第一篇：2014年综合类职称英语A级考试全真模拟题二
中华会计网校&职业培训教育网联合推出
2014年综合类类职称英语A级考试全真模拟题二（2）
2014年职称英语考试时间为2014年3月29日，考生们在备考的过程中切记要结合模拟题来练习，使自己的复习更加有效。
第2部分：阅读判断
阅读下面这篇短文，短文后列出7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断。如果该句提供的是正确信息，请在答题卡上把A涂黑;如果该句提供的是错误信息，请在答题卡上把B涂黑;如果该句的信息文章中没有提及，请在答题卡上把c涂黑
16、根据短文内容，对16-23做出判断 Principles of Governing Persuasion
If leadership consists of getting thing done through others, then persuasion is one of theleader's essential tools.Many executives have assumed that this tool is beyond their grasp, available only to the charismatic(有魅力的)and the eloquent.Over the past several decades, though, experimental psychologists have learned which methods reliably lead people to concede, comply, or change.Their research shows that persuasion is governed by several principles that can be taught and applied.The first principle is that people are more likely to follow someone who is similar to them than someone who is not.Wise managers, then, ask peers to help make their cases.Second, people are more willing to cooperate with those who are not only like them but who like them, as well.So it's worth the time to uncover real similarities and offer genuine praise.Third, experiments confirm the intuitive truth that people tend to treat you the way you treat them.It's sound policy to do a favor before seeking one.Fourth, individuals are more likely to keep promises they make voluntarily and clearly.The message for managers here is to get commitments in writing.Fifth, studies show that people really do defer to(服从)experts.So before they attempt to exert influence, executives should take pains to establish their own expertise and not assume that it's self-evident.Finally, people want more of a commodity when it's scarce;it follows, then, that exclusive information is more persuasive than widely available data.Experiments have confirmed the assumption of many executives._____________________________________________________________________
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中华会计网校&职业培训教育网联合推出
A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned
17、People are more likely to cooperate with those who like them.A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned
18、Managers do not employ those who are quite different from them.A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned
19、There is no need for a manager to find out the merits of his employees.A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned
20、Experiments have shown that, contrary to our expectation, people tend to treat you the way you treat them.A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned
21、There are as many wise managers as there are stupid ones.A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned
22、Exclusive information is more persuasive than widely known data.A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned
_____________________________________________________________________
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第二篇：职称英语等级考试综合类A级模拟题答案与解析（推荐）
2011年全国职称英语等级考试综合类A级冲刺模拟题答案与解析
1.A put across在这个句子中意为：解释，说明，传达，可由explained替换。invent意为：发明；consider意为：考虑；accept意为：接受。句意：协会的代表非常有力地阐述了她的论点。
2.C tender 意为：温柔的，亲切的，与kind意思相近，C为正确答案。heavy意为：沉重的；strong意为：坚强的，强壮的；wild意为：野生的，狂热的。句意：他口头严厉但心地很善良。
3.C debate意为：争论，辩论，与discuss意思相近。make意为：制作，制造；take意为：拿，取，抓；expect意为：期待，盼望。句意：争论这项措施带来的相关好处是没有用的。
4.C consume常见的意思是：消耗，消费。四个选项中只有C(use)意思与它相近，可以互换。waste意为：浪费；buy意为：购买；sell意为：卖。句意：数据表明，我们能生产出来的东西都被我们消耗了。
5.D capacity常见的有两种意思：1，才能，能力；2，容量，生产量，在这里是第二种意思，句意：燃料水糟的容量是140公升。function意为：功能；ability意为：能力；power意为：力量；volume有“卷，册”的意思，但它也可做“容量”讲，D为正确答案。
6.D intimately意为：密切地，与closely意思相近，D为正确答案。tensely意为：紧张地，拉紧；nearly意为：几乎；carefully意为：小心地。句意：我们的生命和他们的紧紧联系在一起。
7.A upheld是动词uphold的过去式，意为：支持，赞成，选项A，support也有支持，支撑的意思，为正确答案。excited也是一个形容词，意为：兴奋的，做动词时，excite意为：使兴奋，使激动；inspired本身就是形容词，意为：有灵感的,它的动词形式，inspire意为：鼓舞，使得到灵感；direct做动词时意为：指引，指示，做形容词时意为：径直的，直接的。句意：她的信念支撑她度过痛苦时光。
8.D concise, 形容词，意为：简明的，简练的；与选项中的D，brief意思相近，在句子中可互换。clean意为：清洁的，干净的；perfect意为：完美的；real意为：真的，真实的。句意：这本书对这个国家的历史做了一个简要的分析。
9.C 这里的laid down是短语lay down的被动式，它常用的意思有：放下，放弃，在这个句子中意为：陈述，写下，可与stated互换。句意：条约里规定所有的成员都必须一直将自己的会员证带在身边。suggest意为：建议，提出，暗示；warn意为：警告；confirm意为：确定，确认，批准。
10.C terminate意为：停止，结束，终止，与选项中C，end意思相同。began是begin的过去式，意为：开始；continue意为：继续，延伸；resume做动词时：再继续，重新开始，恢复，做名词时意为：摘要，简历。句意：委员会议2点钟结束。
11.A token做形容词时意为：象征的，表意的，做名词时意为：表示，象征；在这个句子中可与选项A互换。substitute意为：代用品，代替者，替代品；proof意为：证据，证明；target意为：目标，对象。句意：那儿放了一面红旗作为危险的象征。
12.A unwilling意思是“不情愿的，勉强的”。句意：不管情况多么糟糕，大多数人仍不愿意冒险去改变。reluctant有“勉强的，不愿意的”意思，A为正确答案。eager意为：热心于，渴望着；pleased意为：高兴的，满足的；angry意为：愤怒的。
13.B regulate意为：控制，调节，规定，它的名词形式是：regulation(规则，规章)，control意为：控制，管理，在这个句子中可与regulate互换。limit意为：限制，限定；replace意为：取代，替换；offset意为：弥补，抵消。句意：据说，法案并不仅是对旧有的行动计划进行了调节或扩展，还提供了新的方案。
14.B-
句意：希望秘书能够调查一下人们对于这个地区战后重建的想法。explore在这个句子中意思是：调查，研究，与investigate意思相似，B为正确答案。deny意为：否认，拒绝；stress意为：着重，强调；create意为：创造，创作，造成。
15.A 句意：码头工人劳动力价格的稳步增长，极大地提高了从水路运货的成本。steadily意为：稳定地，有规则地，在这个句子中可用gradually来替代,都用来表示事物渐渐发生的改变。suddenly意为：突然地；excessively意为：过分地，非常地。
16.A 题目：亚利桑那州的凤凰城夏天气候热而干燥。第一段提到这座城市，原句说如果你喜欢干燥火热的夏天，就去凤凰城。说明这座城市符合题目中的特点，所以题目正确。
17.C 题目：阿拉斯加的费尔班克斯有世界上最冷的天气。第一段提到这座城市，原句说如果你喜欢低温天气，就去费尔班克斯。但没有说是否为最冷的。所以题目未提及。
18.A 题目：纽约的气候和巴黎的气候不一样。第一段倒数第二句说“世上没有任何两个地方的气候是完全一样的”。题目与原文一致，正确。
19.A 题目：在海拔低的人会比在海拔高的人感到更暖和。第二段提到了altitude海拔，原句说一个在高海拔的城市会比低海拔城市更冷，由此反过来说也成立，所以题目正确。
20.A 题目：气候受自然和人为因素结合的影响，而不是单纯受一种因素影响。第二段和第三段都提到了气候变化的原因，第二段第一句说自然界的很多事情都影响气候，第三段最后几句说人类活动也影响气候变化。由此可知题目与原文意思相符合，正确。
21.B 题目：科学家们已经知道恐龙数百亿年前灭绝的原因了。第三段第三句提到恐龙，他们认为恐龙死于这种改变（气候改变），但文中说的是科学家们认为，而不是确定。可知还不知道确切原因是什么，所以题目不正确。
22.C 题目：人类活动是气候改变的主要原因，因为人类污染了空气并且砍伐森林。最后一段提到了human activity。原句说人类活动是气候改变的另一个原因，并没有说是主要原因。所以题目未提及。
23.F 第1句提到了A(自愿学习)和F(成人教育的定义)的内容，本句中的be called(被称为)，说明前面的内容是后面adult education的定义，而A选项与原文相比缺少的是mature men and women(成年人)，所以不能概括本段大意，因此正确答案为F。本段第1句给出成人教育的定义，余下的内容都在围绕这个定义叙述，进一步阐述成人教育的目的等等。
24.C 第1句提到选项C的内容，所以正确答案为C。该段主要介绍Modern adult education(现代成人教育)兴起时间，引发的一系列变化导致再教育需求的产生。
25.D 本段第1句提到了选项D的内容，第2句又重复提到，所以D就为本题正确答案。本段的两句话分别介绍the earliest programs和the earliest adult education institution。
26.B 第5段第1句提到continued learning，选项B与此完全吻合，所以为正确答案。首句即中心句，强调continued learning的重要性，尤其是面对各行各业的工作。Adult education programs正因此而生。
27.B 题干中的固定用法：encourage sb to do sth.鼓励某人做某事。所以该空白处应填动词原形, 只能从AB中选择，因为题目中有generally speaking(一般而言)，那么肯定是成人教育的基本目的，第1句对成人教育做了一个定义，就提到选项B的内容，也就是B选项代表了成人教育的定义。A项在本段最后一句出现，是成人学习目的的一部分，更具体。所以B更符合题意。一般而言，成人教育鼓励成年男性和女性主动学习课程。
28.E 划定题干关键词collectively，根据关键词回归到第2段，本段只有两句话，而这两句话结构相似。This kind of education may be in the form of self-study...It may also be acquired collectively...从句子结构可知，这种教育可以in the form of self-study，也可以be acquired collectively，正好吻合题干中or前后的内容，E项是原文be in the form of self-study的改写，跟在动词acquire后面，表自学获得。所以正确答案为E。本段叙述成人教育可以通过自学也可以通过集体学习来达到教育目的。
29.C 横线前witness(见证、亲眼看见)是及物动词，后接宾语，所以答案锁定在名词词组C和D，根据题干关键词modern adult education回归到原文第3段第1句，这一句虽然找不到答案，但下一句“Great economic and social changes were taking place(发生)”，选项C与此完全吻合，说明这就是正确答案。现代成人教育见证了经济和社会的巨大变化。
30.D 横线前有介词of，那么横前处应该填入名词或动名词或代词，选项C和D符合这个条件，meet the need of意思是满足......的需求，这个短语在文章最后一句出现“Adult education programs are springing up constantly to meet these and other needs.”。与题干几乎完全一致，解题需要理解原文中的these指代什么内容。答案肯定在本段，浏览第5段，发现前2句都出现learning，所以可以确定答案为D。第1句为中心句：人们意识到continued learning的重要性。所以对adult education programs需求度日益增高。
31.B 题目问：第一段中的practically可以被以下什么代替？通过查词典得知，practically意思是几乎、事实上，certainly当然，nearly几乎，actively活跃地，voluntarily自愿地。选项中B与目标词意思最接近，所以B为正确答案。文章第1句话“《纽约时报》最近报道美国的青少年现在几乎见到每一个人都会拥抱”。
32.D 题目问：下面哪一项不属于过去打招呼的常见方式？本文论述的中心是拥抱——一种新的趋势，说明拥抱打招呼在过去是不常见的，可以判断D是答案。还可以通过题干关键词ways of greetings in the past定位到第1段“Say goodbye to the greetings of the past, from the hands-off ”What's up!“ to the handshake or high-five.”，这句列举了三种过去打招呼的方式，包括了ABC的内容，所以答案为没有提到的D选项。
33.D 题目问：除了哪一项，其他都是一些家长、老师和学校负责人担心拥抱的方式打招呼这种新趋势的原因？题干关键词确定为“some parents, teachers and school administrators”，回归到第3段，在这句之后，用几个问句来表达了这些人的担心。所以问句的内容就是他们担心的原因。A与第1个问句吻合，B与第2个问句吻合，C与第3个问句吻合。可以直接通过选项是否提到原文关键词来判断。所以只有D没有提到，因此本题选D(长久的身体接触更容易传播疾病)。本段谈及成年人对青少年越来越多地以拥抱的方式打招呼这一趋势所表达的关切，包括担心有一些人纯粹因为来自同伴的压力而不得不接受这样一种方式，担心那些不接受拥抱这种打招呼方式的人有被边缘化的感觉，甚至担心见面拥抱会成为性骚扰的保护外衣。
