第一篇:人教版初一英语各单元知识点归纳
2012最新人教版初一英语下册各单元知识点总结
Unit 1 Can you play the guitar?
一、单词与词组
Join: 表示―参加,加入‖,此处指参加社团或组织,成为其中的成员。e.g:Join the army 参军/ join the NBA 加入美国篮球协会 Join the art/sports/music/English/chess club 参加体育/音乐/英语/象棋俱乐部
乐器类+the play the guitar /the violin/the drums/the piano 非乐器类+ the play soccer/ basketball/volleyball/football/tennis/badminton(英式足球 / 篮球 / 排球 /英式足球,美式橄榄球/网球/羽毛球)
Be good at+ sth./doing sth.擅长做某事 Be good with 与…相处得好
Be good to 对…友好=be friendly to
Be good for 对…有好处 Like to do sth.特指某一次的动作;like doing sth.强调经常性的爱好。两者都表示喜欢做某事,在仅仅表达―喜欢‖时两者可以通用。Tell: Tell stories 讲故事 tell sb.sth./to do sth./not to do sth.告诉某人某事/不要做某事
Help:help sb.to do sth./help sb.with sth./ help sb.do sth.帮助某人做某事 help yourself/sb.(to sth.)把某物(尤其是指食物,饮料等)拿给自己/某人 can't help doing sth.情不自禁做某事
Call at 用于打某人的电话 e.g.Call Mr.Brown at 293-7742 Home:1.表示动态概念。意思是―回家‖,―到家‖。前面不加介词。这里的home 是副词,表示目的地。
e.g.1)When do you go home every day?你每天什么时候回家?
2)He drives home after work.他下班的开车回家。3)She often does some shopping on his way home.她经常在回家途中买些东西。
2.at home 表示静态概念。意思是―在家‖。这里的home是名词,表示具体地点。e.g.1)Is she at home? 她在家吗?2)He left his book at home.他把书放在家里了。go home 回家 get home 到家 at home 在家 Also 也,而且;较正式,用于肯定句,紧跟动词。
e.g.I can speak English and I can also speak Chinese.我能说英文也能说中文。
Too 多用于口语,放在句末。e.g.Me too.Either 多用于否定句,放在句末。e.g.He hasn’t finished, either.他也没有完成。
show sb.sth./show sth.to sb.展示给某人看
Show time 作秀时间,表演开始 talk show 脱口秀(美国脱口秀节目)
Unit 2 What time do you go to school?
时间连词:when=while 当…时
then 然后
after that 在那之后
at+时间点/
e.g: sb.do sth.at about +时间点
for breakfast/lunch/dinner…
睡觉go to bed=go to sleep 睡觉
反:get up 起床
take a tap 午休,小睡一会儿
Time 表时间,不可数;表次数时是可数名词。
some times 几次
sometimes 有时
some time 一段时间
sometime 某个时候
系动词It tastes/smells/looks/sounds/feels尝起来/闻起来/看起来/听起来/摸起来(含被动意味,但不能用被动语态)
tastes/smells/looks/sounds/feels+like 尝起来/闻起来/看起来/听起来/ 摸起来像…
either…or… 二选一
neither…nor… 两者都不
连接两个主语时,其谓语动词应与最近的一个主语在人称和数上保持一致,即 “就近原则”。
e.g.Either you or I am going there tomorrow.明天要么你去那里,要么我去那里。
Neither dad nor mum is at home today.今天父母都不在家。
Here引导的倒装句表位置的副词放在句首时,如主语是代词,不倒装 ;
表位置的副词放在句首时,如主语是名词,要用全部倒装。e.g.Here it is!
Here he comes.(代词不倒装)
Here is your ticket.Here comes the bus.(名词倒装)
关于时间的问法
(1)以when提问,―什么时候‖可以是较长的时间段,也可以是较短的时间点
①When is your birthday?
你的生日是什么时候?
②My birthday is Dec.29th.我的生日是12月29日。这里就是指一天的时间段
①When do you go home?
你几点回家?
②I go home at 4:30 p.m.我下午4:30回家.这里when问的是具体的时间。
(2)具体几点我们通常用what time提问
①What time is it now? 现在几点了?
or What’s the time? 几点了? It’s 9:26.现在九点二十六。
②What time is it by your watch? 你手表几点了?It’s 8:36.Oh, It’s 50 minutes late(8:36,哦,它慢了50分钟。)③What time do you get up?
你几点起床? I get up at 6:00 a.m.我早上6点起床。
Unit 3 How do you get to school?
many students是单指学生数量多,侧重数量
many of the students是指学生中很多一部分,强调部分
too…太…
1.too much意为―太多‖,+不可数名词/+动词。
e.g.I had too much housework to do yesterday.昨天我有太多的家务活要干。She talks too much.她说话太多。
much too意思是―过分,太‖,隐含了过分而不恰当之意,much too+形容词或副词,不+动词。
e.g.The question is much too difficult.这道题太难了。
You’re walking much too fast.你走得太快了。
2.too…to…太…而不能….e.g.You are never too young to study.同:so…that…太…以至于… e.g.The river runs too quickly for boats.=The river suns too quickly to row a boat.=The river runs so quickly that people can’t row a boat to across the river.Unit 4 Don’t eat in class.一、词组
school rules 学校规章制度
break the rules 违反规章制度
make the rules 制定规章..in the hallways 在过道
in the music room 在音乐教室里
in the dining hall 在餐厅
be in bed 在床上 be late for 迟到
listen to music 听音乐
wash my clothes 洗衣服
make dinner 做饭
have to do 不得不做
too many+名词复数;too much +不可数名词―太多‖ by ten o’clock 十点之前
on school nights 上学的晚上
on weekends 在周末
go to the children’s palace 去少年宫
after school 放学后
sports shoes 运动鞋
gym class 体育课
二、句型
(1)Don’t arrive late for class.(2)We can’t listen to music in the hallways, but we can listen to it outside.(3)--What else do you have to do?--We have to clean the classroom.(4)--Can we wear hats in school?--Yes, we can/ No, we can’t.(5)--Do you have to wear a uniform at school?--Yes, we do /No, we don’t.(6)What are the rules at your school?
(7)重难点精析:
祈使句
通常用来表示命令、请求、禁止、建议、警告等语气。它的主语you(听话人)通常省略。其构成通常有以下几种形式。
1)Be型(即系动词原型be+表语+其他)。如:
Be quiet,please.否定句Don’t + be+表语+其他。如: Don’t be angry.2)Do型(即系动词原形+宾语+其他)。如:
Open you books, please.否定句Don’t +实义动词原形+宾语+其他。如: Don’t eat in the classroom.3)Let型(即Let+宾语+动词原形+其他)如:Let me help you.Let’s go at six o’clock.否定句一般在宾语后加not。如: Let’ not watch TV.4)No+V-ing型(此种形式通常用于公共场合的提示语中,意为―禁止做某事―)如:
No smoking!严禁吸烟!No talking!不许交谈!
No passing!禁止通行!No parking!不许停车!
Must与have to
1.must表主观看法,主观上的必要
have to 表客观需要
e.g.My brother was very ill, so I had to call the doctor in the middle of the night.我弟弟病得很厉害,我只得半夜里把医生请来。(客观上需要做这件事)
He said that they must work hard.他说他们必须努力工作。(主观上要做这件事)
2.have to有人称、数、时态的变化,而must只有一种形式。3.在否定结构中: don't have to 表示“不必”;mustn't 表示“禁止”。
e.g.You don't have to(needn’t没必要)tell him about it.你不一定要把此事告诉他。
You mustn't(can’t 不能)tell him about it.你一定不要把这件事告诉他。On time 准时,按时。In time 及时,迟早
e.g.We were just in time for(to catch)the bus.我们及时赶上了公车。
The train pulled in on time.车准时到站。
Unit 5 Why do you like pandas?
一、词组
want to do sth.想要做某事 want sb to do sth 想要某人做某事 want sth 想要某物 Let sb do sth 让某人做某事
Kind
kind of 有几分种类
a kind of 一种…(all)kinds of 各种各样的=various of like to do sth/like doing sth 喜欢做某事
play with 与...一起玩 during the day 在白天
at night 在夜间
二、句型与日常交际用语
1、-why do you like pandas?/-Why dose he like koalas?
-Because they’re kind of interesting.2、Why do you want to see the lions?
-Because they’re …
3、-Where are lions from?
-Lions are from South Africa.4、-What(other)animals do you like?
-I like elephants.5.This is a symbol of good luck.…的象征
6.Have a good memory like an elephant.形容记忆力好.-How old are you?=What’s your age?
