第一篇:新视野大学英语读写教程unit6-10单元句子翻译(北方工业大学)
Unit6
1.就像机器需要经常运转一样,身体也需要经常锻炼。
(Just)as a machine needs regular running, so does the body need regular exercise.2.在美国学习时,他学会了弹钢琴。
He learned to play the piano while studying in the United States.3.令我们失望的是,他拒绝了我的邀请。
To our disappointment, he turned down our invitation.4.真实情况是,不管是好是坏,随着新科技的进步,世界发生了变化。
The reality is that, for better or worse, the world has changed with advance of new technologies.5.我班里大多数女生在被要求回答问题时都似乎感到不自在。
Most of the female students in my class appear to be ill at ease when(they are)required to answer questions.6.当地政府负责运动会的安全。
The local government took charge of the security for the sports meeting.Unit7
1.在会上,除了其他事情,他们还讨论了目前的经济形势。
At the meeting they discussed, among other things, the present economic situation.2.我对大自然了解得越多,就越痴迷于大自然的奥秘。
The more I learned about the nature,the more absorbed I became in its mystery.3.医生建议说,有压力的人要学会做一些新鲜有趣、富有挑战性的事情,好让自己的负面情绪有发泄的渠道。
The doctor recommends that those stressed people should try something new,interesting and challenging in order to give their negative feelings an outlet.4.那个学生的成绩差,但老师给他布置了更多的作业,而不是减少作业量。
The teacher gives more homework to the student who has bad grades instead of cutting it down.5.相比之下,美国的父母更趋向于把孩子的成功归因于天赋。
By contrast,American parents are more likely to attribute their children's success to natural talent.6.教师首先要考虑的事情之一是唤起学生的兴趣,激发他们的创造性。
One of a teacher's priorities is to stimulate students' interests and their creativity.Unit8
1.她一点也不知道这幅画有一天居然会价值100多万美金。
Little did she know that this picture would one day be worth more than a million dollars.2.虽然我理解你说的话,但是我不同意你在这个问题上的看法。
While I understand what you say, I don’t agree with you on the issue.3.我认为警察的职责就是保护人民。
I think the police are meant to protect people.4.昨天我去看他,却发现他已于几天前出国了。
I went to see him yesterday, only to find that he had gone abroad several days before.5.在每周例会上,每个人的发言都不能偏离会议议题。
At the weekly meeting, everyone must confine their remarks to the subject.6.要是我没说那些愚蠢的话该多好啊!那时我太年轻,不能明辨是非。
If only I hadn’t said those silly words!I was too young then to distinguish right from wrong.Unit9
1.我确信自己一定会有出息,即使至今我还没做出大的成绩。
I am sure that I will make something of myself, even though I have not achieved any major success so far.2.我这么多年来如此努力,我觉得自己应该有个好的前途。
I have been working hard for so many years;I feel I am entitled to a good future.3.当她丈夫离她而去,只留给她生活的残局去收拾时,她的心智失常了。
When her husband deserted her, leaving her with nothing but scattered pieces of life to pick up, she went insane.4.从我的立场看,母亲当时过于严厉,并没有顾及我的感受。
From my standpoint, Mother was too hard on me then, without taking my feelings into account.5.当我登上事业的顶峰时,常萦绕在我心头的是母亲说过的话:“面对生活,不放弃。”I reached the summit of my professional career, mother's words “Never be a quitter in face of life” were constantly in my mind.6.你应该知道的,不能在大街上踢足球。
You should know better than to play football in the street.Unit10
1.整个事情我记得清清楚楚,就好像是昨天发生的一样。
I remember the whole thing clearly as though it had happened yesterday.2.他们中哪个文章写得最好,哪个就获奖。
Whichever of them writes the best essay will win the prize.3.事实证明,那次预算为一年后工资上调做好了准备。
It turned out that the budget provided for a salary increase one year later.4.日复一日,年复一年,她做着同样的工作,但从不抱怨。
She did the same job day after day and year after year, but she never complained.5.途中她忍受了种种艰难困苦;但什么都不能阻止她寻找失散的女儿。
She endured all kinds of hardships on the journey;nothing could keep her from finding her lost daughter.6.别跟那帮人混在一起。他们在光天化日之下干了很多坏事。
Don't get mixed up with that gang.They have committed many bad things in broad daylight.
第二篇:新视野大学英语读写教程2句子翻译
Unit 1
1.她连水都不愿意喝一口,更别提留下来吃饭了。(much less)She wouldn’t take a drink, much less would she stay for dinner 2.他认为我在对他说谎,但实际上我讲的是真话。(whereas)He thought I was lying to him, whereas I was telling the truth.3.这个星期你每天都迟到,对此你怎么解释?(account for)
How do you account for the fact that you have been late every day this week? 4.他们利润增长的部分原因是采用了新的市场策略。(due to)The increase in their profits is due partly to their new market strategy.5.这样的措施很可能会带来工作效率的提高。(result in)
Such measures are likely to result in the improvement of work efficiency.6.我们已经在这个项目上投入了大量的时间和精力,所以我们只能继续。(pour into)
We have already poured a lot of time and energy into the project, so we have to carry on.Unit 2
1.尽管她是家里的独生女,他父母从不溺爱她。(despite)
Despite the fact that she is the only child in her family, she is never babied by her parents.2.麦克没来参加昨晚的聚会,也没给我打电话作任何解释。
Mike didn’t come to the party last night, nor did he call me to give an explanation.3. 坐在他旁边的人确实发表过一些小说,但绝对不是什么大家。(next to;by no means)
The person sitting next to him did publish some novels, but he is by no means a great writer.4.他对足球不感兴趣,也从不关心谁输谁赢。(be indifferent to)
He has no interest in football and is indifferent to who wins or loses.5.经理需要一个可信赖的助手,在他外出时,由相互收负责处理问题。(count to)The manager needs an assistant that he can count on to take care of problems in his absence.6.这是他第一次当着那么多观众演讲。(in the presence of sb)
This is the first time that he has made a speech in the presence of so large an audience.Unit 3 1.你再怎么有经验也得学习新技术。(never too 〃〃〃to)
You are never too experienced to learn new techniques.2.还存在一个问题那就是派谁去带领那里的研究工作。There remains one problem, namely, who should be sent to head the research there.3.由于文化不同,他们的关系在开始确实遇到一些困难。
Their relationship did meet with some difficulty at the beginning because of cultural differences.4 虽然他经历沉浮,但我始终相信他总有一天会成功。
Though he has had ups and downs, I believed all along that he would succeed someday.5.我对你的说法的真实性有些保留看法
I have some reservations about the truth of your claim.6.她长的并不是特别高,但是她身材瘦,给人一种个子高的错觉
She isn't particularly tall, but her slim figure gives an illusion of height.Unit 4
1.有朋自远方来,不亦乐乎?
