第一篇：一般过去与现在完成1
)经常性或习惯性的动作，常与表示频腮度的时间状语连用。
时间状语： every…, sometimes, at…, on Sunday
I leave home for school at 7 every morning.2)客观真理，客观存在，科学事实。
The earth moves around the sun.不受时间限制的Shanghai lies in the east of China.客观存在表示格言或警句中。
Pride goes before a fall.骄者必败。
注意：此用法如果出现在宾语从句中，即使主句是过去时，从句谓语也要用一般现在时。例：Columbus proved that the earth is round..3)现在时刻的状态、能力、性格、个性、特征。
I don't want so much.Ann Wang writes good English but does not speak well.比较：Now I put the sugar in the cup.I am doing my homework now.※4)由连词ifunlessbeforeas soon aswhen oncehowever等引起的时间(条件、让步)状语从句,需要用一般现在时,表示将来时.第一句用一般现在时，用于操作演示或指导说明的示范性动作，表示言行的瞬间动作。再如：Now watch me, I switch on the current and stand back.第二句中的now是进行时的标志，表示正在进行的动作的客观状况，所以后句用一般现在时。
现在完成时用法解析
1.构成现在完成时是由助动词 have(has)+动词的过去分词构成。助动词说明该谓语是属于现在时范围。它和主语的人称、数要保持一致。过去分词是主要的谓语动词，说明句子的意义。
2.用法
（1）表示动作发生在过去某个不确定的时间，但对现在留下了某种影响和结果。常被just、already、yet 等副词修饰。如：
-Have you had lunch yet?-Yes,I have.I've just had it.你（已经）吃午饭了吗？ 我刚刚吃过。（现在我不饿了）
（2）表示从过去某一时刻开始一直持续到现在的动作或状态。这个动作可能刚停止，可能仍然在进行。常带有for和since等表示一段时间的状语。如：He has taught here since 1981
他自1981年就在这儿教书。（可能还要继续教）
I have't seen her for four years.我有四年没见到她了。
（3）表示说话前发生过一次或多次的动作，现在成为一种经验，一般译为汉语“过”，常带有twice,ever,never,three times等时间状语。
如： I have been to Beijing twice.我去过北京二次。
3.现在完成时的时间状语
（1）现在完成时属于现在时范围，故不能和过去的时间状语连用。如：yesterday,last Sunday,in1990,three years ago等。但是，在强调动作产生的后果和影响时，可以和一些
表示不确定的时间状语连用。
a.用副词already和yet。already一般用于肯定句中，yet一般用于否定句和 疑
问句中。如：We have already finished our homework.我们已完成作业了。
They haven't finished their homework yet.他们还没有完成作业。
b.用ever 和never。多用于否定或疑问句中，表示“曾经”或“从未“等。如：-Have you ever been to the Great Wall?你曾经去过长城吗？
-I have never been to the Great Wall.我从未去过长城。
c.用表示到说话为止的过去时间状语，如just,before,up to now,the past few
years等。
例如：I have seen her before,but I can not remember where.我以前见过她，但记不起在哪里见过。
He has been there three times the last few days.近几年他去过那里三次了。
d.用包括“现在”在内的时间状语，如：now,today,this
morning(month,year,term)等。
例如：-Have you met him today?-No,I haven't.今天你见过他吗？我 没有。
How many times have you been there this year?
今年你去过那里多少次？
（2）现在完成时可以和带有since或for等表示“一段时间”的状语连用,表示动作或
状态从某一时刻开始，一直持续到现在。如：I haven't seen him for two years.但是，像
come,arrive,buy等终止性动词不能与表示“一段时间”的状语连用。要用，必须改为“be（在）”
等延续性动词来表述。现归纳总结一下由非延续性动词到延续性动词的转换：
arrive→be herebegin(start)→be on
die→be dead
fall ill(sick,asleep)→be ill(sick,asleep)
get up→be upgo out→be out
finish →be overput on→wear 或be on
open→be openjoin→be in或 be a member of…
close→be closedgo to school→be a student
borrow→keepbuy→have
catch(a cold)→ have(a cold)get to know →know
begin to study→studycome to work→work等
如：He has been a soldier for three years.他参军三年了。
His father has been dead for two years.他父亲去世二年了。
The film has been on for ten minutes.电影已开始十分钟了。
We have studied English for three years.我们（开始）学英语已三年了。
4.现在完成时和一般过去时的区别
现在完成时和一般过去时都表示在过去完成的动作。但现在完成时强调的是这一动
作与现在的关系。如对现在产生的结果或影响等，而一般过去时只表示动作在过去某一时刻
发生，不表示和现在的关系。试比较：
I have lost my new book.我把新书丢了。（现在还未找到）
I lost my new book yesterday.我昨天把新书丢了。（昨天丢的，现在找到与否没
说明）
5.几点注意事项
（1）have been(to)与have gone(to)的区别：have been(to)表示“去过某地（现在已经回来了）”，可用于各人称；have gone(to)表示“去某地了（说话时某人不在当地）”，常用于第三人称，前者可与once ,never,several times等连用，后者则不能。如：They have been to Beijing twice.他们去过北京两次。
He has gone to Beijing.他去北京了。
（2）如单纯表示一段时间，或强调一段时间，虽有since一词，也不必用完成时。
如：It is two years since his father died.=His father has been dead for twoyears.他父亲去世已有三年了。
（3）终止性动词现在完成时的否定式，已变成一种可以延续的状态，因此可以和
表示一段时间的状语连用。
如：I haven't left here since 1997.自从1997年以来，我一直没有离
开过这儿。
第二篇：一般过去与现在完成对比练习
三、用适当的时态填空：
1.She’s _____________(live)here ever since she was ten.2.Both of them ________________(be)in Hong Kong for ten days.3.Both of them ____________(come)to Hong Kong ten days ago.4.Half an hour __________(pass)since the train __________(leave).5.Mary________(lose)her pen.________ you _______(see)it here and there?
