第一篇：研究生考试英语作文王江涛大全
2011考研英语
（一）写作真题详解及参考范文
2011年考研英语已经尘埃落定，写作部分比起2010年超纲的“告示”和“变态”的火锅，难度大为降低，现解析如下。
Part A: 小作文
Directions:
Write a letter to a friend of yours to
1)recommend one of your favorite movies and
2)give reasons for your recommendation.You should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2.Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter.Use”Li Ming”instead.Do not write the address.(10 points)题目译文
给你的一位朋友写一封信
1）推荐你最喜欢的一部电影并 2）给出推荐的原因。
真题详解
令广大考生欣慰的是，2011年小作文并未考察大纲中已提到六年但并未考察过的摘要题型，也未考察2010年刚刚考察过的告示题型，而是考察了广大考生最为熟悉、从2005到2009已经连续五年考察的书信。
回顾刚刚过去的2010年，中国内地电影票房成功突破100亿元，成为旭日初升的朝阳产业。从年中的《唐山大地震》、《盗梦空间》、《山楂树之恋》到年底的三大贺岁片《赵氏孤儿》、《让子弹飞》、《非诚勿扰2》，电影已经重新成为全民关注的话题。今年的考研小作文即考察了“电影”这一热点话题。
本题属于推荐信，在拙著《2011考研英语高分写作》第64-65页详细讲解了推荐信的注意事项、写作方法，提供了经典范文及十大万能句型。同时，该书76页提供的关于《八十天环游地球》的读书报告范文完全可以用于本文写作，下面的参考范文即由该文改写而成。
需要注意的是，写给朋友的称呼应该直呼其名，不应写某某先生或女士。本题属于半正式文体中的私人书信，文中最好使用3-5次缩写、省略句或口语表达。两点提纲可以各写一段，第三段进行结尾。首段无需进行自我介绍，开门见山表明写作目的即可；第二段应该分析两到三点原因。
参考范文 Dear Bob, As one of your closest friend, I'm writing the letter in purpose of recommending one of my favorite movies to you, Around the World in Eighty Days.The primary factors for my recommendation as as follows.For one thing, this is a movie of science fiction which tells us an exciting story about an English gentleman,Mr.Phileas Fogg, who makes a bet with his clubmates and managers to travel around the world in eighty days.For another, it gives us a vivid description of the many difficulties and incidents which happen on his journey.Wish you enjoy the movie.Looking forward to your reply.(104 words)Yours sincerely, Li Ming 参考译文
鲍勃：
作为你最好的一位朋友，我写这封信是为了向你推荐我最喜欢的电影之一：《八十天环游地球》。
我推荐的主要原因如下。首先，这是一部科幻电影，讲述了一位英国绅士的一个激动人心的故事。菲力·弗格先生跟他的俱乐部伙伴打了个赌，并设法在八十天之内环游了地球。其次，电影生动描述了他在旅途中遇到的困难和发生的故事。
希望你喜欢这部电影。期待着你的回信。
你真诚的，李明
Part B: 大作文
Direction:
Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the following drawing.In your essay ,you should 1)describe the drawing briefly, 2)explain its intended measing, and 3)give your comments.You should write neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2.(20 points)（图略）
文字说明：旅程之“余”
真题详解
不出意外，2011年大作文自2000年以来连续第十二年考察了图画作文题型，三点提纲也与2008年以来的提纲完全一致，考察了考研写作六大话题之一：“环境保护”。
“环境保护”这一话题考研写作已是第五次考察：第一次是1991年考察了提纲作文“城乡环境差别”，第二次是1999年考察了图表作文“保护野生物种”，第三次是2000年考察了图画作文“保护海洋资源”，第四次是2009年考察了书信“限制使用塑料袋”，今年是第五次考察了图画作文“旅游与环境”。今年的考试再次提醒广大考生：考研写作历年真题是考研写作复习的重中之重！
参加过新东方培训的考生应该觉得今年的考题易如反掌。我们的内部教材《考研英语写作分册》第29-32页提供了1999和2000年考生的三篇高分作文，很多表达均可使用。几乎我所有的班上均详细讲解了2000年高分作文那篇万能框架，并仿写过三道最新真题，大家应该印象深刻。同时，我提供的二十必背范文中有三篇关于环境问题的范文，均可参考借鉴。我们还详细总结了考研写作六大必考话题，尤其关于环境的表达要求掌握。
拙著《我的满分考研写作书》（湖南文艺出版社，2010年11月）150-153页详细讲解了1999-2000年真题，在考研大作文十大必背范文中，有三篇关于环境的范文：分别是211页2000年真题范文以及228-232页关于“全球变暖”和“低碳经济”的两篇模拟题范文，诸多表达均可使用。另一本拙著《2011考研英语高分写作》（2010年3月）第154-159页详细讲解了1999-2000年关于环境问题的真题，并提供了四篇经典范文；198-199也也提供了关于“环境保护”和“环境污染”两篇必背范文；232-233页还总结了关于环保的很多补充词汇。广大学子如果认真研读过上述两本写作书籍，今年应有喜出望外之感。
值得注意的是，近三年的考研写作真题与专业四级写作真题存在某种微妙的联系。2007年专四写作考察了“网络”这一话题，两年之后2009年考研大作文考察“网络”；2008年专四写作考察了“志愿者活动”这一话题，两年之后2010年考研小作文考察了“志愿者活动”；2009年专四写作考察了“旅游与环境”这一话题，两年之后考研大作文再次如约考察“旅游与环境”。2010年我在班上曾经专门分析过这道题目，没想到一语成谶。
之所以出现这种现象其实可以理解。考研写作命题组成员多为全国各重点大学英语系教授级人物，对于英语专业学生必考的专四考试当然了如指掌。
本题文字说明是：旅程之“余”。“余”字的双引号一语双关，一方面指旅游之后，垃圾遍地，环境遭到严重污染和破坏；一方面指作为个体的”我“在旅游之中应该提高意识，洁身自好，注意爱护环境。
根据三点提纲，最好写成三段。首段图画描述，越充分越好，切忌使用太多模板或万能句型，引起阅卷教师反感。首段是最重要的段落，也是判卷教师最重视的段落，亦是考研大作文难点所在。每点提纲各占三分之一分数，即七分。首段不描述图画直接扣七分，归入低分档，切忌发表太多空洞的议论。描述越多越好，议论越少越好。首句可进行总体描述：人物+动作+环境；次句可进行细节描述，力求详细；尾句可翻译文字说明或点出象征寓意。
次段意义阐释，五句左右即可。一般首句是主题句，点出象征寓意；中间进行具体论证，可从因果、举例、正反等多方面进行论证；尾句进行小结。末段可写成归纳结论或建议措施，呼吁人们提高公德意识，在大力发展旅游的同时，加强环境保护。
本文只要写成与环境或环保相关即可，即使没有提到旅游或者公德意识，也不用过多担心。只要语言基本正确、结构比较清晰、内容没有跑题，即可取得及格分（12分左右）；如果语言精彩、结构严谨、论证充分，即可高分在握（16分或以上）。祝大家梦想成真！
参考范文
As is subtly portrayed in the cartoon, two toursits are taking sightseeing on a small boat while discarding their picnicing leftovers casually into a lake.Unfortuantely, the lake is already littered and teamed with flowing rubbish like plastic containers, fish-bones, banana skin, watermelon rind, bottles, tins, food wrappings, and so on.And below the drawing, there is a topic which says: “after” the travel or “me” in the travel.From the portrayal, we can conclude that the painter wants to convey such a message: a good many popular places are flooded with visitors, who spoil the beauty of nature by creating and leaving behind God-knows-how-much trash.On the one hand, tourism, as a multibillion-dollar business, is booming everywhere.Some people, laboring under the belief that tourism serves as an engine of economic growth, seem to ignore its negative effects on the environment.Nevertheless, it is my view that these are not concerns that we can shrug off lightly.On the other hand, tourism has exerted great pressure on the environment we are living in: water is polluted, the ecological system is disturbed, and natural resources have been excessively used.Undoubtedly, tourism could not be banned in any country as it does help to shore up the economy in places which offer few sources of income.The significant point is that the unchecked growth of the travel business may render the development of an economy unsustainable.It is high time that we enhanced people's awareness to rectify this by taking the environmental protection into consideration.(255 words)
参考译文
如图所示，两名游客正在一艘小船上观光，同时把野餐的剩余垃圾随意丢入湖中。不幸的是，湖中已经堆满了漂浮的塑料盒、鱼骨、香蕉皮、西瓜皮、瓶子、罐头、食品包装等各色垃圾。在图画下方，有个小标题写明：“旅程之‘余’”。
从漫画中，我们可以得出结论：画家想要表达下述信息：成群的游客涌入很多景点，通过生产并丢弃大量的垃圾从而破坏了大自然的美观。一方面，旅游业作为一项数十亿美元的产业，正在世界各地迅猛发展。有些人认为旅游业是经济发展的引擎，似乎忽视了其对环境的负面影响。然而，我认为我们必须充分关注这一问题。另一方面，旅游业已经对我们生存的环境造成了巨大的压力。水受到污染，生态平衡遭到破坏，自然资源被过度开发。
毫无疑问，由于在其他收入很少的地区，旅游业确实有助于发展经济，因此任何国家都无法禁止旅游业。重要的是旅游业毫无节制的发展可能使得经济发展不可持续。通过考虑环境保护因素，我们早就该提高人们的意识来扭转这个现象了。
第二篇：研究生考试英语作文
1：投诉信
Dear_______,I am.(自我介绍)I feel bad to trouble you but I am afraid that I have to make a complaint about_______.The reason for my dissatisfaction is ______________(总体介绍).In the first place,_________________________(抱怨的第一个方面).In addition, ____________________________(抱怨的第二个方面).Under these circumstances, I find it ___(感觉)to ____________________________(抱怨的方面给你带来的后果).I appreciate it very much if you could_______________________(提出建议和请求), preferably __________(进一步的要求), and I would like to have this matter settled by ______(设定解决事情最后期限).Thank you for your consideration and I will be looking forward to your reply.Yours sincerely
Li Ming
2：询问信
Dear ______,I am _________________________(自我介绍).I am writing to see if it is possible for you to provide me with information regarding_______.(要询问的内容)
First of all, what are _________________________________?(第一个问题)Secondly, when will________________________________?(第二个问题)Thirdly, is _________________?(第三个问题)
I would also like to inquire _________________________________(将最重要的问题单独成段).Could you be so kind as to send me some relevant booklets on the above-mentioned aspects?
