高中英语必修3Unit4知识点教案[小编推荐]

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第一篇:高中英语必修3Unit4知识点教案[小编推荐]

新课标人教版高中英语必修三知识点教案

Unit 4 Astronomy: the science of the stars

1.In our solar system eight planets circle around the sun.在我们的太阳系里八个行星绕太阳运转。The birds were circling around over the lake.鸟儿在湖面上空绕圈子。

The teachers are used to circling the pupils' spelling mistakes in red ink.教师习惯于用红笔圈出学生的拼写错误。

They sat in a circle round the fire.他们围着火坐成一圈。

In political circles there is talk of war.在政治圈里,有人谈论到(会发生)战争

2.The origin of life on earth is a question that interests astronomers.地球上生命的起源是个使天文学家感兴趣的问题。

the origins of civilization 文明的起源

He is a German by origin.他原籍德国。

This new theory will certainly interest you.这新理论肯定会引起你的兴趣。

I find no interest in such things.我对这些不感兴趣。

His two great interests in life are music and painting.他一生中的两大爱好是音乐和绘画。

The interests of the individual must be subordinated to the interests of the collective.个人利益必须服从集体利益。

3.However,according to a widely accepted theory, the universe began with a “Big Bang” that threw matter in all directions.但是,一种普遍为人们所接受的理论是:宇宙起源于一次大爆炸,这次大爆炸将物质投射到四面八方。widely accepted 被广泛地接受、认可begin with 始于to begin with 起初

Knowledge begins with practice.认识从实践开始。

To begin with, I couldn’t understand every word.起初,我一句也没弄明白。

In which direction are you going, north or south? 你准备往哪个方向走?向北还是向南?

What direction does this exhibition hall face? 展览馆朝什么方向?

in all directions 四面八方;各方面 in every direction向各方面, 向四面八方in the direction of 朝...方向

4.a cloud of dust 一团尘埃 a cloud of …一大群,一大片

My mother drew my uncle's attention to a cloud of unusual size and shape.我的妈妈让我的叔叔注意一团形状大小很不规则的云彩。

5.What it was to become was uncertain, …它会变成什么没有人知道,……

What it was to become 是一个主语从句,在整个句子中做主语;

be to do这一结构在本句中表示“即将”。be to do的其他用法:

1)表示命令、义务、职责等,可译作“应该、必须”。长辈要求晚辈做某事常用这一句型。

2)表示将来要做的事,或按计划、约定要做的事,这一用法主要用于正规文件中,可译作“打算、将要”。

3)表示不可避免将要发生的事,或命中注定的事。

I am uncertain what to do.我确定不了做什么。

6.The earth became so violent that it was not clear whether the shape would last or not.地球开始变得激烈动荡,不知道这个固体形状是否会继续存在下去。

a violent wind 暴风a violent death 横死;暴死a violent dislike 极端的厌恶

The hot weather lasted until the end of September.炎热的天气一直持续到九月底。

This food will last them 5 days.这些食物足够他们吃五天。

This cloth lasts well.这种布很耐穿。

7.It exploded loudly with fire and rock.They were in time to produce the water vapor, carbon dioxide, oxygen, nitrogen and other gases,...它(地球)巨大的爆炸喷出了烈火与岩石,最终产生了水蒸气、二氧化碳、氧、氮和其他多种气体,……

explode with anger勃然大怒, 大发脾气explode with laugher哄堂大笑

The bomb exploded.炸弹爆炸了。

I threw the vase on the floor and it exploded into tiny pieces.我把花瓶扔到了地板上,花瓶砰地一声摔个粉碎 The children exploded three firecrackers.孩子们燃放了三个爆竹

in time来得及;总有一天,迟早

I was just in time for the flight.我刚好来得及赶上那班飞机。

I will see him in time.总有一天我会遇见他。

in no time立即,立刻 at any time 在任何时候at one time曾经,一度

at times 有时,偶尔on time按时,准时of the time现在的,当时的

I jump into the river in no time.我立即跳入河中。

You may use my watch at any time.你可以随时用我的手表。

At one time there were not so many cars on the streets.从前街上没有这么多车子。

At times I go to the playground to play football.我有时到操场踢足球。

The guest reached the hall on time.客人准时到达大厅。

I think he is the greatest musician of the time.我想他是当代最伟大的音乐家。

用time介词短语填空

(1)—Why are you in a hurry to leave here?

—Get home ________ to bathe the children.

(2)These buses are never ________ and the passengers are always complaining.

(3)I am away, please call me ________ if someone come to see me.

(4)You can’t imagine this lake used to be a beautiful place in our province ________.

(5)He rushed out of the kitchen ________ when he heard the shout.

(6)______ I sit silently and wonder if this kind of job is worth all the effort.

8.cool down 冷却,平静下来

A heated argument can be settled better if both sides cool down first.如果双方都先冷静下来,激烈的争执可以处理得好一些。

9.It was not immediately obvious that water was to be fundamental to the development of life.水会对于生命的发展起关键作用,这一点在当时并不明显。

It is obvious that she is very clever.很明显,她挺聪明。

There are fundamental differences between your religious beliefs and mine.你我的宗教信仰根本不同.The fundamental cause of his success is hard work他成功的重要原因是努力工作。

Fresh air is fundamental to good health.空气新鲜是身体健康之必需。

A fundamental of good behavior is consideration for others.良好行为的一个根本是体谅他人。

10.… the continued presence of water allowed the earth to dissolve harmful gases and acids into the oceans and seas.水的持续存在使得地球把有害气体和酸性物质溶解在海洋里。

Your presence is a gift to the world.你的存在是献给世界的一份厚礼。

She was so quiet that her presence was hardly noticed.她一声不响,几乎没有人留意到她在场。

Your presence at the meeting is requested.敬请光临。

allow sb.sth.同意给某人某物;allow sb.to do sth.允许某人做某事;allow doing sth.允许做某事,与permit在很多情况下可以通用。其他动词advise,forbid 也有类似用法。

The reading room doesn’t allow smoking.阅览室不准吸烟。

People are not allowed to spit in public.不许当众吐痰。

permit, allow的不同用法:

(1)allow可以和副词连用,permit则不能。如:Mary wouldn’t allow me in.玛丽不让我进去。

(2)表示客气的请求时,主语是you应当用permit,以表示下级对上级,幼辈对长辈,低层对高层人尊敬的请求。若主语用I,则应当用allow的被动形式。如:

May I be allowed to use this knife? =Will you permit me to use this knife?我可以用你的刀子吗?

用allow短语的适当形式完成句子

(1)The girl’s parents are very strict and they don’t _____________________________________ beyond midnight.女孩的父母相当严厉,他们不允许她待在外面超过12点。

(2)We don’t 我们不准有人在学校的会议室里吵闹。

我答应给小男孩自行车作为生日礼物。

11.This produced a chain reaction, which made it possible for life to develop.这就产生了一系列的反应,使得生命就有可能开始发展了。

12.They multiplied and filled the oceans and seas with oxygen, which encouraged the later development of early shellfish and all sorts of fish.

它们繁殖起来并使得海洋充满了氧气,这促进了早期贝壳类动物和各种鱼类以后生的长发育。 He filled the bucket with water.他把水桶装满水。

There have been many new developments in gene.基因方面已经有几项新的发展。

Father watched the development of his baby with interest.爸爸充满兴趣地看着孩子的成长。

with the development of society 随着社会的发展political development政治动态

housing development住宅区

词形填空

(1)As the new country ______(develop),more and more people live a happy and easy life.

(2)America is a ______(develop)country, the average income is very large.

(3)In Africa, some countries are ___(develop)countries.They are badly need other countries aid.(4)With the ______(develop)of economy, our society still needs the rapid development of civilization.13.…were able to live on land as well as in the water.…… 既能在陆地上生存也能在水里生存。

He grows flowers as well as vegetables.他既种菜也种花.I'm learning French as well as English.我学英语之外还学法语。

Rose is as well as her brother.罗斯和她哥哥身体一样棒。

14.They produced young generally by laying eggs.它们一般是通过孵蛋而繁衍后代的。

Animals protect their young.动物保护它们的幼崽。

15.…existed on the earth for more than 140 million years.……在地球上生存了一亿四千多万年。

exist v.存在;there exist表示“存在/有”,此时exist不用进行时。

Several people believe the Devil exists in the world.少数人认为世界上存在恶魔。

There exists warm-hearted person everywhere.好人到处都有。

Conference like the Earth Summit help people understand that there exist serious problems and that there is still time to take action.

像地球峰会一样的会议有助于人们明白现存在的严重问题,也明白还有时间来采取行动的。

there exist表示“存在/有”,是 “there be”句型的延伸,类似的还有there stand, there lie, there live, there occur。词形填空

(1)It is surprising that a kind of animal _______(exist)in the dry desert.

(2)There ______(exist)a good way to solve many difficult physics problems.

16.give birth to 引起,产生,造成,生

His wife give birth to a son for him.他老婆给他生了一个儿子.It is very important that you should l earn to release the stress.Otherwise, it will give birth to a serious psychological question.最重要的是要学会释放压力.否则,就会产生严重的心理问题.17.…some small clever animals, now with hands and feet, appeared and spread all over the earth.

一些小巧聪明,长着手脚的动物出现了,它们散布在地球各个地方。

spread(spread, spread)vt.使伸展,延伸vi.(消息等)传开,流行

Mum spread a new cloth bought in the supermarket on the table when we had dinner.

我们吃饭时妈妈在桌子上铺上一条从超市买来的新桌布。

He spread out his arms to welcome us warmly.他张开双臂热情地欢迎我们。

The exciting news spread through the school quickly.这激动人心的消息很快传遍了学校。

spread out 传开spread rumors 散布谣言spread like wildfire 像野火一般传开

spread oneself 舒展身体spread the table 铺桌子spread the load 分摊(工作量)

18.Thus they have, in their turn, became the most important animals on the planet.于是,他们接着成为了这个行星上最重要的动物。

There has been no rain — thus, the crops are drying.天没下雨,因此庄稼要枯死了。

She studied hard;thus she got high marks.她用功读书, 因此获得高分。

19.They are putting too much carbon dioxide into the atmosphere, which prevents heat from escaping from the earth into space.他们把过多的二氧化碳释放到大气层中,这使得地球上的热不能释放到太空中去。The atmosphere here is very clear.这里的空气很纯净。

There is an atmosphere of peace and calm in the country, quite different from the atmosphere of a big city.在乡间有一种和平宁静的气氛,和大城市的气氛截然不同。

prevent sb./sth.(from)doing sth.阻止某人或者某事做某事

His words can’t prevent us from buying books.他的话不会阻止我们买书。

The heavy rain prevented us going on,but we didn’t lose heart.大雨阻止我们前进,但是我们不灰心丧气。 另外,与这种结构相似的有stop sb./sth.(from)doing sth.(from可以省略)和keep sb./sth.from doing sth.(from不可以省略)。

Lynn’s parents tried to stop her seeing him.林恩的父母企图阻止她和他见面。

You won’t keep the things from happening.你不能阻止事情发生。

完成句子 

什么也不能阻止他鸣不平。

(2)Please have an apple__________________________________until dinner time.(keep)

吃个苹果就能挨到吃晚饭了。

单选

(3)The heavy rain _____ us visiting the attractive lake, but we didn’t _____.

