第一篇：英语作文高分秘籍
高考英语作文高分秘籍，非常管用哦！
（一）掌握技巧：
（1）注意篇章结构，合理布局
开始部分（opening paragraph）——说出文中的要点、核心问题。
正文部分（Body paragraphs）——围绕主题开展叙述、讨论。
结尾部分（concluding paragraphs）——对全文的总结和概括。
要做到全文中心突出、段落之间必须是有机地联系，内容完整、连贯。前后呼应，祛除与主题无关的内容.（2）确定主题句
主题句是对全文的概括，是文章的主旨。它能在文章中起到“画龙点睛”的作用。通常主题句出现在一篇文章的开头，而后，全文对主题句所提出的内容进行解释，扩展。
写主题句应注意以下几点：
①归纳出你要写的文章的几个要点
②提炼出一句具有概括性的话
③主题句应具有可读性，抓住、吸引读者。
（二）巧用连接词
要想使文章有整体性、连贯性，就要学会正确使用连接词
表示罗列增加
First, second, third，First, then / next, after that / next, finally
For one thing … for another…，On(the)one hand…on the other hand，Besides / what’s more / in addition / furthermore / moreover / another / also，Especially / In particular，表示时间顺序
now, at present, recently，after, afterwards, after that, after a while, in a few days，at first, in the beginning, to begin with，later, next, finally，immediately, soon, suddenly, all of a sudden, at that moment, as soon as, the moment
form now on, from then on，at the same time, meanwhile，till, not…until, before, after, when, while, as during，表示解释说明
now, in addition, for example, for instance, in this case, moreover
furthermore, in fact, actually
表示转折关系
but, however, while, though, or, otherwise, on the contrary, on the other
hand, in contrast, despite, in spite of, even though, except(for), instead, of course, after all，表示并列关系
or, and, also, too, not only … but also, as well as, both… and, either …or, neither …nor
表示因果关系
because, because of, since, now that, as, thanks to…, due to…, therefore, as a result(of), otherwise, so…that, such…that
表示条件关系
as(so)long as, on condition that, if, unless
表示让步关系
though, although, as, even if, even though, whether …or…, however, whoever，whatever, whichever, wherever, whenever, no matter how(who, what, which, where, when, whom)
表示举例
for example, for instance, such as…, take… for example
表示比较
be similar to, similarly, the same as, in contrast, compared with(to)…just like, just as，表示目的
for this reason， for this purpose, so that, in order to, so as to，表示强调
in deed, in fact, surely, certainly, no doubt, without any doubt, truly，obviously, above all，表示概括归纳
in a word, in short, in brief, on the whole, generally speaking, in my opinion, as far as I know, As we
all know, as has been stated, as I have shown, finally, at last, in summary, in conclusion，（三）掌握常用句型：
1.in order to
为了实现他的梦想，他学习非常努力。
He worked very hard in order to realize his dream.2.in order that
她拼命干活以便到六点时把一切都准备就绪。
She worked hard in order that everything would be ready by 6 o’clock..3.so…that
他们太累了，除了伸懒腰什么都做不了了。
They were all so tired that they could do nothing but yawn.4.such…that
天气非常冷，以致于街上一个人都没有。
It was such a cold day that there was nobody on the street.5.would rather do…than do
他宁愿听他人讲而不愿自己说。
He would rather listen to others than talk himself.6.prefer doing to doing
他宁愿在精心准备后去做报告。
He prefers making speeches after careful preparation.7.prefer to do…rather than do
比起女人，男人总是宁可在家睡觉也不愿花那么多时间来购物。
Compared with women, men always prefer to sleep at home rather than spend so much time shopping.8.not only…but also
在短短的三年的时间里她不但完成了所有课程，而且还获得了博士学位。
In just three years, she had not only finished all the lessons, but also received her doctor’s degree.9.either…or
如果考试过关，你可以买一个MP3或去云南玩一趟。
You could either buy an MP3 or go to Yunnan for a visit if you pass the exam.10.Neither…nor
他是一个无聊的人，既不爱娱乐，也不爱读书。
He is a boring man.He likes neither entertainment nor reading.11.as well as
他善良又乐于助人。
He was kind as well as helpful.12.…as well
这个小孩活泼又可爱。
The child is active and funny as well.13.One…the other
你看见桌子上有两只笔吗？一支是红色的，另一支是黑色的。
Have you seen two pens on the desk? One is red, the other is black.14.Some…others
每个人都很忙，有些在读书，有些在写作。
Everyone is busy in classroom.Some are reading, others are writing.15.make…+adj /n
我们所做的可以让世界更美丽。
What we do will make the world more beautiful.16.not…until
直到他告诉我发生的事，我才了解真相。
I didn’t know the truth until she told me what happened.17.as if
他夸夸其谈好像什么事都知道。
He talks a lot as if he knows everything.18.It is no use(good)doing…
假装不懂规则是行不通的。
It’s no use pretending that you didn’t know the rules.19.find it + adj to do…
我觉得作听力时有必要作笔记。
I find it necessary to take down notes while listening.20.It is + time since…
我已经有两年没见他了。
It is two years since I last met him.21.It is + time when…
我到电影院时已经八点钟了。
It was 8 o’clock when I got to the cinema.22.It is + time before…
不久我们就会再见面的。
I won’t be long before we can meet again.23.It is…that…
我最珍视的是友谊。
It is friendship that I value most.24.It is + n / adj + that / to do…
每个人都必须懂得如何使用计算机
It is a must that everybody should know how to use computers.7大姑8大姨的英文表达
表姑
Second cousin 表叔
Second cousin 表兄弟 Father's sister's sons;male cousin 表兄弟
Maternal male cousin 表侄
Second cousin 表姊妹
Father's sister's daughters;female cousin 表姊妹
Maternal female cousin 伯父/大爷
Father's older brother;Elder uncle 伯母/大娘
Father's older brother's wife;Aunt 伯叔祖父
Father's father's brother;Great uncle 伯叔祖母
Father's father's brother's wife;Great aunt 长兄/哥哥
Older Brother 长姊/姐姐 Older Sister 大伯
Husband's older brother;brother-in-law 大姑
