第一篇:英语句子能让你更容易表达自己的想法
标题:学实用英语句子能让你更容易表达自己的想法
关键词:实用英语句子
导读:我们学习实用英语句子的一个很重要的目的就是为了口语的提高,口语能力就是你用英语表达自己的想法的能力,既然自己不能组织语言,那就去多背一些现成的句子吧!效果也是不错的。
1.Don't keep me waiting long. 不要让我等得太久。
2.He has a remarkable memory. 他有惊人的记忆力。
3.He has completed the task. 他完成了这个任务。
4.He has quite a few friends. 他有不少的朋友。
5.He is capable of any crime. 他什么样的坏事都能干得出来。
6.He walks with a quick pace. 他快步走路。
7.He was not a little tired. 他很累。
8.His looks are always funny. 他的样子总是滑稽可笑。
9.How about going to a movie? 去看场电影怎么样?
10.I think I've caught a cold. 我想我得了感冒。
11.I was taking care of Sally.我在照顾萨莉。
12.I wish I lived in NEWYORK. 我希望住在纽约。
13.I'm very glad to hear that. 很高兴听你这样说。
14.I'm your lucky fellow then.我就是你的幸运舞伴啦!
15.It's none of your business!这不关你的事儿!
更多学习资料请见美联英语学习网。
第二篇:职业规划让你更容易成功
职业规划让你更容易成功
每个人都渴望成功,通往成功的路也不止一条,正所谓条条大路通罗马,但总是有人取道捷径、直捣黄龙,也有人曲折迂回、堕人迷宫,而职业规划也许就是帮助我们到达罗马的最好工具。职业规划不仅可以帮助我们解决当前求职、就业、择业或者事业发展中遇到的困惑,更重要的是帮助我们明确未来的事业发展方向。
世界头号投资大师巴菲特,小时候是一个内向而敏感的孩子,无论是读书还是生活中的表现,巴菲特与一般孩子毫无区别,甚至还不如。许多人都嘲笑巴菲特行动、思维缓慢,但巴菲特却将这一弱点转化为自己最大的优点——耐心;同时,他还发现自己对数字有天生的敏感,并对其充满了兴趣。
在27岁之前,巴菲特尝试过无数的工作,做销售、充当法律顾问、管理一家小厂,但最终他结合自己的优点——耐心、对数字敏感,将自己的职业发展转向成为一名投资家。在明确的职业规划引导下,巴菲特拒绝许多外来的诱惑,也忍受住许多压力,坚定不移地按着自己的职业发展道路前进,最终成就一番惊人成就。
职业规划最大好处就在于,帮助我们将个人梦想、价值观、人生目标与我们的行动策略协调一致,去除其他不相关的旁枝末节,整合个人最大的优势与资源,从而向着终极目标快速前进,而这正是我们取得成功的重要保证。
无论你是即将步入职场的新人,还是已经身在职场数年,总会面临选择的迷茫:是就业还是择业;是寻求新的挑战还是继续稳定的工作。在初级人才过剩、高级人才奇缺的现实下,这类迷茫越发显著。实际上,这和缺乏明确的职业规划有很大的关系。而事实证明,拥有明确目标的人往往比缺乏目标的人更容易获得成功。
文章来源:河南职业规划 郑州职业规划
第三篇:教育论文如何写作才能让发表更容易?
教育论文如何写作才能让发表更容易?
