第一篇:Travel journal教案文章
Travel journal教案文章 来源莲山
课 件 w w w.5y K J.Co m Unit3 Travel Journal
1.教材分析
本单元的中心话题是“旅游”,通过旅游日记的方法描述旅游见闻。课标内容: 语言技能:学习用英语表达祝愿和告别以及交通方式;学会在准备出行之前与同学用英语讨论、制定旅游计划,通过上网查阅相关资料以及写信向朋友或知情人作一些必要的咨询,以了解旅游常识以及旅游必备的手段和必备的费用等;学会在旅游期间或旅游结束后用英语写游记供自己欣赏和他人参考,养成用英语写游记或日记、学会思考和倾诉的良好习惯,从而提升用英语与人沟通、思考问题和解决问题的能力以及写作能力。
听:准确掌握听力材料中的升调和降调,迅速获取文章中的旅行方式、旅行路线以及时间、地点、人物等重要信息。
说:用地道、规范的句子向别人告别或表达祝愿;能够熟练使用现在进行时表述自己对未来的打算。
读:阅读本单元课文及相关旅游文章,能够从文章中获取主要信息,克服像地点名、民族名,民族特点的节日名称的障碍。
写:能够写一篇游记,要求做到:思路清晰,语言简练,并能正确表达自己所做之事、所到之处以及自己的感受。
语言知识:学习本单元22个新单词、2个新短语以及用现在进行时表示将来含义的用法。话题:Travelling;describing a journey 词汇:见教材词汇表
功能:1.祝愿和告别(Good wishes and farewells)
1).Have a good day/ time/journey/rip!Good luck!Enjoy yourself!Best wishes to you!Happy New Year!Merry Christmas!Happy Birthday!
2).Thank you.You, too.The same to you.2.交通方式(Means of transportation)
walking, cycling, horse riding, taking buses/trains/boats/plane 语法:现在进行时表示将来
When are you leaving?
How are you going there?
Where are you staying?
How long are you staying there?
When are you coming back? 情感态度和价值观:通过课文的学习,要求同学们能够积极参与关于旅行准备、旅游见闻、旅游感受等方面的交流活动,用准确的英语描述国内外的重要景观、名胜古迹以及一些当地的旅游文化节日。
学习策略:1、资源和交际策略。通过多种渠道获取更多的与旅游相关的语言信息,从而扩大语言输入量,形成语言运用能力。
2、借助联想,建立相关知识间的联系。
文化意识:体会“读万卷书,行万里路”的旅游文化效益。教材结构: 1.1 “热身”(Warming up)部分让学生想象自己住在青海,要去东南亚旅游。要求他们选择三个不同的地方并查出不同交通方式及所需费用。然后与同学讨论六个问题,使学生了解旅游的必要手段和必备的费用。1.2 “读前”(Pre-reading)部分的两个问题主要是引导学生向阅读部分过渡。
“阅读”(Reading)部分“湄公河旅行游记”(JOURNEY DOWN THE MEKONG)的第一部分讲述了王坤和王薇梦想沿湄公河做自行车旅行,并为之做准备的过程;文章的第二部分A NIGHT IN THE MOUNTAINS 放在“语言运用部分”中,主要讲述了他们在西藏山中度过的一宿,爬山路的艰苦及乐趣。
“理解”(Comprehending)部分通过回答问题、让学生填写表格在课文中找到王坤和王薇对旅行的相同和不同看法,加强学生对课文细节的进一步理解。1.3
“语言学习”(Learning about Language)部分讲述了主要词汇极其运用主要语法项目(用现在进行时表示将来)。1.4
“语言运用”(Using Language)部分含四个方面综合训练部分。Reading and speaking 是“湄公河旅行游记”的第二部分。“Listening “围绕中心话题,讲述王薇和王坤在去往大理与表兄弟会面的路上与一个老挝女孩的对话。Reading and writing 先让学生了解diary 和journal 的区别,通过找出课文中的“real”和“unreal” things, 加深对可课文的理解,然后要求学生围绕话题写一封短信。练习册第三单元Listening, Listening task 和Reading task 中的语篇分别是“湄公河旅行游记”的第四、五、六部分。
1.5
“小结”(Summing Up)学生采用归纳、调整和补救等方法对本单元的学习进行反思和总结,以得到及时反馈和强化巩固。这是运用反思学习和调控策略,学会学习的重要过程。1.6
“学习建议”(Learning Tip)部分鼓励学生外出旅行时写旅游日志(travel journal)2.教材重组
2.1 根据input-based instruction的教学理念,和从话题内容上分析,将Reading 和Talking整合在一起比较恰当。
2.2
Learning about Language重点分析课文中重要的短语、语言点和句子极其运用主要语法项目(用现在进行时表示将来)。
2.3
Using Language根据本单元的特点Reading、Listening 是旅游日志的片段构成这一特点,将JOURNEY DOWN THE MEKONG中 Part2和 Part 3的listening整合成一堂课。
2.4
Listening & Speaking将Workbook中的听力和Speaking整合在一起上一堂听说课。
2.5
Reading & Writing 在读的基础上,主要完成写的任务。本课时内教师可以根据本单元的话题和语言知识,指导学生就旅游日志进行写作尝试。
2.6
Summing Up有了足够的input,才能有的放矢地output。在课本话题的基础上,教师根据学生实际,针对旅游前、旅途中和旅游后设计话题讨论。
3.课型设计与课时分配(经教材分析,根据学情,本单元可以用7课时教完。)
1st
Period
Reading & Talking
2nd
Period
Learning about Language 3rd
Period
Using Language
4th
Period
Listening & Speaking 5th
Period
Reading & Writing 6th
Period
Summing Up 7th
Period
Revision & Exercises 4.教学方法:任务型教学法;小组合作学习;演绎法;反思性学习等。5.分课时教案
Period1 Reading & Talking Teaching goals: 1.To have a better understanding of the main idea of the passage.2.To conclude Wang Wei’s and Wang Kun’s attitudes toward the trip
3.To talk about how to prepare for the travel journal both on physical and material aspects.Language focus(here are some language items and structures): New words: persuade;stubborn;properly;determined;change her mind;give in.Teaching aids: Computer, recorder and projector Teaching procedures: Step 1.I.Pre-reading 1.The world has many great rivers.Ask the students if they could travel down only one of them, which one would they choose? Why? 通过多媒体向学生提供一些风景名胜的图片引导其进行热烈地讨论。T: Ask the students to guess the names of the rivers.S: Try to name the rivers.(A map of China and some pictures of the rivers are shown on the screen..)