A.prevented;lose the heart B.prevented;lose heart C.kept;lose the heart D.kept;lose the heart

20.As a result of this, many scientists believe the earth may become too hot to live on.因此,很多科学家们相信地球可能会变得太热而不能在上面生存。

As a result of the rain, I was late.雨太大,所以我来晚了。

21.So whether life will continue on the earth for millions of years to come will depend on whether this problem can be solved.所以在未来的数百万年中,生命能否在地球上延续取决于这个问题能否得到解决。 depend on/upon意思为“依靠,依赖”,常用结构是 depend on sb./ sth.,depend on sb.to do sth.。The country depends heavily on its tourist trade.这个国家主要依靠旅游业。

The poor man depends his son to earn money.这个穷人依靠他的儿子去赚钱。

要特别注意depend on it常用于句首或句末,意思为“请放心,没问题”;It all depends和That depends意思为“看情况而定”,二者都用于口语中。例如:

Depend on it, he’ll turn up.请放心,他一定会来的。

It depends how you tackle the problem.那取决于你如何解决这个问题。

用depend短语的适当形式完成句子

(1)—Is your father coming tomorrow?

— _______ _______(那要看情况).He may not have the time.

(2)—We don’t know if we can offer help.

—_______ _______ _______(一切看情况而定).(3)—What is your attitude?

—_______ _______ _______(请放心).We won’t give up.

22.There used to be nine planets in the solar system.在太阳系了原来有九颗行星。

注意there be的变形:there seems to be, there must be, there can be, there is going to be, there has/have been 等。

23.At the beginning, the earth had no water.起初,地球上没有水。

A good beginning makes a good ending.[谚]欲善其终必先善其始。

at the beginning从一开始;开始;起初;首先at the beginning of在...初

from beginning to end从头到尾, 自始自终

Everything must have a beginning.[谚]凡事都有个开头。

24.The evidence for this theory is that the atoms that make up the rocks on the moon seem to be different from those on the earth.这个理论的根据是组成月球上岩石的分子似乎与地球的不同。

Farm workers make up only a small section of the population.农民只占人口的一小部分.Every one can be different from another.Why must we all be the same?

每个人都可以和别人不一样。为什么非要人人都一样?

25.Although its origin may still be a puzzle, the moon can never be anything more than a satellite of the earth.虽然它的起源仍然是个谜,但是月球就是地球的一个卫星。

It's a puzzle where all my money goes each week.我每星期的钱都到哪儿去了是一个难解的问题。This letter puzzles me.这封信使我迷惑不解。

I'm puzzled about what to do next.下一步该怎么办,我心里还没数哩。

26.find ways to solve the problem of global warming.找到解决全球变暖这个难题的方法

27.die out灭绝, 逐渐消失, 渐渐止息

Some animals will die out if we don't protect them.好多动物会灭绝假如我们再不去保护他们。

28.As a result of this event, a great dust cloud formed in the sky blocking out the sunlight.由于这件事,在天空中形成一大团尘埃遮住了阳光。

That wall blocks out all the light.那堵墙把光线都遮住了。

29.However, whether the climate will change again is a concern for everybody on earth.但是,气候是否会再变是世上每个人关切的事。

She showed great concern about you.她很为你担心。

have a concern in和...有利害关系have no concern for毫不关心

30.…a comet crashed into the earth long ago… ……很久以前,一颗彗星撞击了地球,……

She noticed a car crash into a big tree nearby.她注意到一辆小汽车撞到了附件的一棵大树上。

31.…I was lucky enough to have a chance to make a trip into space………有幸得到一个机会去太空旅行…… They know well enough what we mean.他们当然懂得我们的意思。

32.…explained to me that the force of gravity would change three times on our journey and that the first change would be the most powerful.…向我解释说,在我们的航行中会有三次引力的改变,而第一次的改变将是最强的。

Please explain to me where to begin and how to do it.请向我说明从哪里开始以及怎样做。

He explained how the machine was used.他解释了怎样使用那台机器。

33.As the rocket rose into the air, we were pushed back into our seats because we were trying to escape the pull of the earth’s gravity.随着火箭徐徐升空,因为我们要尽力逃离地球的吸引力,所以我们被向后推在座位上。escape danger脱险escape one's memory被某人遗忘

His name escapes me.(=His name escapes my memory.)我记不得他的名字了。

He narrowly escaped death.他九死一生。

The hotel guests tried their best to escape from the burning building.旅客们尽力从燃烧的大楼中逃出来。

34.On the earth if I fall from the tree I will fall to the ground.在地球上如果我们从树上掉下来,总会朝地上落下去的。

35.When we get closer to the moon, we shall feel its gravity pulling us, but it will not be as strong a pull as the earth’s.当我们更接近月球时,就会感到月球的引力在拉我们,但是月球的引力不像地球的引力那么大。

36.I cheered up immediately and floated weightlessly around in our spaceship cabin watching the earth become smaller and the moon larger.我离开高兴起来,由于失重我在太空舱里飘来飘去,望着地球越来越小,月亮越来越大。

37.But when I tried to step forward, I found I was carried twice as far as on the earth and fell over.但是当我努力向前迈步的时候,我发觉我被送出去很远,步子的跨度竟是地球上的两倍。

英语倍数表达法:

1.用times表示倍数(一般限于包括基数在内三倍或三倍以上的数。表示两倍的数,一般用twice) 其句型有:

1)...times+形容词(副词)比较级+than...。如:

This hall is five times bigger than our classroom.这个大厅比我们的教室大五倍。(是我们教室的六倍大)

2)...times +as+形容词(或much)或副词原级+as...。如:

The big box is four times as heavy as the small one.大箱子是小箱子的四倍重。

3)...times +the+名词(size, height, weight, length, width)+of。如:

This big tree is four times the height of that small one.这棵大树的高度是那棵小树的四倍。(比那棵小树高三倍)

4)...times+more+名词(可数,不可数)+than...。如:

There are four times more books in our library than in yours.

我们图书馆藏书(数量)是你们图书馆的四倍。(多三倍)

5)...times +as many(或much)+名词+其他。如:

There are three times as many apples in this basket as in that one.这个篮里的苹果是那个篮里的三倍。 There are five times as many students as we expected.这里的学生是我们预计的五倍。

6)...times +over+被比对象,表示“增加……倍”。如:

The grain output in that village was twice over that of 1978.那个村的粮食产量比1978年的增加了两倍。

7)...times +that of+被比较的对象表示“是……倍”。如:

In this workshop, the output of July was 3.5 times that of January.这个车间7月份的产量是1月份的3.5倍。

2.用double表示倍数。

1)double作形容词,表示“两倍的”。如:

The production is now double what it was ten years ago.现在的产量是十年前的两倍。

2)double作动词,意为“是……的两倍”。如:

The output has been doubled in the past five years.过去五年中产量翻了一番。

38.Walking does need a bit of practice now that gravity has changed.既然重力改变了走路确实需要练一练了。

39.After a while I got the hang of it and we began to enjoy ourselves.过了一会儿,我才掌握了走路的诀窍,这才开始感到自入了。

40.We watched, amazed as fire broke out on the outside of the spaceship as the earth’s gravity increased.我们惊奇地看着,随着地球引力的增加,宇宙飞船的外层燃烧起火。

break out可指大火、战争等突然爆发。

World War Ⅱ broke out in 1939.第二次世界大战是1939年爆发的。

break out还可指突然发出某种声音。

She broke out in curses in her dream.她在梦中大声咒骂起来。

41.There is very little gravity so that things float around.引力很小以致于东西飘来飘去。

42.watch out for… 戒备,提放,密切注意

43.Astronomy is a scientific subject made up of mathematics and physics.天文学是数学和物理构成的科学科目。

44.You can use the scientific method when studying English too.学习英语的时候你也可以运用科学方法。

第二篇:人教版高中英语必修3Unit1知识点教案

新课标人教版高中英语必修三知识点教案

Unit1 Festivals around the world

1.Festivals are meant to celebrate important times of year.节日是用来庆祝一年的重要时光的。

I believe he is meant to be a soldier.我相信他天生是要当军人的。2.Discuss when they take place and what people do at that time.take place发生,举行take the place of代替,替代 3.the beauty of the full moon 满月的美

4.watch the full moon with family and friends和家人、朋友一起看满月

5.Some festivals are held to honor the dead or to satisfy the ancestors, who might return either to help or to do harm.有些节日,是为了纪念死者,或使祖先得到满足,因为祖先们有可能回到世上给人们提供帮助,也有可能带来危害。to return to London 回到伦敦

Return the book to the library.把书归还给图书馆。

On my return from work, I saw the door was open.我下班回家时,看见门开着。

6.…go to clean graves and light incense in memory of their ancestors…….去上坟、扫墓、烧香,以缅怀祖先。This museum was built in memory of the great writer-Lu Xun.博物馆是纪念伟大作家鲁迅而建造的。

7.On this important feast day, people eat food in the shape of skulls and cakes with “bones” on them.在这个重要的节日里,人们会吃颅骨形状的食品和装点有骨头的蛋糕。

8.dress up 乔装打扮He is dressed very well.他穿得很漂亮。

be dressed in white 穿着白衣服a well [finely] dressed lady 衣着漂亮[讲究]的妇女

Dress yourself quickly.你快点穿衣服。care much about dress讲究衣着a summer dress夏装 9.play a trick on sb作弄某人

The children played a trick on their teacher.孩子们捉弄了他们的老师。He tricked me into giving him the money.他哄骗我给了他钱。

10.People are grateful because their food is gathered for the winter and the agriculture work is over.人们心怀感激因为越冬的粮食收集起来了,农活结束了。

I am grateful to you for helping me.感谢你的帮助。Our grateful thanks are due to you.我们衷心感谢你。

11.Some people might win awards for their farm produce, …有些人还可能因为他们的农产品而获奖…… The school awarded Merry a prize(for her good work).学校(因为她工作好而)奖励了梅丽。awarded prizes to the winners.给优胜者授予奖品

He was awarded the gold medal for being the fastest runner.他跑得最快,因而获得了金牌。12.admire the moon and enjoy moonquakes赏月、品尝月饼

We all admired her for the way she saved the children from the fire.她把孩子们从大火中救出来,我们都钦佩不已。We all admired at his sudden success.他的突然成功使我们感到惊讶。

13.The most energetic and important festivals are the ones that look forward to the end of winter and to the coming of spring.最富有生气而又最重要的节日,就是告别冬天、迎来春天的日子。

The more the young students worked, the more energetic they became.这些年青学生们越干越有劲。14.give children lucky money in red paper 给红纸包着的压岁钱 15.a little later 晚一点儿 Later But some time later it began to rain.但过了些时候开始下雨了。no later than 不迟于 sooner or later 迟早later on 后来,以后

I'll tell you all about it later on.晚些时候我再把有关这一切告诉你。Latter Of the two the latter is far better than the former.两者中后者比前者好得多。

1/ 3 Latest the latest news最近的消息the latest fashion最新式样 Least He was the one who did the least of the work and got the most of the money.他就是那个做活最少而拿钱最多的人。at least起码

He's going away for at least a week.他起码一星期出去一次。at the least至少,最少not in the least 一点也不

16.People love to get together to eat, drink and have fun with each other.人们喜欢聚在一起吃、喝、玩耍。

17.Festivals let us enjoy life, be proud of our customs and forget our work for a little while.节日让我们享受生活,让我们为自己的习俗而自豪,还可以暂时忘掉工作。

18.Today, of course, many people celebrate Christmas as though it were just a holiday to have fun with family, rather than a holiday about a belief.当然,人们今天庆祝圣诞节好像是一家人欢聚的节日,而不是一个信仰的节日。These shoes are comfortable rather than pretty.这双鞋不好看,但是舒服。

American young people would rather get advice from strangers.美国的年轻人宁可从陌生人那里获取咨询。We would rather receive money than the usual gifts.我们宁可接受钱而不希望受到通常的礼物。I'd rather go to the movies.我宁愿去看电影

I would rather you come tomorrow.我宁愿你明天来。He's my friend, or rather he was my friend.他是我的朋友,不过更确切地说,他曾经是我的朋友

