第一篇：大学英语期末翻译
【翻译】1.老师回来时你敢告我状的话，我就不再和你说话了。If you dare tell on me when the teacher gets back I won’t say a word to you any more.2.有些老年人愿意独自过日子，但大多数老人选择和儿女一起生活。Some elderly people prefer to live on their own while the great majority choose to live with their children.3.现在需要面对的事情是：如何筹集创建公司所需的资金。Here is something that needs to be reckoned with: how to get the necessary finances to establish the company.4.no matter what excuse he gives 无论他给什么借口 ； 5.no matter what anyone else may think 无论别人可能怎么想。1.考虑到那个地区受欢迎的程度，提前订旅馆是明智的。Taking the popularity of the region into consideration it is advisable to book hotels in advance.2.服药后若有呕吐感，请立即停止服用并尽快咨询医生。If you have a feeling of wanting to throw up after taking this drug stop taking it immediately and consult your doctors as soon as possible.3.总结这次讨论时，他说双方都要好好考虑怎样以最有效的方法来解决这一问题。Summing up the discussion he said both parties should consider the most effective way to solve the problem.1.在思维方面，与他的行为一样，他是非常传统的。In his thinking as in his behavior he is very traditional.2.从长远看，大学毕业后继续深造而不是直接参加工作是值得的。In the long run it is worthwhile to pursue one’s study after graduating from university instead of going to work directly.3.由于这所学校的办学宗旨是品的第一，所以道德观和学习成绩受到同样的重视。As the school operates on the Character First principle moral values and academic achievements are stressed equally.4.这所学校把为学生做好人生准备当做其职责，办法是倡导一整套能是所有学生受益的道德标准。The school sees its job as preparing its students for life by cultivating a comprehensive set of principles that can benefit all of them.1.从各方面考虑，这座城市都是世界上最令人激动的城市。Everything considered this city is the world’s most exciting city.2.尽管没有得到父母的赞同，他还是继续他的计划出国学习。Though with no approval from his parents he went ahead with his plan to study abroad.3.这座桥是以一位英雄的名字命名的，这位英雄为人民的事业献出了生命。The bridge was named after the hero who gave his life for the cause of people.4.这位作家于1950年因出版一本小说而一举成名，小说的灵感来自于他和一位姑娘在农场的经历。The writer instantly rose to fame in 1950 with the publication of a novel inspired by his experience with a girl on a farm.1.Not until the train started to move did mary stop weepin（玛丽才停止哭泣）2.Not until Alice had a baby of her own did she become aware her how hard it was for her mother to have brought up her sister and her on her own.(她才了解她母亲独自一人把她和她姐姐抚养成人有多难）3.直到看见弥留之际躺在床上的母亲，他才意识到自己是多么的爱她。Not until he saw his mother lying in bed, dying, did he realize how much he loved her.4.克拉克夫人躺在床上一动也不动，一时间我都纳闷她是否还活着。Mrs.Clark lies in bed motionless, and I wondered briefly if she is still alive.5.整栋楼一片黑暗，只有三楼的某个窗户透出一丝光。The building was darkened except for a single light burning in a third-storey window.6.他伸手拿起电话，拨通了宾馆的号码。He reached for the phone, picked it up, and dialed the hotel’s number.1.The candidate toured in several cities inthe state,giving speeches of his political viewpoints so that more people woulid vote for him(为的是更多的人会投他一票）2.I'll give you all the factsso that you can judge for yourself.(以使你自己作出判断）3.要将英英词典放在手边。当你不能准确的理解单词时，你就能随时查阅。Keep a English-English dictionary handy,and wwhen you cannot understand a word with accuracy, you may refer to it any time.4.对一个想找工作的学生来说,有没有硕士学位的确有很大影响。A master's degree does make a great difference to a student who wants to get a job.5.这本书除了告诉我们地震方面的知识外，还告诉我们如何做好预防工作。In addition to the knowledge about earthquakes,the book tells us how to prepare for them..
第二篇：英语期末翻译
2）画蛇添足（西汉）刘向
楚有祠者，赐其舍人卮酒。舍人相谓曰：“数人饮之不足，一人饮之有余。请画地为蛇，先成者饮酒。” 一人蛇先成，引酒且饮之，乃左手持卮，右手画蛇曰：“我能为之足！”未成，一人之蛇成夺取卮曰：“蛇固无足，子安能为之足？”遂饮其酒。为蛇足者，终亡其酒。白话译文：
古代楚国有个人祭过祖宗以后，把一壶酒赏给来帮忙祭祀的门客一壶酒。门客们互相商量说：“大家一起喝这壶酒不足够，一个人喝它还有剩余。要求大家在地上画蛇，先画好的人喝这壶酒。”一个人最先完成了，拿起酒壶准备饮酒，却左手拿着酒壶，右手画蛇，说：“我能够为它画脚。”他还没有把脚画完，另一个人的蛇画好了，抢过他的酒壶，说：“蛇本来就没有脚，你怎么能给它画脚呢?”话刚说完，就把那壶酒喝完了。那个给蛇画脚的人，最终失掉了那壶酒。
英译：The Man Who Draws a Snake and Adds Feet to It
By Liu Xiang of the Western Han Dynasty A native of Chu after worshipping his ancestors gave his retainers a pot of wine.One of the retainers said, “It is insufficient for all of us, but too much for one of us.I suggest, therefore, that we draw snakes on the ground, and the one who first finishes drawing the snake will win the pot of wine.” When one retainer had completed his drawing, he took the pot to drink.As he held it in his left hand, he continued to draw the snake with his right hand, saying: “I can add feet to it.” While he was adding feet to his snake, another man who had then drawn his snake snatched the pot from his hand, protesting: “No snake has feet.How can you add feet to it?” Then he took the wine.The man who added feet to the snake lost his prize at last.参考译文： 1）根据传说，伏羲生于中国西部，出生之前在其母腹中孕育了12年。伏羲教会了人类打猎、捕鱼、驯养野兽、饲养家禽。伏羲制定了人类的嫁娶制度，教会人们劈柴取火和烹煮食物；此外，他还通过龟背上的裂纹创立了八卦，这些八卦成为数学、医学、占卜学和风水的基础。伏羲创造了中华民族的图腾龙，被认为是中国历史上第一个真正的统治者。
1）Fuxi was born in the west part of China and, according to legend, he was carried in his mother’s womb for twelve years before birth.He taught people how to hunt, fish, domesticate animals and tend their flocks.He instituted marriage and taught people how to devise tools to split wood, kindle fire and cook food.He devised the Trigrams, which evolved from markings on tortoise shells.These trigrams served as the basis for mathematics, medicine, divination and geomancy.Furthermore, he created the Chinese dragon as the totem of the nation and was considered as the first real ruler.1）儒家的创始人是孔子（公元前551—479），他提出了一套道德规范，基于五种美德：仁、义、礼、智、信。其中“仁”被认为是他的哲学理念的基石，代表着忠诚、孝道(filial piety)、宽容和善良。他还提倡人与人之间和谐相处、按照行为规范标准建立生活社区。他的追随者之一孟子(公元前372-289)不断地向统治者们游说，试图说服他们修身养德，为人典范，以仁政赢得人民的尊重。