中英对照新闻[优秀范文5篇]

第一篇：中英对照新闻

[经济报道] 美国绿卡可以通过投资获得

What do these four things have in common: a proposedwind farm in the American state of Washington, a goldmine in Idaho, a new casino in Las Vegas and ski resortexpansions in Vermont.They're all investment vehiclesfor wealthy foreigners seeking green cards to live in theUnited States.美国华盛顿州拟建的风力发电场、爱达荷州的金矿、拉斯维加斯新建的赌场及佛蒙特州滑雪胜地的扩张。以上这四件事之间存在什么共同点呢？这些都是外国有钱人为了在美国居住拿绿卡的投资工具。

Under American law, foreigners can get such visas if theyinvest at least 500,000 dollars to create at least 10 jobsin the country.Here is an example of how the programworks.美国法律规定，外国人在美国投资不少于50万美元并创造至少10份就业岗位即可获得绿卡。举个例子来说明此计划如何运作。

A few years ago, Jordan Gagner and his wife needed tomove from their home in Canada to a drier climate, likeArizona.At first, the possibility of moving south of theborder permanently seemed unlikely.几年前，Jordan Gagner 和妻子需要从加拿大搬迁到一个更干燥的地方，例如亚利桑那州。起初，永久性居住于南方边境似乎不太可行。“个体理财经理和教师这两种职业均不在美国提供给外国人签证前10名的名单之列。” “Being a self-employed wealth manager and a teacher,those are two occupations that are not on the top 10 listsof visas being given to foreigners to come down to U.S.”

几年前，Jordan Gagner 和妻子需要从加拿大搬迁到一个更干燥的地方，例如亚利桑那州。起初，永久性居住于南方边境似乎不太可行。“个体理财经理和教师这两种职业均不在美国提供给外国人签证前10名的名单之列。”

But then he heard about the immigrant investor visa.Heand several other foreign investors offered $500,000each to build an assisted living center in Bellingham,Washington.Mr Gagner was credited with creating lots ofjobs during the recession and his whole family receivedgreen cards.Immigration lawyer David Andersson organized the deal.“If you have a solid investment and there may be abenefit which exceeds mere return, such as the ability tomove your family to America, then an investor mayconsider a lower return than, for example, a bank.”

x移民律师David Andersson 经手了此事。

“如果你有一项可靠的投资，回报不仅仅是单纯的盈利，比如你的家人可以移民到美国。投资者可能会考虑低于银行的回报。”

Mr Andersson has led the way in an industry he says isgrowing quickly.Companies thatbringing togetherinvestors and possible borrowers are officially known as“EB-5 regional centers.” The name comes from the partof the immigration law that set up the immigrant investorvisa.Andersson 先生开创了该领域的先河并表示该领域的发展迅猛。官方称那些为投资者和潜在借债者提供平台的公司为“投资移民区域项目中心。”该名字来源于为移民投资签证而设立的移民法的部分条款。

Some Americans have expressed concerns about theprogram.Landowner Harland Radomske first heard aboutit when a group of wealthy Koreans were invited to investin a wind farm on land next to his property.He feared awind farm would reduce the value of his ranch, and therewas more.Andersson 先生开创了该领域的先河并表示该领域的发展迅猛。官方称那些为投资者和潜在借债者提供平台的公司为“投资移民区域项目中心。”该名字来源于为移民投资签证而设立的移民法的部分条款。

“We have all of this controversy going over immigration,the borders of Mexico, and all of that issues before theCongress and Senate and so on.And now we find outunbeknownst, if you're a rich foreigner, you can buy yourway to citizenship.”The wind project developers refused many requests totell the side of the story.Yet, even with the disputes overimmigration, the foreign investor

program has a lot ofsupport in Congress.There is also a move to make theprogram permanent.“我们已经将移民、墨西哥边境等问题反映给了国会和参议院。现在，我们发现如果你是个富裕的外国人，你可以买到美国公民身份。”风力发电场项目开发商拒绝谈此事。尽管移民问题上存在分歧，国会广泛支持国外投资者项目，更有举措将此项目永久化。

第二篇：中英对照英语新闻阅读

How Smartphones, Price-Check Apps, and Daily Deals Are Changing Black Friday—and the Entire Holiday