It is a great pleasure to meet friends from afar.2.不管黑猫白猫,能抓住老鼠就是好猫。
It doesn't matter whether the cat is black or white as long as it catches mice.3你必须明天上午十点之前把那笔钱给我。
You must let me have the money back without fail by ten o'clock tomorrow morning.4 请允许我参加这个项目,我对这个项目非常感兴趣。
Allow me to take part in this project: I am more than a little interested in it 5.人人都知道他比较特殊,他来去随意。
Everyone knows that he is special: He is free to come and go as he pleases.6 看她脸上不悦的神色,我觉得她似乎有什么话想跟我说。
Watching the unhappy look on her face, I felt as though she wished to say something to me.Unit 5
1.他说话很自信,给我留下了很深的印象
He spoke confidently, which impressed me most.2.我父亲太爱忘事,总是在找钥匙。
My father is so forgetful that he is always looking for his keys.3.我十分感激你给我的帮助。
I'm very grateful to you for all the help you have given me.4.光线不足加上地面潮湿,使得驾驶十分困难
The bad light, coupled with the wet ground, made driving very difficult.5.由于缺乏资金,他们不得不取消了创业计划。
Being starved of funds, they had to cancel their plan to start a business.6.每当有课麻烦,他们总是依靠我们。
They always lean on us whenever they are in trouble.Unit 6
1.就像机器需要经常运转一样,身体也需要经常锻炼。
(Just)as a machine needs regular running, so does the body need regular exercise.2.在美国学习时,他学会了弹钢琴。
He learned to play the piano while studying in the United States.3.令我们失望的是,他拒绝了我们的邀请。
To our disappointment, he turned down our invitation.4.真实情况是,不管是好是坏,随着高科技的进步,世界发生了变化。
The reality is that, for better or worse, the world has changed with advance of new technologies.5.我班里的大多数女生在被要求回答问题时都似乎感到不自在。
Most of the female students in my class appear to be ill at ease when(they are)required to answer questions.6.当地政府负责运动会的安全。
The local government took charge of the security for the sports meeting.Unit 7
1.在会上,除了其他事情,他们还讨论了目前的经济形势。
At the meeting they discussed, among other things, the present economic situation.2 我对大自然了解得越多,就越痴迷于大自然的奥秘。
The more I learned about the nature, the more absorbed I became in its mystery.3 医生建议说,有压力的人应该学会做一些新鲜有趣、富有挑战性的事情,好让自己的负面情绪有发泄的渠道
The doctor recommends that those stressed people should try something new, interesting and challenging in order to give their negative feelings an outlet.3.那个学生的成绩差,但老师给他布置了更多的作业,而不是减少作业量。
The teacher gives more homework to the student who has bad grades instead of cutting it down.5.相比之下,美国的父母更趋向于把孩子的成功归因于天赋。
By contrast, American parents are more likely to attribute their children's success to natural talent.6.教师首相要考虑的事情之一是唤起学生的兴趣,激发他们的创造性。
One of a teacher's priorities is to stimulate students' interests and their creativity.Unit 8
1.她一点也不知道这幅画有一天居然会价值一百多万美元。
Little did she know that this picture would one day be worth more than a million dollars.2.虽然我理解你说的话,但是我不同意你在这个问题上的看法。
While I understand what you say, I don’t agree with you on the issue.3.我认为警察的职责就是保护人民。
I think the police are meant to protect people.4.昨天我去看她,却发现他于几天前出国了。
I went to see him yesterday, only to find that he had gone abroad several days before.5.在每周例会上,每个人的发言都不能偏离会议议题。
At the weekly meeting, everyone must confine their remarks to the subject.6.要是我没说那些愚蠢的话该多好啊,那时我太年轻,不能明辨是非。
If only I hadn’t said those silly words!I was too young then to distinguish right from wrong.Unit 9
1.我确信自己一定会有出息,即使至今我还没有做出更大的成绩。
I am sure that I will make something of myself, even though I have not achieved any major success so far.2.这么多年如此努力,我觉得自己应该有个号的前途。
I have been working hard for so many years;I feel I am entitled to a good future.3.当她丈夫离她而去只留给她生活的残局去收拾时,她的心智失常了。
When her husband deserted her, leaving her with nothing but scattered pieces of life to pick up, she went insane.4.从我的立场来看,母亲当时过于严厉,并没有顾及我的感受。
From my standpoint, Mother was too hard on me then, without taking my feelings into account.5.当我登上事业的顶峰时,常萦绕在我心头的是母亲说过的话:“面对生活,不放弃”
When I reached the summit of my professional career, mother's words “Never be a quitter in face of life” were constantly in my mind.6.你应该知道不能在大街上踢球。
You should know better than to play football in the street.Unit 10
1.整个事情我记得清清楚楚,就好像是昨天发生的一样。
I remember the whole thing clearly as though it had happened yesterday.2.他们中哪个文章写得最好,哪个就获奖。
Whichever of them writes the best essay will win the prize.3.事实证明,那次预算为一年后工资上调做好了准备。
It turned out that the budget provided for a salary increase one year later.4.日复一日,年复一年,她做着同样的工作,但从不抱怨。
She did the same job day after day and year after year, but she never complained.5.途中她忍受了种种艰难困苦;但什么都不能阻止她寻找失散的女儿。
She endured all kinds of hardships on the journey;nothing could keep her from finding her lost daughter.6.别跟那帮人混在一起,他们光天化日之下做了很多坏事。
Don't get mixed up with that gang.They have committed many bad things in broad daylight.
第三篇:新视野大学英语第二册读写教程课文翻译
新视野大学英语二级读写教程翻译(第一版)
Unit 1 时间观念强的美国人
