第一篇:中国人的平安夜习俗
平安夜指12月24日晚,是圣诞夜的意思,英语叫ChristmasEve(圣诞前夕,圣诞前夜),平安夜也用来表示圣诞节前一天。那么你知道中国人的平安夜怎么过吗?他有什么含义呢?下面是小编给大家介绍一下中国平安夜的习俗,欢迎阅读。
中国人怎么过平安夜
1、中国特色-吃苹果、送苹果:其实吃苹果、送苹果是中国特有的圣诞节过法,因为在中文汉字中,苹果的“苹”字,同音平安的“平”,国外是没有的。所以平安夜的苹果就是“平安果”,送苹果、吃苹果就是寓意平平安安,是一种非常吉祥的兆头。
2、年轻人相约聚会:在中国,年轻一代的人对于圣诞节、平安夜比较重视。许多年轻人会相约在平安夜开party、看电影、聚餐,一起狂欢,在平安夜等待凌晨圣诞节到来。
3、互送圣诞节礼物、卡片:在学校里,平安夜前后,同学之间互相赠送礼物和卡片是最为普遍的。因为她们对西方文化感兴趣,并且在学生时代,过圣诞节是一种约定俗成的事。
西方人(外国人)的平安夜怎么过
1、装扮圣诞及氛围:在许多西方国家,圣诞节是非常重要的节日,他们每家每户都会装扮上圣诞节的装饰,戴圣诞帽、唱圣诞歌,以浓浓的圣诞节氛围迎接平安夜、圣诞节的到来。
2、团聚:在英国,一家人会在平安夜时团聚,吃火鸡、吃烧猪是最常见的平安夜饮食。在法国,大家在参加完子夜弥撒之后,会到家族最年长的已婚哥哥或姐姐家里吃团圆饭,大家会在这时候讨论家中要事,或增进家庭感情,这一天是个仁慈的日子。
3、子夜弥撒:子夜弥撒是徒平安夜要做的事情,在梵蒂冈、法国,几乎大部分人都要去教堂参加子夜弥撒,这是一种最为传统的平安夜过法。
4、逛圣诞集市:意大利的特兰托,奥地利的因斯布鲁克,法国的斯特拉斯堡,爱沙尼亚的塔林,捷克斯洛伐克的伯拉第斯拉瓦,奥地利的萨尔茨保,奥地利的维也纳,德国的科隆,德国的柏林,英国的温彻斯特都有久负盛名的圣诞集市,通常在圣诞节前三四个星期就已经开放了。
平安夜是什么节日
平安夜即圣诞前夕,在每年的12月24日,在大部分国家是圣诞节的一部分,但现在,由于中西文化的融合,已成为世界性的一个节日,是来源于西方的一个节日,在西方国家各为流行。平安夜是属于吉祥喜庆的日子,人们在这天欢聚团圆,分享喜悦,享用美食。
平安夜传统上是摆设圣诞树的日子,但随着圣诞节的庆祝活动提早开始进行,例如美国在感恩节后,不少圣诞树早在圣诞节前数星期已被摆设。延伸发展至今平安夜不仅是指12月24日晚了,指的是圣诞前夕,特指12月24日全天,但由于一般节日氛围在晚上容易调动起来,大型活动都集中在晚上,故被称作平安夜。届时,千千万万的欧美人风尘仆仆地赶回家中团聚。圣诞之夜必不可少的庆祝活动就是聚会。大多数欧美家庭成员团聚在家中,共进丰盛的晚餐,然后围坐在熊熊燃烧的火炉旁,弹琴唱歌,共叙天伦之乐;或者举办一个别开生面的化妆舞会,通宵达旦地庆祝圣诞夜是一个幸福、祥和、狂欢的平安夜、团圆夜,期待着圣诞节的到来。据说圣诞之夜,圣诞老人会悄悄地给孩子们准备礼物放在长筒袜里。
第二篇:平安夜习俗
平安夜习俗平安夜亦被认为是圣诞老人及其他地区类似人物四处向好儿童派礼物的时间。在意大利,礼物在平安夜当日早上已开启,而在英国、爱尔兰、瑞典、丹麦、挪威、芬兰、葡萄牙及波兰,圣诞礼物通常在平安夜晚上或圣诞日早上开启。在德国热油泵大部份地区,圣诞礼物则在平安夜晚上(德语 Bescherung)开启。在冰岛圣诞节在平安夜下午6时开始,教堂钟声会被敲响,人们会与家人一起享用节日晚餐,之后便会拆礼物,一起渡过晚上。在北美洲,大部份家庭会在圣诞日早上拆礼物。对于已KCB齿轮油泵离婚的家庭,孩子可能分开两日与父亲或母亲其中一方庆祝。在西班牙礼物则要到1月6日显现日(Día de reyes)早上才会被拆。不少传统圣诞故事都在平安夜晚上发生。非基督教文化圈
日本
在日本,大多数人都信奉传统的神道教以及佛教,圣诞节的宗教气息淡薄,一般人鲜ZYB渣油泵少注意圣诞节或平安夜的宗教意义。大多是年轻人受到商业炒作的影响,将圣诞节等同于礼物交换、狂欢节或是情人节的延伸,年轻人开派对,情侣往往在圣诞夜约会、吃大餐,造成餐厅与旅馆人潮远多于教堂的现象。
台湾
在台湾,原本只有占人口少数的基督徒以传统方式庆祝,然而近年受到西方文化的刺激,以及日本节目、ACG文化的影响,在年轻人之间兴起了过平安夜的风潮,庆祝的方式除了移植自日本及美国之
外,许多地方还会举办圣诞狂欢舞会。此外,浪漫气氛浓厚的假期容易导致纵情,再加上未采取适当的避孕措施,平安夜后往往出现女性的堕胎潮。
香港和澳门
