第一篇:河南省郑州市2014年高中毕业年级第二次质量预测理综答案
2014年高中毕业年级第二次质量预测
生物参考答案
一、选择题
1.B2.C3.D4.D5.D6.C
二、非选择题(除注明的外,每空1分)
29.(10分)
(1)空间结构大豆
(2)亚硫酸氢钠浓度和不同农作物(2分)排除无关变量的干扰
(3)C3的还原类囊体结构的薄膜上否
(4)在200~300 ppm之间进行多组亚硫酸氢钠溶液浓度梯度平行实验(2分)
30.(10分)
(1)淋巴因子记忆B(淋巴)细胞自身免疫病
(2)Ⅰ.①抗体②胸腺③向A、B组小鼠各注射适量且等量的H7N9禽流感病毒疫苗Ⅱ.①抗体含量不变抗体含量增加②抗体含量增加抗体含量增加
31.(11分)
Ⅰ.(1)两者在杂交过程中都保持完整性和独立性;两者都是在体细胞中成对存在,生殖细胞中减半;成对存在的基因或染色体都是一个来自父方,一个来自母方;在形成配子时,非同源染色体以及非等位基因都表现出自由组合。(写出任意两项即可,每项1分,计2分)
(2)类比推理果蝇的白眼基因
Ⅱ.(1)控制酶的合成控制代谢过程
(2)BbXAXa(2分)BbXaY(2分)
(3)深红眼雌蝇∶猩红眼雌蝇∶深红眼雄蝇∶猩红眼雄蝇∶无色雄蝇=6∶2∶3∶4∶1(2分)
32.(8分)
(1)食物链
(2)捕食者(植食性鱼类)增多竞争者(浮游藻类)大量繁殖
(3)饵料中的能量生产者固定的太阳能
(4)减少
(5)凌晨水中的溶解氧含量最低
39.(15分)
(1)酵母菌20培养液的缺氧环境及酵母菌产生大量酒精能抑制绝大多数微生物的生长繁殖(2分)
(2)过程③所用酵母菌是兼性厌氧型,过程④所用醋酸菌是好氧型(2分)
酶 C2H5OH+O22O(2分)
(3)芳香油含量较高压榨压榨
(4)焦糊水解
(5)植物组织培养高压蒸汽灭菌
40.(15分)
(1)基因组文库PCR热稳定DNA聚合酶(Taq酶)显微注射滋养层
(2)核移植胚胎移植(3)体外受精
(4)相同胚胎分割将内细胞团均等分割(2分)
(5)胰蛋白酶饲养层(6)(动物)血清
2014年高中毕业年级第二次质量预测
化学参考答案
7.A8.C9.B10.B11.C12.D13.D
26.(14分)
(1)NaHCO3、Na2SO4(2分)
(2)Mg2B2O5·H2O+2NaOH === 2NaBO2+2Mg(OH)2↓(2分)
(3)2Na++4BO2+2CO2+11H2O === Na2B4O7·10H2O↓+2HCO3(2分)--
(4)硼酸的酸性小于硫酸,符合复分解反应由强酸制弱酸的原理,且硼酸的溶解度较小,从溶液中析出有利于该反应的进行。(2分)
(5)B2H6(g)+3O2(g)= B2O3(s)+3H2O(l)△H=-2165 kJ·mol-1(2分)
(6)B2O3+3CaF2+3H2SO4(浓)=2BF3+3CaSO4+3H2O(2分)
(7)NaBO3·H2O(2分)
27.(14分)
(1)将装置冷却后补加碎瓷片(1分)
(2)减少副产物乙醚生成(1分)
(3)装置B中的长导管有水柱上升(1分)装置D中温度过低,产品1, 2-二溴乙烷在试管中凝固(2分)
(4)吸收乙烯气体中含有的CO2、SO2等酸性气体(2分)Br2 + 2OH = Br+ BrO+H2O(2分)---
(5)①浓硫酸将部分乙醇氧化 ②发生副反应生成乙醚 ③乙醇挥发 ④乙烯流速过快,和液溴反应不充分(答出其中的任意2条即可)(2分)
(6)C(1分)
(7)降低反应液的温度,液封Br2及1,2-二溴乙烷,减少其挥发。(2分)
28.(15分)
(1)4(2分)
(2)-41.8 kJ·mol-1(2分)
(3)0.075 mol·L-1· min-1(2分)9(2分)
(4)①<(2分)KA=KB>KC(2分)
②CH3OH-6e-+ H2O = CO2 + 6H+(2分)3(1分)
36.【化学——选修2:化学与技术】(15分)
(1)蒸发结晶(或蒸发)(1分)
(2)BC(2分)
(3)2Cl-+ 2H2O2OH-+ H2↑ + Cl2↑(2分)
(4)NH3CO2(2分)NH3极易溶于水,生成碱性溶液,有利于吸收更多的CO2(2分)
(5)MgCl2+H2O Mg(OH)Cl+HCl(2分)
(6)MgO比MgCl2熔点高,电解MgO比电解MgCl2耗能高(2分)
(7)Mg(OH)2在溶液中存在沉淀溶解平衡:Mg(OH)2Mg2+ + 2OH-,CH3COONH4电离出来的NH4+与OH-结合生成弱电解质NH3H2O,促进Mg(OH)2的沉淀溶解平衡正向移动。(2分)
37.【化学——选修3:物质结构与性质】(15分)
(1)c(1分)
(2)SrTiO3(2分)
(3)M(1分)9(1分)
(4)1s2s2p3s3p3d4s 或[Ar]3d4s
226268282(2分)(5)(2分)CH3CH3(2分)
(6)H8AuCu3(2分)
(7)260(2分)a3NA
38.【化学——选修5:有机化学基础】(15分)
(1)1(1分)2—甲基—2—丙醇(2分)
(2)消去反应(1分)Cu或Ag做催化剂加热(1分)
(3)(2分)
(4)(2分)
(2分)
(5)6(2分)
HOOCCH2CH2COOH(2分)
2014年高中毕业年级第二次质量预测
物理参考答案
二、选择题(本题共8小题,每小题6分。在每小题给出的四个选项中,第14~18题只有一项符合题目要求,第19~21题有多项符合题目要求。全部选对的得6分,选对但不全的得3分,有选错的得0分。)
14C15D16C17B18A19AD20AC21AB
22.(1)6(1分)7(1分)(2)0.80(1分)0.96(1分)(3)0.20(3分)
23.(1)(4分)保持R2不变,开关S2接1,调节RP,读出电流表和电压表的示数I1,U1
(2)(4分)Rx'U2U1 I2I1
24.带电粒子在匀强电场中运动时
l=v0t①2分
vyqEt②2分
m
v2分
由①②③得
:v02分
tanvy
v01
进入磁场后做匀速圆周运动,v2
qvBm④2分 R
dR(1sin)⑤2分
解得
:d1)mv02分
qB
1)mv0 qB即磁场宽度d
25.(1)无传送带时,物体由B运动到C,做平抛运动,设物体在B点的速度为vB,则
LvBt①1分
h12gt②1分 2
1分 由①②得
:vB有传送带时,设物体离开传送带时的速度为v1,则有 Lv1t③1分 2
112④1分 mgLmv12mvB22
3L由①②③④得1分
8h
v11分(2)设物体离开传送带时的速度为v2,则
mgRmgR
mgR1212mv2mv0⑤1分 2212mvB⑥1分 2
ODv2t⑦1分
L由②⑤⑥⑦得
:OD2
(3)当皮带的速度vv11分 Lg时,物体P一直减速,物体P离开皮带时的速度等22h
于v1,物体着地点与O点的距离x=L;2分 当皮带速度vLg,物体P一直加速,根据动能定理有 22h
mg
解得v3LL1212mv3mvB1分 2227g1分 8h
所以,当皮带速度LLg7g1分
vL时,x22h8h27g71L。2分 时,x8h2当皮带速度vv3L
33.⑴CDE6分
⑵当锅内压强达到最大时,对限压阀有: PSP0Smg①3分
SD2
4②
5由①②得:P2.41310Pa2分
高压锅内水的沸点将增加
tpp040℃2分 33.510
t100t140℃2分
34.⑴ABD6分
⑵设黄光的临界角为C,则sinC13分 nC302分
所以,有光射出部分的圆弧所对应的圆心角也是C30,对应圆弧的长度为
30R4分 l2R6360
35.⑴ABD6分
⑵设运沙船撞击桥墩的力为F,由动量定理得 Ft0mv4分
解得F=1.5×107N2分 1.2106
非通航孔桥墩的防撞冲击力为F0404105N2分 120
运沙船对非通航孔的撞击力F>4.0×105N,超出非通航孔桥墩防撞击设计标准。1分
第二篇:河南省郑州市2015年高中毕业年级第二次质量预测文综政治试题
郑州市2015年高中毕业年级第二次质量预测文综政治试题
12.牛羊肉是老百姓餐桌上的常见食品,自从2014年7月以来曾一度被高捧的“羊贵妃”受市场供应充足影响,价格持续下降,而牛肉供给基本稳定,在不考虑其他因素情况下,下列传导过程正确的是
① ② ③ ④
A.①→④→②→③ B.③→①→②→④ C.①→④→③→② D.③→①→④→② 13.图5为2009-2014年我国一次能源消费同比增速及GDP增速,根据图表可以推断出