1）Confucius(551—479 BC)was the founder of Confucianism.He advocated a set of moral code on basis of five merits: benevolence, righteousness, propriety, wisdom and trustworthiness.Among them, benevolence was considered as the cornerstone of his philosophy, which stands for faithfulness, filial piety, tolerance and kindness.He also requested people to keep in good harmony with each other and establish a community ruled by standard manners and behavior.One of his followers, Mencius(372-289BC), repeatedly tried to convince rulers that the ruler should cultivate moral perfection in order to set a good example to the people and the ruler who governed benevolently would earn the respect of the people.2）中国哲学有着几千年的历史，其起源可以追溯到《易经》，其中介绍一些最重要的中国哲学概念。自始至终中国哲学的核心就是对人与社会的现实关注、如何过理想的生活，以及如何去组织社会。伦理（ethics）和政治哲学(political philosophy)常常要超越在形而上学（metaphysics）和现象学（epistemology）理论之上。中国哲学的另一个特征是反映了自然和自我，因而产生了天人合一、人在天地之间的位置，以及对差异（differentiation）和变化的阐释。2）Chinese philosophy has a history of several thousand years;its origins are often traced back to the I Ching(the Book of Changes), which introduced some of the most fundamental terms of Chinese philosophy.The central focus of Chinese philosophy throughout the ages has been a practical concern with man and society, how to live an ideal life, and how best to organize society.Ethics and political philosophy have often taken precedence over metaphysics and epistemology.Another characteristic of Chinese philosophy has been reflections on nature and the self, which has resulted in the development of themes like unity between man and Heaven, the place of man in the cosmic order, and the explanations of differentiation and change.1)“送别”是唐诗里常见的主题。通过赠诗给一个即将离别的友人，诗人常常表达自己的悲伤之情。送别诗里常用的意象(image)有音乐、酒和柳枝。音乐是送别仪式必不可少的部分。音乐通常由琵琶等古典乐器演奏，旋律优美而悲伤。在这种场合，喝酒也是必要的。也许这是因为酒能够让人得到安慰，忘却生活中的烦恼以及与友人离别的愁绪。送别的另一个风俗便是为友人送上柳枝。因为“柳”和“留”同音。通过这种方式，诗人就表达了让友人永远留下来的愿望。
‘Parting’ was a common theme in Tang poetry.By writing a poem to a friend who was leaving, the poet usually showed his sorrow and sadness.Images frequently used in a parting poem included music, liquor and a willow twig.Music was an important section of the parting ceremony.The music, which was often melodious and sorrowful, was played by traditional instruments such as ‘Pipa’.Drinking liquor was also a necessary part on these occasions.Perhaps it was because liquor could console people and help them forget troubles in life and the sadness of parting from a friend.Another custom was giving a willow twig to the leaving friend, since ‘willow’ in Chinese has the same pronunciation of that of ‘stay’.In this way, the poet expressed his wish that his friend stay with him forever.2)《红楼梦》（Dream of the Red Chamber）是中国文学“四大名著”之一。它写于18世纪中叶，并被认为是中国文学中的杰作(masterpiece)以及中国小说史上的顶峰。许多学者都致力于该作品的研究，而这个研究领域也被称作“红学”(Redology)。人们通常认为该小说反映了作者曹雪芹自己的经历以及他家族的兴衰。该书的优秀之处不仅在于它的情节和人物塑造(characterization)，同时也在于它对当时社会生活结构的精确、细节的描写。几个世纪以来，小说中的许多词句已经融入了中国人的日常语言。由此可见该书经久不衰的魅力。
2）Dream of the Red Chamber is one of the ‘Four Great Classical Novels’ of Chinese literature.It was written in the middle of the 18th century and considered as a masterpiece of Chinese literature as well as the peak of Chinese fiction.Many scholars are devoted to the study of this novel and the field of study is known as ‘Redology’.The novel is usually thought to be reflecting the experience of the author Cao Xueqin and the rise and decline of his own family.It is remarkable for not only its plot and characterization, but also its precise and detailed observation of the life and social structures of that time.For centuries, a huge number of words and expressions from the novel have already been incorporated into the daily language of Chinese people, which demonstrates the ever-lasting charm of the book.1）中国古代教育在中国文化中起着举足轻重的作用。中国古代教育最早可以追溯到周朝中后期诸子百家的教育思想。古代中国的教育给人们提供了一个平等的发展机会，即使出身贫寒的人也有可能步入仕途。春秋时期，伟大的教育家孔子打破“学在官府”的陈规。私人学堂盛行。不同的学派通过学堂传播他们的思想主张，出现了百家争鸣的局面。
1)Education played a vital role in ancient Chinese culture.The origin of ancient Chinese education dates back to the educational ideas of the ―Hundred Schools of Thought‖ in the middle and late Zhou Dynasty.It provided people equal chance for development.Individuals from even the humblest backgrounds could rise to higher level.In the Spring and Autumn Period, Confucius, the great educator, broke the rule of learning at the government hall.Private schools prevailed and many scholars of different schools of thought spread their teaching in this way and this led to the flourishing and contending of hundreds of schools.2）孔子既是教育家又是哲学家。他的思想理论规范影响着人们的伦理、道德、生活等方方面面。孔子思想的特征之一是他十分强调教育与学习。在思与学的关系上，他认为学思并重。他认为，“学而不思则罔，思而不学则殆。”对孔子来说，道德教育是最重要的。孔子的目的是培养举止优雅、言谈得体、遇事周全的谦谦君子。
2)Confucius was an educator as well as a philosopher.His thoughts and theories had impact on people in many aspects such as ethics, moral principles and rules of life.One of the features of Confucius’ thoughts is his emphasis on education and learning.In the relationship between learning and thinking, he believed.that learning and thinking were equally important.He believed that, ―Learning without thought is labor lost;thought without learning is perilous.‖ He considered moral education the most important.Confucius’s goal was to create gentlemen who would carry themselves with grace, speak correctly, and demonstrate integrity in all things.1）沈括是宋朝的著名官员、军事将领。他的不朽名著《梦溪笔谈》(Dream Pool Essays)记载了包括地质学、天文学、活字印刷（movable type printing）、植物学和动物学等各种学科。该书是中国历史上最早使用“石油”这一名称的著作，为自然科学做出了卓越贡献。沈括与当时的很多人不同，他以一种客观而思辨的态度观察自然现象。他提出了用阳历代替阴历的主张，立春为岁首，大月31天，小月30天。
1）Shen Kuo was a highly renowned government official and military general of the Song Dynasty.Shen Kuo’s immortal masterpiece Dream Pool Essays records various fields of study including geology, astronomy, movable type printing, botany and zoology etc.In the book, the word ―shiyou‖(petroleum)was used for the first time in the literature of Chinese history, which was his remarkable contribution to science.Unlike most people in his time, Shen Kuo took an objective and speculative viewpoint on natural phenomena.He advocated that the solar calendar be used to replace the lunar calendar, with thirty-one or thirty days a month and ―lichun‖(―Start of Spring‖ according to lunisolar calendar)as the beginning of a year.2）徐光启（1562年～1633年）是中国明朝的数学家和农业科学家。他身为政府高官，最早将西方科技成就引入中国，也是明朝末年最早信奉天主教的文人。天主教早期之所以在中国传播，得力于一些中国政府官员和文人的帮助，特别是徐光启。徐光启撰写了《农政全书》（Complete Treatise on Agriculture）这部农业百科全书。该书基本上囊括了诸如农田灌溉、农具制作、植树放牧及生产养蚕等古代农业生产和人民生活的各个方面。