(通过地图以及河流的图片来增长学生的地理知识,从而引发学生的兴趣,从而引出课题。)引出the Lancang River and ask: What about the Mekong River?----Part of it is in China, too!2.We are going to take a trip to the Mekong River and take off.Ask: Do you know what counties the Mekong River flows through?(Look at the map of Mekong River and point out the countries it flows through.)(Key: China, Burma, Laos, Thailand.Cambodia & Vietnam)Show pictures of the countries Ask: Can you tell the differences between the Mekong River and the Lancang River ?(Look at the map carefully.)Answer: The Chinese part of the river is called the Lancang River and after flowing in other countries the river is called the Mekong River.Step 2.Reading 1.Listening
Say: After reaching the Mekong, an old man told us a story about the journey in the Mekong of a boy and a girl.T: Ask the students to listen to the tape about the story.(Before listening, show some new words and expressions: persuade stubborn properly determined change her mind give in)Listen to the text with 4 questions: 1.Who are Wang Kun and Wang Wei? 2.Who are Dao Wei and Yu Hang? 3.Where it the source of the Mekong River and which sea does it enter? 4.What can you see when you travel along the Mekong? 1).让学生听录音带,边听边找出问题的答案,从而锻炼他们的听力以及他们提取信息的能力。2).丰富学生的地理知识,对邻国有更好的理解。
3).充分发挥学生学习的主动性,让学生学会从地图中提取和综合信息的能力。2.Detail reading Read the text aloud.1).Complete the form Their dream Taking a great bike trip Their journey Finding the source.Along the Mekong River from the source.Their preparation 1.They bought expensive mountain bikes.2.Wang Wei got their cousins interested in cycling.3.They turned to the atlas in the library.The Mekong River 1.begin/glacier on a Tibetan mountain/ small/clean/cold.2.move quickly/pass through deep valleys 3.half/in China/Lancang River.4.wide brown and warm/enter
2).Fill in the blank Similar attitudes about the trip Difference attitudes about the trip Both Wang Wei and Wang Kun think… 1.taking this trip is a dream that comes true.2.that they will enjoy this trip a lot.3.that most of the Mekong will be found in Southeast Asia.Wang Wei believes…
1.that they must start in Qinghai where the river begins/see all of the Mekong.2.that they don’t need to prepare much.Wang Kun believes..1.it is too cold and high to start in Qinghai.2.that using an atlas is very important.Students work in pairs to discuss the following open question: 1.Is it a difficult journey to cycle along the Mekong? Why? Step 3.Talking 1.Fun time Imagine that you are helping the cyclists to prepare for their trip down the Mekong.You need to choose what you will take with you.The following I will give you something to choose and write down their names as many as possible.(Show pictures)2.Talking
Ask the students to write down as many words as possible.This activity requires students to think critically and learn to be resourceful.Step 5.Summary
In the last minutes, the students are asked to translate some difficult sentences in the passage.Homework: 1.Read the text again and find out the useful words and expressions.2.Ex 1, 2, 3 on P20.Period 2 Learning about Language Teaching goals: 1.To discover and learn to use some useful words and expressions
2.To learn about the Present Continuous Tense Teaching procedures: Step 1.Discovering useful words and expressions
Warming up by discovering useful words and expressions.dream about, take a great bike trip, graduate from, got the chance to do sth., cycle along the river, go for long bike rides, mountain bike, persuade sb.to do sth., grow up, get sb.interested in sth., be stubborn, know the best way of getting to places, the source of the river, care about, give sb.a determined look, change one’s mind, at an altitude of, seem to do, the air be hard to breathe, an interesting experience, make up ones mind, give in, a large atlas with good maps, keep doing sth., at first, pass through, be surprised to do sth., half of, at last, the South China Sea
Say: Hello everyone.After reading the passage, we have got to know the usage of the words and expressions, but we should do more practice.Now turn to page 20 to find the correct words and expressions from the passage to finish the sentences.Give students some time to finish exercises 1, 2 and 3 on page 20.Five minutes later, check in pairs and then check with the whole class.Step 2.Reading and finding Ask students turn to page 17 and look at the questions in Warming up 4.Underline the verbs in the questions, and pay attention to the verb forms.Divide the students into groups and discuss the structure of the sentences in Warming up 4.Give some explanations to the students.Step 3.Discussing useful structures
The verbs are all used in the “-ing” form.They are “the Present Continuous Tense”, but they express future actions or plans.Not all verbs can be used in the “-ing” form to express future actions.Such verbs as come, go, leave, fly, walk, ride, drive, stay, meet, die, see, arrive, etc.are mainly used in the “-ing” form to express future tense.Step 4.Consolidation Say: Please turn to page 21 and finish exercises 2 and 3.Check the answers with the whole class.Step 5.Practice—an interview
1.Interview Wang Wei about her plans for the trip along the Mekong River.2.Plan a trip based on the map.(P58 work book)
Make a travel plan for National Day Where are you going? When are you leaving? How are you going there? When are you arriving there? Where are you staying ? How long are you staying there? How much money do you think you will need to pay for the journey?
