第一篇：新版新目标大学英语综合教程1翻译答案
“Ah, even Tessa left something behind,” Iannounced “哈，连泰莎的东西也忘带走了。”我说道。
“All mirrors,” says George Macdonald.“The commonest room is a room in a poem when I look in the glass”
“凡事皆镜像，”乔治·麦克唐纳说。“从镜子里面看，再普通的房子我也觉得充满诗情画意。”
…… We may transport ourselves to the mountains or the seashore, and visit the most beautiful parts of the earth, without fatigue, inconvenience, or expense ……我们还能遍访山川海岸，尽享大地之最美，而不觉疲倦，没有不便，更不用破费。
After five minutes of crying, arguing and finally compromising, I decided that I’d go inside if my mom came first thing in the morning.在哭闹了五分钟之后，我最终妥协了，心想如果明天妈妈一大早就来接我，那我现在就进去。
Being at Harvardcan be overwhelming, but there is no other place I’d rather be.虽然哈佛的学业压力会很大，但我就是宁愿待在这里。
Books, indeed, endow us with a whole enchanted palace of thoughts.书籍的确赐予我们一座令人神往的思想宫殿。
But Elizabeth beat the other girl to the wall for the victory.但是伊丽莎白先于另一个女孩触壁，赢得了比赛。 But, she said, “I wish that all their pleasure in the park is but a shadow to the pleasure I find in Plato.但她说：“我希望他们在园子里打猎的快乐，与我在柏拉图文字里获得的愉悦相比，只不过是影子而已。”
Collaboration in study groups is a huge part of surviving Harvard’s tough academic load.学习小组合作学习对应对哈佛繁重的学习任务起着重要的作用。
Einstein is the closest you get to describing genius, even small kids know him.描述天才时，爱因斯坦是你能找到的最适合的例子，就连小孩都熟悉他。
Elizabeth treaded water while her teammate put on the sock.队友给她穿袜子时，伊丽莎白踩着水。 He prompted us to remain grateful to God that we had ended up together.他提醒我们要对上帝心存感激，因为我们终于在一起了。
Iapplied as a pre-med student but this semester has shown me that there are virtually limitless options to explore before declaring my major next year.我申请的是医学预科，但一个学期下来，我发现在下一年确定专业之前，我实际上有无数的方向可以选择。
I decided to visit both campuses before making my final decision, and to my surprise,fell in love with Harvard.我决定先实地考察一下这两所学校再做最后选择，没想到的是，我竟然喜欢上了哈佛。
It seems like every time our family gets together something is left behind.似乎每次我们家庭聚会以后，总会留下点什么东西。
Looking back, I’m astonished that, while it seem everything in our lives was changing, nothing had changed whatsoever.当我回想过去，令我惊讶的是其实一切都没有改变，尽管看起来我们的生活样样在变。
Memories are always left behind, I reasoned, and what a precious thing good memories are to us.我寻思着，有些记忆总是留存在脑海里，美好的记忆对我们来说是多么的珍贵啊。
Most notably, I let go of the promise I had once made her that I would become a doctor.最值得一提的是我放弃了曾经向妈妈许下的要当医生的诺言。
Nowhere in the world could we find another academic that rivals the popularity of rock superstars.全世界都找不到另一个像他那样的学者，其知名度可以与摇滚巨星媲美。
She had to go back and touch the wall, so that hurt her time.她又得游回去触碰池壁，这样一来耽搁了时间。 That was really cool to watch, and she flipped very well.看她游泳真是太棒了！她转身转的非常好。 That’s because there is one more thing besides memories left behind … and that is love.那是因为，除了留下的记忆以外，还有一样东西保留下来了，那就是爱……
Then, of course, there are some memories that need to be left behind.The memories of past hurts, unforgiveness, bitterness, and anger should be left behind forever.当然，也有一些记忆是该忘却的。那些曾经的伤害、怨恨、苦痛、愤怒的记忆应该永远忘却。
There is no genius in the world as respected and as loved as loved as albert Einstein.His picture with his distinctive hairstyle even became a pop culture icon.世界上没有哪个天才如同阿尔伯特•爱因斯坦一样受到人们如此的尊敬和爱戴。他那留着与众不同的发型的照片甚至成为一种流行文化的标志。 There is no other personality in the academic world that has even half Einstein’s popularity.在学术界，其他人的知名度连爱因斯坦的一半都不及。
This continues until everyone on the team has completed a lap.这样不断交换，直到每个队员都完成一个来回。 What’s great about Harvard and its surrounding area is that everthing is so accessible哈佛及其周边地区值得称道之处是：一切都相当便利。
With every step along the way, it became clear that letting go of my mother was the only way I would be able to live my life—a life in which I believed myself to be more than the daughter who wasn’t good enough to be loved by her mother.一路走来，我开始明白：唯一能让我开始自己人生的方式便是放下对母亲离去的那份伤感。在这样的人生中，我相信自己不仅仅是一个因表现得不够好而得不到妈妈爱的女儿。
Without stirring from our firesides we may roam to the most remote regions of the earth, or soar into realms where Spenser’s shapes of unearthly beauty flock to meet us, where Milton’s angels peal in our ears the choral hymns of paradise.无须起身离开火炉，我们就可以漫游天涯海角，或是飞到斯宾塞笔下的王国，在那里我们受到成群结队非凡美丽的仙女们的欢迎，或是飞到弥尔顿的天堂，在那里我们欣赏天使们合唱天堂颂歌。
CD的音质胜过任何盒式录音带。No cassette tapes could rival CDs in terms of sound quality 更重要的是学生们明白了在学习和娱乐之间需要找到平衡点More importantly, students understand that they should find a balance between their study and entertainment. 观看激烈的足球比赛是让我忘却工作中一切烦恼的最佳途径。Watching exciting soccer games is the best way to take my mind off all the problems in my work. 很明显，媒体隐藏了重要的信息，没有向公众宣布。Clearly, the media has hidden some important information from the public. 决赛那天到来时，她十分紧张。能否取胜还是悬而未决的事。When the day of the finals arrived, she was very nervous.Whether she could win or not was still up in the sky. 开车对美国人而言就像鸟儿需要飞翔一样，几乎就是他们天性的一部分。Driving is to Americans what flying is to birds.It is almost part of their nature. 没有一个参赛者能追上那个不知疲倦的领跑者。None of the competitors could catch up with the untiring runner who was in the lead. 没有一种不幸可与失去时间相比。There is no other misfortune that could be compared with the loss of time. 南京这座古老而美丽的城市见证过许多重大的历史事件。Nanjing, an ancient and beautiful city, has witnessed many great historic events. 朋友们伤感的目送他开车离开，清楚地知道下次见面应该是很久之后了。Friends sadly watched him drive off, knowing it would be long before they could meet again. 球员们完全不在状态，结果以2:3输掉了比赛。The football team was not in the zone and lost the game with the score of 2 to 3. 如果你花很大力气练习英语口语的话，迟早会取得好效果的。If you make a great effort to practice your oral English, it will pay off in the long run. 如果下雨，足球比赛将延期。In the event of rain, the football match will be postponed. 社区工作人员花了一个月擦去那些曾经是城市印象的涂鸦It took the community workers a month to wipe off the graffiti, which used to be a notable sight of the city. 时间见证了这所大学悠久的历史、自由的学术氛围和充满活力的学生生活。Time has witnessed the long history, free academic atmosphere and energetic students’life of the university. 太阳火辣辣的，与他那天在奥运会上所面临的竞争一样火热The sun is as hot as the competition that he was confronted with at the Olympic Games. 提纲之于作家，犹如蓝图之于建筑师The outline is to a writer as the blueprint is to an architect. 乡村音乐是当今美国最流行的音乐形式之一。Country music is one of the most popular forms of music in the United States today. 幸运的是我们可以跟着这本食谱一步步来做这些美味佳肴。Luckily, we could cook all these delicious courses by following the steps provided in the recipe book. 学习对于人的思想，犹如食物都与人的身体。As food is to the body, so is learning to the mind. 由于暴风雪，这个村子的水电供给都已经被切断。This village’s water and power supplies have been cut off because of the snowstorm. 在高海拔地区，人们用很多方法来阻挡紫外线In high altitude areas, people used lots of ways to keep off ultraviolet rays. 在世界上其他任何地方。你都找不到与瑞士一样迷人的风景。Nowhere else in the world can you find scenery as attractive as in Switzerland. 正如剑是战士的武器，笔是作家的武器。Just as a sword is the weapon of a warrior, a pen is the weapon of a writer. 值得注意的是网络公开课的学分已经被很多大学正式接受。Notably, the credits earned from Internet open courses have been officially accepted by many universities. 中国在新世纪将发生重大而深远的变化。The new century will see a significant and far-reaching change in China. 众所周知，中国在2003年成功的发射了第一艘载人宇宙宇宙飞船。As is known to all, the year 2003 saw the successful launching of China’s first manned spaceship. 重游青年时代曾经学习和工作的地方时，他回忆起许多美好的往事。A visit to the places where he had studied and worked during his youth brought back many fond memories. 最忠实的朋友莫过于一本好书。There is no friend as loyal as a good book. 最终粉丝们不得不接受演唱会由于天气原因而改期。Resultantly, the fans had to accept the rescheduling of the concert due to the weather.
第二篇：大学体验英语综合教程1课后翻译答案
1.自从有了移动电话朋友写信了。He has no longer been writing to his friends ever since he got a mobile phone.2.尽管很忙..领域的最新动态。Even though he is very busy, he spends at least two hours every day surfing the Internet in order to find out about / learn about the latest developments in this field.3.李教授在毕业典在我的记忆中。Professor Li gave a short speech at the commencement.His words werestrongly impressed upon my memory.4.讲到期末考试..满脸都是自信。Talking about the final exams the students were not nervous at all.There was full confidence on every one’s face.5.在30分钟内写..是小菜一碟。To write a short passage of about 100 words in 30 minutes would be a snap to most students in their class.1.他的生活经历..着一个重要角色。His life experiences have always been playing a big role in his academic career.2.那家餐厅..了营业时间。The restaurant has recently extended its opening / business hours.3.我刚刚读完..的有趣的书。I’ve just read an interesting book which has a new approach to Shakespeare.4.随着电子邮件..的极大关注。With the wide use of email, the issue of spam / junk email has drawn much concern.5.传统教育比起网络..有着更多的限制。In traditional / conventional education there are more limitations in communication and interaction between teachers and students than there are in online education.1.这钢琴有些.无法说清楚。Something is wrong with the piano, but I can’t put my finger on what it is.2.这条裤子.夹克不相配。Apart from being too large, the trousers don’t match my jacket, either.3.不论理由.流行音乐。I love pop music, for whatever reasons.4.他对外国文化怀.寻找有用的信息。He has great interest in foreign cultures, often browsing through piles of books to look for any useful information.5.在是否要创.见很不一致。Opinions on whether we should start a new society vary a great deal.1.我已经把我的.未收到回复。I have faxed my resume and a cover letter to that company, but I haven’t received a reply yet.2.当别人遇到0.地提供帮助。John will not hesitate for a second to offer help when others are in trouble 3.我得承认我很0到签证不容易。I have to admit that I desire very much to work or study abroad for some time but I know it is not easy to get a visa.4.他到伦敦0找到一份工作。It was not until 2 years after he arrived in London that he found / took a job in an international bank.5.汤姆完成0回到美国的家。After finishing his teaching, Tom traveled throughout China for 2 months before returning home in America.1.这些观众一定是0予高度评价的。The audience must have missed their musical performance, or they would have spoken highly of it.2.尽管她远在他乡0的深切关怀。Somehow she could sense her mother’s deep concern though she was far away from home.3.这个接线员0花两个小时左右。The operator had to spend two hours or so on her way from her home to the workplace every day.4.他感激她的0这意味着许多。He appreciated her sympathy and understanding, which meant a lot to him during that time.5.她终于来0开始拨打巴黎。She finally arrived at a telephone booth and put in the coins before dialing Paris1.我不知道事情会变成这样。Little did I know that things would turn out like that.2.他并不想买车0他买了一辆。He wasn’t keen on buying a car, but I talked him into it.3.成为2008 年北京奥运会志愿队伍中的一员将会是我一生中难得的经历。Being a volunteer in the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games would be a once-in-a-lifetime experience for me.4.吸烟是导致肺癌的主要因素。Cigarette smoking is a major factor contributing to lung cancer.5.这两所大学0举行艺术表演The two universities will unite to stage an art show next month.1.这次贸易谈判0特别大的好处。The trade negotiation is a big success, so it can be uniquely beneficial to both parties.2.我们班的0生会组织的活动。My classmates have been involved, one way or another, in the activities organized by the Student Union.3.对一个没有受0最理想的工作之一。It’s one of the most desirable jobs available to a person without higher education.4.从事科研0有效学习的能力。Undergraduate research can spur students’ independent thinking and effective learning.5.学费每年0很重的负担。The cost of tuition continues to climb each year, which has constituted a heavy burden upon students from poverty-stricken backgrounds..1.罗伯特·彭斯0比作玫瑰花。In his poem, Robert Burns compares the girl he loves to a rose.2.无论你多忙0加同学聚会。No matter how busy you are, you should try to make it back to the class reunion.3.离婚后她需0她安慰的人。After her divorce she needed a shoulder to cry on.4.毕业20年0以前的同学了。He graduated 20 years ago, so he could barely recognize his former classmates.5.什么都无法之间的友谊。Nothing can replace the friendship between intimate friends
第三篇：大学英语综合教程1课后翻译
Unit 1
1.这个婴儿还不会爬，更不要说走了。
The baby can't even crawl yet,let alone walk!