Shopping Season

智能手机、价格对比应用程序、以及团购是如何改变感恩

节和整个假期购物季的。

By Brad Tuttle | @bradrtuttle | November 25, 2011 | 5

Tweet inShare24

作者：布拉德。塔特|@bradrtuttle| 2011年11月25日

Smartphones—and therefore, deals—are everywhere this holiday season.This means that shoppers should have an especially easy time getting the best price on gifts.Then again, it also means that retailers have an especially easy time reaching consumers and tempting them into making purchases.利用智能手机购物和团购的买卖正充斥着整个假期。这就意味着买方要能便捷地购得物美价廉的商品；而商家则要便捷地吸引顾客，并且和他们做成交易。

A New York Times story focuses on how all sorts of retailers—online and brick-and-mortar alike—are embracing mobile deals lately.On Black Friday especially, everybody from Best Buy to HSN, Amazon to Nordstrom, is expected to offer special mobile-only deals meant to appeal to shoppers, no matter if they’re lying on the couch at home, at work in an office cubicle, or waiting on lines inside physical stores at the mall.《纽约时报》最近刊发了一篇聚焦网店和实体店关于手机买卖的报道。尤其是在感恩节这天，所有从百思买到HSN，从亚马逊到诺德斯特姆的商家不论是躺在沙发上的还是呆在家里的，抑或是在办公室或是守在实体店里的，都盼望着消费者往自己的店里跑。

One reason the primarily brick-and-mortar stores are pushing mobile deals is because of the popularity of helpful shopping and price-comparison apps like those rounded up by Techland.These apps, which allow shoppers to scan items and check prices at a wide range of retailers, were already popular among consumers last holiday season, and it’s expected that more and more shoppers will be using them to ensure they’re getting good deals.Techland研制出了一种价格对比应用程序很受人们欢迎，而这也成了原来的那些实体店推出用手机购物的一大推动力。这些价格对比应用程序可以使消费者浏览很多商家的商品

及价目表，因而自上个假期开始它们就受到了消费者的青睐。现在很多消费者都有可能会倾向于利用这些价格对比应用程序去确保所买的东西是划算的。

Reuters reports how stores like Lowes are arming employees with smartphones of their own, to help workers make sales before a shopper leaves empty-handed:

路透社报道了像洛斯这样的店家是如何给店员配备智能手机，从而使得前来光顾的顾客不会空手离去：

When shoppers are in Lowes stores scanning bar codes with their phones, reading product reviews and checking prices, employees can engage them better using iPhones to track down similar information.当顾客在洛斯商店用手机浏览商品条纹码、阅读商品评论和核对价格的时候，店员们可以用iphone随时跟进了解相关商品信息。

Staff can also check quickly if products are in stock or if items are available on Lowes’ website or another store nearby, and can often match or beat a price a consumer finds elsewhere via a smart phone.店员们还可以快速核对商品库存是否有货，核实洛斯的网站是否有条款，或者是否可从临近的商店里获得；店员们甚至还可以利用智能手机跟进商品报价，及时调整商品价格。

Not only do brick-and-mortar stores have to compete on pricing with the likes of Amazon, they’re also facing competition from daily deal vendors such as Groupon and LivingSocial.The annual holiday survey from Discover shows that consumers are increasingly comfortable with the idea of giving gifts purchased via daily deals:

实体店不仅需要同亚马逊这样的网店竞价，还要面临类似Groupon（团宝网）和LivingSocial这样的团购网站的竞争。《发现》假期调查发现，消费者正日益青睐通过团购购物：

When asked if they would buy a gift through a group-buying site, more than half, 55 percent, of consumers gave a jolly nod to the idea, up from 22 percent who said the same last year.In 2010, just 6 percent of those surveyed said they had purchased a gift through a group-buying site, which more than tripled in 2011 to 20 percent.当被问及是否愿意通过团购网站购买商品时，相比去年22%的顾客数目而言，今年更有超过55%的顾客会高兴地表示赞同。2010年，仅有6%的受访者通过团购买过东西，到2011年，这个数字已是去年的三倍，达到了20%。

Increasingly, flash deal and group-buying sites aren’t conceding the idea that Black Friday craze is and will always be a primarily brick-and-mortar experience.The Times notes that the Gilt Groupe is going to offer mobile-exclusive deals on Friday, November

25, starting at 6 a.m.—about the same time that many shoppers will be elbowing for sale merchandise at malls.Normally, Gilt’s flash deals are available beginning at noon daily.渐渐地，flash deal和团购网站已经不承认感恩节的购物热是专属于实体店的了。《时代周刊》撰文写道Gilt Groupe（限时团购商）正准备推出感恩节手机专享购物活动，从顾客一般去商城购物的时间——六点开始。通常情况下，Gilt’s flash deals则在每天中午时分开始限时团购。