Step 6.Summary
Sum up the structure of “ the Present Continuous Tense” expresses the future actions.Homework: 1.Ex 1 on P56.2.Ex 2 on P57.Period 3 Using Language Teaching goals: 1.To read the passages A NIGHT IN THE MOUNTAINS
2.To learn to use the language by reading, listening and speaking Teaching procedures: Step 1.Led-in Show some beautiful pictures of Tibet and warm up by talking about Tibet: Have you ever been to Tibet? Do you want to travel in Tibet? Can you tell me something about Tibet? ﹡(Background information about Tibet: Tibet lies on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau of the southwest border of China.The average height of the whole region is more than 4,000 meters above sea level, for which Tibet is known as “Roof of the World”.The highest peak of Tibet, also the highest in Himalayas and in the whole world, is Everest Peak, which is as high as 8,846.27 meters above sea level.Although a part of China, Tibet has a unique culture of all its own.It is mainly inhabited by Tibetans, a minority nationality of old and mysterious people.Tourist attractions include the Potala Palace in Lhasa, Jokhang Temple, and a number of Buddhist sacred places.Tibet(Xi Zang in Chinese)is to the south of Xin Jiang Uygur Autonomous Region and Qing Hai Province, to the west of Sichuan, to the northwest of Yunnan and to the north of India and Nepal.Its population of 2.3 million people come from a variety of ethnic groups including Tibetan, Han, Monba and Lhota.Its capital city is Lhasa.Northwest Tibet, mainly Qing Hai plateau, is home to a variety of unusual and unique animals.Across the northern expanse of Tibet, you can see vast grasslands where horses, yak and sheep roam freely.The world's lowest valley, the Grand Yarlun-tzanpo River Valley lies in east Tibet.It is freezing cold in most time of the year.Most tourists come to visit Tibet only in the warmest seasons, June, July, August and early September.)Step 2.Reading
1.Pre-reading question: What kind of difficulties do you think Wang Wei and Wang Kun will meet in the mountains? 2.Reading and underlining Collocations from JOURNEY DOWN THE MEKONG(II)
although, ride bicycles, in front of, as usual, need to do sth., to climb the mountain road was hard , be great fun, reach a valley, much warmer, change… into, T-shirts, shorts, in the early evening, stop to do sth., make camp, put up, after supper, go to sleep, stay awake, at midnight, become clear, so …that, the sound of the fire, travel so far, join sb., hardly wait to see, change one’s attitude.3.Speaking
Read the passage again and find the answers to the questions:
1)How does Wang Kun feel about the trip?(He is starting to like the trip.)2)What do you think has changed his attitude?(seeing the beautiful land)
3)Is it natural for Wang Kun not to feel lonely?(Yes.Because the scene Wang Kun saw is beautiful.The sky was clear and the stars were bright.Also their cousins are waiting for him.)4)Would you feel the same way in this situation? Why or why not?(You may have different opinions about this.Just speak it out and let us share your idea, will you?)Imagine that the dialogue happens the next morning before Wang Kun and Wang Wei leave their camp.Write a short dialogue between them with your partner.Wei: You look so tired Kun: Yes, I stayed up late last night.Wei: Really? What did you do? Kun: I watched the clear sky and the bright stars.Wei: That’s nice.They must be pretty.Kun: Yes, they were.4.Consolidation
Using the key words to retell the passage: ride bicycle;in front of;as usual;need to do sth.;be great fun;reach a valley;change… into;in the early evening;stop to do sth.;make a camp;put up;after supper;go to sleep;stay awake;at midnight;become clear;join sb.;can hardly wait to see;change one’s attitude.Step 3.Listening Let’s go on with Journey Down The Mekong River(part 3)with Wang Wei.Turn to page 23 and do the listening text.Before listening to the tape, please read the words fast, then tick the words you hear on the tape.After that I’ll play the tape for the second time and then finish the chart.You should look through the chart and find out the listening points.The following questions can help you understand the listening text.Where is the girl from?
What do people in Laos use the river for?
Why do people in Laos call the river “the sea of Laos”? What is the river called in Tibet and Vietnam?
What other beautiful sights along the Mekong River in Laos?
Fill in the chart:
Topic Southwest China Laos Local name of the rive The water of the rocks The sea of Laos Uses of the river Washing, fishing and transport What to see Many different animals, plant and bird species Small villages and so on Scenery Waterfalls and rapids Mountains, forests, temples, caves and a waterfall
Homework: 1.Follow the tape to read the passages(Part 2 & 3 of “Journey Down The Mekong River”)again and pay attention to the rising and falling tone of each sense group and sentence.2.Try to memorize the useful words and expressions.Period 4 Listening & Speaking Teaching goals: 1.To listen to Part 4 and 5 of “ JOURNEY DOWN THE MEKONG” on Workbook..2.Enable the listening ability of the students.Teaching procedures: Step 1.Led-in Ask students to discuss with partners the following questions: 1).Do you like the dressing way of Tibet? 2).Can you describe the way of life in Tibet? Step 2.Pre-listening
Ask students to read the words of Part 1 on page 55.Step 3.Listening 1.Ask students to listen to the tape for P55, Exercise 1.2.Listen to the tape again and then answer the questions.(把原文中的重点句子挑出来,采取挖空式的方式,用幻灯片的形式给学生展现)Step 4.Listening on P58 2.Pre-listening
Ask students to read the questions in Exercise 1, Page 58.1.Listening 1).Ask students to listen to the tape for P58, Exercise 1.2).Listen to the tape again and find out the information to fill in the chart.(把原文中的重点句子挑出来, 采取挖空式的方式,用片的形式给学生展现)Step 5.Consolidation
Try to retell the part of the story according to the chart.Step 6.Speaking 1.Led-in
Say: A river can influence the people living along the river.How?(Students’ discussion)2.Activities: Group Discussion A dam is a huge wall built on a river that can produce electricity for millions of people.A dam can also stop floods in places that get lots of rain.For those reasons , the Lancang Mekong River now has some dams.In our country, a lot of dams have been or are being built on the Changjiang and Yellow Rivers.Requirements are as follows: Work in pairs and discuss this question:
1.What do you think a dam does to a river and the people who lives on it? 2.Make a list of at least two good and two bad things a dam does.3.Represent your report to your classmates Homework: 1.Go over Part 4 & 5 of “Journey Down The Mekong River”.2.Get preparation for Reading & Writing next period, and underline the useful words and expressions.Period 5 Reading & Writing Teaching goals: 1.To deal with the Reading and Writing part.2.To teach students how to write a short letter.Step 1.Led-in Questions: 1.Do you often keep a diary?
2.Have you ever written a travel journal?