34.D 题目问：根据文章内容，下面哪一个说法是正确的？这种判断题型要根据选项中的关键词回归到原文，再将选项与原文对比。选项A(美国年轻人几乎都以同样的方式拥抱见到的每一个人)与第2段“there are lots of variations on the form”(拥抱的形式有了多种多样的变化)意思不吻合，所以A错误；B关键词measures在第4段提到“have taken even more drastic measures”(采取了更为严格的规定)，而B中few measures说的是否定意思，从这一句就可以知道B(虽然一些成年人担心这种趋势，但仍没有什么措施来禁止这一切)与原文正好矛盾，错误；C关键词traditionally在第5段提到“While the US has traditionally been reserved about touching-saving hugs and kisses for relatives, romantic partners and very close friends”，C与原文前半部分几乎完全一样，但注意C“between anybody”(在任何人之间)与原文叙述不一致，原文说的是“把拥抱和亲吻留给亲人、恋人和朋友”，所以C(从传统来说，美国人对于人们之间的拥抱显得比较保守)错误；D关键词kiss和men，需要在文中寻找这两个关键词同时出现的位置，倒数第二段“in some countries like Turkey, it's not unusual for men who know each other well to exchange kisses on the cheek.”not unusual=usual，D选项将原文的否定变成肯定，所以D(在一些国家，男人见面时互相亲吻脸颊很正常)是正确答案。
35.A 题目问：我们可以从文中了解到作者对拥抱这一新趋势持什么态度？标题中的attitude表明是询问作者的观点态度，看各选项的意思，positive积极的，negative消极的，indifferent漠不关心的，conservative保守的。首先排除C，因为如果作者不关心的话，也肯定不会撰文来讨论的，作者观点态度题中如果有indifferent(漠不关心的)一般都是错误答案。B消极的和D保守的，都属于不支持的观点，那么答案不可能在两个近似的观点中产生，排除BD项。所以正确答案为A(积极的)是支持的观点。从整篇文章的内容来看，作者对拥抱成为美国年轻人间打招呼的方式这一趋势持一个比较积极的态度。他认为其他文化中这样一种方式已经存在了很长的时间，从全球范围来看，美国不过是加入了其他国家的行列而已。
36.D-
题目问：Debenhams最可能是什么？第1句首先出现这个专有名词，但没有给出解释。第2段第1句，the store said(这个百货公司说)，定冠词表明store是第2次出现，那么上文只提到了Debenhams，所以它就是百货公司。因此正确答案为D。
37.C 题目问：根据文章内容，除了哪一项，其他都是英国女性直到较大的年纪也喜欢穿迷你裙的原因？A(女性对自己的身材越来越有自信)与第2段“women now having an increasing confidence in their bodies”意思一致，所以A是正确的原因；文中出现reason的段落是第4段“providing women with well toned bodies for longer may be the reason.The increasing number of British women living on their own may also be a factor.”factor的意思是因素，在这里也是一个原因。因此和这句话叙述相同的BD两项就是正确的原因。只有C(英国的气候)没有在文中提到。所以本题选C。英国女性愿意穿超短裙的人群年龄有上升的趋势，主要是因为人们越来越自信，注意健身保持体形，以及女性生活更加独立。
38.D 题目问：我们可以从第2、3段了解到在20世纪70年代......？根据题干，我们只用看这两段内容。第2段第1句“few women would dare to ware a mini-skirt after the age of 33”，few表示否定，很少有女性敢在33岁后穿迷你裙。所以选项A(很多女性40岁还敢穿迷你裙)是错误的，同样可以判断B和C都是错误的，三个选项的意思都表示33岁以后女性还穿超短裙。因此只有D(大多数女性33岁后就不再穿超短裙)。第3段也说从20世纪60年代开始到80年代，调查都显示女性到33岁后普遍不再购买超短裙。
39.D 题目问：下面关于迷你裙的长度的叙述哪一项是正确的？这种判断题从选项入手，根据选项关键词回归到原文进行对比判断。A关键词14、46cm分别在倒数第2、3段出现，很明显原文中这两个数字说的不是同一个对象，所以肯定A错误；B关键词
19、shortest在倒数第2段第1句“the age of 16 and 19, reducing in size from 46 to 36 cm before reaching their shortest, a mere 32 cm, at the age of 23”，这句话涉及的年龄和长度都有三个，16岁与46cm对应，19岁与36cm，32cm也就是shortest与23岁对应。因此判断B(女孩19岁时穿最短的迷你裙)错误的，同时也可以判断C(23岁时，大多数女孩穿37厘米的迷你裙)是错误的。因此正确答案为D，相关句子在倒数第2段最后1句“Skirt length increases slightly between the age of 23 and 27, rising to 37 cm, possibly due to girls being in their first stable relationship”，due to(由于)表示原因，D和原文叙述一致。从23岁开始，女性所穿着的超短裙长度从32cm渐增至37cm，主要是因为这个阶段她们普遍有了稳定的恋爱关系。
40.A 题目问：最后一段第1句的zoom可以被下面什么词代替？本题可以通过查词典解决。zoom迅速增长，soar高涨，decrease减少，hold steady保持稳定，drop下降。选项中A与目标词意思最接近，故A是最佳答案。如果不能查出目标词的意思，也可以通过以下两种方式判断：1.排除法。根据原句中的suddenly(突然地)排除C(保持稳定)，两者从逻辑上说不通，而B和D都表示下降，不能选择意思相近的两者，所以正确答案为A(高涨)。2.文意理解。最后一段第1句“short skirts suddenly zoom in popularly between the age of 27 and 34”，前文说到23到27岁女性迷你裙的长度逐渐增长，从27岁到34岁迷你裙又突然流行起来。所以这里zoom的意思是增长。正确答案为A。
41.B 题目问：世界上最好的工作是什么？寻找题干在文中的位置，第2段第2句找到这个词组，同句中还有这样的内容“applied for the post of ”caretaker“ on Hamilton Island, Australia”，说明这就是最好的工作(澳大利亚哈密尔顿岛的护岛人工作)B。所以本题选B。
42.A 题目问：下面哪一项不是求职的要求？这个题有两种方法，第一种是从题干出发“requirement for the application”，在文中寻找和此有关的内容，虽然无法直接找到关键词，但第3段的“criteria(条件)”与题干表述的意思相同，那么可以确定答案就在此句，原句中列举了三项“an adventurous attitude, passion for the outdoors and good communication skills(有冒险精神，对户外活动充满激情，且擅长沟通)”，这三项分别与B(对户外运动充满激情)、C(热爱冒险)、D(擅长与人沟通)吻合，所以选A。第二种方法是从选项出发，寻找选项在文中的位置，可以发现BCD的关键词都在第3段第2句提到，并且是以并列形式出现，那么说明答案不可能选BCD中任何一个，不然题目就不成立，根据这个方法也可判断正确答案为A。
43.A 题目问：我们可以从文中知道关于面试的什么？首先划定题干关键词“interview process”，然后根据这个关键词回归到原文第5段，最后一句“which were all parts of the interview process.”，说明前面说的都是面试。前面说到“He did a good job in demonstrating blogging skills, swimming, and snorkeling”，说明这些所有运动都是面试的内容，因此面试肯定包括了对运动技能的考察，所以正确答案为A(求职者被要求展现运动技能)。B(求职者需要亲吻长颈鹿)并未提到，kiss a giraffe是上一段Southall的求职视频中内容，排除B；C(政府从一开始就决定雇佣Southall)与第6段中关于“Southall从前50，进到前16”这样一个过程的叙述不一致，排除C；D(Peter Lawlor监控了整个面试过程)，这个人在第6段提到，但没有叙述他与面试的关系，所以排除D。
44.B-
题目问：我们可以从Southall的生活中了解到什么？文中从第8段才开始叙述Southall以前的生活，那么答案就从第8段开始，带着选项内容与原文比较。A(他出生在一个贫困的家庭)的关键词poor family，这几个段落中没提到他的家庭情况，所以排除A；B(他从小就喜欢户外运动)这句话可以从第8段“used his parents' home as a base for his adventures”以及第9段他母亲的话“he always wanted to be outside”中推断出来；C(他学业不好)，段落中没有提到关于study的事情，所以排除C；D(他的父母擅长运动)也没有提到，第8-10段只叙述了他父母对他的评价。所以正确答案为B。
45.B 题目问：可以从最后一段了解到什么？最后一段只有几句话，从第一句“So, you see?”可以知道是作者与读者的交流。整段除开问句，只有三个句子“不管你是什么样的人，都有获得理想工作的可能性。只要仔细阅读工作描述，满足该工作需要的技能和才能就可以了”。从这几句话中可以知道这是作者对读者的鼓励：每个人都有获得理想工作的可能性。A(如果我们认真阅读报纸，就可以找到像Southall那样的工作)不能推出；B(每个人都有找到与自己技能和能力的理想工作的机会)与原文作者的意思一致；C(人们应该更关注报纸上的工作描述)只是单一推断；D中的South Africa根本没有出现。所以本题选B。
46.F 观察选项，AE意思相反，很有可能二者之一即是干扰项。联系上下文看第46题，第2段中首句中出现Spending time with family，对比选项F中也出现了类似的结构spending time with friends，并且还出现了顺序词next(下一个)，followed by(紧接着)，结构上相对应。再从上下文含义上判断，第2段中有according to an extensive survey(一项大规模调查表明)，top answer(最多的回答)是…好与F中next(其次的回答)是…，followed by(然后)是…，意思上衔接到一起。所以该题正确答案为F。
47.E 该题空白处是在句首，所以句子开头单词首字母应该大写，我们只能从剩余的ABDE选项中选择。观察该段后面叙述，第2句的racial differences(种族差异)和第3句的stress关联性较大，这和B选项的happiness违背，而且B中的educated也没有提及。可排除B。选项 D中的winner暗示前文会有比赛或比较，观察前三段也没有提及。所以选择范围可缩小到选项A和E，查字典可知，两个选项中happier 和disconcerting(不安的、令人担忧的)意思相对。Other result明显是和前面第3段中good news for parents相对。而且横线后面一句是由while(尽管)引导，表明后面意思和while引导的most young people are happy意思相反，再加上最后一句的A lot of young people feel stress，更加确定该段表示调查结果不让人满意。所以该题正确答案为E。
48.C 观察48题空白前面的话语，很明显有一个racial difference(种族差异)，观察选项，C中出现了white(白人), black(黑人)and Hispanics(美籍西班牙人),虽然可能最后一个大写的词我们不认识，但是从前面的白人、黑人即可判断答案。所以该题正确答案为C。
49.B 该空白前面出现了happy, family, income之类的词语，和选项B 中的parents, happiness, income 一致。我们从意思上加以判别，可作为判定答案的依据。该段第2句中的although引出一种让步关系，“尽管家庭收入最高的人普遍来说幸福感更强”，接着转折，“但在被问及'什么能带来快乐'时，几乎没有人回答说'金钱'”，选项B(父母拥有高学历比高收入更能带来幸福)正好是对前面意思的补充说明，所以该题正确答案为B。
50.D 该题主要是根据前文判断答案选项。前面提到one or both of their parents，正好和选项D中的Mom呼应。再从意思上加以判断。最后一段第一句说到“当调查对象被要求说出自己心目中的'英雄'时，近一半的人提到父母中的一人或双亲。”正好和选项D中的winner对应。D中的by a nose意思是“差一点”，D的意思为“'母亲'”以微弱优势'获胜'“，为正确答案。
51.A 空格处要填入动词。issue作动词使用时，表示”发行、颁布“的意思；provide表示”提供“，withdraw表示”取回、收回“，bring back表示”恢复“。句子：中国已经开始____第一个关于变性手术的临床指南。根据句意可知应该填入发布。所以正确答案为A。
52.B boast夸耀，estimate估测，blame责备，offer提供。下一句是解题关键：然而，并无相关的官方数字。说明这个数字并不是确切的，只能是估计。所以正确答案为B。句意：专家估计，近2,000名中国人已经历了变性手术而10~40万人仍在考虑之中。
53.B maximum是最大的，minimum是最小的，less更少的，few很少的。根据上下文判断，卫生部提出的应该是”最低“标准。所以正确答案为B。句意：在草案中卫生部为进行手术的候选人和医疗机构制定了最低标准。
54.A 空格前是engage，联想到固定词组engage in，表示从事或者参与某项工作或者活动。所以正确答案为A。
55.C physicist物理学家、chemist化学家、psychologist心理学家和geologist地质学家。本文论述的中心是变性手术的临床准则。那么肯定和医学有关，选项中没有直接提到医生，和医学最接近的是心理学家。所以正确答案为C。句意：候选人必须要接受心理学家对手术提出的建议。
56.B 空格前的legal requirement(法律要件)是解题关键，法律或者法规中的条文和要求是必须遵守的。而下文所举的例子中的”the candidate must“, ”police must“，都暗示这里应该填入must，正确答案为B。句意： 同时，法律或法规中的条文也必须遵守。
57.D respective表示”各自的、分别的“，prospect是动词表示”期待“，expecting动词表示”期待“，prospective表示”未来的、将来的“，这几个词词形相近，容易混淆。空格前后是the ____ receiver，应该填入形容词，所以排除B和C。空格后的receiver表示接受变性手术的人，这里指将来的，所以正确答案为D。句意：警方还必须同意改变未来变性者身份证上的性别。
58.C take position抢占位置，take location没有这种固定用法，take place是固定的短语搭配表示”发生、进行、举行“的意思，take scene(场景)。这里表示的在手术发生之前。所以应该填入发生。正确答案为C。句意：在进行手术前，警方还必须同意改变未来变性者身份证上的性别。
59.B 句子主语是：The advent of such a guideline(这种指南的出现)，这是一个事件，那么believe与它肯定是被动关系，表示人们认为。所以这里用be believed to，表示”确信“。正确答案为B。
60.A 空格前是concern(关心)，concerned about指”忧虑、担心“，而concerned with是指”关心、感兴趣“。句子表示是政府的立场，那么应该是担心这样的问题，而不是感兴趣。所以正确答案为A。
61.D 四个选项意思都是数字。但只有number可以和空格前后组成固定搭配：a number of是一个固定短语，表示”若干、不少“的意思，用在可数名词前。所以正确答案为D。句意：出台这样的指南表明政府希望要求改变性别的人数相对较少才好。
62.C 空格前是due，联想到常用的固定搭配due to，引入原因，表示”因为、由于“。所以正确答案为C。句意：由于其较大的社会和法律责任，这种手术不仅仅是个医疗程序。
63.B sought是seek的过去式和过去分词形式。所以这里需要判断空格的seek(寻求)充当什么成分。在本句中，用seek的现在分词形式充当名词的定语，意为”寻求变性手术的那些人“。其他三个选项都是动词的限定形式，都是可以单独充当谓语的，因此不符合要求。所以正确答案为B。
64.D as表示”像……一样“，后面跟谓词短语；such that如此...以至于...；as such强调某事的程度或者结果，表示”如此……以致……“；such as用于举例说明的场合。空格前other options(其他选择)，空格后就给出一个选择方式hormone therapy(激素疗法)，可知前后是举例的关系。所以正确答案为D。句意：该指引要求外科医生告诉病人诸如激素疗法等其他选择。
65.A 空格后是the long run，联想到固定搭配in the long run，表示”从长远的观点来看、最终"。放入整个句子中逻辑通顺：从长远来看手术并非重大问题。所以正确答案为A。
第三篇：2014年职称英语综合类A级考前押题
第1部分：词汇选项(第1～15题，每题1分，共15分)
下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。
1.Techniques to employ the energy of the sun are being developed.A.convert
B.store
C.utilize
D.receive
2.Since the Great Depression, the United States government has protected farmers from damaging drops in grain prices.A.slight
B.surprising
C.sudden
D.harmful
3.Medicine depends on other fields for basic information, particularly some of their specialized branches.A.conventionally
