期末复习词汇1

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第一篇:期末复习词汇1

U1 Test A

1.The company is facing a __________ challenge in the next round of competition in the world

market.A.flexibleB.consistentC.firm.stiff

2.A good teacher won’t __________ his own views in the class;instead, he will exchange views

with the students..press onB.take inC.stand outD.break off

3.They didn’t __________ with an enormous cost involved when they decided to buy a house in that area.A.consider.reckonC.declareD.presume

4.A control over the population is __________ to the sustainable development of China.A.decisive.crucialC.efficientD.offensive

5.The general __________ the troops to retreat to the south and bided their time for a counterattack..instructedB.indicatedC.engagedD.reckoned

6.If you are sending a parcel abroad, you must fill in a customs __________.A.announcement.declarationC.invasionD.exploration

7.In the election __________, the candidates have to make a lot of inspiring speeches to win votes from all kinds of people.A.competition B.fightC.battle.campaign

8.The judge agreed that the defendant had been depressed and was not fully __________ for the accident.A.radicalB.externalC.inherent.responsible

9.Hundreds of people were __________ homeless due to severe earthquake in the western part of the country.A.obligedB.launchedC.pressed.rendered

10.The pioneer troops were designed to pin down the enemy __________ the final counterattack.A.due toB.senior to.prior toD.superior to

11.With the exchange rate soaring, their __________ to double the profit in export seems impossible.A.offensiveB.objectionC.obligation.objective

12.To avoid more casualties, the Red Army took a __________ to cross the raging river.A.stakeB.halt.gambleD.bet

13.If he told you that he had a luxurious car, he was just __________.He had only a secondhand bicycle.A.exaggerating.boastingC.cheatingD.deceiving

14.During Franco’s dictatorship in Spain, Juan Carlos I, who later became the King of Spain, had to live in __________.A.expel.exileC.exitD.excess

15.The judge apologized for his __________ words in the court, but the accused wouldn’t forgive him.A.consistentB.intimateC.confidential.offensive

16.If you want to prove yourself to be a grownup, you have to be __________ for what you say and do.A.respectableB.reproachful.responsibleD.respectful

17.When the Allied forces launched the counterattack, the Germans were caught off __________.A.sightB.surpriseC.sense.guard

18.Rather annoyed at his __________ remarks, she left the party without saying goodbye to the hostess..offensiveB.sensitiveC.instructiveD.positive

19.The only __________ to their marriage is her parents’ strong opposition because of her fiance’s humble origin.A.objection.obstacleC.oppressionD.complication

20.Due to unfavorable weather conditions, the military operations were __________ just on the eve of the originally scheduled attack..called offB.taken outC.paid offD.called out

21.__________ and impartial assessment of the employees’ performance at work is essential to the development of the company.A.Abundant.ObjectiveC.CapableD.Sufficient

22.The number of __________ in the air crash was estimated to be thirty-five by Washington Post.A.occupation.casualtiesC.registrationD.representatives

23.The manager was expecting a __________ reply to his counter-offer for the imported products..favorableB.prominentC.fundamentalD.primary

24.The manager decided to __________ a sales campaign of the products in order to regain the market share.A.relieveB.instructC.possess.launch

25.__________ by the mass of housework, she complained bitterly to her husband.A.Broken up.Bogged downC.Held upD.Brought down

26.Faced with unambiguous evidence, the suspect had to confess to __________ his landlady.A.have killedB.killC.be killing.having killed

27.Only by increasing its exports drastically __________ from the present awkward situation of trade imbalance..can the country emerge

B.has the country emerged

C.that the country might emerge

D.might emerge the country

28.You’d better find somebody else to see to it, for by five o’clock this afternoon, I __________ on my trip to Australia.A.would have gone.will have goneC.had goneD.has gone

29.__________, the assault craft had to change its direction and landed in a new sector.A.The current to be stiffB.Were the current stiff.The current being stiffD.To be stiff to the current

30.The desire to __________ makes him excited and energetic, but it also puts him under extreme pressure..winB.winningC.be wonD.having won

U1 Test B

1.The lawyer of the plaintiff launched a series of questions in the court, which clearly caught the defendant __________.A.in guardB.on guardC.to guard.off guard

2.Improved investor’s confidence is __________ to the recovery of the bull’s market in stock trading.A.internal.crucialC.additionalD.casual