3.Can you tell the differences between a diary and a travel journal? Step 2.Listening and reading Listen to the tape and try to catch the words to fill in the blanks and then read the whole paragraph by themselves.Reading and underlining
Collocations from Reading and Writing put one’s thoughts into a diary, travel journey, the difference between, for on thing… for another, record one’s experiences, soon after, be familiar to, make a list of, compare…with, agree to.Read the passage quickly and then fill in the information on the chart.Step 3.Preparations for writing From the paragraph above, we have known the differences between a diary and a travel journal.Fill in the chart(the differences between a diary and a travel).Design a chart for the students to fill in.A diary 1).Personal;
2).To try to record how the writer feels very soon after things happen A travel journal 1).For a lot of reader;2).To record their experience, ideas and afterthoughts;3).Its topics include people, things and events less familiar to readers.Step 4.Writing a letter Imagine that you are a friend of Wang Wei.Write a short letter to her and ask her to describe: how she feels, what she is doing, and some places you want to know about.Then wish her well on her journey by using at least two of these expressions: Have a nice/good time.Have a nice/good trip.Take care.Good luck on your journey.Say “Hello” to ….Write to me.Give my best wishes/love to ….Have fun.Step 5.Correction Give a sample of writing.My dear brave little Wei,How I worry about you and Wang Kun!Are you enjoying your trip? I hope so.What are you doing now? Are you in Cambodia yet? When you get to Phnom Penh, tell me about the Buddist temples there.Please send some photos with your next letter!Well, have fun and don’t forget to write to me!Say “Hello” to Wang Kun for me.Good luck with your journey.Take care!
Your friend forever,Ju Lin Step 6.Group work Say: We have learnt so much about travel.Now imagine that you will run a travel business that gives tours of famous places in or near your hometown.You want to make an advertisement that both foreigners and Chinese can read so that your travel agency can get more business.(Page 60)What are some of the key factors in an advertisement?--where to visit
--where to stay for the night--when to leave
--when to return
--how to get there
--how much to pay
--what to see
--what to eat
--what to pay attention to Show some sample advertisements: Say: Here are two useful websites about the beautiful and famous places.Log on them and learn more by yourselves
Homework: Suppose you are Wang Wei.Write a letter in reply to your friend Ju Lin’s letter.Period 6 Summing up Teaching goals: 1.To read “ The End of the Journey”.2.To make a summary of the unit.Step 1.Led-in
Show the map of the Mekong River.They started from Qinghai Province, and now they will end their journal down the Mekong River.Now let’s have a quick look at the last part of their journey.Step 2.Extensive reading 1.Skimming
Skim the passage and try to find the answers to the questions: 1.Do children in Cambodia have a good education? 2.Why did Wang Kun say that he felt lucky?
3.What’s the difference between Vientiane and Phnom? 4.Why did Wang Wei’s cousins make jokes about them? 5.Which country is larger, Cambodia or Vietnam? 6.How many times did the farmer grow a new rice crop?
2.Detail reading
Read the text again and fill in the chart.Topic Laos Cambodia
Vietnam Population The smallest number of people in Southeast Asia Twice of population of Laos Seven times of Cambodia Weather Dry and cool in autumn warm Warm in the south, cool in The north Learning poor poor poor Farming rice Rice, fishing rice ﹡学生分组学习,解决问题。如:找出各自然段的中心句、文中难理解的词汇和句子,以四人小组为单位讨论学习等。学生通过自主和探究性学习,形成一种在日常学习与生活中乐于互助、交流并解决问题的习惯 Step 3.Summary
What have you learned about traveling in this unit? Discussion: Q1.Do you like traveling? Q2.Why do you like traveling? Q3.How will you prepare for traveling ? A travel plan: Time Destination travel cost Means of transport What to do while traveling Background information Points for attention What to take ﹡(Step 4.Discussion)﹡Suggestion 1: Group Activity: Form groups of four.Now your group win a prize to go to Tibet.Discuss different ways of going there and your reasons.You should make clear about the time, the cost, what to take, points of attention, means of transport(by train/car/plane/bike, and each member choose one means), and what to do while travelling, etc.﹡Suggestion 2: Show pictures of Chen Liangquan.Introduction: Since 24, he spent 13 and a half years traveling all parts of China except Taiwan by bike.Since 2003, he has visited 47 countries and areas around the world by motorcycle.Now is enlisting ten volunteers to join him.Would you like to apply for the task? Suppose your good friend has passed the tests and will start their journey next week, would you like to give him some suggestions? Discuss in groups of four and choose a reporter to report the result of your discussion.﹡Suggestion 3: More and more people like to take photos or use video recorders while traveling, and they think that it is unnecessary to keep travel journals.What’s your opinion? „
Homework: 1.Go over the whole unit and finish all the exercises in this unit.2.Check yourself about this unit.莲山课件
原文地址:http://
第二篇:编辑文章教案完整
一、.激趣导入,提高兴趣
〖教师活动〗大家都有这样的经历,使用纸笔写好的文章,再修改是很麻烦的。就连鲁迅先生也深受其苦,不信请看课本P1的鲁迅手稿。所以,自古以来修改、镌抄是作家们是为头疼的事。同学们能帮他们摆脱这种苦恼吗?