2.威尔声称谋杀案发生时他正在与一群朋友吃饭，但是我认为他在说谎。Will claimed he was dining with a group of friends at the time of the murder , but in my opinion he told a lie.3.一定程度上阅读速度与阅读技巧密切相关；有了阅读技巧，你就可以更好地应对课外阅读了。
To a certain extent the speed of reading is colsely related to reading skills;and with reading skills you cam cope with outside calss reading better.4.根据规则他俩都可以参加比赛。
Acccording to the regulation/rule, they both can play the game/participate in the game.5.有些人想当然地认为日语中的没一个词在汉语中都有对应的词语。
Some peopleassume that there is a Chinese equivalent for every Japanese word.6.我们已将所有的相关信息告知了警方。
We have passed all rlevant information on to the police.7.关于那件事你问我再多的问题也没用，因为我是不会回答你的。
There is no use asking me any more questions about that matter because I won'tanswer.8.事先没有仔细阅读合同就签了名是吉姆的错误。
It was a mistake on Jim's part to sign the contract without reading it carefully.9.他们拒绝向我们提供所需要的全部信息。
They refused to provide us with all the information we need.10.这起事故与三年前发生的一起事故极为相似。
This accident is very similar to the one that happened three years ago.11.这部影片是根据莎士比亚的戏剧改编的。
The film is based on a play by Shakespeare.12.如果你的英语和电脑技术都能掌握好，那么你在谋职时就一定比别人更有优势。
If you have a good command of English and computer skills, you will surely have an advantage over others in finding a job.Unit 2
1.很多老师不赞同这种做法。
Many teachers frowned on this practice.2.当我想从草地上传过去的时候，有位老人在旁边怒视我。
An old man glared at me when I was trying to cut across the law.3.当我提到我的父亲时，她的脸上露出了认出我的笑容。
When I mentioned my father, she showed a smile of recognition on her face.4.我的大孩子比较听话，而小的那个非常倔。
我现在还常回想起小的孩子在中学毕业后是如何执意要出国读书的。
My first born was quite obedint ,whereas my younger child was very stubborn.I can still reacll now how the younger child insisted on going abroad to study after he finished his secondary school.5.当海啸袭来时，许多东南亚国家遭受了巨大的损失。
Coutries in South East Asia sustained gerat losses when the tsunami struch the area.6.每当做母亲的拿弟弟跟哥哥作比较，弟弟就要抗议。
Ever time the mother treis to compare the younger brother with his elder brother, the younger on will protest.7.当他初到这个新学校的时候，发现自己与其他同学格格不入。
He found himself unable to fit in with his classmates when he first came to this school.8.她脸上气急败坏的表情实在把我吓坏了。我再也不敢说个不字。
The fury on her face terrified me.I dared not say no to her again.9.怪不得你最后闯出祸来，原来你从来不听你父母的管教。
No wonder you ended up in trouble.You never followed your parents' advice.10.他花了整整两年的时间才慢慢适应了这个新环境。
It took him two years to adapt to the new environment.Unit 3
1.威廉非常喜欢那女孩子，所以他尽力讨好她，并且很有信心可以赢得她的心。William likes the girl a lot so he tries very hard to imperss her and is optimistic that he will win her heart.2.他有创造性，对未来也有很好的判断力，可就是喜欢秘而不宣。
He is very creative and has a good vision of the future, but he likes to keep things to himself.3.他们来自一个贫穷的小山村，那里的人们远离现代文明。
They came from a poor village where people were shut off from modern civillization.4.我们要努力工作，争取达到我们所订下的目标。
We must work hard and make an effort to achieve the goals that we have set.5.我们应该满足于我们所拥有的一切，不该对周围的事情过分吹毛求疵。
We should learn to becontent with all that we have and should not be too critical about things around us.6.他们经常代表学校参加辩论赛；今晚我们将聚会庆祝他们的成功。
They often represent our school in debating competitions;tonight we will throw a party to celebrate their success.7.通过读书，他不仅开阔了视野，而且学会了不但完善自己的人格。
Through reading, not only has he expanded hie horizon, he has also learned to keeping improving his character.8.为把那个女孩从火中救出，两名警察牺牲了他们的生命。
Two policemen sacrificed lives in order to save that girl from the fire.9.稳定的、无冲突的夫妻关系对家庭中的孩子有好处。
A stable relationship without conflicts between husband and wife benfits the
children in the family.Unit 4
1.我们一知道成绩就互相联系吧！
Let's get in touch as soon as we know the results of the text/exam.2.那音乐激起他强烈的思乡之情。
The music aroused an intense feeling of homesikeness in him.3.你已经工作了一上午了，该休息一下了。
You've been working all morningin other words, you failed.9.她病得很厉害，必须停止工作。
She was so ill that she had to leave off work.10.现在没办法知道结果会怎样，案子的决定权在法官手里，我们所能做的就是等待。
There is no way to tell what is going to happen.The case is in the hands of the judge, and all we could do is to wait.Unit 5
1.我们是好朋友，可他居然将这么大的一件事瞒着我，实在令我吃惊。
We are good friends;however, he kept such an important matter from me ,which took me by surprise.2.考试得不了一百分不要紧。重要的是别失去自信心。
It doesn't matter if you can not get full marks for the exam;what matters is not to lose confidence in yourself.3.昨天晚上他和我聊天，并安慰我说，这种病并不难治，还没人死于这种病。He chatted with me last night and reassured methat the disease was not hard to cure and that nobady had ever died of it.4.她决心用钢铁般的意志来克服生活中的种种障碍。
She was determined to overcome all the obstacles in her life with a will of iron.5.是事实他早就收到我的钱了，却有意不给我回条确认。这实在让我气坏了。
It turned out that he had already received my money, but did not aknowledge the receipt of it on purpose.This really drove me crazy.6.他是个害羞和沉静的男孩，在走上讲台叙述自己的经历之前，他悄悄地坐在礼堂的一角集思冥想。
He is a shy and silent boy.Before he went onto the stage to share his experiences, he sat quietly in a corner of the auditorium, gathering his thoughts.7.他当场承认他要出国留学，因为他相信国外的教育会给他将来的研究国祚打开大门。
He admitted on the spot that he would go overseas for further study as he believed overseas education would open the door to his future research.8.看到自己一个美丽的姑娘，玛丽的叔叔的脸上满是笑容。
Mary's uncle's face lit up when he saw his niece had turned into a pretty young lady in just a few years.Unit 6
1.直起身来，脚要跟上音乐拍子。
Straighten up！You feet should keep time to the rhythm of the music.2.她将一张纸条悄悄塞在了他的手中。他看了以后很不高兴，以为她在取笑他。She slipped a note into his hand.He was very unhappy after reading it, as he thought that she was making fun of him.3.小偷被抓住时，求我们饶恕他。他说他头食物是因为他的妈妈快饿死了，家里几乎一点吃的都没有了。
The thief pleaded for out mercy when he was caught.He said he had stolen the food beacuse his mother wa staving todeath and there was barely and food left in the house.4.既然他们要求更多的电力供应，我们应该满足他们的要求，减轻他们的压力。They have made a request for more electricity supplies, which we should satisfy in order to release them from the pressure they are under.5.他们将酒瓶传了一圈，每人喝了一口后，就向森林深处走去。
They made the rounds with wine bottle;each took a gulp and then they set out for the forest.6.我的电视上订购了一台新的。网上商店会派人送货上门。
My TV set broke down;I have ordered a new one online and the shop is going to have it delivered to the door.7.他的话令所有人不快，大家都停止了吃饭。过了一会儿，大家继续吃饭，但每个人都看上去心事重重。
His words made everyone unhappy and stop eating.After a while, they resumed eating, but they all looked as if something was weighing on their minds.8.像他这么一个温文尔雅的人居然如此粗鲁地打断我们。我们都无法置信地看着他。
We stared at him in dis belief, astonished that someone as gentle as he is could interrupt us so rudely.Unit 7
1.我们刚开始一个新工作，肯定会有很多东西不熟悉。
Whenever we start a new job, there are bound to be a lot of things we may not be familiar with.2.这种新药已经成功地用在动物身上，但这并不意味着它将在人类身上也适用。This new medicine/drug has successfully been used on animals, but this doesn't mean that it can be applied to humans.3.他这次演讲比赛没能得第一名主要是因为他缺乏信心。
His failure to win the first prize in the speech competition is largely due to his lack of confidence.4.对于一般人来说，忧郁症很容易跟压力混淆，因为忧郁症也可是是某些压力的反应。
To the general public, depression can be easily confused with stress, as it may be a response to some types of stress.5.世界粮食的生产将越来越难跟上世界人口的日益增长。
It is becoming increasingly difficult for world food productiong to keep pace with the continuing growth of the world' population.6.要成功地得到一份工作，需要很多因素在一起发挥左右脑更，这些因素包括你的技能、文凭和工作经验。
To successfully get a job , a lot of factors need to come into play, including your skills, diploma and work experience.Unit 8
1.法官要求记者不要公开受害人的姓名。
The judge asked the reporters not to disclose the name of the victim.2.老师费尽苦心务使我们全都理解他说的话。
The teacher took pains to make sure that we all understood what he said.3.最近学校在学业优秀的学生中进行了一项调查。
Recently the school conducred a survey among those students who have attained academic exellence.4.他说他要接受这份工作，我们要求他写封信证实。
He said he would accept the job , so we asked him to confirm his acceptance by writing us a letter.5.乔治学习很努力，他要尽量利用学习机会。
George studies very hard.He wants to make the most of his chance to learn.6.我们不能去。第一，天太冷。另外，我们正忙着。
We can't go.To begin wich, it's too cold.Besides, we're busy.7.该是有人公开讲清楚这些基本事实的时候了。
It's about time that someone spoke up for these basic truths/facts.8.不要说做这事没用，长远看会有好结果的。
Don't say it is profitless to do this.The effort will pay off in the long run.
第四篇：新世纪大学英语综合教程1答案
Key to All Units(abridged)Unit One
Words in Action 1)1.They claim that they have discovered a cure for the disease, but this has not yet been proved.2.If Jane is not here in 10 minutes, we'll assume that she isn't coming and we won't wait for her any longer.3.After years of hard work, she became qualified as a doctor last year.4.They based their estimate on the figures for the last four years.5.Some Chinese words have no equivalents in English.6.The train leaves at about half past eight—8:32, to be precise.7.If you want my personal opinion, I don't think you should go there.8.The rights of the individual are perhaps the most important rights in society.9.She promised solemnly that she would not say a word about it to anyone.10.The house is too small for a family of five;furthermore, it is in a bad condition.11.Human beings are much more intelligent than animals.12.Her new novel is based on her adventures in Africa.2)1.obtain 2.confident 3.communicate 4.advantage 5.relevant 6.helpful 7.extreme 8.enjoyable 9.means 10.process 11.particularly 12.characters 13.astonished 14.apparently 3)1.fond of 2.is … related to 3.according to 4.To a certain extent 5.vice versa 6.no doubt 7.rid … of 8.cleared up 9.or else 10.at all costs 11.sure enough 12.let alone 13.based on 14.It's no use 15.in my view 16.was worth Increasing your word power 1)1.c
2.d
3.b
4.b
5.b
6.d 2)1.highly/very
2.quite/very
3.quite/very/increasingly
4.quite/simply/very 3)ADVERBS
ADJECTIVES efficiently efficient fluently
fluent quickly
quick cheaply
cheap continually continual probably
probable adventurously adventurous finally
final steadily
steady slowly
slow solemnly solemn really
real apparently apparent tentatively tentative exactly
exact 4)1.No mistake 2.especially 3.necessary
4.frequently
5.No mistake
6.easy
7.No mistake
8.individual
9.many 10.highly
11.apparent
12.remarkable 13.probably
14.No mistake Grammar Review Task 1: 1.would/should 2.should/would 3.might 4.would 5.must 6.can't 7.should, should 8.must Task 2: 1.We passed the afternoon very pleasantly, roller-skating in the sun and talking about our childhood under a tree./ The afternoon passed very pleasantly, while we roller-skated in the sun and talked about our childhood under a tree.2.On entering the lecture hall, I was surprised at the size of the crowd./ When I entered the lecture hall, I was surprised at the size of the crowd.3.When I was only a small boy, my father took me to Beijing and we had a lot of fun together.4.To write well, a person must read good books.Cloze(1)doubt
(2)efficient(3)where(4)advantage(5)afford(6)claim(7)fluently(8)qualified(9)extent(10)ridiculous(11)perfect(12)as(13)because(14)individual Translation 1)1.The baby can't even crawl yet, let alone walk!
2.Will claimed he was dining with a group of friends at the time of the murder, but in my opinion he told a lie.3.To a certain extent the speed of reading is closely related to reading skills;and with reading skills you can cope with outside class reading better.4.According to the regulation/rule, they both can play the game/participate in the game.5.Some people assume that there is a Chinese equivalent for every Japanese word.6.We have passed all relevant information on to the police.7.There is no use asking me any more questions about that matter because I won't answer.8.It was a mistake on Jim's part to sign the contract without reading it carefully.9.They refused to provide us with all the information we need.10.This accident is very similar to the one that happened three years ago.11.The film is based on a play by Shakespeare.12.If you have a good command of English and computer skills, you will surely have an advantage over others in finding a job.2)近年来英语教学法有了很大改变，但是还是有大量的教学活动建立在行为主义心理学基础之上。那些信奉行为主义心理学理论的教师热衷于让学生复述短语，并迫使学生做一些只需不断更换句中某个词的练习。假如我们是鹦鹉或黑猩猩，那么这些方法或许能奏效。但是我们不是鹦鹉或黑猩猩，人类的语言交际必须是真实、有意义的。
Theme related writing Write a passage in about 100-120 words, taking either of the following titles: Why I like to learn English I have learned English for about seven years.I should say that I am highly motivated to master English.First of all, learning English is useful, as it is becoming a world language and people from different countries often communicate with one another in English.If I am good at English, it will be much easier for me to communicate with them.Secondly, I like traveling a lot.A good mastery of English will make things much easier for me when traveling around the world.Finally, I like literature a lot.If I am very good at English, I can read great works by Shakespeare and Dickens and many other English writers instead of reading the translated versions.(118 words)Why I hate to learn English I have learned English for about seven years.I should say the more I learn English, the more I hate it.First of all, learning English is boring.I have to memorize many new words or rely on a dictionary to frequently check unknown words.Doing so wastes a lot of my precious time.Secondly, I don't understand why we have to learn a foreign language.I don't want to go abroad and I can always find a job that doesn't need English in China.Finally, I can always read translated versions of the books I want to read.So, if I don't have to learn English, I would rather use the time I spend on English to do things I like.(121 words)
Unit 2 Enhance your language awareness Words in Action Working with words and expressions 1)1.There were 24 people enrolled in the French class.2.It was so cold in the air-conditioned room that Jane had to wrap herself in a blanket.3.What are you complaining about? You have already got everything you want.4.When I turned off the TV, all my three kids protested.5.When the father learned about his son's school performance, he beamed with satisfaction.6.The children panicked when they saw the serious look on the teacher's face.7.How do people celebrate New Year's Day in your country? 8.He is too stubborn to admit that he was wrong.9.George is very ambitious about his future though he is just a teenager.10.My son is very good at figures , and he plans to take up Mathematics as his major.11.How can you keep your children at home for the whole week? Of course, they will get restless.12.He got very frustrated when he learned that he had failed the exam again.13.Being a very possessive father, he felt very unhappy when he learned his daughter was going to get married.2)1.create
2.conflict
3.involved
4.overcame
5.have survived
6.attend
7.frowned
8.wander
9.guilty 10.sustained
11.survey
12.awkward
13.recall
14.terrified
15.insurance
16.Adapting 3)1.was sick of
2.choking back
3.Compared with
4.settled into
5.would give anything
6.in the midst of
7.in his own right 8.on my own 9.fit in with
10.grew apart from
11.No wonder
12.staying up
13.was annoyed with
14.was scared of
15.in trouble
16.For instance Increasing your word power 1)1.possessive
2.overprotective
3.frustrated
4.possessive
5.lenient …strict 6.rebellious
7.frustrated
8.restless
9.stubborn 2)1.survey
2.sustain
3.attend
4.terrify
5.wrap
6.recall
1.After surveying the damage, we concluded that it was caused by animals.2.His car sustained dents when it hit the road block.3.The teachers will attend our meeting this afternoon.4.The stern expression on his face terrified me.5.Please wrap the presents carefully.6.When he recalled what happened ten years ago, he still couldn't help feeling sorry.3)Words Suffixes Adjectives
Chinese meaning(1)danger-ous dangerous 危险的(2)irony-y →-ic ironic
具有讽刺意味的(3)fury-y →-ious furious
暴怒的(4)industry-y →-ious industrious 勤奋的(5)joy-ous joyous
（令人）高兴的(6)ambition-ion →-ious ambitious
有抱负的；有野心的(7)fame-e → ous famous
著名的(8)hero-ic
heroic
英勇的(9)adventure-e →-ous adventurous 喜欢冒险的；胆大的)1.dangerous
2.ironic
3.fury
4.heroic
5.adventure … fame Grammar Review Task 1 1.a.: vt.;b.: vi., with the same meaning: “not to die” 2.a.: vi.;b.: vt., with the same meaning: “to write back” 3.a.: vi., meaning “to succeed in dealing with sth.”