很多年前,吴汉明先生在他的《教坛鳞爪录》中曾专门探讨过写作难与易的问题,他引述“一字穷岁月,十年成一赋”和“眼前景象口头语,便是诗家绝妙词”来形容写作的难与易,的确形象、生动、贴切。对教师来说,撰写教学、教育类论文是难还是易呢?可以说难,也可以说易。
说教学、教育类论文写作容易,是因为大多数教师是有较高学历的知识分子,常年从事教学、教研工作,哪会没有心得体会?哪会没有遇到令自己心灵震撼的事情?把自己的教学感受记录下来,把与学生谈心、家访、处理突发事件的细节记录下来,把令自己满意或不满意的课堂教学记录下来,不就成了教育论文的雏形了吗?许多有成就的大教育家、知名学者如梁启超、陶行知、魏书生、李镇西等不就是把生活中的点滴发现记录下来,再整理成文的吗?他们的书稿,没有晦涩的词藻,也没有深不可测的观点。像李镇西老师的写作素材大多来自教学实践,一个故事,一点启迪,就那么简单。
说教育、教学论文写作难是难在发表上面。教师申报高一级职称都要发表较高水平的教学、教育论文,而要在省级、国家级报刊杂志上发表文章实在是难!据说一篇稿件最终付印前在编辑部要经过三次审核,投稿者多如牛毛,有水平的稿件也只有部分能发表,要编辑都满意谈何容易!不少教师费尽脑汁写出的文章投到杂志社总是石沉大海,杳无音信!是什么因素造成文章如此难发表呢?原因当然很多。
【发表吧】——最权威、最专业、最诚信的论文发表平台
其一,有的教师文学修养较浅,不谙写作技巧。写作是厚积薄发的一门艺术,通常是没有什么捷径的。但在教学实践中,有的教师除了对任教科目有所研究之外,很少涉猎、阅读教育大家、优秀教师的教育心得,不注意文学修养的培养与写作技巧的训练,也很少考虑写作素材积累的问题,脑子里空空如也。等到要动笔时,搜索枯肠也找不到合适的语句或事例,遣词造句难以准确地表情达意,剖析事理逻辑混乱,难以清晰地论证命题。
其二,有的教师写作功利性过强。有人说“写作是心中有话要说的反映,什么时候觉得自己不是写作就是写作了。”这大概是说写作是直抒胸臆的事情,不能勉为其难。但在实践中,不少教师却因为申报职称的需要,不等素材积累到一定的程度,不管有没有灵感的闪现,也不管所写的题材是否融入了自己的思想感情便匆忙执笔,如此功利的写作能有好作品产生吗?
其三,稿件缺乏新意,没有亮点。有的教师写文章只是简单地把教学过程中的琐事客观地记录下来,没有去粗取精的筛选,没有由表及里的深入,也没有总结提高,有的教师更是随便在旧杂志或网上下载,稍加修改便当作自己的东西拿去投稿,没有承载自己的智慧和情感,没有感动人心的亮点,又如何能令编辑满意呢?
文章发表就真这么难吗?能不能把难事变成易事呢?答案应该是肯定的!韩非子说:天下之难事必作于自由空间易,天下之大事必作于细。难与易在一定条件下是可以转化的,倘能难中取易,由易到难,就可以做到化难为易。
首先要重视学习和思考。孔子说学而不思则罔,思而不学则殆。没有了学习和思考,教师素质的提高就没有了保证。教师的学习不能局限于任教学科,知识面要广博,只有先博采百家,才能自成一体、别具见地!工作与学习之余,教师还要善于调整出闲暇的时问用于思考教学的得失。闲暇思考的时间是根,它滋润着教育艺术的枝和节,如果教师不能清理出一块静心反思的空间,那他是难以领会教学、教育真谛的。
【发表吧】——最权威、最专业、最诚信的论文发表平台
其次是要懂得借鉴与创新的问题。有人说建筑师学会了背弃,城市才会千姿百态;服装师学会了背弃,如潮的人流才会流光溢彩;作家学会了背弃,新颖的作品才能打动人心!面对汗牛充栋的教育书稿、报刊杂志,教师要学会借鉴,更要学会背弃与创新。怎样创新呢?这就要做教学、教育的有心人了:平时要留心边感人有趣的事情,学会捕捉思想的火花,注重积累有用的素材。
再次是要尝试了解杂志的风格特点。不同的杂志总有它自己的风格特点和采稿原则。教师一定要深入地阅读各种杂志,有的放矢地投稿。编辑选稿时一般说来总要考虑稿件创新、深度以及时代性等问题。教师写稿要善于把握这些要素,把教学过程中最深的感受和体会写出来。在撰稿的过程中,注意自己的写作意图应该是自然而然地流露,而不必特别地指点出来,也不要把教学心得变成抽象的说教,如果写出的东西连自己都不能有所触动,就不要急于投寄。