Husband's older sister;sister-in-law 弟妇/弟妹
Younger brother's wife;sister-in-law 儿子 Son 父亲/爸爸 Father 高祖父
Great great grandfather 高祖母
Great great grandmother 公公
Husband's father；father-in-law 姑夫
Father's sister's husband;Husband of paternal aunt;uncle 姑母
Father's sister;Paternal aunt 姑爷
Father's father's sister's husband;Paternal grandaunt's husband 继父
Step father 继母
Step mother 襟兄弟
Husband of wife's sister 舅父/舅舅
Mother's brother;Maternal uncle 舅母/妗子 Mother's brother's wife;Maternal uncle's wife 妹夫
Younger sister's husband 母亲/妈妈 Mother 内弟/小舅子
Wife's younger brother 内兄/大舅子
Wife's older brother 女儿
Daughter 女婿
Daughter's husband;Son-in-law 婆婆
Husband's mother;mother-in-law 妻子/老婆 Wife 嫂/嫂子
Older brother's wife;sister-in-law 婶母/婶子
Father's younger brother's wife;Aunt 叔父/叔叔
Father's younger brother;Uncle 叔丈母
Wife's aunt 叔丈人
Wife's uncle 孙女
Son's daughter;Granddaughter 孙女婿
Son's daughter's husband;Granddaughter's husband 孙媳夫
Son's son's wife;Grandson's wife 孙子
Son's son;Grandson 堂兄弟
Father's brother's sons;Paternal male cousin 堂姊妹
Father's brother's daughters;Paternal female cousin 同胞兄妹 Sibling 外甥
Sister's son 外甥
Wife's sibling's son 外甥女
Sister's daughter 外甥女
Wife's sibling's daughter 外甥女婿
Sister's daughter's husband
界上最最恐怖的12个英语单词
1.honorificabilitudinitatibus 这个字是由27个字母组成的。出现在大文豪莎士比亚的剧本「空爱一场」Love's Labour's Lost里，意思是「不胜光荣」。
2.antidisestablishmentarianism 这个字是由28个字母组成的。根据范克和华格若尔斯编的「英语新标准辞」里面的解释，这个字的意思是「反对教会与国家分开学说」。
3.floccinaucinihilipipification 这个字是由29个字母组成的。「牛津英文辞典」里就有这个字，意思是「把某事的价值加以抹杀的行为或习惯」。
4.supercalifragilisticexpiadocious 这个字是由34个字母组成的。出现在一部名叫Mary Poppins的电影里，意思是「好」。
5.hepaticocholecystostcholecystntenterostomy 这个字是由40个字母组成的。出现在高德编的「医学辞典」里,为一个外科术语，亦即在胆囊与胆管之间或肠子与胆囊之间接人工管子的手术。
6.pneumonoultramicyoscpicailicovolcanoconiosis 这个字是由45个字母组成的。出现在韦氏辞典第八版的版本中意思是「吸入硅酸盐细末或石英岩灰而形成的肺尘埃沉着病」。矿工特别容易得这种病。
7.Antipericatametaanaparcircumvolutiorectumgustpoops of the Coprofied 这个字是由50个字母组成的。有个图书馆的书架上，陈列着法国作家拉伯雷着的「葛甘塔和潘特古」故事系列。其中有一本，书名就是这个长长的英文字。
8.osseocaynisanguineoviscericartilagininervomedullary 这个字是由51个字母组成的。它是人体构造一术语，曾出现在英国作家皮考克(Thomas Love Peacock,1785-1866)那本名叫的小说中。
9.aequeosalinocalcalinoceraceoaluminosocupreovitriolie 这个字是由52个字母组成的。它是英国医学作者爱德华.史特罗哲创造的字，专用来形容英格兰格洛斯特夏布瑞斯陀这个地方的矿泉水成分。10.bababadalgharaghtakamminarronnkonnbronntonnerronntuonnthunntrovarrhounawnskawntoohoohoordenenthurnuk 这个字是由100个字母组成的。就出现在爱尔兰作家乔埃斯作Finnegans Wake的扉页，象征，代表亚当和夏娃的堕落。
11.lopadotemachoselachogaleokranioleipsanodrimhypotrimmatosilphioparaomelitokatakechymenokichlepikossyphophattoperisteralektryonoptekephalliokigklopeleiolagoiosiraiosiraiobaphetraganopterygon 这个字是由182个字母组成的。它是从希腊字英译过来的英文字，源出自希腊喜剧作家亚里斯多芬尼斯的剧本The Ecclesiazusae中。它是指由剩余的菜和牛肉函煮而成的辣味食物。
12.1913个字母，“色氨酸合成酶A蛋白质”（一种含有267种氨基酸酶）的化学名： MethionylglutaminylarginyltyrosylglutamylserylleucylphenylalanylalanylglutaminylleucyllysylglutamylarginyllysylglutamylglycylalanylphenylalanylvalylprolyphenylalanYlvalythreonylleucylglycylaspartylprolylglycylisoleucylglutamylglutaminylsErylleucyllysylisoleucylaspartylthreonylleucylIsoleucylglutamylalanylglycylalanylasparthlalanylleucylglutamylleucylglycylisoleucylprolylphenylalanylseRylaspartylprolylleucylalanylaspartylglycylpRolylthreOnylisoleucylglutaminylasPfraginylalanylthreonylleucylarfinylalanylphenylalanylalanylalanylglycylvalythreonylprolylalanylglutaminylcysteinylphenylalanylglutamylmethionylleucylalanylleuOylisoleucylarginylglutaminyllysyhistidylprolylthreonylisoleucylprolylisoleucylglycylleucylmethionyltyrosylalanylasparaginylleucylvalylphenylalanylasparaginyllysyglycylisoleucylaspartylglutamylphenylalanylthrosylalanylglutaminylcysteinylglutamyllysylvalylglycylvalylaspartylserylvalylleucylvalylalnylaspartylvalylprolylvalylglUtaminylglutamylserylalanylprolylphenylalanylarginylglutaminylalanylalanylleucylarginylhistidylasparaginyvalylalanylprolylisoleucylprolylisoleucylphenylalanylisoleucylphenylalanylisoleucylcysteinylprolylprolylaspartylalanylaspartylaspartylaspartylleucylleucylarginylglutaminylisoleucylalanylseryltyrosylglycylarginylglycyltyrosylthreonyltyrOsylleucylleucylserylarginylalanylglycylvalylthreonylglycylalanylglutamYlasparainylarginylalanylalanylleucylprolylleucylasparaginylhistidylleucylValylalanyllysylleucyllysylglutamyltyrosylasparaginylalanylalanylprolylprolylleucylglutaminylglgycylphenylalanylglycylisoleucylserylalanylprolylaspartylglutaminylvalyllysylalanylalanylisoleucylaspartylalanylglycylalanylalanylglycylalanylisoleucylserylglycylserylalanylisoleucylvalyllysylisoIeucylisoleucylglutamylglutaminylHistidylasparaginyliSoleucylglutamylprolylglutamyllysylmethionylleucylalanylalanylleucyllysylvalylphenylalanylcalylglutaminylprolylmethionlysylalanylalanylthreonylarginylserine
第二篇：考研英语作文最新高分秘籍
考研英语作文最新高分秘籍
一、背诵、默写范文
背诵不能不说是积极备战快速提高写作成绩的一条捷径。考生可以选择历年真题的范文和一些与真题作文相近的文章进行背诵。同时，基础稍好些的同学，可以背一下小作文的优秀模板，及大作文的模板框架和句式，然后依据模板进行训练。
语言要求：
用词准确：用词准确是最基本的要求之一。
语法正确：语法错误是考试的失分点所在，在小作文的写作中应尽量少用缩略语和口语。句型多变：既有并列句，也有复合句，还有从句。
小作文的考查要求中会体现出文章的背景场合和写作目的，考生应针对不同情境选择不同表达。不同的应用文有不同的用语，建议2015年的考生对某些应用文的格式和习惯用语加以熟悉和背诵，以便运用自如。