大家都非常聪明,利用计算机的文字处理软件可以让每个人都能轻松地进行专业化的文档书写。小学的时候,我们已经学习了基本的编辑技巧,这节课我们将继续探索文字处理软件word的编辑操作。
〖学生活动〗通过思考,联想到小学时学过的文字处理软件的知识,自然得过渡到本节课的学习。
二、实践引导,学习新知
(一)在实践中注意基本文字编辑知识(补缺)(输入课本第一段内容)
1、移动插入点:光标所在的位置称为插入点,移动光标即可移动插入点。
2、删除文字:用退格键(Back Space)可向前删除内容;用Delete可删除后面的内容;选中文字后,可通过上面的操作删除大量文字。
3、改写:改写与插入可通过“Insert”来转换,也可通过鼠标双击状态栏中的“改写”来完成。
4、换行:在插入点按回车键可让插入点以后的文字换行显示。
5、移动文字:可通过“剪切”和“粘贴”来完成。学生活动学生看课本4页《补缺》内容
(二)替换文字
1、查找文字
〖教师活动〗首先,咱们进行一场比赛,请同学们打开word文档“我的梦想”,比一比谁最先找出文章中有几个“电脑”一词。提醒大家word本身就给你提供了一个进行查找的好帮手,大家可以在菜单中找一找。有不少同学完成了任务,哪位同学说说自己的方法。下面咱们都用查找功能在文章中找一找你想查找的信息。
总结:编辑菜单中的查找功能,可以帮助我们在长长的文章中快速准确找到所需信息,提高编辑效率。
〖学生活动〗在指定位置打开word文档,想方设法完成任务。先完成的同学介绍自己的查找方法。练习使用查找功能在文章中进行信息的查找。
2、替换文字
〖教师活动〗我们再来进行一场比赛,把文章中的“电脑”一词快速地替换成“计算机”。
有了查找操作的基础,大家都快速找到了编辑菜单中的替换操作,有的同学已经替换成功了。下面请同学们继续使用这篇文章练习使用替换功能,并注意探索以下问题。
(1)替换与全部替换的区别。
(2)“高级”中的三种搜索范围的效果有何不同。(3)其他“高级”选项对查找有何帮助。总结:
(1)全部替换不能进行有选择的替换,使用时要慎重。最好在修改文章前对文档进行备份。
(2)三种搜索范围各有特点,向下:即从插入点所在位置向文件末尾查找;向上:即从插入点所在位置向文件开头查找;全部:即在整篇文档中查找。可根据需要选择。
(3)其他“高级”选项可以为我们提供更多的替换功能。同学们可根据需要灵活使用。
〖学生活动〗探索word的替换功能,尝试完成任务。结合老师提出来的问题,练习使用替换功能在文章中进行替换操作。
(三)修订文章
在文章的创作过程中,经常需要反复修改,如何记住自已的修改思路?我们可以借助“审阅”功能来修订文章。这样不仅可以保留修订的痕迹,还能通过“接受修订”形成更完美的文章。
1、调出审阅工具栏
〖教师活动〗请执行“视图/工具栏/审阅”菜单项,调出“审阅”工具栏,将鼠标指到各按钮上,明确它们的功能。
〖学生活动〗学生自主操作,了解“审阅”工具栏中各按钮的功能。〖设计意图〗让学生先了解“审阅”工具栏,为下面的学习做好铺垫。
2、对文章进行修订
〖教师活动〗下面我们将学习怎样使用“审阅”工具栏来对文章进行修订。请同学们打开word文档“我的家乡”,调出“审阅”工具栏,单击“修订”后,阅读整篇作文并对文章进行修改。请注意观察:插入的文字、改写的文字、删除的文字有什么特点?
个别同学如对基本的文字编辑技术不太熟练,可参考第4页的补缺部分。〖学生活动〗打开指定文章后,尝试使用“修订”功能对文章进行修改,留意各种修改结果的显示方式。
〖设计意图〗这部分内容相对比较简单,主要让学生动手操作体验修订的过程和特点即可,所以把操作的自主权交给学生。老师只是起一定的指导作用。
3、接受或拒绝修订
〖教师活动〗同学们忙活了半天,终于修改完了。那么怎样才能使你的修改生效呢?请在“审阅”工具栏里找答案吧。
注意:(1)如何接受、拒绝部分的修订?(2)如何一次性接受、拒绝全部的修订?(3)如何在原始稿、修订稿和最终稿之间进行切换浏览?(4)除“审阅”工具栏外,你还能通过哪些方法使修改生效? 总结:除“审阅”工具栏外,我们还可以通过“工具”菜单中的命令及右键快捷菜单中的命令来进行接受修订或拒绝修订的操作。我们可以灵活运用“接受或拒绝修订”对话框中的命令,以帮助我们更好地完成最终的修订。
〖学生活动〗根据老师提出的问题,自已动手尝试找到解决问题的方法。〖设计意图〗先告诉学生可通过“审阅”工具栏接受、拒绝修订,避免学生在探索的过程中盲目操作。让学生在掌握此操作的基础上再探索其他的方法。
4、对内容进行批注
〖教师活动〗语文老师在给同学们批改作文时会针对部分内容通过写出批语,来提出一些修改建议。那么在word中是否也能对部分内容进行简要的注释或增加批语呢?请大家动手试试看吧。
有些同学早就发现了“审阅”工具栏中的“插入批注”按钮,很快就学会了批注操作。没找到的同学赶快试试吧。请大家注意:(1)如何编辑批注内容?(2)如何删除批注内容?(3)批注与修订有何不同?
〖学生活动〗尝试针对部分内容进行批注并探索与批注相关的编辑操作。
四、小结
请同学们想一想,这节课你都学会了哪些操作。
通过这节课的学习,我们感觉到word确实是书写文字、编辑文章的好帮手,希望同学们能够灵活运用本节所学的知识解决学习和生活中的问题。
第三篇:归纳文章主要内容教案
归纳文章主要内容教案
教学目标:
1.积累带“春”的诗句和本课学过的名言警句。
2.学习运用“段意合并法”和“提取重点段”的方法,归纳文章主要内容。教学重点:
学习运用“段意合并法”和“提取重点段”的方法,归纳文章主要内容。教学难点:
能够结合文章,运用“段意合并法”和“提取重点段”的方法,归纳主要内容。
教学过程:
一、学前热身
(一)读读记记
1.这学期,我们专门积累过和“春”有关的诗句,你还记得哪些呢?一边填写下面的诗句,一边回忆。这首诗是谁写的?他是哪朝人?整首诗怎么背? 2.学生填写,教师巡视审阅 3.全班交流 参考答案:
(1)(春蚕)到死丝方尽,蜡炬成灰泪始干。
(2)(春潮)带雨晚来急,野渡无人舟自横。
(3)(春江)潮水连江平,海上明月共潮生。
(4)(春风)又绿江南岸,明月何时照我还?
(5)(春色)满园关不住,一枝红杏出墙来。
(6)(春城)无处不飞花,寒食东来御柳斜。
(7)(春宵)一刻值千金,花有清香月有阴。
(8)忽如一夜(春风)来,千树万树梨花开。补充资料:
《无题》
(唐)
李商隐
相见时难别亦难,东风无力百花残。春蚕到死丝方尽,蜡炬成灰泪始干。
晓镜但愁云鬓改,夜吟应觉月光寒。蓬山此去无多路,青鸟殷勤为探看。《滁州西涧》(唐)韦应物
独怜幽草涧边生,上有黄鹂深树鸣。春潮带雨晚来急,野渡无人舟自横。《春江花月夜》(唐)张若虚
春江潮水连海平,海上明月共潮生。滟滟随波千万里,何处春江无月明? 江流宛转绕芳甸,月照花林皆似霰。空里流霜不觉飞,汀上白沙看不见。江天一色无纤尘,皎皎空中孤月轮。江畔何人初见月?江月何年初照人? 人生代代无穷已,江月年年只相似。不知江月待何人,但见长江送流水。白云一片去悠悠,青枫浦上不胜愁。谁家今夜扁舟子?何处相思明月楼? 可怜楼上月徘徊,应照离人妆镜台。玉户帘中卷不去,捣衣砧上拂还来。此时相望不相闻,愿逐月华流照君。鸿雁长飞光不度,鱼龙潜跃水成文。昨夜闲潭梦落花,可怜春半不还家。江水流春去欲尽,江潭落月复西斜。斜月沉沉藏海雾,碣石潇湘无限路。不知乘月几人归?落花摇情满江树。《泊船瓜洲》(宋)
王安石
京口瓜洲一水间,钟山只隔数重山。春风又绿江南岸,明月何时照我还?