2)Xu Guangqi(1562-1633)was a Chinese mathematician and agricultural scientist in the Ming Dynasty.As a top official, Xu was perceived as a pioneer introducing Western scientific achievements in China and also the first intellectual believer in Catholicism in the late Ming Dynasty.The spread of Catholicism in China in the early ages owed much to some officials and intellectuals, especially Xu Guangqi.Xu compiled Complete Treatise on Agriculture, an agricultural encyclopedia.The book basically includes all the subjects concerned about various domains in the life and production of ancient Chinese people, such as irrigation, farm tools, planting trees, herding, manufacturing, and silkworm breeding.1）中国龙是吉祥的生灵，象征着力量、智慧、好运和掌控风和水的威力。因此，中国人自豪地称自己是龙的传人（descendants）。龙被尊崇为雨神（the God of Rain）。在干旱或水灾发生时，人们会去当地的龙王庙（dragon-king temple）烧香祈求情况的好转。龙对雨水和海浪的控制也和其在12生肖中的地位密切相关。关于这12种动物为确保能榜上有名所进行的竞赛有各种传说，但顺序是按动物最活跃的时间点确定的。龙对应于7点至9点，此时最有可能会雾气蒙蒙，而龙却能腾云驾雾。
1）The Chinese dragon is an auspicious creature, symbolizing strength, wisdom, good luck and power over the elements of wind and water.As such, Chinese people proudly claim they are the descendants of the dragon.The dragon was worshiped as the God of Rain, and in times of drought or flooding, locals would visit a dragon-king temple and burn incense to pray for more favorable conditions.The dragon's power to control rain and waves is also closely related to its rank in the 12 zodiac animals.Various tales describe the race of these 12 animals to secure their place on the list, but the sequence is determined by the time of day when the animal is most active.The dragon corresponds to 7 am to 9 am, when it is most likely to be foggy, allowing the dragon to ride atop clouds and mist.2）风水，字面意即为―风和水‖，可追溯至中国战国时期（公元前475-221）。在古代，也被称为堪舆。按传统，建造房屋、楼群、定居点和陵墓前都要先咨询风水大师。风水一度是中国传统文化中的重要组成部分，它依据诸如道家和《易经》等中国古代哲学学说，强调了人与环境的和谐共存。看风水的做法从地理、建筑、伦理和预言等方面，提倡了道家的天、地、人合一的理念。风水被赋予神秘感。事实上，古时它是被广泛应用于东方建筑的一种古老艺术。中国的许多著名的文化名胜，包括北京的故宫，都是按照风水原则设计的。风水学对中国社会产生了深远的影响并为大众所接受。
2)Feng shui, literally ―wind and water‖, dates from China’s Warring States Period(475-221 BC).In ancient times, the practice was also called kanyu.Traditionally, a feng shui master was consulted before houses, buildings, settlements or tombs were constructed.Based on ancient Chinese philosophies, including Taoism and Yijing, feng shui was once an important part of traditional Chinese culture and emphasizes the harmonious coexistence of humans and their environment.Following the disciplines of geography, architecture, ethics and prophecy, the practice also promotes the Taoist principle that the earth, sky and mankind are part of a single whole.Feng shui is considered mysterious.In fact, it is an ancient art widely used to orient buildings in olden times.Many of China’s well-known cultural monuments, including the Forbidden City in Beijing, were designed using feng shui principles.Feng shui has a profound effect on Chinese society and is widely embraced by the public.1）首都北京是中华人民共和国政治、文化和行政管理的中心，是一个新旧交融、魅力无限的大都市(metropolis)。北京作为人类居住地的历史已超过了3000多年。作为世界上少数未傍主要河道而建的内陆首都之一，北京将自己长期显赫的历史归功于战略性的地理位置。北京位于北纬39o56'，东经116o20', 雄踞于华北平原(the North China Plain)的最北部；西北部是山西省和内蒙古大草原(he Inner Mongolian Steppe)，东向是渤海(the Bohai Sea)。
1）Beijing, as the capital city, is the political, cultural and administrative center of the People’s Republic of China, as well as a fascinating metropolis that mixes the old and new.Beijing as a settlement has a history of more than 3,000 years.It is one of the few inland capitals in the world that is not built beside a major river, which owes its long prominence to its strategic geographical position.Beijing is situated at 39o56' North Latitude and 116o20' East Longitude, majestically reposing on the northmost part of the North China Plain;to the northwest lie Shanxi Province and the Inner Mongolian Steppe, and towards the east is the Bohai Sea.2）胡同即狭窄的街道或巷子，在中国北方的城市很常见，其中又以北京的胡同最为著名。在北京，很多街区是这样形成的：四合院(Chinese quadrangle)彼此相连形成胡同，进而胡同彼此相连形成街区。胡同是北京文化要素的代表。由于北京悠久的历史和六朝古都的地位，几乎每个胡同都有其轶事趣闻(anecdotes)，一些胡同甚至还与历史事件紧密相关。与紫禁城、颐和园和天坛所代表的宫廷生活和精英文化(elite culture)相比，胡同反应了北京的平民文化。
2）Hutongs are a type of narrow streets or alleys, commonly associated with northern Chinese cities, most prominently Beijing.In Beijing, many neighborhoods were formed by joining one Chinese quadrangle(siheyuan)to another to form a hutong, and then joining one hutong to another.Hutongs represent an important cultural element of the city of Beijing.Thanks to Beijing’s long history and status as capital for six dynasties, almost every hutong has its anecdotes, and some are even associated with historic events.In contrast to the court life and elite culture represented by the Forbidden City, the Summer Palace, and the Temple of Heaven, the hutongs reflect the culture of grassroots Beijingers.1）茶之为物，能引导我们进入一个默想人生的世界。采茶必须天气清明的清早，当山上的空气极为清新，露水的芬芳尚留于叶上时，所采的茶叶方称上品。因此，茶是凡间纯洁的象征，在采制烹煮(infusion)的手续中，都须十分清洁。采摘烘焙(fermenting)，烹煮取饮之时，手上或杯壶中略有油腻不洁，便会使它丧失美味。所以也只有在眼前和心中毫无富丽繁华的景象和念头时，方能真正的享受它。(节选自林语堂《茶与交友》)