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美国人认为没有人会停止不前。如果你不求进取,就会落伍。这种态度造就了一个决心投身于研究、实验和探索的民族。时间是美国人注意节约的两个要素之一,另一个则是工作。人们一直在说: “只有时间才能支配我们。” 人们似乎是把时间当作一个差不多是实实在在的东西来对待的。我们安排时间、节约时间、浪费时间、挤抢时间、消磨时间、缩减时间、对时间的使用作出解释;我们还要因时间而收取费用。时间是一种宝贵的资源。许多人都深感人生的短暂。一旦人生的光阴逝去,就不能复返了。我们应当让每一分钟都过得有意义。
外国人对美国的第一印象很可能就是:每个人都显得匆匆忙忙—常常是处于压力之下。城里人看上去总是在匆匆地赶往他们要去的地方,在商店里他们焦躁不安地指望店员能马上来为他们服务,或者为了想赶快买完东西,用肘来推搡他人。白天人人都急急忙忙地吃饭则部分地体现了这个国家的生活节奏。工作时间被认为是宝贵的。在公共用餐场所,人们等着别人吃完,这样可以轮到他们,以按时赶回去工作。你还会发现汽车司机开车很鲁莽, 人们推搡着在你身边过去。你会怀念微笑、简短的交谈及与陌生人的随意闲聊。不要觉得 这是针对你个人的,这是因为人们非常珍惜时间,而且也不喜欢他人不得当地“浪费”时间。
许多刚到美国的人会怀念诸如商务拜访等场合开始时的寒喧。他们也会怀念那种喝着招待客人的茶或咖啡的礼节性交往, 这也许是他们自己国家的一种习俗。他们也许还会想念在饭店或咖啡馆里谈生意时的那种轻松悠闲的交谈。一般说来,美国人是不会在如此轻松的环境里通过长时间的闲聊来评估他们的客人的,更不用说他们会在增进相互间信任的过程中带他们出去吃饭,或带他们去高尔夫球场。既然我们通常是通过工作而不是社交来评估和了解他人的,我们就开门见山地谈生意。因此时间老是在我们的耳朵里嘀嗒嘀嗒地响着。因而我们千方百计地节约时间。我们发明了一系列节省劳力的装置;我们通过发传真、打电话或发电子邮件与他人迅速地进行交流, 而不是通过直接接触。虽然面对面接触令人愉快,但却要化更多的时间, 尤其是在马路上交通拥挤时。因此我们把大多数个人间的拜访放在下班以后的时间里或周末的社交聚会上进行。
就我们而言,电子交流的缺乏人情味与我们手头上事情的重要性之间很少有或完全没有关系。在有些国家里, 没有当面接触就做不成大生意, 需要面对面的交谈。在美国,最后协议通常也需要本人签字。然而现在人们越来越多的是在电视屏幕上见面,开电信会议不仅能解决本国的问题,而且还能— 通过卫星—解决国与国之间的问题。美国无疑是一个电话王国。几乎每个人都在用电话做生意、与朋友聊天、安排或取消社交约会、说声 “谢谢”、购物、或去获得各种信息。电话不但能免去你的走路之劳,而且还能为你节约大量时间。其部分原因在于这样一个事实:美国的电话服务是一流的,而邮政服务的效率则差劲多了。有些初来美国的人很可能来自其它的文化背景,在那里人们认为工作太快是一种失礼。在他们看来,如果不是花一定时间来处理某件事的话,则这件事就好像是无足轻重的,不值得给予适当的重视。因此,人们觉得用的时间长会增加所做事情的重要性。但在美国,能迅速而又成功地解决问题或完成工作,则被视为是有水平、有能力的标志。通常,工作越重要,投入的资金、精力和注意力就越多,其目的是 “使工作开展起来”。
UNIT2 世界各地的环境保护
--------世界上大部分地区不存在环保意识。绝大多数国家只顾经济发展,而不顾经济发展对全球生态环境的影响。但近年来,随着环境损害的日益严重,世界各地已经出现了许多变化的迹象。下面就是几个正在采取环境保护新举措的国家的例子。
加拿大
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当欧洲的探险者刚踏上新大陆时,后来成为加拿大东部和新英格兰的沿海渔场盛产鳕鱼及其他鱼类。号称大浅滩的海域是当时世界上产鱼最多的渔场。
500年以后的今天,过度捕捞已使鱼的数量减少到危险的程度。针对这一情况,加拿大关闭了这一捕鳕海域,并对其他鱼类的捕捞量也作出严格限制。
加拿大在20世纪70年代也曾采过取类似措施来保护鲱鱼的数量,最终鲱鱼的数量得到了恢复。但是专家们说,由于时下的滥捕,某些鱼类可能永远也恢复不到原来的数量了。政府也面临着来自加拿大渔民的抗议。因为禁渔和捕鱼数量的减少,现在己有大约4万渔民失业。
哥斯达黎加
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这个中美洲国家为保护其热带雨林的生态多样性,已制订出世界上最为雄心勃勃的的规划之一。这个国家许多地区的树木已被砍伐殆尽,而且土地流失范围十分广。但是人们制订了一系列新的环境保护法,还新建了占四分之一国土面积的公园和自然保护区,目的是要保护哥斯达黎加现存的森林。巴西
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巴西是全世界最大的热带丛林-亚马逊雨林的生长地。几十年来,巴西政府一直在致力于开拓和开发亚马逊雨林,给这个地区及其居民带来了严重的环境灾难。
但在1991年,在世界各地环境保护者的压力下,巴西彻底改弦更张。它取消了原本旨在鼓励砍伐亚马逊雨林的税收优惠,而且还批准了给新的森林保护项目提供资金的计划。
养牛场场主、矿工和移民们反对这个措施,继续破坏森林, 虽然破坏速度比过去已放慢。去年,矿工们为了争夺印第安人的土地而杀死了一群居住在亚马逊雨林里的印第安人后,冲突扩大了。巴西政府承诺,将保护该地区的土著居民,但人们对这个承诺的可信度仍心存疑虑。
东欧
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东欧各国,包括波兰、匈牙利、捷克和斯洛伐克共和国,被认为是世界上工业化国家中污染最严重的。开挖煤矿时逸出的重金属已经污染了这个地区的许多水域。河流、土地及森林的污染是如此严重,以至现在其中的许多在生物学上来讲已经死亡。
通过签订一系列专门性条约,东欧国家已与许多其它国家,包括美国,设立了用来净化环境和改善该地区发电厂的特别基金。此外,德国和捷克共和国已签订了一项条约以保护易北河,使之不再进一步被污染。专家们说该条约可被视为保护该地区其它河流,包括奥德河和多瑙河在内,的典范。
加纳
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加纳的人口一直在以每年3.2%的速度增长。这种人口激增已导致了该国许多地方森林的消失及对现存农田过度耕作。森林正在以每年278平方英里的速度被砍伐。
针对这一情况,政府鼓励当地村庄建立更多的共有农田。为恢复荒地的地力,它资助人们种植诸如木薯、玉米、棉花之类的经济作物和植树造林。观察家们称该计划已成功地巩固了该国的农业基础,而且还给村民们带来了新的财源。但是要知道这些措施是否会产生足够的影响来减缓砍伐森林的速度,尚须时日。印度尼西亚
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印度尼西亚人传统上偏爱大家庭,他们的主要宗教伊斯兰教不赞成节制生育。但是这个人口达1.88亿的国家正在为了给其人民提供足够的食物、住房和工作机会而苦苦挣扎。印尼政府近几年来已发动了一场大规模的广告宣传运动来鼓励节制生育,并提出了鼓励措施,如提供免费去沙特阿拉伯的麦加-伊斯兰教的诞生地-的机会。
印尼政府已成功地扩大了实行节制生育的范围,节育人口已从20年前的10%增加到今天的49%。其结果是每个妇女从平均生育5.6个孩子下降到平均生育3个。印尼政府希望到2005年的时候,每个妇女的平均生育数可下降到2.1个。但是因为该国的人口基数十分大,要想达到政府的人口目标,印尼还必须再转变几百万人的思想,让他们接受节制生育的观念。
UNIT3 跨国婚姻
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我和盖尔计划举行一个不事张扬的婚礼。在一起相处的两年中,我们经历了一对情侣在学着相互了解、理解和尊重时常常出现的磕磕碰碰。但在这整整两年间,我们坦诚地面对了彼此性格中的弱点和长处。
我们之间的种族及文化差异不但增强了我们的关系,还教会了我们彼此间要宽容、谅解和开诚布公。盖尔有时不明白为何我和其他黑人如此热衷于种族问题,她好像忘记了美国社会中种族仇恨更加微妙的表现形式,这一点令我感到惊讶。
作为一对居住在美国、异族通婚的夫妻,我和盖尔对未来不抱丝毫幻想。相互信任和尊重是我们俩永不枯竭的力量源泉。
许多夫妻因为错误的理由结了婚, 结果在10年、20年或30年后才发觉他们原来是合不来的,他们在婚前几乎没有化时间去了解彼此,他们忽视了严重的性格差异,指望婚姻会自然而然地解决各种问题。我们希望避免重蹈复辙。下列事实强调了这样一点:已经结婚35年的盖尔父母正经历着一场充满怨恨、令人痛苦的婚变,这件事给了盖尔以毁灭性的打击, 并一度给我们正处于萌芽状态的关系带来了负面的影响。
当盖尔把我们计划举办婚礼的消息告诉她家人时,她遇到了一些阻力。她的母亲德博拉过去一直赞成我们的关系,甚至还开过玩笑,问我们打算何时结婚,这样她就可以抱外孙了。但这次听到我们的消息时,她没向我们表示祝贺,相反却劝盖尔想想清楚自己的决定是否正确。
“这么说我跟他约会没错, 但是如果我跟他结婚,就错了。妈妈,是不是因为他的肤色?” 盖尔后来告诉我她曾这样问她母亲。
“首先我必须承认, 刚开始时我对异族通婚是有保留的,也许你甚至可以把这称为偏见。但是当我见到马克时,我发现他是一个既讨人喜欢又聪明的年轻人。任何一个母亲都会因为有这样一个女婿而感到脸上有光的。所以,这事跟肤色没有关系。是的, 我的朋友们会有闲话。有些朋友甚至对你所做的事表示震惊。但他们是生活在一个和我们不同的世界里的人。因此要明白,马克的肤色不是个问题。我最大的担心的是你也许跟我当初嫁给你爸爸一样,是因为错误的原因而嫁给马克的。当年我和你爸爸相遇时,我也把他看作是个可爱、聪明、讨人喜欢和善解人意的人。一切都是多么新鲜、多么令人兴奋。而且我们俩人都认为-至少在表面上是如此-我们的婚姻是理想婚姻,而且一切迹象都表明是会天长地久的。直到后来我才明白,在我们结婚时,我并不十分理解我所爱的人-你的爸爸。” “但是我和马克呆在一起已有2年多了,” 盖尔抱怨道。“我们俩一起经历了许许多多的事情。我们彼此已很多次看到对方最糟糕的一面。我可以肯定时间只会证明我们是彼此深情相爱的。”
“你也许是对的。但我还是认为再等一段时间有好处。你今年才25岁。”
盖尔的父亲戴维-我还未见过他的面-以知女莫若父的态度来对付我们的决定。他问的问题基本上和盖尔母亲的问题相同: “干吗这么匆忙?这个马克是什么人?他是什么公民身份?” 当他得知我在公民身份部门遇到的问题时, 就怀疑我是因为想留在美国而娶他的女儿的。
“不过爸爸,你这话讲得太难听了,” 盖尔说。
“那么干吗要这样着急?拖一段时间再说,拖一段时间再说,” 他重复说着。
“马克以前是有过公民身份方面的问题,但他总是在自己处理这些问题,” 盖尔辩解道。“ 事实上,当我们在讨论结婚的时候,他清楚地表明了这样一点:如果我对任何事情有怀疑, 我完全可以取消我们的计划。”
她的父亲开始引用统计数据说明异族通婚的夫妻离婚率比同族结婚的夫妻要高,而且还列举了接受过他咨询的、在婚姻上有麻烦的异族通婚夫妇的例子。
他问道:“你考虑过你以后的孩子可能会遭受的苦难吗?”