19.Could you show me the way to BeihaiPark? 你能告诉我去北海公园的路么? 20.When you eat fish you must be careful with bones.吃鱼的时候要当心鱼刺。Be careful not to fall off the ladder.当心别从梯子上掉下来。You must be careful crossing the road.你过马路一定要当心。

21.You want to invite your friend to come to a party.你想邀朋友去参加一个晚会。She invited us to her party.她邀请我们参加她的聚会。Questions are invited.欢迎提问。

22.asksb for permission to do sth.要某人同意做某事 ask for permission请求许可

without permission未经许可, 擅自

You have my permission to leave.你可以走了。23.make a phone call 打电话

24.Hold /Hang on, please.请别挂断。

25.Don’t mention it.不用客气,不用谢,没关系,不用介意 26.It is a pleasure.很荣幸。27.turn up 到场,出现

28.She could be with her friends right now laughing at him.也许她这会跟朋友在一起,正在取笑他呢。29.…he thought she would keep her word.他认为她会守信用的。Can I have a word with you? 我能和你说几句话吗? In a word, the situation is serious.总而言之,形势很严峻

No word has come from the battle front.前线还没有消息传来。I give you my word that I will return.我向你保证我会回来的。The boy kept his word.那孩子信守诺言。

eat one's words承认说错了话have words吵嘴;争论

in other words 换句话说word for word 逐词地;原原本本地

Tell me what she said, word for word.把她说的一五一十地告诉我。

30.He had looked forward to meeting her all day…他一整天都期盼着见到她……

31.…he wasn’t going to hold his breath for her to apologize.He would drown his sadness in coffee.他不想屏息等她来道2/ 3 歉,他要用咖啡来解愁。

catch one's breath屏息;歇一口气 hold one's breath屏息

take one's breath away 目瞪口呆;大为惊讶 be short of breath上气不接下气

He drew in a breath of fresh country air.他吸一口农村新鲜空气。There is not a breath of wind.一点风也没有。

I apologized to her for stepping on her foot.我因踩了她的脚而向她道歉。drown one's cares in wine 以酒解忧

be [get] drowned淹死, 溺死drown oneself投水(自杀)He drowned himself in work.他埋头工作。32.It was obvious that …很明显……

It is obvious that she is very clever.很明显,她挺聪明。33.fall in love 坠入爱河,爱上,喜欢

34.get married 结婚be married to …嫁给…

35.Magpies make a bridge of their wings …喜鹊展翅搭桥

He made a model plane out of wood.他用木头做了一架模型飞机。36.set off for home 动身往家走

37.I don’t want them remind me of her.我不想因他们想起她来。Remind me to write to Mother.提醒我给妈妈写信。

38.As he sadly passed the tea shop on the corner on his way home, he heard a voice calling him.在回家路上,他神情失落地走过拐角处的一家茶馆,听到有人叫他的名字。

39.There was Hujin waving at him and calling, “…I’ve been waiting for you for a long time.”那是胡瑾在向他招手,她喊到“……我一直在这儿等你好久了。”

40.Think of an ending to the story that will solve the problem.考虑一个解决这个问题的故事的结尾。

3/ 3

第三篇:高中英语必修五知识点总结

1.scientist science scientific 2.know about 了解

know of 听说过

3.find/ find out/ discover/ invent 4.explain sth.to sb 5.be characteristic of sb/ sth 6.pass sth from„

从„处传来, 传下

pass by

路过, 经过„

pass down

把„传下去

pass on

传递, 传授 7.the way of doing sth = the way to do

做某事的方法

8.put forward 提出建议,推荐某人或者自己任职,提名;时钟往前拨 9.by the way 顺便说

by way of „通过„ 的方法

lose one’s way 迷路

no way 没门,别想

feel one’s way 摸索着走 谨慎从事

on one’s way to„ 在去„„的路上

in this way=by this means=with this method用这种方法 10.put away 抛弃;舍弃

put down 写下来;记入名单

put on

穿上;戴上;增加

put off

耽误;延期

put out

熄灭(灯);扑灭(火)

put up

建立;建造 put up with„

忍受„

11.arrive at / come to / draw /

reach a conclusion 12.win / beat /defeat

win “赢得, 获胜”, 后接奖品, 奖金, 名誉, 财产 beat “击败, 战胜”, 后接竞争队伍或者对手, 敌人

defeat “击败,战胜”, 后接竞争队伍或者对手, 敌人,(此用法同beat), 疾病等。

13.be expert at/in sth 某方面的专家 14.attend 注意;照看,照顾;参加

attendance n.照顾, 出席

attend school

上学

attend a lecture

听讲座

attend a wedding 出席婚礼 15.attend to 处理, 办理 I have some important things to attend to.照顾, 照料;Are you being attended to ? 先生, 有人接待你吗?

专心, 注意If you don’t attend to the teacher, you’ll never learn anything.16.expose A to B 使 A 暴露于B

A be exposed to B

A 暴露于B 17.die(v.)

dead(adj.)death(n.)

deadly adj.致命的 18.deadly adv.(1)very 极度;非常;十分

deadly serious 十分认真

(2)like death 死一般地

deadly pale 死一般苍白

19.every time 每当

每次(连词 连接句子)注意: immediately, the moment, directly,instantly 等与 every time一样, 都可以 用作连词引导时间状语从句, 意为

“一„..就”。

20.absorb„..into 吸收,理解接受,吞并

be absorbed in „ 被„吸引;专心于;全神贯注于某事 21.suggest doing sth 建议做某事

suggest that 建议 should + V

暗示

该使用什么时态用什么 22.severe 严厉的;苛刻的;严格的.剧痛的, 剧烈的, 严重的, 难熬的be severe with/on sth 对„„严格。23.be to blame 应该受到责备

blame sb for sth 因„„责备某人

blame sth on sb 把 sth 归咎于某人 24.look into 向里看; 调查,了解 25.suspect sth 怀疑某事

suspect sb of doing sth 怀疑某人做某事

suspect that 从句

26.look on

观看, 面向, 旁观, 看待 look out

面朝, 留神, 照料 look over

从上面看, 察看, 检查 look around

环顾, 观光, 察看

look through

看穿, 审核, 浏览, 温习look up and down 仔细打量, 到处寻找 look after 寻求, 照顾, 关心 27.at ease 舒适 快活 自由自在

ease off 减轻痛苦,紧张状态,缓和,放松。28.connect …with与…相联系,关系(抽象)

connect „„to

与„„相连接 29.come to an end 结束,终结,终止 30.handle n.柄, 把手

v.A.操作;运用

B.经销;买卖

C.管理

D.对待

E.应付

F.控制;管理

31.link A to B 把„与„连接;联系

be linked to

连接

link n.联系, 关系

29.announce

announce sth.(to sb.)

announce that + 从句

It is / was announced that + 从句

据宣传

announcement N

make an announcement 下通知 30.instruct

instruction 31.cure sb of sth 治好了某人的病

cure for sth 治疗„„的方法

32.have sb do sth= get sb to do sth 让某人做某事

have sb doing sth = get sb doing sth让某人一直做某事

have sth done = get sth done 叫别人做某事 33.make money 挣钱

make one’s way to一路前进, 向前

make sure 确保

make friends 交朋友

make the bed 铺床

make room for 为„„腾出空位、空间

make up one’s mind 下决心 决定

make an appointment 约会

make a gossip 闲言碎语

make an apology 道歉

make a contest 竞争

make a choice选择

34.be strict with sb.in(doing)sth.35.prevent/stop/keep…from doing sth

阻止某人做某事

36.be absorbed in 专心致志

37.be determined to do决定做某事

38.so„ that„

如此„„以至于

39.die of / from 死于

40.attend to/take care of/ look after 41.cure sb of one’s disease/illness 42.put forward 提出

43.make sense

讲得通,有意义

44.be linked to 和„„有联系

45.be exposed to

暴露于

46.look into 调查,向里看 47.in addition to

另外

48.lead(led, led)to

导致,通向

49.take up 开始从事,继续,占据,接纳,吸收

50.be to blame for 因„„应当受到责备

51.apart from/except for/besides/other than/but/except 除„„之外 52.take in 收留,包括

take on 雇佣,呈现,露出,承担

take over 接任,接管,接收

take off 脱掉衣物,飞机起飞,成功。

take back 撤销,同意收回,回忆昔日 53.work on 从事;继续工作;致力于„ 54.be enthusiastic about 对某事充满热情 55.With 的复合宾语结构 独立复合结构(1)With + n./pron.+ 介词短语

He sat there with a smile on his face.(2)With + n./pron.+ 副词

With Mr Smith away, we’ve got more room.(3)With + n./pron.+ 不定式

With so much work to do, he could not go home.(4)With + n./pron.+ 现在分词

The street was quiet with no buses running.(5)With + n./pron.+ 过去分词

In came a man with his hands tied back.(6)With + n./pron.+ 形容词

He wrote a shirt, with the neck open, showing his bare chest.56.be cautious about/of sb对„„小心谨慎的 57.base sth on 把„„建立在„„

be based on 基于

58.can never„„too 再„„也不为过 59.would have done

should have done

needn’t have done

ought to have done 60.only + 介词短语/副词/状语从句 放在句首,要使用部分倒装倒

only then did he realize that he made mistakes.only at home can I have a good sleep.1 know about 了解

be known as 作„„而出名

be known for 因„„而著名

as far as one knows据某人所知 2 divide „„into 把„„分成 separate….from consist of 由„„组成 不用被动,进行

= be made up of

consist in 存在于

4.take the place of = replace 代替

前不倒后

=take sb’s place 代替某人 take place 发生, 举行

in place of =instead of 代替

5.arrange v.(for连用)安排, 筹备, 布置

arrangement n.筹备, 安排

arrange to do sth.安排做某事, 预定

arrange for

安排, 准备

arrange for sb to do sth 安排某人去做某事 6.fold v.& n.折叠, 弯曲, 合起来

folder

纸夹

foldaway a.可折叠的

unfold

打开(反义词)

fold back

折叠起来;折回去

fold up

失败;倒闭

7.clarify one’s stand/ position 阐明某人的立场 clarify matters 澄清真相

8.puzzle over 苦思

be in a puzzle about 对„„不解

人 puzzled

物 puzzling 9.be in/ come into conflict with 与„冲突/ 矛盾 10.be unwilling to do sth 不愿意做某事 11.break away from 摆脱,脱离„

break down 坏(抛锚, 出故障, 身体跨了)

break into

闯入,break out

(war/fire/disease)爆发

break off

中断

break the rules

违反规则

break the records

打破记录 12.to one’s credit 值得赞扬

13.for one’s convenience = for the convenience of sb 为了方便某人

at one’s convenience

在某人方便的时候

It is convenient to sb.在sb方便的时候

It is convenient for sb.to do sth sb方便做sth 14.attract sb.吸引某人

attract one’s attention 吸引某人的注意力 15.work together

合作

work out

算出

work on 从事,继续工作;致力于 16.look around 参观,四处看

17.It is worthwhile to do sth.值得做某事

It is worthwhile doing sth

be worthy to be done

be worthy of being done

be worth n/pron /doing eg.The book is worth reading.The book is worthy to be read/ of being read.It is worthwhile to read the book.18.leave out 遗漏, 漏掉

leave A for B 离开A去B

leave alone 不管;撇下„一个人

leave aside 搁置

leave behind 遗忘, 遗留

leave+宾语+宾补(adj/v-ing/v-ed)使..19.sb.be familiar with sth

sth be familar to sb

熟悉某物 20.whisper to sb 悄悄说 21.pick up 捡

22.make a list of 列„清单 23.delight

n.to one’s delight 使某人高兴的是„ vt.delight sb

adj delighted be ~ ed at sth, be delighted to do sth

delighting

1.impression n(c)give sb.a good impression 给某人以好印象

make/have/leave an impression on sb.给某人留下印象

impress vt.使…印象深刻 主语impress sb with sth

主语impress sth on sb

给某人留下印象

sb be impressed by sth sth impress sb impressive adj.印象深刻的

The girl impressed her friends with her beauty.2.He took up his book and hurried out.拿起 He took up challenge with courage 接受

He decided to take up photograph as his career 开始从事 I’m going to take this matter up with my lawyer.着手处理 It takes up too much room.占据(时间或空间)take off 脱下;起飞

take in

接纳, 吸收;领会, 理解;欺骗 take on 呈现出;雇佣 take over 接管

take it easy!