二、活用模板，注重素材的积累，适当加入自己的内容。
我们在初练写作的时候套用模板是正常的事情，也是一个必经的过程，只有先试用别人的东西，才能学习和积累写作素材。模板要活学活用，不要一字不差的照抄无误，而是要根据自己所要表达的内容进行更改。写作不一定要字字句句都是难词，长句，而是要学会运用一些常见词的常见短语去表达，这样才能真正显示写作的水平。这就要求学生在平时的学习中注意积累常用的短语或者词组，以备写作之用。
另外，关于写作素材，不仅仅指写作常用的词汇，句型或者语法结构，还要包括所用的事例。比如：2001年的写作真题，要求写“爱心”，第二段要求用实例证明主题。有的考生见题就写“我考试面临很大的压力，我的朋友是如何帮助我排解压力的”，这显然就是素材贫乏造成的后果。题目中的“爱心”是指“大爱”，陌生人互帮互助的心态。如果写“汶川地震，希望工程”这类事例，显然非常符合题目要求，而且事例又广为人知，比写“朋友如何帮助我”更生动，更有说服力。因此，在平常的练习中要注意从阅读中积累素材，积累词句，而不要仅仅局限于模板之中。
三、使用谚语，增加闪光点
有些意志品质类的文章，如果加入一句相关的谚语会让你的文章大放光彩。但是不能直接写句子。加一个模板句型：An ancient oriental philosopher said，“谚语”：一位古老东方的先哲曾经说过，„„有同学说西方的谚语为什么用东方的先哲呢?比如：Where there is a will, there is a way.是西方的谚语，中国也有有志者，事竟成的语句。文化都是相通的，可以放心来用。建议大家在闲暇的时候多翻看一下英文的谚语，积少成多，相信对大家一定有所帮助。
第三篇：中考作文高分秘籍
中考作文高分秘籍
一、好卷面。美观的字，整洁的卷面。卷面是“脸”
二、巧立意。
立意新颖，别致，深刻的文章。立意 是“灵魂”。立意决定着一篇文章怎样写，写什么，如何谋篇布局，如何裁剪等。立意：文章的中心论点新颖，一是要能说出别人未曾说过的话，未曾想 到的观点；二指在别人观点基础上得出更新更深的结论；三指发现与别人的观点相对或相反的看法，即所谓的“反弹琵琶”。
1要有些自己高远深刻的立意。○2要善于观察、善于思考，对待事物要有自己独立、独特的立意。○
三、慎构思。
即确定文章主题中心之后，要考虑怎么样来表现这个中心，选取什么样的材料来表现与谋篇布局。构思，是立意后关键的一步。一篇文章的纲，应首先想好，有了纲，文章就有层次、有条理，有轻重安排，有详略取舍。
四、精选才。即要精心选择新鲜、新颖的材料，以丰富或者适当的材料来表达文章中心。
五、妙安排。
安排，在这里指文章的结构，也就是把不同的材料有机的组合在一起。结构，就是文章材料的安排，文章个部分之间的关系。在结构安排上，有两种很有规律、很容易掌握的方法，即小标题法和排比段法。
小标题法：根据需要把多个材料进行提炼，用一个小小的标题总领本部分。
排比断法：即文章每一段落或几个重要段落的开头，使用排比句，构成排比段。这种方式最适合用于抒情色彩较浓的文章。
六、美言辞。
言辞指文章的语言。生动细致或者朴实准确的语言都能传达出作者的内心感情，优美的语言往往领评卷者叹赏，给出高分。
文章的三大要素：思想内容；组织结构；语言表达。
1、首先要使自己的语言美。
语言美：包括优雅美和质朴美。优雅美，要求作者有较深的文学素养，在遣词造句方面有独到的功力，能将语言组织的富有美感，生动形象，使读者如沐春风的新鲜感受；质朴美，体现在词语的组织和句子的组织，整体风格上要有本色，用词准确而不华丽，句式变化不多而能很好地表达情意，整体风格给人一种质朴、厚道的感觉。
2、要使自己的语言有鲜明的时代特征。只有保持心灵对时代的新鲜特征，及时了解语言的发展变化，才能在文章中使用富有新鲜感的词语，才能使自己的文章具有语言新这一特征。
七、新角度。
指在表现同一主题各自不同的切入点，是对同一主题从不同的方面或侧面进行阐释。在下笔之前想一想，选什么角度，用什么材料，这样写出来的作文才有可能是新颖的。要想写出新颖的家角度，首先在选材和构思上要下一番功夫。在选材和构思上，要想一想别人写这篇文章时大致会从什么角度去写，会选用什么材料，把自己所了解的材料仔细的琢磨一下，看是不是独特和新颖，是就写下去，不是就另外再找角度写。
八、多手法。
手法在这里指写作文时选用到的种种表现方法、方式或手段，用新颖的手法来表现主题也可给人耳目一新的感觉，作文自然可以得高分。
表现手法还应该指更广泛的内容，包括人称和角色的变化，行文方式的变化，语言风格的变化，联想方法的变化，叙述方法的变化等。人称和角色的变化可以使文章在手法上显得新颖。行文方式新也是手法新颖的一种表现。
九、抓主流。注意文章立意的正面性和主流性，内容思想的健康型。在要求考生写出真实情感的前提下，更倾向于友情、亲情、孝心、坚强、求真、友善、热爱社会和祖国等积极向上的主题。
抓主流之一是对老师的赞美。在文章和材料上选择表现老师伟大的精神、崇高品格、美好人格辛勤劳动的内容，让评卷者在读你的文章时内心充满喜悦和欢乐，使他们在沾沾自喜之中把高分给你。当然这种赞美是恰当的、合适的、发自真心的，决不可虚伪、做作和肉麻。
第四篇：2011考研英语写作高分秘籍 应用文
2011考研英语写作高分秘籍 应用文
2011年考研临近，考研教育专家根据2011年考研写作的命题要求，特别整理了写作高分秘籍与大家分享，希望能在最后的时间里帮助大家最大限度的提高写作能力！
第四篇 应用文
满分策略：
4.1信函写作：个人书信
语域使用：正式—使用礼貌表达，不用缩略语（对公）
半正式—可以使用缩略和口语表达（对私）
非正式（一般不考）——It depends
组成部分：称呼、正文、落款
4.1.1格式：称呼、落款、正文
4.1.2内容
三段（8句）：写作目的段、细化段、感谢或者期待。
4.1.3各种信函内容安排
建议信：2007年及2009年PartA真题及解析：
基本结构和常用句型：
Dear„
自我介绍，赞扬在先，仍需改进，提出建议。
建议细节
期望改进，表示感谢。
Yours sincerely
Li Ming
与投诉信比较：仍然以提建议为主：无需赞扬，直接表明写信目的—即提建议：最后无需感谢，只需表示期待改进。
常用句型：
I am writing with my suggestion about„„„
I would like to suggest that„
I hope you will find these suggestions helpful
I would like to extend my appreciation if you are so kind as to take my suggestions into consideration
We would like to draw your attention to something you have obviously failed to notice（投诉信）
I am writing to express my concern|dissatisfaction|disappointment about„（投诉信）
To improve the situation，it is advisable for you to take the following measures（投诉信）
We trust that you will now consider this matter seriously and make an effort to prevent the recurrence of this kind（投诉信）
致歉信：2008PartA真题及解析
基本结构和常用句型：
Dear„
表明写信目的：道歉
阐述道歉原因，并提出解决方法。
再次道歉。
常用句型：
I am writing to apologize to you for my failing to „
Here is my deepest apology for „„
I would like to express my apologies for not being able to„
I am writing to you with some embarrassment and many apologies.Excuse me for my carelessness in making such a mess
I am really sorry for the trouble.Would you mind if I „。？
Would it be convenient for you „？
To make up for the inconvenience caused，I would like to „„
Once again，I am sorry for any inconvenience caused.申请信：2006年PartA 真题及解析（申请信）
基本结构和常用句型：
Dear„
告知信息来源及写信目的突出重点的自我介绍，附简历
表示感谢。
Yours sincerely，Li Ming
常用句型：
I learnt from the newspaper that you are wanting an accountant and I would like to apply for the job
Sb，suggested me to write to you about the medical physicist position at ABC Med-Instrument Corporation
Enclosed is my resume to provide additional information about my undergraduate work.I would appreciate the opportunity to meet with you to discuss further how my qualifications meet the needs of your organization.Thank you for your time and consideration.辞职信：2005年PartA真题及解析（辞职信）：
基本结构和常用句型：
Dear„，写信目的表明要辞职。
给出辞职原因。
感谢栽培并表示抱歉。
Yours sincerely，Li Ming
常用句型：
I am sorry to tell you that I decided to quit the job of being a „职业。
I am writing to inform you of my decision： I am going to quit my present job.Please accept my apology.I have been trying in vain to convince myself that the job is interesting.I highly appreciate the invaluable experience and happy days working here.Thank you for your patience，understanding，and trust.询问信：考研英语大纲样题应用文部分（询问信）：
基本结构和常用句型：
Dear „，自我介绍，表明写信目的是咨询某事。
询问细节。
感谢及相关信息。
Your sincerely
Li Ming
常用句型：