The Associated Press, meanwhile, reports that LivingSocial will offer a slew of national deals starting on Black Friday, and more becoming available on Cyber Monday.The deals include one-year magazine subscriptions for $5(normally $12)and discounts of 50% or more off products from the likes of Skechers, Verizon Wireless, and OfficeMax.与此同时，美联社报道说LivingSocial将会在感恩节那天提供很多全国性的团购活动，而且网络星期一那天会有更多。这些团购包括全年的杂志订购，原价12美元，团购仅需5美元。还有很多像斯凯奇、Verizon Wireless通讯公司和OfficeMax这样的商家都会把商品打五折或者更低。

What with all of these options, shoppers can have the surreal experience of browsing the offers and snatching up merchandise from the likes of Amazon, LivingSocial, and Best Buy … all while strolling the aisles of a Walmart.Due to the ubiquity of free-shipping promotions, it’s also quite easy to physically go out shopping, browse goods in person, and make purchases—and never actually have to schlep goods to the register, let alone your home.因为这些购物网站的发展，消费者可以感受一边在沃尔玛商场漫步，一边在用手机购买亚马逊、LivingSocial、和Best Buy等购物网站上的商品那种梦幻般的体验。由于到处都在搞免运费促销活动，实体店购物也是很便捷的，可以一个人选购商品、下单，甚至无须亲自把商品拖到购物车，只要呆在家等待送货上门即可。

Brad Tuttle is a reporter at TIME.Find him on Twitter at @bradrtuttle.You can also continue the discussion on TIME’s Facebook page and on Twitter at @TIME.布拉德.塔特是《时代周刊》的新闻报道员。你可以到推特上去联系他，也可以到《时代周刊》的Facebook网页或者推特上参与互动。

Requirements:

1.Compose a summary of the report in around 250 words.Smartphones make shoppers buy gifts more convenient.They don’t need to go outside, or handling a conparatly huge computer.After the appearance of Price-Check Apps, it blows a gust of wind in many types of stores, no matter online or in the brick-and-mortar alike.These apps allows shoppers comparing prices in differents shops, thus help them to buy the things they need with the most reasonable price.Moreover, stores like Lowes makes full of this opportunity, and equips its employees with smart phones, so they can follow the shoppers and make some changes immediately, in oder to manage to succeed in the deals.What varies the idea of shopping greatly is another sort of shopping--group-buying.People tends to purchase goods through group-buying, for its cheap price.On Black Friday or Cyber Monday, LivingSocial will offer many deals with low price to attract more shoppers, and the on sale time is limited.And more and more retailers find it a good chance to gather money, thus more group-buying websites are expected to appear.All these methods of shopping and inventions is both good for the buying and sale.The online malls allow shoppers stay at home and waiting for the goods sent to their house;Price-Check Apps makes shoppers get more information of price on what they buy;and the group-buying websites will play a more important role in the future shopping.Of course none of them could substitute any other, but they can exist at the same time, which benefit shoppers more.

第三篇：中英对照

行政主体在对行政相对人作出不利行政决定时，是否必须说明理由，二战之后伴随民主法治的发展，经历从无到有的过程。法国、德国、美国、日本及我国台湾地区和澳门地区的行政程序法都有相关规定，说明理由已成为行政程序中一项重要的制度。行政主体在作出影响对人权利义务的行政行为时，向相对人说明作出该行为的事实根据、法律根据及进行自由裁量时所考虑的公共利益、社会习惯、政策考量等因素。这一方面有利于规范行政主体依法行使行政权，保障行政合法性和合理性，降低行政恣意和专断的风险；另一方面，将作出行政决定所依据的事实、法律根据及裁量因素告知行政相对人，可以增强相对人对行政决定的理解和认同。此外，如果相对人对行政决定不服，可根据行政决定的依据和理由寻求法律救济，保障其合法权益。本文以行政程序中的说明理由制度为视角，以我国工商系统推行的说理式行政处罚决定的相关案例，总结我国工商系统说明式行政处罚决定书的特点和问题，并在此基础之上提出完善建议，以期将说理式行政决定书推广适用到行政处罚、行政强制等执法领域，增强行政决定的合理性和正当性，更有效地规范行政权力，保障公民合法权益。