①我国一次能源消费增速随着经济发展而变化 ②我国一次能源消费量的减少制约了经济的发展
③能源结构的优化使一次能源的消费量随GDP的增长而减少 ④节能减排的力度加大使一次能源消费的增速低于GDP增速 A.①② B.①④ C.②③ D.③④
14.2014年11月21日,中国人民银行宣布从次日起下调金融机构人民币贷款和存款基准利率。值得注意的是,本次降息是非对称的,金融机构一年期贷款基准利率下调0.4个百分点,一年期存款基准利率下调只有0.25个百分点,同时将金融机构存款利率浮动区间的上限由存款基准利率的1.1倍调整为1.2倍。上述举措有利于
①降低企业的融资成本,支持企业发展 ②缩小存贷款利差,扩大银行的盈利空间 ③倒逼银行加快业务调整,转变盈利模式 ④发挥行政手段的作用,促进经济发展 A.①② B.①③ C.②④ D.③④
15.2013年中国进出口贸易总额高达4.16万亿美元,取代美国成为全球最大贸易国,引起外界强烈关注。但长期以来我国产品参与国际竞争主要依赖数量和价格优势,缺乏核心竞争力。为此我国应该
①加强技术创新和品牌建设,提升出口竞争优势 ②优化出口贸易结构,提高对外贸易效益
③发挥劳动力资源优势,大力发展劳动密集型产品 ④加大对出口企业的补贴,强化价格竞争优势
A.①② B.②③ C.①④ D.③④
16.北京市某区依托智慧城市理念,整合各类服务资源,构建一个全响应式社会服务管理平台,通
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过管理平台,政府部门能够快速掌握服务对象的需求,服务对象也能及时掌握政府部门发布的信息,并能实现及时互动。该区此举旨在
①加大简政放权力度,降低行政成本 ②整合行政管理资源,提高服务效能 ③增加政府职能部门,防止管理缺位 ④创新管理服务模式,打造阳光政务 A.①② B.①③ C.②④ D.③④
17.近年来,河南、江苏等地的人民法院相继尝试采用微博或网站直播庭审,网民足不出户便可收看庭审实况并参与互动。推进网络庭审直播
①方便了公民有序参与司法审判 ②制约了人民法院独立行使审判权 ③保障了公民的知情权、监督权 ④提高了司法的透明度和公信力 A.①② B.②③ C.①④ D.③④
18.面对埃博拉疫情,中国政府积极响应联合国和世界卫生组织的呼吁,向疫情严重的多个国家提供防护救治物资、粮食和现汇,紧急调派医疗专家,帮助非洲国家防控疫情,赢得多方赞誉。这表明中国
①全面参与联合国的各项工作 ②勇于承担国际道义责任
③立足共同利益发展对外合作关系 ④在国际事务中发挥建设性作用 A.①② B.①③ C.②④ D.③④
19.1976年,郑州市陇海大院居民高新海因病高位截瘫,生活不能自理,邻居、战友们自觉承担起照顾他的义务,30多年来爱心接力从未间断。如今这个大院誉满绿城,成为郑州市一张精神文明的名片。该居民“小区”的邻里“大爱”能够 ①提高市民文明修养,回避生活中的思想道德冲突 ②引导市民弘扬传统美德,决定城市文明的发展方向 ③感召市民践行社会主义荣辱观,提升城市形象
④激发群众参与志愿活动的热情,创建文明和谐社区 A.①② B.①③ C.②④ D.③④
20.总书记强调,我们党必须不断接受马克思主义哲学智慧的滋养,增强辩证思维、战略思维能力,努力提高解决我国改革发展基本问题的本领。这是因为马克思主义哲学
①是建设中国特色社会主义的理论基础 ②能为我国解决改革发展问题提供具体方法 ③是指导我们有效改造世界的终极真理 ④能增强群众认识世界和改造世界的能力 A.①② B.②③ C.①④ D.③④
21.《孔子家语》有载:鲁国在年终举行盛大的腊祭,庆祝一年的劳动成果。孔子带着一群弟子去观赏,他笑着对子贡说:“你看见他们心里的快乐吗?”子贡不屑地说:“这个国家的人都疯了,我看不出有什么值得快乐的。”孔子教训他道:“唉!你懂得什么啊,百日之劳,换来的不过是一天的快乐,这是上天赐予的恩泽,也是人生的意义所在啊!”。孔子与子贡对腊祭的不同看法表明
①形成正确认识要坚持主观与客观的统一②意识会因人们对事物认识角度的不同而不同 ③意识源于个人的内心体验,具有自觉选择性④不同的人对同一事物的认识不可能相同 A.①② B.①③ C.②④ D.③④
22.雁群飞行时一般都是排成人字阵或一字斜阵,并定时交换左右位置。生物专家研究发现:雁群这一飞行阵势能够使它们飞得最快最省力,因为后一只大雁能够借助于前一只大雁的羽翼所产生的空气动力更省力地飞行,一段时间后,它们交换左右位置,目的是使另一侧的羽翼也能借助于空气动力缓解疲劳。管理专家将其运用于人力资源管理,称之为“雁阵效应”。“雁阵效应”启示我们要
①统筹全局,以实现整体的最佳功能
②注重结构的优化趋向,使部分功能之和大于整体
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③重视系统的动态有序性,以保持内部结构的稳定 ④重视关键部分,发挥其对整体的决定作用 A.①② B.①③ C.②④ D.③④
23.匈牙利记者比罗某次写稿时不小心划破了稿纸,他想,要是把笔尖换成圆珠就好了。于是,他请教一名化学家,化学家说:“笔尖换成圆珠没问题,可是圆珠的周围能漏出墨水才可以写字呀!”比罗想,如果让圆珠转动的时候控制墨水的流量不就行了吗?经过反复试验,他终于发明了依靠圆珠的转动送出墨水的圆珠笔。圆珠笔的发明过程进一步印证了 ①在实践中敢于突破惯性思维是实现创新的必要条件 ②创新是在改造旧事物积极因素的基础上寻找新思路 ③不断质疑原有的经验是实现创新的根本途径
④把握偶然联系才能创造出符合现实需要的必然联系 A.①② B.①③ C.②④ D.③④ 38.(26分)阅读材料,回答下列问题。
旅游是是人民生活水平提高的重要指标,是小康生活的基本需求。当前,我国旅游正面临新的发展机遇。
材料一 2014年预计我国国内旅游人数约36亿人次,增长10%,人均出游率已经接近3次;全年完成旅游直接投资6800亿元,同比增长32%,其中民间资本占57%成为旅游投资的主力,打破了国有、集体资本一统天下的格局;全年新增5A级旅游景区9家,目前全国5A级旅游景区总数达184家。
汪洋副总理指出,在新常态下,旅游业是稳增长的重要引擎,是惠民生的重要抓手,是生态文明建设的重要支撑,在国民经济和社会发展中的重要战略地位更加凸显。
材料二 自2013年10月1日旅游法实施以来,全国人大常委会多次开展旅游法执法检查。2014年9月,检查组赴陕西、浙江等5省(区)实地查看当地的旅游基础设施情况,检查旅游市场秩序,听取当地政府及旅游相关部门的汇报,召开座谈会了解旅行社、景区、游客的意见,并向当地政府反馈了检查情况,要求各级政府、各相关部门进一步加大旅游法贯彻实施力度,促进旅游业持续健康发展。
(1)结合材料一,概括我国旅游业发展的特点,并分析我国发展旅游业是如何按照全面建成小康社会的新要求提高人民生活水平的。(14分)
(2)结合材料二,运用政治生活知识,说明全国人大常委会为什么要开展旅游法执法检查。(12分)
39.(26分)阅读材料,回答下列问题。
“文化是大学的灵魂,是办好大学最重要的精神资源和无形资产。”某大学建校90年来,引导学生在实践中收获真知,推动校园文化发展。学生通过参加“社团文化节”、“青春微电影”等活动积极秉承以“博学、至学、勤学”为主要内涵的“五五四”精神,逐渐形成了“尚诚朴、勤学问、重团结、养正气”优良学风。学校积极搭建校企合作平台,学生积极申报参与创新性项目,科技创新成绩斐然,创新文化蔚然成风。多年来,志愿者帮扶活动在该校常态化、多样化,学生深入农村开展义务家教、义诊、科普宣传等活动,极大提升了广大师生的文明素养和学校声誉,促进农村的精神文明建设工作。
(1)运用文化生活知识,说明学生实践活动对促进校园文化发展的作用。(10分)
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(2)大学生深入农村开展义务家教、科普宣传活动,促进了农村精神文明的发展,有人据此认为“大学生是价值的创造者,帮扶对象是价值的享受者。”你是如何评价这一观点的?运用所学哲学知识说明理由。(12分)
(3)教育具有选择、传递、创造文化的特定功能,请从其中任选两个功能,结合自己参与的实践活动说明该功能的教育意义。(4分)
2015年高中毕业年级第二次质量预测
政治 参考答案