中国也非传统基督教国家,然而香港及澳门在殖民时期分别受到英国及葡萄牙的影响,平安夜是年轻人、小孩子以至所有人都会庆祝的日子。数以十万计的香港市民会到尖东欣赏圣诞灯饰,及到酒店吃自助餐;不少人会在平安夜交换礼物,年轻情侣则会到尖沙咀欣赏圣诞灯饰,开圣诞派对,或到兰桂坊等地狂欢,基督教及天主教徒则会参加报佳音等宗教聚会。平安夜KCB不锈钢齿轮油泵也令不少年轻人在这晚“初尝禁果”,因此当地有“平安夜,失身夜”之说,香港家庭计划指导会、母亲的抉择等组织每年都接到不少求助。在澳门,每逢踏入十二月大街小巷都会粉饰得充满浓厚的欧陆圣诞气氛,圣诞树、马槽、彩带、灯色随处可见。在平安夜,年青人联朋结队到中区逛街,又喜欢到议事亭前地和大三巴牌坊欣赏分别由天主教会和基督教团体所举办的圣诞报佳音。到了午夜,澳门各堂区的天主教堂分别举行圣诞子夜弥撒,尤其以主教座堂人数最多,圣诞钟声遍及全城,即使非天主教的市民也喜欢到教堂感受圣诞节的宗教气氛。而澳门的皇朝区亦人潮如鲗,年青人到酒吧狂欢佳节。
中国
平安夜就是圣诞节前夜,圣诞节是12月25日,平安夜就是12月24日
夜晚.苹果的“苹”与平安的“平”同音,于是中国人寓以苹果“平安”的吉祥含义.于是就有了平安夜送苹果的习俗.平安夜即将来临 苹果“着装”悄然传递“平安”祝福
圣诞节的前一天,被称为平安夜。平安夜还没到,一种叫做“平安果”的礼物,开始在人们手中悄然传递。
据了解,“平安果”是用一个个色泽鲜艳、样子好看的进口苹果装扮而成的,多为红蛇果、青蛇果,当然也有把国产的红富士苹果进行包装扮成“平安果”的。据说,“平安果”象征着平安、祥和之意,之所以把“苹果”当成“平安果”的首选,是取了“苹果”的字音。
中国人都是喜欢平安长寿的,国外圣诞节简简单单吃苹果传入中国就变得麻烦了,据说在平安夜那天,分别向24个人,每人各要1毛钱,请记住:不能向姓吴(无),王(亡),李(离),施(死),贾(假),傅(负),梅(没)的人要钱,因为他们姓氏的谐音不吉祥,凑到2元4后,用它买一个苹果,只能买一个哦,如果还有剩钱,千万不能就随手丢了,要好好保留。晚上把苹果吃了,就可保你平平安安,健健康康哦,还可以把苹果送给喜欢的人,至少看到她/他咬下一口,那么你就可以和她/他在一起,并幸福。
送苹果代表送的人祝福接受平安果的人新的一年平平安安.
第三篇:中国人吃饭的习俗
1。请客要早通知,6:00入席,老人家你5:50才叫客人来,不对吧。2。主人家不能迟到;客人应当迟到5-10分钟,这是非常体贴的客人哦,注意掌握,自然宾主皆欢。3。要是坐圆桌子,对着大门的是主座,或是背*墙、柜台的;讲究些的饭店,会用餐巾予以区分,餐巾最高大的位置不能随便坐哦,除非你打算好请客喽:D 4。主人右手边的是主客,左手边的是次重要的客人;*门边面对主人的,自然是跑腿招呼的陪客坐的啦。5。做客人的不能直接向点菜员吆喝指点,应该乖乖坐等主人家点菜;如果客人确实有严重的忌口或爱好,应当轻轻告诉主人家,主人自然要替他做主,满足客人小小或大大的要求。6。主人家,不点或少点需要用手抓或握着吃的菜,比如蟹、龙虾腿、排骨等等。一顿饭来上三个这样的菜就没治了。还有什么礼仪可讲!7。不勉强也不反对别人少量饮酒,无酒不成宴嘛!8。上酒水上菜了!老外喜欢自夸手艺,国人可不作兴吹嘘自己点的菜,主人家细心观察凉菜上齐、每位杯中都有酒水后,当立即举杯,欢迎开始。。之类的,转动圆盘或是示意右手边的主客动第一筷。主客可别推让太久哦,大家肚子都饿了,就等你开吃了!吃了的别忘了赞美一下哦。9。之后的每道菜一上来,虽然服务员与主人还是会转到主客面前,但并不用太拘泥啦,如果正好在我面前,又没人转动圆盘,我也会先夹一小筷子尝尝的!10。主人家要常常转圆盘,照顾到绝大部分客人;陪客则补充招呼服务一下;客人的手能不碰圆盘而吃完整餐,则宾主又皆欢啦。11。如果没有服务员分菜或是公筷、公勺,夹菜的时候可要先看好,切不可用自己的筷子在盘中挑来拣去,甚至搅拌!不是每个人都像爱人一样不介意你筷子上的口水的!通常看准了拣距离自己最近的那部分。12。最好让筷子上的食物在自己的接碟中过渡一下,才送入口中。可以使吃相看起来不是那么急切。13。食物在口中咀嚼时,切记的大事就是闭紧双唇,以免说话、物体掉落、汁水外溢,以及免得发出“骠叽骠叽”的倒胃口声响。14。无论是用餐期间或用餐前后,都应当背部挺直,尽量往后坐椅子而不*。用餐期间,基本上双手都在桌面以上。15。一个太好胃口的主人,和正在减肥的客人,不适宜这样的饭局哦。
●圆形餐桌颇受欢迎。因为可以坐更多人,而且大家可以面对面坐,一家之主的身份并不像西方长形餐桌上很清楚地通过他的座位而辨认。客人应该等候主人邀请才可坐下。主人必须注意不可叫客人坐在*近上菜的座位。此为一大忌。