别着急 take your time

慢慢来 take advantage of 利用 3.previous to 在„之前

4.be surrounded by/ with 被„包围

5.tolerate/ bear/ stand/ put up with 忍受 vt.tolerance n.tolerant adj 6.lack v.be lacking in/ lack sth.n.(be)lack of sth.for lack of sth 缺乏 He lacks courage = He is lacking in courage

The plants died for lack of water 7.adjustment n – adjust v.调整

adjust to 8.press v ~ sb to do sth 强迫某人做某事

~ one’s way to„

挤 n.the press 新闻界

9.lose sight of/ out of sight „ 看不见

catch sight of / in sight „

看见

at the sight of 一看

(连词作用)10.sweep up 扫除, 打扫

11.switch off=turn off

关掉(电灯或电器)

switch on=turn on

打开

switch from A to B? 由A转变为B 12.slide into 溜进(悄声地)13.Speed up 加速

at a speed of „

以„速度

14.the instant

一„ 就„(conj作用)

for an instant 一瞬间

15.be overcome by(anger,grief)被(感情)压倒

16.remind sb of sth

使某人想起某事

Vt.remind sb to do sth

提醒

remind sb that„

使想起 17.as a result + 结果(句子)

as a result of + 原因(n/ 短语)

由于„

result in 导致

result from 由„引起

His carelessness resulted in failure.As a result of the rain, we can’t go out.18.suffer from 遭受„患(病)19.be similar to 与…相似

20.Keep sb.from doing sth.阻止

stop/ prevent sb.(from)doing sth protect sb.from sth/ doing sth.保护某人免受„伤害 21.be well-known for/ as

因„而闻名/ 作为„而闻名 22.sth be difficult to do

(hard,easy, important, necessary)23.follow sb to do sth 跟着某人做某事 24.in no time 立刻

at one time 曾经

in time 及时

at times 有时 on time 按时

at a time一次

at all times 一直

from time to time 不时的

25.in all directions= in every direction 四面八方

in the direction of „ 在„方向

under the direction of sb

在某人的指导下 26.show sb in/ into 领某人进入

show sb.out / around领某人出去/ 四处看看 show sb.sth.= show sth to sb 向某人展示 show off 炫耀

show up 出现 show sb.the way 指路

show sb what/ how / where to do 教sb … show that从句

27.provide sb with sth= provide sth for…提供 29.fall fast sleep 熟睡

consider sb to have done认为某人做了某事 31.in space 在空间中

32.up-to-date 最新的,日益更新的,33.dispose of sth / sth be disposed of 处理 34.turn into 转化成 35.stare at 盯着

36.happen to + n.发生

happen to do sth.碰巧做(无进行时)

it happens/ happened that

碰巧

37.program sb to do sth 安排某人做某事 38.perform tasks/ work 履行职责/ 任务 1.involve„.in / be involved in 牵涉 2.photograph / photo(s)take ~s of sb 给某人照相

3.submit sth.to sb.向某人递交(文件)

submit(that)主张

submit to sb/ sth 屈服于

4.be eager(for sb.)to do sth

渴望做某事

be eager for / about sth.be eager that

be anxious for /about sth.担心, 忧虑

be anxious to do sth

渴望做某事

5.concentrate(one’s attention, mind, efforts, thoughts)on(doing)sth.全神贯注, 致力于„„

6.inform sb of/ about sth 通知某人某事

inform sb(that)7.in the meanwhile/ meantime 与此同时, 在此期间 8.depend on 依靠,依赖;取决于

It all depends 视情况而定 9.in that case 如果那 in any case 不管怎样

in no case 绝不, 放句首倒装

in case(of)以防万一

as is often the case with„对„是常有的事

Take your umbrella in case it rains.10.accuse sb.of sth.指控某人某事

charge sb.with sth.指控

blame sb.for sth.责备

ask/ cure/ rob / warn /remind sb.of sth.11.so as(not)to = in order(not)to 为了(不)做 11.deny doing sth.拒接做某事

12.be skeptical about/ of sth.怀疑某事 13.be in a dilemma 处于进退两难的境地 14.be gifted in sth/ doing sth

have a gift for sth

在某方面有天赋 15.approve of sb/ sth.赞成,认可

approve sth.批准

16.process a film / photos 冲洗胶卷/照片

in(the)process of„ 在„过程中 17.make an appointment with sb.与某人约会

18.occupy vt 占有;从事,忙于

occupy oneself in(doing)sth 忙于做某事occupation by ~/ profession 工作是

19.suppose vt 假设(虚拟语气);认为;料想,推断

suppose you were a journalist.be supposed to do sth.本应该做某事

be not supposed to do 表示不允许 20.sb.be offered a job 提供给某人工作

offer sb.sth 21.assist(sb.)in doing sth.assist sb in/ with sth.帮助, 协助(help)22.表示将来的五种句型

1.will/ shall do

2.be going to do 3.be doing

4.be to do 5.be about to do 23.go out on a story 出去做新闻 24.cover vt.(1)铺, 覆盖;包括, 涉及

He covered the table with a piece of cloth.His research covered a wide field.(2)占有(时间,面积)The city covers ten square miles.(3)走完, 走过

They covered 20 miles a day.(4)看完(多少页书)I have covered 200 pages now.n.占有;工作;

(5)支付(开支)

The firm barely covers its costs 25.take sth.with sb.随身带着某物

26.find+ n.+ adj.+ to do sth.发现做某事很„.you will find your colleagues very eager to assist you.27.have a nose for sth.对„很敏感 探查发现某事物的能力 28.keep sth.in mind = remember 29.meet /miss a deadline

如期 / 超过期限

30.take notes 做笔记

31.a trick of the trade 行业诀窍

32.case, situation, position, condition, stage, point 等抽象地点n.做先行词时,其后的定语从句用where引导, 相当于in which 33.get the wrong end of the stick 得出错误结论 34.This is how the story goes.这就是事情的发展 35.tell the truth / tell a lie 说实话/ 说谎

36.look forward to sth./ doing sth.期盼做某事 37.set to work = settle down to work 开始工作 settle down to sth/ doing sth.着手做某事 set about doing

set out to do sth

开始做某事 38.pass sth(on)to sb 把„传给某人

pass sth down to sb 把„传给下一代 39.above all 最重要after all 毕竟, 终究

first of all 首先 last of all 最后in all 总计;40.concentrate on(doing)sth专心做某事

concentrate one’s attention on 把注意力集中于„„上

41.update a law 修订法律

update sb on sth 向某人提供最新的信息

42.so as(not)to= in order(not)to(不)为了做„„ 43.be guilty of „ 犯„„最

be guilty for/about sth 对sth感到内疚 44.be in a dilemma 陷入进退两难的困境

put sb into a dilemma 使某人处于进退两难的境地 1.aid(用法同help)

do/ give/ offer(some)first aid 进行急救 2.fall ill/ sleep/ awake/ silent fall+ adj.3.do an injury to sb.= do sb.an injury

伤害某人

an injury to + 身体部位(arm/leg„)

(胳膊/ 手/ 腿)„的伤

get injured/ wounded/ infected 受伤/感染

get+adj.4.bleed to death 流血致死

bleed-bled-bled 5.be essential for/ to sb.对某人是必要的

It is essential for sb.to do sth.做某事是必要的

It is essential that„

(should)+v原形

虚拟语气

essentials 必需品 6.squeeze out 挤出

7.over and over again 反复

8.in place 适当,合适的位置

out of place 不合适 take place 发生

take ons’s place=take the place of sb.=in place of 取代 9.stand on/ without ceremony 拘泥于礼节/ 不拘小节 10.A number of students are sleeping.The number of sleeping students is 60.11.put one’s hands on = find

12.apply sth to sth.把某物涂/ 应用到„上

apply to sb.for sth.向某人申请某物

apply to sth 适用于

apply pressure to„

用力摁,压

13.make a/some/no difference 有一些/没有什么区别 14.save 拯救(life);节约(money)

save up 储蓄

save(on)sth 节约 15.If possible/ necessary如果可能/ 必要的话 16.act as 作为

17.be / get/ stand close to 靠近

18.a variety of = varieties of 各种各样的 19.affect sth.影响

v

be affected by effcct n.have an effect on sth.对„有影响 20.It takes sb.sometime to do sth.花费„

sb.spend sometime on sth./(in)doing sth.sth.cost sb.sometime / money sb.pay money for sth.21.jewellery n.珠宝的总称(不可数)

jewel n.珠宝, 首饰(可数)22.stick-stuck-stuck 粘;刺

stick to 粘住;坚持

stick A on B 贴上 stick in 刺入,扎入

be stuck / trapped/ caught in 陷入„中

23.a basin of water 一盆水

24.knock down 撞到

~ over 撞翻

25.honor v.给予表扬(或奖励、头衔、称号)/ n.荣誉,尊敬

honor sb.(with sth)/(for sth)be honored for„ 因„而受到尊敬 be honored with sth.给„以示荣誉

be/feel honored to do / that

很荣幸能做„

show honour to „

向„表示敬意 in honor of 纪念(表示敬意)

26.present

n.现在,目前; 礼物

at present = at the present time

adj.现在的; 出席的,到场的

the ~ situation 当前形势

be ~ at 出席 vt.赠送; 呈交; 介绍; 陈述

present sb.with sth.= ~ sth.to sb.交

present sb.to sb.介绍

27.躺

lay-lainlied-lying;

lay安放;下蛋 laid-laid-laying;27.be proud of = take proud in 以„为自豪 28.There is no need/ doubt that….29.强调句一 It is(was)+被强调的部分+that/ who+其它”

强调人用who,人/物用that。1)特征:把“It?be„that„”去掉,剩的还是一个完整的句子

It was evening when we reached the little town It was in the evening that we reached the little town 2)特殊疑问句结构:特殊疑问词+is/was +it that...? What is it that you want me to say? 3)It is/was not until...that...对“not...until...”结构的强调,直到„才„

It was not until midnight that he went back home.不用倒装 二 易混句型

1:It be+段时间+ since…“自从„„以来”? 2;It be+点时间+ when...”当„„的时候,是„„”

3;It be+段时间+ before...“多久之后才„„”、“不久„„

第四篇:高中英语必修三知识点

学习知识容易,转化成为能力很难;提出问题容易,得到圆满答复很难;点评别人容易,身临其境去做很难;指责同事容易,正确评价自己很难。下面小编给大家分享一些高中英语必修三知识,希望能够帮助大家,欢迎阅读!