Thank you for you kindness, and your prompt attention to this letter will be highly appreciated.Yours sincerely
Li Min
模板一：图画作文
This illustration depicts_________(图画中的人物)Ving, with______________(补充说明).Recently it has become common for people in many walks of life to_____________(进一步阐释)
It seems to me that the cartoonist is sending a message about _______(图画主题), which is ______________(进一步的说明).He seems to be saying that_______________(给出细节).In my opinion, ___________(个人阐述).This simple picture is a wake up call for ______(所涉群体，如the whole of the human race).Therefore, it is imperative for us to take drastic measures to put an end to _____________(问题所在).One the one hand, we must _________________(建议一).It is clear that the drawer of the illustration is urging us to _________(进一步说明).On the other hand, ________________(建议二)Only in this way can we___________(展望前景).模板二：图表作文
The chart gives us an overall picture of the ____________(图表主题).The first thing we notice is that_______________(图表最大特点).This means that as __________, _________________(进一步说明).We can see from the statistics given that _______________(图表细节一).After ving_________(细节一中的第一个变化), the _____Ved+幅度+时间(紧跟着的变化).The figures also tells us that_________________________(图表细节二).(数据位置，如In the second column), we can see that ____________accounts for _______(进一步描述).Judging from these figures, we can draw the conclusion that___________(结论).The reason for this, as far as I am concerned is that_____________(给出原因)./ It is high time that we Ved(发出倡议)
模板三：利弊型作文
Recently the issue of whether or not______(讨论话题)has been in the limelight and has aroused wide concern in the public.There are two major arguments that can be made for_________.For one thing, __________can bring
____ to_____________(优点一).For another, it is widely hold that people usually ____when ________________________________(优点二).But we must not lose sight of the fact that there are also drawbacks to__________, among which are ____________(列举缺点).For instance, it can be __________to _____________(举例说明).In addition, many people find it ________(形容词)to _______________(第二个缺点)
When asked to __________, I tend to ____________.This is because I _______________(原因一).Furthermore, _______________________(原因二).Finally, ______________(原因三).模板四：展望未来型
With the rapid advances of _____________ in recent years, ___has____________(引出现象).However, _______ has________________, as____________(提出问题).As a result, _____has ____________________(指出影响).The effects ___________ has produced on____________ can be boiled down to two major ones.First , __________________(影响一).More importantly, ________________(影响二).Hence, I believe that we will see a ____________(提出展望)/ Nevertheless, I do not think we will see a ______(或反面展望)
There are numerous reasons why ____, and I would like to explore a few of the most important ones here.The first is that the more(比较级)_____, the more(比较级).In addition, we all agree that________________________(第二个原因)
3：请求信
Dear___________,I am writing to formally request to___________(请求的内容)
The reason for ______________is that______________________________（给出原因）.I________, so I ___________________________________(给出细节)
I would also like to request ________________________(提出进一步的要求).I am sorry for any inconvenience I have caused.Thank you for your attention to these requests.If you have any questions, do not hesitate to contact me at____________(电话号码).I look forward to a favorable reply.Yours sincerely
Li Ming
4：道歉信
Dear ___________,I am truly sorry that_________________________(道歉的原因).The reason is that ______________________________________(介绍原因)Once again, I am sorry for any inconvenience caused.Hope you can accept my apologies and understand my situation.Yours sincerely
Li Ming
6：建议信
Dear ___________,You have asked me for my advice with regard to _______, and I will try to make some conductive suggestions here.In my humble opinion, you would be wise to take the following actions:_________________(建议的内容)
I hope you will find these proposals useful, and I would be ready to discuss this matter with you to further details.Good Luck with your_______(祝愿)
Yours sincerely
Li Ming
7.求职信
Dear Sir or Madam,I write this letter to apply for the position that you have advertised in____________(报纸名称)of________(广告发布时间).Not only do I have the qualifications for this job, but I also have the right personality for a __________(工作名称).In the one hand,_______________________________(第一个原因).On the other hand, __________________________________(另一个原因).Should you grant me a personal interview, I would be most grateful.If you need to know more about me, please feel free to contact me at any time at _______________(电话号码)
Thank you for considering my application, and I am looking forward to meeting you.Yours sincerely
Li Ming
8：邀请信
Dear________,There will a ________________(内容)at/in________________(地点)on___________(时间).We would be honored to have you there with us.The occasion will start at ___________(具体时间).This will be followed by a _______(进一步的安排).At around______(时间)，____________________________(另一个安排)
