分宣告13个殖民地独立,建立独立国家,断绝与英国的一切政治关系。《独立宣言》反映了北美殖民地人民争取自由独立的愿望,激发了美国人民的自信心和自豪感,极大地鼓舞了各阶层群众奋起参加独立战争。《独立宣言》对争取各国人民的同情和支持,推动后来的欧洲资产阶级革命,特别是法国大革命及法国的《人权宣言》都产生了积极的影响。《独立宣言》发表以后第5年的9月,英国军队主力在约克镇被击溃,被迫同美国讲和,并于1783年签订《巴黎和约》,正式承认13个殖民地脱离英国独立。美洲出现了第一个资产阶级共和国。后来,7月4日被定为美国国庆日。每年的这一天,在美国各地都举行隆重的盛典,进行歌舞、体育、游行等活动。早期的独立日庆祝活动主要是游行和演讲,有时还带有一定的宗教色彩,以后增加了体育比赛等户外活动。有一个时期,美国人民燃放鞭炮、烟火庆贺国庆,20世纪以后,政府为防止发生人身事故和火灾明令取消了这种形式。每年的独立日这一天,全美大小教堂钟声齐鸣,而头一个敲响的是费城的自由钟。
7月4日是美国的独立纪念日。这一天,举国欢腾,万家同乐,展现着
美国人民的爱国热诚。美国开国元勋约翰·亚当斯(JohnAdams)说,这个节日将成为重大的周年庆典,人们应铭记这个获得解放的日子……从东岸到西岸,从现在直到永远,都应该举行盛大庆典和游行,都应该通过表演、娱乐、体育竞赛、放礼炮、鸣钟、放烟火和张灯结彩,隆重庆祝这个日子。7月4日也是一个重要的公民日,体现深植于英-美政治自由的传统。每年,大批游人会在独立日前后拥到国家草坪广场(NationalMall)──即美国国会山与华盛顿纪念碑之间的大草坪,参加一向在7月4日前后两个周末举行的史密森民间艺术节(SmithsonianFolklifeFestival)。今年的民间艺术节展示不丹国的文化风情,得克萨斯州的音乐、饮食和葡萄酒,以及美国国家航空航天局(NASA)的发展史。2007年民间艺术节的国际文化主题曾是湄公河流域国家和北爱尔兰。在7月4日这天,从首都的国家大草坪到地方城市公园,全美各地普遍举办大大小小的烟火晚会。在纽约市,梅西百货公司(Macy'sdepartmentstore)赞助的独立日烟火燃放活动已有31年历史,号称是美国7月4日最大规模的烟火表演。梅西30分钟的2008年烟火晚会将燃放35000枚礼花弹,由停泊在东河(EastRiver)和纽约港的6艘驳船发射。据梅西估计,将有300多万人直接观看。近年来这项活动一直得到全国电视转播。7月4日也是家庭欢庆的日子。人们通常到郊外野餐或者在户外烤肉。美国的7月夏日炎炎,成千上万美国人会利用这段时间去海滩或其他度假场所避暑。美国的很多法定假日固定在星期一或星期五,但独立纪念日例外。很多上班族会利用年假让自己享受一个长周末。有时,一些重要的公共工程选择在7月4日开工。伊利运河(ErieCanal)、华盛顿纪念碑(WashingtonMonument)及美国第一条铁路巴尔的摩-俄亥俄铁路(BaltimoreandOhioRailroad)都是在7月4日破土动工,从而让这些改善民生的工程更具象征意义。
独立日在美国是一个相当热闹的节日,每逢这一天,全美大大小小的教堂钟声齐鸣,以纪念美国独立。首先敲响的是费城自由钟。美国人民总是以各种方式表达着喜庆。美国的独立日,与宗教、民俗节日一样隆重,老百姓在节日前清洁院落,装饰家居,悬挂国旗。美国人庆祝国庆的一个很大特点,是民众自发参与程度很高。到了这天,不用联邦政府动员号召,一些地方和非政府组织或者社区机构,都会组织一些仪式性的活动,比如花车巡游、燃放焰火等,举行各种露天艺术Show(表演),普通美国人也非常乐于参加。早期独立日的庆祝活动主要是游行和演讲,并带有一定的宗教色彩。后来又增加了户外活动、体育比赛等项目。燃放爆竹、烟火的活动一度也十分流行,20世纪后才被取消,以防发生危险。直到现在,各地居民自发地进行庆祝游行,有的扮作骑马的旧时牧师或坐着古式马车的贵族小姐举行化妆游行;有的组成家庭小乐队参加游行,还有的全家祖孙几辈载歌载舞,边舞边行。各种彩车、模型车、杂技车和小孩玩具车同欢乐的人群一起排成浩浩荡荡的队伍前途,景象十分壮观游行结束,人们往往聚在公园或公共场所共同欢度节日。在一片乐曲声中,人们或翩翩起舞,或席地野餐,商人们忙着叫卖纪念品,政客们乘机进行竞选演说,孩子们则在草地上做各种游戏,全美各地呈现出一派节日的欢乐景象。