“爸,你是个种族主义分子吗?”
“不,当然不是。但你必须得现实一点。”
“也许我们的孩子会遇到一些问题。但谁的孩子不会呢? 但是有一样东西他们将会永远拥有:我们的爱和奉献。”
“那是一种理想主义的想法。人们对异族通婚生下的孩子是会很残酷的。”
“爸爸,到时候,我们自己会操心的。但是假如我们在做什么事之前,必须把所有的疑难问题全部解决的话,那么我们几乎就什么都干不成了。”
“请记住,回心转意是永远不会太迟的。”
UNIT4 到国外求学
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选择去美国完成中学学业的巴西青年所面临的挑战。
830号班机。起飞时间:晚上十时四十五分。
乍一看,这不过是又一架飞往加州洛杉矶市的普通班机。然而对于飞机上的38个年龄在15到18岁之间的年轻乘客来说,这是一次全新经历的开始: 他们将远离家人去国外留学,度过他们生命中的10个月。美国平均每年要接待78,000名中学学历程度的外国学生,其中3,000个来自巴西。他们都是因为同样的原因赴美的--学会流利的英语、完成中学学业以及尽可能了解有关美国生活方式的方方面面。在每个学期结束时,只要这些学生能通过期末考试,美国当局就会向他们颁发证书,巴西是承认这种证书的。
对大多数学生来说,至少要经过6个月的精心筹划才能作出到国外学习的决定。“对我来说,” 17岁的格洛里亚·马卡托说: “学会讲英语及体验这种经历比从美国政府那里拿到一张证书更为重要。” 其他人则向往能继续上大学。桑德罗·罗德里戈·德·巴洛斯明确表示: “我想做一名音乐指挥家,而且我已经选择好了美国最好的音乐学院。”
正如他们所说的那样,事情并不总是那么顺利。甚至那些计划在美国完成两个学期中学课程的年轻学生也很难找到接待家庭。很少有学生在到达这个国家时,就把一切细节都安排妥贴了的。格洛里亚·马卡托是其中的一个幸运者。在出国前,她收到了2封信及几张她的新“父母”的照片。格洛里亚说: “我认为一切都取决于你怎样回答巴西这边的海外留学公司寄给你的问卷调查。举个例子说吧, 我是不惜纸墨的。我甚至描写了我的四条狗,还说我每个星期天都去做礼拜。” 她达到了目的。美国人笃信宗教(绝大多数美国人都是基督教徒), 而且宠物在他们心里占有特殊的地位。虽然可以减免一小部分所得税, 接待海外留学生的美国家庭是不向学生收钱的。
每个孩子的个人用品、娱乐、长途电话及衣服都得自己掏钱。每个月的这些费用加起来就要 200 到 300 美元。怕万一生病,每个学生都得办一张医疗帮助卡。健康保险不包括艾滋病、人工流产和自杀后的治疗,也不支付治疗牙齿和配眼镜的费用。
事实上,大多数学生在离家时,都知道他们将在没有原来所习惯了的父母照顾的情况下自己生活, 学会自己照料自己。然而,他们没有人会独自整理行装。父母们一直在给他们出主意,甚至帮他们装箱打包。这些小青年在做这类事的时候常常显得缺乏实践经验。他们带了许多不必要的东西。一个来自巴西南部的学生把2个大箱子塞得满满的,此外,还得考虑她随身携带的行李。结果她无法一个人带着这么多东西踏上旅途。
对许多学生来说,在机场与亲友告别是他们最难受的时候。即使朋友们及家人支持他们出国留学, 但在此时此刻说声再见却是很困难的。帕特里夏·卡格利恩说: “抛下你所爱的人,特别是男朋友, 是很不容易的。我在飞机起飞的时候哭了,到了飞机上还在哭。”
学生们在等待美国国内班机把他们带到在美国的临时家庭时又紧张了一阵。从那以后,每个人都得自己照料自己了。没有人真正知道自己该如何去适应这新的环境。虽然大多数外国学生将留在加利福尼亚州,但也有人要被送往德克萨斯、亚利桑那、爱达荷、俄克拉荷马及弗吉尼亚等州去。
几天以后,普遍的抱怨就是食物了。“虽然我的适应能力很强,可我真的很想念米饭和豆类菜肴。这里的食物看上去不太有营养。” 费尔南多·安德雷德哀怨地说。大多数年轻人遇到的另一个大问题,就是他们远在他乡、倍思亲人。
留学计划中有一条与时间有关的重要规定,这是由接待家庭的 “父母” 制定的。根据这条规定, 这些十几岁的孩子们在周末晚上必须回家。“他们真的很严格吶,” 刚学完第一学期的朱莉安娜·马蒂尼说。“你必须在晚上十点半以前到家。如果做不到,就会受罚。”
刚到美国时, 有些孩子对英语几乎一窍不通。在这种情况下,唯一的解决方法就是请私人语言教师。这样就增加了留学的费用,加上飞机票,估计费用大约为3,800 美元。
UNIT5 我为女儿抽烟哭泣
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我的女儿会抽烟。她做家庭作业时,脚搁在前面的长凳上,计算机嗒嗒地跳出几何题的答案。我看着那包已抽了一半、她随意扔在紧靠手边处的骆驼牌香烟。我拿起香烟,走到厨房里去仔细察看,那里的光线好一点--谢天谢地,那是有过滤嘴的。可我心里却感到十分难过。我想哭。事实上,站在厨房煤气灶旁边, 我确实哭过。我手里捏着一支雪白雪白的香烟,制作得非常精致。那可是会致我女儿于死地的东西啊。当她抽“万宝路”及“运动员”牌香烟时,我硬起心肠, 不让自己感到难过。我认识的人当中没有那个抽过这两种牌子的香烟。
她不知道我父亲、也就是她外公生前抽的就是骆驼牌香烟。但是在他开始抽机制卷烟之前--那时他很年轻、也很穷,但眼睛炯炯有神--他抽的是用阿尔伯特亲王牌烟丝自己手工卷制的香烟。我还记得那鲜红的烟丝罐头,上面有一张维多利亚女王的丈夫阿尔伯特亲王身穿黑色燕尾服、手拿一支手杖的图片。
到40年代末、50年代初,我的家乡乔治亚州的伊顿镇上已没有人再自己手工制作卷烟了(而且几乎没有女人抽烟)。烟草业,再加上好来坞电影--影 片中的男女主角都是老烟鬼--把像我父亲那样的人完完全全争取了过去, 他们无可救药地抽烟上了瘾。然而我父亲看上去从来就没有像阿尔伯特亲王那样时髦。他还是一个贫穷、过于肥胖、为养活一大家人而拼命干活的男人。他浑身漆黑,嘴里却总叼着一支雪白的香烟。
我记不清父亲是什么时候开始咳嗽的, 也许开始时并不明显, 他早晨一下床点燃第一支香烟时才有点微咳。到我16岁, 也就是我女儿现在这般年龄时,他一呼吸就呼哧呼哧的,让人感到不安;他上楼时每走三、四级楼梯就得停下来休息一会儿。他常常一连咳上一个来小时。
肺病把我父亲折磨得虚弱不堪, 一个严冬,他死于被叫做“穷人的朋友”的疾病--肺炎。他咳嗽了这么多年,我想他的肺部已没有什么完好的地方了。去世前几年,他的呼吸已经很虚弱了,他总得倚靠着某个东西。我记得有一次全家聚会,当时我女儿才2岁,他抱了她一会儿,好让我有时间给他俩拍张照片。但是很明显,他是费了好大劲的。他生命行将结束前, 主要是因为他的肺功能已极度受损,他才戒了烟。戒烟后他的体重增加了几磅,但当时他太瘦了,所以没人注意到这一点。
我到第三世界国家去旅行时,看到了许多像我父亲和女儿那样的人。到处都有针对他们这两类人的巨大广告牌:强壮、自信或时髦、年龄较大的男人, 以及漂亮、“世故”的年青女人,都在吞云吐雾。就像在美国的市中心区和印第安人的居留地上发生的事一样。在这些贫困的国家里,那些本应该化在食物上的钱却流进了烟草公司。久而久之,人们不但缺少食物,而且还缺少空气,这样不但大大地削弱了孩子们的体质,还使他们染上了烟瘾,最终还会致他们于死地。我在报纸及我订阅的园艺杂志上看到, 烟蒂的毒性是很强的:一个婴儿如果吞下了一个烟蒂,就很有可能会死去; 沸水加一把烟蒂就成了很有效的杀虫剂。
作为一个母亲,我感到深深的痛苦。有时我有一种无能为力的感觉。我记得自己怀孕时,吃东西的时候是多么当心啊!之后在教她如何安全穿过马路时,又是多么耐心啊!有时我纳闷:自己这样做到底是为了什么? 难道是为了她今后大半辈子有气无力地挣扎着呼吸,然后再像她外公那样自己把自己毒死?