一、选择题(每小题4分,共48分)
12.D 13.B 14.B 15.A 16.C 17.D 18.C 19.D 20.C 21.A 22.B 23.A
二、非选择题(共52分)38.(26分)
(1)我国旅游市场规模大,旅游消费需求旺盛;大众化的旅游发展趋势明显;旅游业成为投资的热点领域,投资主体多元化;旅游产品质量不断提高。(5分)
发展旅游业推动了产业结构的优化升级,促进了经济持续健康发展,为人民生活水平的提高奠定物质基础;(3分)扩大了就业,增加了收入,促进了人民生活水平的提高;(3分)促进了资源的节约、环境的保护,优化了人居环境,提高人民的生活质量。(3分)
(2)人民代表大会是人民行使国家权力的机关,全国人大开展旅游法执法检查是维护人民意志的体现,有利于依法维护消费者和经营者的合法权益;(4分)全国人大具有监督权,开展执法检查有利于监督政府认真履行职责,加强旅游公共服务体系建设,维护旅游市场秩序;(4分)全国人大开展执法检查是积极落实依法治国的必然要求,有利于旅游法的贯彻实施,做到有法必依,有利于促进旅游业的持续健康发展。(4分)
39.(26分)
(1)社会实践是文化创新的源泉和动力,校园文化的发展离不开以学生为实践主体的文化创新。(4分)学生参加社团活动,继承学校优良学风,加强学风建设,积极打造校园精神;(2分)
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积极参与科学研究,开展校企合作提升了创新能力,营造良好的校园文化创新氛围;(2分)开展志愿者帮扶活动,促进文化交流传播,提升了该校的社会影响力,树立校园良好的文明风尚。(2分)
(2)人的价值在于对社会的责任和贡献,大学生通过义务服务活动满足社会及他人的需要,同时促进社会精神文明建设;(4分)人又是价值的享受者,大学生利用学校搭建的平台和社会提供的条件去创造价值,同时也得到了社会的认可,提升了自身素质;(4分)人是价值创造者和享受者的统一,大学生在创造价值和享受价值的统一中实现自己的人生价值,帮扶对象在享受价值的同时也创造价值。(4分)
(3)选择文化功能:课堂上学习社会主义核心价值观的内涵,提高自身的道德素质; 传递文化功能:通过主题班会关注党和国家的各项方针政策,坚定自己的政治立场; 创造文化功能:在物理实验中仔细观察,发现问题,撰写实验报告,提高自己的创新能力。(4分,任答两点即可)
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第三篇:2013年河南省郑州市高中毕业年级第二次质量预测语文试卷及答案
一、基础演练
1.下列加点字的注音完全正确的一项是()
A监生(jiān)更迭(dié)残骸(hái)陈抟老祖(tuán)B烟霭(ǎi)朱拓(tuò)两颊(jiá)间或一轮(jiàn)C嗜杀(shì)呜咽(wū)桅杆(wéi)沸反盈天(yíng)D渣滓(zǐ)戳进(chuō)俨然(yǎn)少不更事(gèng)2.下列各组词语中书写完全正确的一项是()
A谬种 尘芥 训熟 百无聊赖 B搭讪 蹙缩 炮烙 见风使舵 C唾弃 草窠 歆享 揣揣不安D牲醴 寒喧 倔强 踌躇满志 3.依次填入下列各句横线处的词语,最恰当的一项是()
①我叫阿毛,没有应,出去一看,只见豆撒得一地,没有我们的阿毛了。他是不是到别家去玩了;各处去一问,没有。
②这故事倒颇有效,男人听到这里,往往敛起笑容,没趣的走开了;女人们却不独 了她似的,脸上立刻改了鄙薄的神气,还要陪出许多眼泪来。
③这个声音是没法表达出来的,或许这就是一个人觉得钉子穿过他的手,钉进木头时 声音吧。
A果然 宽恕 不由自主 B竟然 宽恕 不由自主 C竟然 饶恕 情不自禁 D果然 饶恕 情不自禁 4.下列句子中加点成语使用有误的一项是()
A你自己荐她来,又合伙劫她去,闹得沸反盈天的,大家看了成个什么样子?
B在1:2落后的情况下,山东鲁能队的主力前锋韩鹏不负众望,利用身高优势头球攻破对方球门。C直到指手画脚的将男人关在新房里,还是骂,啊呀呀,这真是……D全国青年歌手大奖赛参赛歌手的水平参差不齐,引发了全国观众的热烈讨论。5.下列各句中标点符号使用完全正确的一项是()
A她一手提着一个竹篮,内中一个破碗,空的;一手拄着一支比她更长的竹竿,下端开了裂,她分明已经纯乎是一个乞丐了。
B金秋时节的“天下泉城”济南,泉水涌动,景色宜人,彰显了济南“四面荷花三面柳,一城山色半城湖”的特色。
C围绕旅游与生物多样性的主题,世界旅游组织呼吁动员全球的政界、公众、旅游企业共同行动起来,保护地球生物,实现旅游业的可持续发展。
发出的D“想点开心的事吧,老家伙。”他说:“一分钟一分钟过去,离家越来越近了。” 6.下列各句中没有语病的一项是()
A《大明宫传奇》讲述了一幅古代大型壁画引出的传奇故事,时代定位在武则天在位的大唐盛世。B对戴望舒《雨巷》主题的理解,课后学生提出了异议,我认为是正确的。C关于复原米洛斯的维纳斯那条已经丢失了的胳膊的方案至少有三种以上。D大家在写作文时,一定要注意表达真情实感,切忌不要胡编乱造。
二、精段精炼
阅读下面的文字,回答后面的问题。
她脸上就显出恐怖的神色来,这是在山村里所未曾知道的。
“我想,你不如及早抵当。你到土地庙里去捐一条门槛,当作你的替身,给千人踏,万人跨,赎了这一世的罪名,免得死了去受苦。”
她当时并不回答什么话,但大约非常苦闷了,第二天早上起来的时候,两眼上便都围着大黑圈。早饭之后,她便到镇的西头的土地庙里去求捐门槛,庙祝起初执意不允许,直到她急得流泪,才勉强答应了。价目是大钱十二千。
她久已不和人们交口,因为阿毛的故事是早被大家厌弃了的;但自从和柳妈谈了天,似乎又即传扬开去,许多人都发生了新趣味,又来逗她说话了。至于题目,那自然是换了一个新样,专在她额上的伤疤。
“祥林嫂,我问你:你那时怎么竟肯了?”一个说。“唉,可惜,白撞了这-下。”一个看着她的疤,应和道。
她大约从他们的笑容和声调上,也知道是在嘲笑她,所以总是瞪着眼睛,不说一句话,后来连头也不回了。她整日紧闭了嘴唇,头上带着大家以为耻辱的记号的那伤痕,默默的跑街,扫地,洗莱,淘米。快够一年,她才从四婶手里支取了历来积存的工钱,换算了十二元鹰洋,请假到镇的西头去。但不到一顿饭时候,她便回来,神气很舒畅,眼光也分外有神,高兴似的对四婶说,自己已经在土地庙捐了门槛了。
冬至的祭祖时节,她做得更出力,看四婶装好祭品,和阿牛将桌子抬到堂屋中央,她便坦然的去拿酒杯和筷子。
“你放着罢,祥林嫂!”四婶慌忙大声说。
她像是受了炮烙似的缩手,脸色同时变作灰黑,也不再去取烛台,只是失神的站着。直到四叔上香的时候,教她走开,她才走开。这一回她的变化非常大,第二天,不但眼睛窈陷下去,连精神也更不济了。而且很胆怯,不独怕暗夜,怕黑影,即使看见人,虽是自己的主人,也总惴惴的,有如在白天出穴游行的小鼠,否则呆坐着,直是一个木偶人。不半年,头发也花白起来了,记性尤其坏,甚而至于常常忘却了去掏米。
“祥林嫂怎么这样了?倒不如那时不留她。”四婶有时当面就这样说,似乎是警告她。
然而她总如此,全不见有伶俐起来的希望。他们于是想打发她走了,教她回到卫老婆于那里去。但当我还在鲁镇的时候,不过单是这样说;看现在的情状,可见后来终于实行了。然而她是从四叔家出去就成了乞丐的呢,还是先到卫老婆子家然后再成乞丐的呢?那我可不知道。
我给那些因为在近旁而极响的爆竹声惊醒,看见豆一般大的黄色的灯火光,接着又听得毕毕剥剥的鞭炮,是四叔家正在“祝福”了;知道已是五更将近时候。我在蒙胧中,又隐约听到远处的爆竹声联绵不断,似乎合成一天音响的浓云,夹着团团飞舞的雪花,拥抱了全市镇。我在这繁响的拥抱中,也懒散而且舒适,从白天以至初夜的疑虑,全给祝福的空气一扫而空了,只觉得天地圣众歆享了牲醴和香烟,都醉醺醺的在空中蹒跚,豫备给鲁镇的人们以无限的幸福。7.在选文中,作者为了刻画祥林嫂的形象,主要采用何种描写手法?请具体说说。答: 8.你认为祥林嫂是一个怎样的人? 答:
9.这篇小说为什么以“祝福”为题目,而不用“祥林嫂”为题目?这样有什么好处? 答:
10.就选文看,你认为祥林嫂的死有哪些因素? 答:
三、课外延伸
阅读下文,完成后面的问题。
几分钟后,伽西莫多用失望的眼神扫视了人们一遍,又用更加令人心碎的声音喊道:“给水喝!” 仍然只引起一阵哄笑。
“喝这个吧!”罗班•普斯潘叫喊着,把一块在阴沟里泡过的海绵扔到他的脸上,“拿去吧,恶汉!算我欠你的情哪!”