《游园不值》(宋)
叶绍翁
应怜屐齿印苍苔,小扣柴扉久不开。春色满园关不住,一枝红杏出墙来。《寒食》(唐)
韩翃
春城无处不飞花,寒食东风御柳斜。日暮汉宫传蜡烛,轻烟散入五侯家。《春宵》(宋)苏轼
春宵一刻值千金,花有清香月有阴。歌管楼台声细细,秋千院落夜沉沉。《白雪歌送武判官归京》(唐)
岑参
北风卷地白草折,胡天八月即飞雪。忽如一夜春风来,千树万树梨花开。
散入珠帘湿罗幕,狐裘不暖锦衾薄。军角弓不得控,都护铁衣冷难着。
瀚海阑干百丈冰,愁云惨淡万里凝。中军置酒饮归客,胡琴琵琶与羌笛。
纷纷暮雪下辕门,风掣红旗冻不翻。轮台东门送君去,去时雪满天山路。
山回路转不见君,雪上空留马行处。
(二)读一读,想一想。
1.读下面的名言警句,想想它的意思。2.试着选自己喜欢的一句背一背。
二、指导学法
1.归纳文章的主要内容与归纳段落大意很相似,都是具体内容的概括,不同的是段落大意是对一段话的内容的概括,文章主要内容是对整篇文章内容的归纳。归纳文章主要内容,是对我们理解能力和概括能力的全新挑战。今天给大家介绍归纳文章的主要内容的方法。
2.介绍两种归纳主要内容的方法:(1)方法一:段意合并法
段落大意是一段话的主要内容,就全篇文章来说是“局部”,如果把每段段意连接起来,就是文章的“整体”,是整篇文章的主要内容。段意合并法,是连接段意归纳主要内容的一种方法。
运用段意合并法归纳文章的主要内容的步骤是:(1)通读全文了解大意;
(2)逐段读,想想每个段落的大意;(3)把各段大意串联起来,综合归纳。例如《蓝树叶》:
《蓝树叶》全文可以分为三段。第一段(第1自然段)的段意是:美术课上,老师教同学们画风景,李丽正要画树,绿铅笔找不到了。第二段(第2、3、4自然段)的段意是:李丽向林园园借绿铅笔,林园园舍不得借给她。第三段(第5自然段)段意是:李丽用蓝铅笔画树叶,林园园看了很难为情。把这三段段意连起来综合组织一下,这篇文章的主要内容可归纳为:李丽上美术课时绿铅笔找不到了,她向林园园借,林园园舍不得借给她,李丽只好用蓝铅笔画树叶,林园园看了蓝树叶后很难为情。
由此可见,段意合并法归纳文章的主要内容,并不是把各段的段意简单生硬地拼在一起。而是需要把段中重复的、次要的内容删去。为了使句子前后联系紧密,还要注意有一些连接性的词语,使语言简洁、通顺、连贯,避免重复啰嗦。(2)方法二:提取重点段法
一篇文章一般都是由两个以上的段落组成,其中某些段落是文章的重点段落。提取重点段归纳文章的主要内容,就是要抓住这个重点段,其它段落只做些简单交待即可。
如:《董存瑞舍身炸暗堡》。全文分为五段,其层次为:必须炸——请求炸——勇敢炸——舍身炸——全歼敌人。从中不难发现,第四段是课文的重点段,采用此种方法归纳为:本文记叙了解放战争时期,董存瑞在解放隆化的战斗中,为了战斗的胜利,用自己的身体作支架,炸毁敌人暗堡的英雄壮举。
归纳主要内容,要在“重点”两个字上下功夫。要边读边想:这篇文章写的什么人?什么事?什么景?什么物?哪些是重要的段落?从而归纳出主要内容。
再如:《我爱松花江》这篇文章可分成三段:
第一段(第1自然段):“我”爱松花江,她用乳汁把我们哺育大。第二段(2至5自然段):松花江四季的景色各具特色。第三段(6自然段):我愿大自然把松花江打扮得更加妖娆。
从全文看,第二段是重点段,抓住这段可以归纳出主要内容:松花江一年四季景色美丽妖娆,春天朴实,夏天活泼,秋天温柔潇洒,冬天晶莹。3.教师小结:
运用段意合并法归纳主要内容要注意两点:一是准确地概括每段段意,这样归纳主要内容才贴切;二是连接时要调换一些词语,以使前后句子衔接得通顺、连贯。
提取重点段归纳文章的主要内容要注意两点:一是准确判断文章的重点段;二是语言要简洁、明了。
归纳文章的主要内容,语句可多可少,但是要叙述明白,重点突出,因此,要在认真阅读的基础上,恰当地组织语言和运用语言。
三、实践练习
练习一:《抢交以后头卷》
参考答案:
用段意合并法把各段段意连起来,归纳这篇文章的主要内容:
语文考试时,“我”看见试题很容易,想让大家看看我行,还是顾利荣行,就抢交了头卷。第二天老师报顾利荣得了99分,“我”得了86分,我心里很后悔,懂得了学习必须踏踏实实,来不得半点骄傲。
练习二:《全神贯注》
参考答案:
(1)在原文第4自然段中缺标点的地方补上标点符号。答:应填,:“,?!”,(2)给短文分成四段(用“△”表示),写出第一、二段的段意。
第一段: 罗丹邀请茨威格到家做客,参观工作室,茨威格看到刚完成的女像作品,拍手叫好,可罗丹却发现作品还有毛病。
第二段:茨威格站在一旁,观看罗丹全神贯注地修改了一个小时。
(3)找出描写罗丹全神贯注工作的话,用“﹏﹏﹏”在原文中把它们找出来。答:应画“只见罗丹一会儿上前,一会儿退后,嘴里有时叽哩咕噜,像同最亲近的人密谈;有时眼里闪着异样的神色,似乎在与人进行激烈的争吵。他的脚把地板踏得吱吱直响,他的手不时在空中舞动„„。一刻钟过去了,半小时过去了,罗丹的动作越来越有力,情绪更为激动了。他好像喝醉了酒一样,好像整个世界对他来讲已经消失了。”这几句。
