定语从句语法讲解及练习教案学习的啊学习的武器学习的武器

第一篇：定语从句语法讲解及练习教案学习的啊学习的武器学习的武器

学英语简单吗？肯定会有许多学生说：“难死了”。

为什么有好多学生对英语的学习都感到头疼呢？答案只有一个：“不得法。” 英语与汉语一样都是一种语言，为什么你说汉语会如此流利？那是因为你置身于一个汉语环境中，如果你在伦敦呆上半年，保准说起英语来会非常流利。但很多中学生没有很好的英语环境，那么你可以自己设置一个英语环境，坚持“多说”、“多听”、“多读”、“多写”，那么你的英语成绩肯定会很出色。

一、多“说”。

自己多创造机会与英语教师多讲英语，见了同学，尤其是和好朋友在一起时尽量用英语去问候，谈心情……这时候你需随身携带一个英汉互译小词典，遇到生词时查一下这些生词，也不用刻意去记，用的多了，这个单词自然而然就会记住。千万别把学英语当成负担，始终把它当成一件有趣的事情去做。

或许你有机会碰上外国人，你应大胆地上去跟他打招呼，和他谈天气、谈风景、谈学校……只是别问及他的年纪，婚史等私人问题。尽量用一些你学过的词汇，句子去和他谈天说地。不久你会发现与老外聊天要比你与中国人谈英语容易的多。因为他和你交谈时会用许多简单词汇，而且不太看重说法，你只要发音准确，准能顺利地交流下去。只是你必须要有信心，敢于表达自己的思想。

如果没有合适的伙伴也没关系，你可以拿过一本书或其它什么东西做假想对象，对它谈你一天的所见所闻，谈你的快乐，你的悲伤等等，长此坚持下去你的口语肯定会有较大的提高。

二、多“听”

寻找一切可以听英语的机会。别人用英语交谈时，你应该大胆地去参与，多听听各种各样人的发音，男女老少，节奏快的慢的你都应该接触到，如果这样的机会少的话，你可以选择你不知内容的文章去听，这将会对你帮助很大，而你去听学过的课文的磁带，那将会对你的语言语调的学习有很大的帮助。

三、多“读”。

“读”可以分为两种。一种是“默读”。每天给予一定时间的练习将会对你提高阅读速度有很大的好处，读的内容可以是你的课本，但最好是一些有趣的小读物，因为现在的英语高考越来越重视阅读量和阅读速度。每道题的得分都与你的理解程度有很大关系，所以经过高中三年阅读的训练后，你必定会在高考中胜券在握。另一种是“朗读”这是学语言必不可少的一种学习途径。

四、多“写”

有的同学总是抱怨时间紧，根本没时间写作文。其实“写”的形式很多，不一定就写作文才提高写作能力。比如写下你一天中发生的一些重要的事情，或当天学了某一个词组，你可以创设一个语境恰如其份地用上这个词。这样即可帮你记住这个词的用法，又可以锻炼你的写作能力，比如学“wish”一词时，可写一小段如下：

学习英语不用花大块的时间，10分钟的散步可以练“说”,吃完饭后可以读一会儿英语小说，睡前听几分钟英语，可以使你得到更好地休息……只要你每天抽出一些时间来练英语，你的英语成绩肯定会很快提高的。

背英语单词技巧

1、循环记忆法

艾宾浩斯遗忘曲线

人的大脑是一个记忆的宝库，人脑经历过的事物，思考过的问题，体验过的情感和情绪，练习过的动作，都可以成为人们记忆的内容。例如英文的学习中单词、短语和句子，甚至文章的内容都是通过记忆完成的。从“记”到“忆”是有个过程的，这其中包括了识记、保持、再认和回忆。有很多人在学习英语的过程中，只注重了学习当时的记忆效果，孰不知，要想做好学习的记忆工作，是要下一番工夫的，单纯的注重当时的记忆效果，而忽视了后期的保持和再认同样是达不到良好的效果的。

雅思阅读题目出题的本质是三种替换：同义词/词组替换，句型替换，语法替换，笔者将从这三方面根据学生课堂笔记进行分类整理。以下是剑桥真题中的考点词,替换词,一次多义总结：

1.rigid/ stiff/ unchanged/ little change 僵硬的，一成不变的

2.significant/enormous/dramatic/tremendous/appreciably/remarkable/crucial/ 巨大的,明显的，程度大的/substantial

3.approximately 将近-nearly, almost

4.proportion/ percentage 比例

5.be involved(in)/ involve in/ involvement [n.] 涉及，卷入，参与

6.given/ considering , in regard to / despite/ although 有鉴于

考虑到，尽管

6.induce [v] 引入，引导，引诱/ inductive [n] 归纳 >< deduce /deductive推断

7.fortune/ destiny/ chances

8.deplete 开采完，耗尽/ exhaust –exhaust emission(尾气)排放/ exploit 9.complex 错综复杂的/ complicated/ sophisticated 老奸巨滑的，复杂的

10.capacity能力，容量/ competence（竞争）能力/ ability 能力（笼统的）

11.确保，保障：Secure-security/ ensure(insure)/ guarantee 押金

12.solely/ merely/ only

13.a vast array of 系列/ a great variety of 花样，品种/ a great rang 系列 of

14.pesticide 杀虫/ suicide 自杀/ homicide/ murder杀人

15.believe/ assume(responsibility)/ suppose

16.授权，委托：authorize/ commission 佣金/ entitle 头衔 + ment =right（权利）

17.purchase/ buy

18.ethnic 种族的/ ethic 伦理，道德的 + s =[n ]

19.modify/ change [v] shift work 轮班工作[n]

20.insight/knowledge/ learning/ understanding/ knowing

21.constrain拘泥，限制/ restrict 限制/ limit

22.circumstance 环境（社会）/ surroundings/ environment 环境（环保）背景 background 后台 / settings后台，布景/ context 上下文（文章中）

23.notorious 臭名昭著的/ flagrant臭的>

24.移民：immigrant(进来)/ emigrant(出去)/migrant

25.兴旺，繁荣；prosperous/ thriving/ booming（人口，行业）/flourishing

26.神圣的：divine/ heavenly/ holy/ sacred

27.有毒的：poisonous/ toxic(in-, non-无毒的)

28.致命的：deadly/ fatal/ lethal/ mortal

29.类似于：look like/ resemble

30.chronic长期的,慢性的— long-term 长期的

31.网恋：virtual love/ cyber love

32.网友：on-line /net/ cyber friend 上网（聊天）chat on line/ go on-line cyber café/网吧

33.evolve-evolution 进化/ revolute-revolution 革命，旋转/ involve-involution 卷入，涉及

34.indicator/ predictor 表示诠释，预测

35.indicate/ demonstrate/ display/exhibit/betray

36.therapist /expert/ specialist

37.优点，长处，美德：advantage/ merit/ virtue/ length

38.commonest/ frequent

39.未开发的，初级的：rudimentary/ underdeveloped

40.退化：degenerate/-tion [n]->generate 生产，制造/ degrade->grade 等级/ deteriorate 恶化，每况愈下

41.分类：category-categorize/ class-classify

42.consequence后果->影响/ subsequence紧跟其后/ sequence=order秩序/ frequency频率

43.clash 冲突（民族，种族）/crash 飞机坠毁

44.substitution=> substitute sth for sb /replace

45.alternative=> 选择性，代替性，辅助性

46.孤立：isolate/ alienate/insulate隔绝，排外，孤立->be alien to/insulate(-ior)绝缘，隔热（体）

47．缺点，不足之处：defect/ flaw/ failing/ disadvantage /drawback

48.创新的，发明的，新颖的，创新的：inventive(-tion)/ innovative(-tion)/ creative(-tion)/ ingenious(ity)/novel(-ty)=>[n]/creative/revolutionary

易错拼写：environment/ convenient

49．neutral 中立的，中性的 /negative 否定，消极，阴性的 /positive 肯定，积极，阳性的

50．ambiguous->ambiguity 模棱两可的，暧昧的/obscure

51.communicate 沟通，传达，通报

52.accommodate 1供...食宿，2=adapt to 适应，调整，3=hold 容纳，4使…停靠

53.commitment 1 ~ to sth 奉献 2 责任,义务

54．contribute to 导致 ~ result in /account for(占据)导致

54.缺乏的，不足的：inadequate/ insufficient/ deficient/lack(of)/ short(of)

55.强调：emphasize/ stress/ highlight/ focus on/ concentrate on

英语作文常用谚语、俗语

1、A liar is not believed when he speaks the truth.说谎者即使讲真话也没人相信。

2、A little knowledge is a dangerous thing.一知半解，自欺欺人。

3、All rivers run into sea.海纳百川。

4、All roads lead to Rome.条条大路通罗马。

5、All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.只会用功不玩耍，聪明孩子也变傻。

6、A bad beginning makes a bad ending.不善始者不善终。

7、Actions speak louder than words.事实胜于雄辩。

8、A faithful friend is hard to find.知音难觅。

9、A friend in need is a friend indeed.患难见真情。

10、A friend is easier lost than found.得朋友难，失朋友易。

11、A good beginning is half done.良好的开端是成功的一半。

12、A good beginning makes a good ending.善始者善终。

13、A good book is a good friend.好书如挚友。

14、A good medicine tastes bitter.良药苦口。

15、A mother's love never changes.母爱永恒。

16、An apple a day keeps the doctor away.一天一苹果，不用请医生。

17、A single flower does not make a spring.一花独放不是春，百花齐放春满园。

18、A year's plan starts with spring.一年之计在于春。

19、A young idler, an old beggar.少壮不努力，老大徒伤悲。

20、Better late than never.不怕慢，单怕站。

21、By reading we enrich the mind.读书使人充实，22、Care and diligence bring luck.谨慎和勤奋才能抓住机遇。

23、Confidence in yourself is the first step on the road to success.自信是走向成功的第一步。

24、Custom is a second nature.习惯是后天养成的。

25、Custom makes all things easy.有个好习惯，事事皆不难。

26、Doing is better than saying.与其挂在嘴上，不如落实在行动上。

27、Do nothing by halves.凡事不可半途而废。

28、Don't put off till tomorrow what should be done today.今日事，今日毕。

29、Don't trouble trouble until trouble troubles you.不要自找麻烦。

30、Early to bed and early to rise makes a man healthy, wealthy and wise.早睡早起身体好。

31、Easier said than done.说得容易，做得难。

32、Easy come, easy go.来也匆匆，去也匆匆。

33、Eat to live, but not live to eat.人吃饭是为了活着，但活着不是为了吃饭。

34、Every man has his faults.金无足赤，人无完人。

35、Every man is the architect of his own fortune.自己的命运自己掌握。

36、Every minute counts.分秒必争。

37、Each coin has two sides.38、Fact speak louder than words.事实胜于雄辩。

39、Failure is the mother of success.失败是成功之母。

40、God helps those who help themselves.自助者天助。

41、Health is better than wealth.健康胜过财富。

42、Honesty is the best policy.做人诚信为本。

43、Hope for the best, but prepare for the worst.抱最好的愿望，做最坏的打算。

44、It is never too old to learn.活到老，学到老。

45、Knowledge is power.知识就是力量

46、Like mother, like daughter.有其母必有其女。

47、No pain，no gain.（不劳无获。）

48、You never know till you have tried.不尝试，不知晓。

49、An idle youth, a needy age.少壮不努力，老大徒伤悲。50、Diligence is the mother of success.勤奋是成功之母。

51、Early to bed, early to rise, makes a man healthy, wealthy

and wise.早睡早起，使人健康、52、Experience is the best teacher.经验是最好的教师。

53、Nothing in the world is difficult if you set

富裕和聪颖。

54、Where there's a will, there's a way.有志者事竟成。

55、Practice makes perfect ．（熟能生巧。）

56、Pride goes before a fall．（骄傲必败。）

Superstar and I It’s common that many students are crazy about those singers and actors.However, liyundi, a pianist, is the superstar in my heart.He is a man of few words and he even looks like the greatest pianist—Chopin.When listening to his music , I can get rid of everything noisy around.What’s more, I can feel his strong love for music.Rome wasn’t built in one day.He achieved the great success through huge effort.I can learn from him that we should never give up to realize our dreams.Superstar and I Her name first appeared as a joke then like a wonder.She is Susan Boyle, the superstar in my heart.Although she’s not beautiful, her voice and spirit moved all the audience, including me.The song ’I dreamed a dream’ that she sang touched everyone’s heart who had a dream and wanted to realize it.She taught me how to go on my dreams as well as never to give up.She is like a sunshine that gives me hope.Where there is a will, there is a way.The Attributive Clause 在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。

定语从句中被修饰的名词或代词叫“先行词”，它往往放在定语从句之前。

引导定语从句的词叫关系词。关系词分为关系代词（that, which, who, whom, whose）和关系副词（where, when, why）.e.g;(1)The story that I read just now is encouraging.(2)I have a friend who likes listening to classical music.1.由关系代词引导的定语从句。

（1）that既可指人也可指物，在从句中作主语或宾语。e.g;The girl that wears a pair of sunglasses is so modern.Let’ ask the man that is reading the book over there.I will never forget the days that we spent together last year.She likes the flowers that I bought for her yesterday.(2)which 只能指物；可作主语或宾语。

e.g: The tress which they planted didn’t need much water.That is the machine which your Dad sent me.(3).Who在从句中可作主语或宾语；whom只能作宾语。

e.g: The foreigner who visited our school yesterday is from Canada.I don’t know the man who/whom you talked to just now.The boy who broke the window is called Michael.(4).whose在从句中作定语。

e.g: The boy whose parents were killed in the earthquake is studying in Beijing.I’d like to live in the house whose windows face to the South.2.由关系副词引导的定语从句——关系副词在从句中作状语。

e.g.I still remember the day when I first came to Beijing.We’ll never forget the happy time when we worked on the farm.This is the house where we lived last year.The factory where his father works is in the center of the city.There are few reasons why we can’t do that.He couldn’t give the teacher a good reason why he was absent yesterday 3.非.限制性定语从句

John, who speaks Spanish, works there.4.介词加which/whom相当于一关系副词 5．of which/ whom 相当于 whose.注（1）关系代词在从句中作宾语时可省略。

（2）限制性定语从句中只能用that的情况：

1）当先行词是不定代词all, much, little, something, everything, anything, nothing, none, the one 时。

e.g: Do you have anything that you want to say for yourself?