6._________ you _____(find)your watch yet?
7.---Are you thirsty?---No I _________just _________(have)some orange.8.We----already _________(return)the book.9.________ they _______(build)a new school in the village?
10.I _____________(not finish)my homework.Can you help me?
11.My father _____(read)the novel twice.12.I _________(buy)a book just now.13.I _________(lost)my watch yesterday.14.My father ___________(read)this book since yesterday
三、用适当的时态填空：
1.lived / has been living
2.have been
3.went
4.has passed;left
5.has lost;have , seen
6.Have , found
7.have , had
8.have , returned
9.Have , built
10.haven’t finished
11.has read
12.bought
13.lost
14.have been reading / has read
第三篇：过去与未来
一直以来很喜欢这句话：人生重要的不是所站的位置，而是所朝的方向。所以对于自己的过去与未来，我始终抱着平静的心态。我感恩过去，我拥抱未来。
自工作以来，我一直从事会计及管理岗的工作。过去的几年里，有过迷茫有过无措有过辛酸···可是时间长了，我变得快乐了，除了真正喜欢自己的工作外，我专心的投入工作中，并能从中发现乐趣。我感谢曾经刁难我的同事，感谢给我重任务的领导，感谢周遭的朋友，没有你们的帮助及提携是没有我五彩斑斓的过去的。在过去的几年里我总结出了现在的工作经验，让我对于各种问题有了游刃有余解决的方法，也锻炼了我的心智，让我不断的成熟与历练起来。
对于未来，我始终认为它与现在中间有着某种亲密的联系，而现在就与未来一直同在。我期待它美好的呈现，但我同样努力的过着我的每个今天，我想实现自己的职业理想，更想为公司创造更多的效益。未来就在脚下就在今天，朝着既定的方向前行，在这漫长的路上一定会开出属于我的绚烂的花朵！
第四篇：过去与未来
凉风，带来了舒爽的金秋，捎走了炎炎烈日。
人们都在忙碌。
运动员们在涂抹过去，刷新未来；
非运动员在传递、投递、在服务。
发令枪那绷紧的心弦；
秒表那公平的面庞；
运动员紧张的肌肉；
广播员那高效的工作。
一切启发我去崇敬未来。
第五篇：现在完成进行时教案
现在完成进行时教案
常德淮阳中学 肖祥法
Teaching aims：
1.Review the grammar—— Continuous Tense 2.Master the basic structure of the Present Perfect Continuous Tense 3.Figure out the difference between Present Perfect Tense and Present Perfect Continuous Tense Knowledge aims: Teaching key point: Master the basic structure and the significance of Present Perfect Continuous Tense Teaching difficult point: How to distinguish the Present Perfect Tense and Present Perfect Continuous Tense
Teaching Procedures: Step 1Greet the class as usual Step 2 Lead-in Ask some students the questions:What are you doing now? When did you begin to study English? Help the students answer: We’re having an English class.We began to study English about 6 years ago.You’re studying English now.You’ll go on studying English.So, we say:“You have been studying English for about 6 years”How long have you been studying English? 引出现在完成进行时
Step 3 New study 1.The basic Structure of the Present Perfect Continuous Tense
现在完成进行时形式：
主语 + have/has + been + doing 划线识别题
Those cats have been screaming for two hours.We have been waiting for him for two hours.It has been raining all day.I have been living here since three years ago.He has been reading this book for a week.You have been singing all day.2.the significance of Present Perfect Continuous Tense 引例句：
It began raining two hours ago.It is still raining now.通过以上两句引出：
It has been raining for two hours.已经下了两小时的雨了。
现在完成进行时的意义
1）.①过去发生
②动作一直持续
常搭配时间状语： since + 时间点；for + 时间段；all day等。
例句
Tom began playing games at 8 o’clock.He is still playing games now.Tom has been playing games since 8 o’clock.分析句子
It has been snowing all day.We have been waiting for you since 6 o’clock.They have been chanting for three hours.翻译
他已经睡了一整天了。
He has been sleeping all day.Lily 已经哭了一小时了。
Lily has been crying for an hour.你已经学了六年英语了。
You have been learning English for six years.现在完成进行时的意义
2).表示在一段持续的时间内动作的多次重复，而这个重复的动作在说话时并不一定在进行。
例句
They have been building the bridge for two month.He has been playing basketball since he was ten.Maggie has been teaching English for ten years.翻译