我特别喜欢一条写在受伤害妇女收容所里的语录: “人间平安,始于家庭。” 我认为世上所有东西都是如此。我还想起了另一条写给那些想戒烟的人们的语录: “每个家庭都应该是禁烟区。” 抽烟是一种自我毁灭,而且也毁灭着那些不得不坐在你身边的人。那些人偶尔也会取笑或抱怨抽烟,可常常只能无可奈何地坐在一边看。我现在意识到了,当我还是一个孩子时,许多年中我实际上是一直坐在旁边,看着我父亲自杀。对那些生意兴隆的烟草公司的巨头们来说,能在我家取得这样一种胜利,肯定是够满意了。
UNIT6 人如其名
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在她人生最初的24年里,人们一直叫她黛比--一个和她漂亮的容貌和优雅的风度不相配的名字。“我的名字老是使我觉得自己应该是一个女厨子,” 她抱怨道。“我真的不想要黛比这个名字。”
一天,在填写一张申请一个出版业工作职位的表格时,这位小姐一时冲动,用她的中名林恩替换了她的名字黛比。“这是我一生中干过的最漂亮的事,”现在她对人这样说。“我一停止称自己为黛比,我就对自己感到比较舒坦了……而且其他人也开始更认真地对待我了。” 在成功地通过那次工作面试两年后,这位昔日的女服务员现在成了一位成功的杂志编辑。朋友和同事们都叫她林恩。
当然, 黛比(或林恩)的职业成就并不是改名带来的,但是它肯定给她带来了好处,虽说改名仅使她对自己的才能增加了一点点自信。社会科学家认为你叫什么名字会影响你的生活。自古至今,名字不仅被用来识别人,而且也被用来描述人。圣经上说: “……人如其名 ……”,此外韦伯斯特大词典也对名字作了如下的定义: “表达某种特点的一个或几个字, 这种特点被认为反映了某人或某事的本质、或描述了某人某事,常表示嘉许或不喜欢的意思。” 请好好注意这几个词:“嘉许或不喜欢。” 不管是好是歹,诸如友好或拘谨,相貌平常或漂亮妩媚等品质特征已经和你的名字连在了一起,甚至在他人见到你这个人之前就已经知道了你的这些品质和特征。
名字已成为特定形象的组成部分, 任何一个被称为“相貌平常的珍妮”或“普普通通的乔”的人都能证明这一点。后面的那个名字特别使我烦恼,因为我的名字也叫乔。有些人认为这个名字使我更适合于做一个棒球运动员而不是,比如说,艺术评论家。然而,尽管有此不利,我确实曾一度努力想成为一名评论家。即使如此,一家著名杂志一直拒绝把“乔”作为我的文章的作者署名,而是用我名字的首字母 J.S.来代替它。我怀疑假如我的名字是比较文雅的阿瑟、或艾德里安的话,我的名字早已完整地出现在杂志上了。
当然, 有积极含义的名字对你是有好处的,甚至能促进你结交新友。最新调查表明:美国男人认为苏珊是最有吸引力的女性名字,而女人则认为里查德和戴维是男人中最有吸引力的名字。我认识一个女人,她拒绝了一次由第三方安排的、与一个叫哈里的男人的约会,因为“这人听上去没劲”。可就在几天后的一个晚间聚会上,她走到我身边,催逼着我把她介绍给一个给人以深刻印象的男人;他们俩人整个晚上都在互送秋波。“哦”,我说“你指的是哈里呀。”她听了后感到很尴尬。
虽然我们中大多数人会认为自己没有这样的偏见看法,但在某种程度上,我们都有对名字产生固定看法的毛病。老老实实地坦白:你碰到一个名叫奈杰儿的木匠会不会感到惊讶呢? 或是一个叫伯撒的物理学家呢?抑或是一个叫梅尔的教皇呢? 正如我的一位女性朋友在照看一批托儿所里的四岁儿童时所发现的那样, 我们常常把由名字引起的固定想法加到他人身上。“在托儿所里,有一次我想叫一个名字为朱利安的、活跃的小男孩静静地坐下来看书, 同时把一个喜欢沉思的、名叫罗里的孩子推出去打球。因为他们的名字,我把他们的性格给搞混了!”