You should hand in all that you have.The police caught the one that set fire on the bus in Chengdu.2)当先行词被the only, the very, any, few, little, no, all等词修饰时。

e.g: There is little meat in the fridge that we can use.today

This is the very person that I’m waiting for.The only thing that we can do is to give you some money.3)当先行词是形容词最高级或被形容词最高级修饰时。

e.g: This is the best that has been used against pollution.This is the most interesting film that I’ve ever seen.He is the best man that can finish the work.4)当先行词是序数词或被序数词修饰时。

e.g: This train is the last that will go to Suzhou.What is the first American film that you have seen.?

5)当先行词既有人又有物时。

e.g: Do you know the things and persons that they are talking?

(3)定语从句中只能用which的情况：

1）在非限制性定语从句中。

e.g.Helen was much kinder to her youngest son than to the others, which, of course, made the others envy him.2)当动词短语中的介词提前时。

e.g.This is the house in which Lu Xun once lived.The athlete to whom you talked is a famous runner.(4)定语从句中的特殊情况。

1）由关系代词as 引导的。

As既可引导限制性定语从句也可引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中作主语，宾语或表语。

Such + n.+ as…..像。。。一样的，像。。之类的The same + n.+as… 和。。同样的

e.g.We have found such material as are used in their factory.These houses are sold at such a low price as people expected.He is not the same man as he was.2）as/ which代指前面整个句子时：

e.g.He was late for class, which made the teacher very angry.Liuxiang got the first place in this competition, which made him very popular.His mother asked him to study hard again and again, which didn’t help.Knowledge is power, as Francis Bacon wrote in 1597.As is known to everybody, the moon travels round the earth once every month.The moon travels round the earth once every month, as/which is known to everybody.It is known to everybody that the moon travels round the earth once every month.What is known to everybody is that the moon travels round the earth once every month.（1）As引导的非限制性定语从句位置很灵活可位于句首、句中或句末，而which引导的不能。位于句首

（2）as常常译为“正如，好象”，而which则无。

e.g.__________ is reported in the newspapers, talks between the two countries are making progress.A.It

B.As

C.That

D.What

3)当先行词是way意为“方式、方法”时：

What surprised me was not what he said but the way in which / that he said it.The way that which

/ he explained to us was quite simple.4)where的特殊情况。

The media can help solve problems and draw attention to situations where help is needed.The accident had reached to a point where both their parents are to be called in.I can think of many cases_____ students obviously knew a lot of English words and expressions but couldn’t write a good essay.A.why

B.which

C.as

D.where

定语从句练习（附答案）

1.we shouldn’t spent our money testing so many people, most of _______ are healthy.A.that

B.which

C.what

D.whom 2.Some pre-school children go to a day care center, ________ they learn simple games and songs.A.then

B.there

C.while

D.where 3.They can find whatever they need in the supermarket, ________ is always busy on Sundays.A.which

B.when

C.where

D.who 4.There is such a problem _______ we all should _______.A.as;pay attention to it

B.that;attract our attention

C.as;pay attention to

D.that;attract our attention to it 5.”I’d like to give my thanks to those________ help my son will be able to survive his terrible disease,” said the woman on TV.A.who

B.that

C.with whose

D.with their 6.The CCTV Tower,________base is an electrical equipment shop, is frequently visited by travelers.A.which

B.whose

C.its

D.that 7.There are two rooms on the first floor,_______ is used as a guest room.A.a smaller of which

B.a smaller of them C.the smaller of which

D.the smaller of them 8.After graduation she reached a point in her career _______ she needed to decide what to do.A.that

B.what

C.which

D.where 9.His movie won several awards at the film festival, ________ was beyond his wildest dream.A.which

B.that

C.where

D.it 10.I was given three books on cooking, the first _______ I really enjoyed.A.of that

B.of which

C.that

D.which 11.This is Mr.White, _______ I think has something interesting to tell you.A.which

B.whom

C.that

D.who 12.Many people who had seen the film were afraid to go to the forest when they remembered the scenes ________ people were eaten by the tiger.A.in which

B.by which

C.which

D.that 13.Today, we’ll discuss a number of cases_________ beginners of English fail to use the language properly.A.which

B.as

C.why

D.where 14.Those successful deaf dancers think that dancing is an activity ________ sight matters more than hearing.A.when

B.whose

C.which

D.where 15.Last year the Browns moved to Toronto, ________ they had long dreamed of living in.A.where

B.which

C.in which

D.whose 16.When people talk about the cities in France, the first _________ comes into mind is Paris.A.one

B.which

C.that

D.what 17.Human facial expressions differ from those of animals in the degree _________ they can’t be controlled on purpose.A.with which

B.to which

C.of which

D.for which 18.Look out!Don’t get too close to the house ________ roof is under repair.A.whose

B.which

C.how

D./ 19.You’ll have to wait for one more week, _______ the manager will be back from his trip.A.before

B.when

C.as

D.until 20.Chan’s restaurant on Baker Street, ________ used to be poorly run, is now a successful business.A.that

B.which

C.who

D.where 21.He was educated at the local high school, _______ he went on to Beijing University.A.after which

B.after that

C.in which

D.in that 22.----Do you have anything to say for yourselves?

----Yes, there is one point _______ we must insist on.A.why

B.where

C.how

D./ 23.Women ________ drink more than two cups of coffee a day have a greater chance of having heart disease than those _________ don’t.A.who;/

B./;who

C.who;who

D./;/ 24._______ I explained on the phone, your advice will be considered at the next meeting.A.When

B.After

C.As

D.Since 25.Last month, part of Southeast Asia was struck by floods, from ________ effects the people are still suffering.A.that

B.whose

C.those

D.what 26.Do you still remember the chicken farm _________ we visited three months ago?

A.where

B.when

C.that

D.what

有的同学总是抱怨时间紧，根本没时间写作文。其实“写”的形式很多，不一定就写作文才提高写作能力。比如写下你一天中发生的一些重要的事情，或当天学了某一个词组，你可以创设一个语境恰如其份地用上这个词。这样即可帮你记住这个词的用法，又可以锻炼你的写作能力，比如学“wish”一词时，可写一小段如下： The teacher often asks us what we want to be in the future.My good friend Tom wishes to be a soldier.However,I'm different.I wish I were a teacher in the future.But my mother wishes me to be a doctor.口语是需要技巧的。光靠大胆自信还不够。关键是系统的方法。我是英语专业毕业的，英语八级，现在当翻译，在大学时去英语角，上课发言等都不管用，一度非常苦恼。后来发现口语练习需要系统的方法。建议你按照我的方法做。

买个口语软件，口语宝或者右脑王都不错。

1语音阶段，照软件的内容练，一天俩小时，最多一个月，语音可以过关。无论你的基础怎么样。切记一定要仔细认真模仿纠正模仿在模仿。

2篇章阶段，根据软件上的资料，句子，语音，语调，断句，停顿，高低，节奏，长短等等，越细越好，模仿，对比，模仿，纠正，再模仿。不求量只求质。同样一个月，明显可以提高。3电影阶段，看英语电影。每句话听五遍以上，看看能听懂几个单词。在看汉语五遍，看看能听懂几个词组，再看英语五遍以上。然后倒过来从英语字幕到汉语字幕到无字幕，五遍以上。冰河世纪这部影片够你看两个月，五分钟的影片可以看两小时以上。4与人交流。现在开始舍弃软件，自信大胆的与中国人，别管对错，把自己想说的说出来。与老外更好。记住耐心模仿，细心比较，持之以恒，反反复复，1,2个月以后你的口语一定很棒。

你是外企的白领要经常的说英语哦，这个很正常的哦，如果你要学英语口语的话，那么对如何学习英语口语我有一些经验了。我建议你可以跟我一样报个电话英语培训啊。现在的电话英语还很很好了，电话英语，只通过声音传递内容上课，所以要求学生要有更高的注意力，因此对提高听力有很大的帮助，同时在听他人说话的同时，自己也要开口说话，这种学习方式被认为是锻炼听力和口语的最佳方法，还有，电话英语最大的优势就是将上课内容全程录音可以供课后复习。而且时间安排可以在你的工作空余时间来学习英语口语哦，如何学习英语口语的必备条件—语言环境。口语是交流、是听和说。学习任何一种语言，首先要听懂，然后才学说话。口语不可以自学。学习英语口语必须进入英文语言环境。每天听的都是英文，也必须讲英文。中国学生为什么不会讲英文？因为中国的英文老师大部分不讲英文，用中文上英文课。学生在英文课上不讲英文，大部分还是讲中文。1 如何学好英语口语--学习英文口语最好是英文母语老师—即外教。英文为母语的老师，从小生活在英文的环境里。知道各种生活场景、生活内容的英文用语，并且他们的发音纯正，只有他们才可以教好口语。就像外国人要学中文，一定要请中国的老师。所有这里我向你推荐恩京电话英语培训学校，真是不错的，外教通过电话一对一教授日常口语，商务口语，雅思口语.面试英语，外贸口语,青少年英语等，每天回到家，晚上可以学10-20分钟，而且时间，外教都可以任选，均有指定教材，外教都是很有经验的老师，报名后每位学员在网站上都有专属学习地盘，每晚上课时外教会就你的问题当时提出纠正，上课后会在学员的学习地盘中留下当晚学习的详细评语和学员的进步情况分析，及第二天晚上上课讨论的建议。最重要的是，网站上有学员每晚学习的录音，学员可下载收听对照自己的学习；费用也特别实惠，我一个普通打工族就可以接受。随时随地和外教说英语，不错！2 学习英文还必须了解英文为主的西方文化。学习口语必须知道在什么场合，说什么话？怎么样说话是有礼貌的？什么是外国人忌讳的？就如同中文，从小父母就会教我们在什么场合要说你好、对不起。看见老人、叔叔、阿姨应当怎样称呼？在客人面前该问什么问题？不该说什么话？等等。因为我们的言语得体可以给别人留下良好的印象，不至于造成误会。3 学习口语必须大量地听说练习。我们从小中文是怎么学会的？是每天起床后就不断地听不断地说。每天至少12个小时在中文听说语言环境里。其他语言的学习也是同样的道理。不断地听，不断地说，随时纠正。学生只要在与外国人或学生之间讲英文，就是在学习。

我有啊，奉献给你一些啦，快快学习吧：

Do you have some time tomorrow? 明天有空吧? Yes, I do.有啊。

How about having lunch with me? 一起吃顿中饭怎样？ Good idea.好主意。

If you're free, how about lunch? 有空的话一起吃顿中饭如何？ When did you have in mind? 你想什么时候呢？ I was thinking about Thursday? 我看星期四怎样？ That will be fine with me.没问题。

I'm calling to see if you would like to have lunch tomorrow.我打电话给你，是想知道明天一起吃顿中饭怎样？ I'm sorry, but this week isn't very convenient for me.对不起，这个星期我都不方便。

Perhaps we van make it later.那么，也许改天吧。That would be better.好啊。

I'm calling to confirm our luncheon appointment.我打电话来，是想确定一下我们约好吃饭的事。

It's tomorrow at twelve o'clock, right? 是明天12点吧？ Yes, that's right.是的，没错。I'll be there.我会去的。