b.: vt.meaning “to be in control or in charge of” 4.a.: vi., meaning “to make a telephone call”
b.: vt., meaning “to say or consider that(sb.or sth.)is(sth.)” Task 2 1.F
argued with each other
2.F The accident happened…
3.F enjoyed it 4.T 5.T 6.F shouted at 7.T 8.T Task 3 Verbs Transitive Intransitive Sample Sentences settle yes
yes
1.He finally managed to settle the problem.2.He settled down in a small seaside village.change yes
yes
1.Thank you.You have changed my life.2.Do you think Jane has changed a lot? agree yes
yes
I agree with you.panic yes
1.He agreed that he had been thoughtless.2.I agree with you.pass yes
yes
1.The Congress passed the bill.2.He passed by without greeting me.explain yes
yes
1.Let me explain the problem to you.2.Don't get angry with me.I can explain.attend yes
yes
1.You can attend the meeting.2.Please attend to the details.follow yes
yes
1.Do not follow me.2.Whatever I do, he will just follow.Cloze(1)beamed(2)honorable
(3)awkward
(4)protested
(5)complaints
(6)compliments
(7)stubborn
(8)frowned
(9)recall
(10)panicked
(11)insurance
(12)surveyed(13)groaning(14)recognition Translation 1)1.Many teachers frowned on this practice.2.An old man glared at me when I was trying to cut across the lawn.3.When I mentioned my father, she showed a smile of recognition on her face.4.My first born was quite obedient, whereas my younger child was very stubborn.I can still recall now how the younger child insisted on going abroad to study after he finished his secondary school.5.Countries in South East Asia sustained great losses when the tsunami struck the area.6.Every time the mother tries to compare the younger brother with his elder brother, the younger one will protest.7.He found himself unable to fit in with his classmates when he first came to this school.8.The fury on her face terrified me.I dared not say no to her again.9.No wonder you ended up in trouble.You never followed your parents' advice.10.It took him two years to adapt to the new environment.2)我还是个婴儿的时候，我的父母亲搬到了佛蒙特州。我那温文尔雅的父亲在那儿的一个小镇上毫不张扬地开业行医了。很快，他就赢得了当地人对他的尊敬。我每到一处，也被人尊称为埃普利医生的儿子。一开始我很高兴同学和老师们因为我有一个受人尊敬的父亲而善待我。但随着我的长大，事情起了变化。我开始讨厌父亲的好名声像影子一样跟着我。我要独立。我变得顽固倔强又反叛，还开始对我父亲直呼其名，令他伤透了心。但有一天，发生了一件事令我的态度彻底改变了。Theme-related Writing 1.In about 100-120 words, write about a conflict you once had with your parents.You can start with either of the following openings: 1)I was very unhappy with my father the other day.He must have called out to me for help with some housework, but I was so absorbed in reading that I didn't hear him.He stepped into my room, apparently in anger, grabbed my book and threw it on the floor.I got upset and insisted that he should pick it up and apologize to me.When he remained silent, I ran out and went off to play games with my friends in the neighbourhood.When it was turning dark, I saw my father looking around for me.He patted me on the head and walked back home with me, his arm wrapped around my shoulder.When I got home, I saw my book had “returned” to my reading table.(130 words)
2)I was grateful that my mother criticised me the other day.I had been asking her for money to buy all kinds of things that my friends have — a new pair of shoes or some new clothes.Every time I was refused, I played the same trick-threatening to pour the dish she cooked for the family into the river.My mother gave in each time I threatened to do that, but one day, she criticised me really hard.She scolded me for being selfish and inconsiderate and asked me to sit in a corner and reflect on my own behaviour.I couldn't believe my mother would be so angry with me and I grew afraid.I learned a good lesson and changed a lot afterwards.I was thankful that my mother made me realize my mistakes.(139 words)2.Describe your attitude towards your father or mother when you were a teenager.When you could not agree with each other, what did you do? Use an incident from daily life to support the description.My father is a well-known carpenter in my village.I still remember that when I was in my mid-teens, I used to adore him so much that I followed him and helped him make furniture for the other villagers.He not only had good skills, but he was also willing to help the villagers with minor repairs such as mending a broken window frame or fixing a door, without charge.All the villagers respected him.They also paid me compliments when they saw me helping him, saying that I would grow up to become honest and industrious just like my father.I was so proud that I had a father who was so well respected.(116 words)
Unit 3 Enhance Your Language Awareness Words in Action 1）1.reveals
2.behaving 3.handle 4.influenced 5.satisfied 6.entertain 7.inherit 8.affect 9.confronted 10.sought 11.isolated 12.restrict 13.optimistic 14.selfish 15.sensitive 2）1.summed up 2.have an impact on 3.respond to 4.In general 5.falls into 6.at work 7.shut myself off 8.in control of 9.free from 10.in good shape 3）(1)high-achiever(2)combination
(3)seek
(4)specific(5)restrict(6)vary(7)expand(8)growth(9)company(10)dominate(11)opportunity Increasing Your Word Power 1）1.aggressive, sarcastic, harsh, negative 2.magical, mystical 3.negative, critical 4.magical, outgoing, optimistic 5.intellectual 2）1.Evidently 2.individually 3.absolutely 4.consistently/evidently/absolutely 5.Consequently 6.mentally … physically 7.probably/absolutely 8.eagerly … enthusiastically 9.easily 10.Normally 3）
creative creation create negative negation negate defensive defense defend possessive possession possess submissive submission submit sensitive —
sensitize aggressive aggression creative creation create negative negation negate defensive defense defend possessive possession possess submissive submission submit sensitive
sensitize
Now fill in the blanks in the paragraph below by choosing the appropriate word given in the brackets.Change the form wherever necessary.(1)submissive
(2)aggressive(3)possession(4)created(5)negative(6)defense(7)sensitive Grammar Review Task 1:(1)all(2)many(3)a(4)much(5)some(6)every(7)an(8)any Task 2: Mistakes
Corrections(1)much(L.2)many(2)plenty(L.3)all, many(3)a(L.4)
an(4)any(L.4)
all(5)few(L.6)
little(6)every(L.6)/(7)a(L.8)
/(8)any(L.8)
/(9)little(L.10)few(10)some(L.11)any(11)a(L.12)
some Cloze
(1)indicate(2)responds(3)represent/reflect(4)absolutely(5)preference(6)harsh(7)specific(8)traits(9)individual(10)immature(11)effort(12)persistent(13)achieve(14)inherits Translation 1）1.William likes the girl a lot so he tries very hard to impress her and is optimistic that he will win her heart.2.He is very creative and has a good vision of the future, but he likes to keep things to himself.3.They came from a poor village where people were shut off from modern civilization.4.We must work hard and make an effort to achieve the goals that we have set.5.We should learn to be content with all that we have and should not be too critical about things around us.6.They often represent our school in debating competitions;tonight we will throw a party to celebrate their success.7.Through reading, not only has he expanded his horizon, he has also learned to keep improving his character.8.Two policemen sacrificed their lives in order to save that girl from the fire.9.A stable relationship without conflicts between husband and wife benefits the children in the family.2）虽然有许多关于性格的理论，但是任何一个都没有绝对地对错之分，因为每个心理学家对性格的观点都有所不同。所以，除非某个人已有明显的症状，否则很难断定这个人患有精神疾病。心理学家普遍认可绝大多数人是因为过度的压力才引起情感和精神上的疾病。所以重要的是人们要去寻找可以让自己放松、开心的方法。
Theme Related Writing Write a passage of about 100-120 words according to one of the instructions given below.a.I have been described by many friends as a warm, sociable, and outgoing extravert.I find it easy to make new friends and I enjoy the company of people who share similar characteristics as I.When I am at a party, many people including those I do not know, will talk to me.I am not a great beauty, neither am I rich and intelligent.In fact, I am just a very simple person who is happy and smiles a lot.Maybe being happy is the attraction.I like bright colours, especially red.It is said that people who like red are passionate and have a lot of energy.I agree that I am enthusiastic about many things and like doing many things at the same time.So it seems there is some truth after all in what colours say about a person’s personality.(141words)
b.The person I admire most is my father’s youngest brother.He is known to us as ba shu because he is the eighth son in a family of eleven.He is a high achiever.Since young, he has done well in his studies and work.For example, he received a prestigious scholarship to study at a well-known medical school in England.Today, at the age of 62, he is still as outstanding.He is a well-respected surgeon and has won many awards.What I like most about ba shu is his sensitive nature, especially toward children who are born unlucky.He has volunteered his time and made sacrifices to help those in poor and developing countries.His strong desire to bring happiness to these people has impressed me a lot.(131 words)c.If I were given a wish to have two personality traits, I would choose to be an optimistic and creative person.I would like to be an optimistic person because those who are optimistic are usually satisfied and contented with what they have.They seldom let sadness be a part of their life.I want to be happy and being optimistic is one way to remain happy.I also would like to be creative.I think that creativity is inherited.Some may disagree and say that we can learn to be creative.However, no matter how hard one learns, it is those born with the talent of creativity who will make a great name for themselves like the famous poet Li Bai and the richest man in the world, Bill Gates.(131 words)
d.Here is no one person I dislike most but there are a couple of personality traits that I cannot tolerate: aggressiveness and selfishness.Aggressive people do not consider others’ feelings and will not think twice about hurting even those closest to them.I once had a neighbour who would beat his wife one day and appear loving the next.His wife lived in fear constantly but could do nothing because he was in control of her.Another personality trait I dislike is selfishness.Like aggressive people, selfish people only think of themselves.There are many everyday examples of selfishness such as those not willing to lend things to others and those not wanting to share exam tips even with their best friends.If you know someone with a combination of aggressiveness and selfishness, you should consider whether to call him or her a friend.(143 words)Unit 4 Enhance Your Language Awareness Working With Words and Expressions 1）1.They were smashing windows when the police arrived.2.70,000 tons of oil spilled from the tanker(油轮)and the sea was polluted.3.She volunteered to write an explanation of how the new computer system works.4.The book was inspired by the good deeds(事迹)of a real person.5.It was blowing hard and very soon the tree in front of my house fell with a great crash.6.The police report stated that he was once arrested for theft.7.The Dean(系主任)is not available at the moment, but you may call back in an hour.8.Up to two million people there are dependent on food aid.9.It was most unfortunate that I missed the chance to be interviewed by the company director.10.Can we find a mutually convenient time for us to meet? 2）1.exclaimed 2.arrange 3.aroused 4.resembles 5.volunteered 6.appreciate 7.requires 8.cracked 9.miracle 10.victims11.precious12.delicate 13.expected 14.interviewed 3）1.take over2.get through 3.no way 4.Leave off 5.put it … together 6.in touch with7.No sooner … than 8.in advance 9.looking forward to 10.arrange for11.in contrast 12.took on 13.made sure 14.move in15.in the hands of 16.go with 17.in poverty Increasing your word power.1）1.commission 2.smashed3.smash 4.volunteered 5.spill6.crash 7.contrast 8.commission 9.spilt 10.volunteer 11.contrasts 12.crashed 2）1.e 2.e 3.a 4.a 5.c 6.d 3）1.happy 2.impulsive 3.carelessness4.calmness5.firm 6.illness7.awareness 8.weakness 9.submissive Grammar Review.Task One Task Two 1.No mistake 2.has been living 3.enjoys 4.No mistake 5.tried 6.No mistake 7.No mistake 8.No mistake 9.have been visiting 10.likes 11.had I got 12.had broken 13.No mistake 14.No mistake 15.was suffering 16.No mistake 17.have been receiving 18.No mistake 19.insisted 20.No mistake 21.No mistake Cloze(1)chilly(2)sooner(3)than(4)exclaimed(5)fabric(6)delicate(7)joints(8)that(9)miracle(10)sacrificed(11)precious(12)loving Translation 1）1.Let’s get in touch as soon as we know the results of the test/exam.2.The music aroused an intense feeling of homesickness in him.3.You’ve been working all morning — you deserve a rest now.4.I had no sooner lain down than the telephone rang.Or: No sooner had I lain down than the telephone rang.5.My doctor says I’m too tired and has advised me not to take on any more work.6.Jenny volunteered to clear up after the gathering.7.The subject of the talk is announced a week in advance, but the name of the speaker is not.8.Your performance in the exam did not reach the required standard — in other words, you failed.9.She was so ill that she had to leave off work..10.There is no way to tell what is going to happen.The case is in the hands of the judge, and all we could do is(to)wait.2)当人们变得很老时，像祖父母或曾祖父母那样，他们有时不再能够照顾自己。他们会生病，或者摔倒而折断股骨，或者他们根本都不记得该如何穿睡衣。有时候虽然有些老人看起来还健康，但是因为他们自己独居，所以觉得很孤单。这时候全家人要碰个头，商讨一下让他们日渐衰老的家人去养老院去居住是否是一个较好的办法，因为在那里他们可以得到更好的照顾。Theme-related Writing 1.Imagine you were Meagan.Write a story about GG and her lost doll.Start the story with: “My GG — that's my great-grandma — lived in Maine many years ago.” My GG — that's my great-grandma — lived in Maine many years ago with her Mom, Dad and four sisters.Life was difficult then, but GG's parents tried their best to make their children happy.One Christmas they gave GG a beautiful doll with an exquisite porcelain face and long brown hair.The eyes of the doll opened and closed vividly.GG loved her doll so much that she played with her for a long time and didn't want to separate with her until it was time for Christmas dinner.GG laid the doll down gently on the hall table.But before long she heard a loud crash — GG's baby sister had pulled her doll off the table and it was smashed into pieces.Though GG's mother tried to put the doll together again, it couldn't be done.The doll was gone for ever.And so was GG's baby sister when she died of pneumonia a few years later.It was a deeply unhappy experience in GG's life.2.Write a short passage of about 100-120 words on the topic: “Living in a Nursing Home: A Plan for the Future?” Living in a Nursing Home: A Plan for the Future? Thanks to medical advances and better living conditions, most of us can live longer.The issue of where we will stay when we get old has become a concern for everyone.I did a survey last week on “Are you willing to go and live in a nursing home when you grow old?” Of the ten people surveyed, seven said “yes.” According to them, living in a nursing home would enable them to meet people of similar ages, get instant medical care, and have their meals and laundry taken care of.The three who don't want to stay in a nursing home think living in a nursing home would make them feel lonely and abandoned on the one hand and would have their privacy intruded upon on the other.Nonetheless, the survey does suggest that more people would be willing to live in a nursing home in the future.(147 words.)Unit 5 Enhance your language awareness Working With Words and Expressions 1)1.When we finally completed our courses, all my classmates gathered together to celebrate.2.I have always wanted to be a psychologist, but a recent incident changed my mind.3.It is not difficult at all.You can get it done with ease.4.To be a good research student, you must have a mind for inquiry.5.I could see her genuine concern for my health and I was deeply touched.6.The boss’s fear of change becomes an obstacle to the progress of the organization.7.Please keep stirring the oil to stop it from getting frozen.8.I am most grateful to you for all the help you have offered us.2)1.senior
