第一篇：2015考研英语复习 小作文高分秘籍
http://www.xiexiebang.com/ 2015考研英语复习小作文高分秘籍
小作文考察的一般是应用文文体，多是辞职信、道歉信、感谢信等20多种类型。小作文不需要华丽的词藻和吸引阅卷人眼球的文采，它着重考察的是考生能否以言简意赅的词句及一定的逻辑性，它需要考生将题目中的要求表达清楚，这非常考验考生的总结概括能力，换言之就是看考生能否将事情叙述清楚，表意明确。大家在英语小作文的备考过程中，不能认为只要看两篇就可以了，同大作文一样，小作文也需要你下一番功夫，真真正正地去练习，才能让自己能够把握小作文的写作精髓。
格式多变需警惕
小作文满分为10分，因为其比较套路化，所以比大作文更加容易得分。但是，得高分的前提是要在格式、语言和要点等方面下功夫。小作文的格式多变，大家要引起重视，单纯因为格式的问题而拿不到高分，这对任何考生来说都是非常可惜的。例如称呼方面，英语应用文称呼有这样的特点，如果是不认识的人，一般称呼为敬词加尊称，像是Dear Sir or Madam，如果是写给关系正式的某团体或个人，称呼就要变为敬词加尊称加名，像是Dear Mr.xx或Dear Ms.Xx，另外对于关系较亲密的人可以直呼其名。正文格式一般是首段开头空四个字母，段落之间不空行，但是现在流行的格式是每段开头不空格，但是各段之间空一行。所以在格式方面大家可以根据自己的习惯进行选择，只要让阅卷人看得舒服，且完全符合应用文要求的文体就没有问题。
用词准确是基础要求
用词准确是作文写作最基础的要求之一。在一篇作文当中，句子的句型可以多变，例如既有并列句，也有复合句，还有从句，只要语法运用正确就没有问题，但大家的用词一定要准确，否则一切都是空话。另外，正式语言一般是写给具有正式的团体或机构，这种情况不能使用缩略语和口语用法。除了正式的文体以外，其他的文体皆为非正式文体，像写给朋友的书信等。一般来说，小作文的考查要求中会体现出写该篇的目的和场合，所以考生在写作时要注意针对不同场合使用不同语言，使交流得以进行。另外，考生也要注意不同的应用文有不同的用语。建议考生对某些应用文的格式和习惯用语加以熟悉和背诵，以便运用自如。
第二篇：考研英语作文最新高分秘籍
考研英语作文最新高分秘籍
一、背诵、默写范文
背诵不能不说是积极备战快速提高写作成绩的一条捷径。考生可以选择历年真题的范文和一些与真题作文相近的文章进行背诵。同时，基础稍好些的同学，可以背一下小作文的优秀模板，及大作文的模板框架和句式，然后依据模板进行训练。
语言要求：
用词准确：用词准确是最基本的要求之一。
语法正确：语法错误是考试的失分点所在，在小作文的写作中应尽量少用缩略语和口语。句型多变：既有并列句，也有复合句，还有从句。
小作文的考查要求中会体现出文章的背景场合和写作目的，考生应针对不同情境选择不同表达。不同的应用文有不同的用语，建议2015年的考生对某些应用文的格式和习惯用语加以熟悉和背诵，以便运用自如。
二、活用模板，注重素材的积累，适当加入自己的内容。
我们在初练写作的时候套用模板是正常的事情，也是一个必经的过程，只有先试用别人的东西，才能学习和积累写作素材。模板要活学活用，不要一字不差的照抄无误，而是要根据自己所要表达的内容进行更改。写作不一定要字字句句都是难词，长句，而是要学会运用一些常见词的常见短语去表达，这样才能真正显示写作的水平。这就要求学生在平时的学习中注意积累常用的短语或者词组，以备写作之用。
另外，关于写作素材，不仅仅指写作常用的词汇，句型或者语法结构，还要包括所用的事例。比如：2001年的写作真题，要求写“爱心”，第二段要求用实例证明主题。有的考生见题就写“我考试面临很大的压力，我的朋友是如何帮助我排解压力的”，这显然就是素材贫乏造成的后果。题目中的“爱心”是指“大爱”，陌生人互帮互助的心态。如果写“汶川地震，希望工程”这类事例，显然非常符合题目要求，而且事例又广为人知，比写“朋友如何帮助我”更生动，更有说服力。因此，在平常的练习中要注意从阅读中积累素材，积累词句，而不要仅仅局限于模板之中。
三、使用谚语，增加闪光点
有些意志品质类的文章，如果加入一句相关的谚语会让你的文章大放光彩。但是不能直接写句子。加一个模板句型：An ancient oriental philosopher said，“谚语”：一位古老东方的先哲曾经说过，„„有同学说西方的谚语为什么用东方的先哲呢?比如：Where there is a will, there is a way.是西方的谚语，中国也有有志者，事竟成的语句。文化都是相通的，可以放心来用。建议大家在闲暇的时候多翻看一下英文的谚语，积少成多，相信对大家一定有所帮助。
第三篇：2011考研英语写作高分秘籍 应用文
2011考研英语写作高分秘籍 应用文
2011年考研临近，考研教育专家根据2011年考研写作的命题要求，特别整理了写作高分秘籍与大家分享，希望能在最后的时间里帮助大家最大限度的提高写作能力！
第四篇 应用文
满分策略：
4.1信函写作：个人书信
语域使用：正式—使用礼貌表达，不用缩略语（对公）
半正式—可以使用缩略和口语表达（对私）
非正式（一般不考）——It depends
组成部分：称呼、正文、落款
4.1.1格式：称呼、落款、正文
4.1.2内容
三段（8句）：写作目的段、细化段、感谢或者期待。
4.1.3各种信函内容安排
建议信：2007年及2009年PartA真题及解析：
基本结构和常用句型：
Dear„
自我介绍，赞扬在先，仍需改进，提出建议。
建议细节
期望改进，表示感谢。
Yours sincerely
Li Ming
与投诉信比较：仍然以提建议为主：无需赞扬，直接表明写信目的—即提建议：最后无需感谢，只需表示期待改进。
常用句型：
I am writing with my suggestion about„„„
I would like to suggest that„
I hope you will find these suggestions helpful
I would like to extend my appreciation if you are so kind as to take my suggestions into consideration
We would like to draw your attention to something you have obviously failed to notice（投诉信）
I am writing to express my concern|dissatisfaction|disappointment about„（投诉信）
To improve the situation，it is advisable for you to take the following measures（投诉信）
We trust that you will now consider this matter seriously and make an effort to prevent the recurrence of this kind（投诉信）
致歉信：2008PartA真题及解析
基本结构和常用句型：
Dear„
表明写信目的：道歉
阐述道歉原因，并提出解决方法。
再次道歉。
常用句型：
I am writing to apologize to you for my failing to „
Here is my deepest apology for „„
I would like to express my apologies for not being able to„
I am writing to you with some embarrassment and many apologies.Excuse me for my carelessness in making such a mess
I am really sorry for the trouble.Would you mind if I „。？
Would it be convenient for you „？
To make up for the inconvenience caused，I would like to „„
Once again，I am sorry for any inconvenience caused.申请信：2006年PartA 真题及解析（申请信）
基本结构和常用句型：
Dear„
告知信息来源及写信目的突出重点的自我介绍，附简历
表示感谢。
Yours sincerely，Li Ming
常用句型：
I learnt from the newspaper that you are wanting an accountant and I would like to apply for the job
Sb，suggested me to write to you about the medical physicist position at ABC Med-Instrument Corporation
Enclosed is my resume to provide additional information about my undergraduate work.I would appreciate the opportunity to meet with you to discuss further how my qualifications meet the needs of your organization.Thank you for your time and consideration.辞职信：2005年PartA真题及解析（辞职信）：
基本结构和常用句型：
Dear„，写信目的表明要辞职。
给出辞职原因。
感谢栽培并表示抱歉。
Yours sincerely，Li Ming
常用句型：
I am sorry to tell you that I decided to quit the job of being a „职业。
I am writing to inform you of my decision： I am going to quit my present job.Please accept my apology.I have been trying in vain to convince myself that the job is interesting.I highly appreciate the invaluable experience and happy days working here.Thank you for your patience，understanding，and trust.询问信：考研英语大纲样题应用文部分（询问信）：
基本结构和常用句型：
Dear „，自我介绍，表明写信目的是咨询某事。
询问细节。
感谢及相关信息。
Your sincerely
Li Ming
常用句型：
27.I am writing this letter to inquire about „
28.I want to/would like to know „
29.I wonder if „
30.Would it be possible for you to „？
31.How should I pay for these books ？—by cash or by other means ？
32.Finally，if I order these books now，when can I get them ？ How will these books be delivered to my house？
33.I should be grateful if you could give me an early reply.邀请信：
基本结构：
Dear„，发出邀请。
为何邀请细节。
期望参加。
Yours sincerely，Li Ming
常用句型：
We are having a farewell party/a gather together/meeting/seminar in（place）on（date）at（time）。Would you like to come？（不太正式）
It is my honor to inform you that there is an academic meeting in（place）on（date）at（time）。（正式）
We would be too glad to invite you as an expert to our school for the inquiry of studying abroad.If you have no other plans for this weekend night，will you do us a favor of going to our party？
接收邀请与谢绝邀请的表达法：都要表示感谢。
Accept the invitation：
Success is the last persistence at the toughest moment.成功是最艰难时刻的坚持。
Thank you very much for your invitation.It‘s our great pleasure to accept your invitation.Nothing would give us greater pleasure than accepting your kind invitation.Refuse the invitation：
Thank you so much for your invitation，but I have had plans at the time.If you don‘t mind，let’s make an appointment next time when you are available.I regret that I can‘t make it because of a sudden illness/full schedule/business trip.范文解析：
Dear Professor Wang，It is my honor to inform you that there is a “Culture Festival” held in mu school.Would you like to give us an excellent lecture on Phychology in the auditorium of our campus on sept.13th at 6：30 P.M.？
Since phychology has caused more and more concerns among the students，and you are an expert in the area，we all expect your acceptance and your wonderful lecture.I very much hope than you will be able to attend and give us a talk in your branch.If you have any question.Please contact me.Look forward to hearing your lecture.Yours sincerely，Li Ming
感谢信：
基本结构
Dear„，表示感谢。
感谢缘由及内心感受。
再次感谢，寄予希望。
常用句型：
I sincerely appreciate your kindness and generosity.Thank you ever much for the latest information.Please accept out sincerest thanks for what you have done for us.（heartfelt gratitude）
I don‘t know how to thank you for such generous behavior.It is something that I will cherish for a long time to come.I am now writing to express my great appreciation for the timely help you offered.It was considerate of you to do me a great favor.I wish there were a better word than “thanks” to express my appreciation.Many thanks again for your generous hospitality.Words fail me when I want to express my gratitude to you.范文解析：
Dear Jim，I am writing to express my heartfelt gratitude.I am referring to that unfortunate accident the other day，when I was knocked off my bike by a taxi.If it had not been for your timely assistance in giving me first aid，I fear that the Consequences might have been much more serious.Everynoe agrees that it was your quick-witted 9 response in that emergency that has led to this satisfactory outcome„„
Although nowdays people in mounting numbers talk about the need to be unselfish，we see very few people practice what they preach.If there were more people like you，this world would be a much nicer place.Yours sincerely，Li Ming
祝贺信：
基本结构：
Dear„。，表示祝贺，为之高兴。
祝贺缘由，劳有所获。
寄予期望，取得更大成就。
再次祝贺。
Yours sincerely，Li Ming
常用句型：
Congratulations to you no getting the scholarship.I am just as proud as you can be of you and send my sincerest congratulations no your achievement/success/graduation.10
What wonderful news！I know how happy you must be at the news of your promotion/election.Please accept my heartiest congratulations on your graduation/getting such a good job.I am looking forward to hearing more good news in your studies and research work.范文解析：
Dear Mr.Smith，I was very happy to learn that you have been elected President of the Seotland-China Associatioin and Iwould like，on behalf of the Chinese People‘s Association for Friendship with Foreign Countries and in my own name，to express to you our warmest congratulations.I hope that during your tenore of office the relations of friendship and cooperation that already exist between our two organizations will be further developed.Let us join our efforts to make greater contributions to the promotion of mutual understanding and friendship between the people‘s of China and Scotland.Yours sincerely，Li Ming
慰问信：
基本结构：
Dear„，表示同情，进行安慰，11
鼓励其努力，在此表示同情，并希望其早日复原。
Yours sincerely，Li Ming
常用句型：
I just can not tell you how sorry I was to learn of your unhappy experience/injury/accident/divorce.I felt very sorry indeed when I was informed of your sickness.I wish there were something I could say or do to ease your sense of loss/to soften your grief.I know there were no words that can be a comfort to you now.I hope that you will soon be completely restored to health/get well again.Please don‘t hesitate to call on me if there is anything I can do now and always.范文解析：
Dear Li Gang，I was really shocked andsaddened to hear of your unhappy experience in the earthquake.There is little that anyone can say or do at a time like this to ease your grief，but I would express my deepest sympathy.In the next day or so you will receive a little package from me.I hope you like it，and that it 12 will be useful ai your present moment.What‘s more，please don’t hesitate to contact me if there is anything else I can do now and always.I do hope you will soon get well again and be able to come back to school.Be assured of my availability and eagerness to help in any way I can.Yours sincerely，Li Ming