有个妇人把一块石子向他头上扔去:“这是给你在黑夜里用那些倒霉的钟警醒我们的教训!” “喂,小子!”一跛脚使劲拄着拐杖走到他跟前喊道,“你还在圣母院塔顶上咒骂我们不?” “这只碗给你去喝水!”一个男人把一个破瓦罐向他的胸脯扔去,“我老婆就是因为看见你从她面前走过,才生下了一个两个脑袋的娃娃。”
“我的母猫生下了一只六只脚的小猫!”一个老妇把一块瓦片向他头上扔去,尖声嚷道。“给水喝!”伽西莫多喘息着喊了三遍。
这时他看见人群里闪开一条路,走出了一位装束奇特的姑娘,身边带着一只金色特角的雪白的小山羊,手里拿着一面小鼓。
伽西莫多的独眼闪了一下,原来就是昨晚曾经想抢走的那个波希米亚姑娘呀。他模糊地意识到正是因为那件事他此刻才在这里受惩罚呢。何况这种事在这个世界上并不算稀罕,他不是由于不幸耳聋,又由于被一位聋法官审问,才受到了惩处的吗?他十分相信她是来向他报复的,也是向别人一样来打他的。
看见她真的迅速走上石阶,愤怒和轻视使他透不过气,他真想把刑台打个粉碎,假若她的独眼能够发出雷电,那波希米亚姑娘一定会给雷电击毙,上不了刑台啦。
她一言不发地走进那扭着身子枉自躲避她的犯人,从胸前取出一只葫芦,温柔地举到那可怜人干裂的嘴边。
这时,人们看见他那一直干燥如焚的独眼里,滚出了一大颗眼泪,沿着那长时间被失望弄皱了的难看的脸颊慢慢流下来。这也许是那不幸的人生平第一次流出的眼泪。
这是他竟忘记了要喝水了,那埃及姑娘不耐烦地扁了扁小嘴,微笑着把水倒在伽西莫多张着的嘴里,他一口气喝着,他显然是渴到极点了。
喝完水,那可怜人便要伸出嘿嘿的嘴,无疑是想吻吻那帮助了他的美丽的小手。但那姑娘有些疑惑,想起来前一晚上那件未遂的暴行,便像小孩害怕被野兽咬着似的,惊恐地把手缩回去了。于是那可怜人的聋子用充满责怪和无限悲哀的眼光望着她。那漂亮、鲜艳、纯洁、迷人而又那么娇弱的姑娘,竟会那样好心肠地跑去救助一个如此可怜可恶的家伙,那情景无论如何是很动人的,而这件事又发生在一个刑台上,那就更为动人了。观众也被感动了,大家拍手喊道:“好极了,好极了!”(节选自雨果《巴黎圣母院》)
11.小说中对众人围攻咒骂这一场面描写有何作用? 答:
12.鲁迅先生说:“要极俭省地画出一个人的特点,最好的是画他的眼睛。”选文中四次写到伽西莫多的眼睛,请逐条分析他的心理活动。答:
13.爱斯梅拉达送水喝这一情节在文中有什么作用? 答: 14.读完选文,你有哪些启示? 答:
四、课外延伸
15.下面两个句子都写到“经验”,前一个句子直接表述言简意赅,后一个句子比喻说理形象生动,请以“怀疑”为话题,仿写两句话。例:经验是智慧之母。
经验如果任其野马般的乱奔乱驰,必将在单纯的黑暗中摸索。与其说是指导人的,毋宁说是使他人陷入混乱。
答:
16.自古以来,我国对婴、幼、少、青、壮、中、老各个年龄的称谓,真可谓是名目繁多,雅致有趣。请将下列称谓写上大致的年龄。
豆蔻年华()孩提()弱冠()而立之年()不惑之年()耄耋之年()桃李年华()总角()
17.仿照例句,以“竹”为话题,分别从正反面立意,写两句对人生有警示作用的句子。例:彩虹 正面:为了让别人赏心悦目,献上自己的七彩人生。
反面:只务虚而不务实,决定了它只能是昙花一现。事物名称:竹
正面: 反面:
五、作文
阅读下面的文字,根据要求作文。
很多人为了钱而从事自己不喜欢的工作。也有的人认为,理想的工作应该是能带来创造力,带来自我满足,能感到愉快。
你认为一个人应该为感到愉快而工作呢,还是应该为一个能提供高工资,但却令自己痛恨的职位去工作呢?
请根据以上材料自拟一个题目,写一篇不少于800字的作文。
【参考答案】
一、1.C(A监jiànB拓tàD更gēng)2.B(A训—驯C揣揣—惴惴D喧—暄)3.A4.C(“指手画脚”指说话时手脚做出各种动作,后比喻对别人的行为乱加干涉。应该为“七手八脚”。)5.B(A“下端开了裂”后面应该是冒号;C“旅游与生物多样性”加引号;D“他说”后的冒号改为逗号。)6.A(B有歧义;C“至少…以上”重复;D“切忌”改为“切记”。)
二、7.神态描写。①她脸上就显出恐怖的神色来②两眼上便都围着大黑圈③神气很舒畅,眼光也分外有神,高兴似的对四婶说④脸色同时变作灰黑,只是失神的站着。不但眼睛窈陷下去,连精神也更不济了。8.她是旧中国劳动妇女的典型。勤劳善良、朴实,富有抗争精神,但因受封建礼教的严重毒害,虽然不断抗争,但最终被社会所吞没。9.①小说起于祝福,结于祝福,中间一再写到祝福,情节的发展与祝福有着密切的关系。②通过这个标题,能把“凶人的愚顽的欢呼”和“悲惨的弱者的不幸”鲜明地摆到读者的面前,形成强烈的对比,从而增强了祥林嫂遭遇的悲剧性。10.①柳妈的捐门槛告诫;②鲁镇人们的冷嘲热讽;③捐完门槛后仍受歧视的打击;④自己深受封建礼教的毒害等。
三、11.①表现了群众对伽西莫多劫持爱斯梅拉达这一行为的愤怒;②同时表现了群众的冷酷、刻薄;③反衬爱斯梅拉达的善良、纯洁和宽容;④为伽西莫多感激爱斯梅拉达做铺垫。12.①第一次描写表现了他因无人送水而感到失望;②第二次描写表现他对爱斯梅拉达的出现由惊讶到愤怒的心理变化;③第三次描写表现了他因爱斯梅拉达无私救助而惊讶惭愧和感激的心情;④第四次描写表现了他因被误解时的责怪和悲哀。13.①与众人的表现形成鲜明的对比,使情节更具波澜,推动了情节发展;②她的善行感化了伽西莫多和众人,塑造了爱斯梅拉达这一善与美化身的形象。14.①要学会宽容;②给每个人都留有改过的机会;③善良能感化丑恶的灵魂;④真善美是人们理想的生活境界。(言之成理即可)
四、15.①怀疑是知识之父。②怀疑如若任其如毒蛇般缠住一个人的心,必将使之成为窒息人的绳索,与其说是求知的发端,毋宁说是对天才的扼杀。16.13岁左右的女孩;2—3岁;20岁男人;30岁男人;40岁男人;80—90岁;20岁女人;幼年泛称。17.正面:气节和谦虚的完美结合,使你生机勃勃。反面:既有内心空虚的不足,又有节外生枝的恶习。
第四篇:郑州市2013年高中毕业年级第二次质量预测语文答案
2013年高中毕业年级第二次质量预测
语文参考答案
一、现代文阅读(9分,每小题3分)
1.D(曲解文意,“杂剧有„„出场人物„„的限制”错误,原文中说出场人物“不一”)
2.C(或然当必然,原文中只是推测《琵琶记》“应该会在都城南京演出”,而非既成事实“曾在南京演出过”)
3.A(无中生有,从文中来看,“李德裕《论故循州司马杜元颖追赠》”并未记载当时的“杂剧盛况”)
二、古代诗文阅读(36分)
(一)文言文阅读(19分)
4.D(革:读jí,急,重。)
5.C(②表明刘珙的诏檄感奋人心;⑤表明刘珙成功破敌;⑥表明刘珙善纳人言)
6.D(应为:继母去世时,刘珙五十多岁。)
7.(1)况且让我们中原(地区)的疲困百姓,被远方蛮夷的野兽困扰,难道是仁义圣明的(君主)做的事吗!