高中英语必修三知识1

第一单元)starve

作不及物动词,表示“饿死,挨饿”。

starve for=be starve of/for,表示“渴望获得,迫切得到”。)plenty

作不可数名词,只用于肯定句中,表示“充足,大量,富裕”,可做主语,宾语或表语。

做主语时,谓语动词随着 plenty 所指的单复数形式作相应的变化。

plenty 也可作副词,表示“充分地,十足地,好多”。

in plenty 表示“大量的,丰富,充裕”可作表语,定语,状语。)satisfy

作及物动词,表示“满意,使满足”,直接跟宾语,若接 that 从句时,意思是“使相信”,从句前有间接宾语。

satisfy … with 以……满足

be satisfied with 对……满足

satisfy … for 向……偿还

be satisfied to do sth 满足于做某事)harm

作名词,意为“损害”,不与不定冠词连用,常与 do,come,mean 等动词搭配。

do more harm than good 弊大于利

There ’ s no harm in(sb ’ s)doing sth=It does no harm for sb to do sth做某事无害处

作及物动词,表示“损害,伤害”。)lead

作及物动词,表示“领导,引导”其宾语常接介词短语或者副词作宾补。

表示“影响,致使”时,后接介词 to,也可以接不定式。

lead sb into 使某人陷入某种不良的状态。

lead sb away 使盲从,常用于被动语态。

lead nowhere 毫无结果,对……不起作用。

lead up to sth 作为……准备,导致。

lead sb by the nose 牵着某人的鼻子,完全操纵某人

lead a dog ’ s life 过困难的生活

lead sb believe that 使某人相信(假的事情或不确切的事情)

lead the way 带路,带头

lead 作为名词,give sb alead 给某人做出榜样,提示某人)origin

是名词,表示“起源,起因,出身”。

be of origin 起源于,出身于)event

是名词,表示“事变,事件”,既可以指历史上的,国际上的,国内的大事件,也可以指日常事件 , 复数形式还可以指事态的发展和结局。

也可以指体育比赛中的“项目”。

常见词组: at all events/in every event 总之,无论如何,不管怎样

in the event 结果,终于 in the event of 万一,如果,倘若 in that event 若果那样的话)dress

作及物动词,表示“给……穿衣”,后接人作宾语,也可以做不及物动词,表示“穿上衣服,穿着衣服”。

dress up 穿上盛装,打扮

dress 作不可数名词,表示“衣服”;作可数名词,表示“妇女及儿童的衣服”。

dress sth up 修饰,掩饰)trick

play a trick on sb=play sb a trick 开某人的玩笑,诈骗某人

do/turn the trick 达到(预期的)目的,获得成功。

have a/the trick of doing sth(有)做……的习惯 / 癖好。

be up to tricks,be at one ’ stricks 玩鬼把戏,闹恶作剧

trick 可以做动词,trick sbinto doing 骗某人去做某事 trick sb out of …骗取某人)memory

是名词,表示“记忆”时,接 for 而不接 of。

复数形式 memories 可表示往事。

in memory of 纪念,一般表示对死者的纪念。

lose one ’ s memory “失去记忆”,可能永远也想不起来;而 slip sb ’ s memory指一般想不起来,可能不知道什么时候又想起。

within one ’ s memory=within the memory of 表示“记忆所及的时间”。)gain

作及物动词,表示“获得”,指经过努力取得有价值的东西或想要的东西。

也可以表示“增加,增进;(钟,表)走得快”。

作不及物动词,表示“获得利益,增加,改善”。

作名词表示“收获,利益,增加”。常用的词组有“ gain in 增加 gain over 说服 gain on sb/sth 赶上)gather

作及物动词,意为“搜集,采集,恢复,积累,加速”。还可以表示“推断,得出(印象,想法”后常接从句。

作不及物动词,表示“聚集,群集”。

常用的词组有: gather oneself together 振作精神 gather oneself up 集中全力,鼓起勇气)admire

作及物动词,只能接名词或者代词作宾语,不能接宾语从句。

admire to do 高兴做 admire sb for sth 在某方面钦佩某人 admire at 对……感到羡慕,对……感到惊讶)forward

作副词,表示“向前地,向未来”。

look forward to 盼望,期待 push one ’ s way forward 挤着向前走 come forward 走出来

put forward 提出 backward and forward 来回

forward 作形容词,表示“在前面的,热心参与的”。

作名词,表示“(足球,曲棍球的)前锋”。

作动词,表示“转递,增进,发送,提高”。)take place

表示“发生”有计划的,有目的的,有准备的发生,是不及物动词,无宾语,不能用于被动语态。

区别 take place,happen,break out :

take place 有计划的发生,多指运动,变化,进步,会议,婚礼等。

happen 偶然发生或者意外事件的发生。

break out 表示“突然发生,爆发”,强调出人意料,多指地震,火灾,火山,战争,疾病,瘟疫等的突然发生。

take one ’ s place 表示“代替某人,执政,上台”。

take the place of 表示“取代,代替”。)fool 的短语

make fool of 欺骗,捉弄 act/play the fool 瞎胡闹,逗乐

fool around/about 无所事事,胡混 fool out of 骗走 fool away 把(时间)胡混掉 fool with胡摆弄)apologize

apologize to sb for doing sth 因为做了某事向某人道歉

make an apology to sb for doing sth 道歉)drown

表示“淹死,淹没,浸泡,沉浸于”。

drown one ’ s sorrow in drink 借酒消愁

drown sth out 淹没)wipe

wipe sth from/off sth 把……从……上擦掉 / 擦净。

wipe out 擦拭(盆,碗等的)内部,除去,消灭,摧毁。

wipe over 再擦一遍。

wipe the floor with sb(在辩论中,竞赛中)把某人打得一败涂地。)weep

weep about 为……而哭泣 weep at 看到 / 听到……而哭泣 weep away 一直哭

weep for/over 因……而哭泣 weep out 哭着抒发掉)forgive

作及物动词,表示“原谅,赦免”,有时可以接双宾语。

forgive sb for doing sth 原谅某人做某事)有关 word 的短语:

give one ’ s word 许诺 break one ’ s word to 失信于 have a ward with sb和某人交谈

have words with sb 和某人吵架 have word 听到消息 eat one ’ s word 认错,道歉

go back on one ’ s word 食言 put in/say a good word for sb 为某人说好话相助

say the word 发指令,发信号 in short words 简言之 in other words 换句话说

in a/one word 总之 word for word 逐字地,一字不差地 by word of mouth 口头上

without a word 什么也没说)有关 breath 的短语:

catch one ’ s breath 屏息 drawn breath 歇口气 drawn one ’ s first/last breath出生/ 死亡

get one ’ s breath 恢复正常呼吸 lose one ’ s breath 气喘吁吁 save one ’ s breath不必浪费口舌

take one ’ s breath away 使某人吃惊 waste one ’ s breath 白费唇舌 out of/short ofbreath 喘不过气,上气不接下气)set off

“出发,起程”,还可以表示“使爆炸,激发”。

有关 set 的短语:

set up 建立,树立,创立 set forth 出发,起程,公布 set out 开始,着手,出发

set about 着手,试图,开始 set fire to 点火 set to doing sth 开始做某事

set … aside 把……放在一边 set sth down 记下来 set … free 将……释放)as though

表示“好像,似乎”,引导的从句谓语动词多用于虚拟语气。

如果 as though 从句中所叙述的情况是事实或有可能发生,也可用于陈述语气。

其后面除了跟句子外,还可以跟名词,动词不定式,形容词(短语),介词短语或分词。

还可以表示感叹语气,来对某项建议、假设或推测表示不赞成,惊讶,不满和厌恶等。

3.语法

情态动词

定义 :

情态动词是一种本身有一定的词义 ,但要与动词原形及其被动语态一起使用,给谓语动词增添情态色彩,表示说话人对有关行为或事物的态度和看法,认为其可能、应该或必要等。

情态动词后面加动词原形。

分类:

情态动词有四类:

①只做情态动词: must,can(could),may(might),ought to

②可做情态动词又可做实义动词: need,dare

③可做情态动词又可做助动词: shall(should),will(would)

④具有情态动词特征: have(had,has)to,used to

位置 :

情态动词在句中放在谓语动词之前 , 谓语动词前若有助动词 , 则在助动词之前 , 疑问句中 , 情态动词则在主语之前。

特点:

情态动词无人称和数的变化 , 情态动词后面跟的动词需用原形 ,否定式构成是在情态动词后面加 “ not ”。个别情态动词有现在式和过去式两种形式 ,过去式用来表达更加客气, 委婉的语气 , 时态性不强 , 可用于过去,现在或将来。情态动词属非及物动词,故没有被动语态。

基本助动词与情态助动词最主要的区别之一是,基本助动词本身没有词义,而情态助动词则有自己的词义,能表示说话人对有关动作或状态的看法,或表示主观设想。

除此之外,情态助动词还有如下词法和句法特征:)除 ought 和 used 以外,其他情态动词后面只能接不带 to 的不定式。如果我们把 ought to 和 used to看做是固定词组的话,那么,所有情态动词无一例外地只能接不带 to 的不定式。)情态助动词在限定动词词组总是位居第一。)情态助动词用于第三人称单数现在时的时候,没有词形变化,即其词尾无-s 形式。)情态动词没有非限定形式,即没有不定式和分词形式,也没有相应的动名词。)情态助动词的“时”的形式并不是时间区别的主要标志。在不少场合,情态助动词的现在时和过去时形式都可以表示现在、过去或将来时间。)情态助动词之间是相互排斥的,即在一个限定动词词组中只能出现一个情态助动词,但有时却可以与 have 和 be 基本助动词连用。

用法

首先它是动词,而且不同于行为动词,行为动词表示的是可以通过行为来表达的动作(如写,读,跑),而情态动词只是表达的一种想法(如能,也许,敢)。

用法是:情态动词 + 行为动词原形

情态动词是一种本身有一定的词义 , 表示说话人的情绪 , 态度或语气的动词 , 但不能单独作谓语 , 只能和其他动词原形构成谓语。

情态动词数量不多 , 但用途广泛 , 主要有下列 :

can(could), may(might), must, need, ought to, dare(dared),shall(should), will(would),have(to),had better.功能

助动词(auxiliary)主要有两类:基本助动词(primary auxiliary)和情态助动词(modalauxiliary)。基本助动词有三个: do, have 和 be;情态助动词基本的有十四个: may, might;can, could;will,would;shall, should;must, need, dare,used to, ought to,had better上述两类助动词的共同特征是,在协助主动词构成限定动词词组时,具有作用词的功能。)构成否定式。)构成疑问式或附加疑问式。)构成修辞倒装。)代替限定动词词组。

can 和 could 的用法

1.表示能力或客观可能性,还可以表示请求和允许。

注意:① could 也可表示请求,语气委婉,主要用于疑问句,不可用于肯定句,答语应用 can(即 could不能用于现在时态的简略答语中)。

② can 表示能力时,还可用 be able to 代替。

2.表示惊异、怀疑、不相信的态度。(主要用在否定句、疑问句或惊叹句中)

3.“ can(could)+ have + 过去分词”的疑问或否定形式表示对过去发生的行为怀疑或不肯定。

4.用在疑问句及否定句中,表示惊讶,不相信等。

5.cannot … tooenough 表示“无论怎样……也不过分”,“越……越好”。

may 和 might 的用法

1.表示许可。

表示请求、允许时,might 比 may 的语气更委婉一些,否定回答时(口语中常用)no , you can ’ t.or , yes,please 用 mustn ’ t 表示“不可以”、“禁止”、“阻止”之意(具有强烈禁止的意思)。

用 May I …征询对方许可在文体上比较正式,在口气上比较客气。在日常口语中,用 Can I … 征询对方意见在现代口语中更为常见。

2.用于祈使句中表示祝愿。

3.表示推测、可能(疑问句不能用于此意)。

4.“ may(might)+ have + 过去分词”表示对过去发生的行为的推测。

must 和 have to 的用法

1.表示必须、必要。(must 表示主观多一些而 have to 则表示客观多一些)