4.2 备忘录/告示类应用文写作（Memorandum/Notice）
基本结构：
TO：
FROM：
SUBJECT：
DATE：（month day，year）
正文
签名
模拟题及范文：
Directions：
You are an active member of the student newspaper.The newspaper is currently looking for journalists for the summer semester.Write a memo that will appear in the newspaper next week describing the position available.Date： August 10，2005
To： All students
From： Li Ming
4.3 摘要写作（Abstract）
This article focuses on the „。
This thesis discuss/analyzes„。
This paper provides an overview of „
This paper presents up-to-date information on „
1、简单概括
2、描写画面内容，两句话描写一幅图。
3、点明中心：重点又是新起点。
This is a very interesting and though-provoking picture.1 as is vividly depicted in the picture，the goal keeper thought he was too small for the gate and was afraid that he could not keep the ball from entering the gate.But what the player，who was ready to shoot，thought about the goal keeper could not help us thinking the truth of the picture it conveys.In his eyes，the goal keeper was so strong that he had almost covered the whole gate.And little did he have the chance to win.2 obviously，the two players looked at the same thing in a different angle.3（in different angles）
简单概括
描写画面内容，每幅图分开描述，并递进关系。
点明中心，从不同视角看待同一问题。
2.现象简介
Today，advertisements is mounting numbers are appearing on the TV screen.1 they are not only shown before and after all kinds of programs —— news，weather forecasts and quiz shows，etc.—— but even interrupt dramas and movies，2 and annoy the viewers.3
1、概括介绍
2、细节介绍：怎么个多法儿——是节目前后和中间都有
3、带来的后果就是激怒观众。
3.寓意象征
What a vivid and accrate picture it is when describing the meaning of love in the dark.1 As is shown in the picture，the love is just like the light in the picture，which seems insignificant in the sun，but it certainly shines brighter in the dark.2 in other words，the darker the place is，the more precious the light will be.3 love is somewhat the same.It surely means much moer to the man who is in great difficulty than to the one who is in comforts.4
简要评价
对画面的简单描述。（结合love对画面进行分析）
寓意说明，符合题目要求
结论：灯光在越微弱的地方越明亮，爱心在越需要的地方越有价值
Species‘extinction in America.Facing the figures，we can only admit that America’s population growth has had undesirable effect on its wildlife and will still pose a formidable threat to its wildlife resources if sufficient care is not given.3
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1、总括介绍了图画内容（运用对比，强调后者）
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2、特别好的过渡方式：不是描述胜过描述
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3、结论：如果不足以重视，结果不堪设想
4、原因分析
（As far as I am concerned，there are several reasons accounting for the phenomenon.）1 First and foremost，the reasons for this phenomenon are that TV is the most efficient and rapid way of dissemination（传播）information.2 As China develops its highly competitive market economy，manufacturers and sales people（salespersons）need to inform the general public of the latest commodities that are available.3 Furthermore，TV stations use the money that they earn from showing the advertisements to produce more programs.Last but not least，it is necessary to keep consumers informed of the range of（the）products that they may choose from.（原文的过渡出现在下一段）
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1、阐述中心，或者引导本段。
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2、例举原因
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3、对已经提出原因的拓展
However，the tobacco consumption is experiencing a decrease，1 According to the given figures，the tobacco production in 1994 was 14.364 billion pounds while in 1995 it reduced to 14.2 billion pounds.This is mainly because 2 more and more people have become aware of the harm of smoking to human brings.Many of them resist the addiction to tobacco and advise people around not to smoke.Furthermore，governments of many countries realizing the serious effects of tobacco have taken effective measures to call on people to give up smoking.So I believe a healthy tomorrow of less tobacco will be achieved through efforts of every person.3
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1、阐述中心
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2、列举原因，this 作过渡词
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3、如果减少吸烟人群，可能产生的结果（注意命题的积极倾向，展望未来式很合命题者口味）
5、利弊分析
In the country，on the other hand，one can enjoy the advantages of fresh air and food，and a more relaxed（relaxing）life style.Housing is usually spacious and inexpensive in the country.I and，as for recreation，what could be more relaxing than a stroll down a country lane amid beautiful scenery？ 2 However，there are disadvantages of living in either the city or the country.3 City air tends to be polluted，and the streets are always crowded and noisy.In the country，on the other hand，the lack of stimulating activities can make a person feel bored and isolated.4
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1、列举乡村居住的优势
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2、对优势的拓展说明
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3、过渡说明：劣势开始
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4、列举无论城乡居住皆有劣势
6、举例说明
It seems reasonable when people laugh at the cartoon，but it would no longer be laughable when people find similar things taking place in our daily life.1 Recently there is a trend of making promises in various fields of our society.From departments of government to common shopping centers，many businesses who supple products of offer services have made various promises to their customers or service receivers.2 They assert their products to be of good quality or promise to offer excellent service.3 As a matter of fact，many of these businesses claim in the same way that（比较）the hen in the above cartoon promises to lay eggs.4
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1、过渡：第一段说到可笑，下面就谈不可笑——连接
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2、例子：商场、政府的承诺行为
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3、拓展：深化承诺行为的细节
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4、结论：同母鸡下蛋的承诺一样虚无没有价值
※表示性质，代替adj.=of +n.（小作文高分必杀）
e.g.helpful=of any help assistant=of any assistance good=of any good harmful=of any harm
The following examples will support this point.1 In schools，a unit-exam not only declares the end of the former unit，but also acts as a reminder of the preview work for the next unit.In the business field，what a CEO needs to do at the end of a year is more than review and summarize（review and summarizing）。It is the time to formulate and effective and efficient development plan for next year.2 Just turn back to the sports ground.（句号结束）although in front of the end there isn‘t a real start——arrowhead，there surely exists an invisible one sprouting（appearing）in every athlete’s mind，blooming（being）the training strategy of the preparation for next competition.3
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1、承上启下
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2、举例论证
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3、举例的同时说明结论：终点又是新起点，正是这种心态成为下次比赛成功的技巧或策略。
7、判断评论
It is clear that promise is what you claim you can do or you will do，not what you really are or you are expected to be.1 Generally speaking，it is good and sometimes necessary to make commitment to people，but promising what you must or should do can be considered a kind of cheating.2 What the cartoon really aims at is not the funny picture itself but to criticize this popular phenomenon existing in our society.3
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1、既点名了本段主题：谈承诺，又是一个定义，起承上启下作用。
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2、自己的建议。
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3、再次强调“承诺”这一社会现象。
8、问题建议
Child education has become one of the most popular topics discussed not only by educational experts，but also by people in all walks（职业、行业）of life.1 The failure of child education does more harm to the development of our society and our civilization than to the children themselves.Thus，it‘s high time that parents，educators and the government made concerted（共同努力的，同心协力的，conert得来）efforts to put an end to this situation.2（家长，老师和政府应该怎么做）
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1、引出本段主题，儿童教育的现状，用婉转的方式表达。
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2、本段结论：三方行动
In our life，what we need most is self-insurance and a proper view of challenges before us.1 Therefore，we should bear in mind that our competitors may not be as terrible（frightening）as expected，and our painstaking efforts will pay off as long as we arm ourselves with courage and confidence.2 Only in this way can we overcome any difficulties and challenges.3
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1、从自己角度提出意见
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2、具体行动的方法
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3、only 表示强调，以及建议的价值。
9、个人选择
All in all，I would say that living in the city is best（better），1 for the convenience the city offers in terms of education and work（job opportunities）；2 after all，one can always spend 19 vacations in the country——and get the best of both.3
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1、选择结果
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2、选择原因
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3、总结
As for me，I have always led a regular life.1 By everyday exercises，I build up a strong body，2 and by reading intensively I learn to acquire a proper attitude toward life.3
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1、个人选择或实践
※
2、选择带来的好的后果
※
3、拓展
10、现实运用
As we all know，children are the future of our country，Their healthy growth has therefore become a serious concern among many people.1 It should be made clear that too much care is not love.The real love and care for them are to prepare them for the future.When faced with difficulties，they can summon up the courage and exert their strength to overcome the difficulties.When faced with fierce competition，they can employ their knowledge，skills and experience to confront with their rival.2 This is the younger generation we can expect.3