5分;译出大意给2分;“中国”(“中原”)、“于”(表被动)、“岂”(“难道”“怎么”)三处,每译对一处给1分。
(2)治理过的几处地方,老百姓爱戴他如同父母,听到他去世的消息,有的人停止集市贸易在街道上痛哭并共同祭祀他。
5分;译出大意给2分;“临”(“治理”“管理”“为官”等)、“相与”(“共同”“一同”“一起”等)、“祠”(“祭祀”“祭奠”等)三处,每译对一处给1分。
注意:1.关键词与“大意”不重复扣分;2.关键词译成近义词也可。
(二)古代诗歌阅读(11分)
8.从语义上看,“肌”意为肌肉,与诗意不合,它不能描摹鸟的特点,放在诗句中也与“不如”不搭配;(2分,意思对即可)“肥”字不仅符合诗意,而且能使“凫鹜”之肥与稚儿的瘦弱形成对比(而且表明稚儿连凫鹜胖都没有),更好地表现了诗歌的主题。(3分,能答出“符合诗意”1分,解析其表达效果和作用2分)
9.从诗中看,稚儿饥寒交迫的悲惨境遇并不是上天造成的,而是官府造成的。官府“桑柘连四海”,占有大量土地和财富,却根本不管百姓死活。(2分;其中观点1分,分析1分)写“百鸟”是为了反衬稚儿的悲惨境遇(与稚儿的悲惨境遇形成鲜明对比)。鸟有羽毛,人无衣装;鸟在千山飞雪的时候能够自由飞翔,稚儿在寒冬却只能赤立而泣。人对鸟的羡慕,深刻揭示了人不如鸟的悲惨现实,增强了诗歌的批判性。(3分。答出“反衬”“对比”等,给1分;分析1分;答出“羡慕鸟、人不如鸟”等1分)
(三)名篇名句默写(6分)
10.(1)居庙堂之高则忧其民处江湖之远则忧其君
(2)万里悲秋常作客艰难苦恨繁霜鬓
(3)秦人不暇自哀亦使后人而复哀后人也
(6分;每句1分,有错别字该句不得分)
三、文学类文本阅读(25分)
11.(1)答E给3分,答C给2分,答B给1分,答A、D不给分。(A项因果关系不当,对舅舅“没有太深印象”缺乏依据;B项“不能相见的绝望”理解不准确,文中的“绝望” 1
应主要指小宝因露露要走,挽留不住而感到绝望;D项“充分暴露了世故的‘大人’和率性的‘孩子’之间不可调和的矛盾”理解错误。)
(2)①以自我为中心(不懂事)。对房子、亲人都很少说“再见”,凡事只顾及自身感受,不考虑他人;离开舅舅家时还将一些装衣服的纸袋子遗弃在壁橱里;爱乱花钱,每次到舅舅家后,都大量购物。②消极逃避,不负责任。走不出父母失败的婚姻给自己带来的阴影,害怕遭逢母亲般的命运,不敢担当婚礼,不顾一切地逃跑,关闭手机,对母亲、新郎、亲朋都是极不负责任的。③能自我反省。为逃婚行为而心怀愧疚;能从“小宝”不愿与客人告别到主动与客人告别的偶然变化中自我反省,琢磨着要打开手机。④爱面子。逃婚来到舅舅家后,感到难为情,哪儿也不去。⑤容易冲动,不冷静。婚礼上,没有给任何人打招呼,就不顾一切地逃跑了。(6分;答出一点给2分,其中概括1分,分析1分;答出任意三点、意思对即可)
(3)①含蓄地写出朱丽的醒悟,完成人物形象的转变,使人物形象更加丰满。②与上文“关了手机”遥相呼应,并照应“朱丽退后一步,让窗帘挡住自己,犹如挡住了某种冲动”,使情节完整、合理。③结尾表明,朱丽在两个孩子的启发下,对于怎样对待他人、怎样与人交流有了新的认识,暗示了小说主题。④小说戛然而止,把朱丽将要做什么事,留给读者去想象和思考,言有尽而意无穷。(6分;答出一点给2分,答出任意三点、意思对即可。)
(4)观点一:同意。理由:①文中的“小宝”用“再见”告别时,生活才真正走进他的生命。“小宝”从对客人毫不在意、一心沉浸于自己的世界,到向客人打招呼、说“再见”,意味着一个孩子迈出了走向外部世界的步伐,真诚地向外部世界打开一扇心灵之窗。②朱丽通过对一个孩子成长变化的偶然发现,反省自己对“再见”一词的漠然,醒悟后有了打开手机的想法,要与外界联系,回到她真正的“生活”。一个从婚礼上逃出来的、不顾及亲人朋友的感受、只沉浸在自我世界中的女孩,看到了自己以外的世界,并决定积极面对。③能发自肺腑地对亲人、朋友,甚至房子说“再见”,其实是一个人在生活中对自身被忽略的情感世界的发现,也是尊重他人、关注外部世界的一种表现。
观点二:不同意。理由:①生活是从真诚的交流开始的。“小宝”的“再见”建立在与露露有共同语言、彼此间交流玩耍的基础上,所以露露离开时,小宝才会依依不舍,想要与对方再次相见,他们的生活开始于两人的真诚交流。②生活是从勇敢面对开始的。朱丽逃婚是惧怕自己的婚姻生活像母亲那样不幸,对婚姻的逃避其实是对未来生活的逃避,后来,小宝对待客人态度的转变影响了她,使她想要面对生活。③生活是从自我反省、自我觉醒开始的。朱丽的转变虽然受到了小宝行为的启发,但更重要的是她藏身客房时对自我行为的反省,对自己与他人关系的思考。
(8分;其中“观点”明确2分,“理由”答出一点给3分,答出任意两点、意思对即可)
四、实用类文本阅读(25分)
12.(1)答E给3分,答C给2分,答B给1分,答A、D不给分。(A项“绘制了《屈原》等多部影响深远的连环画精品”应在刘旦宅进入上海中国画院之前;B项“由于”变原文中的猜测为确定;D项“待人接物常有傲气”理解不准确,文中的“傲气”只是刘旦宅的行为给人的一种感觉)
(2)①有天赋。刘旦宅少年就有神童之名,10岁已在家乡举办过画展。②学识(国学底蕴)丰厚。有学无止境的精神,涉猎广泛,饱览诗书,思考深入。③热爱绘画,对技艺入迷探究。没有绘画工具时,刘旦宅甚至能在空中作画,利用“内心视觉”捕捉造型、布景及构图的感觉。④人格高尚。刘旦宅淡泊名利,专心求艺;为人坦荡,能做到“同行相亲”。(6分;答出一点给2分,答出任意三点、意思对即可,其中第④点的解说答出任一方面即可。)
(3)①风骨:珍爱自己作品,极少参与应酬,更不肯随便赠画;面对画价上涨,知音稀少的现实,毅然放弃作画。②大度:对“文革”期间伤害过自己的老友包容体谅,尊敬如故。③正直:敢于直言,抨击文化界的不良现状;毫不讳言地感慨自己的老师“倒霉”。(6分;三方面各2分,应分别回答,否则总体上扣1分;其中“风骨”“正直”的两个要点各1分)
(4)观点一:今后中国会再出现文化顶峰。理由:①文化积淀深厚。中华文化有着辉煌的历史,从老庄哲理、屈子离骚、晋代书法,一直到唐诗、宋画,一次次达到世界顶峰。如此优秀的传统文化,是我们再创辉煌的坚实根基。②杰出艺术家辈出。虽说当今中国文化界良莠不齐,但也不乏刘旦宅这样人格高尚、技艺高超的文化大师,而且具有创新精神和国际化视野的新一代艺术家不断涌现,如获得诺贝尔文学奖的莫言、追求纯粹艺术的杨丽萍等。有他们的引领和激励,相信会有越来越多的人在文学艺术上创造奇迹,迎来新的高峰。③文中说近年来“画价飞涨”,这在某种意义上也意味着艺术品市场的繁荣,艺术品通过买卖收藏而得以流传,有助于更多的艺术精品涌现,也吸引更多的人关注、研究、鉴赏艺术作品。
观点二:今后中国不会再出现文化顶峰。理由:①文化传承不够。中国的思想文化成熟早,老庄哲理、屈子离骚、晋代书法,一直到唐诗、宋画,一出现都达到世界的顶峰。从刘旦宅的希望来看,这些经典文化在当今并没有得到足够的重视和深入的研究。②世风浮躁,人们急功近利。文化艺术更多被商业所利用,正如刘旦宅所说,“画的画没人欣赏,只是被买来卖去,没有意思”“现在的文风、世道,什么都作为一个工程来对待。”文化与经济的发展不能协调统一,没有适合文化繁荣发展的社会环境。许多文艺创作都沾染了名利或政治色彩。③缺乏大师引领。出现文化顶峰需要带动文化艺术创新的大师级人物,更需要大批艺术家前赴后继。而像刘旦宅这样人格高尚,对艺术执着追求的大家日渐凋零,越来越少。
(如有其它观点,如“今后中国有可能出现文化顶峰”“今后中国可能不会出现文化顶峰”“中国今后能不能出现文化顶峰我同样感到困惑”等。只要能就文化传承、社会环境、大师引领等三个以上的角度辩证地谈,言之成理即可。)
[8分;其中“观点”明确2分,“理由”(应结合文本,同时联系现实)答出一点给3分,答出任意两点、意思对即可;从其他角度阐释,言之成理也可得满分。]
五、语言文字运用(20分)
13.B(A项“感同身受”不能带宾语;C项“探囊取物”望文生义;D项“人言啧啧”不合语境。)
14.C(A项成分残缺,应在句末加上“的倡议”;B项主语残缺,应删去“针对”;D项不合逻辑,一面与两面不照应,折射的应该是评选机制的“不公平”)
15.C(注意语句内容的衔接和标点符号的提示作用)