2.defined
3.occur
4.options 5.disturbed
6.soak
7.tossed
8.navigate 9.matters
10.depressed 3)1.became well acquainted with
2.took us by surprise
3.gather our thoughts
4.turned out
5.hang up
6.in reality 7.In spite of 8.lit up
9.hemmed and hewed
10.turned into Increasing your word power Increasing your word power.1)1.a 2.e 3.c 4.e
5.b 6.d 7.d 8.b 2)1.covered
2.fears 3.covers 4.attack 5.fears 6.attacks 7.visits, visited 8.touched 9.chat 10.touch 11.match 12.chats 13.match 3)1.astonishment
2.accomplishments
3.have improved
4.appointment
5.excitement
6.advertisements
7.developments
8.argue
9.enjoyed
10.encouragement Grammar Review Task 1 1.The action of “studying English” occurred before “I went to the US”.2.“They never met an American” —this was a fact that remained till they met John.3.“We had the car for ten years” —this happened earlier before the car broke down.4.The action “Kathy’s picking up the tickets” occurred before “I arrived at the theatre”.5.Your promise was made before Jane got unhappy with you.Task 2(1)I saw the door open(2)the office had been broken into
(3)quite a few things had been stolen(4)had already come back to the office(5)the 200 dollars he had locked in his drawer was gone(6)had just bought
(7)A few computers in the office had been stolen Cloze
(1)recent
(2)surprise(3)sad
(4)keeping(5)disturbing
(6)inquiries
(7)admitted
(8)occurred
(9)surgery
(10)options(11)tightly
(12)soaking
(13)scent
(14)gatherings Translation 1)1.We are good friends;however, he kept such an important matter from me, which took me by surprise.2.It doesn’t matter if you can not get full marks for the exam;what matters is not to lose confidence in yourself.3.He chatted with me last night and reassured me that the disease was not hard to cure and that nobody had ever died of it.4.She was determined to overcome all the obstacles in her life with a will of iron.5.It turned out that he had already received my money, but did not acknowledge the receipt of it on purpose.This really drove me crazy.6.He is a shy and silent boy.Before he went onto the stage to share his experiences, he sat quietly in a corner of the auditorium, gathering his thoughts.7.He admitted on the spot that he would go overseas for further study as he believed overseas education would open the door to his future research.8.Mary’s uncle’s face lit up when he saw his niece had turned into a pretty young lady in just a few years.2)我回去看我外婆的时候,她非常高兴地看到我已长成一个健壮的小伙子。我们一起聊天，回忆我小时候的一些事情。谈到一半的时候，外婆突然叹了一口气说，“大概以后再也见不到你了。”她的话使我震惊得拱起了眉头，不明白她为什么说出这么令人不安的话来。我们静静地坐了一会儿，外婆的眼里噙满泪水。她终于告诉我说，医生诊断出她得了严重的心脏病，已经发作了好几次，也一直在治疗，但情况一点也没有进展。我怪外婆一直把这坏消息瞒着我，并告诉她一定会有办法医治的，她却摇头否认。我伸出双臂抱着外婆，多么希望我们能在一起度过更多的时间。Theme-related Writing •Task One: One afternoon, I was wandering along the main street of our small town with a friend.Suddenly I saw my mother.She was behaving very strangely.She looked around her before going quickly into a shop.When she came out, she had a box in her hand.I was terrified.I knew some of my villagers resorted to theft because they were poor.The thought that my mother could be one of them drove me crazy.I was determined to find out the truth from her.When I questioned her, tears filled her eyes.She told me she was collecting beer cans from some kind shop owners who offered them to her, but would feel embarrassed if she was seen by others.I cried and hugged her and felt sorry that I had misunderstood my own mother.(136 words)Task Two: My parents differ greatly in showing their love for me.While my mother appears more anxious and depressed if anything goes wrong with me, my father tends to be silent and expresses his concern for me mainly through actions rather than words.I still remember the day when I left home for university.When my mother was in tears and kept giving me endless advice, my father remained silent.But when he saw an ice-cream man on the platform, he rushed towards him and got me an ice-cream just before the train started to move.I learned from my mother later that father locked himself up in his room after returning home and cried for the first time in his life.I never expected that my departure would trigger such an emotional response from my father.(134 words)Unit 6 Enhance your language Awareness Words in Action Working with words and expressions 1)1.Every year before Christmas, we decorate our house with colourful lights.2.Mother scolded John for not taking good care of his younger brother when she went out.3.When I was attacked, I quickly picked up a stick to defend myself.4.Please don't interrupt — wait until I have finished what I have to say.5.The mother embraced her son warmly as soon as he came in.6.Paper, printing, the compass, and gunpowder are celebrated in Chinese culture as the Four Great Inventions of ancient China.7.I don't understand why a young and pretty girl like her is always wearing dresses of such a dull colour.8.You have written a very good paper.I only made a few minor changes.9.We supply free textbooks for school children in the countryside.10.They were discussing all the options, but found none of them was entirely satisfactory.11.The mere presence of a policeman made the thief nervous and he turned to run away.12.Richards was obviously disappointed at being left out of the team.2)1.delivered
2.released
3.permission
4.rented
5.miserable 6.exploded
7.pressed 8.motion
9.barely
10.enthusiasm 11.knelt 12.request
13.policy
14.necessities 3)1.go wrong
2.broke down 3.on my way to
4.by himself
5.in time
6.set the stage for
7.set out for
8.make fun of
9.pleaded for
10.in disbelief Increasing your word power 1)1.specialized 2.large 3.eat 4.go 5.sociable 6.wide 2)1.sternly 2.miserably 3.cheerfully
4.carelessly 5.tiny
6.irregular
7.unsatisfactory
8.occupied
9.boring / dull
10.traditional 3)1.slapped
2.present
3.lit
4.whispered
5.slap
6.presented
7.ordered
8.light
9.listed
10.motioned
11.supply 12.order
13.list 14.supply 15.motion 16.wonder 17.whispers 18.wondering 4)1.personality … sensitivity … loyalty
2.frailty
3.complexity
4.Mutuality
5.stupidity
6.regularity
7.reality
8.specialty / speciality Grammar Review Task one Task two 1.It is much colder in winter in Beijing than in Shanghai.It is colder in winter in Shanghai than in Guangzhou.Of all the three cities, Shanghai has the largest population, etc.2.Among the three sports, I like football the best.Surfing also sounds interesting, but it takes a lot more training to be able to do it than the other two sports.3.I know Lu Xun better than the other writers.Lu Xun is one of the most famous writers in China and he is a modern writer.Shakespeare is famous, but I think his plays are the most difficult to read.4.I think Gone with the Wind is very interesting, but it is the longest movie among the three.The Sound of Music is the lightest among the three and I like it much more than I do The Pianist.5.Peking University and Tsinghua University are the two most famous universities in China.They are also among the best universities in the world.As far as I know, Peking University is better known for its arts courses and Tsinghua is better known for its science courses.Cloze(1)supplies
(2)fun
(3)permission
(4)necessities
(5)rundown
(6)decorated
(7)straight
(8)item
(9)overwhelmed
(10)embraced Translation 1)1.Straighten up!Your feet should keep time to the rhythm of the music.2.She slipped a note into his hand.He was very unhappy after reading it, as he thought that she was making fun of him.3.The thief pleaded for our mercy when he was caught.He said he had stolen the food because his mother was starving to death and there was barely any food left in the house.4.They have made a request for more electricity supplies, which we should satisfy in order to release them from the pressure they are under.5.They made the rounds with the wine bottle;each took a gulp and then they set out for the forest.6.My TV set broke down;I have ordered a new one online and the shop is going to have it delivered to the door.7.His words made everyone unhappy and stop eating.After a while, they resumed eating, but they all looked as if something was weighing on their minds.8.We stared at him in disbelief, astonished that someone as gentle as he is could interrupt us so rudely.2)去年圣诞节除夕，我们的旅途诸多不顺。当我们住进尼斯一家肮脏而昏暗的旅馆时，我们的心中已无任何圣诞节的感觉可言。我们进入一家看上去很乏味的饭馆吃饭•时，情况一点也没有好转。但是,在这沉闷饭馆中度过的不愉快的夜晚最后却变成我们所度过的最好的圣诞前夜，这一切都是因为那个充满了圣诞精神的美国水手。他将我们心中被愤怒和失望压抑的爱和欢乐释放出来。他带给了我们圣诞节。Theme-related Writing a.I like Christmas because the festive atmosphere created by the occasion is so overwhelming.You can see pretty seasonal decorations everywhere, Christmas lights, flowers, and pictures of Father Christmas with a smiling face.You may even meet a “real” Father Christmas on the street busy handing out candies to kids.The atmosphere does lift everybody's spirits, since joy and excitement seem to be contagious.Everyone around us looks happier and is more patient with each other during the festive season.We send each other Christmas greetings and give Christmas gifts to our friends and relatives.Even friends who have not been in constant touch also “appear” again at this time to send their regards.(113words)b.I do not like Christmas because today's Christmas has been entirely commercialized.Shops try all sorts of tricks to attract customers, by putting up fanciful Christmas decorations, by offering seasonal discounts and even by asking somebody to play Father Christmas to give out gifts.Behind all the smiles and the beautiful decorations, I do not see genuine care or a spirit of giving;I only see one word, which is “profit”.Everybody does Christmas shopping at this time to get Christmas gifts for their family members or friends.As for me, I believe it is more important to show care and concern for my family members and friends all year round than just give them a “once a year” Christmas gift.(121 words)Unit 7 Enhance Your Language Awareness Words in Action Working with Words and Expressions 1)1.The more complaints a person makes, the less happy he or she is.2.Good health is vital for getting the best out of life and achieving your full potential.3.He deserted his wife and children and went abroad.4.He likes taking time off from his busy life and coming into contact with nature.5.The doctor says that she is not mentally sound.6.In many parts of the world it is not acceptable and even illegal for people under 18 to smoke.7.His speech made a deep impression on all of us.8.In different stages of our life, we encounter different kinds of problems.9.If you need any assistance , please let me know and I’ll be more than happy to help.10.Some people tend to blame others for what they themselves have done wrong.11.Children’s education is becoming too heavy a burden for many families to bear these days.12.I can’t endure to see/ endure seeing animals suffer like that.13.Davis was one of the most significant musicians of the last century.2)1.facilitate 2.tends 3.hurt
4.ensure 5.blessed
6.trembled
7.curiously 8.failure 9.invention 3)1.by no means
2.take it for granted
3.contribute to
4.at his disposal
5.resort to
6.take into account
7.arise from
8.has given rise to
9.switched off
10.deal with
11.breezed through
12.had gone by 13.To my surprise 14.carried away 15.come into play
16.In my view Increasing Your Word Power 1)1.jumps / jumped 2.respond 3.career 4.required 5.arise 6.assisted 7.affected 8.deserted 9.serious 10.rare 11.scolded 12.significant 13.physiological 2)get back(something lost)
寻回、取回、恢复 become well;regain a former position 康复；复元；恢复 3)ADJECTIVES NOUNS personal
personality technological technology natural
nature national
nation medical
medicine emotional emotion social
society intellectual intellect critical
critic magical
magic occasional occasion hysterical
hysteria/hysteric essential
essence trivial
trivia traditional tradition psychological psychology Now fill in the blanks with an appropriate word chosen from the words given in the brackets.1.technological … technology 2.essence … essential
3.personal … person 4.hysterical … hysteria traditional … tradition Grammar Review Task 1 1.[The main reason — 8.;to the lecture — 9.;the most famous living poet — 6.]
2.[the class — 11.]
3.[a wonderful story — 1.or 3.;The beginning — 8.;the turn — 8.;the century — 9.]
4.[The moon — 5.;the trail — 9.]
5.[the talk — 8.;the situation — 8.]
6.[the table/a table — 8.1.;the hall — 9.]
7.[an English-Chinese dictionary — 3.]
8.[the first book — 7.]
9.[a house — 3.;The house — 4.]
10.[the rich — 10.;the plane — 12.;the poor — 10.;the train — 12.] Task 2
5.1.a.There are many music schools in Beijing and Xiao Ming is studying at one of them.b.There is only one music school in my hometown and Xiao Ming is studying at that school.2.a.Bill met a French student(unknown to the listener)on the train(known to both the listener and the speaker).b.Bill met the French student(known to both the listener and the speaker)on a train(unknown to the listener).3.a.Dogs are in general a better companion than cats.b.This dog(known to both the listener and the speaker)is a better companion than this cat(known to both the listener and the speaker).Alternatively, and rather formally, this may refer to dogs and cats in general, as with 3a above.4.a.John wrote a very interesting composition.b.John wrote the most interesting composition(probably in his class).5.a.The police stopped one car(unknown to the listener)at the corner.b.The police stopped the car(known to both the listener and the speaker)at the corner.6.a.Has he ever been hospitalised? b.Has he ever been in this hospital for treatment or, more generally, been on its premises(建筑物)?