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1、价值体现：孩子关乎祖国的未来。
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2、启示：重要的原因
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3、寄予希望
2007年范文写作
首段：图画描述：
This is a series of interesting and thought-provoking pictures.A goalkeeper，who is trying hard to keep the ball from the goal，sees himself as a dwarf.What‘s funnier is that the football-player，preparing to kick the ball，regards the goalkeeper as huge as the goal.The meaning conveyed by the picture is clear but profound.Both of them lack courage and confidence in front of challenges.中间段：寓意象征+举例说明
The majority of people would agree that everyone may feel challenged when a powerful rival appears in his/her mind.What divides them into successes and losers is their attitude towards confidence.（We can easily find the equivalent of the topic discussed here in our surroundings.）We，undergraduates girding ourselves for the NETEM（the Examination for postgraduate candidates），provide a good illustration.Some of us feel depressed when thinking that they are not able to prepare well，so they even give up the chance of participating in the examination.In fact，the exam is not as difficult as they suppose，and a little more courage and confidence will motivate them to achieve the final successs.尾段：建议+展望
Accordingly，it is the time that we placed great emphasis on building up our confidence.What we should bear in mind is that no one can overcome difficulties without confidence.（In other words，We should be honest about the challenges we face.）only in this wa we can se a right goal.challenge it，and achieve it.Tips：
1.稳重下体的部分是精彩的语言，即文章的高分点，希望同学们学习。
2.文中有下划线的部分是范文的错误，希望大家思考，然后改正，避免自己在写作时犯这样的错误。
3.再次强调，希望大家不要背范文，学习精彩的句式表达，背会，通过多练习掌握这些 21 句型。
小作文范文及解析
2007年Part A 真题及解析（投诉信
Directions：
Write a letter to your university library，making suggestions for improveing its service.You should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2.Do not sign your own name at the den of the letter.Ues “Li Ming” instead.Do not write the address.To Whom It May Concern，I am a student in this university who regularly comes to the library to spend ma spare time.Generally speaking，the services you offer here are quite good； however，I have some suggestions for you to adopt.And I would like to extend my greatest appreciation if you are so kind as to take my suggestions into consideration.To begin with，will you please prolong the time for reading？ In the daytime，most of the students are having classes，so they can‘t come to the library.Moreover，some of the books on shelves are out of date.If you are so kind as to provide us some books such as the latest magazines，we will be very pleased.I really wish to have a more comfortable library.Thank you for your time and consideration.Yours sincerely，Li Ming
2008 Part A 真题及解析（致歉信）：
Directions：
You have just come back from Canada and found a music CD in your luggage that you forgot to return to Bob，your landlord there.Write him a letter to
make an apology，and
suggest a solution.You should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2.Do not sign your own name at the den of the letter.Ues “Li Ming” instead.Do not write the address.解析
Dear Bob，I am writing to express my apology to you.Several days ago，I borrowed your music CD when I lived in your house.Unfortunately，after I came back from Canada，I found it in my luggage.Was in such an hurry that I forgot to return it to you.I will send it to you by post of expose as soon as possible.If necessary，I will compensate for any troubles it may cause.Once again，I feel so sorry for any inconvenrence caused.Please accept my apologies.Sincerely yours，Li Ming
2006年Part A真题及解析（申请信
Directions：
You want to contribute to project Hope by offering financial aid to a child in a remote area.Write a letter to the department concerned，asking them to help find a candidate.You should specify what kind of child you want to help and how you will carry out your plan.Write your letter in no less than 100 words.Write it neatly on ANSWER SHEET2.Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter，use“Li Ming”instead.Do not write the address.（10points）
解析：
To Whom It May Concern，I am writing this letter to you to ask if there is a child in need of financial sponsorship through the Hope Foundation.I am willing to give financial aid to those children who have not had a chance to receive education in poverty-stricken area.I would like to help two kinds of children：first，those who do not have a stable source which can cover their education fees，and second，those whose academic performance in school is excellent.I have decided to commit myself to save the necessary
financial aid required to accomplish my goal.I would also like to be kept informed as to the academic progress of each student every term.I have not doubt（There is not doubt）that I meet the criteria required for a sponsor and look forward to hearing from you.Thank you for your consideration.Yours sincerely
Li Ming
推荐信：
Dear，写作意图：简单介绍，自己与被推荐人关系，推荐他做什么。
推荐原因：被推荐人的相关工作经历或个性特点，应当突出与写信人的相关性。
感谢与期待。
Yours sincerely
Li Ming
解析：
Dear Sir，It is with a great pleasure that I recommend to you Mr.Li Lei，an outstanding accountant，for working in your firm.Mr.Li graduated from China Financial University in 1991，majoring in accountancy，After graduation，he came to our firm to be an accountant.In 1996 he obtained the certificate of a certified accountant，and in 2001 he was promoted to the one of the chief accountants of our firm because of his excellent work.In association with me，mr.li impressed me that he was a friendly and pleasant gentleman，devoted to his firm and profession.it is surely a huge loss for our firm that he has to leave us for some personal reasons.I recommend mr.li without reservation and believe you will find him a real treasure very soon„„
Yours sincerely，Li ming
2005年part a 真题及解析（辞职信）：
Directions：
Two months ago you got a job as an editor for the magazine design and fashion.but now you find that the work is not what you expected.You decide to quit.Write a letter to your boss，mr.wang，Telling him your decision，stating your reason（s），and making an apology.Write your letter with no less than 100 words.Wrte it neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2.Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter； use “li ming”instead.You do not need to write the adress.解析：
Dear mr.wang，I am writing this letter to apologize that I will quit the position as an editior for you are your magazine for the reason of myself.Two months ago，I was accepted by the design and fashions，as a member of it.I was deeply impressed by the kindness，diligence of all staff members around me.But during the span of working here，I have come to realize that the job probably is not suitable for me because I want a more pesceful life，such as a teacher.And you know that I am not an outgoing girl.I find that I am not able to devote all my efforts to a job which I do not reslly like.So I am awfully sorry to tell you my decision to quit.please accept my apology.Yours sincerely，26
Li ming
2009年考研英语大纲样题应用文部分（询问信）
Directions：
You are preparing for an English test and are in need of some reference books.Write a letter to
the sales department of bookstore to ask for：
detailed information about the books you want，methods of payment，time and way of delivery.You should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2.Do not sign your own name at the end
Of the letter.Use“Li Ming”instead.You do not need to write the address.解析：
Dear Sir/Madam，As a student preparing for TOEFL in the coming May，I am writing to ask if you have
Appoches to TOEFL complied by professor Wamg Sming and published by University College
Press in 2006（注意次序）
If you have the book for sale，I‘d like to mail order it.Pleasel let me know if I can pay for it.by money order or do you accept the credit card？
I‘d appreciate it if you could send me the book at your earliest convenience by EMS to the following address：
Li Ming
Room 158，student dormitory no.8
West campus，Beijing university
Beijing，100081
Sincerely yours
Li Ming
第四篇：考研英语小作文常用高分句型
考研小作文常用高分句型 应用文高分句型
辞职信 开头常用句式
This is to inform you that I intend to resign from my current potion.I am writing to inform you about my decision of resignation.I feel very sorry for having to give up my position as … I feel reluctant to give up my present job, but I …
I am sure it will come as no surprise that I wish to resign my position as…
结尾常用句式
I sincerely hope that you approve of my resignation.I am sorry for any inconvenience caused.Thank you for your caring and consideration in these several years’ working.I would appreciate it if you would accept my resignation before… Thank you very much for offering me the opportunity to work with the outstanding staff here.My best wishes for the company’s continued growth.其他常用句式
I have enjoyed working with you and the staff in … company in the … years.You have given me plenty of help and encouragement.I find it is inappropriate for me to take the position as … for the following reasons.I have expected the job to be interesting and challenging, which turns out to be the opposite.I will be able to help you find a replacement for my position.Thank you for all the patience, wisdom, and experience that you shared with me.There are a few factors involved that I find intolerable.Please let me to take this chance to thank you for the rewarding experience I have enjoyed during my employment.请求信 开头常用句式
I am writing to formally request to … We shall be greatly obliged if you … May I ask you to consider … Could you be kind enough to … I am writing to seek your assistance in …? I am writing to request you to make an investigation on the matter of … Will you be so kind enough to give me some information about … Would you be kind enough as to…? I would very much like to ask for your permission with this letter to…?