回答 must 引出的问句时,如果是否定的回答,不能用 mustn ’ t,而要用 needn ’ t 或 don ’ t have to。

2.“ must be + 表语”的结构表示推测,它的否定或疑问式用 can 代替 must。

3.“ must + have + 过去分词”的结构常用在肯定句中,表示对过去发生的行为的推测。它的否定或疑问式用 can 代替 must。

4.have to 的含义与 must 相似,两者往往可以互换使用,但 have to 有各种形式,随 have 的变化而定。must 与have to 有下列几点不同:

① must 表示的是说话人的主观看法,而have to 则往往强调客观需要。

② must 一般只表现在,have 则有更多的时态形式。

③ 二者的否定意义不大相同。

④ 询问对方的意愿时应用 must。

注意: have to 也可拼做 have got to。

dare 和 need 的用法

1.need 表示“需要”或“必须”,作情态动词时,仅用于否定句或疑问句中,在肯定句中一般用 must, have to, ought to, 或should 代替。

注意: needn ’ t + 不定式的完成式“表示本来不必做某事而实际上做了某事”

2.Dare 作情态动词时,主要用于疑问句、否定句和条件从句中,一般不用在肯定句中。

3.Dare 和need 常用作实义动词,有时态、人称和数的变化,所不同的是,作实义动词时,在肯定句中,dare 后面通常接带 to的不定式,在否定和疑问句中,dare 后面可接带 to 或不带 to 的不定式。

shall 和 should 的用法

一.shall 的用法:

1.shall 用于第一人称,表示征求对方的意愿。

2.shall 用于第一、第三人称疑问句中,表示说话人征求对方的意见或向对方请示。

3.shall 用于第二、第三人称,表示说话人给对方命令、警告、允诺或威胁。

二.should 的用法:

1.should 表示劝告、建议、命令,其同义词是 ought to;在疑问句中,通常用 should 代替 ought to。

should 的含义较多,用法较活,现介绍三种其特殊用法。

情态动词 should 用于第一人称时可以表示说话人的一种谦逊、客气、委婉的语气。

should 还可以用在 if 引导的条件从句,表示一件事听起来可能性很小,但也不是完全没有可能。相当于“万一”的意思。从句谓语由 should加动词原形构成,主句谓语却不一定用虚拟语气。

此外,Why(or How)+ should 结构表示说话人对某事不能理解,感到意外、惊异等意思。意为“竟会”。

2.“ should + have + 过去分词”结构一般表示义务,表示应该做到而实际上没有做到,并包含一种埋怨、责备的口气。

will 和 would 的用法

1.表示请求、建议等,would 比 will 委婉客气。

2.表示意志、愿望和决心。

3.用“ will be ”和“ will(would)+ have +过去分词”的结构表示推测,主要用于第二、三人称。前者表示对目前情况的推测,后者表示对已经完成的动作或事态的推测。

4.would 可表示过去反复发生的动作或某种倾向。would 表过去习惯时比 used to 正式,并没有“现已无此习惯”的含义。

5.表料想或猜想。

ought to 的用法

1.ought to 表示应该。

2.表示推测。注意与 must 表示推测时的区别:

He must be at home by now.(断定他已到家)

He ought to be home by now.(不十分肯定)

This is where the oil must be.(比较直率)

This is where the oil ought to be.(比较含蓄)

3.“ ought to + have + 过去分词”表示过去应做某事而实际未做。

注意:在美国英语中,ought to 用于否定句和疑问句时,to 可以省略。

ought 和 should 的区别:

1.ought 语气略强。

2.should 较常用。

3.ought 在美国英语中用的很少,而 should 却相当常用。

4.ought 属正式用语。

used to,had better,would rather 的用法

1.used to 表示过去的习惯动作或状态,现在已不存在,在间接引语中,其形式可不变。如:

He told us he used to play football when he was young.在疑问句、否定句、否定疑问句或强调句中,可有两种形式:

疑问句

Did you use to go to the same school as your brother?

Used you to go to the same school as your brother?

否定句

I usedn ’ t to go there.I didn ’ t use to go there.usedn ’ t 亦可拼作 usen ’ t,但发音皆为 ['ju:snt]。

否定疑问句

Usen ’ t you to be interested in the theatre?

Didn ’ t you use to be interested in the theatre?

Had better 意为“最好”,后接不带 to 的不定式。

注:① had best 与 had better 同意,但较少用。② You had better …用于同辈或小辈,对长辈不可用。

Would rather 意为“宁愿”,表选择,后接不带 to 的不定式。

由于 would rather 表选择,因而后可接 than。

高中英语必修三知识2

第二单元)diet

作名词,表示“日常饮食”。

be/go on diet 节食

作动词,表示“节食“。)区别 energy,strength,power 和 force :

energy 主要指人的精力,工作或活动的能力,自然界的能等。

power 主要指做一件事情所依靠的的能力,功能,人或机器等事物所潜在的或所发挥出来的力量,职权,权力或政权。

force 主要指自然界中的力量,暴力,势力,说服力,压力,法律,道德或情感的力量,军事的力量。

strength 指一人或一物所含的内在的力量,能用以从事,忍受,或抵抗很多事物。)balance

作名词,表示“天平,秤;平衡,平稳“。

be/hang in the balance 不确定的,尚未决定的keep one ’ s balance 保持平衡

on balance 考虑周全,总的来说

strike a balance 找出折中办法,妥协

作动词,表示“权衡,平衡”;balance A against B 权衡利弊。)sign

作名词,表示“记号,符号,标志,标记,手势,迹象,指示牌”等。

作动词表示“签名,签署,示意,做手势”。

in sign of 作为……的记号;表示……的。

make no sign of 没有……的样子(迹象),没有表示……

sign for 签约应聘或受雇

sign for sth 签收某物

sign sb on/up 使某人签约受雇

sign up(for sth)注册参加(俱乐部,课程))sigh

sigh over … 为……叹息

sigh for 想念,思念

sigh out/forth sth 边叹息边说出……)slim

作形容词,表示“苗条的,纤细的,小的”。

作动词,表示“变细,减肥”。

slim down 减肥,缩减。)lie

作名词,表示“谎言,谎话,假象”是可数名词。

若表示说谎,只能使 tell lies 或者 tell a lie。

a white lie 无恶意的谎言

throw a lie in sb ’ s face 当面斥责某人说谎

give the lie to 证明……不真实

live a lie 过骗人的生活

作动词 , 表示“说谎”。

lie one ’ s way into/out of 靠撒谎得到某物

lie sb out of sth 从某人处骗取某物

lie in one ’ s teeth/throat 睁着眼睛说瞎话

lie lied lied 说谎

lie lay lain 位于,躺着,平方

lay laid laid 放置,产卵)rid

rid sb/sth of … 使某人或某物摆脱……

get rid of 摆脱,除出

be rid of=rid oneself of 除去,摆脱)amount

a large amount of 大量的(后跟不可数名词)

no amount of 再多的……也不……

作不及物动词,表示“总计,等于”后跟介词 to。)debt

be in debt 欠债

be out of debt 不欠债

get/run into debt 负债

be deep/deeply/heavily in debt 负债累累

pay/back/repay one ’ s debt 偿还债务

clear/pay off/wipe off one ’ s debt=get outof debt 还清债务

be in sb ’ s debt=be in debt to sb 欠某人的情,感激某人)区别 glare,gaze,stare,glance :

glare 指怒视,强调敌对或者威胁的态度。

stare 指睁大眼睛出神地看,注视,瞪视,这种注视出于惊讶,好奇,羡慕,恐惧,有时是粗鲁无礼的。

glance 指瞥视,匆匆一看。

gaze 指目不转睛地看,凝视,注视,这种注视是由于惊奇,喜欢或兴趣所致。)limit

作动词,limit … to … 把……限定在……范围内。

作名词,常与介词 to 连用。

形容词 limited 表示“有限的,极少的,(见解)狭窄的”。)benefit

作动词,表示“使……受益”。

benefit from/by … 从……中受益

be of benefit of 对……有益,对……有利)有关 throw 的短语:

trow at 向……扔去 throw about 乱扔 throw off 扔开,摆脱 throw back 扔回 throw down 扔下,推翻throw sb over 背弃某人 throw oneself on/upon sb/sth 依赖 throw oneself into sth积极做某事)有关 get 的短语:

1.get about(around)

(1)(能)到处走动,旅行。(2)(消息、谣言等)传播,流传。

2.get along

(1)离开(某地)。(2)相处,过日子,合得来。(3)进展。

3.get away

(1)离开,逃离,逃走。(2)逃避责罚,免受处罚,受较轻处罚。

4.get back

(1)返回,回家。(2)取回,拿回,失而复得。

5.get down 下来,取下,放下,弄下,写下,打下,吞下。

6.get down to(6doing)sth 开始做某事,认真处理某事。

7.get in

(1)进站,到达,回来。(2)请来。(3)插话。(4)收获,收割。

8.get off

(1)起飞,动身,出发。(2)下班,下车。(3)从轻处罚,被放过。

9.get on

(1)上车。(2)进行,进展,过日子。(3)相处。

10.get out

(1)出来,出去,离开。(2)拿出,取出。(3)出版,发表。(4)泄漏,传出。

11.get out of

(1)逃避,躲掉。(2)为了逃避工作,使说出(拿出等)。(3)放弃,戒除,停止。

12.get over

(1)走过,越过,渡过。(2)克服,战胜。(3)恢复,痊愈。

13.get through

(1)做完,用完,吃完,看完。(2)通过(考试),接通(电话),度过(时间)。

14.get together 聚会,联欢。

15.get up

(1)起床,起身。(2)打扮。(3)举办。

16.get doing

(1)继续做某事。(2)开始做起某事来。

17.get done

(1)被……。(2)处于某种状态。

18.get sb sth / get sth for sb sth / 为某人弄到某物。

19.get sb(sth)to.do sth 做某人(某事物)做某事。

20.get sb(sth)doing sth 使某人(某事物)(开始)起来。

21.get sth done 使某事被做。注:有时表示遭遇。

22.get to do sth

(1)开始做某事。(2)有机会做某事,设法做成某事。

高中英语必修三知识3

第三单元)bet

make a bet 打赌

place/put a bet on 在……下赌注

one ’ s best bet 最好的办法

作动词,表示“打赌,赌博”,后直接加宾语。

I bet(that)表示“我敢肯定”,相当于 I am sure。

you bet 表示“肯定,没问题”,相当于 certainly。)scene

scene 表示“(戏剧,电影中的)一幕 / 一场,出事地点,现场,情景;风景,布景”。

behind the scenes 在幕后;秘密地。

on the scene 在现场。

set the scene(for sth)作事前的现场描述,为……做准备。

come on the scene 到现场。)stage

表示“舞台,戏剧,阶段”,可以表示“路程,一段路,(事故发生的)现场”。

be/go on the stage 当演员,登台演出

set the stage for sth 为某事做准备。)tale

是可数名词,表示“传说,故事”。

tell its own tale 不言自喻,显而易见。)permit

作动词,后接名词或者代词,表示“允许,答应”;也可以表示“使可能”。

后接不定式的复合结构。

后接动名词,不能直接跟不定式。

分词短语作状语。

后不能跟从句。

permit of sth 认可,容忍。

作名词,表示“许可证,执照,许可”。)account

作名词,表示“叙述,报道,理由,账目,户头”。

by/from all accounts 根据大家所说的。

give an account of 叙述,报道,说明。

作名词,表示“认为”时,后接复合宾语。

account for 表示“做出解释,导致,是……的原因”,还可以表示“占,捕获”。

常见的词组:

out of account 不考虑 on all accounts/on every account 无论如何 on no account决不

take … into account/take account of … 对……加以考虑,顾及…… turn … to good account利用)jealous

be jealous of sb 嫉妒,唯恐某人被他人夺走。

be jealous of sth 妒忌,精心守护。)issue

作动词,表示“发行,出版,发布“。

issue sb with sth 将某物发给某人。

issue in 导致。

作名词,表示“流出,发行,(出版物的)期号,争端”。

at issue 要考虑的,意见不同的。

take issue with sb(on/over/about)就某事论某人。)bow

bow at sb 朝某人鞠躬 bow to sb 鞠躬迎接某人

bow sb in/into 鞠躬迎入某人 bow sb out 鞠躬送走某人

bow to sth 顺从某事

take a/one ’ s bow(演员)鞠躬谢幕(bow 作名词)。)pretend

作及物动词,后接动词不定式,that 从句,名词。

pretend to sth 表示“自以为有……”,后面接名词,常指“学问,智慧,美德”。)有关 trouble 的词组:

get into trouble 陷入困境,惹麻烦 ask for/look for/borrow trouble 自找麻烦,自讨苦吃

be a trouble to sb 对某人是个麻烦 be a trouble to do 干某事是件麻烦事

be in trouble 处于困境 get sb into trouble 使某人陷入困境 get out of trouble 摆脱困境

have trouble doing sth 做某事很费力 make trouble 闹事,捣乱 make trouble for sb给某人带来麻烦 take the trouble to do sth=take the troublein doing sth 不辞劳苦地做某事 troublesb to do sth 麻烦某人做某事 trouble sb for sth 麻烦某人某事