I really hope you can make it.RSVP before ____________(通知你的最后期限)
Yours sincerely
Li Ming
词汇类
一、近义词汇：
1.完全：absolute, unconditional, unlimited, complete, unrestricted, unmixed, perfect, entire
2.好：extraordinary, amazing, miraculous, marvelous, stupendous, excellent, good, well, wonderful, fine, nice, of high quality, pleasing, surprising, agreeable
3.小：small, diminutive, puny, little, pocket-sized, petit, minute, tiny
4.多：big , enormous, large, gigantic, vast, tremendous, gargantuan, huge, immense, a lot of, lots of, many, much, plenty of, a great deal of, a number of, an amount of, a great many, a good many, many a, scores of, dozens of, a great quantity of
5.高兴，快乐：delighted, delightful, pleased, pleasing, charmed, pleasant, cheerful, cheering, merry, happy, gratified, glad, gay, agreeable, friendly, content, satisfied, light-hearted, joyful
6.真的：True, truthful, veracious, faithful, accurate, loyal, staunch, genuine, honest, real, trustworthy, constant。
7.全，都：all, whole, entire, complete, perfect, total, the whole number of , unbroken , gross
二、常见的连接词
连接词根据其本身的意思和文章连接所需要的逻辑意义可分为几类：
a。表示开场to begin with , in the first place , in general , generally speaking
b。表示总结to summarize , to sum up , to conclude , in conclusion , finally
c。表示举例a case in point , a good illustration / example of … is …,d。表示原因because , since , for , the cause of , the reason for , now that
e。表示结果as a result , as a consequence , consequently
f。表示比较both , like , likewise , similarly , in common , in the same way
g。表示对照on the contrary , on the other hand , despite , in spite of , however
h。表示列举first , firstly , in the first place , first of all , to begin with
i。表示强调especially , particularly , certainly , surely , chiefly , actually
j。表示让步even though , although , in spite of , however , but , yet
1.经济的快速发展the rapid development of economy
2.人民生活水平的显著提高/稳步增长the remarkable improvement/ steady growth of people‘s living standard
3.先进的科学技术advanced science and technology
4.面临新的机遇和挑战be faced with new opportunities and challenges
5.人们普遍认为It is commonly believed/ recognized that…
6.社会发展的必然结果the inevitable result of social development
7.引起了广泛的公众关注arouse wide public concern/ draw public attention
8.不可否认It is undeniable that…/ There is no denying that…
9.热烈的讨论/争论a heated discussion/ debate
10.有争议性的问题a controversial issue
11.完全不同的观点a totally different argument
12.一些人„而另外一些人„Some people…while others…
13.就我而言/就个人而言As far as I am concerned，/ Personally，14.就„达到绝对的一致reach an absolute consensus on…
15.有充分的理由支持be supported by sound reasons
16.双方的论点arguments on both sides
17.发挥着日益重要的作用play an increasingly important role in…
18.对„必不可少be indispensable to…
19.正如谚语所说As the proverb goes：
20.„也不例外„be no exception
21.对„产生有利/不利的影响exert positive/ negative effects on…
22.利远远大于弊the advantages far outweigh the disadvantages.23.导致，引起lead to/ give rise to/ contribute to/ result in
24.复杂的社会现象a complicated social phenomenon
25.责任感/成就感sense of responsibility/ sense of achievement
26.竞争与合作精神sense of competition and cooperation
27.开阔眼界widen one‘s horizon/ broaden one‘s vision
28.学习知识和技能acquire knowledge and skills
29.经济/心理负担financial burden / psychological burden
30.考虑到诸多因素take many factors into account/ consideration
31.从另一个角度from another perspective
32.做出共同努力make joint efforts
33.对„有益be beneficial / conducive to…
34.为社会做贡献make contributions to the society
35.打下坚实的基础lay a solid foundation for…
36.综合素质comprehensive quality
37.无可非议blameless / beyond reproach
39.致力于/投身于be committed / devoted to…
40.应当承认Admittedly，41.不可推卸的义务unshakable duty
42.满足需求satisfy/ meet the needs of…
43.可靠的信息源a reliable source of information
44.宝贵的自然资源valuable natural resources
45.因特网the Internet（一定要由冠词，字母I大写）
46.方便快捷convenient and efficient
47.在人类生活的方方面面in all aspects of human life
48.环保（的）environmental protection / environmentally friendly
49.社会进步的体现a symbol of society progress
50.科技的飞速更新the ever-accelerated updating of science and technology
51.对这一问题持有不同态度hold different attitudes towards this issue
52.支持前/后种观点的人people / those in fovor of the former/ latter opinion
53.有/提供如下理由/证据have/ provide the following reasons/ evidence
54.在一定程度上to some extent/ degree / in some way
55.理论和实践相结合integrate theory with practice
56.„必然趋势an irresistible trend of…
57.日益激烈的社会竞争the increasingly fierce social competition
58.眼前利益immediate interest/ short-term interest
59.长远利益interest in the long run
60.„有其自身的优缺点„has its merits and demerits/ advantages and disadvantages
61.扬长避短Exploit to the full one‘s favorable conditions and avoid unfavorable ones
62.取其精髓，去其糟粕Take the essence and discard the dregs.63.对„有害do harm to / be harmful to
64.交流思想/情感/信息exchange ideas/ emotions/ information
65.跟上„的最新发展keep pace with / keep abreast with the latest development of…
66.采取有效措施来„take effective measures to do sth.67.„的健康发展the healthy development of…
68.有利有弊Every coin has its two sides.No garden without weeds.69.对„观点因人而异Views on…vary from person to person.70.重视attach great importance to…