3.It is not advisable to make money __________ one’s conscience or health.A.in the loss ofB.at the pay ofC.in the place of.at the cost of

4.The troops were heavily outnumbered and were forced to __________ thirty miles backward.A.release.retreatC.invadeD.intrude

5.Thanks to the heavy rain, the enemy’s cannons were __________ almost useless..renderedB.weakenedC.offendedD.surrendered

6.I’m afraid such an invalid as Mrs.White would not be able to __________ such a heavy blow.A.withdraw.withstandC.withholdD.resist

7.All of our players will spare no effort to __________ every possible medal at the Olympic Games.A.compete.contest C.fightD.contend

8.The partnership might have __________ for years more if Tom had not decided on a clean break.A.dragged inB.dragged offC.dragged out.dragged on

9.Having won the first round in the election, the candidate __________ for more than his original demand..held outB.held upC.held inD.held on

10.The government was urged to take __________ measures to stop violence and bring the country to peace again.A.impressive.decisiveC.exclusiveD.offensive

11.Public __________ for the safety of the missing passengers of the crashed airplane is all the more growing.A.irritationB.fractionC.reward.concern

12.Man should learn to live in harmony with nature instead of seeking a complete __________ of it.A.occupationB.control.conquestD.rule

13.By a __________ of luck, he won the lottery and got ten thousand dollars.A.strikeB.stressC.thread.stroke

14.We had our luggage inspected by customs officers when we crossed the __________.A.fringe.borderC.edgeD.rim

15.If any __________ arises when you go through the formalities of applying for an import license, please let me know.A.estimation.complicationC.devotionD.passion

16.The pursuit was __________ when it was clear that the goal had been attained.A.called inB.called on.called offD.called up

17.Lisa is rather __________ about her mother’s condition, foe she has just had an operation on her heart.A.relatedB.considered.concernedD.contented

18.The Spanish pair was their last __________ in the Tennis Competition in 2004 Olympic Games..conquestB.invasionC.oppressionD.casualty

19.Jack lacks sales experience, which has become a major __________ in his career.A.function.obstacleC.aptitudeD.concept

20.John was late for class because of the traffic jam.But __________ Tom, he overslept.A.in case ofB.as the case of.in the case ofD.as case of

21.Despite all the favorable conditions, risk factors must also be __________ with in the project.A.consideredB.thought.reckonedD.expected

22.More than half of the committee being __________, the meeting had to be cancelled.A.abstractB.absurdC.affirmative.absent

23.The package is protected with specially designed material which is strong enough to __________ rough handling in transportation.A.deriveB.modifyC.tribute.withstand

24.Switzerland prides itself on being a neutral country which does not belong to any military __________.A.allowanceB.offence.allianceD.defense

25.Politicians know they cannot create a lawful society simply at the __________ of a pen..strokeB.strikeC.strideD.strip

26.__________ they reached the town called Edmonton, they stopped the car and explored the area around.A.Before a mile or so whenB.Further than a mile or so as

C.For a mile or so after.A mile or so before

27.The British are not so familiar with different cultures and other ways of doing things, __________ in other European countries..as is often the case B.like often the case is

C.what is often the caseD.often the case is that

28.Talking about the stock exchange, I don’t mean __________ usually thought of when the term is used..what isB.that weC.as youD.all is

29.__________, he does not want her to be spoiled.A.Although much he loves his little girl B.As he loves his little girl much.Much as he loves his little girlD.Much although he loves his little girl

30.We were struck __________ the whole village was damaged by the severe storm.A.to the extent by which B.to which by the extent.by the extent to which D.by which to the extent

第二篇:七年级英语上册_期末复习_重点词汇

【维克多英语】初一英语上册基础知识整理姓名

【要求】看中文,说和写出中文!

I believe you can do it!

早上好Good morning!下午好Good afternoon!晚上好Good evening!你好Hello!/ Hi!你好吗?How are you? 我很好,谢谢!I’m fine, thanks.我很好,谢谢你!I’m OK, thank you.见到你很高兴Nice to meet you.这是什么?What’s this? 那是什么?What’s that?