结尾常用句式
I am looking forward to hearing from you.Thank you for your kind assistance.I shall greatly appreciate your answering my questions.I would like to thank you for your generous help in this case.I should remain grateful to you for the great help…
I would appreciate your considering this matter and getting back to me at your earliest convenience.I do appreciate the favorable consideration you have shown to me.Thank you for your attention to these requests.其他常用句式 I’d like to suggest that… May I suggest that … In my opinion …
I would like to make a recommendation that… I am writing to advise you of… If I were you, I would… Could you possibly…? Is there any possibility of…? The reasons for … is that…
If you have questions, please feel free to contact me at…
建议信 开头常用句式
You have asked me for some advice on how to improve … I will try to give some useful suggestions.You asked for advice concerning(with regard to)… and I will try to make some suggestions.I have received your letter saying… I recommend that…
I am writing to you to present what I think on the further improvement of…
I am writing in reply to …
I am writing to express my views about … I would like to suggest that… I would recommend that… 结尾常用句式
I hope that my suggestions are helpful for your decision-making anyway.I would be more than happy to see improvement in this regard.Thank you for your attention.I believe that you will take my suggestions into serious account.Please take good consideration of my advice.Thank you.I hope you find these suggestions/proposals practical.I would be ready to discuss about this matter with you to further details.Whatever you decide to do, good luck with your studies/work!
其他常用句式
I feel that it would be beneficial if… If I were you, I would… You may consider doing…
It would seem to me that you could… As you may agree that…
求职信 开头常用句式
I am writing in response to your advertisement in … I would like to apply the vacancy of… I am writing this letter to submit my application for…
I write this letter to apply for the position that you have advertised in … I would like to apply for the vacancy of … advertised in …
I am writing to express my interest in your advertised position for … In reply to your advertisement in …, I beg to apply for the post of … in your company.I am writing to apply for the position that you have advertised in… Your advertised position of … interests me…
I am writing this letter to recommend myself as a qualified candidate for the job of … you have advertised on…
结尾常用句式
I would be most grateful if you grant me a personal interview.Any favorable consideration of my application will be highly appreciated.Your prompt response will be much appreciated.I should be pleased to attend for an interview at your convenience, when I could give you further details concerning myself.Thank you for considering my application and I am looking forward to hearing from you.I have enclosed my resume that gives details of my qualifications and experience.I hope I may be granted an interview, when I can explain my qualifications more fully.I should be pleased to attend for an interview at your convenience, when I could give you further details concerning myself.其他常用句式
I graduated from … University majoring in… I have been working in … since my graduation, and I have therefore attained a fair knowledge and experience in this field.Upon graduation, I first worked as… The following job was… and currently I am working for…
The kind of work in which your company is engaged particularly interests me.I feel I have the necessary qualifications and experience needed for the position for… advertised in the newspaper.It seems to me that my working experience, together with my education background, has given me an ideal preparation to assume the role of … in a firm such as yours.道歉信 开头常用句式
I am writing this letter to apologize to you for … I would like to express my deepest apology for not being able to … I am writing this letter to apologize to you for my failing to… I am writing this letter to express my regret … I feel dreadful about …
I must beg your forgiveness for … I am very sorry to say that … I am writing to apologize for … Please accept my sincere apology for … Here is my deepest apology for… I am terrible sorry, but…
结尾常用句式
Please allow me to say sorry again.Will you please accept my apology? I am sorry for any convenience caused.I hope you can accept my apologies.Will you accept my apology? Once again, I am sorry for any inconvenience caused.Please allow me to say sorry again.I sincerely hope that you will be able to think in my position and accept my apologies.其他常用句式
Would you mind if I change the appointment time? Would it be convenient for you…? I am really sorry for the trouble.It is very kind of you to ask us to … But, to our regret, we cannot accept it.I am sorry I cannot … and I trust that you will be able to understand.I want to let you know how regretful I am feeling now.I am sorry that I will not be able to … due to …
I hope that this does not cause you too much inconvenience.I want you to know how badly we feel about it and to assure you that it will not happen again.Thank you for being patient with us.In order to avoid … happening again, I have …
感谢信 开头常用句式
Thank you very much for…
I am writing this letter to thank you for … I am writing to express my sincere thanks for … I feel greatly indebted to you for … I really do not know how to express my gratitude for your help.I would like to convey in this letter my heartfelt thanks to you for… I am writing to tell you how greatly I appreciate all you have done for me…
I don’t know how to thank you for your kindness to me.I warmly appreciate for your hospitality.We are indebted to you for your help.With deepest gratitude I write you’re here few lines.结尾常用句式 Thanks again!I do appreciate it.I appreciate more than I can say.I must thank you again for your generous help.My true gratitude is beyond the word’s description.I feel most obliged to thank you once more.I am most grateful for your selfless donation.Please accept my gratitude as always.Best wishes for your health and every happiness.My thanks to you for your kindness and assistance when I …--and my love for you, always!其他常用句式
I am writing to thank you, on behalf of …, for the lovely time we had at your party last night.I feel deeply indebted to you and I really do not know how to thank you enough for your help.If it had not been for your assistance in giving me first aid, I fear that the consequence might have been much more serious.It is generally held that it was your quick-witted response in that emergency that has led to this satisfactory outcome.Thank you very much for your kind hospitality and the honor you showed me during my visit… It was nice of you to..Please have no hesitation in writing to me should you want me to do something for you…
It was kind and thoughtful of you to…
申请信 开头常用句式
Your advertisement made me unable to wait to write this application for the post because I think I have the qualifications you are seeking.I am writing to apply for the advertised post of … I would like to apply for admission to your college.I would like to further my studies in … department of your honored university.I would like to apply for the graduate program of … in your university.I would like to apply for the scholarship that your department offers to students from other countries.I am writing to you in the hope that I may obtain an opportunity to further my study in … towards a master’s degree in your university.I would like to apply for admission to your graduate school of..结尾常用句式
Looking forward to your favorable reply.I hope you will kindly send me an application form.Thank you for considering my application and I am looking forward to hearing from you.I greatly appreciate any of your favorable consideration of my application.I would be very grateful if you would consider my application and could send me some information about the scholarship.Thank you for your consideration.I look forward to your reply.I would be grateful if you can grant me an early reply about the result of my application.If any scholarships are available, I would appreciate it if you would send me the necessary application forms.I hope my academic background will meet your general entrance requirements for graduate study.其他常用句式
I have obtained my BA in … from University.I am a senior student now and expect my graduation next summer from … University.I major in … and did some research work during my undergraduate years.Since graduation I have been working in … which specializes in… Now I am particularly interested in…
Would you please send me the necessary application forms and any further details about …
I hope to further continue my research on …
Enclosed please find two letters of recommendation and my transcript.I am interested in your MA programs in …, and wish to enter this program.My background is as follows: …
投诉信 开头常用句式 I am writing to complain about/that…
I am writing to inform you that I am dissatisfied with you… I think it’s high time you realize… I am writing to make a complaint about…
I feel sorry to trouble you but I am afraid that I have to make a complaint about…
I am writing to express my disappointment/ dissatisfaction/ concern about…
I am most reluctant to complain, but…
I am writing to advise you that I find… inconvenient I wish to draw your attention to the problem / fault… that I bought… I venture to write for complaining about…
I feel sorry to trouble you but I am afraid I have to make a serious complaint.It is with great reluctance that I must inform you that … I regret to inform that …
Thank you for your … which arrived yesterday.Unfortunately, …
结尾常用句式
I would be grateful if you could…
I trust you will take my complaint seriously and… I will appreciate it very much if you could… I must have you fully understand that without a satisfying solution, I will reserve my right to take legal action.Frankly speaking, I am not prepared to put up with the situation any more.On the condition that this one proves to be unacceptable, I will receive a refund.I would appreciate it if you could…
I understand you will give immediate attention to this matter.I look forward to your dealing with these problems without delay.I would like to have this matter settled by the end of… I shall be obliged if you will look into …
I understand you will give immediate reply to this matter.If I must be constantly annoyed in this matter, I shall have to …
其他常用句式
The reason for my dissatisfaction is…
Under these circumstances, I find it difficult to… I can no longer tolerate / bear… For one thing… For another…
I hope we can manage to sort his out amicably.Therefore, I hope to change for another … or I declare a refund.We know that you are not generally careless, but we would like your assurance that this will not happen again.I recently ordered / purchased from you … I must protest against …
I find it appalling and distressing that…
I received such poor service that I felt I should bring to your attention.If I receive this type of treatment again, I will take my business elsewhere.询问信 开头常用句式
I am very eager to receive information about … I am writing for information about …
It would be grateful if you could furnish us with the information about …
We would appreciate some information from you about …
I am writing to see if it is possible for you to provide me with information concerning …
I would be grateful if you could give me some information about … I would like to know it you have some information about …
I am writing to see if it is possible for you to provide me with information regarding …
Would you be kind enough to provide me with some information about …?