–I’m ten years old./I’m ten.8.-Do you like giraffes?-Yes, I do./ No, I don’t.9.make of 与make from
―由…组成‖ make of 看得出原材料,物理变化;make from 看不出原材料,化学变化。
e.g.We must save trees and not by things made of ivory(象牙).The paper is made of wood.The other, others, another, other的区别
10.other可作形容词或代词,做形容词时,意思是―别的,其他‖,泛指―其他的(人或物)‖。e.g : Do you have any other question(s)? 你还有其他问题吗? Ask some other people.问问别人吧!Put it in your other hand.把它放在你另一只手里。
11.the other指两个人或物中的一个时,只能用the other,不能用another,此时的other作代词。如: He has two daughters.One is a nurse, the other is a worker.他有两个女儿,一个是护士,另一个是工人。the other后可加单数名词,也可加复数名词,此时的other作形容词。如: On the other side of the street,there is a tall tree.在街道的另一边,有一棵大树。Mary is much taller than the other girls.玛丽比其他的女孩高得多。He lives on the other side of the river.他住在河的对岸。
12.others是other的复数形式,泛指―另外几个‖,―其余的‖。在句中可作主语、宾语。如: Some of us like singing and dancing, others go in for sports.我们一些人喜欢唱歌和跳舞,其余的从事体育活动。Give me some others, please.请给我别的东西吧!There are no others.没有别的了。
13.the others意思是―其他东西,其余的人‖。特指某一范围内的―其他的(人或物)‖。是the other的复数形式。如: Two boys will go to the zoo, and the others will stay at home.两个男孩将去动物园,其余的留在家里。the others=the other 复数名词,这在第2条中已经有所介绍。
14.another=an other,既可作形容词,也可作代词,只能用于三个或更多的人或物,泛指同类事物中的三者或三者以上的―另一个‖,只能代替或修饰单数可数名词。如: I don’t like this one.Please show me another.我不喜欢这一个,请给我看看另一个。I have three daughters.One is a nurse, another is a teacher and another is a worker.我有三个女儿。一个是护士,另一个是教师,还有一个是工人。
15.Let’s do sth , let’s=let us 让我们做…… 人称代词用宾格
Let’s 之后跟动词原形。Let’s see the panda.我们看熊猫吧。
Let’s go!我们走吧!
Unit 6 I’m watching TV.一、词组
do one’s homework 做家庭作业
watch TV 看电视
eat dinner 吃饭;就餐 clean the room 打扫房间
talk on the phone 电话聊天
thanks for+n/doing为某事感谢某人
go shopping/swimming去购物/游泳 at the pool 在游泳池 at school 在学校 in the tree 在树上 read newspaper/a book 看报纸/看书
write a letter 写信
go to the movies =go to the cinema=watch a movie 看电影
take photos 拍照 wait for 等待;等候
TV show 电视节目 talk about 谈论…
e.g.What are you talking about?
some of…中的一些
a photo of my family 我的家庭照 be with 和...一起
with sb.和某人在一起
in the first/last photo在第一张/最后一张照片
二、句型与日常交际用语
1.-What+be+主语+doing? …正在做什么?
-主语+be doing… …正在做某事
2.-Here are/is…
e.g: Here are some of my photos./Here is a photo of my family.3.-Do you want to go to the movies?
-Sure.4.-When do you want to go?
-Let’s go at seven.5.-Where do people play basketball?
-At school.6.-What’s he waiting for?
-He’s waiting for a bus.7.-What’s he reading?
-He’s reading a newspaper.8.Can +do(动词原形)可以… e.g.You can see my family at home.三、语法——现在进行时
1)现在在进行时的形式:助动词be(am,is,are)+动词-ing形式(也叫现在分词),表示现在(说话的瞬间)正在进行或发生的动作。
2)现在进行时的肯定句形式:主语+be(am,is,are)+动词现在分词+其他
e.g:I’m watching TV.3)现在进行时的否定句形式:主语+be(am,is,are)+not+动词现在分词+其他 e.g:They are not playing soccer.4)现在进行时的一般疑问句形式及回答: ——Is(am,are)+主语+动词现在分词+其他? ——Yes,主语+is/am/are.No,主语+isn’t/aren’t/am not.e.g:Are you reading? Yes,I am.No,I am not.5)现在进行时的特殊疑问句形式:特殊疑问词+is/am/are+主语+现在分词+其他?
e.g:What is your brother doing?
Unit 7 It’s raining!
一、词组
play computer games 打电子游戏
lie on the beach 躺在沙滩上
play beach volleyball 打沙滩排球
in this heat 在酷暑中
in picture 在图片里
on vacation 度假
on the beach 在海边
around the world 世界各地 =all over the world
be surprised at sth./sb.对某人或某人感到惊讶
be relaxed 放松 =feel relaxed
have a good time 玩得很痛快
in different kind of weather 在不同的天气里
thank sb for(doing)sth由于某事而感谢某人 some…others…一些…另一些…
a group of people 一群人
look at sb doing/do sth 看某人正在做某事/做了某事(事情的全过程)
everyone后只接人不跟of, 相当于everybody;every one 后跟人或物,可跟of。e.g.Everyone is here.每个人都在这。
Every one of the students likes the teacher.每位学生都很喜欢这个老师。
二、句型/日常交际用语
(1)-How’s the weather(+地点)?-It’s rainy./It’s cold and snowing.(2)-What’s the weather like?-The weather there is very hot.(3)-How’s it going(with sb.)?某人最近怎样。/How was your trip?-Great./Not bad./Terrible/Pretty good!
(4)Thanks you for joining CCTV’s Around the World show!(5)-Is Aunt Wang there?-Yes, she is/No, she isn’t.(6)There are many people here on vacation.(7)See you later./See you soon.之后见/很快见
(8)My phone isn’t working.我的电话坏了。
Unit 8 Is there a post office near there?
一、词组
post office 邮局
pay phone 投币式公用电话
next to 在...隔壁
across from 在...对面 in front of 在...前面
between…and… 在...和...之间
on a street 在街上
in the neighborhood 在附近
on the right/left 在右边/在左边 behind…在…后面 on Green street 在格林街上
near…在…附近
go straight 一直走
go down(along)…沿着...走
welcome to… 欢迎 enjoy+名词/doing喜欢做某事
have fun 过得愉快
on one’s right/left 在某人的右边/左边
turn right/left 向右/左转
take a walk 散步
the way to „去...的路
let sb do sth 让某人做某事
take a taxi 打的/乘出租车
go through...穿过..have a good trip 旅途愉快=have a good time.玩的开心,过得愉快
arrive at(小地方)/in(大地方)到达
at the beginning of 在...开始的时候
at the end of 在...结束的时候 hope to do sth/that/for sth 希望做某事(不可以用hope sb.to do sth.)help sb.to do sth./sb.sth.帮助某人某事 in front of 与 in the front of 的区别
in front of就是指在某物的前方;in the front of是指在某物的内部靠前的地方。
e.g.Sit in the front of the classroom.指坐在教室前排的。
Sit in front of the classroom指坐在教室前面(教室外面的前面)。It cost sb.st.to do sth./some moey sb.spend time on sth./(in)doing sth./sb.spend some money.花费时间/金钱做某事
二、句型。
1、Is there a......?句型.
e.g:
-Excuse me.Is there a hotel in /near the neighborhood.-Yes, there is.No.there isn’t
2、Where is......?句型. e.g:-Where is the park, please?-It’s behind the bank.(肯定回答)-I’m sorry I don’t know.(否定回答)
3、Which is the way to +地点? 句型.如:
Which is the way to the library?
4、How can I get to +地点?句型.如:
How can I get to the restaurant?
5、Can you tell me the way to +地点?/Could you please tell me ….句型.如:
Can you tell me the way to the post office?
6、Let me tell you the way to my house.7、Just go straight and turn left.三、日常交际用语
1、Is there a bank near here?
Yes, there is.It’s on Centre Street./No, there isn’t.2、Where’s the supermarket? It’s next to the library.3、Bridge Street is a good place to have fun.4、I hope you have a good trip.5.If you are hungry,you can buy food in the restaurant.6、Talk a walk though the park..7、I know you are arriving next Sunday.我知道你下周日要来。
8、Time goes by./time goes quickly.时间流逝/时间流逝得飞快
Unit 9 What dose he look like?
一、词组
curly /short/straight/long hair卷/短/直发 of medium height/build中等高度/身体
a little bit+形容词 一点儿„
a pop singer 一位流行歌手
be popular with sb 在…流行
not…any more 不再
good-looking 好看
wear glasses 戴眼镜
have a new look 呈现新面貌
the captain of the basketball team 篮球队队长
Nobody knows me 没有人认识我二、句型 1)--What does he look like?
--He’s really short.He has short hair./ He is of medium build.2)Do you know I have a new friend in Class Five?
3)--She has beautiful, long black hair.--I don’t think he’s so great.4)stop doing(sth)表示停止正在干的事 如: He stop listening--She never stops talking.stop to do(sth)表示停下来去做某事 如: He stops to listen.5)I can go shopping and nobody knows me.6)-Is he tall or short? –He’s of medium height.7)He has long straight brown hair.Unit 10 I’d like some noodles.一、词组
would like+ n/to do 想要
a large/medium/small bowl of 大碗/中碗/小碗
what size 什么尺寸 orange juice 桔汁
green tea 绿茶
what kind of 表示„.的种类
a kind of 一种„ some kind of 许多种„
a bowl of rice 一碗米饭
a bottle of orange juice 一瓶桔子汁(不可数)three oranges 三个桔子(可数)
some chicken 一些鸡肉(不可数)three chickens 三只小鸡(可数)gongbao chicken 宫爆鸡丁
mapo tofu 麻婆豆腐
cut up 切碎
cut down 砍下
cut off 切断
cut out 切掉
二、句型
1)What kind of „ would you like? 你想要„?
2)--What size bowl of noodles would you like?
--I like a small bowl of noodles.3)We have large ,medium, and small bowls.4)I like dumplings, I don’t like noodles.三、日常交际用语
1)--Can I help you?/ What can I do for you?/May I take your order?
--I’d like some noodles.please.2)--What kind of noodles would you like?
--I’d like mutton and potato noodles.Please.3)--Would you like a cup of green tea?