16.介绍:这是一幅标题为“解决问题”的漫画。(1分)画面左下角是一个内有“问题”二字的大大的没有盖子的黑色窨井;(1分)右边有一个人手拿小小的窨井盖,边跑边扭过头说:“正在着手解决!”(1分)
寓意:讽刺(批判)了那些口头承诺解决问题而实际上并没有真正解决问题(或“不负..........
责任”“敷衍塞责”等)的人或行为。(2分,少一处加点词扣1分)
或:讽刺了一些人对于出现的问题,不是切实想办法解决,而是应付上级,妄图遮掩隐.......瞒的行为。(2分,少一处加点词扣1分).
17.[示例]
野草,在乱石的压制下,茁壮成蓬勃的绿洲;
胡杨,在干旱的威胁中,挺立成不死的神话。
(6分;每句3分,其中句意连贯1分,拟人手法1分,句式与示例相同1分)
六、写作(60分)
18.参照2012年高考作文评分标准。
附:文言文参考译文
刘珙字共父。生来就有特殊的禀赋,因祖上庇荫补任承务郎,后考中进士乙科,升任礼部郎官。秦桧想要追赐自己的父亲谥号,召集礼官会合询问,刘珙不到会,秦桧发怒,暗示言官驱逐他。秦桧死后,刘珙才被召还朝担任吏部员外郎,兼任代理中书舍人。金人侵犯边界,宋军战败,诏令檄文多出自刘珙之手,语气激昂壮烈,听到的人都流泪。随从皇上到建康,车驾将要回宫,军队事务还没有可以托付的人,当时张浚留守建康,众人都寄期望于他。等到诏令发出,是派杨存中任江、淮宣抚使,刘珙不书写录黄(录黄,宋时中书省承旨起草的一种文件),并议论说不能这样。皇上发怒,命令再次发下,宰相召见刘珙说:“再进言就会连累张公。”刘珙说:“我是为国家着想,哪里有闲空为张公策划。”坚持上奏和最初一样,杨存中的任命于是停止。
安南进贡大象,经过的地方发动民夫开道,毁坏房舍,几十个州动荡不安。刘珙上奏说:“大象用于郊礼祭祀,不见于经书。况且让我们中原(地区)的疲困百姓,被远方蛮夷的野兽困扰,难道是仁义圣明的(君主)做的事吗!”湖北有茶盗几千人入境,守卫的官吏把这事报告朝廷,刘珙说:“这些人不是拼命的贼寇,对他们宽松他们就会分散各自求生存,对他们逼得紧他们就会聚集反抗至死。”贴出榜文晓谕他们悔过自新,宣称军队就要来了,命令所属州县准备几千人吃的食物,盗贼果然散去,那些留下来的没有多少人。刘珙于是发兵,告诫部下说:“盗贼来了不要急于作战,盗贼退走时不要穷追不舍,那些不肯退走的才予以打击罢了。”盗贼的士气更加松弛,于是仅一次战斗就击败了他们,全部生擒而归,杀掉为首作恶的几十人,其余的都列入军籍。
淳熙二年,刘珙调任建康知府。适逢水灾后又是旱灾,他首先上奏免除夏粮税钱六十万缗、秋苗米税十六万六千斛。禁止富豪大户囤积税米不出售,购得商人米三百万斛。从各衙门借钱共三万,派官员到长江上游买米,得米十四万九千斛。又运米到乡村,设置场地按平价以救济性质卖米,对借米的人也不收取抵押品。开始于当年九月,结束于第二年四月,全境没有饿死逃亡的人。
进为观文殿学士,生了病,请求退休。病重时,起草遗奏说:“陈俊卿忠良实在,可以担负大事,张栻学问纯厚正派,可以补纠缺失,希望赶快召见任用他们。”然后又写信与张栻和朱熹诀别,所说的话都是以未能为国家报仇雪耻而遗憾。去世时五十七岁,谥号忠肃。
刘珙在家事亲孝顺,继母卓氏去世的时候,他年龄已经超过五十岁,哀伤至极以至于损害了身体。远近亲属去世,他都会穿上白色的丧服直到礼制规定的时间。他喜欢接受直率的意见,做事稍有过错,下属官吏指出来就立即改正。治理过的几处地方,老百姓爱戴他如同父母,听到他去世的消息,有的人停止集市贸易在街道上痛哭并共同祭祀他。
第五篇:2018年郑州市高中毕业年级第二次质量预测 英语
2018年郑州市高中毕业年级第二次质量预测英语
二、阅读理解 第一节
A Chinese movie theaters are never running short on youth films.Youth(芳华),directed by Feng Xiaogang, was released in December, 2017 and hit the screen.But this one is different: It is dedicated to the youth of our parents’ generation.Set in the 1970s, the story begins in a military art troupe(部队文工团),in which the soldiers’ duties are to sing, dance and promote culture.He Xiaoping, a newcomer, is a talented dancer.With a painful childhood, she wants to make a fresh start in the troupe, yet her family background makes her the laughing stock(笑柄)among the other girls.The only person who is nice to her is Liu Feng, a kind and unselfish man.In most youth films, the characters’ life paths are only influenced by their own choices.However, the young people in Youth are also a part of “the whirlwind(旋风)of historical changes”, as film critic Justin Chang wrote in the Los Angeles Times.In a period of more than 30 years, they have to experience the Cultural Revolution and the Sino-Vietnamese Conflict, during which Liu Feng loses one arm and He Xiaoping suffers from a mental illness.The disbandment(解散)of the troupe also tears them away from the life and people they are so familiar with, throwing them into a new life they know nothing about.They all have to learn “to make peace with the past and make the most of the present”, wrote reporter Giovanna Fulvi on the website Tiff.net.But there’s still something that never changes about youth.No matter what time of history it is, people share the same longing for love and beauty.Sunshine, laughter and swimming pools—these typical images of youth are all well kept in Mr.Feng’s new films.According to ifeng News, Youth is actually a nostalgic(怀旧的)and personal work that Mr.Feng dedicates to his own experiences of working in a troupe.“When I look back in time, everything in my life seems to be black and white,” he said, “The days in the troupe are the only part of my memory that always remains colorful.”