27.I am writing this letter to inquire about „
28.I want to/would like to know „
29.I wonder if „
30.Would it be possible for you to „？
31.How should I pay for these books ？—by cash or by other means ？
32.Finally，if I order these books now，when can I get them ？ How will these books be delivered to my house？
33.I should be grateful if you could give me an early reply.邀请信：
基本结构：
Dear„，发出邀请。
为何邀请细节。
期望参加。
Yours sincerely，Li Ming
常用句型：
We are having a farewell party/a gather together/meeting/seminar in（place）on（date）at（time）。Would you like to come？（不太正式）
It is my honor to inform you that there is an academic meeting in（place）on（date）at（time）。（正式）
We would be too glad to invite you as an expert to our school for the inquiry of studying abroad.If you have no other plans for this weekend night，will you do us a favor of going to our party？
接收邀请与谢绝邀请的表达法：都要表示感谢。
Accept the invitation：
Success is the last persistence at the toughest moment.成功是最艰难时刻的坚持。
Thank you very much for your invitation.It‘s our great pleasure to accept your invitation.Nothing would give us greater pleasure than accepting your kind invitation.Refuse the invitation：
Thank you so much for your invitation，but I have had plans at the time.If you don‘t mind，let’s make an appointment next time when you are available.I regret that I can‘t make it because of a sudden illness/full schedule/business trip.范文解析：
Dear Professor Wang，It is my honor to inform you that there is a “Culture Festival” held in mu school.Would you like to give us an excellent lecture on Phychology in the auditorium of our campus on sept.13th at 6：30 P.M.？
Since phychology has caused more and more concerns among the students，and you are an expert in the area，we all expect your acceptance and your wonderful lecture.I very much hope than you will be able to attend and give us a talk in your branch.If you have any question.Please contact me.Look forward to hearing your lecture.Yours sincerely，Li Ming
感谢信：
基本结构
Dear„，表示感谢。
感谢缘由及内心感受。
再次感谢，寄予希望。
常用句型：
I sincerely appreciate your kindness and generosity.Thank you ever much for the latest information.Please accept out sincerest thanks for what you have done for us.（heartfelt gratitude）
I don‘t know how to thank you for such generous behavior.It is something that I will cherish for a long time to come.I am now writing to express my great appreciation for the timely help you offered.It was considerate of you to do me a great favor.I wish there were a better word than “thanks” to express my appreciation.Many thanks again for your generous hospitality.Words fail me when I want to express my gratitude to you.范文解析：
Dear Jim，I am writing to express my heartfelt gratitude.I am referring to that unfortunate accident the other day，when I was knocked off my bike by a taxi.If it had not been for your timely assistance in giving me first aid，I fear that the Consequences might have been much more serious.Everynoe agrees that it was your quick-witted 9 response in that emergency that has led to this satisfactory outcome„„
Although nowdays people in mounting numbers talk about the need to be unselfish，we see very few people practice what they preach.If there were more people like you，this world would be a much nicer place.Yours sincerely，Li Ming
祝贺信：
基本结构：
Dear„。，表示祝贺，为之高兴。
祝贺缘由，劳有所获。
寄予期望，取得更大成就。
再次祝贺。
Yours sincerely，Li Ming
常用句型：
Congratulations to you no getting the scholarship.I am just as proud as you can be of you and send my sincerest congratulations no your achievement/success/graduation.10
What wonderful news！I know how happy you must be at the news of your promotion/election.Please accept my heartiest congratulations on your graduation/getting such a good job.I am looking forward to hearing more good news in your studies and research work.范文解析：
Dear Mr.Smith，I was very happy to learn that you have been elected President of the Seotland-China Associatioin and Iwould like，on behalf of the Chinese People‘s Association for Friendship with Foreign Countries and in my own name，to express to you our warmest congratulations.I hope that during your tenore of office the relations of friendship and cooperation that already exist between our two organizations will be further developed.Let us join our efforts to make greater contributions to the promotion of mutual understanding and friendship between the people‘s of China and Scotland.Yours sincerely，Li Ming
慰问信：
基本结构：
Dear„，表示同情，进行安慰，11
鼓励其努力，在此表示同情，并希望其早日复原。
Yours sincerely，Li Ming
常用句型：
I just can not tell you how sorry I was to learn of your unhappy experience/injury/accident/divorce.I felt very sorry indeed when I was informed of your sickness.I wish there were something I could say or do to ease your sense of loss/to soften your grief.I know there were no words that can be a comfort to you now.I hope that you will soon be completely restored to health/get well again.Please don‘t hesitate to call on me if there is anything I can do now and always.范文解析：