--Yes, please./No, thanks
would like后面还可以跟不定式.即:
1,would like to do sth.想要做某事 He would like to see you today.2,would like sb.to.do.sth.想要某人做某事 What would you like me to do.※ If
If 引导的条件状语从句 主句用一般将来时,从句用一般现在时。e.g.If he or she blows(从句)out all the candles in one go, the wish will(主句)come true.If it doesn’t(从句)rain, we will(主句)play basketball.※ It
it 作形式主语。结构:it+be(is/was)+(for sb.)+to do sth.(对某人来说)做某事怎么样
e.g.It’s getting more and more popular to have cake on your birthday.= It becomes more and more popular that people have cake on their birthday.Unit 11 How was you weekend?
一、词组
do some reading 阅读
study for the(math)test 准备(数学)考试
have a party/ do some sports 做运动
practice+n/doing 练习…
what aout/ How about+n/doing 做什么怎么样
stay at home 呆家里
go to summer camp 去夏令营
go shopping 去购物 go to the beach/pool 去沙滩/游泳
go to the mountains 去爬
last month 上个月
three days ago 三天前
yesterday 昨天
the day before yesteday 前天
the day after tomorrow 后天
look for 寻找
look after 照顾,看管
look out(for)留神,注意
look up 查找 go for a walk 散步
in the morning/afternoon/evening 在早上/在下午/在晚上
on Sunday morning 在某个具体一天的上午、下午用介词on play computer games 玩电脑游戏
spend money/time on sth/(in)doing sth 花费…做… watch sb do/doing sth 看某人做了某事/正在做某事
二、句型
1)I visited my aunt last weekend.2)--How was your weekend?--It was great./OK
3)It was time for sb to do sth.三、日常交际用语
1)--What did you do last weekend?--On Saturday morning,I played teenis.2)--How was your weekend?--It was great.I went to the brach.※感叹句
1.What + a + 形容词 + 名词单数(+ 主语+动词)/ 2.What + 形容词 + 名词复数(+ 主语 + 动词)/ 3.What + 形容词 + 不可数名词(+主语+动词)
e.g.What a beautiful girl she is!(单数)
What beautiful girls they are!(复数)
What delicious milk it is!
(不可数)4.How + 形容词/副词(+ 主语 + 动词)
E.g.How beautiful this girl is!
(以上有点麻烦,简单记:把感叹句从后面把主语和谓语(句子)挑出,然后看前面的感叹部分,若有名词,就用what;若无,就用how。)但是注意单数时候:what a careful student she is!= How careful a student sh is!练习:
_____nice it is today!
_____ a nice day it is today!
_____ ugly animals they are!
What a big box it is!== How big the box is!What nice weather it is!== How nice the weather is!What clean rooms they are!== How clean the rooms are!Unit 12 Where did you do last weekend?
一、词组
pretty good 相当好;不错
in the conner 在角落
kind of boring 有点无聊
be lost 迷路 feel happy 感到高兴 be fun 很有趣
on vacation 在度假
Central Park中央公园
the Great Wall 长城
the Palace Museum 故宫
Tian’an Men Square 天安门广场
make sb adj 使某人… make sb do sth 使某人做某事
decide to do sth决定做某事
二、句型
1)--Where did you go on vacation?
--I went to the breach.2)--How was the weather?
--It was hot and humid.3)--It was kind of boring
4)--That made me feel very happy.5)--We had great fun playing in the water.--have great fun doing sth表示―愉快地做某事‖,―做某事很有趣‖
6)I helped him find his father.That made me feel very happy.make sb.do.sth.使某人做某事let(make)sb.do.sth.7)I found a small boy crying in the conner.find sb.doing sth.发现某人正在做某事。find sb.do.sth.发现某人做某事(整个过程)
第二篇:初一英语上册各单元语法知识点复习总结
初一英语上册各单元知识点总结 Unit 1 My name’s Gina
【语法看点】
语法探究一:常见的打招呼的问候语
人际交往中,最常用的语言是打招呼的问候用语。在不同的国家里,打招呼和问候的方式是不同的。中国人喜欢用“吃了吗?” “你干什么去?”作为打招呼的开场白,而在欧美国家的人们是怎样打招呼或问候呢? 1.熟人打招呼:
—Hello!/Hi!—Hello!/Hi!2.不同时段的问候:
—Good morning/afternoon/evening/night!(Morning!/Afternoon!/Evening!)—Good morning!/afternoon!/evening!3.熟人间关心的问好:
—How are you? —Fine.thank you.And you?(I'm fine,thank you./I'm OK./Not bad.)4.晚上睡觉前的告别语:
—Good night!晚安!
—Good night!晚安!语法探究二:打电话用语
我们经常打电话,但你知道怎样用英语给别人打电话吗? 1.This is...(speaking).我是……
2.Who is that? 你是准? 或Is that...(speaking)? 你是……吗? 3.May I speak to...,please? 我可以跟…说话吗? 4.He's in(out).他在家(不在家)。
5.Can I take a message for you? 我可以为你捎信吗? 6.Can I leave a message? 我可以留个信儿吗? 7.Hold on,please.稍等。
Unit 2 This is my sister 【语法看点】
语法探究一:介绍和自我介绍
“介绍和自我介绍”是新课程标准中的话题之一。学会向外人介绍自己的家人是中学生日常用语常用的语言,也是中考中交际英 语常考的内容。下面就简单介绍一下。(l)This is my,..这是我的……(2)That's my...那是我的……
(3)Is this /that your...? 这/那是你的……吗?(4)These/ Those are...这些/那些是……
(5)—Who is she/he?她/他是谁? —She/He is my...她/他是我的…
(6)—Who are they?他们是谁? —They are...他们是…… 语法探究二:人称代词和指示代词 1.人称代词
(1)概念:英语中代替具体的人或物的词叫人称代词,有第一、二、三人称及单复数、性别之分。
(2)用法:指代上文提到的不同人称的人或物。如:Peter is a good boy.He is twelve.(3)be动词根据人称代词和数的变化而变化。如:I'm Linda.He is Jim. 2.指示代词
(1)指示代词是指代前面的名词的词。常见的有this,that,these,those等。
(2)用法:指示代词可以在句中作主语,宾语和定语。如:This is a pencil.That boy is my new friend.♥ 提醒:this,these指代近处的人或事物;that,those指代远处的人或事物。
Unit 3 Is this your pencil? 【语法看点】人称代词和物主代词 语法探究一:人称代词
(1)概念:表示“我”、“你”、“他”、“她”、“它”、“我们”、“你们”、“他们”的词,叫做人称代词。人称代词有人称、数和格的变化,见下表:
人称 单数 复数
主格 宾格 主格 宾格 第一人称 I me we us 第二人称 you you you you 第三人称 he him they them she her it it
(2)用法:人称代词主格作主语 I am a teacher.You are a student.(3)人称代词宾格作宾语,表示动作行为的对象。Give it to me.Let's go.语法探究二:物主代词
(l)概念:表示所有关系的代词叫做物主代词,也可叫做代词所有格。物主代词分形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词两种,其人称和数的变化见下表。数 单数 复数
人称类别 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称
形容词性物主代词 my your his her its our your their 名词性物主代词 mine yours his hers its ours yours theirs 汉语 我的 你的 他的 她的 它的 我们的 你们的 他/她/它们的
名词性物主代词=形容词性物主代词+名词。其后不必加名词。如:
Is this your book? No,it isn't.It's hers(her book).Unit 4 Where’s my schoolbag? 【语法看点】
语法探究名词变复数小结
可数名词有单数和复数两种形式。名词单数变复数形式的部分规则如下:
(1)一般名词词尾加s。如: pen→pens
(2)以o结尾的名词一般直接加~s。如:radio→radios,photo → photos
但有的以o结尾的有生命的名词要加~es。如:tomato→ tomatoes(3)以s,x,ch,sh结尾的名词变为复数时要加~es。如:bus→buses, box→boxes, watch→watches(4)以“辅音字母加y”结尾的名词变y为i加~es。女口: dictionary→dictionaries
(5)以“元音字母加y”结尾的直接加~s,如:boy→ boys,key→ keys(6)以f或fe结尾的名词,一般情况下将f、fe变为v,再加~es。如:leaf→ leaves, wife→wives Unit 5 Do you have a soccer ball? 【语法看点】
语法探究:一般现在时 1.定义
表示现在经常性或习惯性的动作或状态;还用于个人的情况介绍。2.用法
(1)谓语动词为be。
①变否定句时,在am,is,are的后面加________即可;
②变一般疑问句则要把________、________或________提前。同时,把句号变成问号;
③变特殊疑问句:用特殊疑问词替换画线部分,放在句首,同时把剩余的部分变成一般疑问句放在特殊疑问词的后面。(2)谓语动词是实义动词。
①变否定句时,需要增加助动词________或________.当主语是第一人称I,we,第二人称you或第三人称复数时,助动词do变为________;当主语是第三人称单数时,助动词does变为________,同时,后面跟动词原形。
②变一般疑问句时,也要增加助动词放在句首,原来的动词变为动词原形。
③变特殊疑问句时,用特殊疑问词替换划线部分,置于句首,后面加—般疑问句。
Unit 6 Do you like bananas? 【语法看点】 语法探究:名词
★ 分类:英语中的普通名词可以分为可数名词和不可数名词。★ 可数名词复数的规则变化
l)一般情况,在名词词尾加____,如:apple→____________;book→____________。
2)以s、x、sh、ch结尾的名词加____,如:glass→ ________,box→ ________。
3)以辅音字母加y结尾的名词,变y为_____ 加_______,如cities,babies,enemies。
4)以f或fe结尾的名词,多数变f或fe为v加es,如:wife→wives,leaf→leaves。
但有些词只加s,如:roofs,proofs,chiefs。
5)以o结尾的名词,多数加es,但一些外来词或词尾为两个元音字母的词加s。
如: tomato→________,zoo→zoos,photo→________。6)不规则名词变化:foot→feet,tooth→teeth, child→children, man→men,woman→women, sheep→sheep, deer→deer, mouse→mice。
★ 名词变复数的读音:(口诀:清清浊浊元浊)1)清辅音后读/s/,如:map→maps
浊辅音和元音后读/ z /,如:bag→bags,car→cars 2)以s,sh,ch,x等结尾加es读/ iz /,如:bus→buses, watch→watches
以ce,se,ze等结尾加s读/iz/,如:license→licenses, 以辅音字母+y结尾,变y为i再加es读/z/,如:baby→babies Unit 7 How much are there socks ? 5 【语法看点】 语法探究:购物
“购物”是初中新课程标准中规定的话题之一,也是中考常考的内容。所以,学会“购物用语”对于我们学习英语非常重要。常用的购物用语有:
(1)Can I help you?= What can I do for you? 我能为您做些什么?