1)There is something in the nature of tea that leads us into a world of quiet contemplation of life.Picked at early dawn on a clear day, when the morning air on mountain top was clear and thin, and the fragrance of dews was still upon the leaves, tea is still associated with the fragrance and refinement of the magic dew in its enjoyment.Tea is then symbolic of earthly purity, requiring the most fastidious(严苛的)cleanliness in its preparation.From picking, fermenting and preserving to its final infusion and drinking, easily upset or spoiled by the slightest contamination of oily hands or oily cups.Consequently, its enjoyment is appropriate in an atmosphere where all ostentation(虚饰)or suggestion of luxury is banished from one's eyes and one's thoughts.（Excerpted from ―Tea and Friendship‖ by Lin Yutang）
2)书法作品跟舞蹈艺术一样可以展现肢体和动作的美感。相互之间能吸收灵感。张旭，唐代草书（cursive-script calligraphy）大家，以韵律独特和风格豪放而著称。传说，他观舞蹈名家公孙一舞而悟，书法大有长进。舞者通过独特的节奏和利落的动作展示了诸如活泼、喜悦、悲伤、愤怒、渴望、需求、勇气和灵感等多种魅力和和情感。张旭草书、李白诗歌和裴旻剑舞被当朝皇帝誉为三绝。
2)Calligraphic works can demonstrate the beauty of both the body and movement, like the art of dance.They can absorb inspiration from each other.Zhang Xu, a cursive-script calligraphy master of the Tang Dynasty, was famous for distinctive rhythms and a wild style.Legend says that he made swift progress in his calligraphy after he got inspiration from a dance performed by the famous dancer Gongsun.Through distinctive rhythms and neat movements, the dancer demonstrates various kinds of charms and emotions such as vividness, joy, sadness, anger, aspiration, demand, boldness and inspiration.The cursive-script calligraphic works by Zhang Xu, the poems by Li Bai and the sword dance by Pei Min were praised as the three wonders by the emperor of their time.1）重视教育和尊敬师长是中国悠久的传统美德。中国的第一部教育学专著《学记》(Record of Learning)提出了“教学为先”的思想。三千年前的周代，国家设立了不同规模不同层次的学校，由官员兼任教师。春秋时期，孔子开办了私学，并提出人无论贵贱都有受教育的权利。对教育的重视决定了教师的地位。中国民间有许多尊师的说法，如“一日为师，终生为父”。现在，中国还把每年的9月10日定为“教师节”。
1)It is a long-standing traditional virtue to value education and respect teachers in China.The first monograph about education in China, the Record of Learning, brought up the idea of ―education is the top priority‖.Three thousand years ago, in the Zhou Dynasty, the government set up schools of different scales and levels with officers as teachers.In the Spring and Autumn Period, Confucius even ran private schools with a slogan that everyone, rich or poor, had the right to receive education.Respect for education determines the status of teachers.There are a lot of sayings that show respect towards teachers, such as ―A teacher for a day is a father for a lifetime‖.Nowadays, September the tenth is designated to be the Teachers’ Day in China.2）孝顺(Filial piety)是中国文化中一个重要的美德，指的是一个人对父母和祖先的尊重。历史上儒家经典作品《孝经》(Classic of Xiao or Filial Piety)一直被认为是该美德的权威(authoritative)来源。该书介绍了如何利用孝顺建立良好的社会。一般而言，孝顺是指善待和照顾父母，尊敬父母、支 持父母、对父母讲礼貌。也指不仅在家对父母在外对他人都要从善，从而为父母带来好名声。虽然中国人一直拥有众多不同宗教信仰，孝顺却几乎是所有人共同的。
1)Filial piety is considered a key virtue in Chinese culture, which is about the respect for one’s parents and ancestors.The Confucian classic, Classic of Xiao or Filial Piety, has historically been the authoritative source on this virtue.The book is about how to set up a good society using the filial piety.In more general terms, filial piety means to be good to and to take care of one's parents, to show respect, support and courtesy to one’s parents.It also means to engage in good conduct not just towards parents but also outside the home so as to bring a good name to one’s parents.Although the Chinese have had a diversity of religious beliefs, filial piety has been common to almost all of them.敦煌莫高窟（The Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes），也称千佛洞，位于甘肃省敦煌市附近的鸣沙山东路石崖上。它被认为是世界上最大最古老的佛教艺术宝藏。莫高窟的修建始于366年，在唐代达到鼎盛，但到了元朝才竣工。现存492个窟和1045幅壁画(mural)，以及245座彩绘泥塑(clay sculpture)和5个唐宋时期的木质建筑结构。除此之外，莫高窟还存有大量的横跨三国到北宋数个朝代的经文(scripture)、文献和绘画。敦煌莫高窟展示出各类艺术形式的精华，同时也体现了中西方的艺术融合。
1）The Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes, also known as the One-Thousand-Buddha Grottoes, are located on the eastern, rocky side of Mingsha Mountain, near the city of Dunhuang, Gansu Province.They are regarded as the world's largest and oldest treasure house of Buddhist art.Construction of the Mogao Grottoes began in 366 and reached a peak in the Tang Dynasty, but it was not finished until the Yuan Dynasty.Now, there are 492 grottoes and 1,045 murals in existence.It also features 245 painted clay sculptures, and five wooden architectural structures of the Tang and the Song Dynasties.Besides, there are also a lot of items of scriptures, documents and paintings spanning the period from the Three Kingdoms Period to the Northern Song Dynasty.The Mogao Grottoes show examples of various types of art and demonstrate the integration of Chinese and Western arts.2)《清明上河图》(The Qingming Festival by the Riverside)是由北宋画家张择端(1085–1145)创作完成的。它是一副长528厘米，宽24.8厘米的彩色画卷。该画描述了清明节北宋都城汴京(今河南开封)热闹的街景，整幅画可以分成三部分：郊区景、汴河景以及城市街景。汴河景是该画最为壮观的一部分；而作为政治、经济、文化中心的汴京在北宋的重要地位则在城市街景中得以充分体现。画卷对汴京的建筑、商人和交通的描绘形象地勾勒出北宋的经济繁荣景象。《清明上河图》是一幅伟大的稀世罕见的现实主义画卷。
2)The Qingming Festival by the Riverside（or Along the River during the Qingming Festival）is a painting attributed to Song Dynasty artist Zhang Zeduan(1085–1145).It is a long colored painted scroll with a length of 528cm and a height of 24.8cm.It portrayed the busy street scenes of the capital city Bianjing(now Kaifeng, Henan Province)during the Qingming Festival.The painting can be divided into three parts: scenes of the suburbs, of the Bian River, and of the city streets.The scene of the Bian River is the most magnificent part of the painting.As Bianjing was the political, economic and cultural center of the Northern Song Dynasty, its importance in the empire was fully depicted in the painting's city street scene.The depiction of the architecture, merchants and transportation in Bianjing vividly reflects the economic boom of the Northern Song Dynasty.The Qingming Festival by the Riverside is a great and rare realistic painting.