Whether the administrative subject has to give the reasons why making negative administrative decision on administrative counterpart, which appears accompany with the development of democracy and the rule of law.The administrative procedure law in France, Germany, the United States, Japan, Taiwan and Macao of china has relative regulations, and giving the reasons has become an important system in administrative procedure system.When the administrative subject takes administrative actions that will impact the rights and obligations of the administrative counterpart, it should explain to the administrative counterpart the fact and foundation and the law, on which it take the action, also it should explain the public interests, social habits, policy considerations and other factors that it has to take into account when make discretions.on one hand, this is conductive to standardize the administrative subject to execute administrative power according to the law, and guarantee the administrative legality and rationality, reduce administrative arbitrariness and abuse of administrative power;on the other hand, to inform the administrative decision basis of facts, law and discretion factors to the administrative counterpart could enhance the understanding and recognition of the decisions for the administrative counterpart.Besides, if the administrative counterpart doesn’t accept the decisions, could according to the foundations and reasons of the administrative decisions seek for legal redress to protect his/her legal interests.This report base on the reasons explanation system to summarize the characteristics and existing problems of the persuasive administrative penalties notifications in our country’s industrial and commercial systems, and make suggestions on how to improve it, in order to make the administrative decision be applicable to administrative penalty, administrative compulsory enforcement and other executive fields, to enhance the rationality and legitimacy of the administrative decision, effectively regulate the use of the administrative power, protect the legal rights and interests of the citizens.本文分为五部分：

The report has five parts:

引言部分简单介绍我国学界关于行政程序中说明理由制度的研究概况，说明当前关于说明理由制度研究重心和热点问题。

The brief introduce the general situation of the study of the reasons explanation system in administrative procedure of our law circles, and illustrates the focus and hot issues in current study of the reasons explanation system.第一部分为全文概述，简要介绍选题依据和来源，从宪政角度分析行政决定的说理性理论基

础，并从行政机关、行政相对人和受理争议机关复审三方面分析行政决定说理性的价值所在。第二部分着重研究我国工商系统推行的说理式行政处罚决定书案例，总结工商系统说理式行政处罚决定书的特点及存在的问题。

The first part is the general overview of the report, give a brief introduction to the basis and resource of the selection of the topic, analyze the rationality theory foundation of the administrative decision from the constitutional perspective, and analyze the value of the administrative decision rationality from the administrative organ, the administrative counterpart and the request of the controversy dispute acceptance organ.Part two focuses on the study of the cases on the persuasive administrative penalty notification pushed by our country’s industrial and commercial system, and summarize the characteristics and existing problems of the persuasive administrative penalties notifications in our country’s industrial and commercial systems.第三部分对我国目前关于行政决定说理性的立法规范进行分析，指出当前我国相关立法存在的缺陷和问题。

The third part analyzes the current legal regulations in our country on the rationality of the administrative decisions, and point out the existing defects and problems in our country’s relative laws.

第四篇：管件-中英对照

管件 Fitting

阀门 valve

弯头 elbow

异径弯头 reducing elbow 带支座弯头 base elbow

k半径弯头 long radius elbow 短半径弯头 short radius elbow 长半径180°弯头 long radius return 短半径180°弯头 short radius return

带侧向口的弯头（右向或左向）side outlet elbow(right hand or left hand)双支管弯头（形）double branch elbow 三通 tee

异径三通 reducing tee

等径三通 straight tee

带侧向口的三通（右向或左向）side outlet tee(right hand or 1eft hand)异径三通（分支口为异径）reducing tee(reducing on outlet)

异径三通（一个直通口为异径）reducing tee(reducing on one run)带支座三通 base tee

异径三通（一个直通口及分支口为异径）reducing tee(reducing on one run and outlet)异径三通（两个直通口为异径，双头式）reducing tee(reducing on both runs, bull head)45°斜三通 45° lateral

45°斜三通（支管为异径）45° lateral(reducing on branch)45°斜三通(一个直通口为异径)45° lateral(reducing on one run)

45°斜三通(一个直通口及支管为异径)45° lateral(reducing on one run and branch)Y型三通（俗称裤衩）true “Y” 四通 cross

等径四通 straight cross 异径四通 reducing cross

异径四通（一个分支口为异径）reducing cross(reducing on one outlet)

异径四通（一个直通口及分支口为异径）reducing cross(reducing on one run and outlet)异径四通（两个分支口为异径）reducing cross(reducing on both outlet)

异径四通（一个直通口及两个分支口为异径）reducing cross(reducing on one run and both outlet)