(2)What color do you want? 您要什么颜色的?
(3)What sizes do you have/want? 您有/想要多大尺寸的?(4)一How much is it? 一It's…dollars/ yuan.这个多少钱?……美元/元。
(5)一How much are they? 一They're...Dollars.他们多少钱?他们……美元。
(6)What/How about…? ……怎么样?(7)It's too expensive.太贵了。(8)It's cheap.很便宜。
(9)It/They look(s)nice.I'll take it/them.看起来不错,我买了。(10)Thanks a lot.非常感谢。(11)You're welcome.不客气。(12)Here you are.给你。Unit 8 When is your birthday? 【语法看点】
语法探究一:生日话题
“询问生日”是日常生活中常用到的话题,也是中考常考的内容。所以,学会“询问生日…
对于我们学习英语非常重要。常用的询问生日用语有:
—When is your birthday? 一It's… 语法探究二:介词on,in,at的用法
与时间名词连用时介词on,in,at的用法:
at : 表示在某一时刻。如: at six(o'clock)在六点钟,at half past rune在九点半,at three forty-five在三点四十五分
in : 表示在某一段时间内,可能很长,也可能很短。如:in five minutes在五分钟以内,In summer在夏天,in May,1965在一九六五年五月 on : 表示在具体的某一天或某一天的上午、下午或晚上。
如:on September 10在九月十日,on Friday morning在星期五上午,on a cold winter morning 在一个寒冷的冬天的早晨
注意:1.in也常常与morning,afternoon,evening这三个词构成固定搭配,表示在„„上午、下午、晚上”,这时名词前用定冠词the,且不要修饰语。如:in the morning在早晨;
in the afternoon在下午;in the evening在晚上。
2.at也可用于一些固定搭配中,如:at noon,at night, at the weekend, at weekends等。
3.在以this,that,tomorrow,next,yesterday, every,last,today等开头的时间前二般不
加介词。如:last autumn去年秋天;this evening今天晚上;next Friday下周五
Unit 9 My favorite subject is science 【语法看点】 话题探究
“学校生活和兴趣爱好”是初中新课程标准中规定的话题之一,也是日常生活常谈论 的内容。常用的句型有:
(1)—What's your favorite subject? 你最喜欢的科目是什么?
—My favorite subject is English.我最喜欢的科目是英语。(2)—Why do you like it? 你为什么喜欢它?
—Because it's interesting.因为它有趣。
(3)—Who is your English teacher? 你的英语老师是谁?
—Ms Zhang.张老师。
(4)—When is your English class? 什么时候上英语课?
—It's on Monday and Wednesday.周一和周三。
第三篇:8B各单元知识点_doc
8年级B U1 1.average adj.平均的 2.item n.一件物品
3.product n.产品
produce v.生产
producer n.制片人,制作者
production n.产品
4.fighter
n.战士,都市
fight v./ n.战斗,打架
fight for sth.为。。而战
fight for freedom 为自由而战 5.fact n.事实
factor n.因素
6.scientist
n.科学家
science n.科学
piano n.钢琴
pianist n.钢琴家
music n.音乐
musician n.音乐家,乐师
7.interested adj.感兴趣的interesting adj.有趣的 interest n.兴趣 [C] 8.be interested in
对。。感兴趣
show no interest in 对。。无兴趣 9.notebook n.笔记本
note n.笔记
take note 记笔记
10.suppose v.认为,推断
I suppose =I think = in my opinion =in my case 11.breathe v.呼吸
breath in the fresh air 吸入新鲜空气 breath n.呼吸
take a deep breath 深吸一口气 12.pure adj.纯净的 purely adv.纯净地
13.gas n.气体,汽油 [AmE] petrol n.汽油 [BrE]
gas station 汽油站 14.release v.释放,发布、发行、放映
n.(唱片等)发行,释放
15.oxygen n.氧,氧气
carbon dioxide 二氧化碳
dioxide n.二氧化物 16.hectare
n.公顷
17.produce v.生产,产生
18.alive adj.活着,在世 [表] living adj.活着的 [定] lively adj.活泼的 live v./ adj.居住,现场的 19.as well as 也,还
20.natural adj.自然的,天然的nature n.自然
21.air conditioner
n.空调
22.warn v.警惕,警告
warn sb.to do sth.warn sb.not to do sth.warning n.警告,告诫
warning sign 警告标志
23.protect v.保护
protect sb.from doing 保护某人免受。。
prevent / stop sb.from doing 保护某人免受。。24.chemical n.化学物质,化学品
pl.chemicals
chemistry 化学
chemical adj.化学的chemist n.化学家
physics
n.物理
physical adj.物理的 physicist n.物理学家 25.nasty adj.令人厌恶的,令人不悦的 26.join v.加入
join +团体,组织 join in =take part in +某项活动 enter for +某个比赛项目 27.communicate v.交流信息,沟通
communicate with sb.与。。交流
communication n.交流
28.one another =each other 互相
29.burn v.烧毁,烧死
burning adj.燃烧着的30.replace v.替换,取代
replacement n.更换
31.hardly adv.几乎不
hard adj./adv.艰难的,硬的32.destroy v.毁坏,摧毁
destruction n.毁灭,毁坏
33.exchange v.交流,交换
change v.改变 n.替换,变更 34.nature n.自然
35.main adj.主要的,最重要的mainly adv.主要地 36.lorry n.卡车 pl.lorries
语法:
1.一般现在时与现在进行时
感官动词 see, hear, smell, sound, taste
情感动词love, like, dislike, hate
知觉动词understand, know, think, believe, suppose
状态动词have, mean, contain, belong to 以上词无现在进行时。当与其他词搭配有了动作意义时,有现在进行时。2.keep 的用法:
a.用作及物动词
keep sth.+adj.keep sb.doing
保留,留存,保持,留下
we’d better keep a seat for him.履行,遵守
One should keep one’s promise.使。。处于某种状态
he kept me waiting for half an hour.b.用作不及物动词
please keep quiet.c.keep 构成的一些短语
keep sb.away(from)sth.使某人离开某物
keep in touch with 与。。保持联系
keep sb.from doing sth.阻止某人做某事
keep(on)doing sth.继续做某事
keep sth.in mind 记住某事物
keep off 远离,避开,让开
keep back 忍住,扣下,隐瞒
keep up with 跟上,不落在后面 2.as well as
A as well as B 强调A
A and B 谓语动词用复数
A with B 谓语动词用单数
A as well as B 谓语动词用单数
A together with B 谓语动词用单数
8年级B U2 1.daily adv.每天=every day
adj.每天的 2.amount n.数量,数额
an amount of 一定数量的 a large amount of 大量的 a small amount of 少量的 +[U] 3.increase v.增加
decrease v.减少
increase ….by =add… to We have increased our population by 100 million.We have added 100 million to our population.4.remain v.仍然是,保持不变
remains n.剩余物,残留物 5.symbol n.符号
6.flow v.流,流动
7.washbasin n.洗脸盆
8.vanish v.突然消失=disappear
反义词:appear
vanish into the air /from sight 消失不见
vanish in darkness 在黑暗中消失
vanish into nothing 化为乌有 9.drain n.下水道
10.impatient adj.不耐烦的 patient adj.有耐心的impatience n.11.obey v.服从,遵守
disobey v.违反,不服从
12.faint adj.微弱的=weak 反义词:strong
13.float v.浮,漂,飘动,漂移
floating adj.漂浮的
14.comfortably adv.舒服地
comfortable adj.uncomfortably adv.15.relax v.放松
relaxation n.休息,放松
relaxed adj.放松的 16.clean up 净化
17.puzzled adj.困惑的 puzzle v.使困惑
18.treatment n.处理加工 n.治疗
treat v.对待,治疗 19.works n.工厂
a water treatment works 自来水厂
20.thorough adj.彻底的,完全的 thoroughly adv.完全,非常,很 21.cleaning n.打扫,清洁
clean v.打扫
adj.干净的 22.pipe n.管子,管道
n.烟斗 23.until conj.直到。。为止
prep.直到。。为止 24.sewage n.污水,污物
25.sewage plant 污水处理厂 26.pump v.用泵输送
n.泵
27.precious adj.宝贵的 =valuable adj.贵重的=costly
worthless adj.无价值的 28.liquid n.液体
solid n.固体 gas n.气体 29.rest v.休息
n.休息
rest of 剩余的
30.ordinary adj.平常的,普通的=normal=common
extraordinary adj.不平常的 31.manufacture v.大量生产
n.产品,制造,制造业
32.equipment n.设备,器材
musical equipment 乐器
equip v.配备,装备 33.tool n.工具
34.chart n.图表
语法:
1.freeze v.愣住,吓住,结冰
froze, frozen
freezing adj.极冷的frozen adj.冰冻的 2.loud adj.大声的
loudly adv.喧闹地
aloud adv.出声地
3.science n.科学
scientific adj.科学家
scientist n.科学家
4.complete adj.完整的,完成incomplete adj.不完整的completely adv.完整地,十分 5.valuable adj.有价值的,贵重的valueless adj.无价值的 value n.价值,重要性 6.表示可数和不可数的量
表示不可数名词的量,可用:a little, little, much, too much, too little 表示可数名词的量,可用:a few, few, many, too many, too few