很明显,这样的偏见也会影响课堂效果的。在一项由圣迭戈州立大学的赫伯特·哈拉里及乔治亚州立大学的约翰·麦克戴维主持的研究中,与名叫迈克和戴维的作文卷子相比,教师老是给卷上名字为埃尔默和休伯特的男孩写的文章打较低的分数, 实际这是同样的两份卷子。但是教师的偏见不是造成课堂得分差别的唯一原因。坦普尔大学的托马斯·V·巴斯博士和路易莎·塞雷达里恩发现:那些名叫琳达、戴安娜、芭芭拉、卡罗尔及辛迪之类的女孩们在评分客观公正的智力测验和学业成绩测验中的成绩比那些名字不太有吸引力的女孩要好。(一个与之配套的研究表明:女孩受同龄人欢迎的程度也与她们的名字受欢迎的程度有关系。虽然对男孩来说这种关系不太明显。)
虽然你父母很可能打算让你的名字一辈子用下去,但记住, 他们选这个名字的时侯,也许还没有见过你呢。而且, 当他们选择这个名字时,他们所重视的希望和梦想也许不符合你的希望和梦想。假如你的名字看上去不再跟你相配时,不要苦恼;你不必一辈子用这个名字。影星们经常改名,而且是怀着某种决心这样做的,你也可以这样做。
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第四篇:新视野大学英语读写教程4课后翻译
这种植物只有在培育它的土壤中才能很好地成长。The plant does not grow well in soils other than the one in which it has been developed.研究结果表明,无论我们白天做了什么事情,晚上都会做大约两个小时的梦。Research findings show that we spend about two hours dreaming every night, no matter what we may have done during the day.有些人往往责怪别人没有尽最大努力,以此来为自己的失败辩护。Some people tend to justify their failure by blaming others for not trying their best.我们忠于我们的承诺:凡是答应做的,我们都会做到。We remain true to our commitment: Whatever we promised to do, we would do it.连贝多芬的父亲都不相信自己儿子日后有一天可能成为世界上最伟大的音乐家。爱迪生也同样如此,他的老师觉得他似乎过于迟钝。Even Beethoven's father discounted the possibility that his son would one day become the greatest musician in the world.The same is true of Edison, who seemed to his teacher to be quite dull.当局控告他们威胁国家安全。They were accused by the authorities of threatening the state security.要是这部喜剧中的人物更幽默些的话,就会吸引更多的观众。If the characters in this comedy had been more humorous, it would have attracted a larger audience.她从未对自己的能力失去信心,因此她有可能成为一名成功的演员。要成为一名驾驶员,视觉上分辨红色与绿色的能力是必不可少的。
The ability to visually distinguish between red and green is essential to becoming a driver.这个组由七个人组成,他们经常见面,分享彼此的信息。
The team consisted of seven people who met on a regular basis to share their information with each other.这些科学家在创建基因图谱的过程中体会到:合作不仅仅是一种有吸引力的选择,它还是一种责任。In the process of creating the genetic map, these scientists realized that cooperation was more than an attractive option;it was a responsibility.他们的研究发现简直就是一个奇迹。由于他们的发现,人们对人类基因的历史有了新的了解。Their research findings were nothing less than a miracle.As a result of their findings, new light has been shed on the history of human genes.事实上,只有勤奋加方法得当才能使你在学习上比他人有优势。
In fact, only hard work in combination with proper methods will give you an advantage over others.法官说这种惩罚将起到杀一儆百的作用。The judge said the punishment would serve as a warning to others.感染的危险只限于那些与病人有亲密接触的人。The risk of infection is She has never lost faith in her own ability, so it is a possibility for her to become a successful actress.我just learned as I went along.从未受过正式培训,我只是
边干边学。I never had formal training, I 随products find their way into the international market, their brand is gaining 着产品进入国际市场,他 们的品牌知名度越来越高了。As their in popularity.她自己是否能可以编造一
she was knocked unconscious by thieves and that all her money was gone, 让这个故事,故事听起说自己被窃来可信。贼 She could make up a story by saying 打昏,所有的钱都没了,但她怀疑but she doubted whether she could make it sound believable.谁评都不清楚他是否故意推迟了这次访问,可是这引起了对 他更多的批
brought more criticism of him.。No one was certain whether he postponed the visit on purpose, but this 据Seven or eight officials are reported to have taken bribes and the mayor has 报道有七八位官员收受贿赂,市长决定亲自出马调查这件事。
decided to look into the affair in person.这
临些工人后悔and going back to work.Now they are again faced with the threat of losing 失业的危险当时了。These workers regret yielding to the management's advice 接受管理部门的意见重新回去工作。现在他们再次面their jobs.你折的只需填写一
张表格就可取得会员资格,它可以使你在买东西时entitles you to a discount on goods.优惠。You only need to fill out a form to get your membership, which 享受打不知 时为什么他们的汽车在半路坏掉了,结果他们比原three hours later than they had planned.。Their car broke down halfway for no reason.As a result they arrived 计划晚到了三个小那位官a scandal and was forced to resign weeks later.员卷入了一场丑闻,数周后被迫 辞职。这个The man living on welfare began to build up his own market, one step at a 靠救济过日子的人开始慢慢地建立起自己的市The official got involved in
场,生意日渐兴隆。time and his business is thriving.我父母不是invest in my education, my parents spent their money on a new house.对我的教育投资,而是把
钱花在了买新住房上。Rather than 如今,人spending twice as much on entertainment and relaxation as they did in the 们用于休闲娱乐的开支是过去的两倍。Today, people arepast.一家公司要成功,business must keep pace with developments in the marketplace.它必须跟上市场的发展。In order to be successful, a 与in English gave her an advantage over other girls for the job.申请这个职位的其他女孩相比,她流利的英语是个优势。Her fluency 对
由他于学生而言,没有任何地方比图书馆更好了,在那里所有的books are at their disposal.们使用。For students, nowhere is better than the library, where all the 图书都任我We should make full use of the platform to strengthen communication, 们要充分利用好这个平台,加强交流,拓展合作领域,共谋发展大计。expand cooperation in more areas and seek further development through joint efforts.这innocent as he appears.位小个子男子
并不如他看上去那么单纯。对这个问题nothing I can do about the problem, so you might as well turn to Professor 我已束手无策了,所以
This little man is not so 你不妨去求助于王教授吧。There's Wang for help.双Both sides speak highly of the fruits in their cooperation in different areas, 方高度评价了在不同
领域合作取得的成果,并希望合作进一步加深。and hope that the cooperation can be furthered.一方面,直言之路,亲民形象能使新政策更易于被民people can get a new policy more easily accepted.On the other hand, it will 启进善之门”。On the one hand, an image of being close to the 众接受,另一方面,它也能“广“encourage people to speak their minds and come up with constructive suggestions”.他孤His sense of loneliness rose and fell and he sometimes would talk at length 独的感觉时
起时落,他有时会对自己、对宠物、对电视机唠叨不休。to himself and his pets and the television.毕is not everything.The richest people are not necessarily the happiest.竟,金钱不是万能的,最富有的人不一定是最幸福的。After all, money
假found out that your colleague takes bribes, would you just ignore it? 设你发现了你自己的同事受贿,你会不会无动于衷呢?Suppose 他如此固 you We've 执,我们已对他失望了。跟他争论一点意义都没有。
with him.given up on him because he is so stubborn.It is pointless to argue 他突然想到了一
一。个加速实验进程的好办法,但组里的成员却对此意见不but opinions differed among members of the group on it.He hit upon a good method to speed up the progress of the experiment, 今天我能 Today I'm able to square my profession with my interest, which I wasn't able 够使自己的职业与兴趣相符,之前我是做不到的。
to do before.confined to those who have close contact with the patients.从这From 一分析中我happened and what to do about it.such an analysis 们可以更好地知道we are in a 发better 生了什position 么以及要做些什
to understand 么。
what has 只要他守out so late as long as he behaves himself.规矩,我倒不在乎他晚上在外呆得
这么晚。I don't mind his staying 与的其他计划相比,我更喜欢他的计划,因
practical than his.计划更实际。I prefer his plan to others 为in 我that 觉得I 没think 有任何一no plan 个计划is 比他more 他已们与huge losses in the last fiscal year and went bankrupt.经破那家公司中产了。They broke off business relations with that company as it suffered 断
了生意来往,因为那家公司上一个财政损失惨重,既you don't like him, why did you invite him to your birthday party in the first 然你不喜欢他,当初为什么还要邀请他参加你的生日
晚会呢?Now that place?