I would like to have some information about …
结尾常用句式
Your earliest reply would be mostly appreciated.Your immediate response is enthusiastically expected.I would highly appreciate your prompt reply.I am looking forward to your due attention and quick response.We are looking forwards to your prompt attention to this letter.Thank your for your consideration.其他常用句式
Frankly speaking, I am quite ignorant of … Therefore, I am writing to ask for your help.I would be most grateful if you could send me information about …
Another matter I need information is …
Another point I am still not sure is that … I would also like some clarification on …
It would be great if you could supply me with the following information.I would also like to inquire if …
邀请信 开头常用句式
We would like to invite you to … I would like to see your presence at … May I ask you to consider … I would be most grateful if … I wonder if you could come to … We should be grateful if you could … I take the pleasure to invite you to …
It is with the greatest pleasure that I write to cordially invite you to … It gives me the greatest pleasure to invite you to… We should be very grateful if you could…
结尾常用句式
I would feel honored if you could come.I do hope that you can make it.I’m looking forward to your participation in … I look forward to hearing from you.I do hope that you will be able to come.I would like to meet you there and please let me know your decision.My family and I would feel honored if you could come.My family and I look forward to seeing you.We should be very please if you could honor us with your presence.Would you please drop me a line to let me know if you can come? Thank you for your time and consideration.其他常用句式
As you are a close friend of our family, my parents and I would very much like you to participate in the … and share our joy.The occasion will start at … There will be activities such as …
We should be very pleased if you could come and have dinner with us this evening.Would you like to join us to celebrate …? Would you care to come to my house for …? Would you please consider the possibility of … ? If that time does not fit into your schedule, please feel free to suggest a day that is more convenient to you.祝贺信 开头常用句式
It was exciting news for me to learn of …
Please accept my sincere/hearty/warm congratulations on … It was a great pleasure to send you my congratulations on … I was delighted to learn of your success /achievements in … You don’t know how excited and happy we felt at the news of … I am really happy to learn that you have been elected… It is with great pleasure that I hear of your success.I was very delighted to hear the news that you…
Allow me to convey my congratulations on your promotion to… Heartiest congratulations upon your …
结尾常用句式 Wish you good luck!We wish to share your honor and joy.I wish you success and fulfillment in the years ahead.May all go wonderfully in your new post!May every happiness be yours!All my best wishes for an even more prosperous future/successful career!May each succeeding year bring you great happiness and prosperity.Every good wish to you for much health, happiness, and prosperity!
其他常用句式 Good news travels fast!I am pleased to know that you have … It was a splendid performance / a great triumph.I know that… This shows that… I am delighted that…
I have just leant the good news that you…
Best wishes for your greater success in all that you undertake.I only want to let you know how happy I am for you.Working as … is an exciting way for you to play an important role in … It is with the greatest pleasure that I offer you my sincerest congratulations on your …
I am sure a talented person as you will make great achievement and live a fuller life.
第五篇：考研英语作文高分必备
考研英语作文高分必备
1． 开头超强公式一：名人名言
有人问了，“我没有记住名言，怎么办？尤其是英语名言？”，很好办：编！
原理：我们看到的东西很多都是创造出来的，包括我们欣赏的文章也是，所以尽管编，但是一定要听起来很有道理呦！而且没准将来我们就是名人呢！对吧？
经典句型：
A proberb says, “ You are only young once.”（适用于已记住的名言）
It goes without saying that we cannot be young forever.（适用于自编名言）
更多经典句型：
As everyone knows, No one can deny that„ 2． 开头超强公式二：数字统计
原理：要想更有说服力，就应该用实际的数字来说明。
原则上在议论文当中十不应该出现虚假数字的，可是在考试的时候哪管那三七二十一，但编无妨，只要我有东西写就万事大吉了。所以不妨试用下面的句型：
According to a recent survey, about 78.9% of the college students wanted to further their study after their graduation.看起来这个数字文邹邹的，其实都是编造出来的，下面随便几个题目我们都可以这样编造：
Honesty：根据最近的一项统计调查显示，大学生向老师请假的理由当中78%都是假的。
Travel by Bike：根据最近的一项统计调查显示，85%的人在近距离旅行的时候首选的交通工具是自行车。
Youth：根据最近的一项统计调查显示，在某个大学，学生的课余时间的70%都是在休闲娱乐。
Five-day Work Week Better than Six-day Work?：根据最近的一项统计调查显示，98%的人同意每周五天工作日。
更多句型：
A recent statistics shows that „ 结尾超强公式
1． 结尾超强公式一：如此结论
说完了，毕竟要归纳一番，相信各位都有这样的经历，领导长篇大论，到最后终于冒出个“总而言之”之类的话，我们马上停止开小差，等待领导说结束语。也就是说，开头很好，也必然要有一个精彩的结尾，让读者眼前一亮，这样，你就可以拿高分了！比如下面的例子：
Obviously（此为过渡短语）, we can draw the conclusion that good manners arise from politeness and respect for others.如果读者很难“显而见之”，但说无妨，就当读者的眼光太浅罢了！
更多过渡短语：
to sum up, in conclusion, in brief, on account of this, thus
更多句型：
Thus, it can be concluded that„, Therefore, we can find that„ 2． 结尾超强公式二：如此建议
如果说“如此结论”是结尾最没用的废话，那么“如此建议”应该是最有价值的废话了，因为这里虽然也是废话，但是却用了一个很经典的虚拟语气的句型。拽！
Obviously, it is high time that we took some measures to solve the problem.这里的虚拟语气用得很经典，因为考官本来经常考这个句型，而如果我们自己写出来，你说考官会怎么想呢？
更多句型：
Accordingly, I recoMMend that some measures be taken.Consequently, to solve the problem, some measures should be taken.写作的“七项基本原则”
一、长短句原则
工作还得一张一驰呢，老让读者读长句，累死人！写一个短小精辟的句子，相反，却可以起到画龙点睛的作用。而且如果我们把短句放在段首或者段末，也可以揭示主题：
As a creature, I eat;as a man, I read.Although one action is to meet the primary need of my body and the other is to satisfy the intellectual need of mind, they are in a way quite similar.如此可见，长短句结合，抑扬顿挫，岂不爽哉？牢记！
强烈建议：在文章第一段（开头）用一长一短，且先长后短；在文章主体部分，要先用一个短句解释主要意思，然后在阐述几个要点的时候采用先短后长的句群形式，定会让主体部分妙笔生辉！文章结尾一般用一长一短就可以了。
二、主题句原则
国有其君，家有其主，文章也要有其主。否则会给人造成“群龙无首”之感！相信各位读过一些破烂文学，故意把主体隐藏在文章之内，结果造成我们稀里糊涂！不知所云！所以奉劝各位一定要写一个主题句，放在文章的开头（保险型）或者结尾，让读者一目了然，必会平安无事！
特别提示：隐藏主体句可是要冒险的！
To begin with, you must work hard at your lessons and be fully prepared before the exam（主题句）.Without sufficient preparation, you can hardly expect to answer all the questions correctly.三、一二三原则
领导讲话总是第一部分、第一点、第二点、第三点、第二部分、第一点„ 如此罗嗦。可毕竟还是条理清楚。考官们看文章也必然要通过这些关键性的“标签”来判定你的文章是否结构清楚，条理自然。破解方法很简单，只要把下面任何一组的词汇加入到你的几个要点前就清楚了。
1）first, second, third, last（不推荐，原因：俗）
2）firstly, secondly, thirdly, finally（不推荐，原因：俗）
3）the first, the second, the third, the last（不推荐，原因：俗）
4）in the first place, in the second place, in the third place, lastly（不推荐，原因：俗）
5）to begin with, then, furthermore, finally（强烈推荐）
6）to start with, next, in addition, finally（强烈推荐）
7）first and foremost, besides, last but not least（强烈推荐）
8）most important of all, moreover, finally
9）on the one hand, on the other hand（适用于两点的情况）
10）for one thing, for another thing（适用于两点的情况）
建议：不仅仅在写作中注意，平时说话的时候也应该条理清楚！
四、短语优先原则
写作时，尤其是在考试时，如果使用短语，有两个好处：其
一、用短语会使文章增加亮点，如果老师们看到你的文章太简单，看不到一个自己不认识的短语，必然会看你低一等。相反，如果发现亮点—精彩的短语，那么你的文章定会得高分了。其
二、关键时刻思维短路，只有凑字数，怎么办？用短语是一个办法！比如：
I cannot bear it.可以用短语表达：I cannot put up with it.I want it.可以用短语表达：I am looking forward to it.这样字数明显增加，表达也更准确。
五、多实少虚原则
原因很简单，写文章还是应该写一些实际的东西，不要空话连篇。这就要求一定要多用实词，少用虚词。我这里所说的虚词就是指那些比较大的词。比如我们说一个很好的时候，不应该之说nice这样空洞的词，应该使用一些诸如generous, humorous, interesting, smart, gentle, warm-hearted, hospital 之类的形象词。再比如：
走出房间，general的词是：walk out of the room
但是小偷走出房间应该说：slip out of the room
小姐走出房间应该说：sail out of the room
小孩走出房间应该说：dance out of the room
老人走出房间应该说：stagger out of the room
所以多用实词，少用虚词，文章将会大放异彩！
六、多变句式原则
1）加法（串联）
都希望写下很长的句子，像个老外似的，可就是怕写错，怎么办，最保险的写长句的方法就是这些，可以在任何句子之间加and, 但最好是前后的句子又先后关系或者并列关系。比如说：
I enjor music and he is fond of playing guitar.如果是二者并列的，我们可以用一个超级句式：
Not only the fur coat is soft, but it is also warm.其它的短语可以用：
besides, furthermore, likewise, moreover
2）转折（拐弯抹角）
批评某人缺点的时候，我们总习惯先拐弯抹角说说他的优点，然后转入正题，再说缺点，这种方式虽然阴险了点，可毕竟还比较容易让人接受。所以呢，我们说话的时候，只要在要点之前先来点废话，注意二者之间用个专这次就够了。
The car was quite old, yet it was in excellent condition.The coat was thin, but it was warm.更多的短语：
despite that, still, however, nevertheless, in spite of, despite, notwithstanding
3）因果（so, so, so）
昨天在街上我看到了一个女孩，然后我主动搭讪，然后我们去咖啡厅，然后我们认识了，然后我们成为了朋友„可见，讲故事的时候我们总要追求先后顺序，先什么，后什么，所以然后这个词就变得很常见了。其实这个词表示的是先后或因果关系！
The snow began to fall, so we went home.更多短语：
then, therefore, consequently, accordingly, hence, as a result, for this reason, so that
4）失衡句（头重脚轻，或者头轻脚重）
有些人脑袋大，身体小，或者有些人脑袋小，身体大，虽然我们不希望长成这个样子，可如果真的是这样了，也就必然会吸引别人的注意力。文章中如果出现这样的句子，就更会让考官看到你的句子与众不同。其实就是主语从句，表语从句，宾语从句的变形。
举例：This is what I can do.Whether he can go with us or not is not sure.同样主语、宾语、表语可以改成如下的复杂成分：
When to go, Why he goes away„
5）附加（多此一举）
如果有了老婆，总会遇到这样的情况，当你再讲某个人的时候，她会插一句说，我昨天见过他；或者说，就是某某某，如果把老婆的话插入到我们的话里面，那就是定语从句和同位语从句或者是插入语。
The man whom you met yesterday is a friend of mine.I don’t enjoy that book you are reading.Mr liu, our oral English teacher, is easy-going.其实很简单，同位语--要解释的东西删除后不影响整个句子的构成；定语从句—借用之前的关键词并且用其重新组成一个句子插入其中，但是whom or that 关键词必须要紧跟在先行词之前。
6）排比（排山倒海句）
文学作品中最吸引人的地方莫过于此，如果非要让你的文章更加精彩的话，那么我希望你引用一个个的排比句，一个个得对偶句，一个个的不定式，一个个地词，一个个的短语，如此表达将会使文章有排山倒海之势！
Whether your tastes are modern or traditional, sophisticated or simple, there is plenty in London for you.Nowadays, energy can be obtained through various sources such as oil, coal, natural gas, solar heat, the wind and ocean tides.We have got to study hard, to enlarge our scope of knowledge, to realize our potentials and to pay for our life.（气势恢宏）