什么颜色what color is / are …? 用英语in English

这用英语这么说? What’s this in English? 一本英语书an English book 一个橙子an orange

请拼写它。Spell it, please!我的名字是…my name is… 我是…I am …

你叫什么名字?What’s your name? 名字first name

姓氏last / family name 电话号码telephone number

你的电话号码是多少?What’s your telephone number? 一张身份证an ID card

一张学生证a student ID card 一串钥匙a set of keys 这串钥匙this set of keys 电子游戏computer game

玩电子游戏play computer games 两只手表two watches

一本英语字典an English dictionary 一本汉语字典a Chinese dictionary 一块橡皮an eraser

在背包里in the backpack 在铅笔盒里in the pencil case 如何拼写它?How do you spell it?

How do you spell “book”?---B-O-O-K, book.失物招领lost and found

在失物招领处in the lost and found case 请打电话给Mary。Please call Mary.请打12345。Please call 12345.请打12345找Mary。Please call Mary at 12345.这是什么?What’s this? 那是什么?What’s that? 这/这些是this is / these are 那/那些是that is / those are

这是我的妈妈。This is my mother.那是我的爸爸。That is my father.这些是我的姐妹。These are my sisters.那些是我的哥哥。Those are my brothers.我父母亲my parents

我的祖父母my grandparents 一张…的照片a photo of…

一张全家福照片a photo of my family 我的全家福my family photo

这里有一张我的全家福。Here is a photo of my family.Here is my family photo.叔叔和阿姨uncle and aunt

他们是我的表兄妹。They are my cousins.为…而感谢thanks for…

感谢你的帮助。Thanks for your help.感谢你的来信。Thanks for your letter.在哪里Where is / are…? 在沙发上on the sofa 在梳妆台上on the dresser 在墙上on the wall 在地板上on the floor 在书柜里in the bookcase 在课桌下under the desk 在床底下under the bed 在椅子底下under the chair 我不知道。I don’t know.一本数学书a math book 录像带video tape 一个闹钟an alarm clock 带来bring…to…

汤姆把书给我带来Tom brings the book to me.带去take…to…

我把书该给我的妹妹。I take the book to my sister.我需要…I need….我需要一本书。I need a book.这些东西these things

我需要这些东西。I need these things.我有…I have…

我有一个梦想I have a dream.我没有…I don’t have….我没有一个书包I don’t have a schoolbag.你有…吗?Do you have…?

你有一个手表吗?Do you have a watch? 一个足球a soccer ball 踢足球play soccer 一个网球拍a tennis racket 打网球play tennis 一个乒乓球拍a ping-pong bat 一个乒乓球a ping-pong ball 打乒乓球play ping-pong 打排球play volleyball 打篮球play basketball

做运动play sports 玩电子游戏play computer games 看电视watch TV 在电视上看…watch… on TV 在电视上看篮球比赛watch basketball games on TV 让我们…吧!Let’s …..让我们打棒球吧!Let’s play baseball.让我们一起做运动吧!Let’s play sports.那听起来很棒!That sounds good / great.那听起来很有趣!That sounds interesting.很多体育俱乐部many sports clubs 体育收藏sports collection 一项大的体育收藏a great / big sports collection 一项小收藏a small collection 每天/ 每天早上every day/ every morning 每天做运动play sports every day 每个男孩/ 学生every boy/ student

问题的答案the answer to the question 回答我的问题answer my question

一位跑步明星a running star 许多胡萝卜lots of carrots 许多沙拉lots of salad 许多鸡蛋many eggs 一些鸡肉some chicken 一些薯条some French fries 健康食物healthy food 水果和蔬菜fruit and vegetables 对于早餐 晚餐来说for breakfast /dinner我早餐吃汉堡。I have hamburgers for breakfast.你早餐吃什么?What do you have for breakfast? 吃得好eat well 现在几点?What time is it? What’s the time? 现在8点半。It’s 8 o’clock.去上学go to school 起床get up 吃早饭eat / have breakfast 洗澡take a shower 做作业do homework 许多作业lots of homework 睡觉go to bed 刷牙brush teeth 回家go home 到家get home

到达get to… 到达学校/ 酒店get to school/ the hotel 去工作go to work 工作很长时间work for longs hours 乘坐公交车take a bus 乘坐17路公交车take the No.17 bus

通宵工作work all night 早饭之后after breakfast 下课后after class

放学后after school 午饭之前before lunch 8点之前before 8 o’clock 一份工作a job 听音乐listen to music 喜欢做某事love to do sth.喜欢听音乐love to listen to music 在早上in the morning 在下午in the afternoon 在傍晚/晚上in the evening 在夜间at night 看晨间电视watch morning TV 在6点钟at six o’clock 几点…?What time…? 你几点起床?What time do you get up? 我6点起床。I get up at 6 o’clock.人们通常早上做什么?What do people usually doin the morning?