表示可数和不可数名词的量,可用:a lot of, lots of, no, none, enough 7.否定迁移的词:think, suppose, expect, imagine
I think you are right.I don’t think you are right.我认为你是错的。反意疑问句,宾语从句要与主句一致。当主语是I的时候,反意疑问句要与从句一致。8.remember to so sth./ doing sth.forget to do sth./ doing sth.stop to do sth./ doing sth.try to do sth./doing sth.努力做某事/尝试做某事
8年级B U3 【词汇】
1.servant n.仆人
serve v.为别人工作或服务
service n.服务,协助,工作
2.electricity n.电,电能
electric adj.用电力工作的,电动的electrical adj.用电的,使用电力的 electronic adj.电子元器件的,电子的
3.trick v.哄骗
n.诡计,花招
play a trick on sb.捉弄某人
4.foolish adj.愚蠢的fool n.傻瓜,愚弄
wise adj.聪明的,明智的 5.wire n.金属丝,金属线
6.meter n.计量器,计量表
electricity meter 电表
water meter 水表 7.measure v.测量,度量
n.量度法,计量制
v.高度、长度为。。
e.j.The pool measures 25m by 5 m 这个游泳池长25米,宽5米 measurement n.长度、宽度、高度等
8.bill n.账单,钞票,币
9.monthly adv.每月一次
adj.每月的 10.in a way 在某种程度上
in this way 用这种方法
by the way 顺便
on the way 在路上
out of the way 让路 11.explanation n.解释,说明
explain v.解释
12.careful adj.小心的,谨慎的be careful with 小心对待,谨慎处理
careless adj.粗心的carefully adv.小心地
care v.n.13.scratch v.挠,抓
14.invisible adj.看不见的,隐形的visible adj.看的见的 15.bulb n.电灯泡
light bulb 电灯 16.connect to 连接,联结=link to 17.bury v.埋藏(buried, buried)
18.power station 发电厂,发电站
power n.力量
powerful adj.有力量的 19.politely adv.有礼貌地,客气地
polite adj.有礼貌的 politeness n.礼貌
impolitely adv.无礼地,没规矩地
rudely adv.粗鲁地
20.grin n.露齿而笑
v.咧嘴笑
21.contain v.包含,含有,容纳
container n.容器 22.clear adj.清楚的clearly adv.清晰地 23.iron n.熨斗,铁
v.熨烫
24.switch v.开或关
n.开关,电键
25.off adv.不连接,不工作 turn off, switch off, get off, put off, take off 26.switch off 关 =turn off
turn on =switch on put on, 27.lock v.锁上
n.锁
28.test v.试验
n.测验,试验
29.encourage v.鼓励
encourage sb.to do sth.鼓励某人做某事
encouragement n.鼓励
30.behave v.表现
behaviour =behavior n.行为,举止
31.polite adj.礼貌的
32.staff n.全体职工,事情 33.customer n.顾客=client
【语法】 1.否定前缀
un-: happy –unhappy, kind-unkind, true-untrue, able-unable, comfortable-uncomfortable, friendly-unfriendly
in-: correct-incorrect, dependent –independent, accurate-inaccurate, sensible-insensible im-: possible –impossible, polite-impolite ir-: regular –irregular
dis-: honest –dishonest, agreeable-disagreeable 2.情态动词:
一、用can, could 和be able to 表示“能力”
a.can 表示某事的可能性或是表达某人具备某种能力做某事。could 是can 的过去式。用在一般现在时could 比can 更加委婉。b.be able to 表示能力(有各种时态的变化)
二、用must与mustn’t, have to与don’t have to, needn’t 表示义务
a.must 表示必须做,具有强制性,表达一种责任或义务。没有过去时,过去时用had to b.must 表肯定猜测。有一定的意思。否定猜测用can’t c.mustn’t 表示禁止,绝对不允许。具有强制性 d.don’t have to, needn’t 是不必的意思。表示可以这么做,也可以不这么做。前者有人称、失态变化,后者没有。
三、can, could, may 表示许可
a.在请求对方的许可,或是准许做某事时。can 最为常用,could 较为婉转,may 比较正式
b.表示给予许可时,通常用can 或may,而不用could.e.j.Could I borrow your pen? Of course you can.四、用can, could, would 表示“请求”
当需要得到别人帮助时,常用can, could, would 提问。回答时,could, would 很少用 3.宾语从句
一、宾语从句的引导词: that 引导陈述句的宾语从句。(that可以省略)that 不可以省略的情况:
a.主从句之间有插入语时。e.j.It says here, on this card, that it was used in plays.b.从句中的主语是that 时。e.j.He thinks that that is a washing machine.c.若出现两个或两个以上的宾语从句,且由并列连词连接时,只有第一个引导词可以省略。e.j.My aunt says(that)she will come and that she will also bring her daughter.if, whether 引导一般疑问句的宾语从句。(不可以省略)其他特殊疑问词引导其提问的特殊疑问句的宾语从句
二、宾语从句的否定转移及反意疑问句
a.主句的谓语动词是:think, believe, imagine, suppose, guess 等,并且主句的主语是第一人称而且为一般现在时,从句的否定词一般要转移到主句中来,其反意疑问句一般对应宾语从句。
e.j.I don’t think he will come to the party.b.如果宾语从句的主句非第一人称,反意疑问句要与主句一致。主从句中的否定全部算否定,反意疑问句要用肯定形式。
e.j.We find that he never listens to the teacher carefully, does he?
三、无需改变语序的宾语从句:
a.当特殊疑问词充当宾语从句的主语时,宾语从句部分的语序与其特殊疑问句语序一致。e.j.Can you tell me who is the group leader?
I don’t know what makes him so sick.b.宾语从句若为what’s the matter/ the problem / wrong 等表示询问存在某些问题的句子时,语序也不需变化。
e.j.Please tell me what’s wrong with you.Do you know what’s the matter with my watch?
四、宾语从句的时态:
主句为一般现在时,从句为:一般现在时,一般过去时,现在进行时,现在完成时,一般将来时
主句为一般过去时,从句为:一般过去时,过去完成时,过去进行时,过去完成时,过去将来时
注意:当从句为客观真理时,无论主句是什么时态,从句均用一般现在时。
8年级B U4 【词汇】
1.passage n.章节,段落
2.term n.学期
this term/ last term / next term
semester n.半学年,学期
3.publish v.出版,发表
publishing n.出版业,发行业
publisher n.出版人,发行人 4.elect v.选举,推选
election n.选举
elector n.选民
choose v.选择
(一般性选)elect v.选举(精挑细选)5.chief adj.最重要的,主要的 chief editor 主编
chief n.主厨
chief adj.可以修饰人
main
adj.主要修饰整体的一部分 5.editor n.编辑
edit v.编辑,校正
6.suggest v.建议
suggestion n.建议(可数)advice n.建议(不可数)
suggest doing sth./ suggest that 主语should do 7.experience n.经验(不可数),经历(可数)experienced adj.有经验的 8.take charge of = be in charge of 主管,掌管
be in the charge of 受。掌管 9.ought to modal v.应该=should 否定ought not to =should not 10.talk…over =discuss …carefully 仔细讨论,详谈 11.reader n.读者
read v.读
reading n.阅读 12.consider v.仔细考虑 =think… carefully
consider …as 忍着考虑,客观 regard ….as 外部认为,主管 treat ….as 对待,行动
13.briefly adv.短暂地
brief adj.主要的,简短的in brief 简而言之 14.whether conj.是否=if
15.a bit = a little 有点,一点
not a bit 一点也不=not at all not a little 非常,很 16.decision n.决定
decide v.决定
decide to do sth.决定做某事
come to / arrive at / reach / make a decision 做决定 17.conclude v.(使)结束,终止 conclusion n.结论 18.monitor n.班长
19.choice n.选择
choose v.选择
by choice 出于自己的选择
20.agree on 一致同意
agree v.同意
disagree 不同意
agreement n.协议
agree with 同意某人 agree to do sth.同意做某事
agree sth.同意某物
I couldn’t agree more 我再同意不过。21.youth n.青年时期
young adj.年轻的 22.in all 总共,共计 = altogether
23.talent n.天才,天赋
talented adj.有天赋的 24.gather v.聚集,召集
25.congratulation n.祝贺
congratulate v.祝贺 26.deserve v.值得(无现在进行时)
His brave act deserves praise.他的英勇行为值得称赞。(值得,应受)
His brave act is deserving of praise.The man deserves to be punished.他这个人是罪有应得。(应受到)
The man deserves punishing
The man deserves punishment.He is deserves well of his boss.他应该受到老板的善待。(应该受到某人。。)27.delighted adj.高兴的,愉快的,快乐的=pleased =happy.delight n.高兴
28.shame n.羞耻,惭愧 29.record n.记录
v.记录 30.team n.团队
31.design n.设计
v.设计
designer n.设计师 32.feature n.专题特写
33.complain v.抱怨,埋怨
complaint n.抱怨
complain of sth.抱怨某事 34.committee n.委员会
35.prize n.奖,奖品,奖金
=award
Nobel prize 诺贝尔奖
first prize 一等奖
prize winner 得奖者
【语法】
1.soon after 不久之后,稍后
2.hold v.举办,拿着,容纳,掌控
hold a meeting =have a meeting(have没有被动)3.at the meeting 在会议上
4.vote for 投票选出