B.obviously
C.especially
D.inevitably
4.An important part of the national government is the Foreign Service, a branch of the Department of the State.A.a unity
B.a division
C.an embassy
D.an invitation
5.We were astonished to hear that their football team had won the champion.A.amazed
B.amounted
C.amused
D.approached
6.There is an abundant supply of cheap labor in this country.A.a steady
B.a plentiful
C.an extra
D.a stable
7.All living organisms, regardless of their unique identity, have certain logical, chemical, and physical characteristics in common.A.as a result of
B.considering
C.on purpose
D.whatever
8.The most crucial problem any economic system faces is how to use its scarce resources.A.puzzling
B.difficult
C.terrifying
D.urgent
9.Human facial expressions differ from those of animals in the degree to which they can be deliberately controlled and modified.A.sufficiently
B.noticeably
C.intentionally
D.absolutely
10.The Constitutions, vague nature has given it the flexibility to be adapted when circumstances change.A.imprecise
B.concise
C.unpolished
D.elementary
11.The expedition reached the summit at 10:30 that morning.A.top of the mountain
B.bottom of that morning
C.starting point
D.site
12.The latest census is encouraging.A.count
B.statement
C.agreement
D.estimate
13.Academic records from other institutions often become part of a university's official file and can neither be returned to a student nor duplicated.A.borrowed
B.purchased
C.copied
D.rewritten
14.While serving in the Senate in the early 1970s, Barbara Jordan supported legislation to ban discrimination and to deal with environment problems.A.list
B.forbid
C.handle
D.investigate
15.Gambling is lawful in Nevada.A.legal
B.irresistible
C.enjoyable
D.profitable 第2部分：阅读判断(第16～22题，每题1分，共7分)
下面的短文后列了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A;如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B;如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。
A Dog's Dilemma
Finding a babysitter while you go out to work is, for example, an inconvenience.For the African wild dog, one of the continent's most endangered carnivores, it's a matter of life and death.New research shows that once packs fall below a certain size, there are not enough animals to both hunt food and stay at home protecting the young.The African wild dog has declined drastically over the past century.Habitual loss, persecution and unexplained outbreaks of disease have all been blamed.Only 3, 000 to 5, 000 animals remain, and the species is expected to go extinct within decades if the trend continues.Other large carnivores such as the spotted hyena face similar pressures, yet are not declining.Now Franck Courchamp of Cambridge University has found a reason why.The dog's weakness lies in its social organisation.Within each pack of up to 20 adults and pups, only the dominant male and female breed.The remaining animals help raise the pups, cooperating to hunt prey and defend the kill from other carnivores.Because pups can't keep up on a hunt, large packs leave an adult behind to protect them from predators, which include lions and hyenas.But leaving a babysitter also carries costs.A smaller hunting party is less able to tackle large prey and to defend the kill.There is also one less stomach in which to carry food hack to the den, and one more mouth to feed when they get there.Courchamp investigated this awkward trade-off by modelling how the costs of a babysitter change with decreasing pack size.This showed that packs of more than five adults should be able to feed all the pups and still spare a babysitter.But with smaller packs, either the hunting or the babysitting suffers, or the animals have to compensate by increasing the number of hunting excursions-which itself carries a cost to the pack.Field observations in Zimbabwe supported the model.Packs of five animals or fewer left pups unguarded more frequently than larger packs did.There was also evidence that when they did leave a babysitter, they were forced to hunt more often.A pack which drops below a critical size becomes caught in a vicious circle, says Courchamp, who is now at Paris-Sud University.“Poor reproduction and low survival further reduces pack size, culminating in failure of the whole pack.” And deaths caused by human activity, says Courchamp, may be what reduces pack numbers to below the sustainable threshold.Mammal ecologist Chris Carbone at London's Institute of Zoology agrees.Maintaining the integrity of wild dog packs will be vital in pre serving the species, he says.16.The African wild dog has been endangered.A.Right
B.Wrong
C.Not mentioned
17.The spotted hyena is on the verge of extinction.A.Right
B.Wrong
C.Not mentioned
18.The remaining lions will die out within decades.A.Right
B.Wrong
C.Not mentioned
19.The dominant female is always left behind to protect the young.A.Right
B.Wrong
C.Not mentioned
20.There is a tension between babysitting and hunting.A.Right
B.Wrong
C.Not mentioned
21.The size of a pack must be big enough for it to survive.A.Right
B.Wrong
C.Not mentioned
22.Steps will be taken to protect the African wild dog.A.Right
B.Wrong
C.Not mentioned 第3部分：概括大意与完成句子(第23～30题，每题1分，共8分)
阅读下面这篇短文，短文后有2项测试任务：(1)第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2～5段每段选择1个正确的小标题;(2)第27～30题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确选项，分别完成每个句子。请将答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上.Keeping Cut Flowers While everybody enjoys fresh cut flowers around their house, few people know how to keep them for as long as possible.This may be done by keeping in mind a few simple facts.An important thing to remember about cut flowers is that they are sensitive to temperature.For example, studies have shown that cut carnations(康乃馨)retain their freshness eight times longer when kept at 12℃ than when kept at 26℃.Keeping freshly harvested flowers at the right temperatures is probably the most important aspect of flower care.Flowers are not intended by nature to live very long.Their biological purpose is simply to attract birds or insects, such as bees, for pollination(授粉).After that, they quickly dry up and die.The process by which flowers consume oxygen and produce carbon dioxide(二氧化碳), called respiration(呼吸), generates the energy the flower needs to give the flower its shape and color.The making of seeds also depends on this energy.While all living things respire, flowers have a high level of respiration.A result of all this respiration is heat, and for flowers the level of heat relative to the mass of the flower is very high.Respiration also brings about the eventual death of the flower.Thus the greater the level of respiration, the sooner the flower dies.How, then, to control the rate at which flowers die? By controlling respiration.How is respiration controlled? By controlling temperature.We know that respiration produces heat, but the
reverse is also true.Thus by maintaining low temperatures, respiration is reduced and the cut flower will age more slowly.Another vital factor in keeping cut flowers is the quality of the water in which they are placed.Flowers find it difficult to “drink” water that is dirty or otherwise polluted.Even when water looks and smells clean, it almost certainly contains harmful substances that can endanger the flowers.To rid the water of these unwanted substances, household chlorine bleach(含氯漂白剂)can be used in small quantities.It is recommended that 15 drops of chlorine bleach(at 4% solution)be added to each liter of water.The water and solution should also be replaced each day.Paragraph 2__________.Paragraph 3__________.Paragraph 4__________.Paragraph 5__________.A Control of Respiration
B Beauty of Fresh Cut Flowers
C Role of Respiration
D Most Important Aspect of Flower Care
E Need for Clean Water
F Ways of Stopping Respiration A few simple facts will help you keep cut flowers__________.Respiration plays a key role__________ The aging of cut flowers can be slowed down__________.Another important way to prolong the life of cut flowers is__________.A by keeping its original shape and color
B in the life of cut flowers
C to produce carbon dioxide
D for as long as possible
E by controlling temperature