人们通常什么时候吃晚饭? When do people usuallyeat dinner? 了解关于…的情况know about 大约下午2点around 2 o’clock pm 然后andthen 学校开始上课school starts 写信write a letter 告诉…关于…tell sb.about sth.告诉我你早上的情况Tell me about your morning 最美好的祝福。Best wishes.最好的朋友best friends 最喜欢的科目favorite subjec6t 我/ 他/ 她最喜欢my/ his /her favorite...我最喜欢的科目是音乐。My favorite subject is music.最喜欢的颜色/城市/食物/运动favorite color/city/food/sport 为什么喜欢…?Why do you like…? 谁是你的科学老师? Who is your science teacher? 一位英语老师an English teacher 一位美术老师an art teacher 非常繁忙really / very busy 疲惫的be tired 最后一节课the last class 一个小时/ 两个小时an hour/(for)two hours

我打两个小时的的排球I have volleyball for 2 hours.一位严厉的老师a strict teacher 一项调查/ 做一项调查a survey/do a survey 我们必须做一项调查We must do a survey.在星期一/在周末on Monday/ on weekends 我星期二有美术课。I have an art class on Tuesday.他的工作是什么?What is his job?= What does he do? 在中国/美国in China/ America 你的爱好是什么?What are your hobbies?

告诉我你在中国的生活tell me about your life in China

第三篇:词汇复习4-11

期末词汇复习卷

班级____________ 姓名_______________

一、单词中译英

1、老虎

2、熊猫

3、斑马

4、苹果

5、梨

6、桃子

7、芒果

8、外套,上衣

9、短裙

10、(男式)衬衫

11、T恤衫

13、鸡蛋

14、茶

16、果汁

17、白色的19、书20、钢笔

22、圆珠笔

23、文具盒

25、故事书

26、抄写本

28、小刀

29、小汽车

31、公共汽车

32、动物园

34、女孩

35、父亲

37、阿姨,姑姑

38、叔叔,舅舅40、水龙头

41、钥匙

43、床

44、桌子

46、椅子

47、沙发

49、门50、盒子

52、胖的53、长的55、一

56、八

58、十六

59、十七

61、卧室62、书房

64、热狗65、米饭、蛋糕,饼

15、牛奶

18、蓝色的

21、铅笔

24、书包

27、修正带 30、自行车

33、男孩

36、母亲

39、儿子

42、收音机

45、钟

48、灯

51、电视机

54、新的57、十四60、十九63、浴室66、面包1267、馅饼68、帽子(有边的)69、鸭舌帽70、背心71、领带72、鞋子73、短袜74、皮带75、足球76、棒球77、钢琴78、小提琴79、吉它80、游泳81、钓鱼82、跑步83、慢跑84、攀登85、溜冰86、滑雪87、划船

二、单词英译中

4.banana___________5.pineapple_________6.watermelon_______ 7.blouse___________8.jacket_____________9.sweater__________ 10.hamburger________11.ice cream__________12.coffee___________ 13.yellow___________14.pencil sharpener_______15.rubber___________ 16.cinema___________17.supermarket__________18.the Great Wall_____ 19.fridge____________20.bookcase____________21.window__________ 22.crayon___________23.stapler__________24.camera_________ 25.grandfather_________26.brother_________27.sister__________ 28.daughter__________29.friend___________30.thirteen_________ 31.dinning-room__________32.kitchen__________33.sitting-room__________ 34.sandwich__________35.soft drink__________36.trousers_________ 37.volleyball__________38.basketball__________39.accordion________

三、词组中译英

1、一只黑色的猫_______________

2、一条棕色的狗________________

3、一支白色的钢笔_______________

4、一件红色的连衣裙______________

5、一张绿色的课桌_______________

6、一扇蓝色的门_______________

7、一位高个男子_______________

8、一位矮个妇女_______________

9、一个胖男孩_______________

11、一架小飞机_______________

13、一把长的尺_______________

15、一辆玩具火车

17、六只书柜

19、我的自行车_______________

21、他的床_______________

23、一杯茶_______________

25、七点钟

27、九点十分

29、看电视

31、在浴室里

33、一些鸡蛋

35、踢足球

37、弹吉它

39、红色的那一个

四、词组英译中

1.get up_______________、一个瘦女孩_______________、一个大公园_______________、一支短铅笔_______________