第三篇：大学英语三翻译
这场给人类带来灾难的战争对这样一个诗人产生了什么影响呢？（to impact on）How did the war, which brought terrible disasters to mankind, impact on such a poet? 2 做母亲的有时候不能察觉他们所深爱的孩子们的过错，这样做的结果会使孩子们再次犯错。（to be blind to）
Mothers are sometimes blind to the faults of their beloved children, which will cause the children to make the same mistake again.作为一个在这个完全陌生国度的新移民（immigrant），她总是感觉到孤立无援。（to isolate）As a new immigrant in this completely strange country, she always felt isolated.4 做事不先考虑常会导致失败，因此我们应该三思而后行。（to result in）Acting before thinking often results in failure, so we should think before we leap.奢谈 的时候已经过去了，我们必须积极行动起来保护我们的环境。（to take....action）The time for talking is past;we must take positive action to protect our environment.6 年轻人有时会抱怨无法和父母沟通。（to communicate with）Young people sometimes complain of not being able to communicate with their parents.玛丽从小就盼望着能在中国云南的一个村庄住上几年，现在她终于梦想成真了。（to take up residence）
Mary has been longing to take up residence in a Chinese village in Yunnan for a few years.Now her dream has come true.家养的动物习惯于依赖人，因此很难在野外生存。（to survive）Domestic animals are used to depending on humans, so it is difficult for them to survive in the wild.他突然有种恐惧感，觉得自己会因为经济不景气而被公司裁员。(to overtake)He was suddenly overtaken by a fear that he would be laid off the company because of depression.10我想他很快就会回来，因为他答应和我一起吃晚饭。（to figure）I figure he’ll be back soon since he promised to have dinner with me.11记者敦促发言人就此次军事打击作出解释。（to press for）Reporters pressed the spokesman for an explanation of the military attack.12他的竞选演讲未能使选民相信他就是参议员的合适人选。（to convince）His election campaign failed to convince the voters that he was the right person for the Senator.13尽管我承认有问题存在，但我并不认为这些问题不能解决。（while）While I admit that there are problems, I don’t agree that they cannot be solved.14他在电视上的第一次辩论给听众留下了深刻的印象。（impression）His first speech on TV made a deep impression on his audience.15一切事物都是互相联系又互相作用的。（to interact with）All things are interrelated and interact with each other.16大会报告人原来是我的一位老朋友的女儿。（to turn out）The lecturer at the conference turned out to be the daughter of an old friend of mine.17尽管他已经退休5年了，但他在学术界仍然很活跃。（to remain active in）It has been 5 years since his retirement, but he has remained active in the academic circles.18如果确实在经济上有困难，你可以申请学生贷款。（to apply for）If you do have financial difficulties, you can apply for a student loan.19这位科学家研制这种新材料达10年之久才有了突破。（to make one's own way）
This scientist had worked hard at this new material for as long as ten years before he made his own way in the end.20世界上主要的几家飞机制造公司正竭力制造飞的更快、更远的飞机，一争得更大的市场。（to push the envelope）
The chief airplane manufacturers in the world are pushing the envelope to make faster and longer range airplanes to compete for bigger share of the market.21思想是通过语言来表达的。（by means of）Thoughts are expressed by means of language.22我今年买的新书多的难以数清。（to keep count of）I have bought so many new books this year that it’s really difficult for me to keep count of them.23这位老太太确信，今天他儿子会回家来为他庆祝生日的。（to feel assured）The old lady feels assured that her son will come back home today to celebrate her birthday.24他妈妈坚持说他每月的零用钱不能超过100元。（to exceed）His mother insisted that his pocket money should not exceed 100 yuan per month.25上个月我们买了一辆车，是用我的名字登记的。（to register）We bought a car last month, which was registered under my name.26伟人能以人格的力量来控制困难的局面。（to dominate）A great man can dominate a difficult situation by force of character.27根据最新报道，旅游者去一些东南亚国家旅游无需申请入境签证。（according to）
According to the latest report, tourists do not have to apply for an entry visa to some Southeast Asian countries.28从信封的颜色来看，这封信可能来自一位女性。（to suggest)The color of the envelope suggests that the letter might be from a woman.29虽然火车的速度比不上飞机，但是很多人还是喜欢坐火车。（to rival）Trains can’t rival planes for speed, but many people prefer to travel by train.30一旦人们看到这种管理模式确实有效，就更有可能接受它。（to be likely to do）
People are much more likely to accept this mode of administration once they see that it really works.31这支乐队二十世纪八十年代凭借那张专辑一举成名。（to shoot to fame）The band shot to fame in the 1980s with that single album.32冒一下险吧，你可能还是会输但赢的机会增加了。（to take a risk）Take a risk, and you may lose again, but you would have improved your chances to win.33科学家正极力研究治愈艾滋病的良方。(to push...to the limits)Scientists are pushing themselves to the limits in their research for finding a cure for AIDS.34现在我们知道了网络的意义：鼠标一点就能知道天下大事。(point)
Now we see the point of the Internet: we can get information from all over the world just by clicking the mouse.35一些人认为政府迟早会将克隆人类的研究纳入规范。(to regulate;sooner or later)Some people believe the government will regulate the research of human cloning sooner or later.36乔治对中国文化着了迷，决定去一所夜校学习中文。(to be nuts about)George is nuts about Chinese culture and has decided to learn Chinese in an evening school.37 记者们获悉戴安娜要来本市访问的消息，迅速赶到机场去获取新闻。(to get wind of)The reporters got wind of Diana’s visit to the city and rushed to the airport for the news.38 经过两个月的不懈努力，警方终于在一个南方城市找到了犯罪的踪迹。(to track...down)
After two months of restless effort, the police finally tracked the criminal down in a southern city.39两家公司已经原则上达成协议实施这项计划。(to go ahead with)The two companies have already agreed in principle to go ahead with the project.40如果你们的产品质量没有实质性的提高，我认为你们在市场上不会有什么竞争力。(for real)
If the quality of your products is not improving for real, I don’t think they will be competitive in the market.41知道原理是一回事，但要付诸实践又是另外一回事。(it's one thing...it's another...)It’s one thing to understand the principle, it’s another thing to put it into practice.42据报道，慢跑可将患心脏病的可能性减少三分之二。(less likely)It is reported that jogging makes you three times less likely to suffer from a heart attack.43根据最新调查，半数英国人不清楚欧元与英镑的比值。(to have no idea / in relation to)
Almost half of the British people have no idea what the euro is worth in relation to the pound, according to the latest survey.44这片土地本应建成一个供大家享用的公司，但现在却立起了几栋公寓楼。(should have done)
The area should have been made into a park for everyone to enjoy but now some apartment buildings stand there.45不知道所有这些相关信息能否凑成一幅关于他的清晰图画。(to add up to)I’m wondering whether all the related information could add up to a clear picture of him.46他饮酒过量，对身体不好。(more...than...)He drinks more wine than is good for health.47他知道这时父母亲都在急切地等他回家过年。(to wait for...to)He knew that at this moment his parents were eagerly waiting for him to return home for the New Year.48招我们喜欢的不仅是他的聪明，还有他的幽默。(to appeal to)What appeals to us is not only his intelligence but also his sense of humor.49这位国际知名导演拍摄的最新影片结果是彻底的失败。(to turn out)The latest movie made by that internationally famous director turned out to be a total failure.50有些年轻人似乎对一切事情都缺乏耐心。(to have patience with)It seems that some youngsters don’t have patience with anything.51他悲叹一声，对我们说他年轻时也曾风光一时。（to breathe a sigh of;to have seen a better day）
He breathed/heaved a sigh of sorrow and told us that he had seen a better day when he was young.52他有极强的责任感，这就是为什么他被选中掌管这个项目。(to take control of)He has a strong sense of responsibility, and that’s why he is chosen to take control of the project.53不管你去哪里，不管是出差还是去玩，尽量多了解那个地方总是一个不错的注意。(be it...or...)