要想写出如此气势恢宏的句子非用排比不可！
七、挑战极限原则
既然是挑战极限，必然是比较难的，但是并非不可攀！
原理：在学生的文章中，很少发现诸如独立主格的句子，其实也很简单，只要花上5分钟的时间看看就可以领会，它就是分词的一种特殊形式，分词要求主语一致，而独立主格则不然。比如：
The weather being fine, a large number of people went to climb the Western Hills.Africa is the second largest continent, its size being about three times that of China.如果您可一些出这样的句子，不得高分才怪！文章主体段落三大杀手锏
一、举实例
思维短路，举实例！提出一个观点，举实例！提出一个方案，举实例！而且者也是我们揭示一个观点最好的方式，任何情况下，只要我们无法继续文章，不管三七二十一，尽管举例子！
In order to attract more customers, advertisers have adopted every possible stimulative factor in making ads, such as sound, light, colours, cartoon films and human performance.For instance, to advertise a certain food, advertisers will ask an actor or actress to sit at a table and devour the seemingly delicious food while they fime him or her.更多句型：
To take „ as an example, One example is„, Another example is„, for example
二、做比较
方法：写完一个要点，比较与之相似的；又写完一个要点，再比较与之相反的；
世界上没有同样的指纹，没有相同的树叶，文章亦同，只有通过比较，你才会发现二者的相同点（through comparison）和不同点（through contrast）。下面是一些短语：
相似的比较：
in comparison, likewise, similarly, in the same manner
相反的比较：
on the other hand, conversely, whereas, while, instead, nevertheless, in contrast, on the contrary, compared with „, „
三、换言之
没话说了，可以换一句话再说，让你的文章在多一些字，或者文邹邹地说，是让读者更充分的理解你的观点。
实际就是重复重复再重复！下面的句子实际上就三个字 I love you!
I am enthusiastic about you.That is to say, I love you.I am wild about you.In other words, I have fallen in love with you.或者上面我们举过的例子：
I cannot bear it.可以用短语表达：I cannot put up with it.因此可以这样说：I cannot bear it.That is to say, I cannot put up with it or I am fed up with it.更多短语：
in more difficult language, in simpler words, put it more simply
领航名师墨东博：考研英语作文模板--国有企业
As is vividly depicted in the picture , with a clear cracking sound , two bowls clashed into each other , in which the shinning one keeps its integrity , whereas the shabby one breaks into pieces.Just like being symbolically revealed in the set of drawing, the fact that the intact bowl, as a symbol of soly-invested companies , overwhelms the broken bowl representing the state-owned companies, with collision standing for fierce companies, profoundly indicates that it is time that our state-owned companies entailed reform especially after china’s entry into WTO when facing soly-invested companies abroad.To the popular mind , it is immediately assumed that when reform in state-owned companies is argued,it is car industry that is meant.To account for the above-mentioned phenomenon , several points should be figured out.For one thing, some of car industries once enjoyed the glorious past , They have ,however, gradually lost their market shares when soly ?invested companies were sweeping into domestic market.For another , in order to turn the corner ,the leaders of them should adopt the policy of reform such as acquisition, re-engineering and introduction of advanced technology and concepts of management.No better illustration of this idea can be thought than the example mentioned below, No 1 Motor Vehicle Plant has witnessed from predicament to rejuvenation through none other than effective steps mentioned above.Therefore ,no issue is as critical to individual and national survival and prosperity as reform in state-owned companies.Accordingly, it is vital for us to derive some positive meanings from this thought-provoking picture.It is ,hence, necessary that efforts be made to follow the spirit of reform concerning state-owned companies.On one hand, the government should make law to perfect irrational rules and regulations being visible in reform process.On the other hand, the leaders of state-owned companies should enhance the awareness of reform.Only by undergoing these steps ,can our more state-owned companies become members of Top 500 in the world, which, indeed, has gone to the heart of maintaining good momentum of national economy growth.一、要求：考生根据所给情景写出一篇约100词（标点符号不计算在内）的应用性短文，包括私人和公务信函、备忘录、摘要、报告等。考生在答题卡2上作答。满分10分。
注意事项：
1）格式：称呼，结尾，署名
2）简明扼要，清楚明确。
3）遵照要求，内容齐全。
4）言语得体，真心诚意。
二、备忘录
备忘录是一种录以备忘的公文。在公文函件中，它的等级是比较低的，主要用来提醒、督促对方，或就某个问题提出自己的意见或看法。在业务上，它一般用来补充正式文件的不足。它的内容可以分为以下几项：
书端（Heading）
收文人的姓名、头衔、地址（Addressee's Name, Title, Address）
称呼(Salutation)
事因(Subject)
正文（Body）
结束语（Complimentary Close）
署名（Signature）
写作注意事项
1、书端部分包括发文机关的名称、地址、发文日期，有的还包括电报挂号、电传号、电话号码等。许多机关有自己特制的信笺，在写书端时，其格式和标点符号的使用与一般信件的相同。
2、称呼从左边顶格写起，对一般机关、团体的负责人一般用 Dear Sir，对政府官员可用Sir。
3、正文、结束语和署名等项与一般信件的格式相同。“事因”一项目前采用得较少。
范文
Directions: Write a memorandum of about 100 words to the student service department and ask them to fix a telephone for each dormitory.MEMO
August 16, 2005
To: The leader of student service department
From: Li Ming
Subject: Telephone
Dear Sir，I would like to remind you that we are in want of a telephone for each dormitory.As a university student, we need to cope with the daily increasing communications with teachers, friends and people outside the campus.We need a telephone to get and send message, which is important for us.Though most of us have mobile phones and e-mail address, a telephone in the dormitory is after all the most convenient and cheapest tool of communication.I hope that you will pay attention to this problem and solve it as soon as possible.Regards.Yours,Li Ming
三、摘要
文章摘要是对所写文章主要内容的精炼概括。美国人称摘要为“Abstract”，而英国人则喜欢称其为“Summary”。
通常国际刊物要求所要刊登的文章字数，包括摘要部分不超过1万字。而对文章摘要部分的字数要求则更少。因此写摘要时，应用最为简练的语言来表达论文之精华。论文摘要的重点应放在所研究的成果和结论上。
国际会议要求的论文摘要的字数不等，一般为200字-500字。而国际刊物要求所刊登的论文摘要的字数通常是100字-200字。摘要的位置一般放在一篇文章的最前面，内容上涵盖全文，并直接点明全旨。语言上要求尽量简炼。摘要通常多采用第三人称撰写。
科学书籍、论文和学术报告一般都附有内容摘要，这样可以节省读者的时间，使他们不必读完整个文章就能够了解它的主要内容。书籍摘要，一般放在封二或封三；论文和学术报告的摘要，一般放在正文前面。摘要应做到简明扼要，切题，能独立成文，使读者能准确地了解书籍的要义。写摘要时，最好用第三人称的完整的陈述句，文长一般不超过200个词。
英文摘要分类
摘要分陈述性的（Descriptive）和资料性的（Informational）两类。陈述性摘要只陈述书籍或文章的主题，不介绍内容。资料性的摘要除了介绍主题外，还应介绍文章的要点和各个要点的主要内容。它可以包括三个组成部分：
①点明主题，解析文章或书籍的目的或意图；
②介绍主要内容，使读者迅速了解文章或书籍的概貌；
③提出结论或建议，以供读者参考。
英文摘要常见句型
1）This paper deals with...2）This article focuses on the topics of(that, having, etc)...3）This eassy presents knowledge that...4）This thesis discusses...5）This thesis analyzes...6）This paper provides an overview of...7)This paper elaborates on...8）This article gives an overview of...9）This article compares...and summarizes key findings.10）This paper includes discussions concerning...11)This paper presents up to date information on...12)This article covers the role of chemicals in...13)This paper addresses important topics including...14)This paper touches upon...15)This paper strongly emphasizes...16)This eassy represents the preceedings of...17)This article not only describes...but also suggests...18)This paper considers...19)This paper provides a method of...20)This paper introduces an applicable procedure to analyze...摘要题型写作要点：
① 动笔之前，考生一定要认真仔细地阅读所给原文，弄懂原文大意，掌握原文要点。
② 摘要的长度一般是原文的四分之一或五分之一，考试时应遵守规定的字数限制。
③ 在做摘要时考生切忌照搬原文。
④ 摘要应与原文的观点保持一致，并且仍按原文的逻辑顺序排列。
⑤ 重点反映主要观点，删除细节。
⑥ 简化从句，用简短的语句代替冗长的语句。
⑦ 检查与修改时，考生应重点检查是否遗漏了原文的要点或包含了细节。
摘要题型写作实例
① 试题题目
Directions: Study the following essay carefully and write a summary in about 80 words.We continue to share with our remotest ancestors the most tangled and evasive attitudes about death, despite the great distance we have come in understanding some of the profound aspects of biology.We have as much distaste for talking about personal death as for thinking about it;it is an indelicacy, like talking in mixed company about venereal disease or abortion in the old days.Death on a grand scale does not bother us in the same special way: we can sit around a dinner table and discuss war, involving 60 billion volatilized human deaths, as though we were talking about bad weather;we can watch abrupt bloody death every day, in color, on films and television, without blinking back a tear.It is when the numbers of dead are very small, and very close, that we begin to think in scurrying circles.At the very center of the problem is the naked cold deadness of one’s own self, the only reality in nature of which we can have absolute certainty, and it is unmentionable, unthinkable.We may be even less willing to face the issue at first hand than our predecessors because of a secret new hope that maybe it will go away.We like to think, hiding the thought, that with all the marvelous ways in which we seem now to lead nature around by the nose, perhaps we can avoid the central problem if we just become, next year, say, a bit smarter.② 原文要点：
1.continue to have the most confused ideas of death like predecessors
2.avoid talking about death
③ 参考摘要：
People dislike talking about death because they just like their predecessors still have the vaguest ideas of the issue.They talk about death only when million upon millions of people are killed in war.When they find only very few people die each time and the death rates are almost equal, they become very anxious, thinking that next time they themselves will meet their doom.Therefore, they fear very much.However, they have a hope that when they control nature, they can avoid death.(84 words)
开头与结尾用语
开头：Dear Sir, Dear Madam, Dear sir or Madam, Dear President, Dear Sales Manager, Dear Dean, Dear Professor, To whom it may concern, Dear Mr.Smith，结尾：Yours faithfully, Yours truly, Yours, Yours sincerely, Best regards, Best wishes, lovingly yours, sincerely yours，l 正文第一句
朋友：Hi!How are you?
