第一篇：研究生教案上难句翻译
Unit 1 1.“Every company has a handful staff in a given area of expertise that you can count on to get the job done.On my team of seven process engineers and biologist, I’ve got two or three whom I just couldn’t live without”, he said.“key players are essential to my organization.”
“每家公司都有少数几个这样的员工,在某个专业领域,你可以指望他们把活儿干好.在我的小组中,有七名化工流程工程师和生物学家, 其中有那么两三个人是我赖以生存的,”他说, “核心员工对我的公司而言不可或缺.”
2.Many postdocs and grad students have a tough time showing that they can make this transition because so much of their life has involved playing the independent-researcher role and outshining other young stars.许多博士后和研究生在进行这种过渡的过程中表现得相当费力.因为生命中有那么长的一段时间他们都在扮演一个独立研究者的角色,并且要表现得比其他年轻的优秀人才更出色.3.Being OK with risk is something that industry demands.A candidate needs to have demonstrated the ability to make decision with imperfect or incomplete information.He or she must be able to embrace ambiguity and stick his or her neck out to drive to a conclusion.企业要求员工能够承受风险.一名求职者需要表现出仅凭不准确,不完整的信息就做出决策的能力.他或者她必须能接纳不确定因素并冒着风险做出结论.4.Rick Leach is in business development for deCODE Genetics.Leach made the transition to industry recently, on the business side of things.瑞克.里奇在科迪德遗传工程公司从事业务拓展.里奇最近才转行到企业, 做业务方面的工作.5.This creates a requirement not only for people [who can act quickly, but for those who can think fast and have the courage to act on their convictions].这样，不仅对[那些行动迅速的人们，也对那些思维敏捷，并有勇气按自己的想法行事的人们]都提出了要求。Unit 3 1.“It strikes a chord with an enormous number of people.” That’s putting if mildly.“它在许多人心中产生了共鸣。”她说得很委婉。
2.Amazingly, Rowling keeps her several plotlines clear of each other until the end, when she deftly brings everything together in a cataclysmic conclusion.让人称奇的是，罗琳让每一册的书的情节相互独立，但最后，她却能够巧妙地把它们衔接起来，形成一个意想不到的结局。3.But that’s nothing new, says Michael Patrick Hearn, a children’s book scholar and editor of The Annotated Wizard of Oz.”
但是作为儿童图书专家和《绿野仙踪》的编辑，迈克尔·帕特里克·赫恩觉得这并不奇怪。
4.There’s no telling which books will survive from one generation to the next.谁也无法预测哪本书能够代代相传。
5.Rowling may not be as magisterial as Tolkien or as quirky as Dahl, but her books introduce fledgling readers to a very high standard of entertainment.罗琳的书也许不如托尔金的书那么具有权威性，也不如达尔的作品那般跌宕起伏，但是她的书将涉世未深的读者带入了一个相当高的娱乐水准。
6.The only sour note(1)in all the songs of joy over this phenomenon(2)has come from some parents and conservative religious leaders(3)who say Rowling advocates witchcraft(4)在对“哈利波特”现象的一路欢歌中，出现的唯一一个不和谐音符来自于一些父母和保守的宗教领袖。他们认为罗琳在宣扬巫术。
7.You do not chop off a section of your imaginative substance and make a book specifically for children(1), for— if you are honest— you have, in fact, no idea(2)where childhood ends and maturity begins(3).你不能把你想象的东西砍掉一部分然后写成一本专给孩子看的书，坦白地说，因为事实上你根本无从知道童年究竟是什么时候结束，而成人期又是什么时候开始的。Unit 4 1.Children who are raised in impersonal environments show emotional and social underdevelopment, language and motor skills retardation, and mental health problems.在人情冷漠的环境中(如孤儿院、某些寄养家庭，或缺乏关爱的家庭）长大的孩子会出现情感和社会性发育不良，语言和运动技能迟缓，以及精神健康问题。2.Among other things, people who like themselves are more open to criticism and less demanding of others.自我喜欢的人更乐于接受批评，对别人的要求也不那么苛刻。
3.Love has been a source of inspiration, wry witticisms, and even political action for many centuries.几百年来，爱都是灵感、俏皮的揶揄、甚至是政治活动的来源。
4.Many researchers feel that love defies a single definition because it varies in degree and intensity and across social contexts.许多研究者觉得爱没有一个唯一的定义，它有程度和强度之分，并且跨越了社会背景。
5.Love, especially long-term love, has nothing in common with the images of love or frenzied sex that we get from Hollywood, television, and romance novels.爱，特别是长久的爱，和我们从好莱坞、电视、或爱情小说中获得的对爱和狂热的性爱的印象完全不同。
6.Once desire diminishes, disappointed lovers may wonder where the “spark” in their relationship has gone and may reminisce regretfully(and longingly)about “the good old days”.一旦欲望消失了，失望的恋人就会诧异原来他们关系中的“火花”去哪儿了，他们很可能会很遗憾地（而且渴望地）怀念“过去的美好时光”。
7.It highlights important contemporary changes in society and the family and explores the choices that are available to family members, as well as the constraints that many of us do not recognize.它强调了在当代社会和家庭中所发生的重要变化，探索了家庭成员所面临的选择，以及我们很多人还都未意识到的种种约束。
8.It examines the diversity of American families today, using cross-cultural and multicultural comparisons to encourage creative thinking about the many critical issues that confront the family of the twenty-first century.该书还审视了当今美国家庭的多样性，运用跨文化和多元文化的比较，以激发创造性思维来研究21世纪家庭所面临的许多严峻问题。
9.Babies and children deprived of love have been known to develop a wide variety of problems—for example, depression, headaches, physiological impairments, and neurotic and psychosomatic difficulties—that sometimes last a lifetime.众所周知，缺乏爱的婴幼儿会产生各种各样的问题，如抑郁症、头痛、生理残疾、神经质或身心疾病，这些病有时会伴随他们一生。
10.Much research shows that the quality of care infants receive affects how they later get along with friends, how well they do in school, how they react to new and possibly stressful situations, and how they form and maintain loving relationships as adults.很多研究发现婴儿获得关爱的质量会影响到他们以后的交友，在学校的表现，如何应对陌生的或可能充满压力的情况，以及他们成年后如何建立并且维系感情关系。
11.At the very least, three elements are necessary for a loving relationship: 1)a willingness to please and accommodate the other person, even if this involves compromise and sacrifice;2)an acceptance of the other person’s faults and shortcomings;and 3)as much concern about the loved one’s welfare as one’s own.拥有恋爱关系至少需要具备三个元素：1）愿意取悦和迁就另一方，即使需要妥协或牺牲；2）能接受另一方的错误和缺点；3）关心爱人的幸福像关心自己一样。12.We will never meet millions of potential lovers because they are “filtered out” by formal or informal rules on partner eligibility due to factors such as age, race, distance, social class, religion, sexual orientation, health, or physical appearance.我们错过了成千上万的可能的爱人，因为他们早就被正式的或非正式的挑选理想爱人的准则筛选出局，这些准则包括年龄、种族、地域、社会阶层、宗教、性倾向、健康状况或外表。
13.One might “lust” for someone, but these yearnings will not lead most of us to “fall in love” if there are strong cultural or group bans.一个人也许会对另一个人产生“欲望”，但是如果有强烈的文化或族群反对，我们中的大多数人即使有这样的渴望也不会因此而爱上某人的。