F to replace the water and solution every day 第4部分：阅读理解(第31～45题，每题3分，共45分)
下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题，每道题后面都有4个选项。请仔细阅读短文并根据短文回答其后面的问题，从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。
My Fast Job
I was six when I joined my father and two elder brothers at sunrise in the hayfields of Eufaula, Oklahoma.By the time I was eight I was helping Dad fix up low-income rental properties.He gave me a penny for every nail I pulled out of old boards.I got my first real job, at JM's Restaurant in town, when I was 12.My main responsibilities were clearing tables and washing dishes, but sometimes I helped cook.Every day after school I would head to JM's and work until ten.Saturdays I worked from two until eleven.At that age it was unlucky going to work and watching my friends run off to swim or play.I didn't necessarily like work, but I loved what working allowed me to have.Because of my job I was always the one buying when my friends and I went to the local bar Tastee Freez.This made me proud.Word that I was honest and hardworking got around town.A local clothing store extended credit to me although I was only in the seventh grade.I immediately charged a $ 68 sports coat and a $ 22 pair of trousers.I was making only 65 cents an hour, and I was already $ 90 in debt!So I learned early the danger of easy credit.I paid it off as soon as I could.My first job taught me discipline, responsibility and brought me a level of personal satisfaction few of my friends had experienced.As my father, who worked three jobs, once told me, “If you understand sacrifice and commitment, there are not many things in life you can't have.” How right he was!
When the author was a child, he was made to help his father work because___________
A the restaurant was short of hands.B his family belonged to the low-income group.C he wanted to earn some money.D he was stronger than his two brothers.32 At the age of 12, the author got a job at a restaurant and often worked till late at night because___________
A he liked that work.B he didn't like playing.C he was hard-working.D he felt rewarded by doing that work.33 The word “Word” in the sentence “Word that I was honest and-hard-working got around town in the fourth paragraph means___________
A statement.B advice.C news.D promise.34 When the author was in the seventh grade, he was in debt because___________
A he did not work any more.B he bought clothes on credit.C he was charged too much for the sports coat.D he made little money at that time.35 What does the author want to tell the reader by this text?
A If you know sacrifice and responsibility, you can have many things in life.B Children from poor families usually have a very unhappy childhood.C Children should be made to work and earn some money by themselves.D You will learn discipline and responsibility by working early in life.Ford's Assembly Line
When it comes to singling out those who have made a difference in all our lives, you cannot overlook Henry Ford.A historian a century from now might well conclude that it was Ford who most influenced all manufacturing, everywhere, even to this day, by introducing a new way to make cars one, strange to say, that originated in slaughterhouses(屠宰场).Back in the early 1900's, slaughterhouses used what could have been called a ”disassembly line“.Ford reversed this process to see if it would speed up production of a part of an automobile engine called a magneto.Rather than have each worker completely assemble a magneto, one of its elements was placed on a conveyer, and each worker, as it passed, added another component to it, the same one each time.Professor David Hounshell of the University of Delaware, an expert on industrial development, tells what happened.”The previous day, workers carrying out the entire process had averaged one assembly every 20 minutes.But on that day, on the line, the assemble team averaged one every 13minutes and 10 seconds per person.“
Within a year, the time had been reduced to five minutes.In 1913, Ford went all the way.Hooked together by ropes, partially assembled vehicles were towed(拖,拉)past workers who completed them one piece at a time.It hasn't long before Ford was turning out several hundred thousand cars a year, a remarkable achievement then.And so efficient and economical was this new system that he cut the price of his cars in half, to $ 260, putting them within reach of all those who, up until that time, could not afford them.Soon, auto makers and the world all copied him.In fact, heencouraged them to do so by writing a book about all of his innovations, entitled Today and Tomorrow.The Age of the Automobile has arrived.Today, aided by robots and other forms of automation(自动化), everything from toasters to perfumes is made on assembly lines.Which of the following statements about Henry Ford is NOT true____?
A.He introduced a new way of production.B.He influenced all manufacturing.C.He inspired other auto makers.D.He changed a historian's mind.37、The writer mentions ”slaughterhouses“ because they were the places where ____
A.Ford's assembly line originated
B.Ford made his first car
C.Ford readjusted the assembly line
D.Ford innovated the disassembly line
38、A magneto is a technical term for____
A.an automobile
B.a production line
C.a part of an automobile engine
D.a disassembly line
39、the phrase ”turning out“ in the last paragraph could be best replaced by____
A.”producing“
B.”selling“
C.”buying“
D.”fixing"
40、The invention of the assembly line enabled Henry Ford____
A.to create more jobs for the unemployed
B.to write a book on history
C.to reduce the price of his cars to $260
D.to cut the production of his cars by 50%
第三篇
Play
Play is the principal business of childhood, and in recent years research has shown the great importance of play in the development of a human being.From earliest infancy, every child needs opportunity and the right materials for play, and the main tools of play are toys, Their main function is to suggest, encourage and assist play.To succeed in this they must be good toys, which children will play with often, and will come back to again and again.Therefore it is important to choose suitable toys for different stages of a child's development.In recent years research on infant development has shown that the standard a child is likely to reach, within the range of his inherited abilities.is largely determined in the first three years of his life.So a baby's ability to profit from the right play materials should not be underestimated.A baby who is encouraged and stimulated, talked to and shown things and played with, has the best chance of growing up successfully.In the next stage, from three to five years old, curiosity knows no bounds.Every type of suitable toy should be made available to the child, for trying out, experimenting and learning, for discovering his own particular ability.Bricks and jigsaws(七巧板)and construction toys;painting, scribbling(涂鸦)and making things;sand and water play;toys for imaginative and pretending play;the first social games for learning to play and get on with others.But the third stage of playdevelopment--from five to seven or eight years--the child is at school.But for a few more years play is still the best way of learning, at home or at school.It is easier to see which type of toys the child most enjoys.Until the age of seven or eight, play and work mean much the same to a child.But once reading has been mastered, then books and school become the main source of learning.Toys are still interesting and valuable, they lead on to new hobbies, but their significance has changed-to a child of nice or ten years, toys and games mean, as to adults, relaxation and fun.The passage tells us that as a child grows up, ____
A.he should be allowed to choose his own toys
B.he should be given identical toys
C.he should be given different toys
D.he should be given fewer and fewer toys
42、According to the passage, the abilities a child has inherited from his parents ____
A.determine his character
B.will not change after the age of three
C.partly determine the standard he is likely to reach
D.to a large extent determine the choice of toys
43、Who have the best chance of growing up successfully____?