71.社会地位social status
72.把时间和精力放在„上focus time and energy on…
73.扩大知识面expand one‘s scope of knowledge
74.身心两方面both physically and mentally
75.和„直接/间接相关be directly / indirectly related to…
76.提出折中提议set forth a compromise proposal
77.可以取代“think”的词believe，claim，maintain，argue，insist，hold the opinion/ belief that
78.缓解压力/减轻负担relieve stress/ burden
79.优先考虑„give（top）priority to sth.80.与„相比compared with…/ in comparison with
81.相反on the contrary.82.代替replace/ substitute / take the place of
83.经不起推敲cannot bear closer analysis / cannot hold water
84.提供就业机会offer job opportunities
85.社会进步的反映mirror of social progress
86.毫无疑问Undoubtedly，/ There is no doubt that„
87.增进相互了解enhance/ promote mutual understanding
88.充分利用make full use of / take advantage of
89.承受更大的工作压力suffer from heavier work pressure
90.保障社会的稳定和繁荣guarantee the stability and prosperity of our society
91.更多地强调put more emphasis on…
92.适应社会发展adapt oneself to the development of society
93.实现梦想realize one‘s dream/ make one‘s dream come true
94.主要理由列举如下The main reasons are listed as follows：
95.首先First，Firstly，In the first place，To begin with
96.其次Second，Secondly，In the second place，besides，in addition，additionally，moreover，furthermore
97.最后Finally，Last but not the least，Lastly，98.总而言之All in all，To sum up，In summary，In a word，99.我们还有很长的路要走We still have a long way to go.100.加大了„的可能性increase the chances of
第三篇：三步六法成就作文王
三步六法成就作文王
744411甘肃省平凉市灵台县星火乡老户小学 杨德福
提起作文，说他容易的人不多。对于小学生来说，就更是难上加难，平时写起作文来就像母鸡生蛋一样，怎么也生不下来。但作文非写不可，它占语文考试成绩半壁江山。我经过三十几年的作文教学实践和研究，采用三步六法作文教学法，收到了较好的效果。
一、“三步”使学生作文上路
第一步、硬着头皮写下去。初学写作，是件头疼的事，写作文只能硬着头皮写下去。其实，小学生作文只是简单的写作，不是作家的创作，它姓“小”，在新课标中定位为习作。这种习作，只是让学生把自己在生活中看到的、想到的、做过的事儿记下来。对于小学生的习作，要求不要过高，不要用作家的眼光去要求，应低下头，俯下身子去看待。小学生作文简单地说，就是把话写通顺，把事说明白就是一篇好文章，也就是用五官写作文。
1．用眼睛写作文。眼睛是心灵的窗口，每天只要你睁大好的眼睛，就会看到许多新鲜的事物，笔下就有写不完的事儿。如早晨上学路上，看到日出，看到天空飞过的小鸟，看到大自然的花开花落，看到田野里忙碌的人群;在学校里,你目睹校园隆重的升旗仪式，在课堂上聆听老师娓娓动听的讲课情景；在校园你参加丰富多彩的课外活动；在家里，你整理房间，拖地扫地，刷锅洗碗，看电视，读书，上网；在街上，你坐公交车为老人主动让座，看到人们抢救晕倒的病人，行人为残疾人募捐的情景，这些事儿用手中的笔记录下来，就是好作文。2．用耳朵写作文。在日常生活中，我们会听到许多新鲜的事儿，只要我们用耳朵细心去倾听，就不愁作文没话可写。如上课听老师精彩的演讲，课外听同学们讲故事，回家听姥姥讲童话神话故事，街上听到好人好事都可以写下来。同时，我们每天上学会听到各种各样的声音；如汽车喇叭的滴滴声，街上呜里哇啦的叫卖声，大自然中甲虫的嗡嗡声，家里养的小狗的汪汪叫声，槽头边小牛的咩咩声，湖边潺潺的流水声，下雨天噼里啪啦的雨点声，教室里朗朗的读书声，操场里飞扬的叫喊声。写作文时，能形象的写出听到的声音，就会使你的作文增色不少。
3、用鼻子写作文。每天我们的鼻子会闻到各种各样的味道。早晨起来，晴天会闻到清新甜润的空气，雾霾天气，会闻到沙粒的苦涩味。走进花园，沁人心脾的花香会迎鼻扑来。走进果园，清香甜美的水果让你吃个够。在家里，厨房里不时飘出的香喷喷的饭菜，在街上吃火锅时，麻辣味会迎鼻扑来。生病时，你必须服下难以下咽的苦味药片。写作文时，把自己用鼻子闻到的各种各样的气味写下来，作文就会有声有色。
4、用嘴巴写作文。语言是心灵的窗口，写作文时，恰当地描写人物的语言，能反映人物的精神世界，表现人物的精神品质。如在课堂上，回答老师提出的问题，在课后和同学交流学习经验，在班会上和同学们发言讨论的情景；在家里，父母安排我们干家务活，嘘寒问暖的情景；在街上，和同学熟人打招呼的对话，在商场买东西时，和售货员讨价还价的对话；还有我们的嘴巴尝到的酸甜苦辣，都可以写上作文。
5、用手脚写作文。写作文时，把自己做过的亲身经历的事写下来，使人感到有身临其境的感受，倍感亲切。如早晨我们在上学路上看日出，听小鸟唱歌，搀扶小朋友过马路；到校后，参加升旗仪式，听老师讲课，回答老师提出的问题，参加主题队会，在校园做游戏，开展读书读报活动。在家里，看电视，玩电脑，干家务，和父母聚餐，照顾生病的爷爷奶奶，带小弟弟玩耍。在田间，帮父母放羊，帮父母收割麦子，看管苹果园。还有跟父母到公园去玩，看到机灵活泼的猴子，凶猛可怕的老虎，这些都是写作的上好材料。
第二步、顺着小路走下去。
学生学会用多种感官写作文，虽然懂得作文的门路，但写起作文来还是一头雾水。教师不能只出题目要求就完事，这样学生只能望“题”兴叹，所以教师要帮学生走出作文的困境，为学生指明作文的路线图，1、拟好题。题目是文章的眼睛，好的题目能调动起学生的写作兴趣。在作文课上，教师为学生命题时，力求新颖一点，如“邻居胖大婶”、“妈妈是个好媳妇”、“我家闹西游”、“家庭大战”、“我们班的五大王子”等等，这些题目就比较新颖，可以吊起学生的胃口，引起小学生的极大兴趣。考试作文，为了避免学生背作文、抄作文的现象，内容常常是话题作文、材料作文，所以更应该训练学生的命题能力。
2、选好材。材料是文章的血肉，一篇好作文由一个个小小的材料拼凑而成，选择典型材料能突出文章的中心，引起读者阅读的兴趣，同读者产生共鸣。如果选材平淡乏味，别人读了如同嚼蜡，谁还愿意去读。所以，教师在平时的作文教学中，教给学生选材的方法，使学生选材时努力做到“人有我无，人有我精”。选材时，第一选材不能选，第二选材不能选，因为别人都在写，你肯定没有别人写的好。第三选材可以写，因为写的人少，可以以新取胜。如“我的傻外公”这篇习作选材内容是这样的：外公平时很吝啬，每次上街，给我连1元钱的小吃也不买，可汶川地震后，他却把自己辛苦攒下的200元捐给了灾区，你说外公傻不傻？
3、构思好。有了材料，还要进行构思，如怎样开头，怎样结尾，怎样分段。运用什么写作方法等。构思通常采用横向构思法、纵向构思法、发散构思法。俗话说“人贵在直，文贵在曲”，事叙写人的文章中应多编故事，且故事情节应该一波三折，跌宕起伏，这样才能吸引读者。关于波折就有一个故事：古时候，一个秀才为母亲祝寿，家里来了许多客人，按照当地的习俗，坐首席的要先作一首诗，所有秀才都哑口无言，这时一位农民打扮的人竟坐在首席，别人想把他轰下来，这时这位老农即兴吟了一首诗“这个婆娘不是人，好似仙女下凡尘。儿孙个个都是贼，偷来蟠桃庆寿辰。”其他人都拍手称快。这个故事说明作文时，要写曲折一些，方能打动读者的心灵。
4、分好段。段是文章的骨架，初写作文的小学生，教师要引导他们，可写三段，而且这三段应该开头像凤头，中间像猪肚，结尾像豹尾。五六年级学生可以写八段十段。文章段落的安排可以按事情的发展顺序安排，按时间顺序安排，按总分总的顺序安排，按事情的性质安排，按人物的出没安排。这样写的文章就层次清楚，泾渭分明。写好中心。中心是文章的灵魂，一篇文章应该有一个中心，向读者介绍说明什么，歌颂赞扬什么，批评什么，指责什么，都要观点鲜明，不能有一点含糊。一般是开头点明中心或在结尾点明中心，有能力的同学，在文章的结尾，可以进行议论，谈一谈自己的感想，以深化主题，点明中心。
5、写好字。字是文章的脸面，一手好字就等于作文成功了一半，因为你的作文是给老师同学读的，你写的潦草谁还愿意去读？所以作文时教师一定要指导学生把字写好，写规范，这样你的作文就能拿到较高的印象分。
6、修改好。文章不厌百回改，好作文不是写出来的，是改出来的。教师在平时的作文课上，要教给学生修改作文的方法，作文起草好后，要多读多改，改标点、改错字、改句子、改段落、改中心、改题目。作文起草好后，还可以念给同学听，可以同座互改，可以全班评议。
第三、张开翅膀飞起来。通过以上的训练，学生的作文能力就会大大提高，学生就会具有命题能力，选材能力，构思能力，就可以自己去写作文了。学生的作文再不是拖着走，扶着走，而是可以张开翅膀飞起来。如自己教过的学生朱娜，白慧梅、2006年考入兰大的我县理科状员乔赟，2011年考入人大的我县理科状员史灵平等同学的作文都能写10多页，字数可达3000多字，写出了很多优秀的习作。我还指导学生办起了《苗苗》文学社，指导学生发表作文70篇。如《生命在轮椅上放歌》、《用生命护绿的人》、《妈妈是个好媳妇》等作品。
二、“六法”成就作文王
1、读书法。阅读是写作的航母,读书可以丰富学生的知识，充实学生的内心世界，提高学生的写作能力。教师要引导小学生从二年级开始就读书，二三年级学生可以读画册、小人书，高年级学生可以读国内外的名著，如《西游记》、《水浒传》、《三国演义》、《鲁宾逊漂流记》等名著，也可以在网上读书。读的书多了，积累多了，脑子里的好词好句多了，写起作文来就会信手拈来。
2、积累法。积累是构建语文之塔的金砖。读书时，要学会积累。教师可引导学生养成良好的读书习惯，不动笔墨不读书，读书时可随身携带一个袖珍笔记本，一边读书一边记录书中的优美句子、段落。长期坚持，就会积累很多写作的语言材料。作文时，可打开笔记，用上好词、好句、好的材料，把自己的作文打扮的更加亮丽。