Dear Li Gang，I was really shocked andsaddened to hear of your unhappy experience in the earthquake.There is little that anyone can say or do at a time like this to ease your grief，but I would express my deepest sympathy.In the next day or so you will receive a little package from me.I hope you like it，and that it 12 will be useful ai your present moment.What‘s more，please don’t hesitate to contact me if there is anything else I can do now and always.I do hope you will soon get well again and be able to come back to school.Be assured of my availability and eagerness to help in any way I can.Yours sincerely，Li Ming
4.2 备忘录/告示类应用文写作（Memorandum/Notice）
基本结构：
TO：
FROM：
SUBJECT：
DATE：（month day，year）
正文
签名
模拟题及范文：
Directions：
You are an active member of the student newspaper.The newspaper is currently looking for journalists for the summer semester.Write a memo that will appear in the newspaper next week describing the position available.Date： August 10，2005
To： All students
From： Li Ming
4.3 摘要写作（Abstract）
This article focuses on the „。
This thesis discuss/analyzes„。
This paper provides an overview of „
This paper presents up-to-date information on „
1、简单概括
2、描写画面内容，两句话描写一幅图。
3、点明中心：重点又是新起点。
This is a very interesting and though-provoking picture.1 as is vividly depicted in the picture，the goal keeper thought he was too small for the gate and was afraid that he could not keep the ball from entering the gate.But what the player，who was ready to shoot，thought about the goal keeper could not help us thinking the truth of the picture it conveys.In his eyes，the goal keeper was so strong that he had almost covered the whole gate.And little did he have the chance to win.2 obviously，the two players looked at the same thing in a different angle.3（in different angles）
简单概括
描写画面内容，每幅图分开描述，并递进关系。
点明中心，从不同视角看待同一问题。
2.现象简介
Today，advertisements is mounting numbers are appearing on the TV screen.1 they are not only shown before and after all kinds of programs —— news，weather forecasts and quiz shows，etc.—— but even interrupt dramas and movies，2 and annoy the viewers.3
1、概括介绍
2、细节介绍：怎么个多法儿——是节目前后和中间都有
3、带来的后果就是激怒观众。
3.寓意象征
What a vivid and accrate picture it is when describing the meaning of love in the dark.1 As is shown in the picture，the love is just like the light in the picture，which seems insignificant in the sun，but it certainly shines brighter in the dark.2 in other words，the darker the place is，the more precious the light will be.3 love is somewhat the same.It surely means much moer to the man who is in great difficulty than to the one who is in comforts.4
简要评价
对画面的简单描述。（结合love对画面进行分析）
寓意说明，符合题目要求
结论：灯光在越微弱的地方越明亮，爱心在越需要的地方越有价值
Species‘extinction in America.Facing the figures，we can only admit that America’s population growth has had undesirable effect on its wildlife and will still pose a formidable threat to its wildlife resources if sufficient care is not given.3
※
1、总括介绍了图画内容（运用对比，强调后者）
※
2、特别好的过渡方式：不是描述胜过描述
※
3、结论：如果不足以重视，结果不堪设想
4、原因分析
（As far as I am concerned，there are several reasons accounting for the phenomenon.）1 First and foremost，the reasons for this phenomenon are that TV is the most efficient and rapid way of dissemination（传播）information.2 As China develops its highly competitive market economy，manufacturers and sales people（salespersons）need to inform the general public of the latest commodities that are available.3 Furthermore，TV stations use the money that they earn from showing the advertisements to produce more programs.Last but not least，it is necessary to keep consumers informed of the range of（the）products that they may choose from.（原文的过渡出现在下一段）
※
1、阐述中心，或者引导本段。
※
2、例举原因
※
3、对已经提出原因的拓展
However，the tobacco consumption is experiencing a decrease，1 According to the given figures，the tobacco production in 1994 was 14.364 billion pounds while in 1995 it reduced to 14.2 billion pounds.This is mainly because 2 more and more people have become aware of the harm of smoking to human brings.Many of them resist the addiction to tobacco and advise people around not to smoke.Furthermore，governments of many countries realizing the serious effects of tobacco have taken effective measures to call on people to give up smoking.So I believe a healthy tomorrow of less tobacco will be achieved through efforts of every person.3
※
1、阐述中心
※
2、列举原因，this 作过渡词
※
3、如果减少吸烟人群，可能产生的结果（注意命题的积极倾向，展望未来式很合命题者口味）
5、利弊分析
In the country，on the other hand，one can enjoy the advantages of fresh air and food，and a more relaxed（relaxing）life style.Housing is usually spacious and inexpensive in the country.I and，as for recreation，what could be more relaxing than a stroll down a country lane amid beautiful scenery？ 2 However，there are disadvantages of living in either the city or the country.3 City air tends to be polluted，and the streets are always crowded and noisy.In the country，on the other hand，the lack of stimulating activities can make a person feel bored and isolated.4
※
1、列举乡村居住的优势
※
2、对优势的拓展说明