A.Those who tend to overeat.B.Those who are given a lot of toys.C.Those who are given toys, talked to and played with.D.Those who can share their toys with their playmates.44、We learn from the passage that a child has boundless curiosity ____
A.when he is two
B.when he is around four
C.when he is six
D.when he is eight
45、The passage is mainly about ____
A.the importance of pre-school education
B.the importance of schooling
C.the role of play in a child's development
D.the choice of toys for adolescents 第5部分：补全短文(第46～50题，每题2分，共10分)
阅读下面的短文，文章中有5处空白，文章后面有6组文字，请根据文章的内容选择5组文字，将其分别放回文章原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。请将答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。
How to Interview People
Interviewing(采访)is one of those skills that you can only get better at.You will never again feel so ill at ease as when you try it for the first time, and probably you'll never feel entirely comfortable trying to get from another person answers that he or she may be too shy to reveal.___________(46)The rest is instinct, which can all be learned with experience.The basic tools for an interview are paper and two or three well-sharpened pencils.But keep your notebook or paper out of sight until you need it.There's nothing less likely to relax a person than the arrival of someone with a note-taking pad.___________(47)Take a while just to chat, judging what sort of person you're dealing with, getting him or her to trust you.Never go into an interview without doing whatever homework you can.If you are interviewing a town official, know his voting record.If it's an actor, know what plays he has been in.___________(48)
Many beginning interviewers are afraid that they are forcing the other person to answer questions and have no right to inquire about his personal secrets.___________(49)Unless the person really hates being interviewed, he is delighted that somebody wants to interview him.Most men and women lead lives that are uninteresting, and they grasp any chance to talk to an outsider who seems eager to listen.This doesn't necessarily mean that it will go well.In general you will be talking to people who have never been interviewed before, and they will get used to the process awkwardly, perhaps not giving you anything that you can use.___________(50)You will both even begin to enjoy it-proof that you aren't forcing your victim to do something he doesn't really want to.A Come back another day;it will go better
B But at least half of the skill is mechanical
C As one philosopher interviewed in the film notes, they lack irony
D You will not be liked if you inquire about facts that you could have learned in advance.E This fear is almost 100 percent unnecessary
F Both of you need time to get to know each other 第6部分：完形填空(第51～65题，每题1分，共15分)
阅读下面的短文，文中有15处空白，每处空白给出了4个选项，请根据短文的内容从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案，涂在答题卡相应的位置上。
Cost as a Factor in Supply
In a purely competitive market, the supplier of goods and services has no control over the market price, because he produces too little to influence market conditions.With no difference between his products and the products___________(51)his competitors, he will sell nothing if he charges above the market price and he will sell all if he charges at or___________(52)the market price.However, in considering the price, he must take the___________(53)of production into consideration.There are times when he may be willing to sell below his cost.This might happen when prices tumble for___________(54)he believes will be a short time.However, no business person can ___________(55)to lose money for a prolonged period.He must be constantly ___________(56)of his costs in relation to the market price if he is to compete successfully and earn a profit.Many people have the impression that as production increases, costs per unit decrease.___________(57)mass production has made this true in certain industries and at certain levels of production, ___________(58)logic and practical experiences have shown that costs per unit begin to rise beyond a certain level of production.Some economists___________(59)to this principle as the law of increasing costs.The reason costs rise as production goes up is ___________(60).However, it is easy to recognize that as production goes up, the need for additional factors of production will also grow, ___________(61)competitive bidding in the marketplace for the factors of production.If a producer needs ___________(62)skilled labor to produce more, and none of this labor is unemployed, the producer will have to get___________(63)from other sources.This can be done by___________(64)higher wages.Higher bidding would also apply to the other factors of production.We must also recognize that not all labor is equally productive, ___________(65)not all land is equally fertile and not all ore(矿石)is equally rich in the mineral wanted.51 A to B at C of D on
A below B beneath C over D above
A price B cost C worth D profit
A that B why C what D if
A afford B pretend C offer D decide
A sure B afraid C aware D suspicious
A Because B since C When D While
A both B neither C none D any
A resort B refer C turn D attend
A clear B simple C difficult D complex
A bringing B resulting in C including D carrying out
A less B numerous C more D many
A them B these C it D those
A offering B cutting C reducing D having
A as if B just as C because D while 参考答案:
1.C 2.D 3.C 4.B 5.A
6.B 7.D 8.D 9.C 10.A
11.A 12.A 13.C 14.B 15.A
16.A 17.B 18.C 19.B 20.A
21.A 22.C
23.D24.C25.A26.E27.D28.B29.E30.F
31.C32.D33.C34.B35.A
36-45DACAC CCCBC
46.B47.F48.D49.E50.A
51.C52.A53.B54.C55.A
56.C57.D58.A59.B60.D
61.B62.C63.C64.A65.B
第四篇：2011年职称英语综合类C级近义词组汇总
2011年职称英语综合类C级近义词组汇总
notion – concept – idea 概念
characteristic – feature 特征
be characteristic of – be typical of 是….所特有的 difficult – hard – tough 困难的 area – field 领域
area – region 区域
final –last 最后的 diploma – certificate 证书
pleasing – satisfactory 令人满意的 wish – hope 希望
massive – extensive – a mass of--plentiful大量的 conference – meeting 会议
close – intimate--near 亲密的 link – connect 连接
explore – investigate 调查
propose – suggest – advise--recommend 建议
cater for – meet – satisfy 满足
provide – supply – furnish 提供
unite – combine – join 联合，合并
come across – run into – meet 遇到
appealing – attractive--fascinating 吸引人的 appeal to--tempt – attract – fascinate(A 级)吸引
instruct – teach 教授(…课程)
private – personal 私人的 vanish – disappear 消失
phase – stage 阶段
pattern – mode 模式，式样
destroy – ruin 毁灭
facilitate(A 级)– help – assist 有助于
manufacture – make – produce – turn out 制造，生产 prior to – before 在…之前
for good – forever 永远
be anxious to do …-be eager to do…-be keen to ….渴望…
write down – put down 写下
try – attempt 努力
annoying – irritating 讨厌的，令人生气的 boring – dull--uninteresting 令人厌烦的 seem – appear 看起来
contented – satisfactory – satisfied 满意的 exhibit – show 展示
show – indicate 表明
hate – dislike – be tired of – be sick of 讨厌，不喜欢
terrible--awful 可怕的 precise – accurate – exact 精确的 concise – brief--short 简明的
elementary – basic – primary – fundamental 基本的 purchase – buy 购买
deal with – cope with – handle 应付，处理
forbid--ban 禁止
lawful – legal 合法的
unbelievable – incredible 难以置信的 diligent – hardworking 勤劳的，刻苦的 principal –chief--leading---main 主要的，首要的
employ – hire 雇佣
fire – dismiss – send away 解雇
assume – suppose 假定
on the verge of---close to 接近于, 濒临于
gaze at – look at – stare at 凝视，注视
entitled – qualified 有资格的 employment – work – job 工作
encourage – inspire – push 鼓励，激励 no longer – no more 不再
admit – acknowledge 承认
allow – permit 允许
state – declare – announce 宣布，声明
regret – sorry 遗憾的 remove – get off 脱下
start – begin 开始
observe--stick to 遵守
previous – former 以前的 maintain – hold – think 认为
cause – bring about – lead to – result in 导致
error – mistake 错误
component – ingredient – element 成分
solve – settle 解决(问题)
involve – include 包括
numerous – a number of – a lot of – abundant(B 级)---plentiful 大量的, 丰富的 stay –remain 保持(用作半系动词)
rest – break 休息
account for – explain 解释
examination – test 测试，考试
examine – check up 检查，核对
gain – put on 增加
put up – lift – raise 举起
put up – build – construct 建造
relieve--lessen 减轻，减少
severe –serious--bad 严重的 severe – strict 严厉的
sharp– acute – severe 剧烈的(疼痛)
severe – hard-tough 艰苦的 quit – give up – abandon 放弃
subject – topic 话题
remarkable – exceptional – extraordinary – great – marvelous – striking – special – unusual 显著的
polite – respectful 有礼貌的 politeness – good manners 礼貌
crazy – mad 疯狂的 sensible –wise 明智的
clever – intelligent – wise – bright 聪明的(be)exhausted –(be)tired –(be)worn out 疲惫
believable – convincing--credible 可信的 original – initial 最初的 original – creative 创造性的 competent – capable – able 有能力的
第五篇：2011年职称英语综合类C级近义词组汇总
2011年职称英语综合类C级近义词组汇总
notion – concept – idea 概念
characteristic – feature 特征
be characteristic of – be typical of 是….所特有的 difficult – hard – tough 困难的 area – field 领域
area – region 区域
final –last 最后的 diploma – certificate 证书
pleasing – satisfactory 令人满意的 wish – hope 希望
massive – extensive – a mass of--plentiful大量的 conference – meeting 会议
close – intimate--near 亲密的 link – connect 连接
explore – investigate 调查
propose – suggest – advise--recommend 建议
cater for – meet – satisfy 满足
provide – supply – furnish 提供
unite – combine – join 联合，合并
come across – run into – meet 遇到
appealing – attractive--fascinating 吸引人的 appeal to--tempt – attract – fascinate(A 级)吸引
instruct – teach 教授(…课程)
private – personal 私人的 vanish – disappear 消失
phase – stage 阶段
pattern – mode 模式，式样
destroy – ruin 毁灭
facilitate(A 级)– help – assist 有助于
manufacture – make – produce – turn out 制造，生产
prior to – before 在…之前
for good – forever 永远
be anxious to do …-be eager to do…-be keen to ….渴望…
write down – put down 写下
try – attempt 努力
annoying – irritating 讨厌的，令人生气的 boring – dull--uninteresting 令人厌烦的 seem – appear 看起来
contented – satisfactory – satisfied 满意的 exhibit – show 展示
show – indicate 表明
hate – dislike – be tired of – be sick of 讨厌，不喜欢
terrible--awful 可怕的 precise – accurate – exact 精确的 concise – brief--short 简明的
elementary – basic – primary – fundamental 基本的 purchase – buy 购买
deal with – cope with – handle 应付，处理
forbid--ban 禁止