I'm sorry, but I have to cancel out luncheon appointment.真抱歉，不过我不得不取消我们午餐的约会。I'm sorry to hear that.真遗憾。

I have pressing business to attend to.我有紧急的事情要处理。

No problem.we'll make it later in the month.没关系，这个月改天再说吧。

一、多“说”。

自己多创造机会与英语教师多讲英语，见了同学，尤其是和好朋友在一起时尽量用英语去问候，谈心情……这时候你需随身携带一个英汉互译小词典，遇到生词时查一下这些生词，也不用刻意去记，用的多了，这个单词自然而然就会记住。千万别把学英语当成负担，始终把它当成一件有趣的事情去做。或许你有机会碰上外国人，你应大胆地上去跟他打招呼，和他谈天气、谈风景、谈学校……只是别问及他的年纪，婚史等私人问题。尽量用一些你学过的词汇，句子去和他谈天说地。不久你会发现与老外聊天要比你与中国人谈英语容易的多。因为他和你交谈时会用许多简单词汇，而且不太看重说法，你只要发音准确，准能顺利地交流下去。只是你必须要有信心，敢于表达自己的思想。

第二篇：定语从句的讲解及练习学习的啊学习的武器学习的武器

学英语简单吗？肯定会有许多学生说：“难死了”。

一、多“说”。

二、多“听”

三、多“读”。

四、多“写”

背英语单词技巧

1、循环记忆法

艾宾浩斯遗忘曲线

1.rigid/ stiff/ unchanged/ little change 僵硬的，一成不变的

2.significant/enormous/dramatic/tremendous/appreciably/remarkable/crucial/ 巨大的,明显的，程度大的/substantial

3.approximately 将近-nearly, almost

4.proportion/ percentage 比例

5.be involved(in)/ involve in/ involvement [n.] 涉及，卷入，参与

6.given/ considering , in regard to / despite/ although 有鉴于

考虑到，尽管

6.induce [v] 引入，引导，引诱/ inductive [n] 归纳 >< deduce /deductive推断

7.fortune/ destiny/ chances

8.deplete 开采完，耗尽/ exhaust –exhaust emission(尾气)排放/ exploit 9.complex 错综复杂的/ complicated/ sophisticated 老奸巨滑的，复杂的

10.capacity能力，容量/ competence（竞争）能力/ ability 能力（笼统的）

11.确保，保障：Secure-security/ ensure(insure)/ guarantee 押金

12.solely/ merely/ only

13.a vast array of 系列/ a great variety of 花样，品种/ a great rang 系列 of

14.pesticide 杀虫/ suicide 自杀/ homicide/ murder杀人

15.believe/ assume(responsibility)/ suppose

16.授权，委托：authorize/ commission 佣金/ entitle 头衔 + ment =right（权利）

17.purchase/ buy

18.ethnic 种族的/ ethic 伦理，道德的 + s =[n ]

19.modify/ change [v] shift work 轮班工作[n]

20.insight/knowledge/ learning/ understanding/ knowing

21.constrain拘泥，限制/ restrict 限制/ limit

22.circumstance 环境（社会）/ surroundings/ environment 环境（环保）背景 background 后台 / settings后台，布景/ context 上下文（文章中）

23.notorious 臭名昭著的/ flagrant臭的>

24.移民：immigrant(进来)/ emigrant(出去)/migrant

25.兴旺，繁荣；prosperous/ thriving/ booming（人口，行业）/flourishing

26.神圣的：divine/ heavenly/ holy/ sacred

27.有毒的：poisonous/ toxic(in-, non-无毒的)

28.致命的：deadly/ fatal/ lethal/ mortal

29.类似于：look like/ resemble

30.chronic长期的,慢性的— long-term 长期的

31.网恋：virtual love/ cyber love

32.网友：on-line /net/ cyber friend 上网（聊天）chat on line/ go on-line cyber café/网吧

33.evolve-evolution 进化/ revolute-revolution 革命，旋转/ involve-involution 卷入，涉及

34.indicator/ predictor 表示诠释，预测

35.indicate/ demonstrate/ display/exhibit/betray

36.therapist /expert/ specialist

37.优点，长处，美德：advantage/ merit/ virtue/ length

38.commonest/ frequent

39.未开发的，初级的：rudimentary/ underdeveloped

40.退化：degenerate/-tion [n]->generate 生产，制造/ degrade->grade 等级/ deteriorate 恶化，每况愈下

41.分类：category-categorize/ class-classify

42.consequence后果->影响/ subsequence紧跟其后/ sequence=order秩序/ frequency频率

43.clash 冲突（民族，种族）/crash 飞机坠毁

44.substitution=> substitute sth for sb /replace

45.alternative=> 选择性，代替性，辅助性

46.孤立：isolate/ alienate/insulate隔绝，排外，孤立->be alien to/insulate(-ior)绝缘，隔热（体）

47．缺点，不足之处：defect/ flaw/ failing/ disadvantage /drawback

48.创新的，发明的，新颖的，创新的：inventive(-tion)/ innovative(-tion)/ creative(-tion)/ ingenious(ity)/novel(-ty)=>[n]/creative/revolutionary

易错拼写：environment/ convenient

49．neutral 中立的，中性的 /negative 否定，消极，阴性的 /positive 肯定，积极，阳性的

50．ambiguous->ambiguity 模棱两可的，暧昧的/obscure

51.communicate 沟通，传达，通报

52.accommodate 1供...食宿，2=adapt to 适应，调整，3=hold 容纳，4使…停靠

53.commitment 1 ~ to sth 奉献 2 责任,义务

54．contribute to 导致 ~ result in /account for(占据)导致

54.缺乏的，不足的：inadequate/ insufficient/ deficient/lack(of)/ short(of)

55.强调：emphasize/ stress/ highlight/ focus on/ concentrate on

英语作文常用谚语、俗语

1、A liar is not believed when he speaks the truth.说谎者即使讲真话也没人相信。

2、A little knowledge is a dangerous thing.一知半解，自欺欺人。

3、All rivers run into sea.海纳百川。

4、All roads lead to Rome.条条大路通罗马。

5、All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.只会用功不玩耍，聪明孩子也变傻。

6、A bad beginning makes a bad ending.不善始者不善终。

7、Actions speak louder than words.事实胜于雄辩。

8、A faithful friend is hard to find.知音难觅。

9、A friend in need is a friend indeed.患难见真情。

10、A friend is easier lost than found.得朋友难，失朋友易。

11、A good beginning is half done.良好的开端是成功的一半。

12、A good beginning makes a good ending.善始者善终。

13、A good book is a good friend.好书如挚友。

14、A good medicine tastes bitter.良药苦口。

15、A mother's love never changes.母爱永恒。

16、An apple a day keeps the doctor away.一天一苹果，不用请医生。

17、A single flower does not make a spring.一花独放不是春，百花齐放春满园。

18、A year's plan starts with spring.一年之计在于春。

19、A young idler, an old beggar.少壮不努力，老大徒伤悲。

20、Better late than never.不怕慢，单怕站。

21、By reading we enrich the mind.读书使人充实，22、Care and diligence bring luck.谨慎和勤奋才能抓住机遇。

23、Confidence in yourself is the first step on the road to success.自信是走向成功的第一步。

24、Custom is a second nature.习惯是后天养成的。

25、Custom makes all things easy.有个好习惯，事事皆不难。

26、Doing is better than saying.与其挂在嘴上，不如落实在行动上。

27、Do nothing by halves.凡事不可半途而废。

28、Don't put off till tomorrow what should be done today.今日事，今日毕。

29、Don't trouble trouble until trouble troubles you.不要自找麻烦。

30、Early to bed and early to rise makes a man healthy, wealthy and wise.早睡早起身体好。

31、Easier said than done.说得容易，做得难。

32、Easy come, easy go.来也匆匆，去也匆匆。

33、Eat to live, but not live to eat.人吃饭是为了活着，但活着不是为了吃饭。

34、Every man has his faults.金无足赤，人无完人。

35、Every man is the architect of his own fortune.自己的命运自己掌握。

36、Every minute counts.分秒必争。

37、Each coin has two sides.38、Fact speak louder than words.事实胜于雄辩。

39、Failure is the mother of success.失败是成功之母。

40、God helps those who help themselves.自助者天助。

41、Health is better than wealth.健康胜过财富。

42、Honesty is the best policy.做人诚信为本。

43、Hope for the best, but prepare for the worst.抱最好的愿望，做最坏的打算。

44、It is never too old to learn.活到老，学到老。

45、Knowledge is power.知识就是力量

46、Like mother, like daughter.有其母必有其女。

47、No pain，no gain.（不劳无获。）

48、You never know till you have tried.不尝试，不知晓。

49、An idle youth, a needy age.少壮不努力，老大徒伤悲。50、Diligence is the mother of success.勤奋是成功之母。

51、Early to bed, early to rise, makes a man healthy, wealthy

and wise.早睡早起，使人健康、52、Experience is the best teacher.经验是最好的教师。

53、Nothing in the world is difficult if you set

富裕和聪颖。

54、Where there's a will, there's a way.有志者事竟成。

55、Practice makes perfect ．（熟能生巧。）

56、Pride goes before a fall．（骄傲必败。）

定语从句（Attributive Clauses）在句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词，被修饰的名词，词组或代词即先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引出。

关系代词有：who, whom, whose, that, which等。

关系副词有：when, where, why等。

（1）关系代词引导的定语从句

关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词，并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。

① who, whom, that 这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词，在从句中所起作用如下：

Is he the man who/that wants to see you? 他就是想见你的人吗？（who / that在从句中作主语）He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday.他就是我昨天见的那个人。（whom/that在从句中作宾语）

② whose 用来指人或物，（只用作定语，若指物，它还可以同of which互换），例如： They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down.那人车坏了，大家都跑过去帮忙。

Please pass me the book whose（of which）cover is green.请递给我那本绿皮的书。

③ which, that

它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等，例如： A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside.农村出现了前所未有的繁荣。（which / that在从句中作主语）The package（which / that）you are carrying is about to come unwrapped.你拿的包快散了。（which / that在从句中作宾语）

（2）关系副词引导的定语从句

关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词，在从句中作状语。

① when, where, why 关系副词when, where, why的含义相当于―介词+ which‖结构，因此常常和―介词+ which‖结构交替使用，例如：

There are occasions when（on which）one must yield.任何人都有不得不屈服的时候。

Beijing is the place where（in which）I was born.北京是我的出生地。Is this the reason why（for which）he refused our offer?

这就是他拒绝我们帮助他的理由吗？

② that代替关系副词

that可以用于表示时间、地点、方式、理由的名词后取代when, where, why和―介词+ which‖引导的定语从句，在口语中that常被省略，例如：

His father died the year（that / when / in which）he was born.他父亲在他出生那年逝世了。

He is unlikely to find the place（that / where / in which）he lived forty years ago.他不大可能找到他四十年前居住过的地方。

（3）判断关系代词与关系副词

方法一：用关系代词，还是关系副词完全取决于从句中的谓语动词。及物动词后面无宾语，就必须要求用关系代词；而不及物动词则要求用关系副词。例如： This is the mountain village where I stayed last year.I'll never forget the days when I worked together with you.判断改错。（错）This is the mountain village where I visited last year.（错）I will never forget the days when I spent in the countryside.（对）This is the mountain village（which）I visited last year.（对）I'll never forget the days（which）I spent in the countryside.习惯上总把表地点或时间的名词与关系副词 where，when联系在一起。此两题错在关系词的误用上。

方法二：准确判断先行词在定语从句中的成分（主、谓、宾、定、状），也能正确选择出关系代词/关系副词。

例1：Is this museum _____ you visited a few days ago? A.where B.that

C.on which

D.the one 例2：Is this the museum _____ the exhibition was held.A.where

B.that

C.on which

D.the one 答案：例1.D；例2.A 例1变为肯定句：

This museum is _____ you visited a few days ago.例2变为肯定句：

This is the museum _____ the exhibition was held.在句1中，所缺部分为宾语，而where, that, on which都不能起到宾语的作用，只有the one既做了主句的表语，又可做从句的宾语，可以省略关系代词，所以应选D。

而句2中，主、谓、宾俱全，从句部分为句子的状语表地点，既可用副词where，又因 in the museum 词组，可用介词in + which 引导地点状语。而此题中，介词on 用的不对，所以选A。

关系词的选择依据在从句中所做的成分，先行词在从句中做主、定、宾语时，选择关系代词（who, whom, that, which, whose）；先行词在从句中做状语时，应选择关系副词（where 地点状语，when 时间状语，why 原因状语）。