异径管 reducer

同心异径管 concentric reducer 偏心异径管 eccentric reducer 锻制异径管 reducing swage 支管台 olet 螺纹支管台 thread olet 焊接支管台 weld olet 承插支管台 sock olet 弯头支管台 elb olet 斜接支管台 latr olet 镶入式支管嘴 sweep olet 短管支管台 nip olet

支管台，插入式支管台 boss 管接头 coupling, full coupling 半管接头 half coupling 异径管接头 reducing coupling 活接头 union

内外螺纹缩接（俗称补芯）bushing 管帽 cap(C)堵头 plug 短节 nipple

异径短节 reducing nipple;swage nipple

法兰 Flange(FLG）

整体管法兰 integral pipe flange

钢管法兰 steel pipe flange 螺纹法兰 threaded flange

滑套法兰（包括平焊法兰）slip-on flange(SO);slip-on welding flange 承插焊法兰 socket welding flange 松套法兰 lap joint flange(LJF)对焊法兰 welding neckflange(WNF)法兰盖 blind flange, blind 孔板法兰 orifice flange

弯头 joint 弯头 angle fittings;bent pipe;elbow;knee 弯头扳手 bent-handle wrench;bent spanner 弯头车刀 angular tool 弯头持针钳 curved needle holders 弯头刀架 knee tool 弯头道钉 brob 弯头管 swan neck 弯头键 gib head key 弯头接合 knee-joint 弯头螺栓 bolt with one end bent back 弯头锁紧螺母 elbow jam unt 弯头套管 elbow union 弯头套筒扳手 offset socket wrench 弯头脱水器 elbow separator 弯头芯盒 elbow core box 活接

活接 loose joint 活接地 swinging earth 活接结合 articulated joint 活接联接器 joint coupling 活接三通 union tee 活接头 articulation;union swivel;union 活接头螺母 union nut 活接头螺栓 swing bolt 活接头套管 union thimble 活接卸槽 articulated chute(浇混凝土用的)三通

三通 tee bend;tee branch;tee joint;tee conneetion;tee fitting;wye;Y;yoke 三通玻璃栓 three-way glass stopcock 三通道放大器 three-channel amplifier;three-path amplifier 三通道自动驾驶仪 three-dimensional autopilot 三通电缆分线盒 three-way coupling box 三通阀 tee valve;three-port valve;three-way valve;triple valve 三通阀盖 triple-valve cap 三通阀活塞 triple-valve piston 三通阀联箱 three way valve menifold 三通阀体 triple body;triple-valve body 三通管 single sweep tee;T-branch(pipe);three-limb tube 三通管接头 tee pipe coupling 三通横长 horizontal length of tee 三通换向旋塞 three-way reversing cock 三通活栓 three-way cock 三通货协定 triparties currency agreement 三通接头 tee coupling;tee fitting;tee union;three-way piece;three-way connection 三通接线夹 three-way connector 三通开关 three-way cock 三通控制阀 three-way control valve 三通连接 tee junction 三通路循环器 three-terminal circulator 三通式热风炉 three-pass stove 三通天线转发开关 triplexer 三通筒 triple cylinder 三通筒垫密片 triple-cylinder gasket 三通弯头 three-way elbow 三通旋塞 tee cock;three-way cock;three-throw tap 三通循环器 three-terminal circulator 三通液体流量计 tee fluid flow meter 三通闸阀 treble ported slide valve

直通

直通 direct connection;straight in;straight bore;through;feed(-)through;once-through 直通拨号 through dial(l)ing 直通测量线路 end-to-end measurement 直通单向阀 in-line check valve;straight check valve;straightway check valve 直通道路 through road 直通的 through and through 直通地 dead earth;dead ground 直通垫外底 through midsole 直通电报 telex 直通电报通信 telex communication 直通电流 through current 直通电流偏置 through current bias 直通电路 direct circuit 直通阀 pass valve;straight-through valve;straightway valve;through valve 直通干馏炉 through retort 直通锅炉 once-through boiler 直通换料 once-through refuelling 直通回路 straight circuit 直通汇接呼叫制 straight forwardjunction working 直通监控 through supervision 直通接头 straight coupling;straight fitting 直通接线装置 through joint 直通街道 through expressway;through street;throughway 直通进位 standing carry 直通开关 globe cock