※
3、过渡说明：劣势开始
※
4、列举无论城乡居住皆有劣势
6、举例说明
It seems reasonable when people laugh at the cartoon，but it would no longer be laughable when people find similar things taking place in our daily life.1 Recently there is a trend of making promises in various fields of our society.From departments of government to common shopping centers，many businesses who supple products of offer services have made various promises to their customers or service receivers.2 They assert their products to be of good quality or promise to offer excellent service.3 As a matter of fact，many of these businesses claim in the same way that（比较）the hen in the above cartoon promises to lay eggs.4
※
1、过渡：第一段说到可笑，下面就谈不可笑——连接
※
2、例子：商场、政府的承诺行为
※
3、拓展：深化承诺行为的细节
※
4、结论：同母鸡下蛋的承诺一样虚无没有价值
※表示性质，代替adj.=of +n.（小作文高分必杀）
e.g.helpful=of any help assistant=of any assistance good=of any good harmful=of any harm
The following examples will support this point.1 In schools，a unit-exam not only declares the end of the former unit，but also acts as a reminder of the preview work for the next unit.In the business field，what a CEO needs to do at the end of a year is more than review and summarize（review and summarizing）。It is the time to formulate and effective and efficient development plan for next year.2 Just turn back to the sports ground.（句号结束）although in front of the end there isn‘t a real start——arrowhead，there surely exists an invisible one sprouting（appearing）in every athlete’s mind，blooming（being）the training strategy of the preparation for next competition.3
※
1、承上启下
※
2、举例论证
※
3、举例的同时说明结论：终点又是新起点，正是这种心态成为下次比赛成功的技巧或策略。
7、判断评论
It is clear that promise is what you claim you can do or you will do，not what you really are or you are expected to be.1 Generally speaking，it is good and sometimes necessary to make commitment to people，but promising what you must or should do can be considered a kind of cheating.2 What the cartoon really aims at is not the funny picture itself but to criticize this popular phenomenon existing in our society.3
※
1、既点名了本段主题：谈承诺，又是一个定义，起承上启下作用。
※
2、自己的建议。
※
3、再次强调“承诺”这一社会现象。
8、问题建议
Child education has become one of the most popular topics discussed not only by educational experts，but also by people in all walks（职业、行业）of life.1 The failure of child education does more harm to the development of our society and our civilization than to the children themselves.Thus，it‘s high time that parents，educators and the government made concerted（共同努力的，同心协力的，conert得来）efforts to put an end to this situation.2（家长，老师和政府应该怎么做）
※
1、引出本段主题，儿童教育的现状，用婉转的方式表达。
※
2、本段结论：三方行动
In our life，what we need most is self-insurance and a proper view of challenges before us.1 Therefore，we should bear in mind that our competitors may not be as terrible（frightening）as expected，and our painstaking efforts will pay off as long as we arm ourselves with courage and confidence.2 Only in this way can we overcome any difficulties and challenges.3
※
1、从自己角度提出意见
※
2、具体行动的方法
※
3、only 表示强调，以及建议的价值。
9、个人选择
All in all，I would say that living in the city is best（better），1 for the convenience the city offers in terms of education and work（job opportunities）；2 after all，one can always spend 19 vacations in the country——and get the best of both.3
※
1、选择结果
※
2、选择原因
※
3、总结
As for me，I have always led a regular life.1 By everyday exercises，I build up a strong body，2 and by reading intensively I learn to acquire a proper attitude toward life.3
※
1、个人选择或实践
※
2、选择带来的好的后果
※
3、拓展
10、现实运用
As we all know，children are the future of our country，Their healthy growth has therefore become a serious concern among many people.1 It should be made clear that too much care is not love.The real love and care for them are to prepare them for the future.When faced with difficulties，they can summon up the courage and exert their strength to overcome the difficulties.When faced with fierce competition，they can employ their knowledge，skills and experience to confront with their rival.2 This is the younger generation we can expect.3
※
1、价值体现：孩子关乎祖国的未来。
※
2、启示：重要的原因
※
3、寄予希望
2007年范文写作
首段：图画描述：
This is a series of interesting and thought-provoking pictures.A goalkeeper，who is trying hard to keep the ball from the goal，sees himself as a dwarf.What‘s funnier is that the football-player，preparing to kick the ball，regards the goalkeeper as huge as the goal.The meaning conveyed by the picture is clear but profound.Both of them lack courage and confidence in front of challenges.中间段：寓意象征+举例说明
The majority of people would agree that everyone may feel challenged when a powerful rival appears in his/her mind.What divides them into successes and losers is their attitude towards confidence.（We can easily find the equivalent of the topic discussed here in our surroundings.）We，undergraduates girding ourselves for the NETEM（the Examination for postgraduate candidates），provide a good illustration.Some of us feel depressed when thinking that they are not able to prepare well，so they even give up the chance of participating in the examination.In fact，the exam is not as difficult as they suppose，and a little more courage and confidence will motivate them to achieve the final successs.尾段：建议+展望