必须等到所有人到齐才可以开始任何形式的进餐活动———即使有人迟到也要等。一旦大家就位,主人家便可以做开场白了。进餐期间,主人必须承担一个主动积极的角色———敦促客人尽情吃喝是完全合理的。
●一张典型中式餐桌看上去相当空,在西方人眼中尤甚。每张座位前可见放在盘上的一只碗;右面是一组筷子与汤匙,分别放在各自的座上。在正式场合上,会出现餐巾,主要放在膝上。
在正式宴席上,菜式的吃法很像放映的幻灯片,每一次一道菜。令人惊讶的是,米饭不是与菜式同上,不过可以选择同吃。由于菜式各有特色,应该个别品尝,而且一次只从碗中吃一种,不是混合品尝。不可用盘子吃,只能用碗。骨头和壳类放在个别盘中。不干净的盘子必须经常用清洁盘子替换。
●除了汤之外,席上一切食物都用筷子。可能会提供刀*,但身为中国人,最好用筷子。筷子是进餐的工具,因此千万不可玩弄筷子———把它们当鼓槌是非常失礼的做法,更不可以用筷子向人指指点点或打手势示意。当然,绝对不可吸吮筷子或把筷子插在米饭中,这是大忌———这正好像葬礼上的香烛,被认为是不吉利的。再有,不可用筷子在一碟菜里不停翻动,应该先用眼睛看准你想取的食物。当你用筷了去取一块食物时,尽量避免碰到其他食物。可能的话,用旁边的公筷和汤匙。吃完饭或取完食物后,将筷子放回筷子座。
●一席中式餐饮如果没有茶便称不上正式了。为此,尽可能贮存不同品种的茶是明智的做法,确保最精明的品味也照顾到。有关茶的问题,应该注意几件关键的事。座位最近茶壶的人应该负责为其他人和自己斟茶———斟茶的次序按照年岁,由最长者至最年青者,最后为自己斟。当人家为你斟茶时,礼节上应该用手指轻敲桌子,这样做是对斟茶者表示感谢和敬意。
用餐对于家居生活是头等大事,体现个人素质和品味
眼睛看准食物才能动筷子
斟茶的顺序很讲究,先长后幼,先女后男
设宴原因有喜有悲
中国人向来「以食为先」,饮食除了是满足人的基本需求,亦是秉承传统习俗,聚首饭桌前大快朵颐。设宴的原因可以是庆贺,也可以是哀痛。每逢农历新年、结婚、中国节日如中秋节等,中国人便会一家老少聚首饭桌前共贺佳节;但另方面,若有人离世,丧家会在葬礼完成后设“解慰酒”,宴请出席葬礼的亲戚朋友,向他们表示谢意,可见中国人十分重视聚首饭桌前分享喜乐与悲哀。
灶君 中国人不单止十分尊重吃的艺术及礼仪,甚至会敬拜由“火神”衍生而来的“灶君”,他们认为“灶君”能保佑厨房避开火灾及各种不幸事件之发生,每年农历十二月二十四日,各家都准备一顿美味佳肴祀奉“灶君”,包括一只完整的鸡、烧猪、多样蔬菜、饭等,以多谢“灶君”对他们过去一年的保佑。他们通常会把餐桌放置在“灶居”的面前,把佳肴放在桌上左方,供奉数个小时后才拿走食物。
吃的礼仪与迷信有何关系?
客人与传统的中国家庭同桌用饭,须尊重他们的文化、礼仪及习俗,用饭时注意不要触犯多样的禁忌,因为中国人认为饮食与个人命运几乎是息息相关的,用饭时犯了禁忌,便会惹来衰运。例如吃鱼,当吃完了一面鱼身,不要用筷子把整条鱼翻转至另一面,他们认为若翻鱼时弄破鱼身,便意味著渔船会翻沉,这是由於香港在开埠初期是一个渔港,渔民很关注船只的安全航行;此外,中国人从不会端上七碟菜肴用饭,因为葬礼后的“解慰酒“须有七碟菜肴;不可用筷子垂直插入碗饭的中央,因这样有点像在拜祭祖先;用饭后不可说“我吃完饭了”,这意谓自己已死去,不会再有机会吃饭,而应该说“我吃饱了”;吃饭时避免筷子触碰饭碗而发出声音,这不单止是不礼貌,亦意味著「无饭吃」;要培养吃光碗中饭的习惯,一粒饭也不可剩余在饭碗,否则将来的太太或丈夫是「痘皮脸」的,亦不尊重辛劳耕种的农夫。这些迷信的饮食习俗流传至今,或多或少仍然成为中国人的饮食礼仪。
用餐俗例
在饭食方式方面,中国人与西方人有点不同,西方人喜欢各自品尝放在自己面前的食物,中国人则有一定的用饭规例,他们喜欢叫数碟佳肴,放在饭桌的中央位置,各人有一碗饭共同配这数碟菜肴,饭吃完可再添;夹起的菜肴通常要先放在自己的饭碗中,直接把菜肴放入口是不礼貌的;依照惯例,客人出席正式或传统的晚餐,是不会吃光桌上的菜肴,以免令主人家误以为菜肴预备不足,因而感到尴尬。
餐桌摆设
日常饭食的摆设是在各座席摆上一个饭碗、一双筷子、一只汤匙、一碟调味酱,用饭后通常会给客人一条热毛巾,代替纸巾抹手及抹嘴巴。所有菜肴同时端上餐桌中央,各人用自己的筷子直接从各碟共享的菜肴夹取食物;汤水一大锅的端上,各人同饮一锅汤。客人用饭时绝对可以来一招「飞象过河」,夹取放在远处的菜肴。由於中国人喜欢全体共享菜肴,他们的餐桌大多数是圆形或方形,而不是西方人多用的长形餐桌。
怎样叫一顿中式饭