PBE: PLAIN ENDS(双端平口)PSE: PLAIN SMALL END(小端平口)PLE: PLAIN LARGE END(大端平口)TBE: THREAD BOTH ENDS(双端螺纹)TSE: THREAD SMALL ENDS(小端螺纹)TLE: THREAD LARGE END(大端螺纹)BBE: BEVEL BOTH ENDS(双端斜削)BSE: BEVEL SMALL END(小端斜削)BLE: BEVEL LARGE END(大端斜削)

平焊法兰

slippon flange(SF)对焊法兰

butt weld flange(BWF)凹凸法兰

female and male flange（MFM）带颈法兰

with neck flange(NF)法兰盖

flange cover(FC)盲法兰

Blind flange(BF)平面管道法兰

Full Face（FF)凸面管道法兰凸面

Raised Face（RF）凸面管道法兰凸面

Raised Face（RF）环连接面管道法兰环连接面Ring Joint Face（RJ)环连接面管道法兰环连接面Ring Joint Face（RJ）承插凸面法兰

Socket Rised Face Flang(SRFF)

galvanized threaded flange镀锌丝扣法兰 butterfly valve flange

蝶阀法兰 slotted flanges

开槽法兰

球心阀

Globe Valve(GV)球阀

Ball Valve(BV)蝶阀

Butterfly Valve(BV)止回阀

Check Valve(CV)

阀体 body 阀体 valve body 阀箱 valve box 阀箱 valve cage 阀箱 valve chest 阀箱；阀限位器 valve guard 阀箱盖 cover for valve box 阀箱盖 valve box cover 阀箱式活塞泵（美）turret type piston pump 阀形活塞泵 valve type piston pump 阀座 Seat ring 阀座 valve carrier 阀座 valve seat(body seat)阀座；阀盘 valve seat 阀座环 seat ring 阀座密封嵌条 sealing strip for valve seat 法兰 flange 法兰堵头 blind flange 法兰端 flange end 法兰接头 flange joint 法兰连接紧固件（双头螺栓和螺帽）flange bolting 法兰密封面，法兰面 flange facing 法兰面加工 flange facing finish 法兰球阀 Flange Ball Valves 截止阀 Globe valve 翻板阀 Flap 反冲盘 Disc holder 反向作用式减压阀 Reverse acting reducing valve 反向作用式减压阀 Reverse acting reducing valve 放空阀 emptying valve 放气阀 air vent valve;vent valve 放气阀；排气阀 air evacuation valve 放泄阀 escape valve 分置阀室式活塞泵 separate valve box type piston pump 分置阀室式活塞泵（美）side pot type piston pump 封闭式 Seal type 浮动式球阀 Float ball valve 浮球 Ball float 浮球阀 Float Valve 浮球式疏水阀 Ball float steam trap 浮球式疏水阀 Free Float Type Steam Trap 浮桶 Bucket float 浮桶式疏水阀 Open bucket steam trap 辅助（副）阀 Auxiliary valves 负荷率 Rate of load condensate 附加背压力 Superimposed back pressure 复位弹簧 Returnning spring 杠杆式 Lever type 杠杆式安全阀 Lever and weight loaded safety valve 杠杆式减压阀 Lever reducing valve 高温阀门 High temperature valve 高压阀门 High pressure valve 格兰密封 gland 隔离阀 isolating valve 隔膜 Diaphragm 隔膜阀 diaphragm valve 隔膜式控制阀 diaphragm operated comtrol valve 工作背压 Operating back pressure 工作温度 Operating temperature 工作温度 Working temperature 工作压差 Operting differential pressure 工作压力 Operating pressure 工作压力 Working pressure 公称通径 Nominal diameter 公称压力 Nominal pressure 固定式球阀 Fixed ball valve 关闭压力 Lockup pressure 关阀过冷度 Subcooled temperature of close valve 关阀温度 Closing valve temperature 管道安全阀 Piping Safety Valves 流体设备词汇对照表-1.6 阀门 Valve 1.6 阀门 Valve 1.6.1 阀门结构、零件