Accordingly，it is the time that we placed great emphasis on building up our confidence.What we should bear in mind is that no one can overcome difficulties without confidence.（In other words，We should be honest about the challenges we face.）only in this wa we can se a right goal.challenge it，and achieve it.Tips：
1.稳重下体的部分是精彩的语言，即文章的高分点，希望同学们学习。
2.文中有下划线的部分是范文的错误，希望大家思考，然后改正，避免自己在写作时犯这样的错误。
3.再次强调，希望大家不要背范文，学习精彩的句式表达，背会，通过多练习掌握这些 21 句型。
小作文范文及解析
2007年Part A 真题及解析（投诉信
Directions：
Write a letter to your university library，making suggestions for improveing its service.You should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2.Do not sign your own name at the den of the letter.Ues “Li Ming” instead.Do not write the address.To Whom It May Concern，I am a student in this university who regularly comes to the library to spend ma spare time.Generally speaking，the services you offer here are quite good； however，I have some suggestions for you to adopt.And I would like to extend my greatest appreciation if you are so kind as to take my suggestions into consideration.To begin with，will you please prolong the time for reading？ In the daytime，most of the students are having classes，so they can‘t come to the library.Moreover，some of the books on shelves are out of date.If you are so kind as to provide us some books such as the latest magazines，we will be very pleased.I really wish to have a more comfortable library.Thank you for your time and consideration.Yours sincerely，Li Ming
2008 Part A 真题及解析（致歉信）：
Directions：
You have just come back from Canada and found a music CD in your luggage that you forgot to return to Bob，your landlord there.Write him a letter to
make an apology，and
suggest a solution.You should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2.Do not sign your own name at the den of the letter.Ues “Li Ming” instead.Do not write the address.解析
Dear Bob，I am writing to express my apology to you.Several days ago，I borrowed your music CD when I lived in your house.Unfortunately，after I came back from Canada，I found it in my luggage.Was in such an hurry that I forgot to return it to you.I will send it to you by post of expose as soon as possible.If necessary，I will compensate for any troubles it may cause.Once again，I feel so sorry for any inconvenrence caused.Please accept my apologies.Sincerely yours，Li Ming
2006年Part A真题及解析（申请信
Directions：
You want to contribute to project Hope by offering financial aid to a child in a remote area.Write a letter to the department concerned，asking them to help find a candidate.You should specify what kind of child you want to help and how you will carry out your plan.Write your letter in no less than 100 words.Write it neatly on ANSWER SHEET2.Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter，use“Li Ming”instead.Do not write the address.（10points）
解析：
To Whom It May Concern，I am writing this letter to you to ask if there is a child in need of financial sponsorship through the Hope Foundation.I am willing to give financial aid to those children who have not had a chance to receive education in poverty-stricken area.I would like to help two kinds of children：first，those who do not have a stable source which can cover their education fees，and second，those whose academic performance in school is excellent.I have decided to commit myself to save the necessary
financial aid required to accomplish my goal.I would also like to be kept informed as to the academic progress of each student every term.I have not doubt（There is not doubt）that I meet the criteria required for a sponsor and look forward to hearing from you.Thank you for your consideration.Yours sincerely
Li Ming
推荐信：
Dear，写作意图：简单介绍，自己与被推荐人关系，推荐他做什么。
推荐原因：被推荐人的相关工作经历或个性特点，应当突出与写信人的相关性。
感谢与期待。
Yours sincerely
Li Ming
解析：
Dear Sir，It is with a great pleasure that I recommend to you Mr.Li Lei，an outstanding accountant，for working in your firm.Mr.Li graduated from China Financial University in 1991，majoring in accountancy，After graduation，he came to our firm to be an accountant.In 1996 he obtained the certificate of a certified accountant，and in 2001 he was promoted to the one of the chief accountants of our firm because of his excellent work.In association with me，mr.li impressed me that he was a friendly and pleasant gentleman，devoted to his firm and profession.it is surely a huge loss for our firm that he has to leave us for some personal reasons.I recommend mr.li without reservation and believe you will find him a real treasure very soon„„
Yours sincerely，Li ming
2005年part a 真题及解析（辞职信）：
Directions：