lawful – legal 合法的
unbelievable – incredible 难以置信的 diligent – hardworking 勤劳的，刻苦的 principal –chief--leading---main 主要的，首要的
employ – hire 雇佣
fire – dismiss – send away 解雇
assume – suppose 假定
on the verge of---close to 接近于, 濒临于
gaze at – look at – stare at 凝视，注视
entitled – qualified 有资格的 employment – work – job 工作
encourage – inspire – push 鼓励，激励
no longer – no more 不再
admit – acknowledge 承认
allow – permit 允许
state – declare – announce 宣布，声明
regret – sorry 遗憾的 remove – get off 脱下
start – begin 开始
observe--stick to 遵守
previous – former 以前的 maintain – hold – think 认为
cause – bring about – lead to – result in 导致
error – mistake 错误
component – ingredient – element 成分
solve – settle 解决(问题)
involve – include 包括
numerous – a number of – a lot of – abundant(B 级)---plentiful 大量的, 丰富的
stay –remain 保持(用作半系动词)
rest – break 休息
account for – explain 解释
examination – test 测试，考试
examine – check up 检查，核对
gain – put on 增加
put up – lift – raise 举起
put up – build – construct 建造
relieve--lessen 减轻，减少
severe –serious--bad 严重的 severe – strict 严厉的
sharp– acute – severe 剧烈的(疼痛)
severe – hard-tough 艰苦的 quit – give up – abandon 放弃
subject – topic 话题
remarkable – exceptional – extraordinary – great – marvelous – striking – special – unusual 显著的 polite – respectful 有礼貌的 politeness – good manners 礼貌
crazy – mad 疯狂的 sensible –wise 明智的
clever – intelligent – wise – bright 聪明的
(be)exhausted –(be)tired –(be)worn out 疲惫
believable – convincing--credible 可信的 original – initial 最初的 original – creative 创造性的 competent – capable – able 有能力的 第2部分：阅读判断（16～22题，第题1分，共7分）
阅读下面这篇短文，短文后列出7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断。如果该句提供的是正确信息，请在答题卡上把A涂黑；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请在答题卡上把B涂黑；如果该句的信息文章中没有提及，请在答题卡上把C涂黑。
Plants and Mankind
Botany, the study of plants, occupies a peculiar position in the history of human knowledge.We don't know what our Stone Age ancestors knew about plants, but from what we can observe of preindustrial societies that still exist, a detailed learning of plants and their properties must be extremely ancient.This is logical.Plants are the basis of the food pyramid for all living things, even for other plants.They have always been enormously important to the welfare of people, not only for food, but also for clothing, weapons, tools, dyes, medicines shelter, and many other purposes.Tribes living today in the jungle of the Amazon recognize hundreds of plants and know many properties of each.To them botany has no name and is probably not even recognized as a special branch of “knowledge” at all.Unfortunately, the more industrialized we become the farther away we move from direct contact with plants, and the less distinct our knowledge of botany grows.Yet everyone comes unconsciously on an amazing amount of botanical knowledge, and few people will fail to recognize a rose, an apple, or an orchid.When our Neolithic ancestors, living in the Middle East about 10,000 years ago, discovered that certain grasses could be harvested and their seeds planted for richer yields the next season, the first great step in a new association of plants and humans was taken.Grains were discovered and from them flowed the marvel of agriculture: cultivated crops.From then on, humans would increasingly take their living from the controlled production of a few plants, rather than getting a little here and a little there from many varieties that grew wild and the accumulated knowledge of tens of thousands of years of experience and intimacy with plants in the wild would begin to fade away.It is logical that a detailed learning of plants and their properties must be extremely ancient.A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned People cannot survive without plants.A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned Tribes living today in the jungle of the Amazon teach botany to their children at school.A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned Our direct contact with plants grows with the process of industrialization
A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned Today people usually acquire a large amount of botanical knowledge from textbooks.A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned People living in the Middle East first learned to grow plants for food about 10,000 year ago.A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned Once mankind began farming, they no longer had to get food from many varieties that grew wild.A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned
答案：
16.A
17.A
18.B
19.B
20.B
21.A
22.B
Hercules
Once upon a time there was a great Greek hero, Hercules.He was taller and stronger than anyone you have ever seen.On his shoulder he carried a club and in his hand he held a bow(弓).He was known as the hero of a hundred adventures.Hercules served a king.The king was afraid of him.So again and again he sent him on difficult tasks.One morning the king sent for him and told him to fetch three golden apples for him from the garden of the Singing Maidens(歌女).But no one knew where the garden was.So Hercules went away.He walked the whole day and the next day and the next.He walked for months before he saw mountains far in the distance one fine morning.One of the mountains was in the shape of a man, with long, long legs and arms and huge shoulders and a huge head.He was holding up the sky.Hercules knew it was Atlas, the Mountain God.So he asked him for help.Atlas answered, “My head and arms and shoulders all ache.Could you hold up the sky while I fetch the golden apples for you?”
Hercules climbed the mountain and shouldered the sky.Soon the sky grew very heavy.When finally Atlas came back with three golden apples, he said, “Well, you are going to carry the mountain for ever.I'm going to see the king with the apples.” Hercules knew that he couldn't fight him because of the sky on his back.So he shouted:
“Just one minute's help.My shoulders are hurting.Hold the sky for a minute while I make a cushion(垫子)for my shoulders.”
Atlas believed him.He threw down the apples and held up the sky.Hercules picked up the apples and ran back to see the king.Hercules was the tallest man in the world.A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned Hercules worked in the king's garden.A Right B Wrong
C Not mentioned Hercules was given many difficult tasks because the king wanted to get rid of him.A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned Atlas was the giant who held up the sky.A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned Atlas ran faster than Hercules.A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned Atlas got the golden apples for Hercules because he wanted to be the king himself.A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned Hercules finally managed to get the apples by defeating Atlas.A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned
【参考答案】16.A17.C18.A19.A 20.C21.B22.B
2010年职称英语综合C类阅读判断考点精华(1)
Will Hillary Be the Next American President?
Back in 1969, US President Richard Nixon confidently predicted: “In the next 50 years, we shall see a woman president, perhaps sooner than you think.”
Today, not too far off Nixon‟s deadline, America is looking at that possibility.Over the weekend, Hillary Rodham Clinton, wife of former president Bill Clinton, announced her run for 2008 presidency.US polls indicate that Americans feel comfortable with a female president.A New York Times survey found nearly all Americans saying they would vote for president if she were qualified.However, accepting the theoretical notion of a female leader is quite different from voting an actual woman.In fact, there is still widespread distrust of a woman in the top position.This is partly due to the biased thinking that women are weak on national security, though they might be strong on education and health care.This damages their prospects as a presidential contender.“There‟s still an inherent nervousness on the part of voters putting a woman in as the ultimate decision-maker.Control of the army and border security are sorts of traditionally male jobs,”commented Amy Walter,an American campaign analyst.“That‟s where I think voters consciously or unconsciously have difficulties with women candidates.”
Women have held the top job in other major Western countries.In 1979, Britain elected Margaret Thatcher prime minister.Last year, Germany made Angela Merkel its first female chancellor.In the US, no woman has succeeded in being nominated as a presidential candidate.One woman did make the attempt: Elizabeth Dole.In 1999,she tried to get the Republican Party nomination.But Dole could only raise $ 5 million for her bid-compared with the $ 56 million George W.Bush raised.So Barriers lie ahead for Hillary if she wants to make history by becoming the first female US president.With the Iraqi war underway, she‟ll find it even harder.“I don‟t feel that our society is ready for a woman president.The enemy we face does not respect females the same way we have come to see them as equals.If we were not in this war,I would support a woman president,”said Chris Dildy, a computer engineering student.1.Up to the present, no woman has been elected president in the US.A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned
2.Bill Clinton will strongly support Hillary to run for the 2008 presidency.A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned
3.American people will elect a woman president of the United States in 2008.A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned
4.One of Hillary‟s campaign promises is to reform the nation‟s health care system.A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned
5.Germans elected a woman chancellor last year.A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned
6.Hillary has already raised a large anount of campaign fund.A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned
7.Chris Dildy will vote for Hillary.A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned
答案与解析：
1.分析文章标题：Will Hillary(希拉里)Be the Next(下一个的)American President(总统)?