Hello!I hope everything is fine.Hi!How is everything going?
如不认识：I was a guest at your hotel from June 25 to 28.I am a student at your college, enrolled in the computer course.致谢：Thank you for your invitation to the international medical conference on October 11.Thank you for your letter dated October 11.解释写信原因：I am writing to advise you for the loss of my credit card.I’d like to inquire about course details.I am writing to complain about/of the poor service at your restaurant.l 结尾段
发出请求：I am looking forward to your prompt reply.Please reply to us at your earliest convenience.表达歉意：once again, I am sorry for any inconvenience caused.Please accept my apologies once again.提出投诉：I expect to hear from you very soon.Please give this matter your immediate attention.常用信件写作介绍
1． 投诉信
开头：自我介绍，交代投诉内容，表明本信的目的和要求
正文：说明情况，讲清利害，分析利弊。告诉对方你因此受到的伤害或不便，提出解决问题的建议，表明希望如何处理。
结尾：表达希望问题得到迅速恰当解决的强烈愿望。希望尽快得到满意的答复。
常用句型：
I am writing to you to complain about….I am writing to express my dissatisfaction with/at…
I beg to call your attention to the fact that…
I wish to refer you to an incident which occurred…, calling for some remedial action.I very much regret to have to inform you that…
I am totally/completely disappointed/upset to find…
I find it awful/quite distressing that…
My experience in…on…(date)shocked me.I can hardly put up with it.There are some problems with the … that I wish to bring to attention.For one thing, there is….For another, …..I can hardly stand/bear/tolerate/put up with it any more.To improve the situation/solve the above problem, it is advisable for you to take the following measures:…
I look forward to a day when we could really enjoy a more efficient service.I hope that the above situation will be improved as soon as possible.If it is not properly settled, I would ask you to give my money back, or I would complain to the Consumer’s Association.I request you to be kind enough to solve the problem as soon as possible.应注意：
1）礼貌用词，不能过激。
2）提出希望/要求，句型要多样化。
3）反映问题集中，不要联想其他。
Ex.1
Last Saturday, you ate at a restaurant and found a fly in one of the dishes you ordered.Write a letter of complaint to the manager of the restaurant and offer your suggestions on this problem.2． 咨询信、请求信、说明信
开头：简要告知身份，表明写信原因或请求
正文：详细阐明询问、请求的具体内容、希望获得的信息。说明信应写明原因、实情及希望对方做些什么。强调所需信息/帮助的重要性。（按要求）
结尾：表达谢意，希望得到对方回复、帮助或合作。
常用句型：
I would like to inquire about some information concerning/regarding….I am writing in the hope that you can…
I am writing because I would like to…
Needless to say, your approval of my request will be beneficial not only to myself but to the company.Could you tell me what I have to do to…
It is sincerely requested that you…
My first question is that …
Should I need to send further materials, please let me know.If additional information is required, please advise me at your early convenience.Should I send you copies of my qualification in advance?
I would be much obliged to you if you could let me know the procedures I have to go through.Your prompt and favorable attention to my inquiry would be highly appreciated.Please render me some valuable advice which is conducive to my final decision.I am looking forward to a favorable reply at your earliest convenience.应注意：
1）请求内容/信息一定要详尽，具体。
2）语气要客气，委婉。
3）语言直接，具体，简明。
Ex2.For some reason, you need to borrow a book from a classmate.Write a letter to him or her to
1)describe the book you want to borrow，2)specify by when the book will be returned, and
3)express your gratitude.3． 道歉信。
开头：简单交代对何事进行道歉。
正文：解释事情发生的原因，消除误会或矛盾。
结尾：再次表示遗憾何歉意，表明愿意补救的愿望，提出建议或安排。
常用句型：
I must apologize to you for…
I am very sorry that..I regret to inform you that I will not be able to…
I am afraid what I have done has caused many inconveniences to you.I sincerely hope you understand that I offended you quite unintentionally.I believe you can understand that I have not intended to hurt you.I owe you an apology.It is my fault.I am to blame for this unpleasant thing.Please pardon/excuse/forgive me.I sincerely hope that you will kindly accept my apologies.I will try my utmost not to make such a stupid mistake again.I trust the settlement of the matter will meet your wishes.I hope you will kindly forgive my lapse of attention.I am so sorry to have put you to/into so much trouble.应注意：
1）事情原委要解释清楚。
2）说明情况与理由，实事求是，简明扼要。
3）态度诚恳。
4）用词委婉，语气温和，得体。
Ex.You have invited a friend over to have dinner with you one night, but just before the dinner you received an urgent phone call from your office and you had to leave immediately.Write a letter of apology to your friend.4． 感谢信
开头：表达谢意，提及受到的帮助。
正文：回忆该帮助，高度评价/赞扬对方，表达当时的心情感受。
结尾：再次表达谢意，提出回报希望。
常用句型：
I am grateful/thankful to you for…
I am much obliged to you for your help.I shall always appreciate the assistance you have given me.I am writing to express my thanks to you for the many kindnesses you showed me when I was in hospital.It was most thoughtful and generous of you to send me such a beautiful and fancy gift.Thoughtful considerate considerable
It’s very kind of you to help us.I hope you can know how much I appreciate your hospitality and your many kindnesses to me.Hostility
But for your help, I would not..If it had not been for your timely assistance, I am afraid that..Thanks from the bottom of my heart for…
With thanks from every one of us and best wishes to you.Again, I would like to express our warm thanks to you.I shall be pleased to reciprocate your favor when the opportunity arises.应注意：
1）开头要直截了当。
2）表明诚意，避免空洞。
3）态度热情
Ex.You got sick just a week before the final examinations and were sent to a hospital.One nurse treated you very well and you recovered soon.Write a letter of appreciation to the nurse(Miss Smith).Dear Miss Smith，I was just at your hospital when I got sick before the final examinations.First, I thanks for you could treat me very well and let me recovered soon.If it had not been for your timely assistance, I’m afraid that I couldn’t pass the exam.Thank you for the bottom of my heart for your help and service.Dear Miss Smith，I hope you can know how much I appreciate your kindnesses you showed me when I was in hospital.I got sick just a week before the final examination.I was so worried that I couldn’t take part in the examination.It was just you that encouraged me to face the illness bravely.So I recovered soon, and I got good results in my final examination.If it had not been for your timely assistance, I am afraid I can’t have recovered so soon and achieved such good results.Again, I would like to express my thanks to you.Sincerely yours，Dear Miss Smith，I am writing to express my thanks to you for the many kindnesses you showed me when I was in hospital.If it had not been for your timely assistance, I am afraid that I would be still in hospital now.I got sick just a week before the exam.You treated me well and I recovered soon.Now I pass the exam.But for your kindness help, I would not have passed the exam.Again, I would like to express my warm thanks to you.I shall be pleased to reciprocate your favor when the opportunity arises.Yours sincerely，Dear Miss Smith，I was a patient of yours one week ago, and I write the letter to you to show my appreciation for your help.It was near the final exam then, and without your hospitable and generous help, I couldn’t have recovered so soon, let alone to get a high mark on the exam.I shall always appreciate the help you’d offered me and I shall be pleased to reciprocate your favor when opportunity arises.Again, I would like to express my warm thanks to you.Best wishes，Sincerely yours，邀请信
开头：开门见山，说明目的。
正文：邀请内容（活动性质，地点，时间，日期），有关要求与希望。
结尾：重申对方参加的重要性，希望尽快回复。
常用句型：
I should be much pleased if you would come to our party on Friday the 15th at 6.I am pleased to invite you to participate in …to be held from…to….in..I feel it a great honor if you could..It is my pleasure/a great honor for me to invite you to…
We would be greatly honored if you could come…
I am writing to invite you to…
I am particularly anxious to have you join us.It’s a long time since I have had the pleasure of seeing you and I do hope you can come.We hope that you can come and look forward to seeing you.I will cover all the expenses involved.应注意：
1）用词清晰，简明。
2）邀请内容清楚。
5． 求职信
开头：说明信息来源，表明写信目的 正文：提供个人资料，询问相关问题。
结尾：表达愿望，提供联系方式，表示感谢。
常用句型：
I have read your advertisement in…for a(position/post), and should be grateful if you could consider me favorably as an applicant for the position.I wish to apply for the post mentioned in your advertisement in yesterday’s newspaper.I wish to apply for a position with your company.I myself like the job very much and I think my personality is well suited to working as a ….Honest, trust-worthy, reliable, enthusiastic, diligent, bright, smart, careful, patient, responsible, efficient, productive, versatile, open-minded, optimistic，I am confident that my experience and ability will show you that I can fulfill the particular requirement of your position.Born in…in.., I graduated from….University majoring in …..I have been working in…since my graduation, and I have therefore attained a fair knowledge and experience in this field.Upon graduation, I first worked as … The following job was ….And currently I am working for…
I intend to give up my present post in order to get a more challenging opportunity.With the kind of experience I have accumulated, I would expect a salary of not less than 4,000.I shall be very much obliged if you will offer me an opportunity for an interview.I am looking forward with great interest to hearing from you soon regarding my application.应注意：
1）适当展示自己（经历，才能）
2）不要言他
3）语言明确清楚，流露自信。
6． 推荐信
开头：开门见山，表明关系。
正文：称赞被推荐人（举例说明），客观介绍其相关能力，突出表现、性格与人品
结尾：作出保证，提出希望，表示感谢。
常用句型：
I am very glad to recommend you a former student of mine, Mr./Miss… to be a candidate for…
I am writing to recommend…
I have great pleasure to provide a letter for recommendation for Mr./Miss…
With reference to your advertised position, I have the pleasure to say that he is the just person you are looking for.He has proved to be industrious, responsible and skillful in carrying out his assignment.Besides being thoroughly honest and reliable he showed an unusual quickness and ability in…
I hope the above information will help you to know…
If you need any further information about his qualification, please do not hesitate to contact me.If further information about him/her is required, please do not hesitate to let me know/contact me
In view of his/her previous achievements in…, I am firmly convinced that Mr./Miss.., will make a successful graduate student/staff member.I would be most grateful if you would consider my recommendation and kindly offer him a…
应注意：
1）开门见山，简明扼要。
2）举例说明，客观叙述。
7． 表扬信
开头：身份简介，提及感谢的人，事。
正文：叙述经过，详细介绍值得表扬之处，表达感受
结尾：提出祝愿与希望
常用句型：
I am writing to tell you how highly I think of…
I am writing because I appreciate very much what Mr./Miss…from your company has done.I am greatly impressed by….What he has done shows that…
He deserves praise for what he has done.I am greatly inspired by…
It is your good service as well as excellent food that help you set up a world reputation.For this reason, I am writing to express my heartfelt thanks and hope that your company will have a brighter future.应注意：
1）叙述经过，明确具体。
2）上升到一个高度。
3）语言诚恳。
8． 祝贺信
开头：开门见山，说明消息来源
正文：回忆过去，表明感受，展望未来，提出建议。
结尾：表达祝愿
常用句型：
What exciting/thrilling news!