虽Though we knew our chances to win were slim, we were more or less depressed 然知道获胜的可能性不大,但比赛失败后,我们多少还是有点沮丧。when we lost in the game.也to be paid for progress许这是为进步而付出的代价,谁
知道呢? Perhaps this was the price that has 尽很少。管他们做出了巨大的努力,但目前—who knows? 为 止,博物
馆每天的参观者仍然还是been very low.For all their great efforts, the museum's daily attendance has so far still 作规为对政府检查员批
评的回应,公司改变了一些做法,而不是放弃自己的some of its practices rather than gave up its rules.定。In response to criticism by government inspectors, the company changed 警方提醒乘客,不要warned 将钱和贵重物品放在提包里,以防被
盗。they should be stolen.the passengers against putting money and precious things in bags The police lest 调查应Surveys ought to focus on how parents and children perceive the ways in which 集中于父母和孩子
们如何看待学校满足他们需求的那些办法。the school satisfies their needs.一瞬的女子。间,特斯(well-educated woman.In a flash, Tess)由一Tess changed 个天真的女孩from 变an 成了一innocent 个成熟、受girl to a 过mature 良好教育我能I can confirm that 200 new trains are being manufactured and that the first of 证实200列新火车正在制造中,第一批
and 将在今年五月投入运营。those trains will come into service in May this year.无 他人有用的论你的智商有多高,你的看法都受到个人经历的局限,因此要
学会吸纳experience perspectives of others.you 观点。have No matter how high your IQ is, your view is limited by the had and so you should learn to incorporate the useful 这个game that none of them took note of the passage of time.游戏非常有趣,他们谁也没有注意到时间的流逝。So interesting was the 我一直在整理through these old documents to see which are 这些旧文件,看看哪些有用,哪些需要扔掉。I've been sorting useful and which can be thrown away.随reflect on future plans.着年龄越来越大,你应该考虑未来的计划。As you get older you should 他在演出中的亮相less than a sensation.简直是个轰动。His appearance in the show was nothing 他set 们每个月都从工资kid's education in the future.aside a particular 中留出一amount of 笔钱money,用于孩子from their 将来salary 的教育。for Every month they the sake of their
第五篇:新视野读写教程第三版大学英语4翻译
第一单元
一、英译汉
Aristotle was an ancient Greek philosopher and scientist.亚里士多德是古希腊的哲学家和科学家。
His writings cover many subjects, including physics, biology, zoology, logic, ethics, poetry, theater, music, linguistics, politics and government, and constitute the first comprehensive system of Western philosophy.他的作品涵盖了许多学科,包括物理学、生物学、动物学、逻辑学、伦理学、诗歌、戏剧、音乐、语言学、政治和政府,构成了第一个综合的西方哲学体系。
Aristotle was the first to classify areas of human knowledge into distinct disciplines such as mathematics, biology, and ethics.亚里士多德是第一个将人类的知识领域划分为不同学科的人,如数学,生物学和伦理学。
He believed all people's concepts and all their knowledge were ultimately based on perception.他相信人所有的观念和所有的知识在根本上都是基于感知能力。
His views on natural sciences laid the groundwork for many of his works.他对自然科学的看法构成了他许多作品的基础。
He contributed to almost every field of human knowledge in his era.他几乎对他所处时期的每一个人类知识领域都作出了贡献。
His works contain the earliest known formal study of logic, and even today all aspects of Aristotle's philosophy continue to be the important subject of academic study.His philosophy had a long-lasting influence on the development of all Western philosophical theories.他的作品包含了人们所知的最早的关于逻辑的正式研究,即使在今天,亚里士多德哲学所涵盖的方方面面仍是学术研究的重要课题。
More than 2,300 years after his death, Aristotle remains one of the most influential philosophers and scientists.他的哲学对所有的西方哲学理论的发展有着经久不衰的影响。在去世2,300多年后,亚里士多德仍是最有影响力的哲学家和科学家之一。
二、汉译英
中庸思想(Doctrine of the Mean)是儒家思想的核心内容。孔子所谓的“中”不是指“折中”,而是指在认识和处理客观事物时的一种“适度”和“恰如其分”的方法。孔子主张不仅要把这种思想作为一种认识和处理事物的方法来看待,而且还应该通过自身修养和锻炼,把它融入自己的日常行为当中,使之成为一种美德。中庸思想是儒家思想的核心,也是中国传统文化的重要组成部分。从它形成到现在,一直为民族精神的构建、民族智慧的传播、民族文化的发展发挥着不可估量的作用。
The Doctrine of the Mean is the core of Confucianism.The so-called “mean” by Confucius doesn't mean “compromise” but a “moderate” and “just-right” way when understanding and handling objective things.Confucius advocated that this thought should not only be treated as a way to understand and deal with things but also be integrated into one's daily conduct to make it a virtue through self-cultivation and training.The Doctrine of the Mean is not only the core of Confucianism but also an important component of traditional Chinese culture.From the time it came into being to the present, it has played an invaluable role in the construction of national spirit, the transmission of national wisdom, and the development of national culture.第二单元
二、英译汉
William Shakespeare is widely regarded as the greatest writer in the English language and the world's pre-eminent(杰出的)dramatist.His plays have been translated into a vast number of languages and are performed more often than those of any other playwright.Shakespeare's early works were mostly comedies and histories, which have the reputation of being among the finest masterpieces produced in these genres(体裁)even today.Later on, Shakespeare wrote mainly tragedies, some of which, like Hamlet and King Lear, earned him fame in the entire Western literature.The most striking features of Shakespeare are his brilliant use of language and his universal themes.He contributed thousands of words to English, many of which have become embedded in the language.His themes are so universal that they transcend generations to stir the imaginations of readers and audiences worldwide.Shakespeare has influenced and inspired many writers over the centuries.His writings remain highly popular today, and they are constantly studied, performed, and reinterpreted in diverse cultures throughout the world.Shakespeare will continue to have an enormous impact on future playwrights, novelists, poets, actors, and scholars.人们普遍认为,威廉•莎士比亚是最伟大的英语作家和世界杰出的戏剧家。他的剧本被译成多种语言,并且比其他任何剧作家的作品都上演得多。莎士比亚的早期作品大多是喜剧和历史剧。即使在今天,这些作品仍是同类作品中的杰作,享有绝佳声望。后来莎士比亚的创作主要是悲剧,其中一些作品,如《哈姆雷特》和《李尔王》,为其在整个西方文学界赢得了声誉。莎士比亚最显著的特点是其精彩的语言运用及具有普遍意义的主题。他创造了数千个英语词汇,其中许多已经深植于英语中。他的作品主题具有普遍意义,所以能够数代流传,激发世界各地读者和观众的想象力。数世纪以来,莎士比亚影响和激励了许多作家。其作品至今依旧广受欢迎,在世界各地的文化中被不断地研究、上演和诠释。莎士比亚将继续对未来的剧作家、小说家、诗人、演员和学者产生巨大影响。
二、汉译英
中国的四大名著是指《三国演义》(Romance of the Three Kingdoms)、《水浒传》(Outlaws of the Marsh)、《西游记》(Journey to the West)和《红楼梦》(A Dream of Red Mansions)四部著名小说。它们的创作时间均处于元末明初至清代期间,其内容反映了中国古代的政治和军事斗争、社会矛盾、文化信仰等各个方面。四大名著具有很高的艺术水平,代表了中国古典小说的高峰。书中的许多人物和场景在中国家喻户晓,并且已经深深地影响了整个民族的思想观念和价值取向。四本著作在中国古代民俗、封建制度、社会生活等多个领域皆有巨大的研究价值,是中国乃至全人类的宝贵文化遗产。
The four great classic Chinese novels are Romance of the Three Kingdoms, Outlaws of the Marsh, Journey to the West and A Dream of Red Mansions.All the four novels were written during the period from the late Yuan and early Ming dynasties to the Qing Dynasty.They all reflect various aspects of ancient China, including political and military strife, social conflicts and cultural beliefs.The four novels are of supreme artistic standards, representing the peak of China's classic novels.Lots of the characters and scenes in the books are well-known in China and have exerted profound influences on the ideology and values of the entire nation.Highly valuable for the research of China's ancient customs, feudal system, and social life, the four classic novels are precious cultural relics of China as well as the human society as a whole.第三单元
一、英译汉