3、观察法。大自然不是缺少美，而是缺少发现。提起观察，小学生最大的毛病就是缺乏正确的观察方法，一说观察，学生只能走马观花，只能看出事物的皮毛之处。这里向大家介绍几种特殊的观察方法。一是风扇式360度的观察法。就是观察事物时，像风扇一样，360度旋转，对事物进行全方位、多角度的观察，这种观察方法不仅观察到事物的整体，也可以观察到事物的各个微小环节。如写“我爱我们的校园”一文时，可采用风扇式观察法，对校园的大门、花园、教室，旗台、操场等进行全方位观察，作文就一定会写得具体生动。二是鼠标点击法，也叫定点观察法。观察事物时，对重点部位要进行细致的观察，如写人物外貌时就要采用定点观察法。如写妈妈的外貌，弯弯的眉毛、葡萄似的眼睛、樱桃似的小口、细细的腰肢，走起路来水上漂，街上的回头率是99%等。写“我的妹妹爱跳舞”一文时，要重点写妹妹跳舞的动作，就可以采用鼠标点击法，对妹妹跳舞的姿势进行细致的描写：他一会儿如蜻蜻点水，一会儿像鹞子翻身，一会儿像鲤鱼打滚，一会儿像仙女下凡，观众无不拍手叫好。三是破坏性观察法。对于那些隐藏的事物，不破坏看不出的事物，可采用破坏性观察法，如葱、萝卜可以拔出来看一看，水果可以咬一口尝一尝，食堂的饭菜可以吃一口才能品出它的味道。
4、练习法。作文能力是练出来的。教师平时课堂教学，应注重练笔活动，提倡每课一练。学校，班级举行的体育比赛，歌咏比赛，演讲比赛，班队活动，让学生把活动写下来。通过大量的练习，学生从三年级开始，每学期大约写50篇作文，四年下来，就练习400多篇作文，这样的练习，小学生作文一定就会走上轨道。
修改法。文章不厌百回改，好文章是改出来的，不 是写出来的。学生作文起草后，教师要引导学生自己去修改，改标点、改错别字、改不通的句子、改结构、改中心、改题目。可采用朗读修改法、同桌修改法、全班交流法、老师评改法，努力使小学生的习作语句顺畅，文理通达。
5、鼓励法。随着新一轮课改的深入，传统的评价方法已不适应学生作文能力的提高，而且扼杀了学生的灵性，泯灭了学生创新思维的火花。试想，学生苦思冥想写出来的作文得到老师的评价是：“书写不认真，语句不通顺，层次不清楚，中心不明确”，这样的评价如五雷轰顶，犹如囚犯被判了死刑一样，学生还有兴趣写作文吗？根据新课标倡导的教学理念，我们应该彻底转变教学观念，采用科学的、激励性的评价方式，重鼓励、轻指责。在作文评价方面采用鼓励性评价方法，作文可设佳作奖、优秀奖、一等奖、二等奖、三等奖、进步奖，全班学生都设奖，让每一位学生都能获得成功的喜悦。如我在六年级教过的一名学生，第一次写作文只写了50多字，我也拿起笔为他评了进步奖，发作文时我还当面表扬他，后来这位同学作文也能写到500字了。对学生的作文我还提出不同的字数要求，如三年级写200字，四年级写300字，五年级写400字，六年级写500字，如二年级学生能写200字，就给100分，写300字就给150分，写400字就给200分。为了鼓励学生多读书，多积累，作文语言要生动，我还采用好词、好句、书写好加10分的方法，激发学生的写作兴趣。这样的评价方法，学生作文的兴趣非常高，他们作文时总想千方百计把字写好、把句子写优美，还要多修改，力争得高分。
总之，在作文教学中，采用“三步”“六法”作文教学法，极大地调动了小学生的写作兴趣，有效地提高了他们的作文能力。
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1、拟好题。题目是文章的眼睛，好的题目能调动起学生的写作兴趣。在作文课上，教师为学生命题时，力求新颖一点，如“邻居胖大婶”、“妈妈是个好媳妇”、“我家闹西游”、“家庭大战”、“我们班的五大王子”等等，这些题目就比较新颖，可以吊起学生的胃口，引起小学生的极大兴趣。考试作文，为了避免学生背作文、抄作文的现象，内容常常是话题作文、材料作文，所以更应该训练学生的命题能力。
2、选好材。材料是文章的血肉，一篇好作文由一个个小小的材料拼凑而成，选择典型材料能突出文章的中心，引起读者阅读的兴趣，同读者产生共鸣。如果选材平淡乏味，别人读了如同嚼蜡，谁还愿意去读。所以，教师在平时的作文教学中，教给学生选材的方法，使学生选材时努力做到“人有我无，人有我精”。选材时，第一选材不能选，第二选材不能选，因为别人都在写，你肯定没有别人写的好。第三选材可以写，因为写的人少，可以以新取胜。如“我的傻外公”这篇习作选材内容是这样的：外公平时很吝啬，每次上街，给我连1元钱的小吃也不买，可汶川地震后，他却把自己辛苦攒下的200元捐给了灾区，你说外公傻不傻？
3、构思好。有了材料，还要进行构思，如怎样开头，怎样结尾，怎样分段。运用什么写作方法等。构思通常采用横向构思法、纵向构思法、发散构思法。俗话说“人贵在直，文贵在曲”，事叙写人的文章中应多编故事，且故事情节应该一波三折，跌宕起伏，这样才能吸引读者。关于波折就有一个故事：古时候，一个秀才为母亲祝寿，家里来了许多客人，按照当地的习俗，坐首席的要先作一首诗，所有秀才都哑口无言，这时一位农民打扮的人竟坐在首席，别人想把他轰下来，这时这位老农即兴吟了一首诗“这个婆娘不是人，好似仙女下凡尘。儿孙个个都是贼，偷来蟠桃庆寿辰。”其他人都拍手称快。这个故事说明作文时，要写曲折一些，方能打动读者的心灵。
4、分好段。段是文章的骨架，初写作文的小学生，教师要引导他们，可写三段，而且这三段应该开头像凤头，中间像猪肚，结尾像豹尾。五六年级学生可以写八段十段。文章段落的安排可以按事情的发展顺序安排，按时间顺序安排，按总分总的顺序安排，按事情的性质安排，按人物的出没安排。这样写的文章就层次清楚，泾渭分明。写好中心。中心是文章的灵魂，一篇文章应该有一个中心，向读者介绍说明什么，歌颂赞扬什么，批评什么，指责什么，都要观点鲜明，不能有一点含糊。一般是开头点明中心或在结尾点明中心，有能力的同学，在文章的结尾，可以进行议论，谈一谈自己的感想，以深化主题，点明中心。
5、写好字。字是文章的脸面，一手好字就等于作文成功了一半，因为你的作文是给老师同学读的，你写的潦草谁还愿意去读？所以作文时教师一定要指导学生把字写好，写规范，这样你的作文就能拿到较高的印象分。
6、修改好。文章不厌百回改，好作文不是写出来的，是改出来的。教师在平时的作文课上，要教给学生修改作文的方法，作文起草好后，要多读多改，改标点、改错字、改句子、改段落、改中心、改题目。作文起草好后，还可以念给同学听，可以同座互改，可以全班评议。
`通讯地址：甘肃省灵台县星火乡老户小学 作者：杨德福 电话*** 邮箱236748269@qq126，用”六法”写出最牛的作文 744411甘肃省灵台县星火乡老户小学 杨德福
1、读书法。阅读是写作的航母,读书可以丰富学生的知识，充实学生的内心世界，提高学生的写作能力。教师要引导小学生从二年级开始就读书，二三年级学生可以读画册、小人书，高年级学生可以读国内外的名著，如《西游记》、《水浒传》、《三国演义》、《鲁宾逊漂流记》等名著，也可以在网上读书。读的书多了，积累多了，脑子里的好词好句多了，写起作文来就会信手拈来。
2、积累法。积累是构建语文之塔的金砖。读书时，要学会积累。教师可引导学生养成良好的读书习惯，不动笔墨不读书，读书时可随身携带一个袖珍笔记本，一边读书一边记录书中的优美句子、段落。长期坚持，就会积累很多写作的语言材料。作文时，可打开笔记，用上好词、好句、好的材料，把自己的作文打扮的更加亮丽。
3、观察法。大自然不是缺少美，而是缺少发现。提起观察，小学生最大的毛病就是缺乏正确的观察方法，一说观察，学生只能走马观花，只能看出事物的皮毛之处。这里向大家介绍几种特殊的观察方法。一是风扇式360度的观察法。就是观察事物时，像风扇一样，360度旋转，对事物进行全方位、多角度的观察，这种观察方法不仅观察到事物的整体，也可以观察到事物的各个微小环节。如写“我爱我们的校园”一文时，可采用风扇式观察法，对校园的大门、花园、教室，旗台、操场等进行全方位观察，作文就一定会写得具体生动。二是鼠标点击法，也叫定点观察法。观察事物时，对重点部位要进行细致的观察，如写人物外貌时就要采用定点观察法。如写妈妈的外貌，弯弯的眉毛、葡萄似的眼睛、樱桃似的小口、细细的腰肢，走起路来水上漂，街上的回头率是99%等。写“我的妹妹爱跳舞”一文时，要重点写妹妹跳舞的动作，就可以采用鼠标点击法，对妹妹跳舞的姿势进行细致的描写：他一会儿如蜻蜻点水，一会儿像鹞子翻身，一会儿像鲤鱼打滚，一会儿像仙女下凡，观众无不拍手叫好。三是破坏性观察法。对于那些隐藏的事物，不破坏看不出的事物，可采用破坏性观察法，如葱、萝卜可以拔出来看一看，水果可以咬一口尝一尝，食堂的饭菜可以吃一口才能品出它的味道。
4、练习法。作文能力是练出来的。教师平时课堂教学，应注重练笔活动，提倡每课一练。学校，班级举行的体育比赛，歌咏比赛，演讲比赛，班队活动，让学生把活动写下来。通过大量的练习，学生从三年级开始，每学期大约写50篇作文，四年下来，就练习400多篇作文，这样的练习，小学生作文一定就会走上轨道。
修改法。文章不厌百回改，好文章是改出来的，不 是写出来的。学生作文起草后，教师要引导学生自己去修改，改标点、改错别字、改不通的句子、改结构、改中心、改题目。可采用朗读修改法、同桌修改法、全班交流法、老师评改法，努力使小学生的习作语句顺畅，文理通达。
5、鼓励法。随着新一轮课改的深入，传统的评价方法已不适应学生作文能力的提高，而且扼杀了学生的灵性，泯灭了学生创新思维的火花。试想，学生苦思冥想写出来的作文得到老师的评价是：“书写不认真，语句不通顺，层次不清楚，中心不明确”，这样的评价如五雷轰顶，犹如囚犯被判了死刑一样，学生还有兴趣写作文吗？根据新课标倡导的教学理念，我们应该彻底转变教学观念，采用科学的、激励性的评价方式，重鼓励、轻指责。在作文评价方面采用鼓励性评价方法，作文可设佳作奖、优秀奖、一等奖、二等奖、三等奖、进步奖，全班学生都设奖，让每一位学生都能获得成功的喜悦。如我在六年级教过的一名学生，第一次写作文只写了50多字，我也拿起笔为他评了进步奖，发作文时我还当面表扬他，后来这位同学作文也能写到500字了。对学生的作文我还提出不同的字数要求，如三年级写200字，四年级写300字，五年级写400字，六年级写500字，如二年级学生能写200字，就给100分，写300字就给150分，写400字就给200分。为了鼓励学生多读书，多积累，作文语言要生动，我还采用好词、好句、书写好加10分的方法，激发学生的写作兴趣。这样的评价方法，学生作文的兴趣非常高，他们作文时总想千方百计把字写好、把句子写优美，还要多修改，力争得高分。
总之，在作文教学中，采用“三步”“六法”作文教学法，极大地调动了小学生的写作兴趣，有效地提高了他们的作文能力。
第四篇：寒假作文王心岚
王心岚
寒假作文
指导教师:陈瑞清 晋江市安海养正中心小学六年级8班
关心
2012-1-14 关心如一杯白开水，虽然很小，很淡，但是却温暖了我那幼小的心灵；关心如一缕阳光，照亮了我的心房。
小时候，长辈对我是百般呵护，十分关心我。生病了，悉心照顾我，什么事情都帮我准备好。小时候每个孩子都是家中的小皇帝、小公主，我也不例外。
渐渐长大了，园丁又辛勤地培育，照顾我们这些祖国的花朵。在我的心房中记录着别人关心我的事，至今那一件事情还令我难忘。
那是一天下午放学后，老师走过来对我说：
“如今，你的妈妈生病了，又临近考试，这段时间你就先住在我家吧。” 我听后点了点头，便和老师一同回家了。老师每天都要上课，回来后又忙着给我做饭，接着又给我辅导功课，让我睡着之后，才去工作。
有好几个夜晚，我起来上厕所，路过老师的房间，空间里面还亮着光。好奇心驱使我悄悄打开一小缝，我透过缝隙看见老师还在灯光下辛勤工作，批改着我们的作业。
我轻轻地关上门，心里暗暗发誓：老师实在是太辛苦了，这么晚了还要帮我们批改作业。我一定要考出好成绩！“皇天不负有心人”，期末考试，我不负众望取得了优异的成绩，老师开心地笑了。这时，妈妈的病也好了，看见我的成绩更是笑得合不拢嘴了。
虽然，这件事情已经过去了许久，都是那次在老师家生活的日子，那段美好的回忆却永远留在了我的脑海中，令我记忆犹新，至今无法忘却。
第五篇：研究生英语期末口语考试话题（范文）
Topics for Oral Test 1.你知道转基因食物吗？你认为这对健康有害吗？What do you know
GM food? Do you think it is harmful to health?