14.Desire, in contrast, is a psychological state in which one wants a relationship that one does not now have, or to engage in an activity in which one is not presently engaged.相反性欲是一种心理状态，在这种心理状态下，一个人想建立一种目前还不具有的恋爱关系，或者是想进行一种目前还没有进行的行为。Unit 5
1.Yoga stretches are used by physical therapists and professional sports teams, and the benefits of yoga are being touted by movie stars and Fortunes 500 executives.瑜伽已被理疗专家和职业运动队广泛采用，做瑜伽的好处也被电影明星和《财富》杂志世界500强的企业执行官们争相传颂。
2.Many yogis are amazed at how rapidly yoga’s popularity has spread in America, considering the legend that it was passed down secretly by handfuls of adherents for many centuries 许多世纪以来，瑜伽只是在极少的信徒的言传身教中得以流传，而今它在美国快速流传，这让许多瑜伽师感到惊异
3.Yoga routines can take anywhere from 20 minutes to two or more hours, with one hour being a good time investment to perform a sequence of postures and a meditation.做瑜伽没有场地的限制，一套瑜伽动作通常需要20分钟到2个小时或者更多的时间，而一个小时左右的时间则是一系列动作和冥想的最佳选择。
4.Yoga is not a competitive sport;it does not matter how a person does in comparison with others, but how aware and disciplined one becomes with one’s own body and limitations.瑜伽不是竞技体育；瑜伽不需要和别人比，练瑜伽的目的是提高自己的觉悟和身心自律能力。Unit 6 1.It is that indestructible matrix upon which the character is built, and whose shape it must take and keep throughout life.性格正是基于这种牢不可破的基质之上的，它必须以这种基质的形式存在，并将它保留终生。
2.A study reveals„ women of today.一项历史研究表明，曾经行走在地球上的古人们和今天的男男女女们受着同样的基本力量驱使，被同样的激情左右并有着同样的抱负。
3.Each man sees himself as unique, and so far as he is concerned the hub of the universe, different from any other individual.每个人都把自己看成是独特个体，而且，就他而言，他就是宇宙的中心，有别于其他任何人。
4.Each holds to the structure of the mold into which the soul was cast at the time of its individualization.一个人的个性和他独特的天性在出生时就已经形成了，而且不会改变。5.Only when behavior deviates from the normal does it attract attention.只有当人类行为偏离常规时才会引起人们的注意。
6.The spirit is perfect, but when it inhabits human structures, it participates in the imperfections of the latter.精神是完美的，但它栖居到人类肉体结构中后，便参与其中，表现出后者的不完美。
7.But the spirit, the inner man, remains untouched and undefiled by evil.但是精神---内在的人---却仍然免遭邪恶的染指和玷污。Unit 8 1.What he found was that contrary to conventional wisdom, mandating the use of seat belts in 18 countries resulted in either no change or actually a net increase in road accident deaths.他的想法与人们的普遍看法恰恰相反——在18个强制使用安全带的国家，要么交通事故死亡率根本没有变化，要么实际上反而导致了死亡率的净增长。
2.John Adams, risk expert and emeritus professor of geography at University College London, was an early skeptic of the seat belt mantra.伦敦大学学院的风险专家、地理学荣誉教授约翰.亚当斯早就质疑安全带能保证驾车安全的信条。
3.In the case of seat belts, instead of a simple, straightforward reduction in deaths, the end result is actually a more complicated redistribution of risk and fatalities.因此，安全带并非简单、直截了当地减少死亡人数，而是对风险和死亡事故进行了更加复杂的再分配。
4.For the sake of argument, offers Adams, imagine how it might affect the behavior of drivers if a sharp stake were mounted in the middle of the steering wheel? 为了说明其中的道理，亚当斯提出人们可以想象一下，如果在方向盘中间安一个尖头的木桩，司机开车时会受到怎样的影响？
5.And still others are fatalists who may believe that a higher power devises mortality schedules that fix a predetermined time when our number is up.还有些人是宿命论者，他们会认为，有一种更强大的力量设计了死亡时间表，预先确定了我们的死期。
6.Consequently, any single measurement assigned to the risk of driving a car is bound to be only the roughest sort of benchmark.因此，对驾车风险做任何单一的测算所得到的肯定只是最粗略的基准数据。7.The bottom line is that risk doesn’t exist in a vacuum and that there are a host of factors that come into play, including the rewards of risk, whether they are financial, physical or emotional.问题的要点就在于风险并不是孤立存在的，它会受到许多因素的影响，包括承担风险所带来的种种回报——无论是财产、身体方面的，还是情感方面的。Unit 10 1.Today the academy holds a highly privileged place in American society because of a long-standing national consensus about the value of education.今天，由于长期以来美国人对教育价值的共识，大学在美国社会中占有得天独厚的地位。
2.It is also expressed through federal and state investments that subsidize the cost of higher education for those who cannot afford to pay, investments by private foundations and charities who see colleges and universities as the best routes for achieving their strategic goals, and investments by individuals and by the private sector, who see universitiesas the incubators of future healthand prosperity.我国社会对高等教育机构的信心也通过以下几点表现出来: 联邦政府和州政府对物理负担高等教育学费的学生给予资助；一些私人基金会和慈善机构给予投资，他们认为高等院校是达成其战略目标的最佳途径；一些个人和私人部门给予投资，他们认为高等院校是未来健康发展和富裕繁荣的孵化器。
3.The medieval image of the university as an ivory tower, with scholars turned inward in solitary contemplation, immunized from the cares of the day, is an image that has been superseded by the modern university constructed not by ivory, but of a highly porous material that allows free diffusion in both direction.中世纪大学的形象是一座象牙塔，学者们远离社会进行孤独的沉思，不关心窗外之事——这一形象已被现代大学所取代——现代大学不是象牙塔构筑的，而是高度开放的机构，允许内外自由交流。
4.We also have learned that it is unwise to search only in predictable places, for new knowledge often depends upon preparing fertile ground in obscure places where serendipity and good luck, as well as deep intelligence, can sprout.同时，我们也得知，只在可预知的领域来挖掘知识是不明智的，因为新知识往往依赖于在未知领域准备好肥沃的土壤，在那些领域，好运气如同深奥的智慧一样能开花结果。
5.In the days ahead, I hope that our country’s decision-makers will draw on the knowledge that resides on our campuses, on historians who can inform the present through deep understanding of the past, philosophers who can provide frameworks for working through issues of right and wrong, economist whose insights can help to get the economy back on track, engineers who know how to build safer buildings, scientists who can analyze our vulnerabilities to future attack and develop strategies for reducing those vulnerabilities, and scholars in many fields who can help us understand the motivations of those who would commit acts of terrorism here and throughout the world.在日后的岁月中，我希望我们国家的决策者根据留存于大学的知识来做决定，咨询能通过对过去的深刻理解而又洞悉现在的历史学家们；咨询能提供明辨是非原则的哲学家们；咨询能以其洞察力使经济回归正轨的经济学家们；咨询知道如何建造更加安全建筑的工程师们；咨询能分析我们容易招致未来袭击的软肋并能制定出弥补这些弱点的战略的科学家们；以及咨询能帮助我们弄清恐怖分子在我国及世界各地实施恐怖行动的动机的多个领域的学者们。
6.While understanding the importance of professional education, they made it clear that at Princeton we should first and foremost cultivate the qualities of thought and discernment in our students, in the belief that this will be most conducive to the health of our society.他们在了解职业教育重要性的同时，更清楚在普林斯顿首先应该培养学生的思考能力和洞察力，坚信这才最有益于社会健全发展。