16、四只鸟

18、十八辆公共汽车 20、你的短裙_______________

22、她的新外套_______________

24、一杯牛奶_______________

26、二点零五分

28、三点十五分30、在卧室里

32、一些面包

34、十五元

36、打棒球

38、拉小提琴2.go to school_______________12 14

3.go home_______________4.go to bed_______________

5.go to the cinema_______________6.go to the supermarket_____________ 7.have lunch_______________8.come in9.a glass of orange juice_____________10.a cup of coffee_______________ 11.an English girl_______________12.an English book_______________ 13.a Chinese boy_______________15.some cakes_______________17.big eyes_______________29.can’16.from London_______________18.long hair_______________22.close your bookcase ________

第四篇:大二期末词汇练习

1.What connotations do you think the word atomic might have for each of the following people?

1)A scientist working in a project to develop industrial use for nuclear power.2)A Japanese resident of Hiroshima.3)A student of nuclear physics Connotation refers to what which a word suggests or implies, traditionally known as connotations(内涵).It is not an essential part of the word-meaning, but associations that might occur in the mind of a particular user of the language.In the three sentences above, different people have different connotations for the word atomic.For a scientist, something atomic is what he studies, he has a very deep understanding about this field and might also have accumulated many valuable experiences in the relevant experiments.For a Japanese in Hiroshima, he might himself have been involved in the nuclear bomb attack made by the US Air Forces, so may have the connotation of terror, pain, blood and death.However, for a student of nuclear physics, he might be fascinated with the mysterious atomic world and is eager to learn the knowledge on atomic physics 2.What is polysemy? What is the fundamental difference between the processes of radiation and concatenation?

3.How do you understand the statement that ‘true synonymy is nonexistent?’

4.Homonyms seem to be similar to Polysemants, but actually they are different.How can we differentiate homonyms from Polysemants?

5.What is hyponymy? What is the difference between superordinates and subordinates? 1.What is polysemy? What is the fundamental difference between the processes of radiation and concatenation?

Answer: Polysemy refers to a type of sense relation about words which have more than one meaning.Words of this feature are called polysemants or polysemic words.Basically, the development of word-meaning from monosemy to polysemy follows two courses, traditionally known as radiation and concatenation.They differ from each other in that radiation is a semantic process in which the primary meaning stands at the centre and the secondary meanings proceed out of it in every direction like rays whereas in concatenation the meaning of a word moves gradually away from its first sense by successive shifts until, in many cases, there is not a sign of connection between the sense that is finally

developed and that which the term had at the beginning.In radiation, the secondary meanings developed are all related to the primary meaning while in concatenation each of the later meanings is only related to the preceding one like chains and sometimes there is no direct connection between the latest sense and the original sense 3.How do you understand the statement that ‘true synonymy is

nonexistent?’

Answer: Synonymy is a sense relation about words which share the same or similar essential meanings and the same part of speech.Since the term ‘meaning’ is multi-faceted and the meaning of a word consists of different types of meanings, it is very difficult to find words which are the same in meaning of all aspects.Even though English does have a very small number of words of this type called absolute synonyms, they are rare in natural languages and therefore some people even claim that ‘true synonymy is nonexistent’.4.Answer: The fundamental difference between homonyms and polysemants lies in the fact that homonyms refer to different words which happen to share the same form and the latter is the one and same word which has several distinguishable meanings.One important criterion is to see their etymology.Homonyms are from different sources whereas a polysement is from the same source which has acquired different meanings in the course of development.The second principle consideration is semantic relatedness.The various meanings of a polysement are correlated and connected to one central meaning to a greater or lesser degree.On the other hand, meanings of different homonyms have nothing to do with one another.In dictionaries, a polysemant has its meaning all listed under one headword while homonyms are listed as separate entries.5.Answer: Hyponymy is the sense relation that deals with the semantic inclusion, or the meaning of a more specific word is included in that of another more general word.The general words which include the more specific words are called the superordinate terms while the more specific ones are called subordinate terms.The status either as superordinate or subordinate is relative to other terms.It varies under different circumstances.For example, horse, dog, pig are subordinates in relation to animal, but superordinates of mare, hound and boar