（4）限制性和非限制性定语从句 ① 定语从句有限制性和非限制性两种。限制性定语从句是先行词不可缺少的部分，去掉它主句意思往往不明确；非限制性定语从句是先行词的附加说明，去掉了也不会影响主句的意思，它与主句之间通常用逗号分开，例如： This is the house which we bought last month.这是我们上个月买的那幢房子。（限制性）The house, which we bought last month, is very nice.这幢房子很漂亮，是我们上个月买的。（非限制性）

② 当先行词是专有名词或物主代词和指示代词所修饰时，其后的定语从句通常是非限制性的，例如：

Charles Smith, who was my former teacher, retired last year.查理·史密斯去年退休了，他曾经是我的老师。

My house, which I bought last year, has got a lovely garden.我去年买的那幢房子带着个漂亮的花园。

This novel, which I have read three times, is very touching.这本小说很动人，我已经读了三遍。

③ 非限制性定语从句还能将整个主句作为先行词, 对其进行修饰, 这时从句谓语动词

要用第三人称单数，例如：

He seems not to have grasped what I meant, which greatly upsets me.他似乎没抓住我的意思，这使我心烦。

Liquid water changes to vapor, which is called evaporation.液态水变为蒸汽，这就叫做蒸发。

说明：关系代词that和关系副词why不能引导非限制性定语从句。

（5）介词+关系词

① 介词后面的关系词不能省略。

② that前不能有介词。③ 某些在从句中充当时间，地点或原因状语的―介词+关系词‖结构可以同关系副词 when 和where 互换。

This is the house in which I lived two years ago.This is the house where I lived two years ago.Do you remember the day on which you joined our club? Do you remember the day when you joined our club?（6）as, which 非限定性定语从句

由as, which 引导的非限定性定语从句，as和which可代整个主句，相当于and this或and that。As一般放在句首，which在句中。

As we know, smoking is harmful to one's health.The sun heats the earth, which is very important to us.as 的用法

例1：the same… as；such…as是一种固定结构，和……一样……。I have got into the same trouble as he（has）.例2：as可引导非限制性从句，常译为‗正如'之意。As we know, smoking is harmful to one's health.As is known, smoking is harmful to one's health.as是关系代词。第1句中的as作know的宾语；第2句中，它充当从句的主语，谓语动词know要用被动式。

（7）关系代词that 的用法

① 不用that的情况

a.在引导非限定性定语从句时。

（错）The tree, that is four hundred years old, is very famous here.b.介词后不能用。We depend on the land from which we get our food.We depend on the land that/which we get our food from.② 只能用that作为定语从句的关系代词的情况 a.在there be 句型中，只用that，不用which。

b.在不定代词，如：anything, nothing, the one, all, much, few, any, little等作先行词时，只用that，不用which。

c.先行词有the only, the very修饰时，只用that。

d.先行词为序数词、数词、形容词最高级时，只用that。e.先行词既有人，又有物时。

举例：

All that is needed is a supply of oil.所需的只是供油问题。

Finally, the thief handed everything that he had stolen to the police.那贼最终把偷的全部东西交给了警察。典型例题

1.Alice received an invitation from her boss, _____ came as a surprise.A.it

B.that C.which

D.he 答案：C

解析：此为非限定性从句，不能用that修饰，而用which，it和he 都使后句成为句子，两个独立的句子不能单以逗号连接。况且选he句意不通。

2.The weather turned out to be very good, _____ was more than we could expect.A.what B.which

C.that

D.it 答案：B 解析：which可代替句子，用于非限定性定语从句，而what不可。That 不能用于非限定性定语从句，it不为连词，使由逗号连接的两个句子并在一起在英语语法上行不通。3.It rained hard yesterday, _____ prevented me from going to the park..A.that

B.which

C.as

D.it 答案：B 解析：as 和which在引导非限制性定语从句时，这两个关系代词都指主句所表达的整个意思，且在定语从句中都可以作主语和宾语。但不同之处主要有两点：

（1）as 引导的定语从句可置于句首，而 which不可。

（2）as 代表前面的整个主句并在从句中作主语时，从句中的谓语必须是系动词；若为行为动词，则从句中的关系代词只能用which。在本题中，prevent由于是行为动词，所以正确选项应为B。模拟试题 Ⅰ、选择填空

1.His parents wouldn't let him marry anyone ______ family was poor.A.of whom

B.whom C.of whose

D.whose

2.She heard a terrible noise, ______brought her heart into her mouth.A.it

B.which C.this

D.that

3.In the dark street , there wasn't a single person _____ she could turn for help.A.that

B.who

C.from who

D.to whom

4.The weather turned out to be very good , _____ was more than we could expect.A.what B.which

C.that

D.it

5.After living in Pairs for fifty years he returned to the small town _____ he grew up as a child.A.which

B.where

C.that

D.when

6.Carol said the work would be done by October.personally I doubt very much.A.it

B.that

C.when

D.which

7.Dorothy was always speaking highly of her role in the play, _____,of course , made the others unhappy.A.who

B.which

C.this

D.what

8.Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase , _____ was very reasonable.A.which price

B.the price of which C.its price

D.the price of whose 9._____ has already been pointed out , grammar is not a set of dead rules.A.As

B.It

C.That

D.Which

10.He lived in London for 3 months , during _____ time he learned some English.A.this

B.which

C.that

D.same 11.On the wall hung a picture, _____ color is blue.A.whose

B.of which

C.which

D.its 12.Whenever I met him , _____ was fairly often, I like his sweet and hopeful smile.A.what

B.which

C.that

D.when 13.The visitor asked the guide to take his picture _____ stands the famous tower.A.that

B.where

C.which

D.there 14.The boss _____ department Ms King worked ten years ago looked down upon women.A.in which

B.in that

C.in whose

D.whose 15.I don't like _____ you speak to her.A.the way

B.the way in that C.the way which

D.the way of which 16.I had neither a raincoat nor an umbrella.______ I got wet through.A.It's the reason

B.That's why C.There's why

D.It's how 17.He made another wonderful discovery , _____ of great importance to science.A.which I think is

B.which I think it is C.which I think it

D.I think which is 18.He was very rude to the customs officer, _____ of course made things even worse.A.who

B.whom

C.what

D.which

Ⅱ、实战练习

A）填空：选择正确的关系代词填入题目中的空白处。

1.This is the comrade __________ will go to the south with us tomorrow.2.Who's the student __________ the teacher is talking with?

3.I like the present __________ you've sent to me.4.The nurse __________ we talked about can speak English well.5.This is the most difficult job __________ we've ever done.6.This is the cleverest man __________ I've ever known.7.I bought all __________ was necessary.8.The old gentleman __________ you met just now is a famous writer.9.The girl to __________ I lent my bike works in a hospital.10.All __________ come are welcome.11.This is the girl __________ songs you heard last night.12.She was the brave girl __________ name is known to everybody here.13.Thank you for the help __________ you've done for me.14.This radio set __________ we have had for two years is a good one.15.The next question __________ I found difficult to answer was put to me by Mary.B）将下列句子合并成带有定语从句的复合句

16.He is the young writer.He wrote the book.17.Do you know the doctor?

He comes here once a month and examines the workers.18.The foreign guest is Mr.Green.You saw him at the school gate.19.He is the new head.I was talking about him this morning.20.I've received the book.Father sent it to me.21.The factory has got one success after another.We visited the factory last week.22.What's the name of the girl?

Her grandpa took part in the Long March.23.The man looks like the actor.I've heard his songs on TV.24.This letter is from my elder brother.He serves in the army.25.Do you see the bridge?

It was built last year.C）单项填空：从A、B、C、D中选出可以填入空白处的正确答案。

26.Those _____ not only from books but also through practice will succeed.A.learn

B.who

C.that

D.who learn

27.Anyone _____ this opinion may speak out.A.that againsts

B.that against

C.who is against

D.who are against

28.Mr.Smith is one of the foreign experts who _____ in China.A.works

B.is working

C.are working

D.has been working

29.Didn't you see the man _____?

A.I nodded just now

B.whom I nodded just now

C.I nodded to him just now

D.I nodded to just now

30.Have you seen the girl _____?

A.that I told

B.I told you of

C.whom I told you

D.I told you of him

31.In the dark street, there wasn't a single person _____ she could turn for help.A.that

B.who

C.from whom

D.to whom

32.Can you lend me the novel _____ the other day?

A.that you talked

B.you talked about it

C.which you talked with

D.you talked about

33.The matter _____ you were arguing about last night has been settled.A.that

B.what

C.why

D.for which

34.They talked for about an hour of things and persons _____ they remembered in the school.A.which

B.that

C.who

D.whom

35.Who _____ has common sense will do such a thing?

A.which

B.who

C.whom

D.that

36.All the apples _____ fell down were eaten by the pigs.A.that

B.those

C.which

D.what

37.I'll tell you _____ he told me last week.A.all which

B.what all

C.that all

D.all

38.This is the biggest laboratory _____ we have ever built in our school.A.which

B.what

C.where

D./

39.Is oxygen the only gas _____ helps fire burn?

A.that

B./

C.which

D.it

40.Is there anything _____ to you?

A.that is belonged

B.that belongs

C.that belong

D.which belongs

41.His parents wouldn't let him marry anyone _____ family was poor.A.that

B.which

C.who's

D.whose

42.Please pass me the dictionary _____ cover is black.A.which

B.which of

C.its

D.whose

43.He is the only one of the boys who _____ the piano well.A.plays

B.play

C.playing

D.are playing

44.He asked me _____ I needed.A.that

B.which

C.what

D./

45.That scientist _____ work is successful has been made a model worker.A.which

B.who

C.who's

D.whose 参考答案： Ⅰ、1—5 DBDBB

6—10 DBCAB

11—15 ABBCA 16—18 BAD Ⅱ、A）

1.who/that 2.that 3.that/which 4.whom(who)/that

5.that

6.that

7.that

8.whom(who)/that

9.whom

10.that 11.whose

12.whose

13.which/that

14.which/that

15.that B）

16.He is the young writer who wrote the book.17.Do you know the doctor who comes here once a month and examines the workers?

18.The foreign guest whom you see at the school gate is Mr.Green.19.He is the new head whom I was talking about this morning.20.I've received the book which father sent to me.21.The factory which we visited last week has got one success after another.22.What is the name of the girl whose grandpa took part in the Long March?

23.The man looks like the actor whose songs I've heard on TV.24.This letter is from my elder brother who serves in the army.25.Do you see the bridge which was built last year? C）

26—30 DCCDB 31—35 DDABD 36—40 ADDAB 41—45 DDACD 26.D.定语从句中who指人在从句中为主语，且要用动词learn。

27.C.先行词为anyone是单数名词，所以用单数的谓语动词。

28.C.experts是先行词为复数的形式，所以从句的谓语动词应该为复数的形式。

29.D.nod是不及物动词，所以应该用nod to表示朝某人点头，由于关系代词在从句中充当介词的宾语，所以可以省略。

30.B.tell sb.of sth.表示和某人提起某事，不是告诉某人什么事，由于关系代词在从句中充当介词的宾语，所以可以省略。

31.D.turn to sb.for help表示向某人寻求帮助。从句的介词提前，所以to后面要加上关系代词whom.32.D.talk about表示谈论某事，所以应该是D。B中从句的代词it应该省略，因为关系代词在从句中充当了成分。

33.A.从句中缺argue about的宾语，指物，只能选that。

34.B.先行词既有人又有物，所以用that。

35.D.who引导的疑问句中，定语从句要用that来引导避免重复。

36.A.先行词用all来修饰所以我们应该用that来引导。

37.D.all 是先行词所以应该用that, 但是在从句中当宾语，所以选D。

38.D.laboratory前面有 the biggest的最高级修饰，所以应该用that来引导。当然也可以省略。

39.A.先行词前面用the only来修饰所以应该用that来引导。

40.B.anything为先行词是不定代词所以应该用that 来引导。而且belong是第三人称的主动语态形式。

41.D.whose在从句中充当定语，指的是anyone's family was poor.42.D.whose在从句中充当定语，指的是the dictionary's cover.43.A.本句的先行词是the only one，而不是the boys,所以谓语动词应该用单数形式。

44.C.本句不是定语从句而是用what引导的宾语从句，充当ask sb.sth.的双宾语结构。

45.D.whose在从句中充当定语，指的是that scientist's work is successful

定语从句专题

编稿：贾巍

审稿：周可勇

责编：夏芳莲

一、什么是定语从句？

定语从句（Attributive Clauses）在句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词，被修饰的名词,词组或代词即先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引出。

