英文写作 当今婚姻趋势

第一篇：英文写作 当今婚姻趋势

The current trend of marriage:

(1)Marriage emotional

People in traditional time have no right to choose their own marriage, all these are decided by their parents who usually compare the family background and economic conditions of both sides.And the marriage are not based on emotions, most people are used to “love after marriage “.But now more and more people advocating the “free love”, they not only put more emphasis on emotional foundation before marriage, but also pursuit the emotional life after getting married.(2)Diversification of forms of marriage

Accept of the traditional wedding , there are a number of younger in 80s and 90s are breaking the shackles of the traditional wedding, choose a more simple and romantic wedding forms such as travel wedding or mass wedding.(3)Rational marriage

On the one hand, people can decide their marriage or marriage life according to their own situations, as some people choose late marriage, some people will choose to be a ” Dink“ family, and there are people enjoy ”AA system " and share equal housework in their life;on the other hand, people will treat the success and failure of marriage rationally, such as they can deal with divorce more calmly and view “live together before get married” as a common phenomenon.The reasons behind the current trend of marriage

As the globalization , informational technology and the advent of the modern era , exotic culture and ideas spring into China, which greatly stimulated the liberation of people's ideas , people increasingly liberated from the traditional concept of marriage , they have a more open , inclusive and rational attitude towards marriage;with increased income and improved living standards, people have more leisure time and energy to run a marriage and put a growing emphasis on the quality of marriage life;the state and government have give more autonomy in peoples’ personal life, and marriage laws and regulations they carried out provide a institutional basis for people freely choosing their own marriage.

第二篇：跨国婚姻 英文演讲稿

Transnational marriage With the development of the world, everything is changing, including people'smind,one respect is transnational marriage.What is the transnational marriage? The transnational marriage could easily be used to describe a marriage between two people of different races, like between a Chinese and an American.In the 19th century, transnational marriage was illegal in most states in the US,in 1967, the landmark Supreme Court case, Loving V.Virginia, put an end to legal discriminationin transnational marriage.Today this phenomenon has became more and more popular, our presentation is going to talk about this phenomenon, mostly about the marriage between two people of difference races, especially about a Chinese and a foreigner.The famoustransnationalmarriage

Marriage is a romantic and pure, as famous people, stars also have their marriage, some of them aretransnational marriage, and now let me introduce them.1、Wei Wei(韦唯)&Michael Joseph Smith December23，1995，Michael Joseph Smith watched a Chinese sing show, when he knewWeiWei, quickly,they fell in love.In 1994, they got married in The Kingdom of Sweden, and they had three sons in five years.It looks hopeful, but the marriage ended in 2004,because of Michael Joseph Smith'sCharacter and the different culture.2、Bruce Lee(李小龙)& Linda Emery March 27, 1961, Bruce lee came to America, and learned in Washington University, during the university, they were acquainted, and fell in love.Finally, they dropped out of the university, and got married in august 12,1963.Later, they worked together, and had two children, a son and a daughter.Their life are full of sunshine, unfortunately, Bruce Lee leave the world in 1973, Even it, their marriage still is a successful transnational marriage.3、Ning Jing(宁静)&Paul Kersey