第五篇:期末复习

期末复习

第1课中国人民站起来了

1、第一届中国人民政治协商会议举行的时间()、地点()、会议通过了《》。内容:(1)选举中华人民共和国中央人民政府委员会,选举()为中央人民政府主席;

(2)大会决定以()为国旗,以()为国歌,以()为首都后改名为(),采用公元纪年;(3)决定在首都广场建立一座()。

2、开国大典的时间(),毛泽东庄严宣告()。

3、新中国成立的意义()。

4、西藏和平解放:()年西藏和平解放,9月人民解放军进驻西藏。

第2课最可爱的人

1、最可爱的人指()。()年10月,以()为司令员的中国人民志愿军开赴朝鲜前线,同朝鲜军民一起抗击美国侵略者。

2、战斗英雄()、()。

3、抗美援朝战争是正义的、反侵略战争,在朝鲜战场上中国军队五战五捷,把美国侵略军赶回到“三八线”。()年7月美国被迫在停战协定上签字。

第3课土地改革

1、土改原因:()

2、中央人民政府于()年颁布了(),它规定()。

3、()年底,除部分少数民族以外,全国大陆()上完成了土地改革。

4、意义()。

第4课工业化起步

1、第一个五年计划是从()年至()年。

2、基本任务是:主要是集中发展(),建立国家工业化和国防现代化的初步基础;相应地发展();相应地培养()。

3、五四年宪法的颁布:()年9月第一届全国人民代表大会在北京召开。制定了(),宪法规定我国坚持(),坚持(),一切权力属于()。

4、性质:这是我国第()部()类型宪法,也是我国有史以来真正反映人民利益的宪法。

第5课三大改造

1、三大改造的形式:农业、手工业采用(),工商业采用(),对资本家占有的生产资料实行()政策。

2、三大改造的意义:到()年,国家基本完成了对()、()和()的社会主义改造,实现了把生产资料()转变为社会主义()的任务。我国初步建立起(),从此,进入()。

2、一五成就:()。

第6课探索建设社会主义的道路

1、()年召开的八大确定的任务:集中力量发展(),实现国家工业化,逐步满足人民日益增长的物质和文化需要。

2、探索失误:()年,党中央提出(),发动了()和()运动。这使得左的错误在全国各地严重泛滥开来,主要标志是()()()和()。

3、建设伟大成就:石油工人(),两弹元勋(),县委书记()。

第7课“文化大革命“的十年

1、对文化大革命的态度:文化大革命是一场内乱。(性质)

2、文革中最大的冤案是()案,可见民主法制被严重践踏。

3、粉碎江反革命集团和文化大革命结束的时间:()年()月。

第8课伟大的历史转折

2、民主与法制建设:1980年中共中央决定撤销文化大革命中强加给()的种种罪名。1982年颁布了第()部《中华人民共和国宪法》,1986年又颁布了《》,此后,全国人大有通过了《》《》《》等一些列法律。基本上形成了以()为核心的中国特色的社会主义法律体系,我国逐步走向()的道路。

第9课改革开放

1、改革先从()开始:采取()形式。

附:农村经济体制改革是建立在公有制基础上的,目的是冲破阻碍生产力发展的人民公社,说明要保持社会主义制度旺盛的生命力,必须改革不适应生产力的生产关系。采取家庭联产承包责任制大大提高了农民的生产积极性。

2、对外开放:从1980年设立4个经济特区:广州的()、()、(),福建的();后来我们又开放了()()等()个沿海开放城市,增设了()经济特区,设立()开发区。()已发展成为国际化的经济中心和金融中心。现在我们形成了()—()—()—(),这样一个全方位、多层次、宽领域开放格局。

3、国企改革:从1985年起,城市改革全面展开,重点是()的改革。主要在三个方面进行,把原来单一的公有制经济发展为以()为主体的多种所有制经济共同发展;对国有企业实行(),逐步扩大企业的()自主权,实行经营责任制;实行()为主多种分配方式并存的制度。