D: Hey ,everybody，a few days ago，I read a paper that China have done several researchs on genetically modified foods and have eaten them.As far as I am concerned，The United States is also favor of genetically modified foods , but Europe is against them firmly.what do you think of it?
L: Well, I think it's a great idea to have genetically modified foods.D: Really？Why?
L: Well, genetically modified plants may need fewer pesticides than normal plants.For example, there is a type of corn that is bad for insects——when the insects eat the corn plant, they die.However, the corn doesn’t hurt people.This type of corn is beneficial because famers use fewer pesticides to grow the corn, and so there is less pollution in the environment.Also the corn is less expensive because the farmers don’t have to spend a lot of money on pesticides.So, by using fewer pesticides the corn is cheaper and the environment is cleaner.H: Yes, and there are two another benefits of genetically modified food.One is that they may grow better than normal plants.The other one is that many genetically modified plants stay fresh longer after they are harvested.What’s more, because of its high yield, it increases the possibility of solving the global hunger issues.But do you think the GM foods are all safe?
Y: Well, there is no answer.No effects on human health have been shown as a result of the consumption of such foods by the general population in the countries where they have been approved.So far, there is little evidence that GM foods are harmful to health.However，there are some countries holding the opposite views.D: I firmly agree with that.Everything has two sides, Some European countries such as Austria, their consumer groups oppose the sale of importing genetically modified food, they believe that genetically modified foods affect human health.In Europe, the government's attitude is, genetically modified food are insecurity.Some social groups and organizations called for scientists to confirm the safety of genetically modified foods.Y: yeah, what you said are reasonable.In my opinions, I prefer to eat the natural and common food rather than the GM food.The GM food is mixed some additive genes into a new one by the transgenic technology so that the GM food has unknown effects to human beings if they eat it, such as: people will be allergic to the GM food because it have added some parts of gene which can make people allergic.H: Objectively speaking, we can't simply label GM foods with good or bad labels.So , What we should do is to learn to view things with dialectical thought.That is to say, we should use the objective critical and inclusive vision to treat GM foods.With the development of technology, I firmly believe that someday the scientist will tell us whether genetically modified food is angle or a devil.2.有时候，当你从不同的角度观察同一件事物的时候，也许会变得不同。你也这样认为么？Sometimes, the same thing may seem to be different when it is observed from different perspectives? Do you think so? Share your experiences with your partners.What’s your view about this question?
A：Sometimes, the same thing may seem to be different when it is observed from different perspectives.Do you think so?
B：Yes，I totally agree with this statement.Have you ever heard a classical story which reflecting two different attitudes toward the same thing? When looking at a glass with some water in it, people may respond differently.Some may focus on the negative aspect and describe the glass as half empty;others may emphasize the positive aspect of it and regard it as half full.In other words, people may hold completely different ideas about the same thing.C：I also agree with this view.The two different answers to this question represent two different attitudes towards life--optimistic attitude and pessimistic attitude.Chinese old saying indicates, “A blessing in disguise（塞翁失马焉知非福）”,it means :For a time, though it was lost, it would be good for it.D：Yeah，the words remind me of an inspirational story.The great inventor Edison Thomas have studied more than 8000 not suitable materials of filament, people asked him: “you have failed the 8000 times, what is the use for you to continue this research?” Thomas Edison said that I have not failed.On the contrary, I found more than 8000 not suitable material.A：I also appreciate Edison's optimistic attitude towards life.From another perspective, the thing is different.In life, many people are easy to feel frustrated by meeting a bit of setback.As far as I am concerned, we need to change our perspectives and learn to keep positive and optimistic like Edison when facing difficulties so that we can have more power to pursue our dreams.D：Yeah.Edison's story has been encouraging me to be optimistic.Before reading this story, I always be depressed when there were a lot of mistakes in the homework.But, now I will fell very lucky in this case, because these problems can be found in time before exam.C：Oh , great!So, learn to change a point of view, life is full of hope and happiness.As we all known, life doesn’t always run smoothly, but you have got to think positive.And there is no denying that most optimists have a high happiness index，which can hardly be experienced by pessimists.B：Ok.Speaking of which, I have a word to share with you.Turn around, is another starting point, change an angle, you will find a different scenery!(转身，是另一个起点，换一个角度，你会发现不一样的风景！)
3.请针对我们应该如何面对流行病给出几条建议：
Please give some advice about what we should do when faced with an epidemic.A:As[武汉天气不稳定，最近很多人感冒了，是吧？] we all known, the weather in Wuhan is sometimes cold and sometimes hot, so , recently ,many people catch a cold, is it?
B: Yeah, of course.Just like me.I've just recovered from a bad cold, I felt dizzy, and cough day and night。
C:I know that you had a bad time, there is no doubt that the flu is a common epidemic in our daily life.However, there are many other epidemics which is hard to be cured.Can you show me an example?[我知道你渡过了一段难过的时间，毫无疑问流感是我们日常生活中的一种常见流行病。很容易治疗，吃药即可。但是还有很多流行病难以治疗，你们能列举几个例子吗？]
D:One example just appears in my mind, that is SARS.I still remember it broke out in 2002, at that time, I was just in primary school.It was like a strong tornado [tɔ:ˈneɪdəʊ] that swept the whole country and many people were killed by it.A: Yes, I still remember that our life was disturbed and we had to stay at home during those days.We tried our best to fight against the SARS and help each other.Fortunately, we took control of it by the end.B:Ye]ah, another example occurs to me, AIDS.It is a vital [ˈvaɪtl] epidemic, and it caused by a virus(ˈvaɪrəs)called HIV.What’s more, it was first reported in 1980 in the US, the most common manifestation(症状)of AIDS include fever, vomiting ['vɒmɪtɪŋ], headache and so on.The HIV is transmitted by 3 main routes, they are sexual, maternal [məˈtɜ:nl] and blood-borne.C:Yeah,in addition, I know that AIDS will not infect through public facilities, and will not spread through shaking hands and hugging.In a word, numerous epidemics break out, and they have caused the most disastrous impacts on us.D:Yeah,you are right.As the saying goes, prevention is better than cure.Now that there are so many epidemics in our daily life, what should we do when faced with an epidemic, can you give us some advice?