先叫一个冷盘以刺激食欲,接著叫一锅清汤,热汤有助增加体温,喝过热汤后便开始品尝主菜,通常按照自己的口味叫主菜,但必要叫一碟十足辣味的菜肴,才算得上为一顿合宜的中式饭,以辣味菜肴配清淡的白饭,使菜肴辣而温和,白饭淡而香浓;一顿饭的压轴食品是甜点,通常是甜汤,如红豆沙、芝麻糊等,亦有其他种类,如布丁、班戟、雪糕等,同样香甜可口。
吃的方式 要待热汤变凉一点而入口时又不失汤味,应用汤匙一小口抿出声的饮;至於吃饭,要提起饭碗贴著唇边,用筷子把饭粒推入口里,这是一个最容易的吃饭方法,亦表示喜欢吃那顿饭;若吃饭时不提起饭碗,即表示不满意饭桌上的菜肴。
宴会
中国人很少在日常用饭时喝酒,但酒在他们的盛宴上则担当重要的角色。在宴会开始时,主人家必先向客人祝酒,这时客人的饮酒兴致便油然而生,啤酒或汽水都可用来祝酒,要先为别人添酒或汽水,后为自己添加,才合乎礼仪,且要添至近乎满泻为止,以表示尊重对方及彼此友谊,而主人家要尽情灌醉客人,才算合乎礼仪。若你不想饮酒,应在宴会开始时便表明,以免出现尴尬的场面。
宴席结束
客人享用完最后一款菜肴时,宴席便正式结束,於是主人家的主角会站立起来,表示宴会到此结束,并会站立门口向每位客人说声“晚安”,之后跟酒楼经理结账,主人家的其他成员则送客人乘车,挥手道别并目送车子驶离开去。
菜肴
中式菜肴大多数不会只有一种材料,通常有其他伴菜或配料衬托主菜,以做出色香味俱全的菜肴,例如烹煮猪肉,会以爽脆的绿色蔬菜做伴菜,如芹菜或青椒,衬托粉红色、柔的猪肉。一顿饭不会只有一款菜肴,通常同时端上两款、甚至四款菜肴,且每款菜肴都要色香味俱全,端上次序则以菜肴的搭配为大前题,通常同类的菜肴会同时端上,不会前后分别端上,总之整顿饭都要讲求协调的搭配。
饮料
茶是中国人的日常饮料,汤是他们饭食时的最佳饮料,在特别的日子或场合上,中国人会饮葡萄酒或烈性酒,却不会饮水,这与西方人不同。中国茶是茶楼的主要饮料,虽然有其他饮料供应,但他们认为茶是最提神醒胃的饮料,尤其是吃了油腻的点心,茶有助洗去油腻。每桌都供应一个或两个茶壶,且可不断添饮,客人只需揭开茶壶盖并放在壶顶上,便有侍应前来添滚水;无论同席者的茶杯有多少茶,其中一位都可为别人斟茶,但记著要先为别人斟,最后为自己斟,这才合乎礼仪。茶楼备有不同种类的茶叶,客人可随个人喜好选择。
中西方饮食文化之差异
中国与西方在饮食文化方面有不同之处,中国人比较喜欢大伙儿到茶楼,因可品尝更多款的点心及菜肴,虽然茶楼都备有二人饭桌,但大多数是供四位或以上食客用的饭桌。茶楼通常很噪吵,气氛不像西式餐厅浪漫,若二人吃饭,可考虑不选择去茶楼。
中国餐桌上的礼仪归结为以下几点:
一.入座的礼仪.先请客人入座上席.在请长者入座客人旁依次入座,入座时要从椅子左边进入.入座后不要动筷子.更不要弄出什么响声来.也不要起身走动.如果有什么事要向主人打招呼. 第二,进餐时.先请客人.长着动筷子.夹菜时每次少一些.离自己远的菜就少吃一些.吃饭时不要出声音.喝汤时也不要出声响,喝汤用汤匙一小口一小口地喝.不宜把碗端到嘴边喝,汤太热时凉了以后再喝.不要一边吹一边喝.有的人吃饭喜欢用咀嚼食物.特别是使劲咀嚼脆食物,发出很清晰的声音来.这种做法是不合礼仪要求的.特别是和众人一起进餐时,就要尽量防止出现这种现象.第三:进餐时不要打嗝,也不要出现其他声音,如果出现打喷嚏,肠鸣等不由自主的声响时,就要说一声“真不好意思”.;对不起;.“请原凉”.之内的话.以示歉意.第四;如果要给客人或长辈布菜.最好用公筷.也可以把离客人或长辈远的菜肴送到他们跟前,按我们中华民族的习惯.菜是一个一个往上端的.如果同桌有领导,老人,客人的话.每当上来一个新菜时就请他们先动筷子.或着轮流请他们先动筷子.以表示对他们的重视.第五:吃到鱼头,鱼刺,骨头等物时,不要往外面吐,也不要往地上仍.要慢慢用手拿到自己的碟子里,或放在紧靠自己餐桌边或放在事先准备好的纸上.第六:要适时地抽空和左右的人聊几句风趣的话,以调和气氛.不要光着头吃饭,不管别人,也不要狼吞虎咽地大吃一顿,更不要贪杯.第七:最好不要在餐桌上剔牙.如果要剔牙时,就要用餐巾或手挡住自己的嘴巴.第八:要明确此次进餐的主要任务.要明确以谈生意为主.还是以联络感情为主.或是以吃饭为主.如果是前着,在安排座位时就要注意.把主要谈判人的座位相互靠近便于交谈或疏通情感.如果是后着.只需要注意一下常识性的礼节就行了,把重点放在欣赏菜肴上,第九:最后离席时.必须向主人表示感谢.或者就此时邀请主人以后到自己家做客,以示回
中国人乃礼仪之帮,民以食为天,用餐岂能没有规矩!虽然说讲不讲究都是一日三餐,但是知道总比不知道好吧!