7.a.Zhang Dawei, the contemporary Chinese novelist(known to the listener and well-known), has also written a number of popular songs.b.Zhang Dawei, a contemporary Chinese novelist(unknown to the audience), has also written a number of popular songs.8.a.Wang Kewei became a college student with the highest total score in her province.b.Wang Kewei entered the college premises(建筑物)to ask about courses.Task 3 1.the d 2.a f 3.the e 4.the b 5.the c 6.a a 7.a j 8.the g 9.the h 10.an i Cloze(1)
vital(2)
blessed(3)
technological(4)
facilitate(5)
factors(6)
tend(7)
rate(8)
uncommon(9)
unconsciously(10)ensure(11)burden(12)Concentration(13)range(14)switch Translation 1)1.Whenever we start a new job, there are bound to be a lot of things we may not be familiar with.2.This new medicine/drug has successfully been used on animals, but this doesn’t mean that it can be applied to humans.3.His failure to win the first prize in the speech competition is largely due to his lack of confidence.4.To the general public, depression can be easily confused with stress, as it may be a response to some types of stress.5.It is becoming increasingly difficult for world food production to keep pace with the continuing growth of the world’s population.6.To successfully get a job, a lot of factors need to come into play, including your skills, diploma and work experience.2)回应式聆听的关键是要能够不加论断地聆听，即为理解而听，而不是为达成一致而听。我们如何可以成为更专心及回应式的听众呢？过程是这样的。坐在说话人的对•面，身体放松，注意力集中。让说话人开始讲述他正经历或想要分享的情感或具体的想法。对言语或非言语的信息都要注意。当说话人说完四、五句话的时候，打断说话•人，说，“让我看看我有没有听明白你的话。”然后，用你自己的话重复你刚才所听到的信息或感受的情感：“你刚才说„„”，“你的感觉是„„”，“我说得对吗？”如果说话人说不对，则要求说话人澄清一下他没听明白或听错的部分。当你们两个都明白后，说话人就可以继续说下面几句话，回应的过程又重新开始。记住：说话人和听话人的目的都是为了理解，而不是达成一致。Theme-related Writing a.One of my teachers in my high school was an Australian teacher.Always smartly dressed with a shirt and tie, he was a very kind person and would go all the way to help others.Once I needed a book to study which was not available in China, so I asked him for help.He bought it in Australia and sent it to me immediately.I also learned another incident which I can never forget.One year, he came back to China on a business trip and was asked by many Chinese parents to take some luggage to their children studying in Australia.The luggage he was asked to take was so heavy that he got fined 20,000 Hong Kong dollars at the airport.From this Australian teacher, I have come to realize what selfless love is all about.(141words)b.I think I am an easy-going person and get along with my fellow students really well.I get along particularly well with my roommates, who share the same dormitory with me.We often play poker together and laugh and joke together.Once in a while we need to clean up our dormitory in order to win the award for the cleanest dormitory in the whole grade.Whenever we need to do that, we really work as a team and help one another in doing the best job we can.Though we still haven’t won such an award yet, the kind of collaboration between us during the big cleaning activity really helps to strengthen our existing strong friendship.I am sure I will cherish my relationship with my fellow students and especially with my roommates in the years to come.(139 words)c.I live in a big family of three children, with one elder brother and one younger sister.I get along well with them all and in particular with my elder brother.During our childhood years, my brother and I needed to do a lot of household chores together, looking after the cattle on the hill and collecting firewood in bushy mountains far away from home.Though only four years older than me, he would always try to protect me and help me when I was unable to cope with my part of the work.Sometimes we also fought with each other.But every time I cried after the fighting, my parents would scold him or even give him a good beating, for which I would laugh silently and secretly.Of course, we never fight with each other any more.(139 words)
第五篇：全新版大学英语 综合教程1 课后翻译及答案
《全新版大学英语综合教程1 课后翻译及答案》
Unit 1 Growing Up 为自己而写 ——拉塞尔·贝克
从孩提时代，我还住在贝尔维尔时，我的脑子里就断断续续地转着当作家的念头，但直等到我高中三年级，这一想法才有了实现的可能。在这之前，我对所有跟英文课沾边的事都感到腻味。我觉得英文语法枯燥难懂。我痛恨那些长而乏味的段落写作，老师读着受累，我写着痛苦。弗利格尔先生接我们的高三英文课时，我就准备着在这门最最单调乏味的课上再熬上沉闷的一年。弗利格尔先生在学生中以其说话干巴和激励学生无术而出名。据说他拘谨刻板，完全落后于时代。我看他有六七十岁了，古板之极。他戴着古板的毫无装饰的眼镜，微微卷曲的头发剪得笔齐，梳得纹丝不乱。他身穿古板的套装，领带端端正正地顶着白衬衣的领扣。他长着古板的尖下巴，古板的直鼻梁，说起话来一本正经，字斟句酌，彬彬有礼，活脱脱一个滑稽的老古董。
我作好准备，打算在弗利格尔先生的班上一无所获地混上一年，不少日子过去了，还真不出所料。后半学期我们学写随笔小品文。弗利格尔先生发下一张家庭作业纸，出了不少题目供我们选择。像“暑假二三事”那样傻乎乎的题目倒是一个也没有，但绝大多数一样乏味。我把作文题带回家，一直没写，直到要交作业的前一天晚上。我躺在沙发上，最终不得不面对这一讨厌的功课，便从笔记本里抽出作文题目单粗粗一看。我的目光落在“吃意大利细面条的艺术”这个题目上。这个题目在我脑海里唤起了一连串不同寻常的图像。贝尔维尔之夜的清晰的回忆如潮水一般涌来，当时，我们大家一起围坐在晚餐桌旁——艾伦舅舅、我母亲、查理舅舅、多丽丝、哈尔舅舅——帕特舅妈晚饭做的是意大利细面条。那时意大利细面条还是很少听说的异国食品。多丽丝和我都还从来没吃过，在座的大人也是经验不足，没有一个吃起来得心应手的。艾伦舅舅家诙谐有趣的场景全都重现在我的脑海中，我回想起来，当晚我们笑作一团，争论着该如何地把面条从盘子上送到嘴里才算合乎礼仪。
突然我就想描述那一切，描述当时那种温馨美好的气氛，但我把它写下来仅仅是想自得其乐，而不是为弗利格尔先生而写。那是我想重新捕捉并珍藏在心中的一个时刻。我想重温那个夜晚的愉快。然而，照我希望的那样去写，就会违反我在学校里学的正式作文的种种法则，弗利格尔先生也肯定会打它一个不及格。没关系。等我为自己写好了之后，我可以再为弗利格尔先生写点什么别的东西。
等我写完时已是半夜时分，再没时间为弗利格尔先生写一篇循规蹈矩、像模像样的文章了。第二天上午，我别无选择，只好把我为自己而写的贝尔维尔晚餐的故事交了上去。两天后弗利格尔先生发还批改过的作文，他把别人的都发了，就是没有我的。我正准备着遵命一放学就去弗利格尔先生那儿挨训，却看见他从桌上拿起我的作文，敲了敲桌子让大家注意听。
“好了，孩子们，”他说。“我要给你们念一篇小品文。文章的题目是：吃意大利细面条的艺术。” 于是他开始念了。是我写的！他给全班大声念我写的文章。更不可思议的是，全班同学都在听着他念，而且听得很专心。有人笑出声来，接着全班都笑了，不是轻蔑嘲弄，而是乐乎乎地开怀大笑。就连弗利格尔先生也停顿了两三次，好抑制他那一丝拘谨的微笑。
我尽力不流露出得意的心情，但是看到我写的文章竟然能使别人大笑，我真是心花怒放。就在十一年级，可谓是最后的时刻，我找到了一个今生想做的事。这是我整个求学生涯中最幸福的一刻。弗利格尔先生念完后说道：“瞧，孩子们，这就是小品文，懂了没有。这才是——知道吗——这才是小品文的精髓，知道了没有。祝贺你，贝克先生。”他这番话使我沉浸在十全十美的幸福之中。Language Focus Vocabulary Ⅰ.1.respectable
2.Agony
3.put…down
4.sequence
5.Hold back
6.Distribute
7.Off and on
8.vivid
9.associate
10.Finally
11.turn in
12.tackle 2).1.has been assigned to the newspaper‘s Paris office.2.was so extraordinary that I didn‘t know whether to believe him or not.3.a clear image of how she would look in twenty years‘ time.4.gave the command the soldiers opened fire.5.buying bikes we‘ll keep turning them out.3).1.reputation, rigid, to inspire 2.and tedious, What‘s more, out of date ideas
3.compose, career, avoid showing, hardly hold back Ⅱ.1.composed
2.Severe
3.Agony
4.Extraordinary
5.Recall
6.Command
7.was violating
8.anticipate
Ⅲ.1.at
2.For 3.Of
4.With 5.as
6.about 7.To
8.in,in
9.From
10.on/upon
Comprehensive Exercises Ⅰ.Cloze 1.1.Hold back
2.tedious
3.scanned
4.recall
5.vivid
6.Off and on
7.Turn out/in
8.career
1.last
2.surprise
3.pulled 4.blowing
5.dressed
6.scene
7.extraordinary
8.image
9.turn
10.excitement
Ⅱ.Translation 1.1.As it was a formal dinner party, I wore formal dress, as Mother told me to.2.His girlfriend advised him to get out of/get rid of his bad habit of smoking before it took hold.3.Anticipating that the demand for electricity will be high during the next few months, they have decided to increase its production.4.It is said that Bill has been fired for continually violating the company‘s safety rules./Bill is said to have been fired for continually violating the company‘s safety rules.5.It is reported that the government has taken proper measures to avoid the possibility of a severe water shortage./The local government is reported to have taken proper measures to avoid the possibility of a severe water shortage.2.Susan lost her legs because of / in a car accident.For a time, she didn‘t know how to face up to the fact that she would never(be able to)walk again.One day, while scanning(through)some magazines, a true story caught her eye /she was attracted by a true story.It gave a vivid description of how a disabled girl became a writer.Greatly inspired, Susan began to feel that she, too, would finally be bale to lead a useful life.Unit 2 Friendship
出租车司机拥有的就剩一封信
——福斯特·弗克洛
他准是完全沉浸在所读的东西里了，因为我不得不敲挡风玻璃来引起他的注意。
他总算抬头看我了。―你出车吗？‖我问道。他点点头，当我坐进后座时，他抱歉地说：―对不起，我在读一封信。‖听上去他像是得了感冒什么的。
―我不着急，‖我对他说，―你接着把信读完吧。‖
他摇了摇头。―我已经读了好几遍了。我想我都能背出来了。‖
―家书抵万金啊，‖我说。―至少对我来说是这样，因为我老是在外旅行。‖我估量他有六七十岁了，便猜测说：―是孩子还是孙子写来的？‖ ―不是家里人，‖他回答说。―不过，‖ 他接着说，―想起来，也可以算是一家人了。埃德老伙计是我最老的朋友了。实际上，过去我俩总是以‗老朋友‘相称的——就是说，当我俩相见时。我这人就是不大会写东西。‖
―我看大家写信都不那么勤快，‖我说，―我自己笔头就很懒。我看，你认识他挺久了吧？‖
―差不多认识了一辈子了。我俩小时候就一起玩，所以我俩的友谊确实很长了。‖
―一起上的学？‖
―都一起上到高中呢。事实上，我俩从小学到高中都在一个班里。‖
―保持这么长久友谊的人可真不多见啊，‖我说。
―其实呢，‖司机接着说，―近25到30年来，我跟他一年只见一两次面，因为我从原来住的街区搬了出来，联系自然就少了，虽说你一直放在心上。他在的时候可真是个大好人。‖
―你刚才说他‗在的时候‘。你是说—— ？‖
他点了点头。―前几个星期过世啦。‖
―真遗憾，‖我说，―失去朋友真不是个滋味，失去个真正的老朋友更让人受不了。‖ 他开着车，没有接话儿。我们沉默了几分钟。可我知道他还在想着老埃德。他又开口时，与其说是跟我说话，还不如说是自言自语：―我真该一直保持联系。真的，‖他重复道，―我真该一直保持联系。‖
―是啊，‖我表示赞同，―我们都该与老朋友保持更多的联系。不过总是有事情冒出来，好像就是抽不出空来。‖
他耸了耸肩。―我们过去总能抽出空来，‖他说。―信里还提到呢。‖他把信递给我，―你看看吧。‖
―谢谢你，‖我说，―不过我不想读你的信。这纯属私事。‖
司机耸一耸肩。―老埃德人都死了。没什么私事不私事了。看吧，‖他催促说。