阀轭 yoke 外螺纹阀杆及阀轭 outside screw and yoke(OS & Y)阀杆 stem 内螺纹 inside screw(IS)阀轭套 yoke sleeve 阀杆环 stem ring 阀座 valve seat(body seat)阀座环、密封圈 seat ring 整体（阀）座 integral seat 堆焊（阀）座 deposited seat 阀芯（包括密封圈、杆等内件）trim 阀盘 disc 阀盘密封圈 disc seat 阀体 body 阀盖 bonnet 阀盖衬套 bonnet bush 螺纹阀帽 screw cap 螺纹阀盖 screw bonnet 螺栓连接的阀盖 bolted bonnet(BB)活接阀盖（帽）union bonnet(cap)螺栓连接的阀帽 bolted cap(BC)焊接阀盖 welded bonnet(WB)本体阀杆密封 body stem seal 石棉安全密封 asbestos emenen seal 倒密封 back seal 压力密封的阀盖 pressure-tight bonnet 动力操纵器 powered operator 电动操纵器 electric motor operator 气动操纵器 pneumatic operator 液压操纵器 hydraulic operator 快速操纵器 quick-acting operator 滑动阀杆 sliding stem 正齿轮传动 spur gear operated 伞齿轮传动 bevel gear operated 扳手操作 wrench operated 链轮 chain wheel 手轮 hand wheel 手柄 hand lever(handle)气缸（或液压缸）操纵的 cylinder operated 链条操纵的 chain operated 等径孔道 full bore;full port 异径孔道 reducing bore, reduced port,venturi port 短型 short pattern 紧凑型（小型）compact type 笼式环 lantern ring 压盖 gland 阀杆填料 stem packing 阀盖垫片 bonnet gasket 升杆式（明杆）rising stem(RS)非升杆式（暗杆）non-rising stem(NRS)指示器/限位器 indicator/stopper 注油器 grease injector 可更换的阀座环 renewable seat ring 1.6.2 常用阀

(1）闸阀 gate valve平行双闸板 double disc parallel seat 开口楔形闸板 split wedge 挠性整体楔形闸扳 flexible solid wedge 整体楔形闸板 solid wedge 塞型闸阀 plug gate valve 直通型闸阀 through conduit gate valve(2)截止阀 globe valve 球心型阀盘 globe type disc 塞型阀盘 plug type disc 可转动的阀盘 swivel disc(3)节流闪阀 throttle valve 针阀 needle valve(4)角阀 angle valve(5)Y型阀（Y 型阀体截止阀）Y-valve(Y-body globe valve)(6)球阀 ball valve 三通球阀 3-way ball valve 装有底轴的 trunnion mounted 耐火型 fire safe type 浮动球型 floating ball type 防脱出阀杆 blowout proof stem(7)蝶阀 butterfly valve 对夹式（薄片型）wafer type 凸耳式 lug type 偏心阀板蝶阀 offset disc burerfly valve;eccentric butterfly valve 斜阀盘蝶阀 canted disc butterfly valve 连杆式蝶阀 link butterfly valve 8)柱塞阀 piston type valve(9)旋塞阀 plug valve 三通旋塞阀 three-way plug valve 四通旋塞阀 four AC 交流电

Alternating Current EXP VLV 膨胀阀 Expansion Valve PSIA 磅/平方英寸(绝对值)Pounds Per Square Inch Absolute ALL IRON 全铁结构

All-Iron Construction F 华氏温度

Degree Fahrenheit PSIG 磅/平方英寸(表值)Pounds Per Square Inch Gage AMER STD 美国标准

American Standard FF平面 Flat Face RECIRC 再循环

Recirculate(d)

AMS 自动化工程师协会的航空材料规范 Aeronautical Material Specifications of the Society of Automotive Engineers FtoF 面对面 Face to Face RF 凸面 Raised Face APPROX近似值

Approximate FLG 法兰端口 Flanged End RPM 每分钟转数 Revolutions per Minute ASME 美国机械工程师协会

American Society of Mechanical Engineers FM 表示产品已经美国工厂相互保险研究所认证 Indicates product has been approved by Factory Mutual Laboratories RS 明杆

Rising Stem

ASTM 美国实验材料协会

American Society of Testing Materials F/S 安全因素 Factor of Safety S.A.E.美国自动化工程师协会 Society of Automotive Engineers ATM 大气，空气

Atmosphere FSPS 内螺纹标准管道口径

Female Standard Pipe Size SB 螺纹旋进阀盖 Screw-in Bonnet BB 螺栓阀盖

Bolted Bonnet FT LB 英尺磅(功的单位)Foot Pound SE 螺纹端口 Screwed(Threaded)End BLR 锅炉

Boiler GPH 加仑/小时

Gallons Per Hour SJ 焊接连接 Solder Joint B/M 材料清单

Bill of Material GPM 加仑/分钟 Gallons Per Minute SPEC 规格说明 Specification

BTU 英国热量单位

British Thermal Unit(s)IBBM 铸铁阀体，青铜安装 Iron Body, Bronze Mounted STD 标准 Standard C 摄氏度