1.Treat early notification, 6: 00 to 5: 50 you, old man's guests, not true.2.The host should not be late;guests should be late for 510 minutes, it is very considerate guests oh, pay attention to the master, they are like natural.3.If sitting round a table, facing the gate is the main seat, or back wall, counter;pay attention to some of the hotel, will be distinguished with the napkin, the highest position of big napkin cannot sit casually, unless you intend to good pay.: D
4.Master the right hand side is subjective, the left side is important guests;* the door with his master, nature is called the guest sit errands.5.Guests can not directly to the waiter shouted instructions, should be waiting for the host family to order;if the guest has severe taboos or hobby, should be gently tell the owner, owner of natural to him family, guests meet little or substantially requirements.6.The house, no points or less need for grasping or holding dishes, such as crab, lobster leg, pork and so on.A meal with three dishes such as rule No.What about etiquette!7.Don't force nor against others drinking a little wine, not a meal!8.Drinks are served!The foreigner like boast craft, Chinese people can not supposed to brag dish, master home careful observation, each cup dish together have drinks, when to start immediately, welcome...As such, rotating disk or to indicate the right hand side of the subject-object dynamic first chopsticks.Do not host and guest Tuirang too long Oh, you hungry, you eat!Do not forget to eat for compliment.9.After each dish, while the waiter with a master or will turn to the object before, but not too liberal, if the right in front of me, and nobody rotating disk, I will try to clip!10.Host to often turning disk, to take care of most of the guests;company adds Greet Service;a guest's hand can not touch disc while eating a full meal, then they all like.11.If there is no attendant divided dish or public chopsticks, spoon, the dish when the first value, must not use their own chopsticks in intraday picked to go to pick, and even mixing!Not everyone like lovers do not mind your chopsticks on the slobber!Usually spotted picking to distance itself from that part of the recent.12.Better let the chopsticks on the food in their joint plate about the transition, mouth.Can not so eager rather look.13.Food in the mouth during mastication, remember that event is closed lips, so as not to speak, falling objects, water overflow, and that a “Puma puma grumble grumble” off sound.14.Either during or after dinner meal, should be the back straight, sit well back chair without *.During a meal, basically the hands above the table.15.A very good appetite masters, and are weight guests, not suitable for this dinner.The round table is popular.Because they can sit more people, and we can sit face to face, the head of the family identity and not long shaped the West on the table very clearly through his seat and identification.Guests should be invited to sit down and wait for the owner.The owner must be careful not to call the guests sitting in a seat near the table.This is a taboo.Will have to wait until all the people here can only be the beginning of any form of dining activities--even if they have to wait for being late.Once you master home place, can do the prologue.During the meal, the owner must assume a proactive role--urging guests enjoy eating and drinking is entirely reasonable.In a typical Chinese-style table looks quite empty, in the eyes of Westerners, especially.Each seat can be seen on the front wheel on a bowl;right is a set of chopsticks and spoons, were placed in their own seat.In formal occasions, there will be napkins, mainly on the lap.In a formal banquet, the dishes of eating like a slide show, each time a dish.Surprisingly, rice, not with the dishes ibid, but you can choose to eat the same.As the dishes have their special characteristics, it should be for individual taste, but once only from a bowl to eat, not mixed taste.Plate is not available to eat, can only bowl.Bones and shells on the individual disk.Not clean the dishes must always be replaced with clean plates..in addition to Tom, the gallery of all the food with chopsticks.May provide a knife and fork, but as the Chinese people, it is best to use chopsticks.Chopsticks are eating a tool, so do not play with the chopsticks--take them when the drumstick is a very rude way, but can not use chopsticks pointing to the person or motioned.Of course, absolutely can not suck or to chopsticks chopsticks inserted in rice, it is Taboo--this is like the funeral of incense, is considered unlucky.Again, can not use chopsticks in a non-stop flipping Diecai years, should be the first sights with your eyes you want to get food.When you use chopsticks to pick up one of the food, try to avoid the encounter other food.If possible, use public chopsticks and spoons beside.After dinner or take the food after the end, will chopsticks chopsticks back seat.A seat Chinese restaurant without a formal tea and can not claim.Therefore, as far as possible, the storage of different varieties of tea is a sensible approach, to ensure the most sophisticated taste is also taken into account.Issues relating to tea, should pay attention to a few key things.Seats recently teapot people should be responsible for others and themselves-----, pour the order in accordance with age, from longest to most young persons, the final pour myself.When the people you pour, the protocol should be used finger tapping on the table, this is done to pour expressed gratitude and respect.Dining for home furnishing life is a priority, reflect the personal qualities and tastes
Eye on the food to Dongkuaizi
Pour sequence well, long before the first female after after young, male
A cause of pregnant with sorrow
Chinese always “to eat first, eating in addition to meet the basic needs of the people, is also our traditional customs, party dinner table glut oneself with delicacies.A cause can be celebrated, can also be a sorrow.Lunar new year, wedding, Chinese festivals such as the Mid-Autumn Festival, Chinese will be a family reunion dinner table celebrate Christmas;but on the other hand, if a man die, lost in the funeral.”After the completion of solution comfort wine“, to attend the funeral of relatives and friends, to express their gratitude, Chinese visible human attach great importance to party dinner table to share joy and sorrow.The kitchen god
Chinese is not only very respect for art and ritual, and even worship by the ”Vulcan“ derived from the ”Kitchen God“, they think of ”free“ can bless the kitchen to avoid fire and misfortune happened, lunar calendar every year in December 24th, they prepare a delicious meal worship ”Kitchen God“, including a the complete chicken, pork, vegetables, rice variety, with thanks to ”free“ on their last year.They usually put the dining table is placed on the ”home front range“, put food on the table on the left, where several hours after taking food.Eating etiquette and superstition have what relation?