vote against 投票反对 5.elect sb.to do 选某人为。。
be elected to do 被选为。。
6.secretary of the Reading Club 阅读协会秘书
chief editor of her class 他们班级的主编 7.take notes 记笔记
8.the others 其他的人 some ….the others …一些。。剩下的 9.be responsible for 对。。负责
responsibility n.责任 10.for example, such as 区别 11.spend, cost, take, pay 区别
12.have different ideas 意见不一
difference 不同之处(可数)13.arrange to do sth.安排做某事
arrange for …安排某人,某物
14.in one’s week’s time =in a /one week
15.情态动词should /ought to 表示应该,否定形式为should not / ought not to 常与think 连用。16.宾语从句
if 与whether 的区别
whether or not连在一起时,不可用if 替代whether e.j.I don’t know whether or not they will come for our help.在介词后面只能用whether,不能用if.e.j.This depends on whether we are determined to do it.在动词不定式之前,只能用whether,不能用if
He doesn’t know whether to stay or not.She doesn’t know whether to get married or wait.在及物动词discuss 后的宾语从句中,只能用whether 不能用if e.j.We discussed whether we should make a change in our plan.从句变成简单句:
a.当主句的谓语动词是find, see, watch, hear 等感官动词时,从句简化为“宾语+宾补”结构,宾补为不带to 的不定式或doing 形式。
She found that the wallet lay / was laying on the ground.She found that the wallet lie/ laying on the ground.b.当主句谓语动词是hope, wish, decide, forget, plan, agree 等,且主句主语与从句主语相同时,从句可以简化为不定式。
She agreed that she could help me with my maths.She agreed to help me with my maths.c.在连接代词/副词引导的宾语从句中,当从句主语与主句主语或间接宾语一致时,宾语从句可简化为“连接代词/副词+不定式”的结构。Can you tell me how I can get to the station.Can you tell me how to get to the station.8年级B U5 【词汇】
1.sight n.视力,视觉
see –saw-seen 2.soul n.灵魂
soul mate 灵魂伴侣
3.balance n.平衡能力
unbalance n.失去平衡,紊乱
keep balance
keep one’s balance / lose one’s balance
4.line n.线条
a straight line 直线
a wavy line 波浪线
a dotted line 虚线
horizortal line 水平线
vertical line 垂直线
parallel line平行线 5.belong to 属于
(用于一般时与进行时)
6.drama n.戏剧,戏剧性的事件
dramatic adj.戏剧性的dramatically adv.戏剧性地 7.as soon as 一。。就。。
8.reception n.接待处
receptionist n.前台接待员
receipt v.接受 9.exclaim v.惊叫,呼喊
exclamation n.惊叹 10.bark v.吠叫
11.at once =immediately =right away =without delay
12.guest n.房客,旅客
host n.主人 hostess n.女主人
13.lead v.带路,引领
leader n.领导
leading 引导
follow v.服从,跟从 14.personally adv.本人,亲自 person n.人
personal adj.私人的
15.sensible adj.明智的,理智的 sense n.感官 wise 明智
sensibility n.敏感度
be sensible of 发觉,察觉
16.describe v.描述
description n.描述
describe …as 描述为
Tom describe himself as a doctor 17.alarm n.警报器
18.fire alarm 火警报警器
19.go off 突然发出巨响
put off, take off, see off, get off, set off 区别
20.surface n.表面
below the surface 深入,实际上
come to the surface 显露出来
on the surface 表面上,外表上
21.dead adj.不运作的,死的,过去的,不流行的die(died, died)v.死
death n.死亡 22.cough v.咳嗽
have a cough 患咳疾 23.seem v.好像,似乎
seem to do sth.24.wave v.挥手,招手
n.波浪[C] wave to …向。。挥手
wavy adj.弯曲的 25.save one’s life 救了某人的性命
save v.safe adj.safely adv.safety n.26.lend v.借出,借给
borrow v.借入
borrow …from 从。。借入 lend …to 27.event n.事件 [C] 28.take care v.小心 +doing sth.29.mind v.小心+doing sth.30.look out 小心+doing sth.31.watch out +doing sth.32.label n.标签,公司,品牌 33.harbour n.港口,港湾
【语法】
1.blind adj.盲的blindness n.失明 2.trouble n.困难,麻烦[C] 3.allow v.允许
allow sb.to do sth.允许某人做某事
allowance n.津贴,零花钱
allowable adj.允许的 4.welcome n.欢迎
warm welcome 热烈欢迎 5.take sb.to sp.带某人去某地
6.反问句:提出建议,发出邀请,表示怀疑 7.感官动词+adj.系动词:be/ 持续keep rest, remain stay, lie, stand/ 表像seem, appear, look /五官/ 变化become, get, turn, grow, fall, go, come ,run /结果prove, turn out
8.agree v.同意 agree to do sth./ agree with sb.disagree v.不同意
agreement n.协议 9.enter v.进入=get into / come into entrance n.入口
exit n.出口 10.fire exit 安全出口
11.location n.位置
locate v.坐落于
be location in/ on
12.in one’s own words 用某人自己的话说
have a word with 与某人达成一致
in other words 换句话说
you have my word =I promise word for word 逐字 keep one’s word 信守诺言
13.asleep adj.睡着的 sleepy adj.困的
14.pull 拉
push v.推
15.open v.打开
adj.开着的close v.关
adj.亲密的,紧密的 closed 关着的 16.try to do sth.努力做某事
try doing sth.尝试做某事 17.lie on 躺在。。上
lie lied lied 说谎
lie lay lain 躺
lay laid laid 下蛋 18.against rules 违反规则
against for freedom 为自由而战 19.life n.生活[U] 生命[C] 20.时间状语从句
连接词:when, while, as, once, till, until, by the time, as soon as, the moment, since, before, after
when, while, as 均表示“当。。的时候”
when 强调“特定时间”,表示主句谓语动词的动作与从句谓语动词的动作是同时发生,或从句的动作发生在主句的动作之前;while 表示的时间一段,而不是一点;as多用于口语中,强调“同一时间”或“一前一后”,有时还有“随着”的含义。I’ll go on with work when I come back tomorrow.When he was eating his breakfast, he heard the doorbell ring.(强调吃饭的时候)While he was eating his breakfast, he heard the doorbell ring.(强调吃饭过程中)While I was study, you fell asleep.Just as he was speaking, there was a loud explosion.As I was going out, it begins to rain.(强调动作先后发生)As spring warms the good earth, all flowers begin to bloom.(as有随着的含义)till/ until 表示“一直到。。”,主从句都用肯定式;表示“直到。。才”主句否定,从句肯定。He worked until it was dark.He did not get up till his mother came in.once “一旦”,by the time “到。。时”
Once you see her, you will find what I said is true.Once it is published, this book will be very popular.By the time he arrives, we will already have left here.By the time he arrived, we had already left here.as soon as, the moment 表示从句动作一发生,主句动作随即发生,通常译为“一。。就” As soon as I finish the work , I will go to see you.I shall come as soon as I’ve finished my supper.She came to the scene the moment she heard the news.since “自从”,before “在。。前”,after “在。。之后”,it was not long before “不久” Since he graduated, he has worked in this city.I haven’t seen him since last year.He handed in his paper before the bell ring.It was not long before he came back.I wrote back to him three days after I got his letter.8年级B U6 【词汇】
1.defeat v.击败
defeat sb.win +a prize/ match/ competition 2.wine n.葡萄酒
3.adult n.成年人
grow-up成人
child= kid 小孩
childhood 童年 4.France n.法国
French adj.n.法国的,法语 5.now that 既然,由于=as, since, for, because
6.abroad adv.在国外 =oversea
go abroad 去国外
aboard 在船上 7.Paris n.巴黎
8.destination n.目的地,终点 9.world-famous adj.举世闻名的 10.landmark n.地标
11.such as 例如+名词
for example +句子 12.tree-lined adj.绿树成行的,绿树成荫的 13.attraction n.有吸引力的事或物
14.go on to do sth.接着做另一件事