第四篇:如何表达自己心情失落句子
没有你的城市,我就像一个没有爱情温暖的男人;很想你的时候,我就静静轻轻呼唤你的名字,我爱你!这是我一生的承诺!知道有哪些描写失落的可以知道摘抄的好句子呢?这里给大家分享一些关于描写失落的句子,供大家参考。
描写自己失落的语录
1.认真的人,最可怜,动心的人,最可悲。
2.情牵三世,不离不弃大地之母,女娲后人爱情是她的执着,等待是她的宿命。
3.不要只追求漂亮的外表,它会欺骗你的眼睛;不要只追求财富,那只不过是过眼云烟;追寻那个让你内心微笑的。
4.旧情人给的问候,比陌生人还要尴尬。
5.你用沉默来回避我,那我就用不联系来成全你。
6.不闻不问不一定是忘记了,但一定是疏远了,彼此沉默太久,就连主动都需要勇气。
7.你怎么可能在拥有爱情的同时又拒绝受伤,别忘了,丘比特射出的是箭,不是玫瑰。
8.人生是一个舞台,只要上了台,在戏没有演完之前,你下了台,那么你就要付出惨痛的代价。
9.明天似乎太遥远,昨日仿佛又太近,今日也许我不是我。
10.时间是一列永不停息的列车,我们都是赶车的人。
11.总有一天你会明白,委屈要自己消化,故事不用逢人就讲。真正理解你的没有几个,大多人只,会站在他们自己的立场,偷看你的笑话。
12.男人坚持别怕苦,再苦再累不服输。坚信自已选的路,太多磨难来阻路,也不放弃和孤独。生活!就是生下来,活下去。
13.你的眼圈越发的黑,白开水喝出了酒的味,你没有泪,只是想起了谁。有时候你把什么都放下了,不是因为突然就舍得了,而是因为期限到了,任性够了,成熟多了,也就知道这一页该翻过去了。
14.难过的时候就吃东西,因为胃和心的距离很近,当你吃饱了的时候,暖暖的胃会挤占心脏的位置,这样心里就不会觉得那么冷清,那么空落落。
15.只有天空是没有人能够抢走的,只要我能抬起头,它都会陪着我。
16.不要因为寂寞,随便找一个人。为了这一时的陪伴,在以后的日子可能不只有寂寞,还有痛苦。
17.有一天我终于对你不冷不热了,有一天我终于放手对你死心了;有一天我和别人走在一起了;有一天我和你彻底成为陌生人了;你会不会有一点后悔自己当初的不珍惜?
18.听说,世间所有的相遇都是久别重逢。曾经暗香浮动的心事,空白了的时光也都只是为了等待一个人将那斑驳的记忆唤回。
19.发不出去的思念,我想你,很想,想到有人会取代我,心里就该死的疼。
20.如果有人错过机会,多半不是机会没有到来,而是因为等待机会者没有看见机会到来,而且机会过来时,没有一伸手就抓住它。
描写自己失落的短句
1.那年雨天,我们在雨中奔跑;今年雨天,却只有我在雨中。
2.离开你,整个世界都快崩塌,只是这次你眼睁睁看我一个人苦苦挣扎。
3.等待,不是为了你能回来,而是找个借口不离开。
4.依旧是那双明媚的眼睛里,我找不到故事里的追尾。
5.能自己花钱解决的事,尽量别用人情,你要知道,人情比钱贵得多。
6.想哭就哭,想笑就笑,不要因为世界虚伪,你也变得虚伪了。
7.我没有所谓的避风港,即使风再大雨再狂我都得独自走一场。
8.再美好也经不住遗忘,在悲伤也抵不过时间。
9.一场繁华的邂逅,一段静默的收场。
10.你走之后,我得了一场大病,疼的我痛不欲生,后来我活过来了,却忘记了自己。
11.沉默不是不说话,只是不想说话。
12.可悲的是,有时候自己的倾尽了全力却还抵不过他人的无须努力。
13.你以为热情主动他会感动,你以为你患得患失他会心痛,其实都没有,只有你一次又一次犯贱再主动。
14.没有人会心疼我,哪怕我哭的再撕心累裂肺,伤的遍体鳞伤。
15.现在才知道爱情没有那么容易,它会让一个人生不如死。
16.已经离开的人开始了新的生活,被忘掉的人也该开始新的生活了。
17.歌为知音而唱,酒为知己而醉,情为距离而贵,心为路遥而思,月为痴情而羞,星为爱情而美,桥为流水等待。
18.每次失望无助心寒的时候,总是在想,如果现在我还拥有你,那该有多好!