Wherever you go, be it for business or pleasure, it is always a good idea to find out as much as you can about the place.54我们的小心一点，同样的情景可能就要出现。(to be about;to repeat)Let’s be careful.The situation may be about to repeat itself.55事实上，室内空气质量与儿童的健康密切相关，当然与成人的健康也有关系。(for that matter)
In fact, the air quality of a house has a great deal to do with children’s health, and adults’ health for that matter.56为什么人们要在旅游上这么多的时间和金钱呢。（why is it that）Why is it that people spend so much time and money on traveling?
57乘飞机旅行既快又安全，难怪是旅行者的首选。（no wonder;a popular choice）Traveling by air is quick and safe.No wonder it is a popular choice for travelers.58我们学校的大部分学生都选了网络设计这门课，计算机中心里白天晚上都挤满了人。（to enroll;to fill with）
Most of the students in my college have enrolled in the course of web page design and the computer center is always filled with people day and night.59我一直梦想着朋友遍天下。多亏了网络，我的梦想终于实现了。（thanks to）
It has always been my dream to have friends all over the world.Thanks to the Internet, my dream has come true.60网上免费的信息，方便的交流，诱人的游戏，对于他这就是互联网的一切。（what...Is all about）
Free information on-line, convenient communication with friends, attractive games, to him this is what Internet is all about.
第四篇：大学英语课后翻译
Unit1
1.这个小男孩最喜欢做的事就是搭积木。What the boy likes to do most is putting together building blocks.2.就先前的工作经验而言，约翰是这个职位的最佳候选人。
In terms of previous working experience, John is the best choice for this position.3.我的物理老师经常使用类比来说明一些较难理解的概念。My physics teacher often uses analogy to explain some difficult concepts.4.在家人和朋友的帮助下，汤姆经营的出版企业逐渐兴旺起来。With the help of his family and friends, Tom build up his publishing business bit by bit.5.琳达没能进入那所著名的大学，但她打算重新开始，而不是逃避挑战。Linda was not able to go to that famous college, but she planned to start all over again rather than give up the challenge.6.这个公司有着很好的公众形象。人们总是将它的产品与高质量和优质服务联系在一起。This company has a very good public image.People always associate its product with high quality and good service.Unit2
1.孩子们很苦恼，因为他们的家长不允许他们在铁路轨道旁玩耍。
The children are pretty annoyed that their parents won't allow them to play around the railway track.2.我打赌我只要速度快一点，肯定会比他们先到目的地。
I bet if I pick up a little speed I will reach the destination sooner than they do.3.这种糟糕的天气让人不想出去，你还不如在家舒展一下筋骨，做做运动。
You do not want to go out in such rotten weather.It is better for you to stay home and stretch your legs and do physical exercise.4.已经十点半了，你不应该还在睡觉！赶快到飞机场去接你表弟。
It is half past ten, and you are not supposed to be sleeping!It is time to head for the airport to pick up your cousin!
5.是谁想让迈克来接管这项工程的？
Who came up with the idea to ask Mike to take over the project?
6.学校对不同种族背景的学生没有区别对待。
The school makes no distinction in treating students from different racial background.Unit 3
1.他是一个合格的机械师，但他后来却搞起了国际贸易。
He is a qualified mechanic, but he winds up with a job in international trade.2.他在业余时间报名参加计算机基础知识的培训，但没能坚持到底。
He enrolled in an elementary computer-training program but failed to get through
3.校长经过面试，选择了几个优秀的大学毕业生从事教学工作。
After the interview, the principal chose several outstanding university graduates to work as teachers.4.这份合同对我们非常重要，所以写得越具体越好。我要和同事们好好谈谈。
This contract is very important to our company.The more concrete it is, the better.I need to talk it over with my colleagues.5.那个小男孩患上了严重的白血病，必须转到大医院进一步治疗。
The boy suffers from severe leukemia and has to be transferred to a big hospital for further treatment.6.当他得知父亲所在的学校倒闭后，泪水从他的脸颊上滚落下来。
When he heard that the school where his father worked had closed down, tears rolled down his cheeks.Unit 5
1.移动通信会取代固定电话成为人们最常用的通讯方法吗？
Will mobile communication edge out fixed lines as the most frequently used means of communication?