关系代词有：who, whom, whose, that, which等。

关系副词有：when, where, why等。

初中阶段我们仅仅要求学生能够认识，并且正确翻译由关系代词that, which, who等引导的定语从句。请观察下面的句子：

This is the mountain village which I visited last year.在这句话中，mountain village为先行词，which为关系代词，关系代词其实就是先行词的化身，它在从句中充当主语或者宾语。所以以上的句子可以被翻译成：

这是我去年访问过的山村。

这句话的主干是―This is the mountain village.‖这是那个小山村。

从句部分是 ―which I visited last year‖，看上去这句话是缺少宾语的，实际上关系代词which就是宾语，它既是从句的引导词，又是宾语。

请看下面的句子：

He is the person who helped me with my homework last week.翻译成：

他是上周帮助我做功课的那个人。

主句部分是―He is the person‖

从句部分是―who helped me with my homework last week‖

看上去，这个从句是缺少主语的，实际上，从句的主语就是who，他跟在先行词后面，代表先行词，在从句中充当主语。

二、关系代词：that, which, who.1.首先：在定语从句中所有的关系代词和关系副词都是先行词的化身，在翻译的时候，不参照他们本身疑问副词，疑问代词的意思，如：

I am looking for the photos which you took in Australia.我正在找你在澳大利亚拍的照片。

这里的which代表照片，并不翻译成―哪一个‖，再如

He is the photographer who won the photo competition last time.他就是那个赢得上次摄影比赛冠军的摄影师。

这里的who代表photographer，也不翻译成―谁‖

2.其次：（1）who前面的先行词一定是人物：

I got some great shots of the boy who plays the guitar on the left.我给左边弹吉他的男孩照了一些不错的相片。

这里的先行词是the boy，是人，所以关系代词用who，当然用that也可以

（2）which 前面的先行词一定是事物：

It is a band which gets everyone dancing.这是一支能让每个人都舞动起来的乐队。

这句话的先行词是a band，不是人，是乐队，所以用which,也可以用that.（3）that前面的先行词既可以是人，也可以是物.注意：这并不代表that是万能的关系代词，到高中的时候我们就会学到，在某些定语从句，尤其是非限定性定语从句中，我们是不能使用that的，但是我们在初中阶段并不要求。

3.定语从句关系代词的省略：

与许多其它从句一样，定语从句的引导词 – 关系代词也是可以省略的，但是省略是需要条件的，就是当关系代词在从句中充当宾语的时候，关系代词可以省略。

重点有两个：第一就是从句中，所以我们要分清什么是主句，什么是从句，如：

I'll never forget the days which I spent in the countryside.我永远都忘不了我在乡下的日子。

在这句话里，I will never forget the days.是主句，which I spent in the countryside是从句，再看：

Please show me the book which you bought yesterday.请给我看一眼你昨天买的书。

在这句话里面，Please show me the book是主句，which you bought yesterday是从句。

第二个重点就是充当宾语：

He is the person who talked to me last time.他是上次和我说话的那个人。

在这句话中，关系代词who作为the person的化身，在从句中充当主语。

He is the person who I met last time.他是我上次遇见的那个人。

在这句话中，关系代词who作为the person的化身在从句中充当宾语，这个who可以省略。

判断关系代词充当主语还是宾语可以看它后面是否紧跟谓语动词，如果紧跟谓语动词（如第一句），则关系代词为主语，不能省略；若反之，其后没有紧跟谓语动词，而是名词（从句的主语），则关系代词在从句中作宾语，可以省略关系代词。

三、定语从句与宾语从句的区别：

顾名思义，定语从句是从句充当定语的复合句，宾语从句是从句充当宾语的复合句，二者迥然不同，但是在使用中，同学们总是容易混淆这两个句型。请从以下几点区分：

（1）通过从句的位置：定语从句的位置在名词代词的后面（先行词一般是由名词或者代词充当的）。宾语从句的位置一般在动词或者介词短语之后，因为宾语一般都在动词或者介词短语之后。

请判断下面句子是定语从句还是宾语从句：

I don‘t know what you are talking about.He is angry with what you said.The tall boy who you met just now is my brother.经过判断，前两句是宾语从句，第三句是定语从句。

（2）通过引导词：定语从句的关系代词只有that, who, which, whom,whose关系副词也只有when, where, why，所以如果有的句子是whether, if, how, what等词引导的，肯定不是定语从句。

（3）通过从句的成分：都是that引导的从句，宾语从句和定语从句也有的区别，我们可以通过that在从句中充当的句子成分判断，如：

I know that you are right.我知道你是对的。

这是一个宾语从句，that 引导的宾语从句，that只是连接词，不充当任何成分，所以that后面的句子you are right是一个主语谓语完全的句子。

He is the person that I am looking for.这是一个定语从句，that在从句中充当look for的宾语，所以看上去look for是没有宾语的。

四、练习题：

1.This is the bag _____ my mother bought yesterday.A.that

B.who

C.whom

D.this

2.The man _____ lives next to us is my English teacher.A.whom

B.which

C.who

D./

3.The girl _____ you saw in the street is Mary.A.that

B.whose

C.which

D.as

4.Is this the factory _____ a lot of students visited yesterday?

A.the one

B.which

C.who

D.whom

5.Is this factory _____ a lot of students visited yesterday?

A.the one

B.that

C.which

D./

6.The only language _____ is easy to learn is the mother tongue.A.which

B.that

C./

D.it

7.The girl handed everything _____ she had picked up in the street to the police.A.which

B.in which

C.that

D.all

8._____ cleans the blackboard should be praised.A.That

B.Who

C.The one who

D.The students who

9.Please show me the book _____ you bought yesterday.A.which

B.whom

C.whose

D.this

10.This is the best book _____ I have been looking for all this year.A.who

B.whom

C.which

D./

Keys: 1~5 A C A B A

6~10 B C C

初三年级词汇（3）

（一）请写出下面各个动词的过去式,过去分词,现在分词,第三人称单数以及中文形式.（0.2* 12 = 24）

Eg.expect expected expected expecting expects 期望

fall ________ ________ _______ _________ _______

feed ________ ________ _______ _________ _______

feel ________ ________ _______ _________ _______

fight ________ ________ _______ _________ _______

find ________ ________ _______ _________ _______

fly

________ ________ _______ _________ _______

forget ________ ________ _______ _________ _______

freeze ________ ________ _______ _________ _______

give ________ ________ _______ _________ _______

get

________ ________ _______ _________ _______

grow ________ ________ _______ _________ _______

hang ________ ________ _______ _________ _______

have ________ ________ _______ _________ _______

hear

________ ________ _______ _________ _______

hide ________ ________ _______ _________ _______

hit

________ ________ _______ _________ _______

hold

________ ________ _______ _________ _______

hurt ________ ________ _______ _________ _______

guess ________ ________ ________ ________ _______

(二)写出下面单词的复数形式并且翻译中文.1.foot _______ _______

3.gentleman _________ _______

2.goose _______ ______

4.grandchild _________ ________

(三)写出下面单词的比较级和最高级形式以及中文意思.1.far

__________ ____________ ____________

2.good

__________ ____________ ____________

3.hot

__________ ____________ ____________

4.healthy __________ ____________ ___________

初三语法：定语从句

撰稿：胡欲晓

审稿：周克勇

责编：牛新阁

知识讲解

一、定语从句的功用和结构

在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。被定语从句修饰的词叫做先行词。定语从句必须放在先行词之后。引导定语从句的关联词有关系代词和关系副词。例如：

This is the present that he gave me for my birthday.Do you know everybody who came to the party? I still remember the night when I first came to the village?

This is the place where Chairman Mao once lived.二、各个关系代词和关系副词的具体用法1.who 指人，在定语从句中作主语。例如：

The person who broke the window must pay for it.The boy who is wearing the black jacket is very clever.2.whom指人，在定语从句中作宾语。例如：

Do you know the young man(whom)we met at the gate？

Mr Lee(whom)you want to see has come.3.whose 指人，在定语从句中作定语。例如：

The girl whose mother is ill is staying at home today.I know the boy whose father is a professor.4.which指物，在定语从中作主语或宾语。例如：

A dictionary is a book which gives the meaning of words.Here is the book(which)the teacher mentioned yesterday.5.that多指物，有时也指人，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。例如：

I’ve read the newspaper that(which)carries the important news.Who is the person that is reading the newspaper over there?

6.when 指时间，在定语从句中作状语。例如：

I’ll never forget the time when we worked on the farm.He arrived in Beijing on the day when I left.7.where 指地点，在定语从句中作状语。例如：

This is the house where we lived last year.The factory where his father works is in the east of the city.三、关系代词和关系副词的功用

关系代词和关系副词用来引导定语从句，在先行词和定语从句之间起纽带作用，使二者联系起来。关系代词和关系副词又在定语从句中充当一个成分。关系代词做主语，宾语，定语，关系副词可作状语。

1.作主语：

关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句的谓语动词的人称和数须和先行词一致。例如：

I don’t like people who talk much but do little.The cars which are produced in Hubei Province sell very well.2.作宾语：

She is the person that I met at the school gate yesterday.The book that my grandmother gave me is called “The Great Escape”.3.作定语

关系代词whose在定语从句中作定语用。例如：

What’s the name of the young man whose sister is a doctor?

The girl whose father is a teacher studies very hard.4.作状语

I’ll never forget the day when I first came to Beijing.This is the house where I was born.四、具体使用时还要注意下列问题：

1.只能使用that,不用which 的情况：

(1)先行词是all, few, little, nothing, everything, anything 等不定代词时。例如：

All that he said is true.(2)如果先行词被形容词最高级以及first, last, any, only, few, much, no, some, very等词修

饰，关系代词常用that,不用which。例如：

He is the only foreigner that has been to that place.(3)先行词是序数词或被序数词修饰的词。例如：

He was the second(person)that told me the secret.(4)先行词是形容词最高级或被形容词最高级修饰的词。

This is the best book(that)I have read this year.(5)先行词既包括人又包括物时。例如：

He talked about the people and the things that he remembered.2.只能用which，不用that 的情况：

(1)在非限制性定语从中。例如：

The meeting was put off, which was exactly what we wanted.(2)定语从句由介词+关系代词引导，先行词是物时。例如：

The thing about which he is talking is of great importance.(3)which还有一种特殊用法，它可以引导从句修饰前面的整个主句，代替主句所表示的整体概念或部

分概念。在这种从句中，which可以作主语，也可以作宾语或表语，多数情况下意思是与and this

相似，并可以指人。例如：

He succeeded in the competition, which made his parents very happy.3.介词与关系代词：

关系代词 whom，which 在定语从句中作介词宾语时，可以和介词一起放于先行词与定语从句之间，有时为了关系紧凑也可以将 whom 与 which 与先行词紧挨着书写，而将介词置于定语从句的后面，如：

That was the room in which we had lived for ten years.= That was the room which we had lived in for ten years.[边讲边练]

（一）用关系代词或关系副词将下列每对句子连成一个复合句。

1.The boy is my younger brother.He was here a minute ago.2.The old man is a professor.He teaches chemistry in a college.3.Beijing Hotel is near Tian An Men Square.The foreign visitors live there.4.The woman is here now.You were talking about her.5.This is the hall.We listened to the report in it the other day.6.The car was going 90 miles an hour.The car just passed us.7.The man was my uncle.The man waved to us.8.I enjoyed reading the book.You gave me a book last week.9.I prefer the subject.The subject is science.10.I spoke to the man.The man is a professor.（二）用适当的关系代词或关系副词填空

1.The house _______ we live in is very big.2.The boy ______ is wearing the black jacket is very clever.3.This is the present _____ he gave me for my birthday.4.The man _______ talked to you just now is an engineer.5.He talked about the teachers and schools _______ he had visited.6.There is nothing in the world _______ can frighten him.7.She wears a gold ring, _______ is very uncommon in our class.8.We visited a factory _______ makes toys for children.9.Is this the place _______ your father once lived?

10.I’ll never forget the days _______ I joined the League.[随堂测试]

一、单项填空

1.---Who is the man _______ was talking to our English teacher?