go on doing sth.接着做,没区分做哪件
15.enable v.使能够,使有机会
able adj.有能力的ability n.能力
unable adj.不能
be able to do sth.enable sb.to do sth.使某人做某事
make sb.able to do sth.16.agricultural adj.农业的agriculture n.农业
17.region n.地区,区域,地方
regional adj.地方的 18.wheat n.小麦
corn n.谷物
rice n.大米,稻子 19.sunflower n.向日葵 20.vineyard n.葡萄园
21.excellent adj.极好的,优秀的excellence n.优秀 22.scenic adj.风景优美的 23.castle n.城堡
24.queen n.女王,王后
king 国王
prince 王子
princess 公主 25.influence n.影响
=effect
have an influence/ effect on sth.26.in some ways 在某些方面
in a way 在某个方面 27.French adj.n.法国的,法语
Frenchman 法国人 28.cheese n.干酪,奶酪
29.leader n.领导者
lead v.领导(led, led)
lead to do sth.leadership n.领导
leading adj.30.culture n.文化
cultural adj.文化的
31.further v.鸡血,使进一步
far, further, furthest 32.concert n.音乐会,演奏会
33.throughout prep.遍及,各处
throughout the world =all over the world 34.level n.楼层,层面,水平
【语法】
1.funny adj.滑稽的,可笑的fun n.乐趣
have some fun 2.produce v.生产
product n.产品
producer n.制作人 3.mean v.意思是,是;打算
mean to do sth.n.方式,小气
means n.手段
meaning n.含义,意义
4.try to do sth.努力做
try doing sth.尝试做
try one’s best to do 尽某人最大努力
have a try 尝试下
5.happen to sb.某人身上发生
happen to do sth.碰巧发生 6.think about doing =think of 7.go on holiday 去度假
go for a holiday
go abroad for holiday 去国外度假 8.spread one’s wings 起飞 9.the same as 与。。相似
be different from 与。。不同 the same that 同一个 10.on channel V 在V频道
11.organize v.组织
organization n.组织
第四篇:2016—2017学年初一英语第七单元知识难点(各版本)(模版)
2016—2017学年初一英语第七单元知识难
点(各版本)
gt;gt;gt;外研版
Mypastlife1.my/myparents’/sb’spastlife某人的过去生活外研版初一英语unit7词汇知识点
gt;gt;gt;鲁教版
1、来吃个派 come and have a pie(翻译时注意动词是几个)去打乒乓球 ____and_____the_____ ____鲁教版七年级英语unit7知识点巩固
gt;gt;gt;牛津版
一、---Do you like shopping, Eddie?你喜欢购物吗,埃迪?---No,I hate it.不喜欢。我讨厌购物牛津版初一上册英语复习知识点:Unit 7 Shopping gt;gt;gt;练习题
鲁教版七年级英语unit7同步练习
仁爱湘教版初一英语随堂练习:unit7 七年级上英语课堂训练unit7 想要更好的学习英语首先要做的就是理解运用课本中的知识,因此为同学们整理了初一英语第七单元知识难点,希望大家可以更快更好的提高成绩。
第五篇:初一英语知识点总结
对于刚上初一的同学来说,英语基础知识常有“剪不断,理还乱”的感觉。整体来说,在初中的英语学习中,会涉及很多很细小的知识点。很多同学会因为疏忽而常常犯错误,需要提醒的一点是这些细小的英语知识点往往就是中考的考点。所以,我们将初一英语上册所学的基础知识作如下梳理:
一、48个国际音标及26个英文字母的正确书写
要熟练掌握元音和辅音,5个元音字母(a, e, i, o, u),字母的正确占格及单词间距。
二、be动词的用法
be动词有三种变形,分别是:am, is, are。记忆口诀:
“我”用am, “你”用are, is用于“他、她、它”;单数全都用is,复数全部都用are。
三、人称及人称代词的不同形式(主格和宾格)
1、三种人称:第一人称(I, we),第二人称(you, you),第三人称(he, she, it, Maria)。
2、人称代词的主格,即人称代词位于句子主语位置时的形态:I, We, You, You, He, She, It, Maria。
3、人称代词的宾格,即人称代词位于句子宾语位置时的形态:me, us, you, you, him, her, it。
4、形容词性物主代词:my, our, your, your, his, her, its, their。
5、名词性物主代词:mine, ours, yours, yours, his, hers, its, theirs。
6、反身代词:myself, ourselves, yourself, yourselves, himself, herself, itself, themselves。
四、基数词(表示数量多少的词,大致相当于代数里的自然数)
zero, one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten, eleven, twelve, thirteen, fourteen, fifteen, sixteen, seventeen, eighteen, nineteen, twenty, twenty-one, twenty-two, twenty-three,twenty-four, twenty-five, twenty-six, twenty-seven, twenty-eight, twenty-nine, thirty, forty, fifty, sixty,seventy, eighty, ninety, one hundred,one hundred and one。五、一般疑问句及特殊疑问句
1、一般疑问句:能用Yes或No来回答的问句。一般疑问句句尾读升调。
2、特殊疑问句:不能用Yes或No来回答的问句。特殊疑问句句尾读降调。
六、可数名词变复数
可数名词变复数时,有规则变化和不规则变化两种。
1、规则变化:
1)一般情况直接在词尾加“-s ”,如:cake-cakes, bag-bags, day-days, face-faces, orange-oranges等;
2)以s, x, sh, ch结尾的词,要在词尾加“-es ”,如:bus-buses, watch-watches, box-boxes等;
3)以辅音字母加y结尾的词,变y为i再加“-es ”,如:baby-babies, country-countries, family-families等;
4)部分以f(e)结尾的词,变f(e)为“ves ”,如:knife-knives, half-halves等;
5)以o结尾的词,加“-s ”或“-es ”,如:zoo-zoos, photo-photos, tomato-tomatoes, potato-potatoes等。记忆口诀:除了“英雄”hero外,凡是能吃的,加“-es ”,不能吃的加“-s ”。
2、不规则变化:
1)改变单数名词中的元音字母:man-men, woman-women, foot-feet, tooth-teeth等; 2)单、复同形:sheep-sheep, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese等; 3)其他形式:mouse-mice, child-children等。
3、可数名词和不可数名词
A.数的区别:可数名词有单、复数,其复数形式一般是在其后加上-(e)s。不可数名词只有单数形式,而没有复数的变化。
B.量的表达区别:可数名词前可用a(n)及数词来表示其量,也可借助于其它的可数名词,用of介词来表示其量,此时,表示量的可数名词有单、复数变化,表示事物的可数名词本身则必须用复数。不可数名词前则不可用a(n)及数词来表示其量,只可借助于其它可数名词,表示量的可数名词有单、复数的变化,不可数名词没有数的变化。
C.修饰词的差异:可数名词和不可数名词前都可用some, any来修饰,表示“一些”之意,而表示“很多”之意时,可数名词(复数形式)前应用many或a lot of;不可数名词(只可用单数形式)前应用much 或a lot of。询问可数名词的量用how many, 而询问不可数名词的量则应用how much。
七、简单句的成分及主谓一致原则
最基本构成:主语+谓语+宾语,其中谓语由动词来充当。主谓一致原则,就是句子的谓语要始终与主语保持数量上的一致性。当主语是第三人称单数(简称“三单”)时,谓语动词也要相应变成单数形式;当主语非“三单”时,谓语动词就用原形。实意动词变“三单”的规则如下:
1)一般动词在词尾加“-s ”,如:like-likes, tell-tells, play-plays等;
2)以字母s, x,ch, sh结尾的动词加“-es ”,如:guess-guesses, teach-teaches, watch-watches等;
3)以o结尾的动词一般加“-es ”,如:do-does, go-goes等;
4)以辅音字母加y结尾的动词,先变y为i,再加“-而是”,如:fly-flies, carry-carries等;5)have的三单形式是has。
八、冠词的用法(名词前面必须要有冠词)
冠词分为定冠词(the)和不定冠词(a, an)两种。
a(n)为不定冠词,它常用在单数可数名词前,表示不确定的人或事物。a用在以辅音音素开头的词、数字、字母、符号等前;an用在以元音音素开头的词前。the为定冠词,可用在单数可数名词、不可数名词或复数可数名词前表示确定的人或事物。不定冠词a, an与基数词one的区别是:
不定冠词不是刻意强调“数量”,而基数词则强调“数量”。
九、助动词(do, does)的用法
只有实意动词作谓语时才涉及使用助动词。以like为例:
1)当句子为肯定句时不涉及使用助动词,只涉及“主谓一致”原则。eg : I like English a lot.Michael likes Chinese food very much.2)当句子为否定句时,要根据主语的人称来决定使用相应的助动词:当主语为“三单”时,要使用does;当主语为“非三单”时,用助动词原形do。例如把下列句子变否定句: Kangkang likes math.----Kangkang doesn't like math.They like sports.------They don't like sports.3)当句子变疑问句时,同样要根据句子的主语来决定在句首使用Do或Does.例如下列句子变问句:
Michael likes Chinese Food.----Does Michael like Chinese food? Yes, he does./ No, he doesn't.Jane and Helen like music.----Do Jand and Helen like music?
Yes, they do./ No, they don't.十、名词所有格
注意名词所有格的用法。有生命事物名词的所有格应在其后加上's。方法:
A.单数名词在其后直接加's。
B.以-s结尾的复数名词,在其后加上’, 而不可加's。C.以非s结尾的复数名词,需在其后加上's。
D.表示两个或两个以上的人共有某个人或某个事物时,只需将最后一个名词变为所有格,前面的各个名词无需变为所有格。
E.表示两个或两个以上的人分别有某人或某物时,各个名词均需变为所有格形式。注意:表示无生命事物的名词一般应用of介词短语来构成其所有格。例如:
1、Kangkang's books;Tom and Helen's desk;Ann's and Maria's bikes;
2、用of表示“......的”,但要从of后往of前翻译:a book of mine(我的一本书)
3、have与of的区别:
have一般表示“主动拥有”,往往用于有生命的人或动物;无生命的物体一般不能“主动拥有”,表示所属关系时要用of。例如:
I have a new bike.She has two big eyes.a door of the house
十一、课本中的知识点
1、Unit 1 ——Unit 2 1)问候语:
Good morning/ afternoon/ evening.How are you?---Just OK, thank you.How are you?---Not bad, thanks.Hi!Hello!