19.能在一起的心不在,真正相爱的永世不分离!
20.红颜泪滴点朱唇,半世痴情终离殇。
描写自己失落的说说
1.不是越来越现实,是越来越喜欢踏实的感觉,所以喜欢看得见摸得着的东西,那些有的没得越来越不在意了。
2.人生这趟无法回头的列车上,你总要习惯那些突如其来的不告而别,你必须明白。有些人的出现就是为了教会你遗憾和别离。
3.缘分,默默地守候在某个渡口,等待着爱情的携带。两颗空洞的心,不约而同。曾经他是心事,后来成为故事,现在已成往事。
4.不合适的人始终要分开,没必要为一段不合适的感情而努力,你求人的样子像条狗,你哭的样子特别丑。
5.后来,我遇到了一个很像很像你的人,我却是再也没有心动的感觉,再后来我懂了,无论他再像你,但始终不是你。
6.喜欢一首歌会单曲循环,爱上一个人会不断原谅,可是歌听够了就会切掉,所以人爱累了,也会放手。
7.你走了也好,我悬着的心总算有了安放,不然,我总是担心你要走,害怕你不告而别,让我满世界乱找。
8.有时候很喜欢你很想在一起,有时候很累很想放弃,可是我害怕你真的有那么一点喜欢我,而我自己撒手了,为了那一点不知道存在不存在的喜欢,我等了你好久。
9.过去就像星光,与我相隔一亿光年,在黑夜绽放独特的光芒,我始终看的见摸不到。
10.我们渐渐被时光磨平了棱角,当初的喜欢到现在看来不过是一句玩笑。
11.其实活在这个世上的每个人都没错,每个人都说活着很无奈!但人们都忘了其实这一切都是自己造成的!出于自已的手里的事有很多,做过的早就忘了一干二净了,或许都没忘,放在自已的心里,谁都不愿说出口,难道每个人都忘了吗,为了自已想做的,早就不想听别人说的话,就算听了,也不会放在心上,没人会觉得错!
12.我当然知道人都是会变得,也从未指望过你永远如初,但感觉到你待我不似从前时,还是忍不住偷偷难过了很久。
13.我佩服那些可以隐忍的人,将自己的苦痛掩映得那么深,只取快乐与别人分享,其实内心悲伤早已泛滥成灾,却看上去若无其事,岁月安好。
14.再美的回忆,也成为了伤,再美的伤,都会痛的,忘了吧,别让自己的微笑,都这么牵强。不是每个优秀的人,都适合与你一起天荒地老,有的人,是用来成长的,有的人,是用来怀念的,有的人,是用来一起生活的。
15.人和人真是说不清的劫数,你为了一个人辗转反侧夜不能寐,那个人又为了别人,神魂颠倒食不知味。
16.从深情到敷衍,热情到冷淡,重视到忽略,难忘到遗忘,在时间面前我怎能不慌。
17.我宁愿自己颠沛流离,无依无靠,也不愿勉强你在我身边,过得不快乐。
18.天总是阴着,现在已经起雾了,远处什么都看不清,仿佛是我的未来。迷茫,在这个时刻。
19.有人在乎你,有人保护你,有人关心你,有人希望你幸福,有人整夜睡不着地想念你,她就是爱你爱得最深的人。
20.不要说,离开以后还会想念;不要说,分手以后还是朋友。离开一个地方,风景就不再属于你;错过一个人,那人便与你无关。
描写自己失落的文案
1.要是你不爱一个人,请放手,好让别人有机会爱她。如果你爱的人放弃了你,请放开自己,好让自己有机会爱别人。有的东西你再喜欢也不会属于你的,有的东西你再留恋也注定要放弃的,人生中有许多种爱,但别让爱成为一种伤害。
2.鱼上钩了,那是因为鱼爱上了渔夫,它愿用生命来博渔夫一笑。
3.这样的折磨,只是繁华的冷,只是内心的仓促,再见的爱情,彼此的挂牵,人海还是那个风景,思念只是一种留恋,多少的眷顾,只是一种奢望,只是生命的徘徊。
4.世界这么大,只想喜欢你,五月的清晨给你,汽水的第一口给你,情书给你,怀抱给你等待给你,满心欢喜和余生岁月都给你。
5.你是我想跟全世界炫耀,却又舍不得跟任何人分享的人。
6.做好自己就好,别等分开的时候连自己都不认识自己,自己都瞧不起自己,人可以为爱疯狂,但是也得做好自己别丢的太彻底。
7.当爱不能完美,我宁愿选择无悔,不管来生多么美丽,我不愿失去今生对你的记忆,我不求天长地久的美景,我只要生生世世的轮回里有你!