第10课建设有中国特色社会主义

1、社会主义初级阶段基本路线:(),简称为()。

2、改革开放总设计师():邓小平理论是实现现代化的根本保证和指导思想,成为马克思主义在中国发展的新阶段。因为第一次系统的解决了()()等一系列基本问题。

3、在中国共产党的第()次全国代表大会上,把邓小平理论确立为党的指导思想。

1、十一届三中全会:()年底,内容:(),意义:()。

第11课民族团结

1、民族关系:中国是有()个民族组成的统一多民族国家。在长期的历史发展中形成了()的关系,并逐渐形成了以汉族为主体的各民族()的分布特点。

2、处理少数民族关系的政策:处理少数民族关系的原则:()()()。

3、政治上实行()制度,在()时候提出的,正式确立是在()年《中华人民共和国宪法》。我国建有()个省级自治区()、()、()、()、()和许多自治州、自治县。

4、意义:()。

5、经济上------各民族共同繁荣发展:

表现:西藏--我国五大牧区之一;()莫力达瓦达斡尔族自治旗----国家商品粮基地;()--第二大橡胶基地,随着改革开放的深入我国又提出了()战略,使我国的西部出现了大开发、大发展的新气象。大批援藏干部的杰出代表是()被藏族群众誉为“活菩萨”。

第12课香港和澳门的回归

1、一国两制的构想是()针对()问题提出的。目的是实现祖国统一。

2、一国两制的含义是:()。

3、香港、澳门回归:

原因:中国经济迅速发展、综合国力增强、国际地位提高。

过程:1984年底,中英签署联合声明,中国于()年()月()日对香港恢复行使主权。1987年4月,中葡签署联合声明,中国于()年()月()日对澳门恢复行使主权。

第13课海峡两岸的交往

1、推进祖国统一大业(对台方针的变化):新中国成立后,明确提出()台湾;20世纪50年代中期,争取()方式解放台湾;改革开放后,形成了“(),()”的对台基本方针;1995年初,()提出发展两岸关系、促进和平统一进程的()主张,这是新时期推进祖国统一进程的指导思想。

2、海峡两岸关系的变化:()年,台湾当局调整()政策,()年隔绝状态被打破;1990年,成立()(台),1991成立()(中);()年,两会就海峡两岸均坚持()原则(即“九二共识”)。

3、1993年,汪()辜()会谈在()举行。双方将()()写入协议,标志着海峡两岸关系迈出历史性重要一步。

4、()年3月以来,台湾政局发生变化。

5、日益密切交往现状:两岸人员往来以及经济、文化等领域的交流蓬勃发展。海峡两岸经济上()()的局面初步形成。

4、意义:()。

第14课钢铁长城

1、海军:新中国成立前夕,建立第一支海军();新中国成立后,又相继建立()、()、()舰队;1971年,自行研制出();()年,研制出第一艘核潜艇;()世纪()年代,海军现代化水平有了明显提高,兵种:水面舰艇部队、潜艇部队、海军航空兵、海军陆站队等。

2、空军:空军建立初,参加()战争,击落敌军战斗机()多架,()击落美国王牌飞行员的战斗机;()年,仿制成功第一架国产(),又制造出歼击机、轰炸机、强击机。

3、战略导弹部队:担任任务是();20世纪50年代研制导弹核武器;()年组建战略导弹部队,导弹核武器包括中程、远程、洲际导弹。

第15课独立自主的和平外交

1、和平共处五项基本原则:

背景:新中国的外交政策是();国际形势:①第一个与我国建立外交关系的国家是(),第一年与我国建立外交关系的国家有()个,②以()为首的帝国主义国家对我国采取外交孤立政策

2.和平共处五项基本原则首次提出:()年,中印就()问题;正式确立是()年,中印(总理是)缅(总理是)发表联合声明。

3.和平共处五项原则的内容:()。

4.和平共处五项基本原则的意义:()。

5、万隆会议:时间()年;地点();参加者:亚非独立国家首脑;特点:();议题:();贡献:周恩来提出“()”方针,促进会议的圆满成功(同:都被帝国主义侵略过,面临的问题(议题)相同;异:社会制度不同,建设道路不同。)

5.万隆精神:()。

第16课外交事业的发展

一.中国恢复联合国合法席位:

1.时间:()年()月()日,第()届联合国代表大会。

2.意义:中国外交的重大胜利,有利于中国在国际事务中发挥重大作用。

二.中美关系正常化:

1.背景:中国国际地位的提高;国际形势变化;两国共同要求。

2.过程:⑴()年7月,()秘密访华;⑵()年2月,()访华,签署《》。⑶()年,中美正式建交。

3.影响:中美两国二十多年的对抗结束了,两国关系()。

三.中日建交:()年,日本首相()访华。接着出现许多国家与中国建交热潮。

四.中国承办亚太经合组织会议(简称:)