In 1996，movie Red River Valley come out, people knew the actress, Ning Jing, she became a star, and she was known the actor Paul Kersey by the movie, After a very short period of time, they completed the married, and they have a son.In 1998, they acted the film Yellow River Love.Form then, Ning Jing started to stay at home to look after their son, but she still wanted to work, she had a contradiction with her husband.In 2011, Ning Jing recognized she has ended the marriage, because of the different culture.As the famous marriage, more and more in the world, such as Liu Ye(刘烨)and his French girlfriend, Deng We Di(邓文迪)and Rupert Murdoch, Jiang Wen(姜文)and his French wife, and so on.But in the end, most transnational marriage ended up with a failure, a few couple hasa successful life.The different attitudes towards transnational marriage How do people think about this phenomenon? There are some different answers from them.I conclude some main reasons about two different sides, Supporter or Opponent.In opponent opinion, transnational marriages can cause many problems within the family.First the couple has a different family background, culture, and tradition, eating habits, especially the religion, many disagreements can occur.Second, the language is important for communicate, but in the transnational marriage, the couple use the different language, the barrier for communication has brought a lot of trouble, Third, about the children, they grow in a family including two and more culture, it can be challenging in accepting both cultures at the same time.How to teach the child right thinking is the general problem for the transnational family.Finally and foremost, most people call transnational marriage“worship and have blind faith in foreign things”, because of the traditional culture, they cannot accept transnational marriage, so in fact, most people object the transnational marriage, now that a marriage which no people understand and support, it must be failed.On the other hand, in supporter opinion, it isn‟t trouble, it is chance.First as the member of the transnational family, you can experience a new lifestyle, pursue a better welfare services, say goodbye to the past, even have a mixed-race baby, it is a nice life.Second, International marriages can promote knowing about different cultures and customs, even if different language.Third, you and your children will have the chance to learn a new language.Of course, finally and foremost, purpose of marriage is for love rather than for the family, if the couples understand each other, no barrier exists between them.My opinion for transnational marriage In my opinion, there is no distinction between right and wrong.In fact, the understanding of transnational marriage is not like what we see as the terrible and mysterious, only a person marriedanother personwho from a different country.Since the choice is a two-way and double-pass, it also needs more humility, tolerance, play and responsibilities, if they understand each other, why object the transnational marriage? As for our attitude, I think we should give more respect and understanding.It is said by Tagore that love is an endless mystery, for it has nothing else to explain it.True love is inclusive cross each other„s cultural habits and eating habits, mutual tolerance, mutual adaptation.Love is the greatest refreshment in life, loving a person is difficult, but giving up the person you loved is more difficult than it, so if you sincerely love a person, please accompany her forever.Thank you!

第三篇：英文写作

作文（2011年09月网考）

精简作文35篇，有基础的可以背诵以下范文，学会套用，没基础的就用WORD翻译写短句或打印小抄。一篇文章可以套用在多种场合。相同的文章，记忆时只记忆一篇即可

1.My mother（我的母亲）

My mother is a kind and gentle woman.She is very busy from morning till night.As a teacher she works diligently and efficiently.As a mother, she takes good care of me and gives me every comfort.My mother teaches English in a middle school.She loves her students.She treats them with patience and teaches them well.For her excellent qualities and very good teaching results, she is always praised and respected by both her students and colleagues alike.My mother is great indeed, and I always feel proud of her.我妈妈是一位亲切和善的女人。她从早晨到晚都很忙。作为一名教师,她工作勤奋并有效率。作为母亲,她对我关怀备至,给了我所有的安慰。我母亲在一所中学教英语。她很喜欢她的学生。她耐心对待他们并且教好他们。对于她优质的品质和优秀的教学成果,她总是受到赞美和尊重，她也总是称赞她的学生和同事。

我母亲的确很伟大,我总是为有这样的母亲感到自豪。

2.The man I love most in my life（我最爱的人）/ My father（我的父亲）

The man I love most in my life is my father.He is my first teacher and my dear friend.When I was a little child, I used to sit on my father’s knees, listening to his stories.When I was seven years old, I started primary school.I was young, so my father picked me up from school every day.On the way, I told father everything that happened at school.He listened carefully and always smiled happily.He is always proud of me.I’m sure my father’s love will lead me to my success and I will love him forever.我生命中最爱的这个人是我的父亲。他是我的启蒙老师,我亲爱的朋友。当我还是个小孩子的时候,我常常坐在父亲的膝盖,听他讲故事。

当我七岁时,我开始上小学。因为小，所以父亲每天接送我放学。在路上,我告诉父亲在学校所发生的一切事情。他听得很认真,总是高兴地笑着。他总是以我为荣。我相信父亲的爱能让我获得成功,我将永远爱他。

3.My beloved grandparents（我亲爱的祖父母）

My grandparents are important people in my life.I was brought up by them when I was young.My parents used to work in another city.It was my grandparents who took care of me.My grandmother cooked delicious food for me and taught me how to read and write.My grandfather sent me to school and picked me up every day.My grandmother is now 75 years old and my grandfather is 76 years old.They are now living near us.They are always proud of me.Now it’s my turn to take good care of them.I love my grandparents so much.在我的生命中我的祖父母是很重要的人。我小时候是他们养育的。我的父母曾经去另一个城市工作了。这时候就由我的祖父母照顾我。我的奶奶煮好吃的食物给我和教我如何读和写。我的祖父每天骑车送我到学校。