8.我喜欢你就像周幽烽火戏诸侯,负了西周,亡了自己,却笑了褒姒。
9.再难受又怎样,生活还要继续。现实就是这样,没有半点留情,你不争就得输。
10.心动只要一瞬间,心碎也只一转眼。
11.其实我一切正常,只是有点悲伤。
12.亲爱的姑娘,总有一天你会遇上那么一个人,他让你的欢笑和泪水都有意义,他善待你,把你当成生命中最重要的那个。
13.后来明白,我们永远无法成为别人满意的那个自己,可如果坚持做喜欢的自己,终会遇见喜欢你的人。其实到最后,我们都是在寻找同类,就像溪流汇入江海,光束拥抱彩虹。
14.曾经恋爱过的都明白,童话式的天长地久只属于童话。
15.感情的世界里,根本就难以存在好聚好散,总有一个拔腿先走,另一个原地发呆。
16.我以为,真心对人,也可以换来别人真心对待。拼了命地不让身边的人难过,却发现,受伤的原来是我自己。经历了一些事,才知道自己真的好傻。
17.喜欢星星却只能仰天观望,喜欢清风却伸手抓空,美好的事物就像你一样,想要得到却总是成空。
18.平静是最好的状态,无论是平静的拼尽全力,还是平静的等待结果。
19.眼泪不停地掉下来,终究还是忘不了你带给我的爱,是我不懂爱,还是我不会爱。
20.照片我没删,只是加密了;你送的东西我没丢,只是装进了那个再也不敢打开的箱子里了;而你,我也没忘,因为忘记真的太难了。
如何表达自己心情失落句子
第五篇:TED英语演讲稿:如何让选择更容易
TED英语演讲稿:如何让选择更容易
简介:面对商场里五花八门的商品,你的选择恐惧症又犯了吗? 美国哥伦比亚大学商学教授sheena iyengar研究如何让你在做选择时更容易。为了让你的选择省时省力,商家又会有哪些诀窍呢?
do you know how many choices you make in a typical day? do you know how many choices you make in typical week? i recently did a survey with over 2,000 americans, and the average number of choices that the typical american reports making is about 70 in a typical day.there was also recently a study done with ceos in which they followed ceos around for a whole week.and these scientists simply documented all the various tasks that these ceos engaged in and how much time they spent engaging in making decisions related to these tasks.and they found that the average ceo engaged in about 139 tasks in a week.each task was made up of many, many, many sub-choices of course.50 percent of their decisions were made in nine minutes or less.only about 12 percent of the decisions did they make an hour or more of their time.think about your own choices.do you know how many choices make it into your nine minute category versus your one hour category? how well do you think you're doing at managing those choices?