Degree Centigrade IN LB 英寸-磅 Inch-pound SWP 蒸汽工作压力 Steam Working Pressure CxC 铜对铜

Copper to Copper IPS 铁管口径 Iron Pipe Size TEMP 温度

Temperature

CDA 美国铜开发协会

Copper Development Association MSS 美国阀门及其部件行业的制造商标准化协会 Manufacturers Standardization Society

of the Valve and Fitting Industry TRIM 某些阀门部件的专用术语，如阀瓣，阀座环，阀杆，和重填填料阀座衬套 Term designating certain valve parts such as discs, seat rings, stems, and repacking seat bushings COND 冷凝器

Condenser NEC 美国国家电器法典 National Electrical Code UB 整体阀盖 Union Bonnet COP 铜

Copper NPT 美国标准锥管螺纹

American Standard Taper Pipe Thread UL 表示经过美国保险商实验室有限公司认 证的产品

Indicates product has been approved by Underwriter's Laboratories, Inc.CSA 加拿大标准协会

Canadian Standards Association NRS 暗杆 Non-Rising Stem VAC 真空 Vacuum CV 止回阀 Check Valve OD 外径

Outside Diameter VOL 提及，容量

Volume

CWP 冷水工作压力

Cold Working Pressure OS&Y 外螺纹和轭架 Outside Screw and Yoke WOG 水，油，气工作压力 Water, Oil, Gas Working Pressure CYL 圆柱体气缸 Cylinder PNEU 气动 Pneumatic WWP 水工作压力 Water Working Pressure DC 直流电

Direct Current PRESS 压力 Pressure

DD 双阀瓣

Double Disc PRV 减压阀 Pressure Reducing Valve

PSI 磅/平方英寸

Pounds Per Square Inch

L形三通式L-pattern three way塞子（或球体）的通路呈“L“形的三通式 T形三通式T-pattern three way塞子（或球体）的通路呈“T“形的三通式

安全阀safety valve一种自动阀门，它不借助任何外力，而是利用介质本身的力来排出额定数量的流体，以防止系统内压力超过预定的安全值，当压力恢复正常后，阀门再行关闭并阻止介质继续流出

暗杆闸阀inside screw non-rising stem type gate valve阀杆作旋转运动、其传动螺纹在体腔内部的闸阀

保温式steam jacket type带有蒸汽加热夹套结构的各种阀门

背压率rate of back pressure工作背压与工作压力的百分比

波纹管密封式bellows seal type用波纹管作阀杆主要密封的各种阀门

波纹管平衡式安全阀bellows seal balance safety valve利用波纹管平衡背压的作用，以保持开启压力不变的安全阀

波纹管式减压阀bellows reducing valve采用波纹管作敏感元件，来带动阀瓣运动的减压阀 波纹管式减压阀bellows seal reducing valve采用波纹管机构来带动阀瓣升降运动的减压阀

薄膜式减压阀diaphragm reducing valve采用薄膜作传感件来带动阀瓣升降运动的减压阀 不封闭式unseal type排放介质时，允许介质向现场大气泄漏的一种安全阀结构

第五篇：面试自我介绍(中英对照)

尊敬的领导、各位评委：

上午（下午、晚上）好！

我叫XX，今年XX岁，是XX大学XX学院XX专业20XX届应届毕业生，应聘的职位是xx。

回顾大学四年的学习生活，感触很深、收获颇丰，掌握了专业知识，培养了自己各方面的素质和能力。当然我也存在一些不足之处，但我正视缺点和不足，不断的努力，使自己得到更大提高。

这次我选择这个职位除了专业对口以外，我觉的我也十分喜欢这个职位，相信它能让我充分实现我的社会理想和体现自身的价值，我也认为我有能力有信心做好这份工作。

非常感谢大家给予我这次面试学习的机会。谢谢！

Dear leaders

Good（morning）afternoon everyone

My name isXX,XX years old，is theXX University XX College ofXX specialized 20XX sessions of graduates,Want to apply for the position is XX

Review the four years of university life, very deep feelings, harvest, master professional knowledge, cultivate their various aspects of quality and capability.I also have some deficiencies, but I face the shortcomings and deficiencies, continuous efforts, to further improve

This time I choose this job in addition to professional counterparts, I think I'm very like this position, I believe it will allow me to fully realize my social ideal and the value of my own, I think I have the ability to have the confidence to do this job

Thank you very much for giving me this interview the opportunity to learn.Thank you.