7.Thus we distinguish between the acquisition of information, something that is essential for professional training, and the development of habits of mind that can be applied in any profession.因此我们对一下两方面做了区分：对职业素质的培养有重要作用的信息获取，和能够应用于任何职业的思维习惯的发展。
8.That faith is based on a conviction that the vitality of the United States, its creative and diverse cultural life, its staggeringly inventive economy, its national security and the robustness of its democratic institutions owe much to the quality of institutions of higher education.这一信念是在这样一个深信不疑的基础上确立的，即美国的活力、它富有创造性和多样化的文化生活、它具有惊人独创力的经济、它的国家安全以及它健全的民主制度——极大地依赖于其高等教育机构的质量。
9.It expects the generation of new ideas and the discovery of new knowledge, the exploration of complex issues in an open and collegial manner and the preparation of the next generation of citizens and leaders.社会期望我们产生新思想，开发新知识，以一种开放和共同协作的方式探索复杂的问题，培养未来一代公民和领导者。
第二篇：研究生教案上难句翻译
Unit 2 1.Chinese cuisine is a brilliant facet of Chinese culture, which is proven by the fact that Chinese restaurant are found scattered everywhere throughout the world.中国美食是中国文化一道绚烂的风景线，这点从世界各地随处可见的中餐馆可以窥见。
2.The province has developed a culinary culture with its own characteristics that has exerted a far-reaching influence on other parts of China as well as throughout the world.（广东的）餐饮文化独具特色，对中国其他地方乃至全世界产生了深远的影响。3.Many Chinese restaurants in China, as well as in other parts of the world, serve this dish, but often the flavor is less authentic.中国乃至世界各地的中餐馆大都能找得到这道菜，但口味往往不及在浙江杭州吃得那般纯正。
4.Zhejiang cuisine is light and exquisite, and is typical of food from along the lower Yangtze River.浙江菜口味清淡，精致玲珑，是长江下游区域菜肴的代表。
5.If you only translate the names literally with no explanation, you could make a fool of yourself.你要是望文生义，准得闹出笑话来。
6.Sichuan, known as Nature’s Storehouse, is also a storehouse of cuisine.被誉为“天府之国”的四川也是个美食之都。Unit 3 1.“It strikes a chord with an enormous number of people.” That’s putting it mildly.“它在许多人心中产生了共鸣。”她说得很委婉。
2.Amazingly, Rowling keeps her several plotlines clear of each other until the end, when she deftly brings everything together in a cataclysmic conclusion.让人称奇的是，罗琳让每一册的书的情节相互独立，但最后，她却能够巧妙地把它们衔接起来，形成一个意想不到的结局。
3.But that’s nothing new, says Michael Patrick Hearn, a children’s book scholar and editor of The Annotated Wizard of Oz.”
但是作为儿童图书专家和《绿野仙踪》的编辑，迈克尔·帕特里克·赫恩觉得这并不奇怪。
4.There’s no telling which books will survive from one generation to the next.谁也无法预测哪本书能够代代相传。
5.Rowling may not be as magisterial as Tolkien or as quirky as Dahl, but her books introduce fledgling readers to a very high standard of entertainment.罗琳的书也许不如托尔金的书那么具有权威性，也不如达尔的作品那般跌宕起伏，但是她的书将涉世未深的读者带入了一个相当高的娱乐水准。
6.The only sour note(1)in all the songs of joy over this phenomenon(2)has come from some parents and conservative religious leaders(3)who say Rowling advocates witchcraft(4)在对“哈利波特”现象的一路欢歌中，出现的唯一一个不和谐音符来自于一些父母和保守的宗教领袖。他们认为罗琳在宣扬巫术。
7.You do not chop off a section of your imaginative substance and make a book specifically for children(1), for— if you are honest— you have, in fact, no idea(2)where childhood ends and maturity begins(3).你不能把你想象的东西砍掉一部分然后写成一本专给孩子看的书，坦白地说，因为事实上你根本无从知道童年究竟是什么时候结束，而成人期又是什么时候开始的。Unit 4 1.Children who are raised in impersonal environments show emotional and social underdevelopment, language and motor skills retardation, and mental health problems.在人情冷漠的环境中(如孤儿院、某些寄养家庭，或缺乏关爱的家庭）长大的孩子会出现情感和社会性发育不良，语言和运动技能迟缓，以及精神健康问题。2.Among other things, people who like themselves are more open to criticism and less demanding of others.自我喜欢的人更乐于接受批评，对别人的要求也不那么苛刻。
3.Love has been a source of inspiration, wry witticisms, and even political action for many centuries.几百年来，爱都是灵感、俏皮的揶揄、甚至是政治活动的来源。
4.Many researchers feel that love defies a single definition because it varies in degree and intensity and across social contexts.许多研究者觉得爱没有一个唯一的定义，它有程度和强度之分，并且跨越了社会背景。
5.Love, especially long-term love, has nothing in common with the images of love or frenzied sex that we get from Hollywood, television, and romance novels.爱，特别是长久的爱，和我们从好莱坞、电视、或爱情小说中获得的对爱和狂热的性爱的印象完全不同。
6.Once desire diminishes, disappointed lovers may wonder where the “spark” in their relationship has gone and may reminisce regretfully(and longingly)about “the good old days”.一旦欲望消失了，失望的恋人就会诧异原来他们关系中的“火花”去哪儿了，他们很可能会很遗憾地（而且渴望地）怀念“过去的美好时光”。
7.It highlights important contemporary changes in society and the family and explores the choices that are available to family members, as well as the constraints that many of us do not recognize.它强调了在当代社会和家庭中所发生的重要变化，探索了家庭成员所面临的选择，以及我们很多人还都未意识到的种种约束。
8.It examines the diversity of American families today, using cross-cultural and multicultural comparisons to encourage creative thinking about the many critical issues that confront the family of the twenty-first century.该书还审视了当今美国家庭的多样性，运用跨文化和多元文化的比较，以激发创造性思维来研究21世纪家庭所面临的许多严峻问题。
9.Babies and children deprived of love have been known to develop a wide variety of problems—for example, depression, headaches, physiological impairments, and neurotic and psychosomatic difficulties—that sometimes last a lifetime.众所周知，缺乏爱的婴幼儿会产生各种各样的问题，如抑郁症、头痛、生理残疾、神经质或身心疾病，这些病有时会伴随他们一生。
10.Much research shows that the quality of care infants receive affects how they later get along with friends, how well they do in school, how they react to new and possibly stressful situations, and how they form and maintain loving relationships as adults.很多研究发现婴儿获得关爱的质量会影响到他们以后的交友，在学校的表现，如何应对陌生的或可能充满压力的情况，以及他们成年后如何建立并且维系感情关系。
11.At the very least, three elements are necessary for a loving relationship: 1)a willingness to please and accommodate the other person, even if this involves compromise and sacrifice;2)an acceptance of the other person’s faults and shortcomings;and 3)as much concern about the loved one’s welfare as one’s own.拥有恋爱关系至少需要具备三个元素：1）愿意取悦和迁就另一方，即使需要妥协或牺牲；2）能接受另一方的错误和缺点；3）关心爱人的幸福像关心自己一样。12.We will never meet millions of potential lovers because they are “filtered out” by formal or informal rules on partner eligibility due to factors such as age, race, distance, social class, religion, sexual orientation, health, or physical appearance.我们错过了成千上万的可能的爱人，因为他们早就被正式的或非正式的挑选理想爱人的准则筛选出局，这些准则包括年龄、种族、地域、社会阶层、宗教、性倾向、健康状况或外表。