(4)文中“旁若无人”一词的意思是:身旁好象没有人。说明罗丹修改得过于投入,工作完毕后竟忘了还有客人在,自己就走出了工作室,还准备锁上门。(5)“他对着那座女像发痴地微笑。然后,轻轻地叹了口气,把湿布披在塑像上。”这里“轻轻地叹了口气”的正确含义是:(③)① 罗丹心里有点儿发愁,不痛快。② 罗丹干了一个小时的活儿,有点累了。③ 罗丹圆满地修正了艺术品的缺陷,心里很满意,如释重负。④ 罗丹只是很自然地叹了口气,并没有什么意思。
(6)原文中有一句话点明了文章的主要意思,请用“_____”画下来。答:画下“人类的一切工作,如果值得去做,而且要做得好,那就应该全神贯注。”这句。
(7)写出文章的主要内容。
罗丹邀请茨威格到家做客,参观工作室,茨威格看到刚完成的女像作品,拍手叫好,可罗丹却发现作品还有毛病。茨威格站在一旁,观看罗丹全神贯注地修改了一个小时。工作完毕,罗丹竟忘记了还有客人在。茨威格由此感受到人类的一切工作,要做得好,就应该全神贯注。
四、欣赏感悟
(一)点拨阅读
这篇文章不是就石榴写石榴,而是将石榴与别的树木进行比较,从而突出了石榴的“个性特色”,给读者留下鲜明的印象。另外,想象丰富、奇特,令人惊叹。这一点表现在作者对石榴花的描写上。实实在在地说,石榴花无论是花形还是花色,都很一般,不像梅花、牡丹、菊、兰、荷等特点鲜明,可写的内容较多。面对这种情况,一般作者也许只能如实地写上几句。但是这样写很难成为令读者惊叹的美文。郭沫若先生不愧是大手笔,他紧紧抓住了石榴花的花形特点,展开了想象的翅膀。于是,在他的笔下,原本平淡无奇的石榴花一下子变得不同凡响,美不胜收:有的好像插在用红玛瑙琢成的花瓶里,那些花瓣,无论用怎样犀利的剪刀都剪不出那样匀称;有的则变成了古味盎然的青铜器——中国殷、周时盛酒的酒杯。更妙的是到了秋天,她们又变成了忍俊不禁露出一口皓齿的美人儿„„作者观察之敏锐,想象之丰富、奇特,令人惊叹叫绝!
(二)阅读感悟
用“ ”画出你喜欢的部分,想一想作者这样写的好处,并写下自己的感受。参考答案:
从全文布局上看:
作者先是向我们展现了一幅中远景的画面:炎热的夏季,万木丛中开花的石榴。第二段,是一幅近景:集中展示了石榴的形象,她的枝干、她的叶片。第三至第六段,特写:以动态画面的方式展示榴花的形成、特征,及其在秋天结成果实。第八段,画面拉回,重新展现中远景的夏季图景。
从修辞手法上看:
“比喻”和“拟人”这样的修辞技巧在作品中有相当频繁而又极为成功的使用。比如,将榴花比喻为“花瓶”、“希腊式的安普剌”和“中国式的金罍”,直至将其比喻为“夏天的心脏”;比如,又对榴花进行拟人化的修辞,将其由榴花演变为果实比拟变戏法,而且还会对其戏法“忍俊不禁地破口大笑”从而“露出一口的皓齿”。这些修辞,不仅使作品对于石榴的刻画更加逼真,更加形象,而且还使作品更加生动,更加充满了机趣,从而也更加有益于展现石榴的生命活力。
板书设计:
一、段意合并法——调换词语,通顺连贯
(一)通读全文了解大意;
(二)逐段读,想想每个段落的大意;
(三)把各段大意串联起来,综合归纳。
二、提取重点段法——准确判断,简洁明了
布置作业:
1.积累本课名言和带“春”的诗句。
找一篇阅读短文,练习用今天学到的方法归纳文章主要内容。
第四篇:理解段落和文章 教案
【课题】理解段落和文章 【课型】小升初语文备考班 【年级】六年级 【教学目标】
1.掌握划分段落的方法; 2.掌握概括段落大意的方法; 3.掌握归纳中心思想的方法; 4.理解文章的表达方法。【教学重点】
概括段意和归纳中心思想。【教学难点】
如何教会学生学会概括段意和归纳中心思想。【课时】两课时 【教学过程】
一、预习作业检查(5分钟)
由于本讲知识点较多,并且较为枯燥,所以在课堂上尽量采用探究式的教学方法来开展教学。总的来讲,本讲分为4个部分,第一个部分是划分段落,是小学阶段训练较多的,所以这个部分要求学生在课前自学。老师在上课前检查的预习作业就是了解学生对这个部分的掌握情况。对于掌握的不好的,要根据书本内容加以强化。并且,该部分知识在后面还要用到。
二、新授
师:同学们,经过这么一段时间的学习,我们总算有所跨越了。如果说之前的学习一直围绕在山腰上转,那么,我们今天这节课,就是带你们到山顶,体验“一览众山小”的感觉。我们之前学习的知识,在这里也将得到综合运用,所以,这节课对于我们来讲是非常重要的,必须得认真对待。
(一)概括段意(40分钟)
师:好了,给大家寒暄了半天,总得给大家带来点惊喜吧。先来学习概括段意。段意大家都很清楚,就是这一段所要写的意思,也就是要求我们能力理解语段的意思。
概括段意有几个原则:明确、完整、简要、通顺。“明确”是指让别人一看就明白这段主要写什么。“完整”是指该概括的要点不能遗漏。“简要”是指语句要简洁,做到言简意明。“通顺”是指语句要通顺。
运用这些原则,我们来看看概括段意究竟有哪些方法。这里告诉大家5个方法。
1、摘句归纳法
2、合并归纳法
3、取主舍次法
4、提问整理法
5、列小标题法
(根据PPT内容,逐个讲解每种方法的意思和例子。)做练习,总结。
(每个方法讲解时间8至10分钟左右,第一节课到此为止)
(二)归纳中心思想
文章的思想感情是指作者写这篇文章的目的。具体说是作者想通过文章的主要内容赞扬什么,批评什么,反对什么,抒发什么感情,说明什么道理等等。如果我们体会出文章的思想感情,就能对文章理解得更深刻。