today i want to talk about one of the biggest modern day choosing problems that we have, which is the choice overload problem.i want to talk about the problem and some potential solutions.now as i talk about this problem, i'm going to have some questions for you and i'm going to want to know your answers.so when i ask you a question, since i'm blind, only raise your hand if you want to burn off some calories.(laughter)otherwise, when i ask you a question, and if your answer is yes, i'd like you to clap your hands.so for my first question for you today: are you guys ready to hear about the choice overload problem?(applause)thank you.so when i was a graduate student at stanford university, i used to go to this very, very upscale grocery store;at least at that time it was truly upscale.it was a store called draeger's.now this store, it was almost like going to an amusement park.they had 250 different kinds of mustards and vinegars and over 500 different kinds of fruits and vegetables and more than two dozen different kinds of bottled water--and this was during a time when we actually used to drink tap water.i used to love going to this store, but on one occasion i asked myself, well how come you never buy anything? here's their olive oil aisle.they had over 75 different kinds of olive oil, including those that were in a locked case that came from thousand-year-old olive trees.so i one day decided to pay a visit to the manager, and i asked the manager, “is this model of offering people all this choice really working?” and he pointed to the busloads of tourists that would show up everyday, with cameras ready usually.we decided to do a little experiment, and we picked jam for our experiment.here's their jam aisle.they had 348 different kinds of jam.we set up a little tasting booth right near the entrance of the store.we there put out six different flavors of jam or 24 different flavors of jam, and we looked at two things: first, in which case were people more likely to stop, sample some jam? more people stopped when there were 24, about 60 percent, than when there were six, about 40 percent.the next thing we looked at is in which case were people more likely to buy a jar of jam.now we see the opposite effect.of the people who stopped when there were 24, only three percent of them actually bought a jar of jam.of the people who stopped when there were six, well now we saw that 30 percent of them actually bought a jar of jam.now if you do the math, people were at least six times more likely to buy a jar of jam if they encountered six than if they encountered 24.now choosing not to buy a jar of jam is probably good for us--at least it's good for our waistlines--but it turns out that this choice overload problem affects us even in very consequential decisions.we choose not to choose, even when it goes against our best self-interests.so now for the topic of today: financial savings.now i'm going to describe to you a study i did with gur huberman, emir kamenica, wei jang where we looked at the retirement savings decisions of nearly a million americans from about 650 plans all in the and what we looked at was whether the number of fund offerings available in a retirement savings plan, the 401(k)plan, does that affect people's likelihood to save more for tomorrow.and what we found was that indeed there was a correlation.so in these plans, we had about 657 plans that ranged from offering people anywhere from two to 59 different fund offerings.and what we found was that, the more funds offered, indeed, there was less participation rate.so if you look at the extremes, those plans that offered you two funds, participation rates were around in the mid-70s--still not as high as we want it to be.in those plans that offered nearly 60 funds, participation rates have now dropped to about the 60th percentile.now it turns out that even if you do choose to participate when there are more choices present, even then, it has negative consequences.so for those people who did choose to participate, the more choices available, the more likely people were to completely avoid stocks or equity funds.the more choices available, the more likely they were to put all their money in pure money market accounts.now neither of these extreme decisions are the kinds of decisions that any of us would recommend for people when you're considering their future financial well-being.well, over the past decade, we have observed three main negative consequences to offering people more and more choices.they're more likely to delay choosing--procrastinate even when it goes against their best self-interest.they're more likely to make worse choices--worse financial choices, medical choices.they're more likely to choose things that make them less satisfied, even when they do objectively better.the main reason for this is because, we might enjoy gazing at those giant walls of mayonnaises, mustards, vinegars, jams, but we can't actually do the math of comparing and contrasting and actually picking from that stunning display.so what i want to propose to you today are four simple techniques--techniques that we have tested in one way or another in different research venues--that you can easily apply in your businesses.the first: cut.you've heard it said before, but it's never been more true than today, that less is more.people are always upset when i say, “cut.” they're always worried they're going to lose shelf space.but in fact, what we're seeing more and more is that if you are willing to cut, get rid of those extraneous redundant options, well there's an increase in sales, there's a lowering of costs, there is an improvement of the choosing experience.when proctor & gamble went from 26 different kinds of head & shoulders to 15, they saw an increase in sales by 10 percent.when the golden cat corporation got rid of their 10 worst-selling cat litter products, they saw an increase in profits by 87 percent--a function of both increase in sales and lowering of costs.you know, the average grocery store today offers you 45,000 products.the typical walmart today offers you 100,000 products.but the ninth largest retailer, the ninth biggest retailer in the world today is aldi, and it offers you only 1,400 products--one kind of canned tomato sauce.now in the financial savings world, i think one of the best examples that has recently come out on how to best manage the choice offerings has actually been something that david laibson was heavily involved in designing, which was the program that they have at harvard.every single harvard employee is now automatically enrolled in a lifecycle fund.for those people who actually want to choose, they're given 20 funds, not 300 or more funds.you know, often, people say, “i don't know how to cut.they're all important choices.” and the first thing i do is i ask the employees, “tell me how these choices are different from one another.and if your employees can't tell them apart, neither can your consumers.”