2.我指指墙上的钟。女儿心领神会，加快了穿衣服的速度。
I pointed at the clock on the wall.My daughter took the hint and sped up dressing herself.3.在会议期间，请各位关闭手机或将其调整至静音状态。
Please switch off your cell phone or set it in silent mode during the meeting.4.气象学家密切关注台风的发展，以便及时向公众发布警报。
Meteorologists are on the lookout for the progress of the typhoon so as to alert the public in time.5.小张说中国经济稳定增长，前景看好，所以他决定回国就业。
Xiao Zhang cited the steady economic growth in China and its bright future to explain his decision to return to work here.Unit10
1.在孩子个性形成时期，家长要特别关心并注意他们是否有心理问题的迹象。Parents should pay special attention to their children during their formative years and watch for symptoms of psychological problems.2.天才往往对自己喜爱的事物充满着激情。
Geniuses usually have a great passion for things they’re interested in.3.他不知道简就是他的亲生姐姐，只是觉得她的名字听上去有一点点熟悉。
He has no idea that Jane is his biological sister;only her name sounds faintly familiar to him.4.看着稻谷在干燥的阳光下枯死，农民们毫无办法，只有叹息。
Seeing the rice crops dying in the dry sun, the peasants could do nothing but sigh.5.自从杰克的老板拒绝了他请长假的要求，他一直在考虑辞职。
Ever since his boss turned down his request for a long vacation, Jack has been thinking about quitting his job.6.我不喜欢足球，今天也不例外，我不想和你去看球赛。
I don’t care for soccer, and today’s no exception.So I don’t feel like going to watch the game with you.Unit12
1.他被捕后遭到毒打，但却没有向敌人透露任何有用的信息He was brutally beaten after being arrested, but he revealed nothing useful to the enemy.2.他们面试了很多人，最后缍找到了令他们满意的候选人They interviewed a lot of people before finally getting hold of a satisfactory candidate.3.他自愿捐助修建了一所学校以使那些穷孩子能读书He made a voluntary construction to the cost of building a school so that poor children could get an education.4.为了你,我一定会努力训练以争取获得进入决赛的资格For your sake I will train very hard to get the qualification for the finals.5.在那样的情况下他除了勇敢地面对挑战以外没有其他选择Under those circumstances he had no choice but to face up to the challenge bravely.6.如果我们想确保及时到达那里就该早点动身We should start early if we want to make sure of getting there in time.Unit15
1.有一张名牌大学的文凭，即使在公司解雇人的时候他也不担心会丢工作。
With a diploma form a famous university, he felt secure in his job even when the company was laying off people.2.当鲍勃被指控撒谎时，他勃然大怒。
Bob flew into a rage when(he was)accused of lying.3.由于她的愚蠢，我们的项目彻底泡汤了。
Our project was totally ruined because of her stupidity.4.经理深受公司里同事们的尊敬。
The manager was held in high esteem by his colleagues in the company
5.小男孩子跑到他爸爸跟前，兴奋地猛拉他的袖子。
The little boy ran up to his father and tugged his sleeve excitedly.6.很显然，他对他的论文很有信心。
Apparently, he was quite confident about his essay.Unit 16
1.餐厅经理一看到百万富翁来用餐，就顾不得和我们讲话了，满脸放光地迎了上去。
The moment the restaurant manager set his eyes on the millionaire, he cut us short and heated for the latter, his face lighting up.2.欢迎乘坐我们的飞机。商务舱在楼上，经济舱就在这一层。
Welcome aboard our plane.The business class section is upstairs and the economy class is right
on this floor.3.打喷嚏之后要说“对不起”。听到别人打喷嚏要说“保佑你”。
You must say “Excuse me “after sneezing and “Bless you” when someone else has sneezed.4.六号房间号码牌挂倒了，变成了九号，快去把它弄正！
1.The sign for Room “NO.6 ” has been turned upside down into “NO.9 ”, Fix it up immediately.5.大超市一来，许多小商店都应声关了门。
Many small stores have closed with the arrival of supermarkets.
第五篇：大学英语课文翻译