3.语法

名词性从句

在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词从句(Noun Clauses)。名词从句的功能相当于名词词组 ,它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等,因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能,名词从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。

一、引导名词性从句的连接词

引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类:

连词: that(无任何词意)

whether,if(均表示“是否”表明从句内容的不确定性)

as if ,as though(均表示“好像”,“似乎”)

以上在从句中均不充当任何成分

连接代词: what, whatever, who, whoever, whom,whose, which.whichever,whomever

连接副词: when, where, how, why

不可省略的连词:

1.介词后的连词

2.引导主语从句和同位语从句的连词不可省略。

That she was chosen made us very happy.We heard the news that our team had won.比较:

whether 与 if 均为”是否”的意思。但在下列情况下,whether 不能被 if 取代:

1.whether 引导主语从句并在句首

2.引导表语从句

3.whether 从句作介词宾语

4.从句后有” or not ”

Whether he will come is not clear.大部分连接词引导的主语从句都可以置于句末,用 it 充当形式主语。

二.主语从句

作句子主语的从句叫主语从句。主语从句通常由从属连词 that,whether,if 和连接代词 what,who,which,whatever,whoever 以及连接副词 how,when,where,why 等词引导。that在句中无词义,只起连接作用;连接代词和连接副词在句中既保留自己的疑问含义、又起连接作用,在从句中充当从句的成分。

有时为避免句子头重脚轻,常用形式主语 it代替主语从句作形式主语放于句首,而把主语从句置于句末。主语从句后的谓语动词一般用单数形式。常用句型如下:

(1)It + be + 名词 + that 从句

(2)It + be + 形容词 + that 从句

(3)It + be + 动词的过去分词 + that 从句

(4)It + 不及物动词 + that 从句

另注意在主语从句中用来表示惊奇、不相信、惋惜、理应如此等语气时,谓语动词要用虚拟语气“(should)+do ”,常用的句型有:

It is necessary(important, natural, strange, etc.)that …

It is a pity(a shame, no wonder, etc.)that …

It is suggested(requested, proposed, desired, etc.)that …

三、宾语从句

名词句用作宾语的从句叫宾语从句。引导宾语从句的关联词与引导主语从句表语从句的关联词大致一样,在句中可以作谓语动词或介词及非谓语动词的宾语。

1.由连接词 that 引导的宾语从句

由连接词 that 引导宾语从句时,that 在句中不担任任何成分,在口语或非正式的文体中常被省去,但如从句是并列句时 , 第二个分句前的 that不可省

注意:在 demand、order、suggest、decide、insist, desire, request, command等表示要求、命令、建议、决定等意义的动词后,宾语从句常用“(should)+ 动词原形”。

2.用 who,whom, which, whose, what, when, where, why, how, whoever,whatever,whichever 等关联词引导的宾语从句相当于特殊疑问句,应注意句子语序要用陈述语序。

3.用 whether 或 if 引导的宾语从句,其主语和谓语的顺序也不能颠倒,仍保持陈述句语序。此外,whether 与 if在作“是否”的意思讲时在下列情况下一般只能用 whether,不用 if :

a.引导主语从句并在句首时;b.引导表语从句时;c.引导从句作介词宾语时;d.从句后有“ or not ”时;e.后接动词不定式时。

4.注意宾语从句中的时态呼应,当主句动词是现在时,从句根据自身的句子情况,而使用不同时态。

当主句动词是过去时态(could, would除外),从句则要用相应的过去时态,如一般过去时,过去进行时,过去将来时等;当从句表示的是客观真理,科学原理,自然现象,则从句仍用现在时态。

5.think, believe, imagine, suppose等等动词引起的否定性宾语从句中,要把上述主句中的动词变为否定式。即将从句中的否定形式移到主句中。

四、表语从句

在句中作表语的从句叫表语从句。引导表语从句的关联词与引导主语从句的关联词大致一样,表语从句位于连系动词后,有时用 as if 引导。其基本结构为:主语+ 系动词 + that 从句。

需要注意的,当主语是 reason 时,表语从句要用 that 引导而不是 because。

【注意】 whether 可引导表语从句,但与之同义的 if 却通常不用于引导表语从句。

五、同位语从句

同位语从句说明其前面的名词的具体内容。同位语从句通常由 that 引导,可用于同位语从句的名词有 advice、demand、doubt、fact、hope、idea、information、message、news、order、problem、promise、question、request、suggestion、truth、wish、word 等。

同位语从句和定语从句的区别:

that 作为关系代词,可以引导定语从句,充当句子成分,在从句中作宾语时可以省略;that引导同位语从句时,起连词的作用,没有实际意义,不充当句子成分,一般不能省略。

试比较下面两个例句 :

I had no idea that you were here.(that 引导同位语从句,不能省略)

Have you got the idea(that)this book gives you of life in ancientGreece ?(that 引导定语从句,作宾语,可以省略)

六、名词性 that-从句)由从属连词 that 引导的从句叫做名词性 that-从句。That只起连接主句和从句的作用,在从句中不担任任何成分,本身也没有词义。名词性 that-从句在句中能充当主 语、宾语、表语、同位语和形容词宾语,例如:

主语: That he is still alive is sheer luck.他还活着全靠运气。

宾语: John said that he was leaving for London on Wednesday.约翰说他星期三要到伦敦去。

表语: The fact is that he has not been seen recently.事实是近来谁也没有见过他。

同位语:The fact that he has not been seen recentlydisturbs everyone in hisoffice.近来谁也没有见过他,这一事实令办公室所有的人不安。

形容词宾语: I am glad that you are satisfied with your job.你对工作满意我感到很高兴。)That-从句作主语通常用 it 作先行词,而将 that-从句置于句末,例如:

It is quite clear that the whole project is doomed to failure.很清楚,整个计划注定要失败。

It ’ s a pity that you should have to leave.你非走不可真是件憾事。

用 it 作形式主语的 that-从句有以下四种不同的搭配关系:

a.It + be + 形容词 + that-从句

It is necessary that … 有必要……

It is important that … 重要的是……

It is obvious that … 很明显……

b.It + be +-ed 分词 + that-从句

It is believed that … 人们相信……

It is known to all that … 从所周知……

It has been decided that … 已决定……

c.It + be + 名词 + that-从句

It is common knowledge that ………是常识

It is a surprise that … 令人惊奇的是……

It is a fact that … 事实是……

d.It + 不及物动词 + that-分句

It appears that … 似乎……

It happens that … 碰巧……

It occurred to me that … 我突然想起……

七、名词性 wh-从句)由 wh-词引导的名词从句叫做名词性 wh-从句。Wh-词包括who, whom,.whose, whoever, what,whatever,which, whichever 等连接代词和 where, when, how, why 等连接副词。Wh-从句的语法功能除了和that-从句一样外,还可充当介词宾语、宾语补语和间接宾语等,例如:

主语: How the book will sell dependson its author.书销售如何取决于作者本人。

直接宾语: In one ’ s own home one can do what one likes.在自己家里可以随心所欲。

间接宾语: The club will give whoever wins a prize.俱乐部将给得胜者设奖。

表语: My question is who will takeover president of the Foundation.我的问题是谁将接任该基金会主席职位。

宾语补足语: She will name him whatever she wants to.她高兴给他起什么名字就取什么名字。

同位语:  I have no idea when he will return.我不知道他什么时候回来。

形容词宾语: I ’ m not sure why she refused their invitation.我尚不能肯定她为什么拒绝他们的邀请。

介词宾语:  That depends on where we shall go.那取决于我们去哪儿。)Wh-从句作主语也常用先行词 it 做形式主语,而将 wh-从句置于句末,例如:

It is not yet decided who will do that job.还没决定谁做这项工作。

It remains unknown when they are going to get married.他们何时结婚依然不明。

八、if, whether 引导的名词从句)yes-no 型疑问从句

从属连词 if, whether 引导的名词从句是由一般疑问句或选择疑问转化而来的,因此也分别被称为 yes-no型疑问句从句和选择型疑问从句,其功能和 wh-从句的功能相同,例如:

主语: Whether the plan is feasible remains to be proved.这一计划是否可行还有等证实。

宾语: Let us know whether / if you can finish the article before Friday.请让我们知道你是否能在星期五以前把文章写完。

表语: The point is whether we should lend him the money.问题在于我们是否应该借钱给他。

同位语: They are investigating the question whether the man is trustworthy.他们调查他是否值得信赖。

形容词宾语: She ’ s doubtful whether weshall be able to come.她怀疑我们是否能够前来。

介词宾语: I worry about whether he canpass through the crisis of his illness.我担心他是否能度过疾病的危险期。)选择性疑问从句

选择性疑问从句由关联词 if/whether … or 或 whether … or not 构成,例如:

Please tell me whether / if they are Swedish or Danish.请告诉我他们是瑞典人还是丹麦人。

I don ’ t care whether you like the plan or not.我不在乎你是否喜欢该计划。

if 和 whether 的区别:

1、在动词不定式之前只能用whether。

2、在 whether …… ornot 的固定搭配中。

3、在介词后,只能用whether。

4、宾语从句放在句首表示强调时,只能用 whether。

5、用 if 会引起歧义时,只用 whether。

九、否定转移

1)将 think,believe, suppose, expect, fancy, imagine等动词后面宾语从句的否定词转移到主句中,即主句的谓语动词用否定式,而从句的谓语动词用肯定式。注意:若谓语动词为 hope, 宾语从句中的否定词不能转移。

2)将 seem,appear 等后的从句的否定转移到前面。

3)有时将动名词,介词短语或整个从句的否定转变为对谓语动词的否定。

4)有时状语或状语从句中否定可以转移到谓语动词前。

高中英语必修三知识点

第五篇:高中英语必修二知识点总结

关于任何事物的知识都有五个层次或者要素:事物的名称、定义、形象,有关事物的智识或者知识,以及事物本身——这才是知识的真正目标。下面小编给大家分享一些高中英语必修二知识点,希望能够帮助大家,欢迎阅读!