---Oh!It’s Mr Baker, our maths teacher.A.he

B.that

C.whom

D.which

2.I hate the people ________ don’t help others when they are in trouble.A.who

B.which

C.they

D.where

3.The foreigner _________ visited our school is from Canada.A.which

B.when

C.who

D.whom

4.George Mallory was an English school teacher _______ loved climbing.A.who

B.whom

C.he

D.which

5.This is the place _____I have ever visited.A.there

B.when

C.where

D.which

6.Nobody knows the reason ______ she didn’t come to the meeting.A.that

B.which

C.why

D.when

7.The moon is a world ______ there is no life.A.that

B.which

C.where

D.why

8.He has forgotten the day _______ he arrived.A.when

B.where

C.that

D.which

9.He still remembers the days ______ he spent with your family.A.when

B.where

C.that

D.on which

10.Mr.White, ______ car had been stolen, came to the policeman.A.who

B.that

C.whose

D.which

11.He got to the village _______ his family once lived before liberation.A.that

B.which

C.when

D.where

12.This is the house _______ I want to buy.A.in which

B.that

C.whose

D.where

13.This is the house _______ our beloved Premier Zhou once lived and worked.A.which

B.that

C.when

D.where

14.He didn’t tell me the place _______ he was born.A.that

B.which

C.when

D.where

15.He lived in a small village, ______ was a long way from the railway station.A.that

B.which

C.where

D.when

16.I work in a business ________ almost everyone is waiting for a great chance.A.how

B.which

C.where

D.that

17.Helen was much kinder to her youngest son than to the others, ________, of course，made the others envy him.A.who

B.that

C.what

D.which

18.American women usually identify their best friend as someone ________ they can talk

frequently.A.who

B.as

C.about which

D.with whom

19.The film brought the hours back to me ________ I was taken good care of in that far-

away village.A.until

B.that

C.when

D.where

20.The famous scientist grew up________ he was born and in 1930 he came to Shanghai.A.when

B.whenever

C.where

D.wherever

21.A story goes ________ Elizabeth I of England liked nothing more than being surrounded

by clever and qualified noblemen at court.A.when

B.where

C.what

D.that

22.The Parkers bought a new house but ________ will need a lot of work before they can

move in.A.they

B.it

C.one

D.which

23.Is this factory ______ you worked at?

A.the one

B.which

C.that

D.where

24.Is this the factory _______ you worked?

A.where

B.which

C.that

D.the one

25.---Does the teacher know everybody _______ planted the trees?

---Yes, he does.A.which

B.whose

C.where

D.who

26.The letter _______ I received from him yesterday is very important.A.who

B.where

C.what

D.that

27.---Where is the scientist ________ gave us the talk yesterday?

---He has gone back to Qinghua University.A.whom

B.who

C.whose

D.which

28.I hate people _______ talk much but do little.A.whose

B.whom

C.which

D.who

29.Do you know a boy ______ sister is a nurse in a hospital?

A.who

B.that

C.whom

D.whose

30.Is there a shop near here______ we can buy vegetables and fruits?

A.which

B.when

C.who

D.where

二、填入适当的关系代词或关系副词完成下列句子

1.The boys________ are playing football are from Class One.2.Those ______ want to go to the museum must be at the school gate at 7 tomorrow.3.Mr Liu is the person ________ you talked about on the bus.4.The professor ________ you are waiting for has come.5.Football is a game _______is liked by most boys.6.He likes to read books ________ are written by foreign writers.7.This is the pen _______ he bought yesterday.8.We’ll go to hear the famous singer _______ we have often talked.9.Where is the man _________ I saw this morning?

10.The season_________ comes after spring is summer.11.I visited a scientist ________ name is known all over the country.12.He has a friend ______ father is a doctor.13.I once lived in the house _____ roof has fallen in.14.I still remember the day _____ I first came to this school.15.The time _______ we got together finally arrived.16.Shanghai is the city ______ I was born.17.The house ______ I lived ten years ago has been pulled down.18.Please tell me the reason ______ you missed the plane.19.The reason ____ he was punished is unknown to us.20.All the people ______are present burst into tears.21.There are about seven million people taking part in the election, most of _______ are

well educated.22.He succeeded in the competition, _____ made his parents very happy.23.The school ______ he once studied is very famous.24.Tomorrow I’ll bring here the magazine _______ you asked.25.This is the boy ________I played tennis with yesterday.参考答案： [边讲边练](一)

1.The boy who was here a minute ago is my younger brother.2.The old man who teaches chemistry in a college is a professor.3.Beijing Hotel where the foreign visitors live is near Tian An Men Square.4.The woman whom you were talking bout is here now.5.This is the hall where we listened to the report the other day.6.The car just passed us was going 90 miles.7.The man who waved to us was my uncle.8.I enjoyed reading the book that you gave me last week.9.The subject that I prefer is science.10.I spoke to the man who is a professor.（二）

1.which/ that

2.who/ that

3.that/ which

4.who/ that

5.that

6.that

7.which

8.that/ which

9.where

10.when

[随堂测试]

一、单项填空

1-5 BACAD

6-10 CCACC

11-15 DBDDB

16-20 CDDCC

21-25 DBAAD

26-30 DBDDD

二、填入适当的关系代词或关系副词完成下列句子

1.who

2.who

3.whom

4.whom

5.which

6.which

7.which

8.about whom

9.whom

10.which

11.whose

12.whose

13.whose

14.when

15.when

16.where

17.where

18.why

19.why

20.that

21.whom

22.which

23.where

24.that

25.whom

The teacher often asks us what we want to be in the future.My good friend Tom wishes to be a soldier.However,I'm different.I wish I were a teacher in the future.But my mother wishes me to be a doctor.口语是需要技巧的。光靠大胆自信还不够。关键是系统的方法。我是英语专业毕业的，英语八级，现在当翻译，在大学时去英语角，上课发言等都不管用，一度非常苦恼。后来发现口语练习需要系统的方法。建议你按照我的方法做。

买个口语软件，口语宝或者右脑王都不错。

1语音阶段，照软件的内容练，一天俩小时，最多一个月，语音可以过关。无论你的基础怎么样。切记一定要仔细认真模仿纠正模仿在模仿。

我有啊，奉献给你一些啦，快快学习吧：

Do you have some time tomorrow? 明天有空吧? Yes, I do.有啊。

How about having lunch with me? 一起吃顿中饭怎样？ Good idea.好主意。

Perhaps we van make it later.那么，也许改天吧。That would be better.好啊。

I'm calling to confirm our luncheon appointment.我打电话来，是想确定一下我们约好吃饭的事。

It's tomorrow at twelve o'clock, right? 是明天12点吧？ Yes, that's right.是的，没错。I'll be there.我会去的。

I'm sorry, but I have to cancel out luncheon appointment.真抱歉，不过我不得不取消我们午餐的约会。I'm sorry to hear that.真遗憾。

I have pressing business to attend to.我有紧急的事情要处理。

No problem.we'll make it later in the month.没关系，这个月改天再说吧。

一、多“说”。

第三篇：英语学习_高中英语定语从句讲解及练习_必备范文

18.高中英语定语从句讲解及练习

定于从句是高中重点知识，也是高考常考点，大家也不容易掌握，这篇文章主要教你关系代词引导的定语从句

关系副词引导的定语从句判断关系代词与关系副词限制性和非限制性定语从句等内容，有例题讲解

定语从句在句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词，被修饰的名词词组或代词即先行词。定语从句通常

出现在先行词之后，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引出。关系代词有：who, whom, whose, that, which等。关系副词有：when, where, why等。

18.1 关系代词引导的定语从句

关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词，并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。1）who, whom, that

这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词，在从句中作主语和宾语。例如：

Is he the man who/that wants to see you? 他就是你想见的人吗？（who/that在从句中作主语）

He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday.他就是我昨天见的那个人。（whom/that在从句中作宾语）

2）whose 用来指人或物，（只用作定语, 若指物，它还可以同of which互换）。例如：

They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down.那人车坏了，大家都跑过去帮忙。

Please pass me the book whose（of which）cover is green.请递给我那本绿皮的书。

3）which, that所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等。例如：

A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside.农村出现了前所未有的繁荣。（which / that在句中作宾语）

The package（which / that）you are carrying is about to come unwrapped.你拿的包快散了。（which / that在句中作宾语）

18.2 关系副词引导的定语从句

关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词，在从句中作状语。

1）关系副词when, where, why的含义相当于“介词+ which”结构，因此常常和“介词+ which”结构交替使用。例如：

There are occasions when（on which）one must yield.任何人都有不得不屈服的时候。

Beijing is the place where（in which）I was born.北京是我的出生地。

Is this the reason why（for which）he refused our offer? 这就是他拒绝我们帮助他的理由吗？ 2）that代替关系副词，可以用于表示时间、地点、方式、理由的名词后取代when, where, why和“介+which”引导的定语从句，在口语中that常被省略。例如：

His father died the year（that / when / in which）he was born.他父亲在他出生那年逝世了。

He is unlikely to find the place（that / where / in which）he lived forty years ago.他不大可能找到他四十年前居住过的地方。

18.3 判断关系代词与关系副词

方法一：用关系代词，还是关系副词完全取决于从句中的谓语动词。及物动词后面无宾语，就必须要求用关系代词；而不及物动词则要求用关系副词。例如：

This is the mountain village where I stayed last year.这是我去年呆过的山村。

I'll never forget the days when I worked together with you.我永远不会忘记与你共事的日子。

判断改错：

（错）This is the mountain village where I visited last year.（错）I will never forget the days when I spent in the countryside.（对）This is the mountain village（which）I visited last year.（对）I'll never forget the days（which）I spent in the countryside.习惯上总把表地点或时间的名词与关系副词 where, when联系在一起。此两题错在关系词的误用上。

方法二：准确判断先行词在定语从句中的成分（主、谓、宾、定、状），也能正确选择出关系代词/关系副词。

例1.Is this museum ___ you visited a few days age? A.where B.that C.on which D.the one 例2.Is this the museum ____ the exhibition was held.A.where B.that C.on which D.the one 答案：例1 D，例2 A 例1变为肯定句： This museum is ___ you visited a few days ago.例2变为肯定句： This is the museum ___ the exhibition was held.在句1中，所缺部分为宾语，而where, that, on which都不能起到宾语的作用，只有the one既做了主句的表语，又可做从句的宾语，可以省略关系代词，所以应选D。

而句2中, 主、谓、宾俱全，从句部分为句子的状语表地点，既可用副词where，又因 in the museum词组，可用介词in + which 引导地点状语。而此题中，介词on 用的不对，所以选A。

18.4 限制性和非限制性定语从句

1）定语从句有限制性和非限制性两种。限制性定语从句是先行词不可缺少的部分，去掉它主句意思往往不明确；非限制性定语从句是先行词的附加说明，去掉了也不会影响主句的意思，它与主句之间通常用逗号分开。例如：

This is the house which we bought last month.这是我们上个月买的那幢房子。（限制性）The house, which we bought last month, is very nice.这幢房子很漂亮，是我们上个月买的。（非限制性）

2）当先行词是专有名词或物主代词和指示代词所修饰时，其后的定语从句通常是非限制性的。例如：

Charles Smith, who was my former teacher, retired last year.查理?史密斯去年退休了，他曾经是我的老师。

My house, which I bought last year, has got a lovely garden.我去年买的的那幢房子带着个漂亮的花园。

This novel, which I have read three times, is very touching.这本小说很动人，我已经读了三遍。

3）非限制性定语从句还能将整个主句作为先行词, 对其进行修饰, 这时从句谓语动词要用第三人称单数。例如：

He seems not to have grasped what I meant, which greatly upsets me.他似乎没抓住我的意思，这使我心烦。

Liquid water changes to vapor, which is called evaporation.液态水变为蒸汽，这就叫做蒸发。

说明：关系代词that和关系副词why不能引导非限制性定语从句。

18.5 介词+关系词

1）介词后面的关系词不能省略。2）that前不能有介词。3）某些在从句中充当时间，地点或原因状语的“介词+关系词”结构可以同关系副词when 和where 互换。例如：

This is the house in which I lived two years ago.这是我两年前住过的房子。

This is the house where I lived two years ago.Do you remember the day on which you joined our club? 还记得你加入我们俱乐部的那一天吗？

Do you remember the day when you joined our club?