Two months ago you got a job as an editor for the magazine design and fashion.but now you find that the work is not what you expected.You decide to quit.Write a letter to your boss，mr.wang，Telling him your decision，stating your reason（s），and making an apology.Write your letter with no less than 100 words.Wrte it neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2.Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter； use “li ming”instead.You do not need to write the adress.解析：
Dear mr.wang，I am writing this letter to apologize that I will quit the position as an editior for you are your magazine for the reason of myself.Two months ago，I was accepted by the design and fashions，as a member of it.I was deeply impressed by the kindness，diligence of all staff members around me.But during the span of working here，I have come to realize that the job probably is not suitable for me because I want a more pesceful life，such as a teacher.And you know that I am not an outgoing girl.I find that I am not able to devote all my efforts to a job which I do not reslly like.So I am awfully sorry to tell you my decision to quit.please accept my apology.Yours sincerely，26
Li ming
2009年考研英语大纲样题应用文部分（询问信）
Directions：
You are preparing for an English test and are in need of some reference books.Write a letter to
the sales department of bookstore to ask for：
detailed information about the books you want，methods of payment，time and way of delivery.You should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2.Do not sign your own name at the end
Of the letter.Use“Li Ming”instead.You do not need to write the address.解析：
Dear Sir/Madam，As a student preparing for TOEFL in the coming May，I am writing to ask if you have
Appoches to TOEFL complied by professor Wamg Sming and published by University College
Press in 2006（注意次序）
If you have the book for sale，I‘d like to mail order it.Pleasel let me know if I can pay for it.by money order or do you accept the credit card？
I‘d appreciate it if you could send me the book at your earliest convenience by EMS to the following address：
Li Ming
Room 158，student dormitory no.8
West campus，Beijing university
Beijing，100081
Sincerely yours
Li Ming
第五篇：小学作文高分秘籍
小学作文高分秘籍
学习目标
1．内容具体、感情真挚地叙写故事，清晰地表达自己的独特感受和真切体验。
2．多角度地观察生活，发现生活的丰富多彩，捕捉事物的特征，力求有创意的表达。
3．根据中心，选择恰当的表达方式。合理安排内容的先后和详略，条理清楚地表达自己的意思。运用联想和想象，丰富表达的内容。
考点聚焦
1．根据既定的文题自行确定中心写事。
2．围绕给定的话题或者中心词自拟题目编写故事。
3．依据给出的材料扩写、改写故事。
4．给出开头续写故事或者根据结尾编写前文。
记叙文：是一种以记叙为主要表达方式的文章，在行文中还结合描写、议论、抒情等方式来共同表现一定的思想主题。写好写“事”类的记叙文应注意以下几点：
1．记叙的要素
任何一件事情，都是由时间、地点、人物、事件的起因、经过、结果这六个方面的内容构成的。作文时要把这些要素尽可能地交代清楚，也可以在自然环境或者人物语言中间接地交代。
2．记叙的结构
所谓结构，是指文章的组织、构造、布局，即文章的总体表现形式。结构是文章的“骨骼”，写“事”文章的常见结构方式有：
① 以时间推移为顺序。也就是按照事件发生的起因、经过、结果来叙述某件事情。
② 依照空间的变换来安排。有较大的地域跨动或者游记类文章多有运用。
③ 以时间为“经”、空间为“纬”的纵横交错的结构形式。一般不止一条线索的记叙文多采用这种形式。④ 以作者的认识发展为顺序。那种以作者对某事物认识的逐步深化为线索贯穿事实材料的记叙文常采用这种结构方式。
3．细节描写
写“事”类文章的细节描写要做到：
① 注意表现生活的本质，盲目的、只顾表面现象的细节描写只能属于赘笔；
② 细节必须真实，不是来自生活的编造的细节，常会由于违背生活逻辑而损害全篇；
③ 要用到关键处，滥加运用会淹没描述对象的主要特征；
④ 准确简练，避免随意铺陈，拖沓冗长。
魔师点化
结合以下要点努力会让你的作文更加优美：
① 深刻隽永的立意，② 新颖独特的材料，③ 巧妙别致的构思，④ 生动传神的细节，⑤ 诗情画意的环境，⑥ 丰富多彩的修辞，⑦ 标新立异的个性。
①语言精彩，动作传神 ②事件结局，开头藏好 ③波折多多，合乎情理 ④心理时间，务必把握⑥如有事理，让人回味
卓越思维
告诉读者一个故事，在故事中表现作者的思想情感、人们的喜怒哀乐、社会的价值取向，就是最常见的写“事”作文。写“事”作文重在写“事”神在言“情”，也就是用具体生动、波澜起伏的故事表达一定的思想主题。走进网络、拥抱自然、关注热点、研究课题、参加竞赛、服务社会、善待他人、学做家务„„生活处处是课堂。这些多姿多彩的课堂能开阔视野，增长才干；能锻炼体魄，磨练意志；能使心灵得到净化，智能得到开发„„请以“这也是课堂”为题，写一篇文章。要求： ①文体不限； ②字数不少于500字；③文中不能出现真实的地名、校名和人名。（2003年温州市初中升学考试语文试卷）这是一个标准的命题作文。看“走进”“拥抱”“关注”等词，知道应该是以写“事”为主，注意题目中的那个“也”字，它告诉我们选材范围最好定在“课堂”之外。可以描绘一次失败的经历。例如“我”曾 1
经认为只有校园内的课堂才是真正的课堂，直到经受了一次挫折和失败后才认识到外面广阔的世界也是课堂。也可以描述一回成功的体验。虽然“我”平时没有意识到“我”所关注的对象的特殊之处，忽然有一天发现从中受到了教益和启迪，于是明白了许多。还可以客观地描述一种状态。例如从自然、书籍、网络或者同学的交往中得到了许多，意识到自己的种种不足，并且认真总结自己的心路历程，表述“我”对“课堂”的理解。
一、作文的开头
开头遵循的原则：
1．向心性。开头必须与全文的主要内容、中心思想紧密相联，为突出中心服务。
2．精简性。语言要精简，最好是开门见山。
开头常见的毛病：
1．拐弯抹角离题千里。落笔时，总爱兜圈子。有人把它比作大头娃娃。
2．千篇一律格式固定。开头写来写去就是这么几句话。
3．追求花样弄巧成拙。写得很好，表达思想感情不明白，不清楚，不真实。
常见的作文开头：
1．点题式。开门见山，不拐弯抹角，开头第一句就点文章的题目。初学者最好用这种方法。如《翠 鸟》的开头：“翠鸟喜欢停在水边的苇秆上。”又如《爱迪生》。
2．交代式。开头就交代时间、地点、人物、事件这“四大要素”，如《视死如归》的开头：“一九三一年深秋（时间），王若飞同志（人物）在包头（地点）不幸被捕（事件）”
3．描写式。或描写人物外貌，或描写动物外形，或描写建筑外观，或描写周围环境。给人一个鲜明的印象。如《燕子》的开头：“一身乌黑的羽毛，光滑漂亮，一对俊俏轻快„„”
4．设问式。开头就提出问题，或引起读者注意，或激发读者思考，或造成悬念引人入胜。如《海底世界》的开头：“你可知道，大海深处是怎样的吗？”
5．引用式。开头或引用名言警句，点明中心；或引用人物语言，突出人物性格；或引用诗歌，唤起读者共鸣；或引用俗语谚语，说明事理等等。如《桂林山水》的开头：“人们都说„桂林山水甲天下‟。”
6．抒情式。开头直抒胸臆，以情感人。如《别了，我爱的中国》的开头：“别了，我爱的中国，我全心爱着的中国！”爱国深情一下子就出来了。
7．总起式。开头总领全文。如《伟大的友谊》的开头：“马克思和恩格斯是好朋友。他们共同研究学问，共同„„”
8．联想式。文章的开头或从远到近，或由此及彼，从别的事物写起，再联想到要写的事物上来，供以烘托要写的事物。如《春蚕》，开头从春天联想到养蚕，从养蚕联想到母亲，再回忆母亲养蚕的情景。
9．倒叙式。从事情的结果写起，引人入胜，再回过头来叙述事情的原因和经过。如《十六年前的回忆》的开头：“一九二七年四月十八日，我永远忘不了那一天，那是父亲的被难日，离现在已经有十六年了。”
二、作文的结尾
结尾常见的毛病：
1．画蛇添足。添上一些无关紧要的东西。
2．公式化。空喊中号。
常见的作文结尾：
1．自然式。事情结束了，文章也结尾了。如《麻雀》的结尾：“我急忙唤回我的猎狗，带着它走开了。”
2．照应式。结尾或点题，与文题遥相呼应；或与开头相照应，收拢全文。如《颐和园》的结尾是：“颐和园的景色可真美啊！”与开头：“北京的颐和园是个美丽的大公园”首尾照应，有力地突出了中心。
3．引申式。结尾或展开联想，由此及彼，由表及里，深化主题；或总结提高，使主题得到升华。如《高大的皂荚树》的结尾：“想着，想着，我的心里，好像有一颗种子在生根、发芽„„”
4．抒情式。结尾直接抒发作者的感情，以引起读者的共鸣，从中受到感染，受到教育。如《再见了，亲人》的结尾：“再见了，亲人，我们的心永远跟你们在一起”。
5．评价式。结尾对人物或事物进行总结、评价，表达作者的看法，突出文章的中心。如《狼牙山五壮士》的结尾：“这是英雄的中国人民坚强不屈的声音，这声音惊天动地、气壮山河。”
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