It’s good/sensational news.I was delighted/thrilled to hear/to receive the news that ….It’s the most joyful news I have heard for a long time.I congratulate you on/upon your success.Congratulations and all good/best wishes.Please accept my heartiest congratulations on…
Permit me to congratulate you…
We want you to know how happy we were when…
It gave me a great deal of pleasure to learn…
Wish you all the happiness in the world.I hope you will have nothing but joy and happiness in your life/career.All the luck in the world to you!
Best of luck to you!
范文：
Ex.1
Last Saturday, you ate at a restaurant and found a fly in one of the dishes you ordered.Write a letter of complaint to the manager of the restaurant and offer your suggestions on this problem
Dear manager，I was a guest/customer at your restaurant last Saturday.I wish to refer you to the incident that happened that day, calling for your immediate attention to the matter.It shocked me when I found a fly in a dish in the middle of our meal.I could hardly bear it.I felt sick.If it happens again, I am convinced that no one will come to eat here any more.It is advisable for you to tidy up/ clean up your kitchen as soon as possible.Please give me your immediate attention to this matter.Sincerely yours，***
Ex2.For some reason, you need to borrow a book from a classmate.Write a letter to him or her to
1）describe the book you want to borrow，2）specify by when the book will be returned, and
3）express your gratitude.Dear Jones，I am writing to ask for your help in lending me a book.Recently I’ve been busy preparing my graduate thesis, and therefore have been reading and researching numerous books and references.One of the books that my advisor believes to be particularly relevant to my thesis is called The Legal System in Society.Unfortunately I have been unable to find it at the library or in any bookstores.Do you happen to have this book? If so, may I borrow it? I promise to take good care of it and will return it to you within three days.Thank you very much.I hope to hear from you soon.Sincerely yours，Li Ming
练习题：
Ex.1
You live in a room in college which you share with another student.You find it very difficult to study there because he or she always has friends visiting.They have parties in the room and sometimes borrow your things without asking you.Write a letter to the Accommodation officer at the college and ask for a new room next term.You should prefer a single room.Explain your reasons.Ex.2
Your classmate and close friend, Jack, has just passed the graduate entrance examination and is going to study at a famous university in another city.Write a letter of congratulation to him.Ex.3
You stayed with a local family when you attended a training program in UK.You returned to your home country in a hurry and found that you had left your laptop in the family.Write a letter to the family, thanking them for their hospitality.Describe the computer and where it is and ask the host to send it back to you.Ex.4
You are a college student who applies for a part-time job in a shop during the summer vacation.Write a letter to the shop owner explaining why you are a suitable person for the job.Remember to ask him or her about the rate of payment.Ex.5
You are a college student who applies to a university for an MA degree program of the major “Life Science”.Introduce yourself and state out the reasons.Ask them to send the necessary information concerning the course.1.审题要认真
短文的标题是对全文的高度概括。通过认真审题来确定标题的核心词或者说关键词,依此来整理思路。因此,考生看到试题后绝对不能提笔就写,而是应该认真审题,看清题目的要求和提示,充分利用题目所提供的信息、关键词所圈定的范围,在确立主题后再动笔。
如 从标题 The Misery of Shyness 中得知,考生不但要解释说明 Shyness ,更重要的是要突出由 Shyness 带来的Misery。至此,短文要重点阐述带来了什么Misery。
2.文体要统一
正式文体的文章不宜用非正式的语句。有些考生在一篇很正式的议论文中用以下的句子做结语 OK, this is what I want to say.或是That’s my opinion.Do you agree with me？等等,使文章显得不伦不类。
3.主题要突出
标题如果是 Pollution from Cars 或 Air Pollution ,以下段落的阐述显得有些赘述 1 Part of this problem is the world’s exploding population.2 A growing population undoubtedly means more factories polluting the air.3 Besides, land and water pollution has also increased.4 Pollution is, in fact, threatening our health, our happiness, and our civilization.尤其是第三句,还有点跑题。
4.文字要连贯
一篇好文章要注重连贯性。连贯性主要体现在句子与句子、段落与段落的衔接上,这种衔接要通过过渡词语来实现,以达到文章通顺,语言流畅。例如 It is clear that television news can vividly bring into us dramatic events of importance, such as wars, games and soon, but it can not cover important stories in detail they may deserve because of its time limitation.On the contrary, print news excels in its ability to devote as much space to a story as it sees fit, though it can not compete with television visually.Besides, television is essentially a passive medium.Such as, but, because of, on the contrary, though, besides 这些过渡词把句子从语义上连接起来,形成一个有机的整体,读起来犹如行云流水,自然酣畅。
5.内容要一致
要删除多余的词语,否则, 一是破坏了文章的一致性, 二是有凑字数之嫌。如 Scientists fear that nuclear energy will one day destroyus.2 They say that the explosion of a nuclear bomb can kill millions of people and cause disease and deformity in later generation.3 Because of limited energy resources, scientists are studying the possibilities of nuclear power.4 And any failure from a nuclear plant may cause enormous damage to the affected area5 What’s more, up to now people have not discovered a safe way to dispose of radioactive wastes.本段中的第三句与主题不符, 也与第二和第四句不连贯, 应删除。
6.表达方式要多样化
词、句型使用的多样化不仅给文章增加了色彩和可读性,与此同时也可反映考生的词汇量和语言掌握的程度等。为避免文章平淡、呆板, 可使用不同的句式 强调句、倒装句、否定句等等。长短句使用合理相间,用短句表达有力的结论,用长句体现严密的逻辑关系。考生在举例说明的段落中尤其要注意词语的多样性。
7.考点要覆盖全
无论是什么形式的写作都有写作内容上的要求,一般为三个方面。考生在动笔前一定要看清写作内容上的要求,以确保文章覆盖所有考点。
8.语言要流畅
评分标准已清楚地告诉考生 文章要语言流畅、字句通顺、表达准确, 这是得高分的基础。
Last year the public spent two hundred million pounds on pet food alone, to say nothing of animal care bills and furniture.1 It is difficult not to feel resentful about this when one considers what the same amount could do for victims of starvation and poverty,2 and it is not unusual for me to get hot under the collar when I read about another old person who has left all his ／her money to a dog or cat home.这两句在表达意义上用词十分到位,随着两个 when 引导的状语从句内容的递进,主句对表现气愤程度的加强通过用词的不同而表达得淋漓尽致；排比结构的运用使观点更加明确 在1 中 It is difficult not 和 to feel resentful about this 与2 中的 it is not unusual 和 to get hot under the collar 词语表达极其准确。这需要考生在平时大量阅读文章时多注意积累好的语言表达。
9.首尾要呼应
上述几项被阅卷者称为闪光点 ,即加分的因素。除此而外, 更重要的一点是要注意文章的完整性,即首尾要呼应。
10.检查要到位
这个重要环节往往被考生忽略不计,而因为少了这个环节所造成的后果真可谓是功亏一篑。在阅卷过程中,时不时会发现 ourself、thinked、the person who are… ,而这些会酿成不良后果的错误完全可在一两分钟的时间内检查、修改完成。所以, 在写完短文后, 要耐心地再读一遍。
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