The guest and the traditional Chinese family table to eat, must respect their culture, etiquette and customs, careful not to offend eat varied taboo, because Chinese people think diet and the fate of individuals almost are closely related, a meal made taboo, will cause bad luck.For example, eating fish, when eating a fish, do not use chopsticks to whole fish turned to the other side, they think if your fish fish, would mean fishing boat capsized, this is due to Hongkong in the early stage is a fishing port, fishing is very concerned about the vessel safe navigation;in addition, Chinese from the never end seven dish dishes eat, because after the funeral, ”solution“ comfort wine must have seven dish dishes;can not use chopsticks vertically into a bowl of rice to the central, because this is a bit like in ancestor worship;do not say ”my lunch meal“, this means that I was dead, never have the chance to eat, but should say ”I eat“;eating to avoid chopsticks touching rice bowl and sound, it is not only bad manners, also means ”no meal“;to cultivate the habit of eating a bowl of lunch, a grain of rice can not be remaining in the rice bowl, otherwise the future wife or husband is the ”pox Leatherface“, also do not respect hard farmers.These superstitious custom of eating more or less spread so far, still be Chinese diet etiquette.Dining conventional
In the way of food, Chinese and Westerners are different, the Westerners like their tasting placed in front of their own food, Chinese have certain eating regulation, they like to call several dish dishes on the table, the central location, each had a bowl of rice with the common against several dish dishes, dinner again Tim;clamp dishes usually want to put in their jobs, directly put the food entrance is not polite;according to tradition, guests attending a formal or traditional dinner, is not to eat the dishes served on the table, so as not to make the master home mistakenly dishes inadequate preparation, so embarrassed.Table setting
Daily meals, is in the seating placed the last bowl, a pair of chopsticks, a spoon, a dish of sauce, lunch and usually give the guests a hot towel, towel and wipe your mouth instead of hand.All the dishes at the same time table central, each with their own chopsticks directly from the disk sharing dishes food clamping;the soup a cauldron of end, each with drink soup.When the guests eat absolutely since ”Dumbo“ move across the river, put in the dish clamp.The Chinese like all sharing dishes, most of their table is round or square, and not many Westerners, with a long dining table.How to make a Chinese meal
First called a cold to stimulate appetite, then called a pot of soup, the soup will help increase the body temperature, drink soup and began to taste the entree, usually according to their own tastes called entrees, but need to call a very spicy dishes, to be a decent Chinese rice, spicy dishes match against light rice dishes, hot and mild, mild and fragrant rice;a meal finale food dessert, usually sweet soup, such as red bean paste, sesame paste, also have other kinds, such as pudding, pancake, ice cream, also sweet and delicious.The way to eat
Going to stay hot soup cool a little entrance time and yet soup spoon, used a sipping noisily drink;to eat, to mention the rice bowl is attached to the lips, use chopsticks to go into the mouth, which is one of the most easy to eat, also said that likes to eat the meal;if eating not to mention that the bowl, expressed dissatisfaction with the dishes on the table.Banquet
Chinese is rarely found in daily meal drink wine, but wine at their feast will play an important role.Just when the party first, master home to guests toast, then guests drinking interest would arise spontaneously, beer or soda can be used to propose a toast, to others more beer or soda, to add their own, only decency, and added to almost full diarrhea so far, to respect each other and mutual friendship, and host to have drunk guests, is a ritual.If you do not want to drink, in the beginning of that party, to avoid embarrassing scenes.The feast ends
Guests enjoy the last dish, banquet is officially over, so his family hero will rise up, said the party ends, and will stand at the entrance to each of the guests say ”good night“, with the restaurant manager after closing, master's other members to send the guests riding, waved good-bye and watched the vehicle driving leave to.Dish
Chinese dishes most not only one kind of material, usually with vegetables or other ingredients as main course, in order to make delicious dishes, such as cooking pork, with crisp green vegetable company vegetable, such as celery or green peppers, foil, soft pink pork?.A meal is not only a dishes, usually served two, or even four dishes, each dish is delicious, end to the collocation of food order for the major premise, usually similar dishes will be served, not respectively before and after the end of the meal, in short to stress harmonious collocation.Drinks
Tea is Chinese daily drink, soup is the best drink their meals, in the special day or occasion, Chinese drink wine or liquor, but not drinking water, which in the west.Chinese tea is a restaurant in the main beverage, although there are other drinks, but they think tea is one of the most refreshing stomach drinks, especially greasy to eat snacks, tea helps wash grease.Each table will supply one or two teapot, and can continuously add drink, guests need only opened the teapot lid and put the pot on top of a waiter to add boiling water, with the cup mat;no matter how many tea, one can pour for others, but remember to others as appropriate finally, pour myself, this is etiquette.Tea with different types of tea, the guests can according to personal preferences.The Western diet culture difference
China and the West diet culture differences, Chinese people like everybody to the restaurant, because can taste more variety of snacks and food, while restaurants have two people dining table, but most are for four or more customers with table.The restaurant is often noisy, unlike western restaurant romantic atmosphere, if two people eat, can consider to choose not to restaurant.On the Chinese dinner table etiquette boils down to the following points:
A seat.The etiquette.Ask the guests are seated on the seats.Please elderly guests are seated in the next seat, be seated to enter from the chair seat.Don't move the chopsticks.Don't make any noise.Nor would get up and walk around.If you have anything to say hello to the master.In second, when eating.Ask the guests.Long Dongkuaizi.Food every time less.Farther away from their own food to eat.When do not sound.When the soup also do not make a sound, the soup spoon SIP one drink.Not to drink soup bowl to the mouth, very hot after cold drink.Don't just blowing drink.Some people eat like chewing food.Especially hard to chew crunchy foods, a very clear voice.This is not liturgical requirements.Especially and all dine together, we should try to prevent this phenomenon.Third: eating do not burp, also do not appear in other voices, if appear, can't help sneezing, gurgling sound, will say ”I feel shy.“;sorry;.”Please forgive." within words to apologize.Fourth;if you want to give the guests or the elder black.Is best to use chopsticks.Can also put before the guests or the elder far dishes to their front, according to our Chinese habits.Food is a one to upper end.If the table has a leader, elderly, guests.Whenever a new dish ask them to go first chopsticks.Or turns asking them to move first chopsticks.To express their attention.Fifth: to eat fish, fish bone, bones and other things, not to spit outside, nor to the ground still with the hand slowly.To get their dish, or placed in close to their table or on the prepared sheet of paper.Sixth: to timely evacuation and about people who talk funny words, with a harmonious atmosphere.Don't head to eat, no matter what others, also do not eat like wolves and tigers to eat a big meal, not to drink too much.Seventh: best not teeth at the table.If you want to pick your teeth, will use a napkin or hand cover your mouth.Eighth: to clear the table.The main task to clear to talk business.Or to contact the feelings.Or to eat.If it is the former, in the seating arrangements should be attention.The main negotiator seat close to each other to talk or dredge emotion.If it is after.Only need to pay attention to a common courtesy on the line, to focus on the appreciation of the dishes,Ninth: finally left.To master of thanks.Or at later invited master to their home, in return
Chinese is a rite to help, hunger breeds discontentment, meal or no rules!Although said does not pay attention to eat three meals a day, but better to know!