1.背景:改革开放以来,随着社会主义现代化建设的迅速发展和综合国力的提高。

2.时间:()年10月21日;地点:()科技馆

3.参加者:布什(美)、普京(俄)等()位国家领导人。

4.主题:()。

5.内容:()。

6.意义:()。

五.中国加入世界贸易组织(WTO):()年11月

意义:加入世贸有助于加强我国与世界各国个地区经贸联系,为我国对外开放扩展了新空间。标志着我国对外开放事业进入一个新的阶段。

第17课科学技术成就

(一)1、()年10月16日,我国第一颗原子弹爆炸成功了。同年我国设计的()在西北地区进行飞行试验,获得成功。1966年10月,装有()的中进程地地导弹点火发射成功。

2、()年我国成功的发射了第一颗人造地球卫星(),成为继(),世界上第()个能独立发射人造地球卫星的国家。

3、我国多次发射()和(),又多次发射()卫星,将卫星成功的收回地面。

4、1999年,我国成功发射第一艘无人飞船()。2003年,中国成功发射第一艘载人飞船()。()年中国成功发射神舟六号载人飞船。

5、2001年,国家科学技术奖励大会在北京隆重举行,()主席亲自把国家最高科学技术奖颁发给水稻专家(),以表彰他的突出贡献。

6、()年在世界上首次育成()杂交水稻,比普通水稻增产()以上,被称为(),他本人也被国际农学界誉为()。

第18课科学技术成就

(二)1、1986年3月,四位老科学家联合向中共中央写了一封信,题为()。

2、《863计划纲要》选择()()()()()()(),1996年又将()列为计划的()领域。

3、20世纪末,人类进入了高度的信息化时代,以()为主要特征的数字化正在改变着世界,引起经济和社会的深刻变化。

4、2004年,全球上网用户已达到()亿,其中()以上是青少年。

5、中国古代有“秀才不出门,便知天下事”的说法,今天这种说法已经通过()变成了现实。

6、科学技术是第一生产力是()提出来的。

7、国家有关部门制定了(),公约的颁布标志着我国青少年有了较为完备的网络行为道德规范。

第19课改革发展中的教育

1、新中国成立后,特别是改革开放以来,教育事业有很大发展。党和政府尤其重视()的发展。

2、1986年颁布实施了(),到()年,全国基本上实现了普及()。

3、20世纪90年代以来,党和政府实施()的发展战略,明确提出(),把()作为科教兴国的(),并要求实施(),全面贯彻党的教育方针,培养()()()()全面发展的社会主义事业建设者和接班人。

4、20世纪90年代,为迎接新世纪的挑战,教育部启动了将()()等若干所大学建设成世界一流大学和高水平大学的工作。

5、高等学校的科学技术工作成绩显著。他们承担的国家863计划项目,占()以上,获得国家发明奖,占全国()左右。

第20课百花齐放 推陈出新1、1956年,中国共产党提出了()()的方针,文学艺术创作出现了崭新的局面。

2、毛泽东对学生提出()的要求。面向全体学生,以增强学生体质为主的体育课,被列为学校重点课程。(),国家把体育作为提高全民素质的重要内容,大力开展全民健身运动。

3、1990年,中国首次成功地举办了()。

4、()是中国第一个乒乓球男子单打世界冠军。

5、射击运动员()获得了第一块奥运会金牌。

第21课人们生活方式的变化

一.衣食住行的变迁:

1.()世纪末,中国整体进入小康社会。

2.改革开放后,衣食住行出现很大变化。解决了中国十几亿人口的温饱问题。

3.解决交通堵塞的根本措施:()、()、()等硬件设施。

二.社会保障体系:养老保险、()(最引人注目)、失业保险、城市低保。

三.人们生活方式变化的原因:

1.改革开放前:经济发展水平低,物质匮乏、单调,城乡居民收入水平低。

2.改革开放后:改革开放,调动了人们的积极性,社会经济发展了,人们生活水平有了明显提高。

四.

1、北京申奥成功时间--2001年7月13日

2.名人名言:

“一不为名,二不为利。但工作目标要奔世界先进水平”、“两弹元勋”()

“教育要面向现代化,面向世界,面向未来”()

“科学技术是第一生产力”()

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