13.One might “lust” for someone, but these yearnings will not lead most of us to “fall in love” if there are strong cultural or group bans.一个人也许会对另一个人产生“欲望”，但是如果有强烈的文化或族群反对，我们中的大多数人即使有这样的渴望也不会因此而爱上某人的。
14.Desire, in contrast, is a psychological state in which one wants a relationship that one does not now have, or to engage in an activity in which one is not presently engaged.相反性欲是一种心理状态，在这种心理状态下，一个人想建立一种目前还不具有的恋爱关系，或者是想进行一种目前还没有进行的行为。Unit 5
1.Yoga stretches are used by physical therapists and professional sports teams, and the benefits of yoga are being touted by movie stars and Fortunes 500 executives.瑜伽已被理疗专家和职业运动队广泛采用，做瑜伽的好处也被电影明星和《财富》杂志世界500强的企业执行官们争相传颂。
2.Many yogis are amazed at how rapidly yoga’s popularity has spread in America, considering the legend that it was passed down secretly by handfuls of adherents for many centuries 许多世纪以来，瑜伽只是在极少的信徒的言传身教中得以流传，而今它在美国快速流传，这让许多瑜伽师感到惊异
3.Yoga routines can take anywhere from 20 minutes to two or more hours, with one hour being a good time investment to perform a sequence of postures and a meditation.做瑜伽没有场地的限制，一套瑜伽动作通常需要20分钟到2个小时或者更多的时间，而一个小时左右的时间则是一系列动作和冥想的最佳选择。
4.Yoga is not a competitive sport;it does not matter how a person does in comparison with others, but how aware and disciplined one becomes with one’s own body and limitations.瑜伽不是竞技体育；瑜伽不需要和别人比，练瑜伽的目的是提高自己的觉悟和身心自律能力。Unit 7 1.It is that indestructible matrix upon which the character is built, and whose shape it must take and keep throughout life.性格正是基于这种牢不可破的基质之上的，它必须以这种基质的形式存在，并将它保留终生。
2.A study reveals„ women of today.一项历史研究表明，曾经行走在地球上的古人们和今天的男男女女们受着同样的基本力量驱使，被同样的激情左右并有着同样的抱负。
3.Each man sees himself as unique, and so far as he is concerned the hub of the universe, different from any other individual.每个人都把自己看成是独特个体，而且，就他而言，他就是宇宙的中心，有别于其他任何人。
4.Each holds to the structure of the mold into which the soul was cast at the time of its individualization.一个人的个性和他独特的天性在出生时就已经形成了，而且不会改变。5.Only when behavior deviates from the normal does it attract attention.只有当人类行为偏离常规时才会引起人们的注意。
6.The spirit is perfect, but when it inhabits human structures, it participates in the imperfections of the latter.精神是完美的，但它栖居到人类肉体结构中后，便参与其中，表现出后者的不完美。
7.But the spirit, the inner man, remains untouched and undefiled by evil.但是精神---内在的人---却仍然免遭邪恶的染指和玷污。Unit 10 1.Today the academy holds a highly privileged place in American society because of a long-standing national consensus about the value of education.今天，由于长期以来美国人对教育价值的共识，大学在美国社会中占有得天独厚的地位。
2.It is also expressed through federal and state investments that subsidize the cost of higher education for those who cannot afford to pay, investments by private foundations and charities who see colleges and universities as the best routes for achieving their strategic goals, and investments by individuals and by the private sector, who see universities as the incubators of future health and prosperity.我国社会对高等教育机构的信心也通过以下几点表现出来: 联邦政府和州政府对物理负担高等教育学费的学生给予资助；一些私人基金会和慈善机构给予投资，他们认为高等院校是达成其战略目标的最佳途径；一些个人和私人部门给予投资，他们认为高等院校是未来健康发展和富裕繁荣的孵化器。
3.The medieval image of the university as an ivory tower, with scholars turned inward in solitary contemplation, immunized from the cares of the day, is an image that has been superseded by the modern university constructed not by ivory, but of a highly porous material that allows free diffusion in both direction.中世纪大学的形象是一座象牙塔，学者们远离社会进行孤独的沉思，不关心窗外之事——这一形象已被现代大学所取代——现代大学不是象牙塔构筑的，而是高 度开放的机构，允许内外自由交流。
4.We also have learned that it is unwise to search only in predictable places, for new knowledge often depends upon preparing fertile ground in obscure places where serendipity and good luck, as well as deep intelligence, can sprout.同时，我们也得知，只在可预知的领域来挖掘知识是不明智的，因为新知识往往依赖于在未知领域准备好肥沃的土壤，在那些领域，好运气如同深奥的智慧一样能开花结果。
5.In the days ahead, I hope that our country’s decision-makers will draw on the knowledge that resides on our campuses, on historians who can inform the present through deep understanding of the past, philosophers who can provide frameworks for working through issues of right and wrong, economist whose insights can help to get the economy back on track, engineers who know how to build safer buildings, scientists who can analyze our vulnerabilities to future attack and develop strategies for reducing those vulnerabilities, and scholars in many fields who can help us understand the motivations of those who would commit acts of terrorism here and throughout the world.在日后的岁月中，我希望我们国家的决策者根据留存于大学的知识来做决定，咨询能通过对过去的深刻理解而又洞悉现在的历史学家们；咨询能提供明辨是非原则的哲学家们；咨询能以其洞察力使经济回归正轨的经济学家们；咨询知道如何建造更加安全建筑的工程师们；咨询能分析我们容易招致未来袭击的软肋并能制定出弥补这些弱点的战略的科学家们；以及咨询能帮助我们弄清恐怖分子在我国及世界各地实施恐怖行动的动机的多个领域的学者们。
6.While understanding the importance of professional education, they made it clear that at Princeton we should first and foremost cultivate the qualities of thought and discernment in our students, in the belief that this will be most conducive to the health of our society.他们在了解职业教育重要性的同时，更清楚在普林斯顿首先应该培养学生的思考能力和洞察力，坚信这才最有益于社会健全发展。
7.Thus we distinguish between the acquisition of information, something that is essential for professional training, and the development of habits of mind that can be applied in any profession.因此我们对一下两方面做了区分：对职业素质的培养有重要作用的信息获取，和能够应用于任何职业的思维习惯的发展。
8.That faith is based on a conviction that the vitality of the United States, its creative and diverse cultural life, its staggeringly inventive economy, its national security and the robustness of its democratic institutions owe much to the quality of institutions of higher education.这一信念是在这样一个深信不疑的基础上确立的，即美国的活力、它富有创造性和多样化的文化生活、它具有惊人独创力的经济、它的国家安全以及它健全的民主制度——极大地依赖于其高等教育机构的质量。