现在我的祖母75岁了,我的祖父是76岁。他们现在住在我们附近。他们总是以我为荣。

现在轮到我了,我要好好照顾他们。我非常爱我的祖父母。

4.My best schoolmate（我最好的同学）/ My Classmates（我的同学）

Liu Kai is my schoolmate.He is a good student and always ready to help others.One day on his way to school, he saw a little girl crossing the road when a car nearly hit her.Just then Liu Kai rushed up to her and caught her by the arm.The little girl was saved.She told him where she lived, and he took her home.When Liu Kai hurried into the classroom, the teacher had already begun lesson.He told the teacher why he was late.He was then praised for what he had done.刘凯是我的同班同学。他是个好学生并乐于助人。一天在他上学的路上，他看见一个小女孩过马路，当时一辆汽车差点撞到她。就在那时，刘凯冲到她跟前用双臂抱起了她。小女孩得救了。她告诉他住的地方，然后他就把她送回家了。当刘凯急匆匆地赶到教室时，老师已经开始讲课了。他告诉老师他迟到的原因。然后他就因此受到表扬了。

5.My teacher of English（我的英语老师）/ My Teacher in High School（我的高中老师）My Teacher / A(good)teacher to remember（我的老师/难忘的老师）

My English teacher(in high school)is Miss Huang.She is a beautiful lady.There is always a smile on her face.Miss Huang likes singing.She is good at playing the piano.In the evening, she always sits in front of the piano and plays nice music.She is a good dancer, too.Sometimes she teaches us dancing.Miss Huang likes dogs very much because the dog is very friendly and cute.Her favorite color is blue, because blue is the color of the sky and the sea.She is my favorite teacher.Our classmates all like her very much.我的英语老师（高中）是黄老师。她是一位美丽的女士。她脸上总是挂着笑容。黄老师爱唱歌。她擅长于弹钢琴。晚上她总是坐在钢琴前，弹奏动听的音乐。她也是一个好的舞者。有时她教我们跳舞。黄老师非常喜欢狗因为狗友好又可爱。她最喜欢的颜色是蓝色，因为蓝色是天空和大海的颜色。

她是我最喜欢的老师，我们的同学都很喜欢她。

6.(My)School life（我的学校生活）(同my first year in college大学生活的第一年)/ My Study Plan(学习计划)

English study was the most important thing in my school life./（in my first year in college.）In order to study English well, I make a study plan.I would like to share my study plan with you.First, remember 20 new words everyday, and never give up.Second, go over the grammar points I have learnt in English class regularly.Third, read an English article in China Daily every day.Fourth, write an English composition every week and ask teacher to revise that for me to improve the writing level.Through these ways, I have made a lot of improvements in English.英语学习是我学校生活/（大学一年级）最重要的事。为了学好英语，我制定了学习计划。我愿意

和你分享我的学习计划。第一、每天背 20 个生单词，从不放弃。第二、定期复习英语课上学习的语法知识。第三、每天阅读一篇《中国日报》的英语文章。第四、每周写一篇英语作文，并让老师修改，以此来提高英语写作水平。通过以上办法，我英语学习有了很大进步。

7.How to learn English well?（如何学好英语？）/My english study（我的英语学习）本篇内容与上篇内容基本一致，学会套用。

English is always my favorite subject and I am good at English.I would like to share four good studying habits with you.First, remember 20 new words a day, and never give up.Second, go over grammar points I have learnt in English class regularly.Third, read an English article in China Daily every day.Fourth, write an English composition every week and ask teacher to revise that for me to improve the writing level.If you do things above, I am sure your English will also be improved.英语是我最喜欢的科目，而且我英语比较好。我想和你分享四条好的学习习惯。第一，每天记忆20个生单词，永远坚持。第二，复习定期在英语课上学到的语法点。第三，每天坚持阅读中国日报的一篇文章。第四，每周写一篇英语作文，请老师批改以提高写作水平。如果你做到了以上几点，我相信你的英文一定会有所提高的。

8.Why I study English?（我为什么学习英语?）/ 或者:Why do students like learning English?(为什么学生喜欢学习英语？)Why I Like Learning English(为什么我喜欢学英语)