信是用铅笔写的。称呼写着―老朋友‖，而开头第一句话让我想到自己。―早就想写信了，可就是一拖再拖。‖ 信里接着写道，他常常回想从前两人住在一个街区时的快乐时光。信里提到些事，可能对司机很重要，比如―那次蒂姆·谢打破窗子，那年万圣节前夕，我们把老帕克先生的大门拴了起来，还有卡尔弗太太老是在放学后把咱俩留下训斥的那阵子‖。
―你们俩准是在一起度过了不少时光，‖ 我对他说。
―就跟信里写的那样，‖他回答说，―我俩在那个时候能花的只有时间。‖他摇头叹道：―时间啊。‖ 信里接下来的那段我觉得有点凄凉：―信的开头我写着‗老朋友‘，因为这么多年来，我们这对老朋友渐渐都老了。我们这些人当中留下的也不多了。‖
―你要知道，‖我对他说，―信里说我们这些人当中留下的不多了，说得一点不错。比如说，每次我去参加老同学聚会，来的人总是越来越少。‖
―时间不饶人啊，‖司机说。
―你们俩以前在一起工作吗？‖我问他。
―不，不过没成家时我俩总在一起闲荡。后来，两人都成了家，就不时相互串门。可最近这二三十年来，主要就是寄寄圣诞卡了。当然，我俩都总在卡上写几句——通常是关于各自家里的情况，不是吗，孩子们在干些什么，谁搬到哪儿，添了个小孙子，都是这类事——可一直都没正儿八经地写过信什么的。‖
―这一处写得好，‖我说，―这里写道： ‗你多年的友谊对我非常重要，远比我能说出来的重要得多，因为我不擅长说这样的话。‘‖我颔首称是。―这话准让你听着开心，是吧？‖
司机说了句什么，可我没听明白，因为他似乎哽噎得厉害。于是我接着说：―我也真想收到这样一封老朋友的来信。‖
我们快到目的地了，于是我跳到最后一段。―因此我想你一定想知道我惦记着你。‖信末署名： ―老朋友汤姆‖。
我们在我的旅店前停下，我把信递了回去。―很高兴能和你聊聊，‖我将衣箱从车上提下时说。汤姆？信的署名是汤姆？
―我记得你朋友叫埃德，‖我说，―为什么他署名汤姆呢？‖
―这封信不是汤姆写给我的，‖他解释说，―我是汤姆。这是我在得知他去世前写给他的信。所以我一直没寄出。‖
他神情有点悲伤，似乎想看清远处什么东西。―我想我真该早些写这封信。‖
我进了旅馆房间之后，没有马上打开箱包。首先我得写封信——而且要寄出去。
Unit 3
公众科学观 ——斯蒂芬·霍金
无论我们是否愿意，我们生活的世界在过去一百年间已经变化了许多，而且在未来的一百年里可能变化更多。有人想中止这种种变化，回到那个他们认为更纯洁更朴素的时代。但正如历史所表明的，过去并非那么美妙。过去对享有特权的少数人不算太糟，但即便他们也无从享受现代医疗，而生育对妇女来说风险极大。对占人口大多数的民众而言，生活是艰难、残忍而又短暂的。
不管怎样，即使有人想这么做，他也无法将时钟拨回到早先的时代。知识与技术不可能说忘就忘了。也没有人能阻止未来的进一步发展。即使所有用于研究的政府资金都被取消（现政府最擅此事），竞争的力量仍将继续带来技术的发展。更何况，没有人能阻止探究求索之士去思索基础科学，无论他们是否会为此得到酬劳。惟一能阻止进一步发展的办法或许是一个压制任何新事物的全球政府，但人类的进取心与创造力如此旺盛，即便这个政府也不会成功。它所能做到的只是延缓变化的速度。
如果我们承认，我们无法阻止科学技术改变我们的世界，我们至少可以努力确保科技带来的变化方向正确。在一个民主社会里，这意味着公众需要对科学有一个基本的了解，从而可以作出明达的决定，而不是把决定留给专家去作。目前，公众对科学存有矛盾之心。公众期望科技新发展带来的生活水准的稳定提高能继续，但又怀疑科学，因为他们不懂科学。那个在实验室里设法制造弗兰肯斯泰因的疯狂的科学家的卡通人物清楚地体现了公众的这种怀疑。这也是人们之所以支持各种绿色组织的一个重要因素。但公众同时也对科学深感兴趣，尤其是对天文学，诸如《夜空》之类的电视系列节目观众不少以及科幻小说读者甚多就是明证。
怎么样才能利用这种兴趣，向公众提供所需要的科学知识，以便其在酸雨、温室效应、核武器以及基因工程等问题上作出明达的决定呢？显然，必须把基础建立在学校课程上。但在学校里，科学往往被教得枯燥乏味。孩子们死记硬背应付考试，他们看不出科学与他们的周围世界的联系。更有甚者，科学常常是用公式来教的。虽然公式是阐述数学概念的一种简单而精确的方式，它们却使大多数人望而生畏。前不久我写了一本通俗读物，当时有人告诫我说，我每使用一个公式就会使销量减半。我只使用了一个公式，即爱因斯坦那个著名的公式，E=mc2。如果不用这个公式的话，也许我能多卖出一倍的书。
科学家和工程师倾向于用公式阐述观点，因为他们需要知道量的精确值。但对我们其余的人来说，对科学概念有个质的认识就已足够，这可以用文字和图表来表述，大可不必使用公式。
人们在学校学到的科学知识可以提供一个基本的框架。但如今科学进步的速度如此之快，一个人离开学校或大学后新的发展层出不穷。我在学校从未学过分子生物学或晶体管，但基因工程和计算机是极有可能改变我们未来生活的两项发展。有关科学的通俗读物和杂志文章能帮助人们了解新发展，但即使是最畅销的科普读物也只有一小部分人阅读。只有电视能赢得真正广大的观众。电视上有一些相当优秀的科学节目，但其他的节目把科学奇迹简单地作为魔术播出，既不加以说明，也不展现它们与科学观念的整体框架的关系。电视科学节目的制片人应该认识到，他们负有教育民众的重任，而不仅仅是为他们提供娱乐。
当今世界充满危险，因此就有了那个令人毛骨悚然的玩笑，说我们尚未受到外星文明造访的原因在于：但凡文明发展到我们目前的程度，它们往往就自我毁灭了。然而我对公众的明智充满信心，因而相信，我们将证明这一说法是错误的。"
I Vocabulary 1
1)brief 2)in terms of 3)cut off 4)tend
5)anyway 6)precise 7)in the form of 8)initiative
9)convey 10)in two minds 11)concept 12)grasp 2
1)has ensured their team a place in the Cup final.2)medical workers‘ responsibility to heal the wounded and rescue the dying.3)entertain as well as educate the learner.4)can do without air and water.5)is likely to be held in June.3
1)lies in contact between
2)basis of is likely sufficient at the moment 3)the steady will be highly
II Word Formation regained 2 undecided 3 undersupplied 4 disabled precondition 6 foresight 7 mispronounced 8 enrich
IIIAntonyms
1)majority 2)accpeted 3)increased 4)weaknesses
5)local 6)late 7)wrong 8)false
Comprehensive exercises
I Close
1.Text-related
1)highly 2)bring about 3)evident 4)rate 5)sufficient
6)put across 7)proportion 8)Hence 9)ensure
2.Theme-related
1)understand 2)travel 3)practical 4)use 5)Another
6)likely 7)affect 8)developments 9)supply 10)Someday
II Translation
1)As is predicted by scientists, global pollution has become one of the most serious problems humans are faced with.2)Competition for these jobs is very tough –we have five times as many applicants this year as we did last year/ there are five times as many applicants this year as there were last year.3)As the facts show, educational programs need to fit into the national plan for economical development.4)The car burns too much gas, and moreover, the price is almost twice as much as I intend to pay.5)To understand a great international event, we, first of all, need to consider the historical and political background to it.2 It is hard to imagine how our forefathers could do without so many conveniences that modern technology has brought about.Back then only a small proportion of the population enjoyed the comforts of life.The majority didn‘t even have sufficient food, not to speak of/ let alone the privilege of being educated.However, many people blame modern technology for creating so many problems.They want to slow down the rate of progress.But no one can put the clock back.Unit 4
托尼·特里韦索诺的美国梦
——弗雷德里克·C· 克罗弗德
他来自意大利罗马以南某地一个多岩石的农庄。他什么时候怎么到美国的，我不清楚。不过，有天晚上，我看到他站在我家车库后面的车道上。他身高五英尺七、八左右，人很瘦。
―我割你的草坪，‖他说。他那结结巴巴的英语很难听懂。我问他叫什么名字。―托尼·特里韦索诺，‖他回答说，―我割你的草坪。‖我对托尼讲，本人雇不起园丁。
―我割你的草坪，‖他又说道，随后便走开了。我走进屋子，心里有点不快。没错，眼下这大萧条的日子是不好过，可我怎么能把一个上门求助的人就这么打发走呢？
等我第二天晚上下班回到家，草坪已修整过了，花园除了草，人行道也清扫过了。我便问太太是怎么回事。
―有个人把割草机从汽车库里推出来就在院子里忙活起来，‖她回答说，―我还以为是你雇他来的。‖
我就把前晚的事跟她说了。我俩都觉得奇怪，他怎么没提出要工钱。
接下来的两天挺忙，我把托尼的事给忘了。我们在尽力重整业务，要让一部分工人回厂里来。但在星期五，回家略微早了些，我又在汽车库后面看到了托尼。我对他干的活夸奖了几句。
―我割你的草坪，‖他说。
我设法凑了一小笔微薄的周薪，就这样托尼每天清扫院子，有什么零活，他都干了。我太太说，但凡有重物要搬或有什么要修理的，他挺派得上用场。夏去秋来，凉风阵阵。―克罗先生，快下雪了，‖有天晚上托尼跟我说，―等冬天到了，你让我在厂里干扫雪的活。‖
啊，对这种执着与期盼，你又能怎样呢？自然，托尼得到了厂里的那份活儿。
几个月过去了。我让人事部门送上一份报告。他们说托尼干得挺棒。
一天我在汽车库后面我们以前见面的地方看到了托尼。―我想做学徒，‖他说。
我们有个挺不错的培训工人的徒工学校。可我怀疑托尼是否有能力学会看图纸、用千分尺，是否胜任做精密加工工作。尽管如此，可我怎么能拒绝他呢？
托尼减了薪水当了徒工。几个月之后，我收到报告，他已从徒工学校毕业，成了熟练磨工。他学会了在千分尺上辨识一百万分之一英寸，会用镶嵌着金刚石的工具制作砂轮。我和太太都挺高兴，觉得他的事总算有了个令人满意的结局。
一两年过去了，我在托尼惯常等我的地方又看到了他。我们聊起了他的工作，接着我问他有什么要求。
―克罗先生，‖他说，―我想买房。‖在小镇边上，他看到有房出售，完全是幢破房。我去见一位当银行家的朋友。―人品贷款你干不干？‖我问。―不干，‖他说，―我们承担不起。没门。‖
―哎，等等，‖我应道，―有个人干活勤勉，人品端正，这一点我担保。他有个好工作。眼下，你从你那块地上一分钱也得不到。那块地空在那儿要好多年呢。至少他会付你利息嘛。‖
那位银行家勉强开了两千美金抵押贷款，没要托尼首付就把房子给了他。托尼乐不可支。从那以后，只要我家附近有什么被人扔弃的零星杂物，坏了的屏风啦，五金器具啦，包装纸板啦，托尼都要收起来拿回家，看他这个样子真是有意思。
约摸过了两年，我在我们见面的老地方又看到了托尼。他身子似乎挺直了些，人也见胖了，样子挺自信。
―克罗先生，我卖房子！‖他得意地说。―我得了八千美金。‖
我非常吃惊。―可是，托尼，没了房子你住哪儿呢？‖
―克罗先生，我买农庄。‖
我们坐下聊了起来。托尼告诉我说，拥有一个农庄是他的梦想。他喜欢番茄、辣椒以及意大利菜肴中相当重要的其它各种蔬菜。他把在意大利的妻子和儿子、女儿都接来了。他在小镇周边到处找，终于找到一处没人要的一小块地产，有一幢房，还有间小棚。他正在把家搬到农庄去。又过了一些时候，在一个星期日的下午托尼来了，他穿戴得整整齐齐。和他一起来的还有另一位意大利人。他告诉我，他说服了儿时的伙伴前来美国。托尼为他作经济担保。他眼里露出顽皮的神情，对我说，他俩来到他经营的小农庄时，他的朋友惊奇地站住说，―托尼，你是个百万富翁啦！‖
后来，在战争期间，公司里传出了一个消息。托尼去世了。
我让公司的人去他家看看，确保各项事宜都得到妥善安置。他们看到农场上长着绿油油的蔬菜，小屋布置得舒适温馨，院子里有一辆拖拉机，还有一辆不错的汽车。孩子受过教育，都工作了，托尼身前没有分文欠债。
托尼去世后，我一直想着他的经历。他的形象在我心目中越来越高大。最后，我觉得他就和美国那些最大的实业家一样高大、自豪。
他们都通过同样的途径，本着同样的价值观和原则获得了成功：远见、执着、自制、乐观、自尊，以及最重要的，正直。
托尼不是从最低一级阶梯往上爬的，他是从地下室往上爬的。托尼的事业很小，那些最大的实业家的事业很大。但究其实，两者的资产负债表完全一样。惟一的不同是你把小数点点在什么地方。托尼·特里韦索诺来到美国寻求美国梦。但他没有找到什么美国梦——他为自己创造了一个美国梦。他的全部拥有是一天宝贵的二十四小时，而他一刻也没有浪费。
Vocabulary
1)wreck 2)balance 3)approaching 4)handle
5)discard 6)Above all 7)diet 8)do with
9)checked on 10)cleaned up 11)weekly 12)principles 2.1)to look for survivors were abandoned after it had been/was determined that all the people in the sunken ship had died.2)was amazed that Bob left a well-paid job travel around the world.3)for a loan has been turned down by many a bank as her business is small and she could provide no guarantee.4)express her thoughts with precision, so people often misunderstand her.5)will weaken our determination to modernize our country in the shortest possible time.3.1)for sale hunting for be amazed by
2)become skilled handle their loans
3)character by calling on he passed away
II Confusable words 1.1)personal 2)personnel
2.1)sometime 2)Sometimes 3)some time 4)sometime
III Euphemism
dehcgabf
Comprehensive Exercises
I Close
1.Text-related
1)sponsored 2)determination 3)turned away 4)assumed 5)capacity
6)skilled 7)loan 8)character 9)hunting 10)for sale 11)send for
2.Theme-related
1)save 2)recent 3)modest 4)grow 5)dream
6)immigrants 7)business 8)engineering 9)invest 10)rich
III Translation 1)It is reported that UN mediators have worked out a plan which they hope will be acceptable to both sides.2)Doris walked in the forest cautiously, afraid of being attacked by giant snakes.3)Earthquakes, typhoons and other natural disaters cannot be prevented, but action can be taken to protect life and property.4)I bought a new issue of my favorite sports magazine and hurried home, anxious to amuse myself reading it.5)Helen lacks confidence.I‘ve never known anyone so unsure of herself.2.After graduating from college, Tony decided to start his own business.At the beginning, many a bank turned down his request for a loan.But he was not a bit discouraged, and continued to call on one banker after another seeking help.Impressed by his determination and optimism, one banker finally agreed to loan him the money.Now he has become a wealthy businessman.Talking about his amazing achievement, Tony says that it is important to create rather than wait for opportunities.Unit 5
爱情故事
——道格·贝尔
约翰·布兰查德从长凳上站起身来，整了整军装，留意着格兰德中央车站进出的人群。他在寻找一位姑娘，一位佩带玫瑰的姑娘。他知其心，但不知其貌。十二个月前，在佛罗里达州的一个图书馆，他对她产生了兴趣。他从书架上取下一本书，很快便被吸引住了，不是被书的内容，而是被铅笔写的眉批。柔和的笔迹显示出其人多思善虑的心灵和富有洞察力的头脑。