A:Oh,I know something about that.For example, people could prevent catching a cold if they dress warmly and have a good rest when the winter comes.But many people get sick so that they have to spend much time and money in seeing a doctor.B: What’s more, I think we need to clean our dormitory every day.What’s more, we should keep our laboratory [ləˈbɔrətəri] clean and tidy and open the windows every morning.C:Yes,I totally agree with you.In order to protect ourselves from the epidemics, it’s important for us to eat more vegetables, fruit instead of junk food and do more exercises.We will deserve for a better life.4.在你看来，精英教育培养出来的是什么样的人？今天的社会需要什么样的人？ In your opinion, what kind of people should an elite education produce? What kind of people are really needed in today’s society?
A: Hi, good morning!B/C/D: Good morning!A: Do you know what day is it 5 days later? B: Your birthday? A: No
C: Your boyfriend’s birthday? A: No D: I know, it is college entrance examination, am I right? A：Yes, you are right!It is college entrance examination, which we all have experienced about 5 years ago.In another words, we have received 5 years of higher education.Should higher education be elite education or mass education?
B: Wait, wait… what is elite education? I have ever heard about these vocabularies, but don’t know the real meaning of it.C: Let me tell you!An elite education is that the enrollment rate of the right age is below the 15%.It means only a few people can have the chance to be educated.In other words, the elite education is a kind of “individualized” education which emphasizes the development of individual talents.D: Mass education is opened to everyone regardless of your qualifications.In other words, mass education tends to be “universal and extensive”, which emphasizes the utility of education to the whole society.B: oh, I see.Elite education is offered for only a few people, so the education we have taken in the past 5 years is the elite education, am I right? A: Yeah, maybe you are right to some degree.It depends on how you understand the goal of elite education.In your opinion, what kind of people should an elite education produce?
D: In my opinion, elite education is not aristocratic education(贵族教育)though it offers to a few students.Elite education should produce the elites and leaders of this society.And these elites could help with the development of this society.C: However, elite education may also produce people overestimate themselves and not able to communicate with people who do not take elite education, although they may be proficient in several foreign languages.B: Yeah, you are right.Do you think these elites cultivated by elite education are the people our society really need?
A: On one hand, as we all know, Roman is not built in one day, so does our society.The development and prosperity of our society cannot be separated from the social elite, as well as the ordinary people.On the other hand, actually, China is a developing country with large population and scarce resources.We do not have enough conditions to provide elite education.D: Yeah, as a result, for the current stage, the purpose of Chinese higher education is mainly produce practical and professional talents.At the same time, general education also has certain requirements, in order to meet the requirements of the “specialized personnel” in the outline.C: Yes, you are right.I hope our country will combine the advantages of elite education and mass education according to our present situation.In that way, we may harvest all kinds of talents our society needs.5.你是否有经常或偶尔的接近自然来远离城市噪音？你希望生活在城市还是在乡村，你更喜欢什么样的生活？为什么？Do you regularly or occasionally get close to nature to escape the city noise? What kind of life do you prefer to live, the life in city or in the countryside? Why?
Y：What a wonderful day!It’s a good time to go out for a walk.How is your grandfather after surgery ,紫薇?
H: Well, he is slowly recovering after moving to the countryside to live.Y: That sounds comforting.How about living in the countryside ?
H: It’s a good choice!The countryside is so peaceful and beautiful!I just come back from countryside with my parents.I spent my childhood in country when I was a baby.That’s a great memory.D: I partly agree with you, because the countryside is not as convenient as the city.For example, the city offers more opportunities and entertainment.L: I prefer country life to city life.Just like what I have seen on TV, there are too many stunning scenes which can not be seen in cities.For example , in Summer nights, thousands of stars are glimmering in the dark , this beautiful scenery attracted me so much.When I have lived in city for a long time, which makes me find some social ills of city life.D: I know what you mean.But I’m hardly agree with that.The city developed more quickly than the country.Flourishing businesses and advanced equipment are changed every day, which is so exciting.H: I agree with 刘高辉.Because the country life gives us opportunity to close to nature.One can see trees, grass and listen to the birds whenever.It’s a good to health.What’s more ,there is less noise , pollution，pressure and crime.It provides us more fresh air and quite.D: Yes, I see.But country life may not be that perfect.People usually lack culture activities.They are relatively ill informed.Things go fairly slowly there.And people miss some golden opportunities of making a fortune.L: The disadvantages of country did existed.I plan to live in the country,after i retired.Maybe it is a better choice.H: Oh, it just what I think!And Country people have chance to experience the lifestyle of city when they come to cities.D: what is your ideal life like? My ideal life is that i have a right to choose life.so I need to pay more efforts to learn now.How about you ,杨榕瑕?
Y: In my opinion ,the answer is not certain.Whatever life we lead,we can never feel perfectly satisfied, for conveniences and inconveniences always coexist.People wish that they could enjoy the pleasure of both lives.And you,刘高辉?
L: I get ready to work hard when I’m young.For example, I eager to experience more fresh things to broaden the field of vision and social experience before 40 years old.Y: Sounds good!Good luck!
6.什么是快乐？你认为我们应该怎样获得快乐？What is happiness? In what ways can we achieve happiness? A：Hi, good morning!Did you eat breakfast this morning? B: yeah, I have eaten steamed stuffed buns(包子)and soybean milk（豆浆）['sɔibi:n;milk] in Gui Xiang Yuan, it’s very delicious.C：Me too.I have eaten hot-dry noodles this morning and feel very full and satisfied.I also feel so happy.D: Wow!You may achieve happiness every time to time, since you are so easy to be satisfied.C: Yeah.There is a saying that “contentment brings happiness”, I do believe it.Indeed, it brings me a sense of happiness.(smile^_^)
B: I’m agree with you, happy people feel satisfied with themselves, and they’re happy with what they have.They may be a little overweight, or may not have the best job, or may not live in a big, fancy house, but they are satisfied with what they have.This feeling of happiness comes from the inside, not from something outside.A: You mean, happy people feel satisfied with themselves, unhappy people are often not satisfied with what they have? Then, I have a question “Do you think ‘阿Q’ , the chapter in Lu Xun’s work--story of Ah Q be a happy person? He is satisfied with what he has, but I think he is poor more than happy.B: 阿Q is a special character in a special background.He lives in his own world and use “spirit victory(精神胜利法)” to get the feeling of satisfied.He doesn’t get the real happiness because he achieves satisfactions from fantasies(幻想), instead of his own effort.D：I see.The real happiness comes from contentment, and real contentment comes from your own effort.In another words, if you have tried your best but still don't get what you want, then you may stop and enjoy what you already have.In this way, you can easily achieve happiness.B: Bingo.This is what I mean.C: I agree with you, too.But I also find that happy people have one in common.That is, they are all optimistic—they look at the positive side of life, not the negative.A：Yeah, when happy people have problems, they assume that things will approve.They don’t worry and think that all bad things can happen, it’s quite normal.So they can take it easy.However, unhappy people are the opposite.When they have a problem, they think about how bad everything is and assume that it’ll get worse.So they make themselves even more unhappy.D: I totally agree with you, and I think another thing can bring us happiness—helping others.It is proved effective every time since I have tried.Of course, I help other people because I can and I want help them, as well as they are really in need, not for the aims of getting happiness.But from this process, I really achieve a kind of amazing and wonderful feeling—it may be called “happiness”.C: You are great.Maybe I should learn from you.Just as the old saying says “Present rose to others with remaining fragrance at hand.” When you are helping others in need, you are helping yourself, so that you can achieve happiness.B: I really hope people with kind-heart and optimistic will achieve happiness forever.7.你相信你是美丽的（英俊）吗？你有没有想过整容？整容手术的优点和缺点是什么？Do you believe you are beautiful(handsome)? Have you ever thought about cosmetic surgery [kɔzˈmetik ˈsə:dʒəri]整容手术? What are pros and cons of cosmetic surgery?
H：梦鸽, what do you think of plastic surgery? like lip implants, breast implants?
D:Yeah , absolutely.I would like now, but four years ago, maybe I don’t agree.H: Interesting!I think the biggest advantage of cosmetic surgery is its ability to turn an ordinary face to a very lovely one.It can make up for your regret of your body, your face or any other part of your body.Y:Well, I agree with that.You may become confident in your daily life, which will make you energetic when you work, so you may make more achievement in your career.Just like the recent phenomenon: more and more people, especially some young girls choose to take plastic surgeries.They argued that this kind of surgery can improve one’s opportunity to secure a good job.D:Do you agree with me?
Y:Yeah, especially when women get older, they will have plastic surgery due to effect of media and society.Maybe they would like to have plastic surgery here or there.L: I partly agree with you.But I don’t have to give up any parts if I were a women.Because many factors influence of the standard of beauty.The believe beauty is more important than external beauty when people get older.Y:AHA.Don’t you want to place it in a more appropriate location , Imagining you get older?