21.What influenced He Xiaoping’s and Liu Feng’s lives most? A.Historical changes B.Their own personalities C.Their family backgrounds D.Their longing for love and beauty 22.Why did Feng Xiaogang direct the film Youth? A.To show the cruelty of the war.B.To urge people to value their youth.C.To recall the days when he worked in the troupe.D.To describe the life during the Cultural Revolution.23.What do we know about the youth in different generations according to the text? A.They all treat sunshine and laughter as the typical images of themselves.B.In our parents’ generation, they don’t love beauty due to political reasons.C.They long for totally different things varying from generation to generation.D.Though they live in different times, they still have something in common.B Eight years before his death in 1986, Alfred Nobel was surprised to read an obituary(讣告)in the local newspaper.This was a strange obituary, for it told Alfred Nobel, the man who was reading it, that he was dead.The newspaper had confused Alfred with his brother, Ludwig, who had recently died.Nobel was shocked to read that he had passed away, and he was even more annoyed by the title of the obituary: The Merchant of Death Is Dead.Alfred was a very rich and successful armaments manufacturer.(武器制造商)。This incident got him thinking about his reputation.What would people think of him after his real death? Would they really say “That was a man who profited from killing”? It was this thought that led him to leave his money---a huge amount of it---for the founding of the famous Nobel prizes.His aim was for his money to be used to support the ongoing quest(追求)for excellence in the sciences and literature, and the ideal of peace.Thousands of men and women have been honored since the first awards were given out in 1901.The awards let the world know about the developments that may have a huge effect on our lives.However, the prizes are controversial sometimes.There is often protest(抗议)at the award of the peace prize when not everyone thinks that the award-winners deserve the award.Even the award for literature has sometimes been criticized because the award committee often neglects important writers.The highly influential novelists James Joyce and Marcel Proust, for example, were never honored by the Swedish Academy.Still, for the most part of the awards don’t cause many complaints.Alfred Nobel founded the prizes to recognize those who have had “the greatest benefit to mankind” and few would disagree that most of the prizewinners---among them.Albert Einstein and Martin Luther King---have made contribution that deserve to be honored and remembered.24.How did Alfred Nobel feel when he read the obituary in the newspaper? A.Sad and worried B.Shocked and upset.C.Surprised and confused D.Amused and puzzled.25.What did Alfred Nobel decide to do after reading the obituary? A.Seek excellence in the sciences.B.Donate all his money to the charity.C.Stop producing any killing weapons.D.Set up the Nobel prizes with his money.26.Why does the author mention James Joyce and Marcel Proust? A.To show the controversy of some Nobel prizes.B.To give examples of influential Nobel prizes.C.To explain the standard of giving out the Nobel prizes.D.To prove the influence of the Nobel prizes on literature.27.What does the author think of the Nobel prizes? A.There should be more female winners.B.There are too many controversial winners.C.They have honored many worthy winners.D.The committee should be more selective.C Though not as much as in the past, grandparents are the teachers of the Navajo(纳瓦霍人)youth.They make young people aware of life at an early age.The parents allow them the privilege of teaching the children, and the grandparents take great pride in raising them.Young children often stay with their grandparents for years at a time, developing a close and trusting relationship.The grandparents teach them Navajo legends and the principle of life, emphasizing both new culture trends and the preservation of traditions.The grandparents are also the leading figure in teaching the youth the arts of weaving, caring for the livestock, using herbal medicine, and other arts and crafts.The children are taught to respect their elders, care for them, help them and learn from them.Young people are urged to listen with care to the words of their elders and keep as much wisdom as possible.Grandparents often go to social gatherings and traditional events, and young people have opportunities to learn more about their culture and traditions.I lived with my grandmother for thirteen years, and she raised me in the old ways of our people.Although I was going to school, she taught me as much as she could about our traditions.If I had a chance, I would listen again to her wise teachings, expressed with kindness in a soft voice that touched my heart.We used to plant corn and pumpkin every summer.They never grew big enough to feed us, but we planted them anyway.I asked my grandmother why.She said, “Grandson, our plants will be far more beautiful than the flowers outside the fence.” I didn’t understand until one day I saw their beauty as I was coming over the hill with her.She said, “Anything that is a part of you is always far more beautiful than the things which you pass by.” We had some beautiful years together.I’m glad she is a part of me and I’m a part of her.Children used to be well disciplined, possessing more respect for culture, traditions and beliefs than they do now.The world of the Navajo has been influenced by the western world, and the grandparents have less control and influence than they used to.But the young people who have been touched by their teachings have glimpsed a way of life beyond what most people know today.28.What can be inferred from the first paragraph? A.Grandparents are the source of traditional culture.B.Parents hate to take the trouble to raise their children.C.Early schooling isn’t very popular with the young Navajo.D.Children learn about the meaning of life from their grandparents.29.The underlined word “figure” in Paragraph 3 probably means “ ” A.persons B.pioneers C.examples D.representatives 30.Why did the author’s grandmother plant corn and pumpkin? A.She had to feed her family members.B.She tried to make full use of her garden.C.She wanted her grandson to learn a life lesson.D.She expected her grandson to learn about farming.31.What is the author’s purpose in writing this passage? A.To honor his beloved grandmother.B.To stress the greatness of the Navajo.C.To share with readers a Navajo culture.D.To show the influence of Navajo traditions.D Many years ago, people relied on the sun, the moon and stars to find their way around.Later, the compass was introduced.And now, we have satnav(卫星导航)systems to guide us.A satnav system uses groups of satellites to show the user’s location.They send information to a receiver, such as a smart phone, to show us where we are.The earliest built satnav system is the Global Positioning System, which belongs to the US.Then there is Russia’s Global Navigation(导航)Satellite System, the European Union’s Galileo and China’s own satellite navigation system, BeiDou.On October 14, 2017, an ARJ21-700 plane, which was the first domestically-produced jet equipped with the BeiDou navigation system, successfully completed a test flight.The results showed the performance of the system developed by China matches that of similar systems produced aboard, according to the Commercial Aircraft Corporation of China.Since its introduction in 2000, the Beidou navigation system has seen increasing numbers of applications linked to everyday life, from shared bikes to farming.When it comes to shared bikes, smart locks that support BeiDou chips offer more accurate positioning than others, making it easier to find a bike.Farmers can use BeiDou-enabled tractors to plow(犁)the soil and use unmanned aircraft with BeiDou to sow seeds, which can improve efficiency and make better use of resources.BeiDou’s farming applications have spread from Heilongjiang province to Beijing, Liaoning, Shanxi, Hubei and other regions across China.With its many uses, the Beidou navigation system is even playing a big role in the Belt and Road Initiative(一带一路).“To date, the BeiDou system has covered most parts of the Asia-Pacific region, as well as counties along the Silk Road Economic Belt and the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road” said Yang Changfeng, Chief designer of the BeiDou system.Today, there are more than 20 BeiDou satellites above our heads, and China plans to launch even more this year to expand the BeiDou network to better serve the Belt and Road Initiative.“As BeiDou expands its overseas reach, it well be increasingly popular in the logistics(物流)industry,” said Miao Qianjun, secretary-general of the navigation services association.“Ships, for example, can use it to position themselves while sailing across oceans to European countries, no longer limited to Southeast Asian regions in the near future.”