18.6 as, which 非限定性定语从句

由as, which 引导的非限定性定语从句，as和which可代整个主句，相当于and this或and that。As一般放在句首，which在句中。例如：

As we know, smoking is harmful to one's health.如我们所知，吸烟有害健康。

The sun heats the earth, which is very important to us.太阳使地球暖起来，这对我们人类很重要。典型例题

1）Alice received an invitation from her boss, ___came as a surprise.A.it B.that C.which D.he

答案C.此为非限定性从句，不能用 that修饰，而用which.，it 和he 都使后句成为句子，两个独立的句子不能单以逗号连接。况且选he句意不通。

2）The weather turned out to be very good, ___ was more than we could expect.A.what B.which C.that D.it

答案B。which可代替句子，用于非限定性定语从句，而what不可。That 不能用于非限定性定语从句，it不为连词，使由逗号连接的两个句子并在一起在英语语法上行不通。3）It rained hard yesterday, ____ prevented me from going to the park..A.that B.which C.as D.it

答案B.as 和which在引导非限制性定语从句时，这两个关系代词都指主句所表达的整个意思，且在定语从句中都可以作主语和宾语。但不同之处主要有两点：（1）as 引导的定语从句可置于句首，而which不可。

（2）as 代表前面的整个主句并在从句中作主语时，从句中的谓语必须是系动词；若为行为动词，则从句中的关系代词只能用which.。在本题中，prevent由于是行为动词，所以正确选项应为B。as 的用法

例1.the same…as；such…as 中的as 是一种固定结构, 和……一样……。例如：

I have got into the same trouble as he（has）.我碰到了跟他一样的麻烦。例2.as可引导非限制性从句，常带有'正如'。例如：

As we know, smoking is harmful to one's health.如我们所知，吸烟有害健康。

As is known, smoking is harmful to one's health.As是关系代词。例1中的as作know的宾语；例2中，它充当从句的主语，谓语动词know要用被动式。

18.7 先行词和关系词二合一

1）Whoever spits in public will be punished here.（Whoever 可以用 anyone who 代替）

2）The parents will use what they have to send their son to technical school.（what 可以用all that代替）

18.8 what/whatever;that/what;who/whoever 1）what = the thing which；whatever = anything。例如：

What you want has been sent here.你要的动词都送来了。

Whatever you want makes no difference to me.不管你要什么，跟我没什么关系。2）who= the person that whoever= anyone who。例如：

（错）Who breaks the law will be punished.（错）Whoever robbed the bank is not clear.（对）Whoever breaks the law will be punished.王子犯法，与庶民同罪。

（对）Who robbed the bank is not clear.谁抢了银行还不清楚。3）that 和 what

当that引导定语从句时，通常用作关系代词，而引导名词性从句时，是个不充当任何成分的连接词。宾语从句和表语从句中的that常可省略。What只能引导名词性从句，用作连接代词，作从句的具体成分，且不能省略。例如：

I think（that）you will like the stamps.我想你会喜欢这些邮票的。

What we need is more practice.我们需要的是更多的实践。

18.9 关系代词that 的用法 1）不用that的情况

a）引导非限定性定语从句时。例如：

（错）The tree, that is four hundred years old, is very famous here.b）介词后不能用。例如：

We depend on the land from which we get our food.我们依赖土地获得食物。

We depend on the land that/which we get our food from.2）只能用that作为定语从句的关系代词的情况

a）在there be 句型中，只用that，不用which。

b）在不定代词，如：anything, nothing, the one, all, much, few, any, little等作先行词时，只用that，不用which。

c）先行词有the only, the very修饰时，只用that。

d）先行词为序数词、数词、形容词最高级时，只用that。.e）先行词既有人，又有物时。例如：

All that is needed is a supply of oil.所需的只是供油问题。

Finally, the thief handed everything that he had stolen to the police.那贼最终把偷的全部东西交给了警察。

第四篇：定语从句讲解及练习

定语从句讲解及练习

一、定义：在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。如：1)The man who lives next to us is a policeman.2)You must do everything that I do.上面两句中的man和everything是定语从句所修饰的词，叫先行词，定语从句放在先行词的后面。* 引导定语从句的词有关系代词that, which, who(宾格whom, 所有格whose)和关系副词where, when、why * 关系词常有三个作用：

1、引导定语从句

2、代替先行词

3、在定语从句中担当一个成分

二、关系代词引导的定语从句 * 1.who指人，在从句中做主语(1)The boys who are playing football are from Class One.(2)Yesterday I helped an old man who lost his way.* 2.whom指人，在定语从句中充当宾语，常可省略。(1)Mr.Liu is the person(whom)you talked about.注意：关系代词whom在口语和非正式语体中常用who代替，可省略。(2)The man(who/whom)you met just now is my friend.* 3.which指物，在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略(1)Football is a game which is liked by most boys.(which 在句子中做主语)(2)This is the pen(which)he bought yesterday.(which 在句子中做宾语)* 4.that指人时，相当于who或者whom；指物时，相当于which，在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略。(1)The people that/who come to visit the city are all here.(在句子中做主语)(2)Where is the man（that/whom）I saw this morning?(在句子中做宾语)* 5.whose通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语(1)He has a friend whose father is a doctor.(2)I lived in a house whose roof has fallen in.whose指物时，常用以下结构来代替(3)The classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired.=The classroom the door of which is broken will soon be repaired.(4)Do you like the book whose color is yellow? =Do you like the book the color of which is yellow? * 具体使用时还要注意下列问题：

1、只能使用that,不用which 的情况：

* 1）当先行词是：all , any , anything , everything , nothing或被它们修饰

时。Is there anything that I can do for you ? 有什么可以为你做的吗？

All that can be done must be done.凡是能做的都必须做。* 2）当先行词被形容词的最高级或序数词修饰时。例如： That is one of the most interesting books that are sold in the bookshop.那是这家书店出售的最有趣的书之一。

The first thing that we should do is to get some food.我们该做的第一件事是弄点吃的。

* 3）当先行词有：the only , the very , the same , the last 等修饰时。例如： My necklace is not the only thing that's missing.我的项链不仅是丢掉的东西。* 4）当主句以who或which开头时，定语从句中引导词用that ,不用which 或 who，以避免重复。例如： Who is the girl that is wearing a red coat ? 正穿一件红色外套的女孩子是谁？ * 5）当先行词既有人又有物时，用that。例如： The writer and his novel that you have just talked about are really well known.你刚才谈起的那位作家以及他的小说确实很著名。

2、只用which不用that的情况： * 1)关系代词前有介词时； e.g.This is the room in which Lu Xun lived.* 2)非限定性定语从句中；作宾语用的关系代词也不能省略。e.g.That necklace, which you gave me as a present, was lost yesterday.He has a daughter, who works in a hospital.* 3)先行词本身是that时；

e.g.The clock is that which tells the time 非限定性定语从句的作用是对所修饰的成分作进一步说明，通常是引导词和先行词之间用逗号隔开，将从句拿掉后其他部分仍可成立。Charles Smith, who was my former teacher, retired last year.查理史密斯去年退休了，他曾经是我的老师。（非限)There is somebody here who wants to speak to you这里有人要和你说话(限制性)* 4)which还有一种特殊用法，它可以引导从句修饰前面的整个主句，代替主句所表示的整体概念或部分概念。在这种从句中，which可以作主语，也可以作宾语或表语，多数情况下意思是与and this 相似，并可以指人。

He did very well in the competition, which made his parents very happy.* 关系代词 whom，which 在定语从句中作介词宾语时，可以和介词一起放于先行词与定语从句之间，有时为了关系紧凑也可以将 whom 与 which 与先行词紧挨着书写，的工厂。(引导词that作定语从句“(that)they visited last month”的宾语，that可以省略)

* 注意：不要以为在时间名词后就一定用关系副词when，在地点名词后就一定用关系而将介词置于定语从句的后面，That was the room in which we had lived for ten years.= That was the room which we had lived in for ten years.* 像listen to, look at, take care of等固定短语动词，在定语从句中一般不宜将介词与动词分开。例如：This is the boy whom she has taken care of.三、关系副词引导的定语从句

1、when：当主句中的先行词(即主句中被后面定语从句修饰的词)是表示时间意义的名词时，它只能作定语从句的时间状语，放在定语从句句首。如果定语从句的引导词是作该定语从句的主语或宾语，则要改用关系代词that或which来引导。例如：

I’ll never forget the time when we worked on the farm.He arrived in Beijing on the day when I left.The days when we used foreign oil are gone.我们用洋油的日子一去不复返了。I'll never forget the day when I was born.(=I'll never forget my birthday.)我永远不会忘记我出生的日子。

It happened in November when the weather was wet and cold.这事发生在天气又湿又冷的十一月。

The day(that)I always remember in all my life is my birthday.我一生中最难忘的日子是我的生日。(that作定语从句“that I always remember in all my life”的宾语，that可以省略)*

2、where：当主句中的先行词是表示地点意义的名词时，它只能作其所在的定语从句的地点状语，放在定语从句的句首。如果定语从句的引导词作该定语从句的主语或宾语时，也要改用关系代词that或which来引导。例如：

The factory where his father works is in the east of the city This is the room where(＝in which)I lived last year.这就是我去年住过的房间。

Is this the classroom where(=in which)the old worker is going to make/give us a report? 这就是那位老工人要给我们做报告的教室吗？

Let's look for a place where we can swim.咱们找一个可以游泳的地方吧。The building that is being built over there will be a new hospital.正在那边建的楼房将是一家新医院。(引导词that作定语从句“that is being built over there”的主语)That is the factory(that)they visited last month.那就是他们上个月参观过

副词 where，在表示原因的the reason后就一定用关系副词why。到底选用关系副词还是关系代词，关键是看它们在从句中是用作状语(用关系副词)还是用作主语或宾语(用关系代词)。

如：Don’t forget the time(that)I’ve told you.不要忘记我告诉你的时间。(that用作told的宾语)

I’ll never forget the days when I worked with you.我永远不会忘记我与你共事的日子。(when用作状语)

He works in a factory that /which makes radio parts.他在一家制造无线电零件的工厂工作。(that/ which 在从句中用作主语，且不能省略)

He works in the factory where his father worked.他在他父亲工作过的那家工厂工作。(where作状语)

That’s the reason(that /which)he explained to us.那就是他向我们解释的理由。(that或which在从句中用作explained的宾语)

That’s the reason why she left home.那就是她离家出走的原因。(why在从句中作状语)

* 英语中的关系副词主要是 when, where, why三个，不要想当然地将how用作关系副词修饰the way。

如不说 This is the way how he spoke，可改为 This is how he spoke(how引导的是表语从句)，当然也可说成 This is the way(that/ in which)he spoke.(其中的that/ in which可省略)

* 另外，when和where可引导限制性和非限制性定语从句，而why则只用于引导限制性定语从句，不用于引导非限制性定语从句。

Sunday is a holiday , when people do not go to work.星期天是假日，（这天）人们不上班。

He took us into the classroom , where there were only a few students.他把我们带进教室，那儿只有少数几个学生。

* 在定语从句的使用中，one of后面的名词是复数，这个复数名词制约后面的定语从句的谓语动词，用复数；而在one of 前面有the或 the only时，后面引导的定语从句中的谓语动词则用单数形式。

He is the only one of the students who is elected?

Jasper is one of those people who know about the accident.定语从句练习

一、用关系代词填空：that、which、who、whom、whose 1.This is the man ________ wants to see you.2.The student ___________ answered the question is Zhang Hua.3.The man __________ you went to see has come.4.The man ___________I met yesterday lent me some money.5.The woman _______________ you saw is our geography teacher.6.The runner ________________ you are asking about is over there.7.The person ______________ you should write to is Mr.Ball.8.The man ___________was passing by saw what happened.9.Here is the pen _________ you lost the day before yesterday.10.These books _____________ you lent me were very useful.11.The storybook ____________ I have just read cannot be easily forgotten.12.A clock is a machine ______ tells people the time.13.This is shirt _______________I bought yesterday.14.A dictionary is a book _____________ gives the meaning to the word.15.The book ____________ is on the table is mine.16.The film ____________ they are talking about is very interesting.17.I will never forget the people and the places _____ I have ever visited.18.Is there anyone ____________ family is in Beijing? 19.Show me the boy ______________ mother is a well-known singer.20.The boy______ father is a teacher is good at English.二、单项选择

()1.Your teacher of Chinese is a young lady____ comes from Beijing.A.who B.which C.whom D.whose()2.What’s the name of the program________.A.which are listening B.you are listening to C.to that you are listening D.that you are listening()3.The students were all interested ____ you told them yesterday.A.in which B.in that this C.all that D.in everything()4.He was the only person in his office______ was invited.A.whom B.whose C.that D.which()5.This is the museum______ we visited last year.A.where B.in which C.which D.in that()6.Charlie told his mother all____ had happened.A.that B.what C.which D.who()7.Do you know the student_____? A.whom I often talk B.with who I often talk

C.I often talk with D.that I often talk()8.I like the house_____ windows face south.A.whose B.who’s

C.it's D.its()9.Would you tell me where to get the dictionary _____?

A.what I need B.I need C.which I need it D.that I need it()10.The young woman_____ I spoke just now is a young doctor.A.who B.to whom C.whom D.that（）

11、Is this the factory __________ you visited the other day?

A.that

B.where

C.in which

D.the one（）

12、Is this factory __________ some foreign friends visited last Friday?

A.that

B.where

C.which

D.the one（）

13、Is this the factory __________ he worked ten years ago?