With the development of computer science and the Internet technology, social networking services(SNS)have come to be a widely popular platform to build social networks or social relations among people in recent years.SNS are web-based services that allow individuals to create a public profile, create a list of users with whom to share connection, and view and cross the connections within the system.Social networking sites are varied and they incorporate new information and communication tools, allowing users to share ideas, pictures, posts, activities, events, interests with people in their network.SNS have affected the social life and activity of people in various ways.With its availability on many mobile devices, a social networking service allows the users to continuously stay in touch with friends, relatives and other acquaintances wherever they are in the world, as long as there is access to the Internet.A social networking service can also unite people with common interests and beliefs through groups and other pages, and has been known to reunite lost family members and friends because of the widespread reach of its network.近年来,随着计算机科学和互联网技术的发展,社交网络服务(SNS)已经成为人们构建社交网络和社会关系的一个广受欢迎的平台。SNS是基于网页的服务,允许个人创建面向公众的个人简介,创建用户名单以分享社会联系,并对系统内的关系网进行浏览和交叉连接。社交网站多种多样,可整合各种新的信息及通讯工具,并允许用户跟网络中的其他人分享观点、图片、帖子、活动、事件以及兴趣爱好等。SNS已通过各种方式影响到人们的社会生活以及社交活动。随着各种移动设备对SNS访问的实现,只要能连接上互联网,用户在世界上的任何地方都能一直与朋友、亲戚及其他认识的人保持联络。SNS还可让拥有相同兴趣和信念的人通过群组或其他页面建立联系,同时,由于其网络分布广阔,还能让失散的家庭成员或朋友重新团聚,这点早已为人所知。
二、汉译英
近年来,随着互联网技术的迅猛发展,互联网经济已成为一个热门话题。以蓬勃发展的电子商务为代表的互联网经济已成为经济发展的重要引擎。我国政府高度重视发展互联网经济,提出了“互联网+”的概念,以推动互联网与医疗、交通、教育、金融、公共服务等领域的结合。这将为互联网经济的发展提供极大的发展潜力和更广阔的发展空间。随着“互联网+”战略的深入实施,互联网必将与更多传统行业进一步融合,助力打造“中国经济升级版”。In recent years, with the rapid development of Internet technology, the Internet economy has become a hot issue.As represented by the promising E-commerce, the Internet economy has become a strong driving force for the economic development.Our government attaches great importance to developing the Internet economy and proposes the concept of “Internet Plus”, aiming to integrate Internet with other industries, such as health care, transportation, education, finance, and public service.This will create great potential and broad prospects for the development of the Internet economy.With the implementation of the “Internet Plus” strategy, the Internet is certain to be integrated with more traditional industries and help build “the upgraded version of the Chinese economy”.第三单元
一、英译汉
Baroque architecture is a building style that flourished in Europe between the late 16th and mid-18th century.It evolved out of Renaissance architecture in Italy, when the Renaissance architects began to get bored of the symmetry(对称)and same old forms they had been using for the past 200 years, and started to make bold, curving and not at all symmetrical buildings called the Baroque buildings.Baroque-style buildings share some common characteristics.Marble, gilt(镀金)and bronze were the materials the Baroque architects used in abundance.Oval was the most distinct and a very common shape incorporated into Baroque architecture.Dramatic use of light is important, and is achieved either through strong light-and-shade contrasts or uniform lighting by means of windows.Opulent use of color and ornaments is prevalent, as can be seen in the large-scale frescoes(湿壁画)painted on the ceilings.There is usually a central projection that is quite large and juts outward, and domes erected in a pear shape are often seen.The most well-known Baroque buildings include the St.Paul's Cathedral in the UK and the Palace of Versailles in France.Gian Lorenzo Bernini and Francesco Borromini were the two main architects of the Baroque era.巴洛克建筑是一种建筑风格,兴盛于16世纪晚期至18世纪中期的欧洲。它由意大利文艺复兴时期的建筑发展而来,当时文艺复兴建筑师开始对过去200多年来一直沿用的对称的、一成不变的旧建筑形式感到厌倦,开始建造醒目的、具有曲线性而非对称的巴洛克建筑。巴洛克风格的建筑有一些共同特征。大理石、镀金、青铜是巴洛克建筑师大量使用的材料。椭圆形是巴洛克建筑最鲜明且十分常见的形状。戏剧性的光照运用也是其重要特征,主要是通过强烈的光影对比或由窗户进入的均匀光线来实现。丰富的色彩和装饰运用也很常见,这从天花板上的大幅壁画中可以看出。巴洛克建筑通常正中还有一个相当大并且向外突出的部分,梨形的拱顶也十分常见。最著名的巴洛克建筑包括英国的圣保罗大教堂和法国的凡尔赛宫。杰安•劳伦佐•贝尼尼和弗朗西斯科•博罗米尼是巴洛克时期两位主要的建筑师。
二、汉译英
苏州园林是中国古典园林最杰出的代表,大部分为私家所有。苏州园林始于春秋,兴于宋元,盛于明清。清末苏州已有各色园林170余处,为其赢得了“园林之城”的称号。现保存完好的园林有60多处,对外开放的有十余处。其中沧浪亭、狮子林、拙政园和留园分别代表着宋、元、明、清四个朝代的艺术风格,被称为“苏州四大名园”。苏州园林宅园合一,可赏,可游,可居,其建筑规制反映了中国古代江南民间的生活方式和礼仪习俗。苏州园林不仅是历史文化的产物,同时也是中国传统思想文化的载体。1997年,苏州园林被联合国教科文组织列入“世界遗产名录”。
Suzhou gardens are the most outstanding representatives of classical Chinese gardens.Most of them were privately-owned.The gardens first appeared in the Spring and Autumn Period, developed in the Song and Yuan dynasties, and flourished in the Ming and Qing dynasties.By the late Qing Dynasty, Suzhou had got as many as over 170 gardens of diverse styles, winning it the name “The City of Gardens”.Now, over 60 gardens are kept in good condition, of which more than 10 are open to the public.The Surging Wave Pavilion, the Lion Grove Garden, the Humble Administrator's Garden and the Lingering Garden are called the four most famous gardens in Suzhou, representing the artistic styles of the Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties respectively.Suzhou gardens are assemblies of residences and gardens, which makes them suitable places for living, visiting and appreciating.The architectural principles of the gardens are a demonstration of the lifestyles and social customs of the ancient Chinese people in the south of the Lower Yangtze River.Suzhou gardens are not only a product of Chinese history and culture, but also a carrier of traditional Chinese ideology and culture.In 1997, Suzhou gardens were inscribed on the World Heritage List by UNESCO.第五单元
一、英译汉
The Renaissance was an influential cultural movement which brought about a period of scientific revolution and artistic transformation at the dawn of modern European history.It began in Italy and later spread to the rest of Europe, immediately following the Middle Ages and spanning roughly from the 14th to the 17th century.The Renaissance was characterized by a revival of interest in classical learning, wisdom and values from the Ancient Greek and Roman eras.Renaissance scholars employed the humanist method in study and searched for realism and human emotion in art.Scientists no longer accepted the teachings of the Church at face value.Instead, they studied the natural world through their own observation and experimentation.Likewise, artists developed new techniques and achieved more advanced effects by applying mathematics and optics(光学)to paintings, sculpture and other art forms.The Renaissance profoundly changed the European intellectual life in the early modern period.Through the rediscovery of ancient texts, it triggered both a rebirth of classical learning and a rebirth of European culture in general.Its influence was felt in literature, philosophy, art, politics, science, and many other fields.文艺复兴是一场影响巨大的文化运动。它在现代欧洲史的开端时期开创了一个科学革命和艺术变革时代。它始于意大利,之后蔓延到欧洲其他国家。它紧接在中世纪之后,贯穿14至17世纪。文艺复兴时期的特点是,人们对古希腊和古罗马时期的古典知识、智慧和价值观重新焕发了兴趣。文艺复兴时期的学者在学术中采用人文方法,在艺术上追寻现实主义和人类情感。科学家们不再一味地接受教堂传播的说教。相反,他们通过观察和实验来研究自然世界。同样,艺术家们将数学和光学运用到绘画、雕塑及其他艺术形式中,从而发展出新技术,并取得了更高水平的艺术效果。文艺复兴深刻地改变了现代早期的欧洲知识界。它通过对古代文献的重新发现,触发了古典知识和整个欧洲文化的重生。文学、哲学、艺术、政治、科学及其他许多领域都能感受到它的影响
二、汉译英
中华文明曾对世界文明产生过重大影响。近年来,随着我国经济的发展和国际地位的提升,历史悠久的中国文化正引起世界新的关注。越来越多的中国元素为当今世界时尚、文学、影视作品等提供了创作灵感,成为热门题材。这一现象表明,世界需要中国文化。在这种背景下,我国决定实施文化“走出去”的战略,以加强中国与世界其他各国的文化交流。经过数年的努力,这项工程已经取得了很大成绩。文化“走出去”大力推动了我国文化产业的发展,正成为提升我国国家形象和综合实力的有效途径。
Chinese civilization once had a significant influence on world civilization.With the development of our country's economy and the rise of her international status in recent years, Chinese culture, which has a long history, is once again attracting global attention.More and more Chinese cultural elements provide inspiration for and become popular subjects of fashions, literature and movies around the world.This shows that the world needs Chinese culture.It was in this context that China decided to implement the “Culture Exporting” strategy so as to enhance her cultural exchanges with the rest of the world.After several years' efforts, great achievements have been made in this respect.“Culture Exporting” has greatly promoted the development of our cultural industries.It is becoming an effective approach through which China enhances her national image and comprehensive strength.