Why do I study English? /(Why do students like learning English?)Firstly, English is very useful.English is the most widely used language in the world.If we make a visit to foreign countries or do business with foreigners, we need to communicate with them in English.Secondly, with China becoming stronger and stronger, we have more chances to go abroad.We can know the English-speaking countries much better if we know English.Both China and English-speaking countries have realized the importance of the culture exchange.Above all, English is useful and important, we must master English.我为什么喜欢学英语呢（学生们为什么喜欢学习英语）？ 首先，英语有用。英语是世界上应用最广泛的语言。如果我们去国外旅游或者和外国人做生意，我们就需要用英语和他们交流。其次，随着中国越来越强大，我们有更多出国机会。如果我们懂英文，就可以更深刻地了解英语国家。中英文国家都已经意识到文化交流的重要性。总之，英语既实用又重要，我们必须学好英语。

9.Self-study（自学）/How to achieve success of distance learning（如何在远程学习中获得成功）

As adult students in Shanghai TV University, self-study becomes very important.According to me, there are several pieces of tips of self-study.First, I always make a study plan in the beginning of a new semester.Second, preview every unit before the lesson.Third, try to finish the homework after class.Fourth, go over what I have learnt in class regularly at home.Without review, you will absolutely forget what you’ve learnt as quickly as possible.So reviewing is helpful in understanding and memorizing what you’ve learnt.作为上海电大的成人学生，自学很重要。对我来讲，我有下列自学方法。第一，我总是在学期初制定好学习计划。第二，课前预习每个单元。第三，课后完成作业。第四，定期在家里复习所学过的知识。不复习，你绝对会很快忘记学过的知识。所以，复习在理解和记忆所学知识方面很有帮助。

10.My expectation of the long-distance education（我对远程教育的期望）

Now, I am a student in Shanghai TV university, in other words, I am a distance learner.I have a lot of expectations on my distance education.Firstly, I hope to improve my spoken English.I

work in a foreign invested company.My boss is a foreigner.I need to talk with him in English every day.So I would like to improve my spoken English very much.Secondly, I hope to improve my English writing ability.I need to receive and answer emails in English every day, but I don’t know many English words.These above are my expectations of the long-distance education.现在我在上海电大学英语。换言之，我是一名远程学习者。对远程教育，我有许多期待。第一，我希望可以提高我的英语口语。我在外企上班，老板是外国人，每天我都需要和他用英语交谈，所以我非常想要提高英语口语。第二，我希望提高英语写作能力。每天我都需要收发英语邮件，我词汇量不大。以上这些是我对远程教育的期望。

第四篇：英文写作

写作

大学英语B

一、Help Me to Buy a Spoken English Book

1.介绍你的近况。

2.请他帮你买本英语口语书。

3.欢迎他方便时来访。

答案：

Help Me to Buy a Spoken English Book

Oct.16, 2007

Dear Li Hua,It's long time since we haven't seen each other.I miss you very much.How's everything going on with you？I am busy preparing PETS 4.I was wondering if you could help me buy PETS 4 English oral textbook published by the Beijing Press, because the books were sold out here.Drop in when you are free.I often think of those happy days we spent together at university.Please let me know as soon as possible once you get the book.My best wishes.Yours,Wang Lei

二、Bad Manners in Public

1.列举人们在公共场所的不良现象。

2.对其中某一种现象陈述你的看法，并简单说明理由。

答案：

Bad Manners in Public

Although we consider ourselves as highly advanced beings living in a civilized society, bad manners can still be found here and there.For example, some cyclists run the red traffic lights, many passengers litter waste papers and plastic bags in public places, and some tourists scrabble in tourist attractions, let alone spit on the street.In the cinema, some audience talk loudly on cell phones in front of others.三、My Opinion on Cell PhonesI'm strongly against talking loudly in the cinema, for this behaviour shows no respect at all to others;what's worse, it upsets the audience who are in the mood of having fun.1．使用手机的好处；

2．使用手机的弊端；

3．我的看法。

答案：

My Opinion on Cell Phones

Cell phones do play an important role in people's daily life, but every coin has two sides.To start with, a wireless mobile phone is convenient for the user at any time to contact others.Secondly, it's a helpful companion.With a multifunctional cell phone in hand, one can easily surf the net, downloading what he needs.However, the cell phone has many disadvantages.For one thing, the machine itself is very expensive and its local service is very costly, not to mention its global service.For another, the radiation transmitted from the mobile phones might do harm to the user's health.四、My Favorite TV Program

1.你最喜欢什么电视节目？

2.你为何喜欢这种电视节目？

答案：

My Favorite TV Program

The News Broadcast is my favorite TV program.This has become a part of my life because almost everyday I turn on the TV at7:00 pm, watching CCTV 9 news program.Watching the daily news brings me the following benefits.Firstly, it develops my good language skills, proper pronunciation and greater knowledge and understanding of news around the world.Secondly, watching TV news as a family opens a stage for discussion between family members on a wide variety of topics.What's more, sharing the news helps kids better understand the world they live in, helps them learn more on different views and on how to act or respond to tough situations if they face it.All in all, watching the news program is informative, communicative and instructive.五、Can Money Buy Happiness?