32.What is the purpose of the first two paragraphs? A.To compare some modern satnav systems.B.To describe the benefits of satnav systems.C.To tell us how satnav systems were created.D.To introduce some satnav systems and their functions.33.What can we know about the Bei Dou navigation system according to the article? A.It was used successfully in a new jet plane.B.It is more powerful than other satnav systems.C.It was introduced to China on October 14, 2017.D.It wasn’t used in our everyday life until recently.34.According to the article, the BeiDou navigation system is already widely used for.A.plowing the soil and sowing seeds B.improving the efficiency of networks.C.producing more smart locks for shared bikes.D.navigating ships across oceans to European countries.35.What is Miao Qianjun’s attitude toward the future of the BeiDou system? A.worried B.casual C.positive D.doubtful
第二节(共5小题,每小题2分,满分10分)
根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Whether they're for a teenager or not, all great stories have certain elements: they have interesting characters we enjoy reading about;they show these characters in a world we can recognize and understand.36The main character faces a problem, usually quite a serious one.The thing that most draws us into reading the story is the way the character deals with the problem--whether they get the better of it, or it gets the better of them.Characters in a book for young adults are generally young adults themselves.37 On the one hand, they’re not children anymore.They’re growing up and want to stretch their wings.On the other hand, they're not yet adults.They can’t do certain things, they're not yet able to do them or because the world tells them that they can't.To make things even more complicated, almost all young adults feel at some point that the whole growing-up process is happening too quickly.38 This year, TEENS has selected seven of the ten books nominated(提名)for the US 2017 National Book Awards in the categories of Young people's literature.Some stories are specifically written for teenagers or young adults, meaning that their authors are very sensitive to the “in-between” nature of teenage life.They're about problems that appear for young people because of tensions between them and their parents and teachers, their siblings(兄弟姐妹), or wider society.Often, these problems are presented very seriously by writers.39 At the same time, fiction isn't supposed to be just about the challenges people face in life, but also about how people overcome those problems.40 They discover something about themselves that they never knew before, and which enables them to succeed.And the solution that they find opens the future up to them, setting them on the path to adulthood.A.And they are in a challenging period of life.B.But most importantly, great stories have a central drama.C.To some degree, a challenge brings out the best in a character.D.But that's what teenagers want in fiction: to be taken seriously.E.They want to hold back a little and remain a child a little longer.F.These are stories that someone of any age could pick up and enjoy.G.When closing a good book, we feel we’ve learned something about ourselves.第二部分 语言知识运用(共两节,满分45分)第一节完形填空
One autumn morning, I spotted a pair of wild geese on our pond.The beautiful sight caught me by 41 because I’d never seen geese there before.Thinking they would soon leave, I 42 the chance to get close to them.I wondered where they came from and why they had chosen our pond.The next morning, the geese were still my 43.I walked round to the mailbox, showing them I meant to no harm.44 , I couldn't resist getting a 45 look.I hid behind some trees and 46 the handsome pair quietly through the branches.I was surprised to see they were staring at me, too!As days passed, I started 47 to them on my trips to the mailbox.They craned(伸长)their necks and raised their heads 48 , but seemed to realize I was their friend.By then, my curiosity about 49 they were staying so long at the pond changed to 50.As they were feeding in the grass the other day, I discovered the reason for their 51 : the male had a broken left wing.He couldn’t 52 , and his faithful mate wouldn’t leave him behind.I asked a biologist what to do.He explained that sometimes a 53 wing will heal by itself and suggested letting nature take its course.On the first day of November, I was working in the neighborhood of the geese with my tractor.As I bent to fasten a chain from the tractor, I 54 some movement from the corner of my eye.Both geese were running towards the pond.Their wings were 55 like crazy, struggling for takeoff.Gradually, they flew over the pond.They 56 enough altitude to fly past a neighbor’s house, and then circled back towards me, flying no more than 50 feet over my head as if to say goodbye.Then they were out of my 57.The season’s first snowflakes fell the very next day.The birds must have 58 that winter was coming, and it was time to go.I became fond of them during their 59 visit to our pond, and now I miss them.I’ll never forget their 60 to each other.41.A.accident B.surprise C.nature D.fortune 42.A.increased B.created C.deserved D.valued 43.A.guests B.puzzles C.fellows D.friends 44.A.Instead B.Therefore C.Still D.Anyhow 45.A.closer B.quicker C.quieter D.broader 46.A.approached B.calmed C.observed D.protected 47.A.turning B.attending C.driving D.talking 48.A.firmly B.cautiously C.warmly D.proudly 49.A.why B.when C.how D.whether 50.A.sympathy B.rescue C.pleasure D.concern 51.A.companion B.visit C.settlement D.care 52.A.recover B.survive C.fly D.return 53.A.weak B.folded C.broken D.flightless 54.A.held B.caught C.directed D.made 55.A.spreading B.sweeping C.trembling D.beating 56.A.gained B.set C.discovered D.lost 57.A.reach B.sight C.control D.help 58.A.concluded B.indicated C.sensed D.confirmed 59.A.unexpected B.casual C.regular D.short 60.A.contribution B.promise C.treat D.devotion
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(不多于3个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式,并将答案填写在答题卡响应的位置上。
Like all big cities, Paris has a traffic problem: lots of cars, traffic jams and pollution from exhaust fumes(废气).So since 2007, the City__ 61___(begin)a plan to improve the situation.Under the Velib scheme(公共自行车计划), people can take a bicycle ,use it as long as they want, and then leave it at the same or another bicycle station.The first half-hour is free,___ 62___if you don’t return it after 30minutes, you have to pay.It’s ¢1 a day or 29 a year.The bicycles are as heavy as 25kilograms, and they are all grey ,and have___63___(basket).There are a large number of them in the city ,and the bicycle stations are more than the subway stations。
Paris isn't the first city_64__(operate)a scheme like this.Not everybody thinks it' s a great idea.One Parisian(巴黎人)said,“These bicycles are only suitable ___65___ short journeys.If people want to travel across the city, they won’t use a bicycle-they'll still use the cars.A city spokesman said, “The bicycle scheme won't solve all our trafficproblems, but it might work in__66___(reduce)air pollution.Traffic, together with factory fumes, ___67___(be)a big problem.Everyone knows about global warming and dramatic climate changes---we know this is partly because rainforests are ___68___(gradual)disappearing.And it's also because there's so much pollution.There aren't any simple answers to traffic problems and pollution in cities, but the bicycles might help people lead a healthier life.___(69)__we do something now, there'll be more traffic jams and temperatures will continue to rise, so the problems in our environment will get even___(70)___(bad).第三部分 写作(共两节,满分35分)
第一节(共10小题;每小题1分,共10分)
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处,每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在其正下面写出该加的词。
删除:把多余的词用斜线(╲)划掉。
修改:在错的词下划一横线,并在该词正下面写出修改后的词。
注意:1.每处错误及其修改均限一词,请严格按照要求格式修改。
只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Last year my class went on the skiing trip to the mountains.We have already been to the same place the year before and it had been a wonderfully experience.When we arrived at there, It had snowed heavily the day before and there were terrible storm.At breakfast the next day,everyone there told us not to go skiing because of the bad weather, but we decide to go anyway.When we got to the mountain top, that started snowing again.The hotel had given us some sandwiches to take along, so we ate them since we were waiting for the weather to improve.But it didn’t and soon we really felt very frightening.Luckily, I had my cell phone in my bag.I called the emergency services, at last they sent a helicopter to save us.第二节书面表达(满分25分)假定你是李华,你的加拿大笔友Cindy来信说她想了解你的家乡的情况,请 你用英语给她回复,简要介绍你的家乡的地理位置、气候特点、著名景点、主要 物产以及近年来的变化等,并邀请她来做客。注意: 1.词数100左右;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
21.A 22.C 23.D 24.B 25.D 26.A 27.C 28.D 29.A 30.C 31.C 32.D 33.A 34.A 35.C 36.B 37.A 38.E 39.D 40.C 41.B 42.D 43.A 44.C 45.A 46.C 47.D 48.B 49.A 50.D 51.B 52.C 53.C 54.B 55.D 56.A 57.B 58.C 59.A 60.D 61.has begun 62.but / yet 63.baskets 64.to operate 65.for 66.reducing 67.is 68.gradually 69.Unless 70.worse
三、短文改错:
Last year my class went on the skiing trip to the mountains.We have already been to the 71.a 72.had same place the year before and it had been a wonderfully experience.73.wonderful When we arrived at there, it had snowed heavily the day before and there were terrible 74 storm.At breakfast the next day, everyone there told us not to go skiing because of the bad 75.storms weather, but we decide to go anyway.When we got to the mountain top, that started snowing 76.decided 77.it again.The hotel had given us some sandwiches to take along, so we ate them since we were
78.while/as/when waiting for the weather to improve.But it didn’t and soon we really felt very frightening.Luckily,79.frightened I had my cell phone in my bag.I called the emergency services, ∧ at last they sent a helicopter
80.and to save us.书面表达
Possible Version I Hi Cindy, I’m happy to receive your letter.Now I’m gladto tell you something about my hometown,Zhengzhou.Zhengzhou, the capital city of Henanprovince, is located in the middle of China.We feel comfortable all year around with a pleasant climate.There are many places of interest here, such asZhengzhouErqiMemorialTower and ShaolinTemple.Also, there issome famous local produce, including garlic, watermelons and Chinese dates.Many highways, flyovers and subway lines have been built in recent years, making it more convenient for us to travel.Everyone’s efforts have paid off, so we havea more enjoyable environment now.Hope one day you can come to my city and I’llshow you around it then.Best wishes,Li Hua Possible Version II Hi Cindy, I’m glad you’re interested in my hometown, and I’m proud to share with you its brief introduction.Zhengzhou, located in Central China, is the capital of Henanprovince.It has four distinct seasons, which bring us beautiful natural scenery and rich agricultural produce, such as dates, garlic and watermelons.As an ancient capital city, Zhengzhou has a long history, making it full of historical scenic spots, ShaolinTemple, for example.It is well-known around the world for its Kung Fu and Buddhism.In recent years, my hometown has greatly developed, becoming a modern busy metropolis, and a trade and transportation center.Welcome to my city and enjoy the special local produce.I believe you’ll love it.Best wishes,Li Hua