梦今年夏天，超过 65 万的大学生毕业离校，其中有许多人根本不知道怎么找工作。在当今金融危机的背景下，做父母的该如何激励他们？七月，你看着 21 岁英俊的儿子穿上学士袍，戴上四方帽，骄傲地握着优等学士学位证书，拍毕业照。这时，记忆中每年支付几千英镑，好让儿子吃好、能参加奇特聚会的印象开始消退。总算熬到头了。等到暑假快要结束，全国各地的学生正在为新学期做准备的时候，你发现大学毕业的儿子还歪躺在沙发上看电视。他只是偶尔走开去发短信，浏览社交网站 Facebook，去酒吧喝酒。这位前―千禧一代‖的后裔一夜之间变成了哼哼一代的成员。他能找到工作吗？这就是成千上万家庭所面临的景象：今年夏天，超过 65 万大学生毕业，在当今金融危机的背景下他们中的大多数人不知道自己下一步该做什么。父母只会唠叨，而儿女们则毫无缘由地变成了叛逆者，他们知道自己该找份工作，但却不知道如何去找。来自米德尔塞克斯郡的杰克古德温今年夏天从诺丁汉大学政治学系毕业，获得二级一等荣誉学士学位。他走进大学就业服务中心，又径直走了出来，因为他看见很多人在那里排长队。跟他一起住的另外 5 个男孩也都跟他一样，进去又出来了。找工作的压力不大，虽然他所认识的大多数女生都有更清晰的计划。他说：―我申请政治学研究工作，但被拒了。他们给的年薪是 1 万 8 千镑，交完房租后所剩无几，也就够买一罐煮豆子，可他们还要有研究经历或硕士学位的人。然后我又申请了公务员速升计划，并通过了笔试。但在面试时，他们说我‗太冷漠‘了，谈吐‗太像专家治国国论者‘。我觉得自己不可能那样，但我显然就是那样的。‖打那以后他整个夏天都在―躲‖。他能够轻松复述《交通警察》中的若干片段，他白天看电视的时间太多，已经到了影响健康的地步。跟朋友谈自己漫无目标的日子时，他才发现他们的处境和自己的并没有两样。其中一位朋友在父母的逼迫下去超市摆货，其余的都是白天 9 点到 5 点―无所事事‖，晚上去酒吧喝酒打发时间。要么，干脆就在酒吧工作？这样还可以挣些酒钱。―我不想在酒吧工作，我上的是综合性中学，我拼命读书才考上了一所好大学。到了大学，我又埋头苦读，才得到一个好学位。可现在我却跟那些没上过大学的朋友处在同一个水平线上，他们整天给客人倒酒，干无聊的活。我觉得自己好像兜了一圈，又回到了原来的起点。他的母亲杰奎琳古德温为他辩护。她坚持认为她的儿子已经尽力了，她自己中学毕业后一直都在工作，可是她和她的丈夫发现，建议儿子如何继续找工作是件很棘手的事情。她说，―我一直都必须工作。现在找工作很难，因为如果你有了学位，学位就会为你提供新的机会，至少你自己会这么想。‖虽然现在她对儿子的态度还比较温和，但是她心里很清楚，去南美度三星期的假之后，他的休假就结束了。他可能还得付房租，分担家庭开支。她说，―在某个时候他们总该长大成人，我们已经帮了他们交了大学的学费，所以他们也该给我们一点点回报了。南美度假就是一个分水岭，他回来以后如果找不到工作，那就打圣诞节零工好了。‖心理治疗师盖尔林登费尔德是《情感康复策略》的作者。她说古德温家长的说法是很恰当的，从上大学到工作的转换对孩子和父母来说都很艰难，关键是他们要在支持理解孩子和不溺爱孩子之间取得平衡。―父母的主要任务就是支持他们，如果他们教导孩子该如何做就会引起矛盾，‖她说。―如果有熟人，一定要找他们想办法。但很多父母心太软了。必须限制孩子的零花钱，要求他们交房租，或分担日常生活或养宠物的花销。父母要过正常的生活，不要让孩子随便用你们的银行卡或者榨干你们的情感能量。‖为他们支付职业咨询费、面试交通费及书费是好事，但不能催得太紧。林登费尔德建议：虽说父母不能太宽容，但是如果孩子找工作遇到了挫折，父母应该体谅他们，宽容他们几天甚至几周——这要看他们受打击的程度来决定。等他们缓过来之后，父母就该坚决要求孩子继续求职。男孩更容易困在家里。林登费尔德相信男人比母亲和姐妹更容易帮助他们的儿子、侄子、或朋友的儿子。她说，由于男人和女人处理挫折的方式不同，孩子们需要跟男人谈话，才能度过难关。她强烈支持他们去酒吧工作：那是克服毕业冷漠症的一剂良方。这工作好不好要取决于你如何看待它。就是在酒吧打工的时候，林登费尔德找到了她的第一份工作，当航拍助手。她说在酒吧工作是拓展人际关系的绝好机会，肯定比赖在家里看电视更容易
找到工作。她说：―给超市上货也一样。如果干得好，你就会被人发现的。如果你聪明、活泼，对顾客彬彬有礼，你很快就会升职。所以，把它看作是机会，那些最终能成功的人士都有在超市上货的经历。‖你的儿子或女儿可能不会干好莱坞影星们干过的活，比如像乌比戈德堡那样去停尸房给死人化妆，或者像布鲁斯威利斯那样在核电站当警卫，但即便是布拉德皮特也曾经不得不穿上宽大的鸡套装站在墨西哥快餐连锁店 El Pollo Loco 的门口招揽生意。他们中没有一个人因为这些经历而变得越来越穷。Unit 2危险！书可能会改变你的人生刘易斯卡罗尔书中的爱丽丝不小心掉到兔子洞里，在那里发现了一个神奇的仙境。当我们打开一本书时，我们也会像爱丽丝那样走进一个全新的世界。我们能从一个年长人的角度，或通过一个孩子的眼睛来观察生活；我们可以周游世界，遍访现实生活中从没想过要访问的国家和文化；我们可以体验未曾经历过的事情，这些事情有时令人不安，也许引人入胜；可能是不愉快的也可能是令人痛苦的，但无论如何都至少能把我们从现实世界中解放出来。英国诗人威廉考珀（1731–1800）说，―变化是生活的调味品，它让生活变得有滋有味。‖虽然他没有说在什么地方以及怎样才能找到变化，但我们知道他说得对。我们知道我们生活在一个充满变化与差异的世界里，我们知道人们的生活方式各不相同，人们过日子的方式不同，做不同工作，有不同信仰，持不同观点，有不同的风俗习惯，操不同语言。通常，我们不知道这些差异的大小，但一旦发生了不平常的事情并引起了我们的注意，这种变化或差异与其说是机会，毋宁说是威胁。读书让我们能够安全地享受和庆贺这种变化与差异，为我们提供成长的机会。在家里安详平和的环境中与他人的生活互动，这是阅读小说才享有的特权。我们甚至感觉到——哪怕只是在那一瞬间——我们和异文化读者的共同点要多于我们和家门口随便碰到的一个人的共同点。我们学会把目光移出我们周围的环境，投向天边，去领略一下异域山水。如果我们怀疑读书是否能给我们力量的话，我们就应该麻烦自己去一趟当地的图书馆或书店，或者，如果我们足够幸运的话，从家里的书架上取一本书来读一读。我们会惊奇于古今小说的标题所创造出来的壮观景象：约翰斯坦贝克的《愤怒的葡萄》、约翰欧文的《第四只手》、亚历山大索尔仁尼琴的《癌症病房》、厄内斯特海明威的《丧钟为谁而鸣》、格雷厄姆格林的《哈瓦那特派员》、奥黛丽尼芬格的《时间旅行者的妻子》、保罗托迪的《到也门钓鲑鱼》。一旦开始阅读，我们就必须思考我们在书中读到的别样人生。每一本书都有自己的语言、方言、词汇和语法。我们不见得总能理解其中的每一个字、句，但不管我们是痴迷其中，还是觉得被排除在外，我们的情感被调动起来了。尽管在地理上有一定的距离，但其他民族、其他文化未必就离我们那么遥远。在书里我们可能遇见生活在不同气候、有不同信仰、来自不同民族的人。即便是住在同一条街上的邻居，我们都有可能只在书上相识。小时候，在我们刚刚能听讲的时候，书对我们的生活方式就产生了很大的影响。从父母给孩子读的睡前故事一直到成年后家中摆满书柜的客厅，书界定了我们的人生。英国作家 E.M.福斯特（1879–1970）暗示书对我们具有另一种更加神秘的支配力。他写道：―我认为能影响我们的书籍是那些我们已经准备要读的书，它们只是在我们已经选定的道路上走得比我们更远一些而已。‖ 合适的书好像自己就会在恰当的时候找到我们，出现在我们面前，而不是我们去寻找那本书。美国修士、牧师及作家托马斯默顿（1915–1968）曾经被记者一连串地问了 7 个问题：说出你最近读完的 3 本书；你正在读的 3 本书；你打算要读的书；对你有影响的书，并解释为什么；一本每人都要读的书，并解释为什么。关于对他有影响的书，他列出了《威廉布莱克诗集》、古希腊思想家和作家写的各种戏剧以及一些宗教作品。当被问及这些书为何会影响他时，他回答说：―这些书——还有其他类似的书籍——帮助我找到了人生的真谛，它们把我从生活的困惑和空虚中解脱出来。销售就是一切的文化培育了人的需求和被动，而那种生活就深陷其中。‖那么，你又会如何回答这些问题呢？1947 年，克里夫顿费迪曼发明了―全垒打书籍‖这个词。当一个棒球手打出一个全垒打时，因为击球有力、打得远，他有时间跑完整个棒球场内的四个垒，不仅自己得分，而且帮其他各个垒的跑垒者得分，这是棒球赛里最有趣和最开心的事情。同样，一本―全垒打书籍‖指的不是儿童的第一次读书的经历，而是指他们第一次读到一本能给他们带来极大的愉悦和满足感的书、痴迷到手不释卷的经历。对世界上数以亿计的儿童来说，―全垒打书籍‖的最典型的例子就是《哈利波特》系列小说。作为成年人，我们总在寻找自己的―全垒打书籍‖，不是第一次，而是一次又一次地寻找。所有一口气读完一本小说的人都会记得那种令人期待的愉悦和满足感，并会焦急、固执、有时甚至疯狂地寻求重复体验这种感觉。我们想周游另一世界、会见不同国家不同民族的人、经历别样人生并自我反省，我们无法遏制这样的渴求。危险！书可能会改变你的人生。这就是读书的力量。Unit 4信用卡陷阱有一件事我得坦白。几年前，我排队为家人取戏票时，我的朋友也在为她的家人取票。我拿到了戏票，用信用卡付了帐，对这种非现金交易的便利感到很满意。然后就轮到她付款了，整个交易进行得和我的一样顺利，但我的高兴劲儿很快就变成了莫大的羞耻：我的信用卡太寒酸了，是不显示身份地位的黑蓝色，而她的信用卡则是高级的金卡。她是怎样弄到金卡的？怎么会这样呢？我知道我挣的比她多，我的车比她的车新，我的家比她的家漂亮，她怎
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