1.不同的人对金钱能买来幸福观持有不同观点。

2.我的观点。

答案：

Can Money Buy Happiness?

Can Money Buy Happiness? The answer varies among people.Some believe that money is In my opinion, with its expenses being reduced sharply, its development will have a brighter future.Therefore its advantages will far outweigh its disadvantages.the source of happiness, because money provides food for the hungry, medicine for the sick, and clothes for the needy.While others hold that money is the root of evils, because it is the devil of money that drives a person to lie, cheat, steal, and, worst of all, to murder.In my opinion, money is essential to being well-off, but not necessarily to well-being.Happiness is a state of mind, not something that can be bought.All in all, happiness is less a matter of buying what we want than a wanting what we have.六、The Digital Products

1.如今数字化产品得到广泛的使用，例如……。

2.数字化产品的使用对人们生活所带来的影响。

答案：

The Digital Products

Nowadays, digital products are enjoying growing popularity among people.Take me for example, the first thing I do after waking up is switch on my cell phone to check my text messages and read the latest news.Then listen to music on my iPod on my way to school.At the end of the day, I enjoy watching TV programs, or surfing the net.Why are we so fond of those digital products? The answer is simple.They are doing us good---making our lives comfortable and convenient.These two key factors represent the trend of new inventions of modern age that brings in the wide use of digital products.七、写作

Instructions:建议你在30分钟内，根据下面所给的题纲用英语写出一篇不少于80词的短文。

上星期天你打电话叫Jack和你去公园。在公园你们看见……，你们玩得很高兴。get up late;call;get to;many people;do exercise;read;lake;fly

答案：

Last Sunday, I called Jack to go to the park with me.I got up late.We got to the park near our school on foot.We saw many people there.Some old people were doing exercise.Some middle-aged couples were dancing.Some young people were reading.The park was big and there was a large lake in it.It was such a beautiful day.Some children were flying kites.Jack and I also joined them.It was so much fun.We enjoyed ourselves very much.八、写作

Instructions:建议你在30分钟内，根据下面所给的题纲用英语写出一篇不少于80词的短文。

内容提示：假如你叫张琳，你昨天（4月7日）在放学回家的路上发生了交通事故，你从自行车上摔了下来，被好心人及时送到了医院，医生叫你卧床休息三天，特此请假（ask for a sick leave）

要求：

1、请根据以上内容，向班主任张老师写一张请假条；

2、以第一人称写，不能逐字翻译；

3、词数80左右。

答案：

To: Mrs.Zhang, Head teacher

From: Zhang Lin

Date: 7th, April

Subject: Sick Leave

Mrs.Zhang,I would like to know if I could ask for a sick leave of absence from April 8th to 10th.Yesterday I had a car accident on my way home.I was riding a bicycle to turn right when a motorcycle suddenly rushed towards me.I was hit by the motorcycle and fell down from the bike.The driver disappeared soon.Luckily, some warm-hearted women sent me to the nearby hospital.I had bruises on my arms and legs, but my bones were not hurt.The doctor asked me to lie on bed for three days.Therefore, I ask for a sick leave for three days.九、写作

Instructions:建议你在30分钟内，根据下面所给的题纲用英语写出一篇不少于80词的英文通知。

明天（星期五）全班同学将去参观科学博物馆（the Science Museum），由你（班长）通知全体同学。（通知的开头和结尾已给出）。具体内容如下：

1．早上8点钟在校门口集合，步行前往；

2．参观时要认真听，仔细看，并记下有趣的东西；

3．不可在博物馆内大声喧哗及拍照；

4．携带钢笔和笔记本；

5．下星期一交一份有关参观的报告。

要求：1.不要逐句翻译；2.词数80个左右。

答案：

Fellow students,Thank you!