2.直接解题：
1.Up to the present(至今), no woman has been elected(曾经被选为)president(总统)in the US.A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned
1.A.问题句说“迄今为止在美国没有一个女人曾经被选举为总统”。关注文章开头部分的句子，利用问题句中的细节信息词women(女人)和up to the present作为答案线索，在文章中找到答案相关句：(第1段)Back(向后地)in 1969, US President Richard Nixon confidently(充满自信地)predicted(预言): “In the next(下一个)50 years, we shall see(看见)a woman president(总统), perhaps(可能)sooner than you think.”该句说“1969年，美国总统Richard Nixon 很有信心地预测： „在下一个50年里, 我们将会看见一个女总统，这或许比你想象的更快些‟”。根据该句内容可以推断出在1969年以前美国没有出现过女总统，而人们期望从1969年到2019年期间美国会出现女总统。但根据该句内容无法判断出从1969年到2019年期间美国是否出现了女总统，因此接着关注答案相关句周边的句子。文章接下来的句子(第2段)说“Today,not too far(太远)off(离开，距离)Nixon‟s deadline(最终期限), America is looking at(正在关注)that possibility(可能性).”该句说“今天距离Nixon总统给出的最终期限已经不远了，美国人现在正关注这可能性”。相邻语句句意相关，显然，定冠词结构“the possibility”指答案相关句中提到的“可能出现美国女总统”。从该句中可以推断出“从1969年到现在为止，美国还没有出现女总统”。因此问题句提供了正确信息。
考点：指示代词结构指代的内容(that possibility)+ 推断能力
2.Bill Clinton will strongly(强有力地，坚固地)support(支持)Hillary to run for(竞选)the 2008 presidency(任期，总统职位).A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned
2.C.问题句说“Bill Clinton将强力支持Hillary参加2008年总统选举”。该题为细节题。利用问题句中的特征词Bill Clinton和2008 presidency 作为答案线索，在文章中查找到答案相关句：(第2段第2句)Over(在...期间)the weekend(周末), Hillary Rodham Clinton, wife(妻子)of former(以前的)president Bill Clinton, announced(宣布)her run for(竞选)2008 presidency.该句只是提到Hillary是Bill Clinton的妻子，而文章的其部分没有再提到Bill Clinton，由此判断问题句的信息在文章中没有被提到。
考点：细节信息的查找和确认
3.American(美国的)people will elect(选举，选择)a woman president of the United States in 2008.A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned
3.B.问题句说“美国人民在2008年将选一位女总统”。该题为细节题。利用问题句中的特征信息2008作为答案线索，在文章中找到答案相关句：(第2段第2句)Over the weekend, Hillary Rodham Clinton, wife of former president Bill Clinton, announced(宣布)her run for(竞选)2008 presidency.该句只是提到Hillary宣布她要竞选2008年的总统职位。显然该句内容与问题句内容不相关，因此接着关注答案相关句周边的句子。文章接下来的句子(第4段)说：However(然而), accepting(接受，认可)the theoretical(理论的)notion(概念，观念)of a female(女性的)leader(领导者)is quite(十分，完全)different from(与...不同)voting(投票选举)an actual(实际的，真正的)woman.In fact(实事上), there is(有)still(仍然)widespread(普遍的)distrust(不信任)of a woman in the top(顶部的;最高的)position(职位，位置).该句说“接受女总统这个概念不等同于同意投票选举出一位女总统。事实上，人们仍然普遍不相信女人能胜任领袖的职位”。由此可见问题句提供的信息错误。
考点：推断能力。
4.One of(...之一)Hillary‟s campaign(竞选运动)promises(承诺)is to reform(改革)the nation‟s health care system(医疗保健制度).A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned
4.C.问题句说“Hillary的一个竞选承诺是改革国家的医疗制度。”该题为细节题。利用问题句中的细节信息health care system(医疗保健制度)作为答案线索，在文章中找到答案相关句(第5段第1句)：This is partly(部分地)due to(因为)the biased(偏见的)thinking(思想)that women are weak(软弱的，虚弱的)on national security(国家安全), though(尽管)they might be strong(强大的)on education(教育)and health care(医疗保健).该句只是说“女人做教育和医疗方面的工作有优势”，但没有说Hillary的一个竞选承诺式改革国家的医疗制度，因此问题句的信息在文章中没有被提到。
考点：细节信息的查找和确认
5.Germans(德国人)elected(选择)a woman chancellor(总理，大臣)last year(去年).A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned
5.A.问题句说“德国去年选了一个女总理”，利用问题句中的特征词Germans和细节信息词woman chancellor作为答案线索，在文章中找到答案相关句：Last years, Germany made(使成为)Angela Merkel its first female chancellor.该句说“去年，德国选举了Angela Merkel为德国第一位女总理”，因此问题句提供了正确信息。
考点：多义词词义的确认。
6.Hillary has already raised(已经募集了)a large amount of(大量的)campaign fund(资金).A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned
6.C.问题句说“Hillary 已经筹集到了一大笔竞选款”，利用问题句中的细节信息campaign fund(竞选款)作为答案线索，结果发现该词以及与改词词义相近的词语均没有在文章中出现，因此判断问题句的信息在文章中没有被提到。
7.Chris Dildy will vote for(投票支持)Hillary.A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned
7.B.问题句说“Chris Dildy 要投Hillary的票”。利用问题句中的特征词Chris Dildy作为答案线索，在文章中找到答案相关句(文章最后一句)：“If we were not in this war, I would support(支持)a woman president”, said Chris Dildy, a computer(计算机)engineering(工程)student.该句说“如果我们没有在打这场战争，我会支持选一位女总统”，虚拟语气表示与事实相反，或事先可能性较小的假设。因此这句话得实际语义是“我们现在卷入了一场战争之中，因此我是不会支持女总统的”。由此可见问题句的说法不正确。
考点: 虚拟语气。
2010年职称英语综合C类阅读判断考点精华(2)
The Cold Places
The Arctic is a polar region.It surrounds the North Pole.Like Antarctica, the Arctic is a land of ice and snow.Antarctica holds the record for a low temperature reading-----125 Fahrenheit below zero.Readings of 85 degrees below zero are common in both the Arctic and Antarctica.Winter temperatures average 30 degrees below zero in the Arctic.At the South Pole the winter is about 73 degrees below zero.One thing alone makes it almost impossible for men to live in Antarctica and in parts of the Arctic.This one thing is the low temperature---the killing chill of the far North and the polar South.To survive, men must wear the warmest possible clothing.They must build windproof shelters.They must keep heaters going at all times.Not even for moment can they be unprotected against the below-zero temperature.Men have a way of providing for themselves.Polar explorers wrap themselves in warm coats and furs.The cold makes life difficult.But the explorers can stay alive.What about animals? Can they survive? Do we find plants? Do we find life in the Arctic and the Antarctica? Yes, we do.There is life in the oceans.There is life on land.Antarctica, as we have seen, is a cold place indeed.But this has not always been the case.Expedition scientists have discovered that Antarctica may have been much like our own.Explores have discovered coal in Antarctica.This leads them to believe that Antarctica at one time was a land of swamps and forests.Heat and moisture must have kept the trees in the forests alive.1.As discovered by expedition scientists, Antarctica has not always been so cold as it is today, so has the Arctic.A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned
2.Winter temperatures average 85 degrees below zero in Antarctica.A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned
3.The Arctic and Antarctica are no man's lands because of their notorious coldness.A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned
4.Polar explorers can stay alive without heaters and windproof shelters.A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned
5.Despite the hostile environment, both animals and plants can be found in the oceans and on land in polar areas.A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned
6.The lowest temperature that man has ever known was recorded in Antarctica.A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned
7.At one time, the weather in Antarctica was so warm and damp that trees grew there.A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned
1.C。文章的倒数第2段的第2句中提到了expedition scientists，并说南极洲那里的气候曾经一度象我们现在生活的地区的气候那样温和，但并没说道北极也是如此。
2.B。线索词及关键词average(平均)。第2段的最后1句中包含average一词，该句说“南极洲冬天的平均温度是零下73度。”，所以该问题句的说法错误。
3.B。该问题说“因为南极和北极的严寒，这些地区是无人区。”凭直觉判断这种说法太绝对，应该是错误的。注意：说的绝对的句子一定不正确。在原文中的第3段的段首句说“仅一个原因就使得南极洲和部分的北极地区几乎不可能让人居住。”，依据此也可判断该问题句不正确。
4.B。原文第4段的段首句中出现了survive(生存)一词，该句及其紧接的一句说“为了生存，人们必须修建防风屏障。”，凭借此判断该问题句的说法也不正确。
5.A.原文中的第6段中对极地动植物进行了论述，且其表述的含义与问题句一致。
6.A。文章第2段的段首句中提到了Antarctica，接着的一句说“南极洲保持着世界的低温记录。”，所以该问题句的说法正确。
7.A。文章的最后1段的段首句说“探险者在南极发现了煤。”，而紧接的一句讲述的正是该问题句所讲述的内容。
2010年职称英语综合C类阅读判断考点精华(3)
Dining Custom
Every land has its own dining custom, and the United States is no exception.Americans feel that the first rule of being a polite guest is to be on time.If a person is invited to dinner at 6: 30, the hostess expects him to be there at 6: 30 or not more than a few minutes after.Because she usually does her own cooking, she times the meal so that the coffee and meat will be at their best at the time she asks the guest to come.If he is late, the food will not be so good, and the hostess will be disappointed.When the guest can not come on time, he calls his host or hostess on the telephone, gives the reason, and tells at what time he thinks he can come.As guests continue to arrive, the men in the group stand when a woman enters and remain standing until she found a chair.A man always rises when he is being introduced to a woman.A woman does not rise when she is being introduced either to a man or a woman unless the woman is much older.When the guests sit down at a dinner table, it is customary for the men to help the ladies by pushing their chairs under them.Even an American may be confused by the number of knives, forks, and spoons besides his plate when he sits down to a formal dinner.The rule is simple, however: use them in the order in which they lie, beginning from the outside.Or watch the hostess and do what she does.The small fork on the outside on the left is for salad, which is often served with the soup.The spoon on butter spreader, on a small bread-and-butter plate at the left.As the bread is passed, each quest puts his piece on the bread-and-butter plate.1.At formal American dinner, the knives, forks, and spoons besides the plate are placed in a certain order.A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned
2.At a formal dinner, bread is usually served together with salad and soup.A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned
3.A woman usually rises when she is being introduced to an aged gentleman.A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned
4.At a dinner table, it is customary for the men to arrange chairs for ladies.A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned
5.As a country of immigrants, the U.S.does not have its own dinning customs.A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned
6.The right order to use the knives, forks and spoons at a formal dinner is from the left to the right.A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned
7.The guest is expected to arrive on time because the coffee and meat will be at their best at the time he is required to come.A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned
1.答案为A。该问题说“在正式的美国宴席上，盘子旁边的刀，叉子和调羹按一定的顺序摆放。”。答案查找的相关线索词：knives, forks and spoons(刀，叉子和调羹)。于是不难发现在第三段的第一句发现knives, forks and spoons，并在随后的一句发现提到了顺序。该句说“原则是按照它们摆放的顺序使用。”，所以刀，叉子和调羹是有摆放顺序的。
2.答案为C。该问题说“在正式的美国宴席上，面包通常和色拉和汤一块儿吃。”。答案查找的相关线索词：bread 和soup。于是不难在原文的第三段的四句中发现“色拉和汤一块儿吃”的说法，但并没提到面包，所以答案为C。
3.答案为B。该问题说“当一个妇女被介绍给一个年长的男人时，她通常站起来。”答案查找的相关线索词：woman(妇女)和an aged gentleman(一个年长的男人)。于是先在第二段的最后一句中找到woman和old(aged的近义词)。而该句说的是“年长的人的妇女”这种情况，而不是年长的男人，所以该说法不正确。
4.答案为C。该问题说“在餐桌上，按照习俗男人应为女人安排座位。”答案查找的相关线索词：arrange chairs for ladies(为女人安排座位)或该短语的同义短语/句子。于是不难发现原文中并没提到该动作，所以答案为C。
5.答案为B。文章第一段的第一句是说“每个国家都有自己的饮食风俗，美国也不例外。”
6.答案为B。该问题说“在正式的美国宴席上，盘子旁边的刀，叉子和调羹的使用顺序是从坐到右。”。这道题与前一题相关，在前一题我们已发现了涉及刀，叉子和调羹摆放顺序的句子，而该句说“从外到里”，所以应是从右到左，而不是从坐到右。
7.答案为A。答案查找的相关线索词：on time(准时)和coffee and meat(咖啡和肉)。于是先在第一段的第二句中找到on time，并在该段的第四句发现coffee and meat，再看该句的语义：“因为女主人计算时间做饭，以便当客人在预期的时间里到达时可以享受到最可口的咖啡和饭菜”，所以该说法正确。
2010年职称英语综合C类阅读判断考点精华(4)
TV Games Shows