9.It expects the generation of new ideas and the discovery of new knowledge, the exploration of complex issues in an open and collegial manner and the preparation of the next generation of citizens and leaders.社会希望我们产生新思想，开发新知识，以一种开放和共同协作的方式探索复杂的问题，培养未来一代公民和领导者。
第三篇：研究生教案下难句翻译
Unit 1 1.We love to hear the stories of people who have been transformed by their tribulations perhaps because they testify to a bona fide type of psychological truth, one that sometimes gets lost amid endless reports of disaster: There seems to be a built-in human capacity to flourish under the most difficult circumstances.Positive responses to profoundly disturbing experiences are not limited to the toughest or the bravest.In fact, roughly half the people who struggle with adversity say that their lives have subsequently in some ways improved.我们都爱听人们经历苦难后发生转变的故事，可能是因为这些故事证实了一条真正的心理学上的真理，这条真理有时会湮没在无数关于灾难的报道中：在最困难的境况中，人所具有的一种内在的奋发向上的能力会迸发出来。对那些令人极度恐慌的经历做出积极回应的并不仅限于最坚强或最勇敢的人实际上，大约半数与逆境抗争过的人都说他们的生活从此在某些方面有了改善。2.It turns out that some of the people who have suffered the most, who have been forced to contend with shocks they never anticipated and to rethink the meaning of their lives, may have the most to tell us about that profound and intensely fulfilling journey ‖ that philosophers used to call the search for “the good life”.有证明显示，那些遭受最多痛苦的人，那些被迫和他们从未预料到的震撼作斗争，并且思考自己生命意义的人，也许能就深奥而极具成就感的经历给予我们最多的意见。哲学家们过去把这一探寻称之为“美好的生活”。
3.In that moment, our sense of invulnerability is pierced, and the self-protective mental armor that normally stands between us and our perceptions of the world is torn away.在那个时刻，我们的安全感被冲破了(洞穿），平时处于我们与我们对世界的种种看法之间的自我保护的精神盔甲被剥离了。4.Still, actually implementing these changes, as well as fully coming to terms with a new reality, usually takes conscious effort.（TS）Being willing and able to take on this process is one of the major differences between those who grow through adversity and those who are destroyed by it.The people who find value in adversity aren’t the toughest or the most rational.What makes them different is that they are able to incorporate what happened into the story of their own life.尽管如此，要实际实现这些转变并完全接受新的现实，通常需要有意识地付出努力。是否愿意并有能力承担这个过程，就是那些在灾难中成长和那些被灾难所摧毁的人之间主要的区别之一。认为灾难有价值的人并不是最坚强或最理性的人。使他们与众不同的是他们能够将所遭遇的事融入他们自己的人生历程中。Unit 2 Never before have decisions about sports and the social relationships connected with sports been so clearly influenced by economic factors.(Para.1)有关体育的决策以及与体育相关的社会关系也同样从未如此显然地受到商业因素的影响。
The bottom line has replaced the goal line for many people, and sports no longer exist simply for the interests of the athletes themselves.(Para.1)对许多人来说，账本底线已取代了球门线，体育不再只是为了运动员们自身的兴趣而存在。
Although spectators often have a variety of motives underlying their attachment to sports, their interest in any sporting event is usually related to a combination of three factors.(Para.2)尽管观众对于体育的拥护背后潜藏着多种动机，但他们对体育比赛的兴趣通常与三种相结合的因素有关。
Without this technical knowledge, people are easily impressed by things extrinsic to the game or match itself;they get taken in by hype.(Para.4)由于缺乏这些技术性知识，人们容易受到运动或赛事之外的东西的影响，容易受到天花乱坠的宣传的迷惑。
They like athletes who project exciting or controversial personas, and they often rate performances in terms of dramatic expression leading to dramatic results.(Para.5)他们喜欢那些表现得激动人心或有争议性的运动员。他们往往根据戏剧化的表现是否导致戏剧化的结果来评价比赛。As the need to please naïve audiences becomes greater, so does the emphasis on heroic orientation.(Para.7)取悦无知观众的需求越强烈，就越会强调英雄主义取向。
7.Therefore athletes in many commercial sports find themselves cut out of decision-making processes even when 1 decisions affect their health and well-being.(Para.7)因此，许多商业体育中的运动员发现自己被逐出了决策过程，即便这些决策影响到他们的健康和幸福。Unit 4 Thanks to the ubiquity of text on the Internet, not to mention the popularity of text-messaging on cell phones, we may well be reading more today than we did in the 1970s or 1980s, when television was our medium of choice.(Para.6)多亏铺天盖地的网络文本，更别说当下时兴的手机短信，可供我们阅读的东西很可能比上世纪七八十年代要多了，那时，我们选择的媒体还是电视。Unit 5 1.John Bodman was a man who was always at one extreme or the other.This probably would have mattered little had he not married a wife whose nature was an exact duplicate of his own.(Para.1)约翰.伯德曼是一个常常走极端的人。这本应该没有什么,但可惜, 他妻子的性格整个是他的翻版。
2.Doubtless there exists in this world precisely the right woman for any given man to marry and vice versa.(Para.2)毋庸置疑, 对于任何一个男人,这世界上总会有一个相当适合的女人能和他成家,反之亦然。
3.Marriage at best is but a compromise, and if two people happen to be united who are of uncompromising nature there is bound to be trouble.(Para.2)婚姻充其量不过是一种妥协, 而如果恰好两个个性上互不妥协的人结合了, 那就肯定会有麻烦。.4.In the lives of these two young people there was no middle distance.(Para.3)对于这样两个年轻人来说, 生活没有什么中间点。
5.In some parts of the world, incompatibility of temper is considered a just cause for obtaining a divorce, but in England no such subtle distinction is made, and so until the wife became a criminal, or the man became both criminal and cruel, these two were linked together by a bond that only death could sever.(Para.4)在这世界上的某些地方,夫妻性情不合就能成为离婚的正当理由, 但是在英格兰并没有如此微妙的区分,所以除非妻子犯罪,或丈夫犯罪并且为人残暴,否则两者的婚姻关系一直维系下去,直至死神将他们分开.6.When a man's mind dwells too much on one subject, no one can tell just how far he will go.一个人的心思要是太专注于一件事,没有人敢说他最后会做出什么来。
7.And in the neighborhood were many picturesque walks to points more or less dangerous.(Para.7)附近小道遍布,沿路风景如画,但通往的地点多少有点危险.8.John Bodman had planned his crime as grimly and relentlessly, and as coolly, as he had ever concocted a deal on the stock exchange.(Para.11)约翰.伯德曼冷酷,无情,沉着地谋划着他的罪行,一如他在证券交易所策划交易.9.She repeated these words under her breath as they walked the few remaining steps to the Outlook.(Para.27)她低声反复嘀咕着这几句话, 两人走完剩下的几步来到了“悬望角”。Unit 6 1.United，there is little we cannot do in a host of cooperative ventures.(para.6)如果我们团结一致，就能在许多合作事业中无往不胜；
2.--for we dare not meet a powerful challenge at odds and split asunder.(Para.6)因为我们不敢在争吵不休、四分五裂时迎接强大的挑战。
3.---and to remember that, in the past, those who foolishly sought power by riding the back of the tiger ended up inside.(Para.7)而且要记住，在历史上，凡愚蠢地狐假虎威者，终必葬身虎口。
4.But this peaceful revolution of hope cannot become the prey of the hostile power.(Para.9)2 但是，这种充满希望的和平革命决不可以成为敌对国家的牺牲品。