第五篇：当今世界经济的全球化趋势学案

专题十七

当今世界经济的全球化趋势

【专题点睛】

本专题主要讲授的是二战后世界经济发展状况及当今世界经济全球化的主要趋势。主要内容包括二战后建立了以美国为主导的资本主义世界经济体系，欧盟的成立及世界经济的区域集团化，世界贸易组织的产生发展及经济全球化。通过讲授，要让学生掌握从战后至今世界经济的发展趋势，了解当今世界经济发展的区域集团化与经济全球化的特征，分析中国加入世贸组织的影响和作用，正确评价和认识当今世界经济全球化的趋势。

当今世界经济的全球化趋势

第1课 战后资本主义世界经济体系的形成

【课标考点1】

了解布雷顿森林体系、国际货币基金组织、世界银行、《关税与贸易总协定》等史实，以“布雷顿森林体系”建立为例，认识第二次世界大战后以美国为主导的资本主义世界经济体系的形成。【解析考点1】

1.二战后布雷顿森林体系建立的背景、过程及作用。

（1）背景：①随着二战胜利的临近，有识之士主张建立有效的机制，以稳定世界秩序。

②二战以前所未有的力量冲击了欧洲的世界中心地位，使原有的世界经济格局发生了深刻的变化。德、意、日战败，英、法等国实力大为削弱；惟独美国的经济实力在战争中大大膨胀起来。

③经济实力的急剧膨胀使美国企图按照自己的意志规划战后的“世界经济蓝图”，确立在世界经济中的霸权地位。

（2）建立：1944年夏，美、英、中等国在美国的布雷顿森林召开联合国货币金融会议，会议最终通过了《联合国货币金融会议最后议定书》，决定成立国际货币基金组织和国际复兴开发银行（又称世界银行）这两个国际货币金融组织，总称布雷顿森林体系。

（3）作用：①布雷顿森林体系的建立标志着以美元为中心的国际货币金融体系的建立。美元成为国际支付手段和储备货币，从而确立了美国在二战后相当一段时期内左右世界经济的霸主地位。②布雷顿森林体系的建立，是美国对外经济扩张的需要，同时也在一定程度上稳定了世界经济秩序，促进了世界贸易。

2.战后以美国为主导的资本主义世界经济体系形成的过程、意义。

（1）过程：①战后资本主义世界经济体系是以美元为主导的国际货币金融体系和以美国为中心的国际贸易体系。②1947年，美国、中国等23个国家签署《关税及贸易总协定》，简称关贸总协定。《关税及贸易总协定》确立了国际自由贸易体制，形成了以美国为中心的国际贸易体系。③调整世界经济贸易和金融的三大支柱：世界银行、国际货币基金组织和关贸总协定。

（2）意义：尽管在体系中，美国拥有特殊地位，但是它们的出现顺应了经济全球化的历史趋势，反映了第二次世界大战后世界经济向着体系化、制度化的方向发展。

【考点释疑1】

二战之后，西欧国家的经济在战争中遭到重创，而美国却跃升为资本主义世界头号强国的历史背景下产生的，由此而形成的以美国为主导的资本主义世界经济体系——布雷顿森林体系。美国不仅在国际金融体系中居于特权和支配地位，而且也试图通过《关税与贸易总协定》来操纵世界贸易，向外扩张经济。但世界经济体系的形成，有利于世界贸易的发展和国际资本的流动，为战后世界经济的恢复和发展创造了条件。【考点综合1】

第二次世界大战以后，由于战争的影响，西欧经济遭到严重破坏，美国却成为资本主义的头号强国。为了迅速恢复经济，稳定社会局面，西欧各国不得不依附于美国，唯美国马首是瞻。美国则在通过马歇尔计划帮助西欧各国走上复兴道路的同时，逐步建立起以美国为主导的资本主义世界经济体系。这一体系，一方面使美国通过“布雷顿森林体系”掌握了国际金融控制权。另一方面也使美国通过《关税与贸易总协定》形成了美国为中心的国际贸易体系。关贸总协定、国际货币基金组织和世界银行构成了战后世界贸易、货币和金融的三大支柱，它标志着战后世界经济已经朝着制度化、体系化方向发展。总的来说，战后资本主义世界经济体系的建立，为美国的对外扩张和确立霸主地位提供了条件，但在客观上，这个体系的建立也为资本主义世界的经济发展创造了相对良好的国际环境。