now before we started our session this afternoon, i had a chat with gary.and gary said that he would be willing to offer people in this audience an all-expenses-paid free vacation to the most beautiful road in the world.here's a description of the road.and i'd like you to read it.and now i'll give you a few seconds to read it and then i want you to clap your hands if you're ready to take gary up on his offer.(light clapping)okay.anybody who's ready to take him up on his offer.is that all? all right, let me show you some more about this.(laughter)you guys knew there was a trick, didn't you.(honk)now who's ready to go on this trip.(applause)(laughter)i think i might have actually heard more hands.all right.now in fact, you had objectively more information the first time around than the second time around, but i would venture to guess that you felt that it was more real the second time around.because the pictures made it feel more real to you.which brings me to the second technique for handling the choice overload problem, which is concretization.that in order for people to understand the differences between the choices, they have to be able to understand the consequences associated with each choice, and that the consequences need to be felt in a vivid sort of way, in a very concrete way.why do people spend an average of 15 to 30 percent more when they use an atm card or a credit card as opposed to cash? because it doesn't feel like real money.and it turns out that making it feel more concrete can actually be a very positive tool to use in getting people to save more.so a study that i did with shlomo benartzi and alessandro previtero, we did a study with people at ing--employees that are all working at ing--and now these people were all in a session where they're doing enrollment for their 401(k)plan.and during that session, we kept the session exactly the way it used to be, but we added one little thing.the one little thing we added was we asked people to just think about all the positive things that would happen in your life if you saved more.by doing that simple thing, there was an increase in enrollment by 20 percent and there was an increase in the amount of people willing to save or the amount that they were willing to put down into their savings account by four percent.the third technique: categorization.we can handle more categories than we can handle choices.so for example, here's a study we did in a magazine aisle.it turns out that in wegmans grocery stores up and down the northeast corridor, the magazine aisles range anywhere from 331 different kinds of magazines all the way up to 664.but you know what? if i show you 600 magazines and i divide them up into 10 categories, versus i show you 400 magazines and divide them up into 20 categories, you believe that i have given you more choice and a better choosing experience if i gave you the 400 than if i gave you the 600.because the categories tell me how to tell them apart.here are two different jewelry displays.one is called “jazz” and the other one is called “swing.” if you think the display on the left is swing and the display on the right is jazz, clap your hands.(light clapping)okay, there's some.if you think the one on the left is jazz and the one on the right is swing, clap your hands.okay, a bit more.now it turns out you're right.the one on the left is jazz and the one on the right is swing, but you know what? this is a highly useless categorization scheme.(laughter)the categories need to say something to the chooser, not the choice-maker.and you often see that problem when it comes down to those long lists of all these funds.who are they actually supposed to be informing?
my fourth technique: condition for complexity.it turns out we can actually handle a lot more information than we think we can, we've just got to take it a little easier.we have to gradually increase the complexity.i'm going to show you one example of what i'm talking about.let's take a very, very complicated decision: buying a car.here's a german car manufacturer that gives you the opportunity to completely custom make your car.you've got to make 60 different decisions, completely make up your car.now these decisions vary in the number of choices that they offer per decision.car colors, exterior car colors--i've got 56 choices.engines, gearshift--four choices.so now what i'm going to do is i'm going to vary the order in which these decisions appear.so half of the customers are going to go from high choice, 56 car colors, to low choice, four gearshifts.the other half of the customers are going to go from low choice, four gearshifts, to 56 car colors, high choice.what am i going to look at? how engaged you are.if you keep hitting the default button per decision, that means you're getting overwhelmed, that means i'm losing you.what you find is the people who go from high choice to low choice, they're hitting that default button over and over and over again.we're losing them.they go from low choice to high choice, they're hanging in there.it's the same information.it's the same number of choices.the only thing that i have done is i have varied the order in which that information is presented.if i start you off easy, i learn how to choose.even though choosing gearshift doesn't tell me anything about my preferences for interior decor, it still prepares me for how to choose.it also gets me excited about this big product that i'm putting together, so i'm more willing to be motivated to be engaged.so let me recap.i have talked about four techniques for mitigating the problem of choice overload--cut--get rid of the extraneous alternatives;concretize--make it real;categorize--we can handle more categories, less choices;condition for complexity.all of these techniques that i'm describing to you today are designed to help you manage your choices--better for you, you can use them on yourself, better for the people that you are serving.because i believe that the key to getting the most from choice is to be choosy about choosing.and the more we're able to be choosy about choosing the better we will be able to practice the art of choosing.thank you very much.(applause)
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