概括中心思想三原则:确切、完整、简要。
确切,就是概括要准确、恰当,能概括出这篇文章所特有的思想意义。完整,就是把作者写这篇文章的目的完整地概括出来。
简要,就是用简明扼要的语句来表达。但是它必须以确切、完整为前提。概括主要内容常用的词语有: “描述了......”、“刻画了......”、“通过......” 等等
概括思想意义常用的词语有: “表现了......”、“说明了......”、“表达了......”、“歌颂了......”、“赞扬了......”、“揭露了......”、“鞭挞 了......” 等等。
概括中心思想的方法:
1、分析题目概括法
2、从文章的开头找出中心
3、从过渡句、段找中心
4、从文章的结尾拨出中心
5、在文章主人翁的语言描写中找中心
6、从抒情部分找中心
7、从作者的议论部分找中心
8、从课文的反复部分找中心
9、从重点句、段找中心
(根据书本内容讲解,讲完上面内容用45分钟左右时间。)
三、总结
总结这节课学到的知识点,并加强学生对知识点的掌握和巩固。
四、作业布置
1.自学第三部分。2.完成书本练习。
第五篇:如何概括文章主旨教案
[解题总述]
在具体解答现代文阅读试题的过程中,首先要总体把握,观其大略,明白文章的主旨(主题或中心思想);然后,再以主旨映照全文,看一看为表现主旨都使用了哪些材料(选材),又是怎样组织这些材料的(结构),为表现文章主旨还运用了哪些艺术方法(表达技巧),这些艺术方法又是从哪些方面、哪些角度服务于主旨的,对揭示文章主旨又有什么好处,等等。本篇着重从如何概括主旨的角度来介绍一些解题方法。
练前指导:
主旨是指文章的写作意图,它是文章的灵魂。其内涵包括情感态度、精神品质、道理感悟和希望号召等。在不同体裁的文章中,文章主旨的表现形态是有差异。议论文的主旨即是文章中心论点,在科技说明文中介绍的事物特征或所说明的事理就是文章主旨。在文学作品中,作者通过写人叙事状物所表达出来的某种观点、认识或情感即为文章主旨。
归纳文章主旨最基本的要求是必须首先整体把握全文。要能对所给材料作宏观上的把握,做到对整篇文章了然于胸。这样才能把握文意,领会作者的目的和意图。
近年来,考查分析归纳文主旨的题型主要有以下七种:
l.从文中获得了怎样的感悟(启迪)?2.文章的中心论点是什么?3.文章抒发了作者怎祥的思想感情?4.本文揭示了怎样的人生哲理? 5.作者的态度是什么? 6.用简洁的语言概括出文章的主旨。7.联系时代背景,说说文中之物的象征意义。
那么怎样才能有效地归纳文章的主旨呢? 一般有四种方法:
1.中心句提炼法
中心句是指一段话或一篇文章中凝练而又能体现中心的一两处语句。抓住中心句就抓住了文章的筋。中心句一般在文章开头,有的甚至就在第一自然段;当然也有在文章尾段,卒章显志的。我们在阅读时,就要注意抓住那些表明作者立场、观点、情感、态度的句子,如果它能统领全文内容,毫无疑问,那就是文章的主旨了。
2.归纳综合法
大多数文章,并不一定有明显的中心句。这就需要归纳综合了。一篇文章,我们把各段落的段意综合起来,然后理清其关系:详与略、铺垫与关键、正与反、映衬与主体等。不论哪种关系,它们都只有一个与写作意图密切相关的中心意思,那就是文章的主旨。
3.背景分析法
文章一般都有明显的时代性,它反映着特定时代的社会生活,同时还反映出特定时代的作者的个性特征。因此,分析组织文章主旨,还要关注作品的时代背景甚至作者的思想背景。
4.事件、形象分析法
以写人为主的文章,往往通过人物形象的刻画来表现主题,分析归纳这类文章的主旨,就应从分析人物形象人手。我们在阅读小说时运用这种方法十分有效。如《孔乙己》,从环境、相关人物、情节及细节等方面综合起来看,可知孔乙己是一个深受封建教育、封建科举制度毒害,抱残守缺、不知变通、迂腐、麻本、受尽人间凉薄、嘲笑,甚至遭迫害的旧读书人的形象。从他的经历与遭遇中不难领会到作者的写作意图:在于批判封建科举制度,在于讽刺孔乙己这类人的迂腐麻木,在于批判世态炎凉、人情冷暖,批判那些冷漠、无聊、麻木的看客。5标题入手法。6段首段尾概括法。7利用抒情议论句法。
当然,以上几种分析归纳文章主旨的方法,并不是单独运用的。我们具体操作时要综合各方面因素加以考虑,才能更为准确地把握文章的主旨。
另外,在具体的操作中,还有一些小技巧可以作为补充:(l)紧扣文题。有许多文章,文题就是文章的主旨。(2)注意文中议论、抒情的表达方式。文中的议论有的是揭示人物品质,有的揭示事件意义,有的直接揭示文章的主旨。文中抒情句其实已包含了作者的情感态度,显示了作者的倾向性,这些都有助于对主旨的理解。(3)注意文中一些特殊句子。如矛盾句、反问句、警句等,往往与主旨密切相关。
归纳文章的主旨(中心),在语言表述上一般来说有一些格式,不同的文体归纳中心的格式不同。了解一些这方面的情况,对归纳中心有帮助,但不应拘泥于此格式。文学作品文本主旨归纳格式如下: 写人为主:记叙了……赞扬了……表达了
记事为主:记叙了……批评(歌颂)了……表现了…… 写景状物:采用……手法,借助……描写,赞扬…… 游记:描写了……表达了……感情