How do you do? 2)道别用语:
Nice/ Glad to meet/ see you.(meet用于初次见面,see用于熟人间)Nice to meet/ see you, too.Goodbye.Byebye.Bye.See you(later/ tomorrow/ next time)!So long!Good night!3)介绍人或者物的句型:This is...4)Excuse me.与I'm sorry.的区别:
Excuse me.是要引起对方的注意,而I'm sorry.则是向对方道歉。5)词组be from = come from in English
5)当问句中问到this/ that时,回答要用it;问到these/ those时,要用they来回答。例如: What's this in English?----It's an eraser.What are those?----They are books.6)对Thanks.的回答:That's OK./ You're welcome./ My pleasur.7)look the same = have the same looks give sth.to sb.= give sb.sth.be like = look like
in the tree/ on the tree(树上结的、长出来的用on,否则用in)in red(穿着红色的衣服)
in the desk(在空间范围之内)in English(用英语)help sb.do sth.8)both与all的区别:
both表示“两者都......”;all表示“三者及以上都......”。
十二、2、Unit 3——Unit 4 1)speak的用法
speak与say不同:speak表示“说”的动作,不表示“说”的内容;say则表示“说”的内容。speak后面除了能接“语言”外,不能直接接东西,后面加了to则表示“对......说”。help sb.with sth.(帮助某人做/补习......)want to do sth.(想要做某事)would like to do sth.not...at all(一点都不);Not at all.(没关系/别介意)like...a lot = like...very much 2)some和any的区别:
口诀:some用于肯定句,否定、疑问变any。例如: I have some money.I don't have any money.Do you have any money?
3)have a seat = take a seat(请随便坐)4)祈使句(表示命令或请求的句子)
祈使句一般都省略了主语You,所以其否定句直接用Don't开头。例如: Don't go there!5)问职业:
What does sb.do? What is sb.? What's sb.'s job?
6)work与job的区别:
work是未必有报酬的“工作”,例如homework, housework;而job则一定是有报酬的“工作”。7)on指在物体的表面,不论这个面是否水平的,例如: on the desk/ wall/ farm/ playground 8)in hospital(住院);in the hospital(在医院里)look after(照料/照顾/照看)help oneself(请自便/随便吃)
9)表示“建议”的句型:“做某事如何?” What about(doing)sth.?(英式英语)How about(doing)sth.?(美式英语)Why don't you do sth.? = Why not do sth.?
10)“吃”一日三餐要用have:have breakfast/ lunch/ supper have...for breakfast/ lunch/ supper take one's order be kind to sb.11)try on这个词组可合可分:名词可以放在这个词组的中间或后面,但代词只能放在词组的中间。
12)在口语中往往用take表示“买”。13)how many与how much的区别:
how many + 可数名词;how much + 不可数名词
14)What do you think of...? 是询问对方对某事物的看法; How do you like...? 是问对方对某事物喜欢的程度。think about(考虑)
Thank you all the same.(即使对方没能帮上忙,也要礼貌道谢)Thanks.= Thank you.(thank作为动词,不能单独使用。)15)one与it的区别:
当上下文说的是同一种类事物时,任意一个可以用one来代替;如果上下文所说的是同一个事物时则用it。例如: Ann :I have a yellow bag.Jane :I have a green one.Tom : Hey, Mike.Where is your bike? Mike : Look, it's over there.16)倒装句 Here you are.Here it is.17)be free(有空/免费)
forget to do sth.(忘了去做某事)forget doing sth.(忘了做过某事)
What's up? = What's wrong with...? = What's the matter with...? 18)go + v.-ing结构的含义:为了实现某目的才去的。例如: go fishing/ boating/ swimming/ shopping等
19)have to do sth.(非主观因素,强调客观因素,“不得不去做某事”)must 则表示主观愿望 20)fly a kite = fly kites be free = have time 21)时间的表述
当分针所指的时间大于0分、小于等于30分钟时,用“分钟”past“小时”。例如: 8:23——twenty-three past eight
当分针所指的时间大于30分钟、小于60分钟时,用“剩余的时间”to“下一个整点”。例如: 8:49——eleven to nine
当然,还可以直接按照小时、分钟去读出时间,例如: 8:23——eight twenty-three;8:49——eight forty-nine
整点则在数词后加“-o'clock”,例如:8:00——eight o'clock 在钟点前介词要用at.22)句型“该干某事了。”:It's time to do sth.= It's time for sth.例如:该吃午饭了.It's time to have lunch.= It's time for lunch.23)注意同义词或形近词的辨析
a, an和one;no和not;excuse me和sorry;it's和its;who和what;look like和look the same;let's和let us;good, nice;fine, well和all right;look和look at;see和watch;and和or;family, house和home;with和and;what, which和who;one和it;whose和who's;put on, wear和in;other和else;say, speak, talk和tell;get和get to等。24)反义词、同义词、同音词 反义词/对应词
yes-no morning-afternoon on-under plus-minus student-teacher open-close this-that new-old young-old these-those same-different black-white woman-man sit down-stand up light-dark boy-girl down-up light-heavy here-there after-before short-tall father-mother go-come right-wrong brother-sister ask-answer big-small child-parent take-bring aunt-uncle husband-wife dad-mum son-daughter
同音词
two-too-to his-he’s our-hour are-r there-their why-y no-know where-wear
同义词/近义词
be in=at home mr-mister hi-hello look-see fine-well desk-table 初一英语易错点总结
[第一类] 名词类
1.这些女老师们在干什么?
[误] What are the woman teachers doing?
[正] What are the women teachers doing?
[析] 在英语中,当一名词作定语修饰另一名词(单或复数形式)时,作定语的名词一般要用其单数形式;但当man,woman作定语修饰可数名词复数形式时,要用其复数形式men,women.2.房间里有多少人?
[误] How many peoples are there in the room?
[正] How many people are there in the room?
[析] people作“人、人们”解时,是个集合名词,其单复数同形。
3.我想为我儿子买两瓶牛奶。
[误] I want to buy two bottle of milk for my son.[正] I want to buy two bottles of milk for my son.[析] 表示不可数名词的数量时,常用“a / an或数词 +表量的可数名词 + of + 不可数名词”这一结构,其中当数词大于1时,表量的可数名词要用其复数形式。
[第二类] 动词类
4.你妹妹通常什么时候去上学?
[误] What time does your sister usually goes to school?
[正] What time does your sister usually go to school?
[析] 借助助动词do(或does)构成疑问句或否定句时,句中的谓语动词用其原形。
5.琳达晚上经常做作业,但今晚她在看电视。
[误] Linda often do her homework in the evening,but this evening she watching TV.[正] Linda often does her homework in the evening,but this evening she is watching TV.[析] 在初一英语学习阶段,我们接触到了两种主要时态:一般现在时和现在进行时。一般现在时表示经常的或习惯性的动作,常和often,usually,sometimes 等时间状语连用。在一般现在时的句子中,若主语是第三人称单数,谓语动词要用其第三人称单数形式。现在进行时表示现阶段正在进行或发生的动作,现在进行时由be(am / is / are)+ ving形式构成。
这双鞋是红色的。
[误] This pair of shoes are red.[正] This pair of shoes is red.[析] 在shoes,trousers,gloves,glasses等表示成双成对的衣物或工具名词前用pair(表计量)修饰时,谓语动词的形式由pair的单复数形式来决定。[第三类] 代词类
7.这张票是她的,不是我的。
[误] This is hers ticket.It’s not my.[正] This is her ticket.It’s not mine.[析] 物主代词有形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词之分。形容词性物主代词之后一定要接名词,而名词性物主代词之后不需接任何词。
8.吴老师教我们英语。
[误] Miss Wu teaches our English.[正] Miss Wu teaches us English.[析] teach sb.sth.中的sb.作teach的宾语,因此当sb.为人称代词时要用其宾格形式。[第四类] 介词类
9.你能找到这个问题的答案吗?
[误] Can you find the answer of this question?
[正] Can you find the answer to this question?
[析] 英语中用“the answer to …”表示“……的答案”。类似结构还有the key to the door,the way to the zoo等。
10.格林先生星期六上午来这里。
[误] Mr Green will come here in Sunday evening.[正] Mr Green will come here on Sunday evening.[析] 表示在上午、下午等时,介词要用in;而表示在具体的某天上午、下午时,介词要用on.11.那个穿着红裙子的小女孩是我们老师的女儿。
[误] That little girl on a red skirt is our teacher’s daughter.[正] That little girl in a red skirt is our teacher’s daughter.[析] 用介词表示“穿戴衣物”时,只能用in,其他介词没有此用法。
[第五类] 副词类
12.莉莉,你为什么不回家呢?
[误] Lily,why don’t you go to home?
[正] Lily,why don’t you go home?
[析] come,go 等后接here,there,home等地点副词时,地点副词前不加to。
[第六类] 连词类
13.我喜欢语文和英语,但我不喜欢体育和历史。
[误] I like Chinese and English,but I don’t like P.E.and history.[正] I like Chinese and English,but I don’t like P.E.or history.[析] 在肯定句中并列成分之间用and来连接;而在否定句中,并列成分之间的连接需用or。
[第七类] 冠词类
14.乘飞机去北京花了史密斯一家人一个小时。
[误] It takes Smiths a hour to go to Beijing by a plane.[正] It takes the Smiths an hour to go to Beijing by plane.[析] 1.表示“……一家人”用结构“the + 姓氏复数”;
2.our 一词的第一个字母不发音,它是以元音音素开头的,所以“一小时”要用 an hour;
3.用介词by表示“乘坐”某种交通工具时,交通工具名词前不加任何冠词。
[第八类] 句法类
15.――你不是学生吗? ――不,我是学生。
[误] ――Aren’t you a student? ――No,I am.[正] ――Aren’t you a student? ――Yes,I am.[析] 对否定疑问句的回答是用Yes还是用No,这取决于实际情况:如果事实是肯定的,就用Yes表“不”;如果事实是否定的,就用No表“是的”。