在书的前页，他找到了前一位拥有人的姓名，霍利斯·梅奈尔小姐。他花了一番工夫和努力，找到了她的地址。她住在纽约市。他给她写了一封信介绍自己，并请她回复。第二天他被运往海外，参加第二次世界大战。
在接下来的一年当中，两人通过信件来往增进了了解。每一封信都如一颗种子撒入肥沃的心灵之土。浪漫的爱情之花就要绽开。布兰查德提出要一张照片，可她拒绝了。她解释道：―如果你对我的感情是真实的，是诚心诚意的，那我的相貌如何并不重要。设想我美丽动人。我将会一直深感不安，惟恐你只是因为我的容貌就贸然与我相爱，而这种爱情令我憎恶。设想本人相貌平平（你得承认，这种可能性更大）。那我一直会担心，你和我保持通信仅仅是出于孤独寂寞，无人交谈。不，别索要照片。等你到了纽约，你会见到我，到时你可再作定夺。切记，见面后我俩都可以自由决定中止关系或继续交往——无论你怎么选择......‖
他从欧洲回国的日子终于到了。他们安排了两人的第一次见面——晚上七点，纽约格兰德中央车站。―你会认出我的，‖ 她写道，―我会在衣襟上戴一朵红玫瑰。‖于是，晚上七点，他候在车站，寻找一位过去一年里在自己生活中占据了如此特殊地位的姑娘，一位素未谋面，但其文字伴随着他、始终支撑着他精神的姑娘。
且让布兰查德先生告诉你接下来发生的事吧:
一位年轻的姑娘向我走来，她身材颀长纤细。一头卷曲的金发披在秀美的耳后；眼睛碧蓝，如花似玉。她的双唇和下颌线条柔和，却又柔中见刚，她身穿浅绿色套装，犹如春天一般生气盎然。
我朝她走去，完全忘了去看她有没有戴玫瑰花。
我走过去时，她双唇绽开撩人的微笑。
―和我同路吗，水兵？‖她小声问道。我情不自禁，再向她走近一步。可就在这时，我看到了霍利斯·梅奈尔。她差不多就站在姑娘的正后面，早已年过四十，灰白的头发用卡子向上别着，头上带着一顶旧帽子。
她体态臃肿，粗圆的脚踝上套着一双低跟鞋。
穿着绿色套装的姑娘快步走开了。我觉得自己好像被分成了两半，一方面热切地想去追赶她，但另一方面我又渴望那一位以其心灵真诚陪伴我并成为我的精神支柱的女人。
她站在那儿，苍白的圆脸显得温柔理智，灰色的眼睛透出热情善良。我没有迟疑。
我手里紧握着那本小小的让她辨认我的蓝色羊皮面旧书。这不会是爱情，但将是某种珍贵的、或许比爱情更美妙的东西，一种我曾经感激，并将永远感激的友情。
我挺胸站立，敬了个礼，并举起手中的书好让那位女士看。不过在我开口说话的时候，失望的痛苦几乎使我哽咽。―我是约翰·布兰查德中尉，想必您就是梅奈尔小姐。很高兴您来见我。可否请您赏光吃饭？‖
妇女的脸上绽开了笑容。―我不知道是怎么回事，孩子，‖她回答说，―可是刚才走过去的那位穿绿色套装的姑娘，她央求我把这支玫瑰插在衣服上。她还说，要是你请我吃饭的话，我就告诉你，她就在街对面那个大饭店里等你。她说这是一种考验！‖
梅奈尔小姐的智慧不难理解，也令人称奇。心灵的本质是从其对不美的事物的态度中反映出来的。
―告诉我你所爱者是谁，‖何赛写道，―我就知道你是什么样的人。‖
Vocabulary I.1
1)monthly 2)acquaintances 3)classic 4)look;in the eye 5)manufactured 6)options 7)finance
8)replacement 9)survived 10)pick out 11)married 12)grabbed at 2.1)survived a car crash that killed both her parents.2)almost embarrassed to death when Sarah read my poem out to the whole class.3)of the Children‘s Hospital will care for the seriously injured pupils.4)several phone calls making inquiries about the position of the Chief Financial Officer.5)straighten out all your financial problems if you join our club.3.1)inquiry;died of hunger;people survied2)Instantly;give up his;retire;replace him;executive 3)his beloved;odd jobs;and all that
II Word Formation
1.embarrassment 2.survivors 3.newly 4.marketable 5.monthly 6.competition 7.conceivable
8.respectable
III.Usage
1.the poor 2.The deceased/The dead 3.the disabled 4.the French 5.The accused 6.the young 7.the unemployed 8.the latter…the former…
Comprehensive Exercises
I.Cloze
1.Text-related
1)died of 2)instantly 3)classic 4)ask around 5)surviving 6)retire 7)executive 8)replacement 9)stock 10)look…in the eye
2.Theme-related
1)impressed 2)diligence 3)Instead 4)Contrary 5)professionally 6)perform 7)personal
8)balance 9)commitment 10)revealed II.Translation 1.1)I‘m not sure where you can find a good carpenter---you‘d better ask around.2)Feeling a little embarrassed, he quickly cleared his throat and looked up at the painting on the wall.3)Michael was survived by three sons, two daughters, and his wife Elizabeth.4)As a financial expert, William advised us to invest our money in the stock market.5)We small retailers can‘t compete with supermarkets in pricing and sales.2.My dad is a hard-working executive of a manufacturing firm.He works six days a week.Every day he has to straighten out various kinds of problems so that he often stays up late/nights.However, he tries his best to balance/maintain balance between work and family.On Sundays my dad usually stays at home and cares for us as much as he can.To my greatest joy, he cooks our favorite dished and plays ball with us.Unit 6 Homework
动物到底想些什么
——尤金·林登
多年来，我写了大量关于动物智能实验、以及围绕这些实验所产生的争议的文章。动物真的有思想，即我们所说的意识吗？在考虑是否会有比设计教动物人类手势语的实验更好的方式探索动物智能时，我悟出了现在看来是显而易见的一点：如果动物能思维，它们会在能为自己所用的时候，而不是在科学家让它们思维的时候作出最佳思维。
于是我开始与兽医、动物研究人员以及动物园饲养员交谈。他们大都不研究动物智能，但他们每天都碰到或碰不到动物智能。他们讲述的故事开启了我相信是研究动物智能的一扇新的窗口：即动物在对付樊笼生活和地球上的主宰物种——人类——时所表现的高超的思维技能。
让我们做笔交易
请考虑这一情况：哥伦布动物园的一位动物保护主义者查伦·延德里觉察到一头叫做科洛的雌性大猩猩在玩弄一件可疑的物品。延德里走过去，给了科洛一些花生，却被翻了个白眼。意识到这是在讨价还价，延德里加大了筹码，又给了一片菠萝。这时候，科洛一边望着延德里，一边摊开手，露出了一根钥匙链。
见不是危险或珍贵物品，延德里松了一口气，把菠萝给了考勒。科洛真是个精明的还价者，它把钥匙链拉断，给了延德里一段，或许在算计着，要是每一小段都能换片菠萝，我干嘛要全都给她？
如果动物能在以物换物中显示技能，又何尝不会在使用钱币中再露一手？在田纳西大学人类学家琳·迈尔斯进行的一项手势语研究中，有头名叫夏特克的猩猩就这么做了。夏特克悟出，如果它干些诸如清理房间的事，他就能挣些硬币，好用来买好吃的，还可以坐迈尔斯的车外出兜风。但这头猩猩对钱币的理解似乎远远超出了简单的交易。迈尔斯一开始用塑料片充当硬币，而夏特克竟认定，它可以把塑料片拗成两片，以此扩大钱币供应量。而当迈尔斯改用金属片时，夏特克找到了一些锡箔，试图复制。
迈尔斯还试图教会夏特克一些好习惯，诸如节俭和与人分享。当我在它目前居住的亚特兰大动物园见到这头猩猩时，我果然见到它与人分享的一例，足以令任何人羡慕。迈尔斯给了夏特克一些葡萄，要求它与人分享，它很快吃完了所有的葡萄。随后，它似乎是想起了迈尔斯要它与人分享，便把梗儿递给了迈尔斯。
鲸鱼的故事
动物为什么会愿意与人合作？行为主义者会说，动物认识到合作于己有利时就会这么做。这没有错，但我觉得这一解释尚不充分。
动物行为顾问盖尔·劳尔说起过她了解的一头虎鲸奥基。―在我照管过的动物当中，它是最聪明的，‖她说，―它会审时度势，再根据自己的判断采取行动。‖
比如有次它救了一个家族成员。奥基的配偶科基生幼鲸时，那条幼鲸一开始情况不妙，饲养员把幼鲸用担架抬出水糟，实施紧急护理。他们把幼鲸送回水槽时，出了事情。当工人把担架停在高出水面几英尺处的时候，幼鲸开始呕吐。饲养员担心它会窒息，但他们无法接近幼鲸提供帮助。
奥基显然看出了问题，它游到担架下，让其中一人站在它头上。这种事从来没有训练它做过。然后，奥基用尾部保持平衡，让饲养员接近，并松开了那条420磅重的幼鲸，以便让它滑入水中，获得帮助。
灵长目动物的骗术
有时动物的智能可以从其欺骗的企图中得以证明。西雅图伍德兰公园动物园饲养员海伦·休曼回忆道，一天她从喂食窗口给猩猩梅拉蒂扔了个桔子。梅拉蒂没有移动身体去接，而是眼睛直视休曼，伸出手来。休曼以为桔子准是滚到一边拿不到了，就又给了它一个。可当梅拉蒂走开时，休曼却注意到原来那只桔子就藏在它另一只手里。猩猩园的头领托温目睹了这个把戏。第二天，这头雄猩猩也是眼睛盯着休曼，装作没有接到桔子。―你肯定没拿到吗？‖休曼问道。它仍直视着她，同时把手伸了出来。她让步了，又给了它一个，随后却看见它把桔子藏在脚下。
智能究竟是什么？如果生命就是讲物种的生存——而智能是为了生存——那么我们根本无法与大脑只有豌豆大小的海龟相提并论，海龟早在人类出现很久之前便已存在，并经历了使恐龙灭绝的重大灾难而生存下来。尽管如此，想到除了我们人类，尚有其它物种，即便它们的视野比我们还狭小，却也能退后一步，清醒地审视周围的世界，不由人深感宽慰。
Vocabulary Ⅰ
1.1)Fertile
2)Reflected
3)Overseas
4)Slim
5)Split
6)Sustained 7)Glow
8)Thrust
9)Keen
10)Bud
11)Previous
12)Whichever 2.1)The sickly smell of carpets and furniture in the bedroom disgusts me.2)Mary stopped corresponding with Henry after the death of her mother.3)A radio transmitter is best located at an isolated place far from cities.4)I was so absorbed in the game on TV that I didn‘t hear Martin come in.5)The rough surface of the basketball helps players grip the ball.3.1)to broaden;make their way
2)disgusts;take a chance on
3)the grand;and overseas;reflected Ⅱ
1.1)frightened 2)afraid/ frightened
2.1)alike/similar 2)similar
3.1)alive 2)living
4.1)sleeping 2)asleep Ⅲ
1.1)disappointed 2)disappointment 3)disappointing 4)disappoint
5)disappointingly 6)disappointing
2.1)attractive 2)attract 3)attraction 4)attractively 5)unattractively
6)unattractive
Comprehension Exercises ⅠCloze
1.Text-related
1)Identifying 2)gripped 3)margins 4)corresponding 5)overseas 6)little 7)hesitate
8)grateful 9)made my way 10)going my way
2.Theme-related
1)first 2)ring 3)Nor 4)another 5)threw 6)deliberately 7)reasoned 8)himself 9)restaurant 10)matter
ⅡTranslation 1.1)Before I went off to university, my grandfather gave me a few words of wisdom which impressed me deeply.2)Never tell my parents about my injuries and I‘ll be very grateful to you(for it).3)At the meeting some of our colleagues put forward sensible suggestions about improving our working environment.4)The management has/have agreed to grant the workers a 10% pay rise in response to union pressure.5)It was very thoughtful of the hostess to give the house a thorough cleaning before we arrived.2.Not rich himself, Uncle Li never hesitates to help others.Previous to/Before his retirement, through Project Hope he located the addresses of two country kids who grew up in poor families but had a keen desire to study.From then on he sent them money regularly.Later the two made their way to college, and even got a chance to study overseas.Unit 7
―铁轨上有孩子！‖
——杰克·墨菲 1989年5月1日，星期一，新泽西州的拉姆齐上午天气宜人。凯特·普里查德俯身站在车尾行李箱前，费力地收拾着刚买回家的一袋袋食品杂货。她听到远处火车的鸣笛声。联合铁路公司的火车经过的地方离普里查德家不到三百英尺，可在后院与铁轨之间没有栅栏，只有一排长得密密的树木。然而，她的两个儿子，三岁半的托德和十八个月的斯科特，就在近旁私家车道上玩耍。
―就呆在这儿，‖凯特说，―妈妈去把食品放好，然后我们进屋吃午饭，好吗？‖
―好！‖托德一面说，一面竖起大拇指，做着他以前看他父亲做的这个手势。
―好！‖斯科特随声应和，试着模仿他哥哥的样子。
他们望着母亲提着几个袋袋走进屋子。
凯特关好冰箱门匆匆走出屋来。还好。两个孩子正在原地玩耍。
当她从车后行李箱里又提出几个袋袋时，凯特听见有一列火车疾驶而过——是特快客车，她根据车速判断。她又将几个袋袋拿进屋去。
火车的声音显然把两个孩子的注意吸引到铁轨上。两人穿过那排树木，爬上笔陡的路基，跪在地上玩了起来。往西几千英尺处，一辆货车缓缓地朝两个孩子驶来。头顶上的灯向司机里奇·坎普纳发出信号，指示前面那辆客车已经开走，他们可以每小时40英里的正常速度继续运行。司机调整了加速器，转身面对列车员安东尼·法尔佐。安东尼中等身材，长得结结实实，现年35岁，已经为联合铁路公司干了差不多十六、七年。
―你周末都干点啥，安东尼？‖
―唉，不干什么。大多是瞎混——看点儿电视，然后睡觉。还能干什么？‖
坎普纳笑了。―嘿，你最好悠着点，安东尼——你都快成派对狂了。‖
两人哈哈大笑。就在他们大笑的时候，正以21英里的时速运行的机车开始加速。
里奇和安东尼在同一瞬间发现火车前方有什么东西。
―那前面是什么？‖司机问道。安东尼没回答。他目不转睛盯着前方看，试图辨识前方铁轨上那怪形怪状的东西。是盒子？还是旧衣裳？
猛然间，两个人都明白过来那是什么东西。里奇用尽全力猛地紧急刹车，并拉响了汽笛。
汽笛嘶鸣，与此同时安东尼大声嚷道：―铁轨上有孩子！‖ 安东尼冲出驾驶室，跳到车轮上方六英尺处一条狭窄人行踏板上，接着跑到摇摆的火车头前。他疾速攀下铁梯，停在梯子最后一级上，离他脚下飞速掠过的铁路路基有两英尺。
现在，他可以清楚地看到两个孩子，他们正坐在铁轨旁边。安东尼拼命挥手示意，并大声喊叫：―走开！走开！‖
他心里计算着火车的减速速度，痛苦地哼了一声。我们绝对不可能及时停车的。
托德和斯科特正玩得起劲，没听到火车的声音。最后，当火车轰隆隆驶近时，斯科特抬头一看，惊呆了。
尽管火车在减速，安东尼知道车速仍比他奔跑的速度快。所以，他强迫自己等待，等到离孩子足够近的时候，他再一跃而下一把将他们抓住。在孩子与火车头前的犁雪机锋利的雪铲只有约十英尺的时候，安东尼从梯子上纵身向前一跃。他落在铁轨旁拳头大小的散石上，使尽力气才保持住平衡。他跨出两大步，几乎就要够着两个孩子了。两个孩子吓坏了，目瞪口呆地望着他。安东尼纵身跃起，朝他们扑去。
火车汽笛不停地嘶鸣，凯特·普里查德听着就像是被铁锤猛击了一下。―孩子！‖她一声惊叫，冲出屋门。两个孩子不见了！
铁道，她心想。我得去铁道那儿！安东尼身子砸下地时，他一边护着托德，一边伸出一只手臂去抓斯科特，好把他拉离铁轨。但火车压了过来。安东尼只见雪铲的黑色钢刃击中幼孩的下巴，将他的头往后一推，铲子从他脸上括过。顿时，鲜血从孩子额头溅出。
车身猛撞安东尼工作服的后背，把尼龙布都撕破了。但安东尼还是把斯科特完全拉到了自己身下。
凯特奔到停下的火车前，首先看到的便是托德。她的大儿子失去控制，在那儿乱蹦乱跳，大声哭喊。但凯特看出他没受伤。她抓过他紧紧抱住。随后她看见第三节车厢下一动不动躺着一个人。只见这人身子下面斯科特的脑袋上黑糊糊一片血污。凯特冲过去。―斯科特！‖她尖声叫道。