5.---to prevent it from becoming merely a forum for invective---to strengthen its shield of the new and the weak---and to enlarge the area in which its writ may run.(Para.10)防止它仅仅成为谩骂的场所；加强它对新生国家和弱小国家的保护；扩大它的行使法令的管束范围。6.Let both sides seek to invoke the wonders of science instead of its terrors.(Para.17)让双方寻求利用科学的神奇力量，而不是激发科学的恐怖因素。7.“rejoicing in hope, patient in tribulation”(Para.22)
---忍受困苦，向往未来
8．Only a few generations have been granted the role of defending freedom in its hour of maximum danger.(Para.24）
只有少数几代人在自由处于最危急的时刻被赋予保卫自由的责任。
9．„, ask of us the same high standards of strength and sacrifice which we ask of you.(Para.27)„请用我们所要求于你们的力量和牺牲的高标准来要求我们。
10．Let us go forth to lead the land we love, asking His blessing„knowing that here on earth God’s work must truly be our own.(Para.27)我们祈求上帝的福佑和帮助，但我们知道，上帝在尘世的工作必定是我们自己的工作。Unit 8 1.It is an outburst of wild defiant sorrow, and of contempt for all the adversities of the world.(Para.1)这声号叫爆发出一种充满野性和反抗的哀愁，爆发出对世界上一切逆境的蔑视。
2.Every living thing(and perhaps many a dead one as well)pays heed to that call.(Para.2)大山中所有的生物（可能也包括许多死去的生物）都侧耳倾听这声号叫。
3．Those unable to decipher the hidden meaning know nevertheless that it is there, for it is felt in all wolf country, and distinguishes that country from all other land.(Para.3)而那些无法领会其中深意的，也能感觉到它的存在，而且在所有的狼出没的地方都能感受得到。这种异样的感觉也使那些地区与其他地区区别开来。
4.We saw what we thought was a doe fording the torrent, her breast awash in white water.(Para.4)我们看到了一个东西在急流中挣扎跋涉，胸部浸在白色的水花中。
5.In the end the starved bones of the hoped-for deer herd, dead of its own too-much, bleach with the bones of the dead sage, or molder under the high-lined junipers.(Para.7)最后，鹿群由于数量过于庞大，再加上草木供不应求，便大批量地饿死了。它们的白骨与鼠尾草一起变白，或是在高大的杜松树下腐朽。
6.And perhaps with better cause, for while a buck pulled down by wolves can be replaced in two or three years, a range pulled by too many deer may fail of replacement in as many decades.(Para.8)也许这种恐怖有着更充分的理由。因为一只鹿被狼吃掉，两三年后很快就会有新的小鹿出生繁衍，但是，一旦一座大山被鹿群毁灭，恐怕几十年也无法恢复原貌。
7.A measure of success in this is all well enough, and perhaps is a requisite to objective thinking, but too much safety seems to yield only danger in the long run.(Para.10)在这些方面取得某种程度的成功是件好事，客观地说也是必要的。但是从长远来看，太多的安全似乎只能适得其反。Unit 9 1.Mass media both overwhelm us with information, and help us to sort it out(Para.3)大众传媒不仅用铺天盖地的信息将我们淹没，也帮助我们对这些信息分类。
2.Mass media seek a broad audience for a typically narrow(and often biased)message that’s typically embedded in entertainment or useful information /opinion.(Para.4)大众传媒为典型的受众面非常狭小的（通常还带有偏见）讯息寻求广泛的受众群体，这类讯息通常嵌于娱乐或有用的信息/观 3 点中。
3.The mass media have a “ slow news day” problem.(para.5)大众传媒总会遇到这样一个问题---某天没有任何值得报道的新闻。
4.A free-speech society can thus tolerate instances of false information, stupidity, and vulgarity---assuming them to be a temporary irritant.（para.7)因此一个言论自由的社会能够容忍虚假信息，愚蠢和庸俗----假设这些东西仅会扰人一时，不会长久。5.In a stimulating competitive environment, a media program must score quickly(para.9)在竞争激烈的环境下，一个媒体策划必须具备快速得分的能力。
6.Our basic biological challenge is to survive and get into the gene pool„(para.10)我们生理上的基本挑战是生存和繁衍后代„
7.Similarly, other forms of mass media, from churches to sporting events, explicitly or implicitly include these attention-getters in their programming.(para.12)同样，其他形式的大众媒体，不管是教会还是体育赛事，均明里暗里地包含了这些吸引眼球的东西。8.Osama Bin Laden had previously been a peripheral media figure.(para.13)在此之前，媒体对本.拉登鲜有报道。
9.The several thousands of victims had been invisible office workers, until many newspapers published a series of anecdotal obituaries about them.(para.13)在许多报纸发布一系列带点轶事风格的讣告之前，那几千名受害者都是些默默无名的上班族，不为我们所知。10.Police and firefighters across the country were suddenly elevated in esteem.(para.13)全国的警察和消防队员突然之间受到了前所未有的赞誉。
11.A nation already beset by a financial downturn had to become emotionally aroused to respond.(para.13)一个深受金融危机困扰的国家必须将民众的情感调动起来以应对危机。
12.Given such manipulating potential over our affective process, it’s important to know who determines the content of the mass media.鉴于媒体具有操控我们的情感过程的潜力，知晓谁在决定大众传媒的内容非常重要。
13.Sunday morning political TV shows are characterized more by argument than agreement.(Para.14)周日上午的政治电视节目的特点是争论多于统一。
14.Magazines and radio stations are perhaps the most successful narrowly defined mass media formats---typically being upfront about seeking an audience who shares their narrow perspective.(para.15)在狭义的大众传媒形式中，杂志和广播电台或许是最成功的---其典型做法是直接的迎合那些与其志趣相投的大众。
15.We are simultaneously experiencing the centralization of influence in corporate mass media and the rapid expansion of populist mass media.(Para 17)我们一方面在见证传媒业日趋集中的势头，而另一方面又在经历着大众传媒向平民化方向迅猛发展的大潮。
第四篇：课本长难句翻译
高中英语必修1-5模块 课文长难句翻译与分析
翻译句子，分析句子主干，并找出固定句式。
1.I couldn't live this lifestyle without a good wife._______________________________________________________________。
2.It takes me less than 15 minutes to wash, get changed , have breakfast, leave home and get on a bus._____________________________________________________________________________。
3.When I get home at about ten, I look at some documents that I bring back from the office so that I can be ready for the next day’s work.__________________________________________________________________________________ 4.That is what people call the underground in London.__________________________________________________。5.It’s so crowded that I can’t find anywhere to sit.______________________________________________________。6.I spend all morning checking numbers._______________________________________________________。
7.We like to visit nice, quiet places far away from the city and go walking where there are no shops, crowds or the tube.__________________________________________________________________________________ 8.Unfortunately, my wife isn’t as fond of them as I am.___________________________________________________。