L: I just like enjoy the natural.And there are still a huge danger.Many tragic（悲剧）incidents have been reported recent years that one get hurt or blind or even dead when she adopts a cosmetic surgery.A person only has one chance of life.Nothing is important than life in the world.D: But I think many men may like it, people prefer to pursuit good things, after all.L: Maybe ,of course they do.Nowadays cosmetic surgery is also for men.What about you 胡紫薇 ,do you believe you are beautiful? What will you do if you get a chance to do a cosmetic surgery one day?
H: HAHAHA.....,I like my body.Just like the saying goes :beauty is only skin-deep(外在美不过是表面现象).So I will not to do a cosmetic surgery now.And in my opinion, we should consider the advantages and disadvantages of cosmetic surgery.Now we can also find that there are too many famous people who are not memorized by their appearance, but their personality and special habits.8.你认为“事实胜于雄辩”这句话是什么？请用例子来说明它。What do you think of the saying “Actions speak louder than words.”? Please use examples to illustrate it.1、百说不如一做。理想总是丰满的，不能空有理想，要付出实际行动。一种被付诸实践了的行动要比一百种想法都要可靠。举例：、与我们相近的例子是我们总是在幻想自己能干这个干那个，可是真正到了要付诸实践的时候就很轻易被打倒，不作为。
A: Good morning, everyone.B/C/D: Good morning!
A:Last night I have read a saying “Actions speak louder than words”, but I don’t know what does it really mean, does it means nonverbal communication is more important than spoken language or something else? Can you help me? I feel so confused.B: Oh, don’t worry.It is very normal, not be confused.Because one word may have different meanings under different context, let alone a saying.May be your understanding is right to some degree.C: Yes, maybe you are right, isn’t it? But in my opinion, “Actions speak louder than words” means what you do is more important than what you say.And if you say you are going to do something, then you need to do it.[引入第一种观点：实际行动比你说的话要重要的多。“百说不如一做。”]
D: Yeah, I agree very strongly with you!“Actions” means you should do something instead of staying here and do nothing.But in our daily life, too many people, even include me, “words speak louder than actions”.Moreover, plans of action were not always properly implemented.[提出现实却是相反的，很多人都是“说的比做得多”。计划也总是不能完全被实施。]
B：Me too!I had planned to read 3 papers this week and complete a course paper.However, I didn’t do as I had planned, and now I feel a lot of pressure(>_<).Moreover, most people I know who waited to travel the world never did.（无奈）[举例论证观点一]
A: I've had many similar experiences like you, but I think we should do more than only speak.In other words, talks little but does more.[观点一总结：少说话，多做事！]Is there any other understanding of this saying?
C：Of course!Another meaning of this saying is that no matter how you are skilled in debate, you can hardly defeat the fact.In this situation, actions refer to the civisms or other debates against you.[观点二：事实胜于雄辩！]In fact, words are the shallowest portion of all the argument.[事实上，在一切雄辩中，语言往往是最浅薄的部分。] Have you ever heard the story of Yu Gong who removed the mountains?
D: Yes, I know.It describes an old man with very strong perseverance, who finally moved away the mountain in front of the door through he and his family’s continuous efforts.It tells us that unless you give up, you will be succeed sooner or later.[愚公移山的例子] B: You are right.But on the other hand, it also verifies that “facts speak louder than words.” Even though many people have disapproved with him, even questioned him.But he, Foolish Old Man, doesn’t defeat by his opponents, who are skilled in debate.Facts proved that he is right and he is not the foolish man.He is the man who has great wisdom.A: I see.Thank you very much.I don’t feel confused now.And I think I have learnt the real meaning of this saying “actions speak louder than words”.Thank you!(The End[提问者对几个帮助他的回答者表示感谢！])
9.你认为在现代社会中，失眠是一个严重的问题吗？失眠的原因是什么？对失眠患者的建议。
Do you think insomnia [ɪnˈsɒmniə]失眠 is a serious problem in the modern society? What are the causes for insomnia? Think of advice for people with insomnia.A:JOHN B:ELLA C:MARY D:CRIS C: how is it going, ELLA? B: I’m fine, thank you!And you, you looked so tired? C: Well, I just can’t fall sleep at all lately.I didn't close my eyes until early this morning.A: Anything bother you, Study or the other things? D: The Dragon Boat Festival holiday is coming.You were too excited to sleep, weren’t you? B: AHA.I wasn't sure if I had insomnia.I will wake up in the middle of the night, and always do all kinds of dreams.Feeling the whole body tired especially in the morning.A: It sounds so bad.How long has it been like this? C: From two weeks ago.D: You should see a doctor, like a psychological doctor.C: Thank you, JOHN.There are something bothered me and I thought some bad things about my study and my future life? Maybe I need to relax myself, such as do some exercises before go to bed.A: Do you think that insomnia is a serious problem in the modern society? More and more people have been suffering from insomnia, especially for office workers.B: I agree with that.Insomnia refers to lack of sleep or poor quality of sleep, which causes fatigue or discomfort, such as inattention, weakness, poor alertness, low spirit, headache and tension.There are also insomnia patients around us, they are so difficult to sleep at night, that it effected their daily life.D: Yes, Patients with insomnia will be a heavy black eye during the day, and they seem less energetic and absent-minded.C: It’s so bad, just like what I suffered now, you know.I’m eager to know the reason for that.B: I just know little about this question.Physiological factors such as not a bad sleep routine.Most people like drink tea, coffee or alcohol before sleep, which is harmful to body.What’s more, the sudden change of sleep environment, noise, and high temperature, strong light also lead to insomnia.What do you think of that, CRIS?
D: Well, Psychological factor is another important aspect besides physiological factors.Office workers face the pressure of work and life.Excessive anxiety and depression lead to insomnia.C: We can try our best to avoid insomnia in the daily life, although it is caused by many actors.A: I totally agree with you.Keeping your feet worm and making the bed comfortable before sleeping are the things we can do.B: What’s more, Exercising regularly and don’t open the window while sleeping.D: We would have a good sleep habit if those good habits were developed.A,B,C: That’s right!
10.什么是“善意的谎言”？你有没有说过善意的谎言？你认为讲一个善意的谎言是合乎道德的吗？是，为什么；不是，又为什么？
What is “a white lie”善意的谎言? Have you ever told a white lie? Do you think telling a white lie is ethical? Why or why not?
A：Do you know what is “a white lie”?
B：Yes.On certain occasions, out of necessity, we simply cannot tell the truth but have to lie with good rather than bad intentions.This kind of lie is called a white lie.Here, I can give you an example.I told my friend Sally a white lie when she asked me how I liked her new party dress.I didn't like the color or the design but when I saw how happy she was with it, I told her it looked great.To “lie with good intentions” is very common and almost all of us have done it.Have you ever told a white lie?
A：Yes.In some cases the truth is going to hurt or trouble someone but white lies can give others comfort and encouragement.For example, I told my parents a white lie when I was sick, Even though I was still not feeling well, I smiled and told them I was much better.Just because I didn’t want them to be worried.D：Oh, how sensible you are!Lies have been recognized as a synonym for cheating and hypocrisy and lies are often held in contempt.However, sometimes we need lies in real life, because a white lie can give one comfort and encouragement.If a seriously ill patient can refresh himself to fight against the illness after hearing your white lie, don’t you think your lie is meaningful?
C：It seems that in some cases white lies are very meaningful.But from the perspective of ethics, I still don't support it.Do you think telling a white lie is ethical?
B：Yes, of course.In fact, its existence does not harm the interests of the victims and its motive is kind.To be honest is to make our society more harmonious, to a better development of the society.In this way, white lies accord with the purpose Of honesty.What do you think of it?
C：Oh, I see.But I can’t agree with you.I insist that white lies are lies after all.It’s dishonest to tell even white lies.In my opinion, everyone has the right to know the truth, you have no right to make choices instead of others.Indeed, in some cases, white lies can give you a cure, but who can guarantee that when you know the truth, you will not regret not knowing it earlier.So how about you?
D：Graham(本杰明·格雷厄姆)said that” in human relationships, kindness and lies are worth a thousand truths”.I think he means that in most time telling a white lie is better than tell the truth.So I don’t agree with your presentation.A: Well.Sometimes we need white lies to keep peace.And sometimes we also tell white lies to protect someone.If a girl tries her best to lose weight, but she is still very fat, it’s better for you to say you are very lovely or you really get thinner rather than tell her the truth, “you have put on weight again.” So I hold on to my position.
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