安东尼扭转身子面对着她。―女士，‖他对她说，声音很镇静，―回家去。叫警察和救护车来。‖凯特没听进他的话，伸着手要抱孩子。安东尼又开口了，口气严厉了许多，―夫人，听着！回家打电话叫警察——叫救护车，快！‖
凯特飞奔回家，打了电话，又通过寻呼机找到她丈夫加里。
第一辆警车到达时，安东尼仍然紧抱着年幼的斯科特。列车员从孩子的哭声知道他还活着，但斯科特可能有内伤，稍一动弹就有可能加重伤势。因此安东尼坚持让急救人员先对孩子进行检查，然后才放手。真是奇迹，斯科特伤势不重，只需缝十三针。雪铲与地面之间只有十四英寸。记者后来问安东尼他在冒生命危险救孩子之前有否犹豫。
―没有，‖他回答道，―我当时所想到的就是那两个孩子前头还有整个人生，如果我不采取行动，他们必死无疑。我决不能让这样的悲剧发生。‖
事故发生后不久，安东尼去普里查德家探望。他还记得他用双臂抱住托德和斯科特并将两人举起的情景。―这让我想起当时在火车底下我护着他们的情景。再一次抱住他们的感觉是奇特的 ——也是美妙的。‖
普里查德夫妇说，自从第一次来探望之后，安东尼几乎成了他们家庭的一员。他们还说，现在有道栅栏把他们的街坊与铁轨隔开了。
Content Questions
Pair Work
1.He thinks animals will probably do their best thinking when it serves their own purposes, not when scientists ask them to.2.Because he believes they may encounter animal intelligence in their daily life.3.He regards them as a new window on animal intelligence.4.She wanted to get more pineapple.5.He expanded the money supply by breading chips in two.6.It shows he is clever and sly.He ate up the fruit leaving nothing but stems to share with Miles.7.They say that animals cooperate when they learn it is in their interest to do so.8.The author thinks that what behaviorists say is right, but he doesn‘t think their explanation is satisfactory enough.9.Because Orky was the most intelligent animal she had worked with.10.Corky is a female whale because she is Orky‘s mate and delivered a baby whale.11.Because she thought the orange must have rolled off somewhere inaccessible.12.Towan hid his orange underneath his foot.The act reveals some animals are intelligent enough to know how to deceive.Text Organization
1.Eugene Linden wants to tell the reader that animals do have, at least, some limited intelligence, and the personal experiences of those who are in close contact with animals are more convincing evidence than that any experiments can provide.2.Let‘s Make a Deal: Some animals are intelligent enough to know how to bargain with people.Tale of a Whale: Animals like whales can assess a situation and act accordingly.Primate Shell Game: Animals can attempt to deceive.Language Sense Enhancement
1.(1)controversy(2)consciousness(3)explore(4)serves their own purposes(5)encounter(6)lack of it(7)convinced(8)mental feats(9)captivity(10)humans
Language Focus
I.Vocabulary
1.1)go(very)far 2)has expanded 3)in the interest(s)of 4)only to
5)encountered 6)has cooperated 7)assessed 8)(had)switched
9)horizons 10)gaze 11)disaster 12)wiped out
2.1)… a long/long running controversy over whether the book should be published or not
2)… felt relieved after her first meeting with Tom had gone smoothly
3)...suddenly went wrong with my computer when I was in the middle of writing the essay
4)… is obvious that our company is still maintaining its composition as market leader in software.5)… give in until they give her a pay rise
3.1)have undertaken, original, to explore
2)evidence convinced, underneath, extending to
3)to negotiate, encounter, to figure out, explore
II.Confusable Words
1.firstly 2.first, first 3.At first 4.First/Firstly
5.first 6.First 7.at first 8.first
III.Usage
1.animal intelligence whose
2.zoo keeper where
3.eye contact through what
4.money supply of what
5.killer whale what kind
6.baby whale how old
7.family member of what
8.sea turtle what kind/where
Comprehensive Exercises
I.Cloze
1.(1)emergency(2)evidence(3)original(4)sizing up
(5)negotiates(6)reveal(7)make a deal(8)dominant
(9)in their interest(s)(10)deceiving(11)controversy
(12)judgment(13)explore
2.(1)protect(2)However(3)type(4)situation(5)sights
(6)together(7)rang(8)associate(9)without(10)environment
II.Translation
1.1)A local business undertook the project but went bankrupt before it was completed.2)Let‘s make a deal—you wash my car, and I‘ll let you use it tonight.3)We got to the village which we thought must have been wiped out in the severe earthquake, only to find it slightly damaged.4)My garden is dry and shady—few plants thrive in that condition
5)Mystery still surrounds the exact truth behind the film star‘s death/exact circumstance of the film star‘s death.2.When I was young I used to visit the zoo in my hometown.There what attracted me most was a couple of tigers, especially the male.They were dept in a huge iron cage at first, but later were released from it and moved to a place called Tiger Hill.Twenty years later I revisited the zoo and was relieved to find Tiger Hill was still there, but greatly extended.Moving around now were six tigers, old and young, instead of two!
unit8
关于懒散少年的寓言故事
——本杰明·斯坦
去年一个秋日，我文件夹用完了，便去杂货店买。我拿了一大把文件夹搁在柜台上，问一个十几岁的售货员多少钱。―不知道，‖她回答说，―反正单价12美分。‖
我数了数文件夹。―二十三个，单价12美分，总共2.76美金，不含税，‖我说。
―你心算的？‖她惊奇地问道，―你怎么会算出来的？‖
―靠魔力，‖ 我说。
―真的？‖ 她问。
略受教育的成年人没有谁不会为这样的经历难过。虽然我们的孩子似乎比以往任何时候都要温厚和气，他们却如此无知——对自己的无知状况也如此无知——以至使我感到可怕。在我最近任教的一所私立大学，一个六十人的四年级班上，没有一个学生写短文时不犯拼写错误。没有一个学生例外。
但这只是问题的一小部分。在我所见过的许多学生中，再也没有过去学生都有的哪怕是进行最简单的计算的能力，他们对世界历史和地理都一无所知。
更有甚者，他们对这种种的无知却毫不在乎，实在令人不寒而栗。一位朋友的聪明但却很懒散的十六岁儿子在解释他为什么不想上加州洛杉矶分校时说的话是对这种态度的高度概括。―我不想去那儿跟亚洲人竞争，‖他说，―他们用功，什么都知道。‖
其实，无论他是否愿意，这位年轻人都将不得不去跟亚洲人竞争。他不能永远躺在先辈积累的经济、物质与人力资本上。用不了多久，他懒于用脑的结果将严重影响他的生活方式，也将影响我们其他所有的人。一个现代工业化国家无法靠一支懒散、无知的劳动大军运行。飞机会坠落。计算机会出故障。汽车会抛锚。
为使这样的美国青年彻底认识到这一点，我的愚见是：拍一部电影，或电视连续剧，生动地描述我们国家的今天如何来之不易——而要丧失这一切又何其容易。下面我奉献一篇寓言故事。
故事开始时，我们的主人公凯文·汉利1990，一名十七岁的高三学生，正坐在自己房间里，心情痛苦。他父母一定要他准备欧洲史考试。而他则想去买一副激光唱片随身听的耳机。他被迫要读的书——《各国的财富》——让他打瞌睡。
凯文进入梦乡，时值1835年，他是他本人的曾太祖父，十七岁，是爱尔兰克雷郡的一个农民。他住在小小的陋室里，睡在一头猪旁。他老是挨饿，总是要找吃的。他最大的心愿是学会读书写字，以便找一个职员的工作。有了固定的工资，他就能养活自己，贴补家用。但汉利的贫穷使他无从享受上学这样的奢侈。没有教育，没有钱，他无能为力。他惟一的希望寄托在孩子身上。如果他们能接受教育，他们就会生活得好一些。
我们的寓言故事快速展开。现在凯文·汉利1990成了他自己的曾祖父，凯文·汉利1928。他也是十七岁，在匹兹堡一家钢铁厂工作。他的父亲从爱尔兰来到美国，参加过纽约地铁的修建。凯文·汉利1928比自己的父亲和祖父境遇好多了。他能读书写字。他的工资比先辈在爱尔兰时的收入高多了。
接下来凯文·汉利1990梦见自己成了他自己的祖父凯文·汉利1945。他正在硫黄岛与死敌日本军队作战。他总是又热又饿又害怕。一天晚上他在散兵坑里与一个朋友讲自己为什么在那儿作战：―这样我的儿子、孙子就能生活在和平安全的环境里。等我回国了，我要勤奋工作，让儿子上大学，这样他就可以干脑力活儿，而不是靠卖苦力生活。‖
接着凯文·汉利1990成了他自己的父亲凯文·汉利1966。他终日用功，这样就可以上大学，进法学院。他住在漂亮的房子里。他一生在和平环境中过着富裕的生活。他对女朋友说，等他有了儿子，他不会像他父亲逼他那样逼自己的儿子整天读书。
就在这时，凯文·汉利1990被自己的梦惊醒了。他离开了爱尔兰，离开了那家钢铁厂，离开了硫黄岛，不由松了口气。他又睡着了。
他接着做梦，这次成了他自己的儿子凯文·汉利2020。枪声日夜不停。他那整个一代人忘却了过去为什么要有法律，因此现在没有法律了。人们丝毫不关心政治，政府不为工人阶级提供服务。
凯文2020的父亲，自然就是凯文1990本人，在日本人开的一家工厂当清洁工。凯文2020在一家专为有钱的欧洲人和亚洲人开的酒店里当行李工。公共教育到六年级为止。美国人早就不再要求自己的孩子接受良好的教育。
凯文1990最后梦见的是他自己的孙子。凯文2050没有有用的技能。日本制造的机器包揽了所有复杂的工作，没有什么体力活可做。没有受过教育，没有受过训练，他挣不到足够的钱养活自己。他住在贫民窟，没有暖气，没有卫生设备，无法不受四邻干扰，靠搜捡破烂度日。
总之，他的生活就像凯文·汉利1835在爱尔兰时一模一样。可是有一天，凯文·汉利2050与一位研究美国衰亡史的来访日本人类学家交上了朋友。那人跟凯文解释说，如果一个人没有钱，教育能提供积累金融资本所必需的人力资本。勤奋、教育、节俭、纪律能成就一切。―我们就是这样从一百多年前你们打败我们的战争废墟中站起来的。‖
―美国在战争中打败日本？‖凯文2050问道。他惊讶之极。这听起来就像说巴西在1990年打败美国一样不可思议。凯文2050发誓，如果他有孩子的话，他一定要让他们工作、上学、学习并约束自己。―能凭自己的脑力，而不是靠偷窃为生，‖他说，―那将会是个奇迹。‖
凯文1990醒了过来，身旁放着他的那本《各国的财富》。他打开书，跳入眼帘的第一句话就是：―一个不能恰当运用人类智力的人极可能比懦夫更可鄙。‖
凯文的父亲走了进来。―好了，儿子，‖ 他说，―咱们去看耳机吧。‖
―抱歉了，爸爸，‖凯文1990说，―我得看书学习了。‖
Pair work
1.She was amazed at the author‘s ability to do mental calculation.2.Children can‘t spell correctly;their knowledge of word history and geography is non-existent
3.He didn‘t want to compete with the hard-working Asians at U.C.L.A.He preferred a less intellectually challenging life.4.A modern industrial state cannot function with an idle, ignorant labor force.5.To use the media to dramatize and drive home the message to today‘s teenagers.6.He is fed up with the book he is forced to red.7.They can‘t read or write.They place their hopes on their children.8.He works as a cleaner in a factory owned by the Japanese.9.Because he has no education, no useful skill, and no discipline.10.Americans stop demanding good education foe children.Machines do all the complex work and there is little manual work to be done.America is poorer than Japan and European countries.11.Hard work education, saving and discipline help a nation rise from the ashes.12.He finally comes to realize the importance of study.Work on your own 1.Part one paras.1-10
Teenagers‘ idleness and ignorance will produce serious effects on all concerned and society as a whole.Part two paras.11-24
Kevin 1990 comes to realize in his dream how greatly lack of education costs his forebears, himself, his children and the society they live in, and how important it is to study hard.2.Part one
Teenagers‘ intellectual laziness and ignorance
Part two
Kevin 1990, his forebears(with the exception of his intellectual father),and his children lead a poor, miserable life.America is on the decline.There is no law and order in the country.America children have no chance to receive a good education.Businesses in America are owned by wealthy Europeans and Asians.Language sense enhancement
Indifference(1)
Summed up(2)
Preferred(3)
Financial（4）
Accumulated（5）
Intellectual（6）
点击咨询 