第四篇:中国人的送礼文化和送礼习俗
中国人的送礼文化和送礼习俗
中国是人类文明的发源地之一,闻名世界的礼仪之邦.几千年来,中国人由于受周公之礼、孔孟之道的影响,一向崇尚礼尚往来。《礼记.曲礼上》说:“礼尚往来,往而不来,非礼也,来而不往,亦非礼也。”这正是中国人对礼的认识的真实写照。
礼品具有新颖性、奇特性、工艺性和实用性。作为礼品的产品,它往往具有普遍人都喜欢而又不舍得自己掏钱买的特点。送礼是一种感情的投资,能缩短人与人之间的感情距离,便于人们的沟通、交流,达成共识,开创良好的商机。早在春秋时期,我国就崇尚礼仪,几千年来,已经形成一种文化。随着时间的推移,作为这种文化的物质核心---礼品也在日新月异的变化。不同的年代,不同的历史背景,礼品也各不相同。中国人的送礼习俗主要表现在以下几个方面:
礼轻情义重:礼品的意义在价值而不是价格,“千里送鹅毛,礼轻情义重”是中国人的礼品价值观。一般来说,赠送礼品应考虑具体情况和场合。一般在赴私人家宴时,应为女主人带些小礼品,如花束、水果、土特产等。有小孩的,可送玩具、糖果。应邀参加婚礼、除艺术装饰品外,还可赠送花束及实用物品,新年、圣诞节时,一般可送日历、酒、茶、糖果、烟等。
态度友善,言语得体:礼仪是指与仪的完全配合。送礼时讲究态度、动作和语言的表达。平和友善、落落大方的动作并伴有礼节性的语言表达,才是受礼方乐于接受的。那种做贼似的悄悄地将礼品置于桌下或文章某个角落的做法,不仅达不到馈赠的目的,甚至会适得其反。
谦虚是中国人的传统美德,在我国一般习惯上,送礼时自己谦和而得体的语言会营造一种祥和的气氛,无形中增加相互间的友谊。但过分的谦虚最好避免,如“薄礼!薄礼!”“一点小意思!”或“很对不起„„”等,这可能会引起对方的轻视。当然,如果在赠送时以一种近乎骄傲的口吻说:“这是很贵重的东西!”也不合适。在对所赠送的礼品进行介绍时,应该强调的是自己对受赠一方所怀有的好感与情义,而不是强调礼品的实际价值,否则,就落入了重礼而轻义的地步,甚至会使对方有一种接受贿赂的感觉。
选择送礼的时机:中国人认为,礼品一般应当场、当面赠送。通常情况下,当众只给一群人中的某一个人赠礼是不合适的。因为受礼人会有受贿或受愚弄之感,而且会使没有受礼的人有受冷落和受轻视之感。
给关系密切的人送礼也不宜在公开场合进行,经避免给公众留下你们关系密切完全是靠物质的东西支撑的感觉。只有礼轻情重的特殊礼品,表达特殊情感的礼品,才适宜在广众面前赠送赠送。如人特别的纪念品等。因为这时公众已变成你们真挚友情的见证人。但有时参加婚礼,也可事先送去。祝贺节日、赠送年礼民,也可派人送上门或邮寄。这时应随礼品附上送礼人的名片,也可手写贺词,装在大小相当的信封中,信封上注明受礼人的姓名,贴在礼品包装皮的上方。
送礼要尊重受礼人的习俗:西方人认为单数的吉利的,有时只送个梨也不三感到菲薄,这一点不同中国人讲究成双成对。中国普遍有“好事成双”的说法,因而凡是大贺大喜之事,所送之礼,均好双忌单,但广东人则忌讳“4”这个偶数,因为在广东,“4”听起来就像是“死”,是不吉利的。
再则,白色虽有纯洁无暇之意,但中国人比较忌讳,因为在中国,白色是大悲之色和贫穷之色。同样,黑色也被视为不吉利,是凶灾之色,哀伤之色。而红色,则是喜庆、祥和、欢庆的象征,受到人们的普遍喜爱。
另外,我国人民还常常讲究给老人不能送钟表,给夫妻或情人不能送梨,因为“送钟”与“送终”,“梨”与“离”谐音,是不吉利的。还有,如不能为健康人送药品,不能为异性朋友送贴身的用品等。
第五篇:平安夜习俗与来历说法
平安夜,即圣诞前夕,在大部分西方国家的圣诞节节日之一,但现在,由于中西文化的不断融合,平安夜已成为世界性的一个节日。下面小编为大家整理了平安夜习俗与来历说法,希望大家喜欢!