One of the most fascinating things about television is the size of the audience.A novel can be on the best sellers list with a sale of fewer than 100,000copies, but a popular TV show might have 70 million TV viewers.TV can make anything or anyone well known overnight.This is the principle behind quiz or game shows, which put ordinary people on TV to play a game for the prize and money.A quiz show can make anyone a star, and it can give away thousands of dollars just for fun.But all of this money can create problems.For instance, in the 1950s, quiz shows were very popular in the U.S.and almost everyone watched them.Charles Van Doren, an English instructor, became rich and famous after winning money on several shows.He even had a career as a television personality.But one of the losers proved that Charles Van Doren was cheating.It turned out that the show's producers, who were pulling the strings, gave the answers to the most popular contestants beforehand.Why? Because if the audience didn't like the person who won the game, they turned the show off.Based on his story, a movie under the title Quiz Show is on 40 years later.Charles Van Doren is no longer involved with TV.But game shows are still here, though they aren't taken as seriously.In fact, some of them try to be as ridiculous as possible.There are shows that send strangers on vacation trips together, or that try to cause newly-married couples to fight on TV, or that punish losers by humiliating them.The entertainment now is to see what people will do just to be on TV.People still win money, but the real prize is to be in front of an audience of millions.1.The huge scandal of cheating in TV games shows was not exposed until 40 years later in the movie Quiz Show.A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned
2.the principle behind quiz or game shows is to put ordinary people on TV to play a game for prizes and money.A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned
3.Nowadays game shows are not treated as seriously as they used to be.A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned
4.Winners of present-day TV shows no longer get money from the shows.A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned
5.TV can make a beggar world-famous overnight.A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned
6.Prizes and money are usually provided by TV stars and large companies for winners.A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned
7.One of the TV personalities, Charles Van Doren was proved to be cheating by persuading the Show's producers to give him the answers beforehand.A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned
答案及解析
1.B。该句也是长句，所以首先要弄清楚问题句的大意。该问题句说“大量电视节目中的欺骗丑闻40年以后才在名为„quiz show‟的电影中被暴光”。答案查找的线索词：40 years和 Quiz Show。从第二段短末开始查找，不难从第二段的最后一句找到含有这两个线索词的直接相关句。不难发现原文并不是说“40年后该电影才暴光这一丑闻”，原句只是说“名为Quiz Show的电影在40年后才上演”，所以该句说法错误。
2.B。该句是一长句，解这道题的关键首先是读懂问题句的结构，了解它说的是什么。该句是说“猜谜节目背后的原则是为了让普通人参加赢取奖品和奖金的电视节目”。答案查找的线索词：ordinary people(普通人)。从第二段开始查找(因为问题一的答案在第一句的最后依据)，不难在第二段的第一句中找到含有ordinary people的相关句。对照原句和问题句，不难发现原句的结构与问题句的结构有所不同：原句中有代词：this，说“这就是猜谜节目背后的原则”，而代词往往指代前一句的内容，可见“TV can make anything or anyone well-known overnight.”才是猜谜节目背后的原则。所以该句说法错误。
3.A。答案查找的线索词：nowadays(现在)或 seriously(严肃地)。从第三段开始查找，不难在第三段的第二句中找到含有seriously的相关句。对照原句和问题句，原句说“这种节目仍然在电视上播放，但人们对它的态度不再象从前那样认真。”，与问题句的大意相符，所以这句话正确。
4.B。答案查找的线索词：get money from the shows(从节目中得到钱)。从第三段开始查找，不难在第三段的最后一句中找到与get money from the shows语义相近的词：win money.对照原句和问题句，原句说人们仍然可以赢得钱，所以问题句的大意与原句不符。
5.A。答案查找的线索词：world-famous overnight(一夜成名)或 beggar(乞丐)。从第一段开始查找，不难在第一段的最后一句中找到含有world-famous overnight的相关句，于是对照原句和问题句，原句说电视可让anything(一切)和 anyone(一切人)一夜成名，所以当然包括beggar，所以这句话正确。
6.C。答案查找的线索词：provide(提供)或 companies and TV stars(电视明星和大公司)。从第二段开始查找，但查找完全文也没发现这些线索词，可见该问题并没在原文中提到，所以答案为：not mentioned。
7.B。该句也是长句，所以首先要弄清楚问题句的大意。该问题句说“Charles Van Doren被证明通过劝说节目制作人事先给他答案来进行欺骗”。答案查找的线索词：Charles Van Doren(人名)和cheating(欺骗)。从第二段开始查找，不难从第二段的第五行开始找到含有Charles Van Doren的相关句，再找另一线索词：cheating，于是又进一步在该段找到直接相关行(7-10行)。对照原文和问题句，不难发现原文是说“为了吸引观众，节目制作人主动把答案事先告诉Charles Van Doren”。所以该句说法错误。
2010年职称英语综合C类阅读判断考点精华(5)
Most Adults in U.S.Have Low Risk of Heart Disease
More than 80 percent of US adults have a less than l O-percent risk of developing heart disease in the next 10 years，according to a report in the Journal of the American College of Cardiology.Just 3 percent have a risk that exceeds 20 percent.“I hope that these numbers will give physicians，researchers，health policy analysts，and others a better idea of how coronary heart disease is distributed in the US population.”lead author Dr.Earl S.Ford，from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention„in Atlanta, said in a statement.The findings are based on analysis of data from 13，769 subjects，between 20 and 79 years of age, who participated in the 1nbjrd National Health and Nutrition Exanimation Survey from 1988 to 1994.Overall，82 percent of adults had a risk of less than 10 percent, 15 percent had a risk that fell between 1 0 to 20 percent.and 3 percent had a risk above 20 percent.The proportion of subjects in the highest risk group increased with advancing age，and men were more likely than women to be in this group.By contrast, race or ethnicity had little effect on risk distributions.Although the report suggests that most adults have a low 10一year risk of heart disease，a large proportion have a high or immediate risk，Dr.Daniel S.Berman，from Cedars-Sinai Medical Center in Los Angeles，and Dr.Nathan D.Wong，from the University of California at Irvine, note in a related editorial.Aggressive treatment measures and public health strategies are needed to shift the overall population risk downward，they add.练习：
1.Elderly people have a higher risk of heart disease than younger people.A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned
2.Only 3 percent of US adults have a more than 10 percent 10-year risk of heart disease.A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned
3.More than 100thousandpeopleparticipatedinthe survey.A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned
4.There was a greater proportion of men than women in the survey.A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned
5.The distributions of the risk of heart disease are closely related to race.A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned
6.The 10-year risk of heart disease is low for most US adults.A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned
7.The US government will take measures to reduce the overall population risk.A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned 参考答案：1A 2B 3B 4C 5B 6A 7C
2011职称英语综合类C级：概括大意题目练习(1)
Successful Language Learners Some people seem to have a knack for learning languages.They can pick up new vocabulary, master rules or grammar, and learn to write in the new language more quickly than others.They do not seem to be any more intelligent than others, so what makes language learning so much easier for them? Perhaps if we take a close look at these successful language learners, we may discover a few of the techniques which make language learning easier for them.First of all, successful language learners are independent learners.They do not depend on the book or the teacher;they discover their own way to learn the language.Instead of waiting for the teacher to explain, they try to find the patterns and the rules for themselves.They are good guessers who look for clues and form their own conclusions.When they guess wrong, they guess again.They try to learn from mistakes.Successful language learning is active learning.Therefore, successful learners do not wait for a chance to use the language;they look for such a chance.They find people who speak the language and they ask these people to correct them when they make a mistake.They will try anything to communicate.They are not afraid to repeat what they hear or to say strange things;they are willing to make mistakes and try again.When communication is difficult, they can accept information that is inexact or incomplete.It is more important for them to learn to think in the language than to know the meaning of every word.Finally, successful language learners are learners with a purpose.They want to learn the language because they are interested in the language and the people who speak it.It is necessary for them to learn the language in order to communicate with these people and to learn from them.They find it easy to practice using the language regularly because they want to learn with it.What kind of language learner are you? If you are a successful language learner, you have probably been learning independently, actively, and purposefully.On the other hand, if your language learning has been less than successful, you might as well try some of the techniques outlined above.Paragraph 1
.24 Paragraph 2
.25 Paragraph 3
.26 Paragraph 4
.A Ways to Learn a Language Successfully
B Learning a Language Purposefully
C Learning a Language Actively
D Learning a Language Independently
E Learning from Mistakes
F Learning to Think in the Target Language Successful language learners derive conclusions
.28 Independent language learners rely on themselves
.29 Active language learners seize every opportunity
.30 The author wrote this text
.A to discover sentence patterns and grammatical rules
B to expand vocabulary
C to use the target language
D to encourage unsuccessful language learners to learn independently, actively and purposefully
E from clues
F to say strange things
答案：
23.A
24.D
25.C
26.B
27.E
28.A
29.C
30.D
Hints for Reading Practice
1.Most of us can find 15 minutes or half an hour each day for some regular activity.For example, one famous surgeon always spent 15 minutes reading something before he went to sleep each day.Whether he went to bed at 10 p.m.or 2:30 a.m.made no difference.2.“Speed Reading” courses teach students how to read more quickly.In such courses, teachers often ask students to find out how many words a minute he is reading.You can do this too: look at your watch every 5 or 10 minutes and write down the page number you have reached.3.Obviously, you should not increase your reading speed if you do not understand what you are reading.If you find something you don't understand in the book, or you cannot remember clearly the details of what is said, why not read the chapter again?
4.Take four or five pages of an interesting book you happen to be reading now.Read these pages as fast as you can.Don't worry about whether you understand or not.If you keep doing this “lightning speed” reading for a period of time, you will usually find that your normal speed has increased.5.Most paragraphs in an article have a topic sentence that expresses the central idea.The opening paragraph often suggests the general direction and content of the article, while paragraphs that follow expand or support the first.The closing paragraph often gives a summary of the most important points of the article.Paragraph 2
.Paragraph 3
.Paragraph 4
.Paragraph 5
.A The Organization of An Article
B Check Your Reading Speed
C A Way to Increase Your Reading Speed
D Check Your Understanding
E Read Something Every Day
F Read Extensively You are advised to read something before you
.In “Speed Reading” courses, teachers often asks students to
.You can improve your reading speed if you
.It will help you to understand the article if you
.A find the topic sentences
B find out the new words
C keep reading fast
D go to bed every day
E keep a note of their reading speed
F look at your watch every few minutes
【参考答案】23.B24.D25.C26.A 27.D28.E29.C30.A
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