9.Yang, who was a pilot in the army ,was chosen from 1,500 other army pilots and started training for his space flight in 1998.___________________________________________________________________________________ 10.Yang Liwei showed the flags of China and the United Nations , expressing the wishes of the Chinese people to explore and use space peacefully.__________________________________________________________________________________ 11.As Yang Liwei returned into the earth’s atmosphere, helicopters were flying to where he would land ready to collect him.__________________________________________________________________________________ 12.I thought 21 hours was too short to stay in space._________________________________________________________________________。
13.In a recent interview, Venus spoke about the time when she and Serena were practicing tennis and they had to run and hide as bullets started flying through the air.__________________________________________________________________________________ 14.The first time Venus played in a big event was in 1996.____________________________________________________________。
15.This not only drew public attention to research into back injures but also encouraged a lot of people living with all kinds of problems.__________________________________________________________________________________ 16.This is how I got involved with my charity work to improve the quality of life for all disabled people.___________________________________________________________________________。17.I’m far too busy with living to think of giving up.___________________________________________________________________________。18.The five men and two women crew, which included the first Indian-born woman in space as well as Israel’s first astronaut ,all died.__________________________________________________________________________________ 19.On this day, the moon is said to be its biggest and brightest.______________________________________________________________。20.The Lantern Festival falls on the fifteenth day of the first lunar month.________________________________________________________________________。21.A long silk ribbon that links the crowns is a symbol of a long and happy life for the couple.___________________________________________________________________________。
22.My sister, Alison and I sat down in front of the fire and wrote a letter to Father Christmas telling him about the presents we wanted.__________________________________________________________________________________ 23.At the bottom of the bed was the stocking, now all kinds of small presents and sweets.___________________________________________________________________________。
24.After lunch, the adults slept on the sofas in front of the Queen’s speech on television while we all played cards.____________________________________________________________________。25.Over 2000 years ago, people known as the Celts lived in Northern Europe.______________________________________________________________________________。
26.During this time, they offered crops and dead animals to thank the god and danced in costumes made from animal heads and skin.__________________________________________________________________________________ 27.It was believed that any village that did not give food would have bad luck._____________________________________________________________________________。
28.In these countries children wear spooky（幽灵般的）costumes and go from door to door saying “Trick or treat!” and they are given sweets to take home._________________________________________________________________________________ 29.In the future, terrorists may “attack”the world’s computers,cause chaos,and make planes and trains crash.30.Users can buy books ,find out about holiday offers, book tickets,and get all sorts of information from the internet.31.We will get entertainment from the Net and that television will probably disappear。
32.We will work in virtual offices ,shop in virtual supermarkets ,and we will even study in virtual schools.33.It is clear that we are going to see a huge growth in shopping on the internet.34.It depends on the weather.If it’s good,Dad,Mum and I will probably go camping.But we won’t go ig it rains.If I stay home, I’ll help you with your project if you like.35.If we had virtual reality holidays, we wouldn’t have any problems with the weather.36.It is also the most exciting city in New zealand with people of many different cultures living there.37.It is easy to travel between Auckland and the rest of New zealand.38.New Zealanders, who are also known as “Kiwis”, are relaxed people who love outdoor life.39.It is not surprising that New Zealand is successful at many sports.40.Her most famous album Jagged Little Pill ,came out in 1995 when she was only twenty-one years old.41.There was not an empty seat anywhere in the concert hall at last Thursday’ event ,although it was an extremely cold night.42.The first part of the song was filled with anger, while the last part expressed love and joy.43.He also feels that playing Chinese folk on the piano can help bring it to the rest of the world.44.His mother couldn’t buy him a piano until he was seven.45.He was made to practice the piano so much that, at times , he thought about giving up.46.This is why he went back to his roots and rediscovered the beauty in Chinese folk music.47.To emphasise the woman even more, Chen adds a lot of detail to the fan and the cloth of her dress, and chooses to paint the background behind the woman black.48.A young farmer who wanted a wife would look at a young woman’s paper cutting skills before marrying her.49.People to whom the dead person was related would make these offerings on special days and during festivals.50.The house on Mango Street is ours, and we don’t have to pay rent to anybody, or share the yard with the people downstairs, or be careful not to make too much noise, and worried about the landlord being angry.51.They always told us that one day we would move into a house, areal house that would be ours so we wouldn't have to move each year.52.This was the house Papa talked about when he dreamed of being rich