第2课 当今世界的经济区域集团化

【课标考点2】

以欧洲联盟、北美自由贸易区及亚太经济合作组织为例，认识当今世界经济区域集团化发展趋势。【解析考点2】

1.欧洲经济区域一体化的背景、过程及意义。

（1）背景：欧洲有着共同的文化遗产和心理认同感。①二战后欧洲传统的国际地位一落千丈。②美、苏以欧洲为主战场的“冷战”使欧洲人民意识到不能再发生欧洲人打欧洲人的战争了。欧洲联合的必要性强烈的表现出来。

（2）进程：① 1952年，欧洲煤钢共同体正式成立，标志着欧洲经济一体化的开始。1957年，六国首脑签署《罗马条约》。1958年，欧洲经济共同体和欧洲原子能共同体在布鲁塞尔宣告成立。②1967年，以上三个共同体正式合并为欧洲共同体。③1968年，关税同盟建成。同年，欧洲共同农业政策基本得到实施。1985年欧洲统一大市场提出；1993年，正式开始运作。④1992年，欧共体成员国正式签订了《马斯特里赫特条约》，正式将“欧共体”改名为“欧洲联盟”。⑤1993年，欧盟正式成立，标志着欧共体正式由一个以经济合作为主的组织转变为一个具有经济和政治双重性质的组织。欧洲一体化的内容从最初的经济合作扩大到政治、经济、军事一体化。⑥1995年，欧盟决定将欧洲单一货币定名为欧元。2002年1月1日正式起用。

（3）意义：①欧洲一体化符合欧洲的整体利益和欧洲各国的利益。②欧洲一体化也改变了世界格局，极大地提高了欧洲在国际上的地位。

③欧元的诞生是欧洲经济一体化进程中具有历史意义的里程碑，有利于整个欧洲经济稳定地发展。

2.北美自由贸易区成立的背景、过程和作用。

（1）背景：①20世纪80年代末，世界经济全球化的发展迈上了一个新台阶，这对美国是一个严重的挑战。②加拿大和墨西哥也需要应对世界经济发展全球化趋势的挑战。因此，三个国家开始建立区域经济组织，以求与欧共体等抗衡。

（2）过程：1992年，美国、加拿大和墨西哥签订了《北美自由贸易协定》，建立起北美自由贸易区域组织。该协定从1994年开始生效，北美自由贸易区正式成立。

（3）作用：①在经济上形成互补。促进了三国的经济发展。②为三国贸易的扩大和生产的合作带来了极大的便利。③其他美洲国家也开始意识到经济联合的重要性。3.亚太经合组织成立的背景、过程、原则和作用是什么？

（1）背景：20世纪70～80年代，亚洲及太平洋地区是世界上经济增长最快的地区，区域内各国经济联系密切。

（2）过程：①1989年，在澳大利亚首都堪培拉美国等12个国家宣告亚太经合组织正式成立。②1991年，中国和中国台北、香港加入该组织。

（3）原则：相互尊重和平等的原则、开放的地区主义原则、协商一致和自愿的原则，以及以渐进的方式实施目标的原则。其合作方式被看做是一种制度上的创新，称为APEC方式。

（4）作用：①使亚太地区在世界经济和政治格局中的地位与作用大大提高。②还在区域经济合作和一体化发展中走出了一条行之有效的新路，创造出了一个新的模式，引起了世界的广泛关注并产生了深远的影响。

【考点释疑2】

冷战结束后，世界经济格局发生了重大变化。由于各国之间经济竞争日趋激烈、国际经贸领域的竞争加剧、贸易保护主义抬头。越来越多的国家选择了走经济区域化的道路。20世纪80年代，世界经济区域集团化的趋势加强，形成了欧洲联盟、北美自由贸易区和亚太经济合作组织三个具有巨大影响力的区域经济集团。这说明，在共同的机遇和利益的驱动下，地理位置相近、通过自主自愿、共同参与来推动地区间合作是历史发展必然趋势。发展水平不同的国家组成区域性经济集团不仅有可能，而且还有一定的内在动力。地区性各国建立良好的经济贸易关系，会对世界贸易、投资自由化和经济技术合作发展作出的积极贡献。欧洲联盟、北美自由贸易区和亚太经济合作组织的建立，反映了战后世界经济中的区域集团化加强的趋势，是各国经济联系日益密切和国际竞争日益加剧的必然产物。