平安夜习俗
1、平安夜也被视为短日
在英国,平安夜如在工作日,有时会被银行及贸易公司视为短日(下午休息)。
2、天主教的圣诞季节在平安夜开始
天主教的圣诞季节在平安夜开始。除非当日是星期日。守夜的聚会据说是在12月24日早上。然而,在午夜前参加圣诞节的聚会是不被允许的。
3、教会在平安夜参与子夜弥撒或聚会
传统上不少教会在平安夜参与子夜弥撒或聚会,通常在世界各地的教堂内举行,以表示圣诞日的开始。一些教会则会在晚上较早时间举行烛光崇拜,通常会有耶稣降生故事的话剧表演,亦会享用大餐,一般会有火鸡或火腿作为主菜。德国的传统菜色则有烧鲤鱼。4、互赠苹果
在中国人们也会在平安夜的时候相互赠送苹果,苹果的“苹”,与平安的“平”,同音,因此,在平安夜吃苹果也就寓意着“平安”的意思。
5、举办一个别开生面的化妆舞会,通宵达旦地庆祝圣诞夜是一个幸福、祥和、狂欢的平安夜、团圆夜。
6、与家人团聚
千千万万的欧美人风尘仆仆地赶回家中团聚。圣诞之夜必不可少的节目是party或聚会。大多数欧美家庭成员团聚在家中,共进丰盛的晚餐,然后围坐在熊熊燃烧的火炉旁,弹琴唱歌,共叙天伦之乐。
平安夜来历的说法
1、平安夜的来历第一种说法
耶稣诞生的那个晚上,在旷野看守羊群的牧羊人,突然听见天上传来了声音,告诉他们耶稣降生的消息。根据《圣经》记载,耶稣来到人间,是要拯救世人,做全人类的救主,因此天使便透过这些牧羊人把消息传给更多的人。
后来,人们就仿效天使,在平安夜的晚上,到处传讲耶稣降生的消息。直至今日,就演变成报佳音这个活动。
到了一八一八年十二月二十三日晚上,在奥地利萨尔札赫河畔的奥本村里,有一只老鼠大胆地溜进村里古老的圣尼哥拉斯教堂风琴楼厢里。这只饥寒交迫的小东西东跑西窜,到处咬噬,终于干下了一件“影响深远的大事”,导致了一曲脍炙人口的圣诞赞美诗的诞生。翌日清晨,一位身穿黑色礼服大衣的中年人走进教堂,径直来到风琴旁边坐下。此人名叫弗兰兹-格鲁伯,正当三十一岁,有着一头黑发,高高的鼻梁和一双富有感情的眼睛。他虽然默默无闻,但在这偏僻地区很受村民尊敬。因为他是本村的小学教师,又是圣尼哥拉斯教堂的风琴演奏家。他坐下来,踩着踏板,按下了琴键。可是风琴只发出几声呜咽似的微弱气息。
这歌曲作为民间音乐,从奥地利传到了德国。它越过国界,随着德国移民远涉重洋,传播各地。但直到不久前,莫尔和格鲁伯才被公认为这首歌曲的创作者。他们当时什么都没有得到,他们死时仍和生时一样贫穷。但是,格鲁伯的那具古老的吉他琴至今仍在为他歌唱,它已成为传家宝,被格鲁伯家代代相传。现在,每逢圣诞夜,人们便要把这吉他琴带到奥本村去。而世界各地的教徒们,则再次齐唱这首为人喜爱的圣诞赞美诗。
2、平安夜的来历第二种说法
奥地利靠阿尔卑斯山的地区,出了不少的乡村诗人,加上奥地利人,本是爱好音乐的民族。他们大部分的人民,信仰耶稣基督。所以每到圣诞节,在这崇山峻岭的一些小镇和乡村里,许多歌唱世家的男女,像中古世纪的吟游诗人,不断的把圣诞歌的词句和乐曲,加以改进或创新。他们很多人,长于弹奏乐器,而且几个人聚在火炉边,就能当场作出新的圣诞歌,成了后来圣诞歌的宝藏。有一些歌曲,也许当时唱唱,或唱过一两年,就被新的圣诞歌所取代了。但是其中的一首,不但流传下来,而且是世界最出名的圣诞歌,它就是大家熟悉的“平安夜”。
据说这首圣诞歌,是阿尔卑斯山下沙司堡的牧若瑟神父,在一八一八年撰写的歌词,曲子则是乐师方济葛鲁伯所作的。不幸它在那乡村圣堂歌咏团的抄写本中,埋没了十多年。后来,被一位喜爱音乐的人发现,就把这首圣诞歌,带到城里的音乐会上演唱,非常受人欢迎。于是,渐渐的流传到奥地利各地,再传到了德国。一八三九年,这首圣诞歌传进了美国,不到几年功夫,就普遍得到人民的喜爱。再经过著名歌唱家的演唱,电台的播放,这首圣诞歌-平安夜,普遍的流传世界,而且各国都有翻译的歌词。不管是不是教徒,几乎都熟悉这首“平安夜”,聆听的时候,而且会哼唱起来。
平安夜的意义是什么:平安祥和
圣诞节是救世主耶稣基督的生日,是为了纪念耶稣降生而定的节日。正是因为耶稣基督的降生,人类才有了拯救的盼望。所以才将这个伟大的夜晚定为平安夜。真正的平安是心里的平安,是在一个人灵魂深处的平安。
到了现在,平安夜不仅代表了平安祥和,其背后团圆和希望的美好也是深受人们喜爱的原因。大多数欧美家庭的平安夜会选择所有成员团聚在家中,共进丰盛的晚餐,然后围坐在熊熊燃烧的火炉旁,弹琴唱歌,共叙天伦之乐;或者举办一个别开生面的化妆舞会,通宵达旦地庆祝圣诞夜是一个幸福、祥和、狂欢的平安夜、团圆夜,期待着圣诞节的到来。
节日期间,各国教徒都举行隆重的纪念仪式。圣诞节本来是教徒的节日,由于人们格外重视,它便成为一个全民性的节日,国家一年中最盛大的节日,可以和新年相提并论,类是西方似我国过春节。西方人以红、绿、白三色为圣诞色,圣诞节来临时家家户户都要用圣诞色来装饰。
红色的有圣诞花和圣诞蜡烛。绿色的是圣诞树。它是圣诞节的主要装饰品,用砍伐来的杉、柏一类呈塔形的常青树装饰而成。上面悬挂着五颜六色的彩灯、礼物和纸花,还点燃着圣诞蜡烛。红色与白色相映成趣的是圣诞老人,他是圣诞节活动中最受欢迎的人物。西方儿童在圣诞夜临睡之前,要在壁炉前或枕头旁放上一只袜子,等候圣诞老人在他们入睡后把礼物放在袜子内。在西方,扮演圣诞老人也是一种习俗。
平安夜习俗与来历说法