and this is the house Mama dreamed up in the stories she told us before we went to bed.53.According to the old stories of Iceland and Norway, Eric the Red was forced to leave Iceland because he had committed a murder , for which he got into trouble.54.Eric set sail once again, this time with 25 ships, of which only 14 made it to Greenland.55.Biarni was hoping to join his father who was with Eric,but he was blown off course, and found himself in an unknown land, from where he eventually reached Greenland.56.Leif followed Biarni’s directions and sailed to what is believed to be the coast of present –day Canada.57.They spend half their time dreaming up ways of getting rich, and the rest of their time thinking about all the enjoyable things they would do once they got rich.58.He was tired of being a person who had everything in a world where many people had nothing.59.Widespread poverty in Africa means that many people there cannot get the water, clothing, housing, electricity or education they need.60.London’s name had been announced twice before, in 1908 and 1948, so it now has the distinction of being the first city to host the event three times.61.Modern advertisements must stand out in a world full of competition by combining the height standards of design with ideas linked to the products to make them more attractive.62.The top advertisers of today believe that using humor as well as new and unusual ideas to surprising people is important in modern advertisements.63.There are public advertisements which encourage citizens to participate in improving their neighborhood, protecting the environment ,and helping other people.64.Even if they never see their results, they feel that their IQ is what determines how well they are going to do in life.65.They usually believe that those students have a higher IQ and that there is nothing they can do to change facts.66.At work, it is IQ that gets you hired but it is EQ that gets you promoted.67.Supported by his academic research, Professor Salovey suggests that when predicting someone’s future success, their character, as measured by EQ tests, might actually matter more than their IQ.68.Have you ever wondered why some of the smartest students in your class , who you think deserve good grades , sometimes end up failing exams?
69.This association can exist, but it is just as possible for someone with a low IQ to have a high EQ or someone with a high IQ to have a low EQ.70.And the fact that it might be possible to raise EQs means that schools need to make sure that their students are receiving the education they really need, and know that their futures are not entirely determined by their IQs.71.I was getting more and more annoyed and of course, the more upset I got, the less I was able to concentrate, the last straw was when I heard someone singing behind me.72.It was only when I got home two hours later that I realized I’d forgotton it and there was nothing I can do as the library was closed.
第五篇：长难句翻译100句 2
长难句翻译100句（2）
1.Some have breathed sighs of relief, others, including churches, right-to-life groups and the Australian Medical Association, bitterly attacked the bill and the haste of its passage.But the tide is unlikely to turn back.一些机构终于松了一口气，但是其他一些机构——包括教堂，倡导生命权利的团体和澳大利亚医学协会——都尖锐地抨击这个法案，指责法案的通过过于匆忙。但是似乎大势已定，不可逆转了。
2.In Australiaother states are going to consider making a similar law to deal with.在澳大利亚，人口老龄化、延长寿命的技术、变化着的社会态度都在发挥作用。其他的州也会考虑制定类似的有关安乐死的法律。
3.There are, of course, exceptions.Small--minded officials, rude waiters, and ill mannered taxi drivers are hardly unknown in the US.Yet it is an observation made so frequently that it deserves comment.当然，例外是存在的。在美国，心胸狭窄的官员、粗鲁的餐厅服务员、没有礼貌的出租车司机也并不少见。然而这样的情况太多了，值得人们探讨这些问题。
4.We live in a society in which the medicinal and social use of substances(drugs)is pervasive: an aspirin to quiet a headache, some wine to be sociable, coffee to get going in the morning, a cigarette for the nerves.我们生活在一种药品（药物）的医学用途和社会用途都很广泛的社会里： 用一片阿司匹林止头痛，用葡萄酒来社交，早上喝咖啡提神，抽一支烟来定神。
5.Dependence is marked first by an increased tolerance, with more and more of the substance required to produce the desired effect, and then by the appearance of unpleasant withdrawal symptoms when the substance is discontinued.对药品的依赖性首先表现为不断增长的耐药量，要想得到同样的效果所需要的药品剂量越来越大，然后表现为停止用药后，出现令人不适的停药症状。
6.“Is this what you intended to accomplish with your careers?” Senator Robert Dole asked Time Warner executives last week.“You have sold your souls, but must you corrupt our nation and threaten our children as well?”
上星期参议员罗博特多尔质问时代华纳公司的高级管理人员们：“难道这就是你们想要成就的事业?你们已经出卖了自己的灵魂，但是难道你们还非要腐化我们的国家，威胁到我们的孩子们吗?”
7.“The test of any democratic society,” he wrote in a Wall Street Journal column, “lies not in how well it can control expression but in whether it gives freedom of
thought and expression the widest possible latitude, however disputable or irritating the results may sometimes be...”
“对任何一个民主社会的考验，”他在《华尔街杂志》的一个专栏文章中写到，“不在于它能够多有效地控制各种意见的表达，而在于这个社会是否能给予尽可能广泛的思想自由和表达自由，无论有时这种结果是多么容易引起争议，多么令人不快…”
8.During the discussion of rock singing verses at last month's stockholders' meeting, Levin asserted that “music is not the cause of society's ills” and even cited his son, a teacher in the Bronx, New York, who uses rap to communicate with students.在上个月的股东大会上关于摇滚歌词的讨论中，莱文宣称说：“音乐不是社会问题的根源”，他甚至还用他的儿子作为例子。他的儿子是纽约州布朗克斯的教师，用说唱音乐与学生们进行沟通。
9.Much of the language used to describe monetary policy, such as “steering the economy to a soft landing” of “a touch on the brakes” , makes it sound like a precise science.Nothing could be further from the truth.有很多用于描述货币政策的词汇，例如“触动经济刹车”以“操纵经济软着陆”，这样货币政策听起来像是一门精确的科学。没有什么比这样描述货币政策更远离事实的了。
10.Economists have been particularly surprised by favorable inflation figures in Britain and the United States, since, conventional measures suggest that both economies, and especially America's, have little productive slack.经济学家们对英美两国良好的通货膨胀数据尤其感到惊讶，因为传统的计算方法显示两国的经济，特别是美国的经济，几乎没有生产淡季。
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