高中英语必修二知识点1

Unit1 Cultural Relics

【重点单词、短语】

1.survive 幸免,生存,生还

2.in search of 寻找

3.select 挑选

4.design 设计,图案,构思

5.fancy 奇特的,异样的,想象

6.decorate 装饰,装潢

7.belong to 属于

8.in return 作为回报

9.at war 处于交战中

10.remove 移动,搬动

11.less than 少于

12.doubt 怀疑

13.worth 值得的,相当于…的价值

14.take apart 拆开

15.explode 爆炸

16.sink 下沉,沉下

17.think highly of 高度评价

【重点句型】

1.There is no doubt that… 毫无疑问…

2.when的用法

was/were doing…when… 正在做某事…这时

was/were about to do… when….将要做某事…这时

had just done…when… 刚做完某事…这时

3.China is larger than any other country in the world.(同一范围内的比较)

She runs faster than any man in Greece.(不同范围内的比较)

4.the way的用法

The way___ he explained to us was quite simple.(that/which/省略)

The way ___ he explained the sentence to us was not difficult.(that/inwhich/省略)

5.worth的用法

be(well)worth doing sth(很)值得做某事

be worthy to be done = be worthy of being done

It’s worthwhile to do sth = it’s worthwhile doing sth

6.“疑问词+ to do” 结构,在句中做主语、宾语、表语

How to do it is a question.I don’t know what to do next.7.it做形式主语

It has been proved that pride goes before a fall.事实证明骄必败。

8.what 引导主语从句,在从句中作主语

What he has said is of great importance.What happened to him remained unknown.?名校课堂每天必读

书山有路勤为径,学海无涯苦作舟!

Diligence is the path to the mountain of knowledge,hard-working is the boatto the endless sea of learning.【语法总结】

非限定性定语从句

非限定性定语从句的作用是对所修饰的成分作进一步说明(注:通常和主句间用逗号隔开,不受主句句子结构的影响,将从句拿掉后其他部分仍可成立)

限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的六点区别

区别一:形式不同

限定性定语从句主句和从句之间不用逗号隔开,口语中使用时也不停顿;而非限定性定语从句与主句之间通常有逗号隔开,口语中使用时有停顿。

区别二:功能不同

限定性定语从句用于对先行词的意义进行修饰、限制和识别,如果去掉,就会造成句意不完整或概念不清;而非限定性定语从句用于对先行词起补充说明作用,如果省略,句意仍然清楚、完整。如:

People who take physical exercise live longer.进行体育锻炼的人活得长些。(若把从句去掉句子就失去意义)

His daughter, who is in Boston now, is coming home next week.他女儿现在在波士顿,下星期回来。(若把从句去句子意义仍然完整)

区别三:翻译不同

在翻译定语从句时,一般把限定性定语从句翻译在它所修饰的先行词之前,而把非限定性定语从句与主句分开。如:

He is the man whose car was stolen.他就是汽车被窃的那个人。

I’ve invited Jim, who lives in the next flat.我邀请了吉姆,他就住在隔壁。

区别四:含义不同

比较下面的两个句子:

I have a sister who is a doctor.我有一个医生的姐姐。(姐姐不止一个)

I have a sister, who is a doctor.我有一个姐姐,她是当医生的。(只有一个姐姐)

区别五:先行词不同

限定性定语从句的先行词只能是名词或代词,而非限定性定语从句的先行词则可以是名词或代词,也可以是短语或句子;另外,当先行词为专有名词或其他具有独一无二性的普通名词时,通常要用非限制性定语从句,而不用限制性定语从句。如:

Peter drove too fast, which was dangerous.彼得开车很快,这是很危险的。(which指drive toofast)

He changed his mind, which made me very angry.他改变了主意,这使我很生气。(which指整个主句)

区别六:关系词不同

关系词that和why可用于限制性定语从句中,通常不用于非限制性定语从句;另外,在限制性定语从句中,关系词有时可以省略(参见本章有关内容),而在非限制性定语从句中关系词一律不省略。

高中英语必修二知识点2

Unit2 The Olympic Games

【重点单词、短语】

1.compete 比赛,竞争

2.take part in 参加,参与

3.stand for 代表,象征,表示

4.admit 容许,接纳,承认

5.as well 也,又,还

6.host 做东,招待,主人

7.replace 代替

8.charge 收费,控诉

in charge 主管,看管

9.advertise I做广告,登广告

10.bargain 讨价还价,讲条件,便宜货

11.one after another 一个接一个地

12.deserve 应受(报答或惩罚)

13.deserve的用法

deserve to do sth 应该做/值得做

deserve doing = deserve to be done 值得…(doing 表被动意义)

Your suggestion deserves to be considered = deserves considering.(用法相似的动词:need/want/require doing= need/want/require to be done 需要….)

14.take part in : 参加有组织的、重大的活动

join in 参加正在进行的活动

join: 参加团体,党派和组织,成为其中的一员(join the army;join the party)

attend: 出席,参加,后跟 meeting,wedding,class, course等

【重点句型】

1.nor/neither + 助动词/be/情态动词 + 主语:表示“…也不这样”

I have never been abroad, and neither/nor has he.If you don’t go to the party, nor will I.2.So+情态动词/助动词/be动词+主语 :表示“...也是的一样的”, 强调后者同前者肯定情况一样。

3.So+主语+情态动词/助动词/be动词:表示 “的确如此”,对前面情况的肯定。

4.not only…but(also)… 不但...而且...Women are not only allowed, but play a very important role ingymnastics.(1)引导并列结构:引导主语时,谓语动词 就近原则。

(2)引导并列句时,not only句倒装,即前倒后不倒。

Not only did they take photos, but also they had a bid dinner.【语法总结】

被动语态

一.概念:主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者,被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。

二.各种时态被动语态的形式

1.一般现在时的被动语态 am/is/are + done

2.一般过去时的被动语态 was/were + done

3.一般将来时的被动语态 ⑴will be done is/am/are going to be done

4.现在进行时的被动语态 is/am/are + being + done

表示说话人说话时或现阶段正在进行的动作,经常和时间副词now(现在), right now(现在, 此刻), at present(现在,目前), at this moment(此刻)连用。

5.现在完成时的被动 have/has been done

现在完成时常与already, always, often, ever, never, yet, not...yet,just等不表示明确的时间副词连用, 还可以和表示时间一直延续到目前的带(ever)since, for的状语及包括现在在内的词连用。如: now,today, this month, this year, recently, these days,many times, so far, by now,in the past/last few days/years… 等。6.过去完成时的被动 had been done

7.过去将来时的被动 would be done

8.过去进行时的被动 was/were being done

9.带情态动词的被动语态 情态动词 + be done

10.动词不定式的被动式 to be done

e.g.It is an honor for me to be asked to speak here.三.注意事项

1.并不是所有动词都有被动语态

happen, take place, break out, belong to, cost, last等不及物动词或词组无被动语态。

2.短语动词、固定搭配变被动语态介词或副词不能省。

E.g.Time should be made full use of.3.双宾语:一个宾语成主语,另一主语保留不变。

E.g.Mother will buy me an iphone5.→ I will be bought an iphone5(by mymother).→ An iphone5 will be bought for me(by my mother).高中英语必修二知识点3

Unit3 Computers

【重点单词、短语】

1.solve 解决;解答

2.from…on 从…...时起

3.as a result 结果

4.so…that 如此…以至于

5.explore 探索,探测,研究

6.anyhow 无论如何,即使如此

7.goal 目标,球门,得分

8.human race 人类

9.signal 发信号,信号

10.type 类型,打字

11.in a way 在某种程度上

12.arise 出现,发生

13.with the help of 在…...的帮助下

14.electronic 电子的15.deal with 处理

16.watch over 看守,监视

17.rise/arise/arouse/raise的区别

【重点句型】

1.certain和sure的句型

sb.be sure/certain of…= sb.be sure/certain that从句:某人确信…

be sure/certain to do sth.肯定会做…

It’s certain that从句 肯定会

例如:It’s certain that he will succeed.=He’s sure/certain tosucceed.他肯定会成功的。

I’m sure/certain of his success.= I’m sure/certain that he will succeed.我确信他会成功的。

2.主语+ be + adj + to do The question is easy to answer.3.状语从句的省略

在when, while, if, unless, though, once等引导的状语从句中,如果从句的主语和主句的主语一致,且从句中的谓语含有be动词时, 为了使句子简洁, 可省略从句中的主语和be动词。

While playing in the snow, the two pandas had great fun.Unless invited, he has decided not to attend that activity.【语法总结】现在完成时的被动语态(详见第二单元)

高中英语必修二知识点4

Unit4 Wildlife protection

【重点单词、短语】

1.die out 灭亡、逐渐消失

2.hunt 打猎,猎取

3.in peace 和平地,安详地

4.in danger of 在危险中

5.in relief 如释重负,松了口气

6.burst into laughter 突然笑起来

7.protect…from 保护…不受…之害

8.contain 包含,容纳,容忍

9.affect影响,感动,侵袭

10.pay attention to 注意

11.appreciate 鉴赏,感激

12.succeed 成功,接替

13.employ 雇佣,利用

14.harm 危害

15.bite 咬,叮

16.come into being 形成,产生

17.inspect 检查,视察

18.according to 按照,根据

19.so that 以至于

【重点句型】

1.succeed in doing sth 成功的做某事

succeed to sth 继承某事

2.under construction/discussion 正在被建设/讨论

in use 正在被使用

3.do harm to sth = be harmful to sth 对…有害

there is no harm in doing sth 做某事无害

4.be used to do sth 被用来做…

used to sth 过去常常做...be used to doing sth习惯于做某事

5.It won’t be long before… 过不了多久…就会…

6.take measures to do sth 采取措施做某事

7.with的复合结构:with + n/pron + adj/adv/ 介词短语/现在分词/过去分词/不定式

With a lot of problems to settle, she can’t go out.(将来)

With time going by, he is getting along well with his English.(主动,进行)

With the work done, he can go out.(被动,完成)

【语法总结】现在进行时的被动语态(详见第二单元)

高中英语必修二知识点5

Unit5 Music

【重点单词、短语】

1.roll 滚动,摇晃,卷,2.dream of 梦见,梦想

3.to be honest 实话说

4.attach 系上,附加

attach …to 认为有……(重要性、意义)

5.form 组成,形成,构成6.earn 赚,挣得

7.perform 表演,执行,履行

8.in cash 用现金,有现钱

9.play jokes on 戏弄

10.rely on 依赖,依靠

11.be/get familiar with 熟悉

12.or so 大约

13.break up 打碎,分裂

14.in addition 另外

15.sort out 分类

16.above all 最重要,首先

【重点句型】

1.dream of/about 梦想做…

2.to be honest= honestly speaking = to tell the truth 说实话

3.form the habit of...形成…习惯

in the form of… 以…形式

4.I would appreciate it if… 如果…我将不胜感激.go wrong 出故障 come up with 提出 make up 构成;编造 a5.as is often the case情况通常如此

6.It looks as if it is going to rain.(真实语气:很有可能发生)

He treats me as if I were a stranger.(虚拟语气:与现在事实He talked about Rome as ifhe had been there before.(虚拟语气:与过去事实相反)

【语法总结】

“介词+which/whom”引导的定语从句

关系代词在定语从句中作介词后面的宾语时,有时可把介词提到关系代词的前面,但这时如果先行词是人,要用“介词+whom”引导定语从句;如果先行词是物,要用“介词+which”引导定语从句。且关系代词都不能省略。

Eg: 1.The girl whom I borrowed the bike from is my friend.2.The girl from whom I borrowed the bike is my friend.3.How is the film about which I often talked to you?

4.Is this the room in which Mr.Smith lives?

注意:一些固定的含有介词的短语动词在定语从句中不能拆开,即不能把介词放关系词前。

1.This is the bag which he is looking for.2.The old lady whom she is looking after is her teacher.高中英语必修二知识点总结

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