A.that

B.where

C.which

D.the one（）

14、Mr.Herpin is one of the foreign experts who ______ in China.A.works B.is working C.are working D.has been working（）

15、Those __________ not only from books but also through practice will succeed.A.learn

B.who

C.that learns D.who learn（）

16、We’re talking about the piano and the pianist __________ were in the concert we attended last night.A.which

B.whom

C.who

D.that

（）

17、He failed in the examination, __________ made his father very angry.A.which

B.it

C.that

D.what

第五篇：定语从句讲解和练习

定语从句

在复合句中作定语，修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。它的作用相当于形容词, 用来修饰主句中的某一个名词或代词或整个主句，所以也称之为形容词性从句。引导定语从句的词叫关系词, 关系词除起连接作用外还在句中担当一定的句子成分.被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。根据关系词在从句中充当成分的不同,关系词可分为

关系代词: who, whom(people), which(things), that, whose 关系副词: when, where, why。

Who 指人, 在从句中作主语

e.g.Your friend who studies in the college came to see you yesterday.This is the man who helped me.Whom 指人, 在从句中作动词或介词的宾语 e.g.The man whom you want to see has come.The doctor whom you are looking for is in the room.注：whom 通常被省略或用who/that 替换。常用于非限制性定于从句。Which 指物, 在从句中作主语,宾语，Which 在作宾语时可省略。e.g.Here is the book which tells about grammar.I have found the car which you lost yesterday.有时候，定语从句指的不是它前面的名词，而是整个句子 e.g.He showed me a photo which upset me.He tore up my photo, which upset me.正确使用关系代词, a.关系代词前要有名词(代词)b.关系代词在所引导的定语从句中要充当主语,宾语 c.否则,关系代词前要接介词, 该介词可移至句尾.e.g.He is a man whom I enjoy working with.Whom 前有名词, whom是宾格, 在从句中作宾语。Enjoy 後的动名词working是由不及物动词转化Whom 不能直接作宾语, 所以要加介词。e.g.He is a man for/ with whom I enjoy working.For 可移至句尾：e.g.He is a man whom I enjoy working with/ for.Whom/ which 作介词后作宾语时不能省略.限定性定语从句与非限定性定语从句

非限定性定语从句用于对主句先行词的补充说明，没有它不影响主句意思的完整，常用逗号把主句和从句分开。从句中作宾语的关系代词不能省略。

e.g.We were given a lovely double room, which had a sea view.I, who am blind, advise you to use your eyes well.专有名词, 如: John, Peter, Beijing 独一性名词, 如: my father/mother, my school 被定语从句修饰时, 由于本身具有特殊性,不需被定语从句加以限定。e.g.I like John, who works hard.I like my school, which is famous.限定性定语从句用于对主句先行词加以限制或分类，是句中不可缺少的组成部分，主句和从句之间不能用逗号分开。

普通名词不具有特殊性,定语从句为先行词不可缺少的定语,省

去了则主句的意思就会不完整.从句前不可加逗号.e.g.I like the boy who studies hard.Is this the book which you were looking for.作关系代词的 that 的用法: that 可以代替who, whom, which, 可指人,物，在从句中作主语, 宾语, 表语。e.g.Who is the man that is reading the newspaper.He is the man(whom/ that)I can trust.The letter(that /which)I received was from my father.注：作表语表身份时只能用that: e.g.He is not the man(who ×)that he was ten years ago.He is not the happy boy that he used to be.The teacher that you are should know how to teach grammar.在限制性定于从句中，用that替换其他关系代词who, whom, which 应注意: 1.其前不可置介词

2.其前不可有逗点(不可用于非限定性定语从句)e.g.The earth on which we live is a big ball.The earth that / which we live on is a big ball.由that 引导的定语从句

1.先行词为不定代词：all/ both/ neither/ none/ either/ each/ other/ others/ another/ much/ many/ few/ little/ one/ some/ anything/ nothing/everything等 e.g.All that we can do is to believe her.Is there anything that I can do for you.Much you have read is nonsense.2.先行词被形容词最高级, 序数词, 修饰时

e.g.The first lesson that he gave was interesting.It is the most beautiful park that I have ever been to.This is the best that can be done now.3.先行词被不定代词all, every, no, some, any, little, few, much, each等, 和the only, the very, the same, the last修饰时 e.g.This is the very dictionary that I want.The only thing that we could do was to wait.You may borrow any book that interest you.I have read all the books(that)you gave me.4.先行词为数词时

e.g.I caught two fish yesterday.Now you can see the two that are still alive.5.先行词既有人又有物

e.g.The writer and his novel that you have just talked about are well known.6.如果有两个定语从句, 应避免重复

e.g.The student that was punished is the monitor who studies hard.He built up a factory which produced things that had never been seen before.7.当句中已有who/ which时,定语从句要用that 而不用who(m)/ which e.g.Who is the person that is standing at the gate.Who is the man that is reading the newspaper? Which of us that knows something about physics does not know this.Of whom/which, etc.名词和不定代词(some, any, none, all, both, several, enough, many and few)可以和 of whom/ of which 连用

e.g.It’s a family of eight children, all of whom are studying music.He has written a book, the name of which I have forgotten.We’ve tested these boots, none of which is completely waterproof.这种结构也可以和表数量（quantity）和最高级（the superlatives）连用 e.g.a number of whom/three of which/half of which The majority of whom/the youngest of whom Of whom/which 在从句中作主语时，有以下两种结构

e.g.Do you see the house the windows of which are all broken?(of which the windows)The eighty passengers, ten of whom were British, all escaped.(of whom ten)

定语从句和不定式

介词 + 关系代词可以和不定式连用

e.g.We moved to the country so the children would have a garden in which to play.没有介词，不能用这种结构 I can’t think of anybody whom to invite.即使有介词，这种结构也非常正式和不常见的，我们常用更简单的结构。(„a garden to play in;„neighbours to quarrel with).Which as determiner 有时用抽象名词(case, point, reason, situation, time等)来总结主句的内容时，which 可以用作限定词，构成‘介词+which+抽象名词’ 构成定语从句。可以和名词连用的这种结构很正式，常用在介词之后，对所提的事进行不从说明。

e.g.He may be late, in which case we ought to wait for him.He lost his temper, at which point I decided to go home.Ten years of hard work changed her greatly, for which reason he could hardly recognize her at first sight.It rained all night, during which time the ship broke in pieces.Whose 为关系代词所有格, 由his/ her/ their/ my/ your/ its 等所有格变化而成.在引导的定语从句中作定语,可指人/物

e.g.This is John, whose father is a teacher.People whose home are in town want to live in the country.使用whose时要遵守下列原则

1.whose之前要有名词

2.whose之后的名词在从句中要做主语,宾语 3.否则, whose 之前要有介词,介词可移至句尾 e.g.I like John, whose father I don’t like.I like John, whose brother I want to make friends with.可用 the...of which/ of which...the 替换

e.g.I don’t like the building whose roof is blue.I don’t like the building the roof of which is blue.I don’t like the building of which the roof is blue.Of which除可以表示所属关系外，还可用来表示整体和部分的关系，而whose 不能。e.g.He borrowed a book of which the author was a peasant.The Chinese team got 16 gold medals, of which 12 were won by women.What 关系代词 that 指代其前面的名词，重复其语义.what 不是重复前面名词，而是包括名词的语义what = the things that„

e.g.I gave her just the money she needed.I gave her just what she needed.The thing that I’d like is a digital watch.What I’d like is a digital watch.As 关系代词,常用在 the same...as/ such...as/ as...as 句型中 The same...as e.g.(主)He is the same person as come here yesterday.(宾)I have the same book as he is reading.(表)He is not the same man as he used to be.Such...as e.g.He is not such a man as will tell a lie.He is not such a bad man as you just talked about.Such a good student as he is will succeed.As...as e.g.He has as much money as is required.I have as many books as you(do).He is as good a student as Mary(is).Such...as引导定语从句/such...that结果状语从句

e.g.They talked in such simple English as children could understand.They talked in such simple English that children could understand it.I will provide you with such things as you may need.He shut the window with such a force that the glass broke.The same...as 两物相似/the same...that描述的是同一物 e.g.This is the same bag as I lost yesterday.This is the same bag that I lost yesterday.As引导非限定性定语从句，代表主句或主句的一部分所表达的意思（通常不能指代某个名词或代词），可以放在主句前、后或中间，在从句中作主语、宾语或表语，表示 ‘正如.../ 正像...’ A主语

e.g.As be said(announced, reported, known, seen, mentioned)As was reported on TV, the plane crashed.B宾语 e.g.As we know/as we all can see...C表语 e.g.As he is, he seems clever.which 引导非限定性定语从句一般不能放在主句前，而as 引导非限定性定语从句可放在句未，也可放在句中、句首。在句首时不能用which 替换。e.g.Crusoe lost his dog, which made him very sad Taiwan is part of China, as/which is known to all.As we have seen, oceans cover more than 70 percent of the earth.3.as引导非限定性定语从句时，意为“这一点、这件事”，常与 see，hope，expect，know，guess等动词搭配；which引导非限定性定语从句与主句有一种因果关系，可译为“所以„„”。e.g.Cyprus, as you all know, is in the Mediterranean.Bamboo is hollow, which makes it very light.非限定性定语从句中，谓语动词是连系动词时，可以用as/which作主语。如果从句谓语动词是行为动词，则必须用which。

e.g.He married her, as was natural.She refused to take the medicine, which made her mother angry.It rained hard yesterday, which prevented her from going to Shenyang.He is absent, as is often the case.But 的用法

But本身具有否定意义，相当于who/which/that...not But的先行词往往是否定意义的代词或名词词组，用双重否定表强烈肯定 But的这一用法常见于在从句中作主语

There is no one but knows about this affair.(who doesn’t know about)There are few dictionaries but have a misprint or two.(that don’t have)

Than 的用法

用作关系代词时，可在从句中作主语，其后直接接谓语。Don’t give him more money than is necessary.He smoked fewer cigarettes than were available.先行词被比较级修饰,用关系代词than连接 He did more than was required.The room is much bigger than suited my purpose.没有明确的先行词，有时把than看作连词，其后省略了it。但实际使用中，than后从来不补上it，因为than本身在从句中可用作主语。

定语从句练习

用适当的词填空

1.He is the teacher usually helps us out.2.Who’s the teacher is in a red dress? 3.He is the teacher daughter won the first prize yesterday.4.I’ll tell you all he told me last month.5.I’ll tell you he told me last month.6.He talked a lot about things and persons ________they remembered in the school.7.I have bought such a watch _______ was advertised on TV.8.There are 2,000 workers here, two thirds of are women.9.we know now, bats come out only at night.10.Crousoe’s dog became ill and died, made him very lonely.单句改错

1.This is one of the best books which have ever been written.2.She is the girl whom I guess is a good student.3.This is the mountain which the top is always covered with snow.4.All is needed is a supply of oil.5.This is the new type of plane which parts are made in China.6.They talked about the people and things which they saw on their way to school.7.Is this museum the one which you visited last Saturday? 8.The boy with who John spoke is my brother.9.Will you please lend me the very book which you bought yesterday? 10.He lived in London for 3 years, during that time he learned some English.单项填空

1.The place _______interested me most was the Children's Palace.A.Which B.Where C.What D./ 2.Do you know the man _______? A.whom I spoke B.to who spoke C.I spoke to D.that I spoke 3.I have two grammars, ______are of great use.A.all of which B.either of which C.both of that D.both of which 4.He is working hard, ______will make him pass the final exam.A.that B.which C.for which D.who 5.That is the day ______I'll never forget.A.which B.on which C.in which D.when 6.The thief handed everything he had stolen to the police.A.which B.what C.whatever D.that 7.I want to use the same tools _______used in your factory a few days ago.A.as was B.which was C.as were D.which 8.This is one of the best films _______.A.that have been shown this year B.that have shown C.that has been shown this year D.that you talked 9.Can you lend me the book ______the other day? A.about which you talked B.which you talked C.about that you talked D.that you talked 10.The pen ______he is writing is mine.A.with which B.in which C.on which D.by which 11.They arrived at a farmhouse, in front of ______sat a small boy.A.whom B.who C.which D.that 12.--Why does she always ask you for help?--There is no one else , is there? A.who to turn to B.she can turn to C.for whom to turn D.for her to turn 13.It there anyone in your class ______family is in the country? A.who B.who's C.which D.whose 14.I'm interested in ______you have said.A.all that B.all what C.that D.which 15.I want to use the same dictionary ______was used yesterday.A.which B.who C.what D.as 16.He isn't such a man ______he used to be.A.who B.whom C.that D.as 17.The way ______he looks at problems is wrong.A.which B.whose C.what D./ 18.Li Ming, ______to the concert enjoyed it very much.A.I went with B.with whom I went C.with who I went D.I went with him 19.I lost a book, ______I can't remember now.A.whose title B.its title C.the title of it D.the title of that 20.You're the only person ______I've ever met ______could do it.A.who;/ B./;whom C.whom;/ D./;who

参考答案及解析

1.ACDBA DCAAA CBDAD DDBAD

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