他已经踢了八年足球了。
He has been playing football for eight years.自从今年开始我一直坚持早起。
I have been getting early since this year.从昨天晚上以来我就一直告诉他别去。
I have been telling him not to go since last night.3.How to distinguish the Present Perfect Tense and Present Perfect Continuous Tense 现在完成时与现在完成进行时的区别
1).现在完成时强调动作的完成，而现在完成进行时强调动作的延续，因此，表示动作的完成，只能用现在完成时，而不能用现在完成进行时。如：
He has changed his idea.他改变了想法。
2).在表示动作的延续时，虽然既可用现在完成时，也可用现在完成进行时，但现在完成进行时强调动作的进行。因此在需要明确表示动作还要持续下去时，应用现在完成进行时。如：
We have been studying here for two years.我们在这儿已经学习了两年了。
相同点：1）谓语动词都是延续性的，如live，learn，study，wait,work,rain等。
2）都与“一段时间”连用。
例句
I have been learning/learned English for ten years.I have been living/lived here since three years ago.不同点：
1）现在完成时——结果，现在完成进行时——过程。
2）现在完成进行时带有一定的感情色彩。
例句
He has sung for two hours.He has been singing for two hours.Step 4 Practice —I have got a headache.—No wonder.You ______ in front of that computer too long.A.work B.are working C.have been working D.worked —I’m sure Andrew will win the first prize in the final.—I think so.He ______ for it for months.A.is preparing
B.was preparing C.had been preparing
D.has been preparing Excuse me, Marcia, a reporter from Vanity Fair ______ all day.Could you speak to her now? A.phones B.has phoned C.has been phoning
D.phoned 翻译
我从昨天晚上就一直在给你打电话。
I have been calling you since last night。
他已经等了我两个小时了。
I have been waiting for you for two hours.我已经工作一整天了。
I have been working all day。
Step5
Summary
本课内容重点：
现在完成进行时的形式：主语 + have + been doing 现在完成进行时的意义：1.过去发生的动作一直持续到现在 2.在一段持续的时间内动作的多次重复 现在完成时与现在完成进行时的比较：
相同点：1）谓语动词都是延续性的，如live，learn，study，wait,work,rain等。
2）都与“一段时间”连用。
不同点：
1）现在完成时——结果，现在完成进行时——过程。
2）现在完成进行时带有一定的感情色彩。
Step 6 Homework
1.复习课上所学知识点
2.完成现在完成进行时的相关练习。
1.Tom ______ in the library every night over the last three months.A.works B.worked C.has been working D.had been working 2.Now that she is out of a job, Lucy ______ going back to school, but she hasn’t decided yet.A.had considered B.has been considering C.considered D.is going to consider
3.I won’t tell the student the answer to the math problem until he ______ on it for more than an hour.A.has been working B.will have worked C.will have been working D.had worked
4.Cathy is taking notes of the grammatical rules in class at Sunshine School, where she ______ English for a year.A.studies B.studied C.is studying D.has been studying 5.—I have got a headache.—No wonder.You ______ in front of that computer too long.A.work B.are working C.have been working D.worked 6.—I’m sure Andrew will win the first prize in the final.—I think so.He ______ for it for months.A.is preparing B.was preparing C.had been preparing D.has been preparing 7.Excuse me, Marcia, a reporter from Vanity Fair ______ all day.Could you speak to her now? A.phones B.has phoned C.has been phoning D.phoned 8.Over the past decades, sea ice ______ in the Arctic as a result of global warming.A.had decreased B.decreased C.has been decreasing D.is decreasing 9.—Why, Jack, you look so tired!
—Well, I ______ the house and I must finish the work tomorrow.A.was painting B.will be painting C.have painted D.have been painting 10.Mother wanted to be a good provider, a role she ______ since her marriage to Father.A.shoulders B.shouldered C.is shouldering D.has been shouldering
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