第一篇:2018年春季《企业战略管理》期末考核
期末作业考核
《企业战略管理》
满分100分
一、案例分析(每题25分,共100分。)
案例1:沃尔玛的企业文化及其发展
现在提起沃尔玛超市,中国大城市的老百姓没有谁不知道。沃尔玛公司是世界上最大的商业零售企业,其于1962年开办了第一家连锁商店,1970年建立起第一家配送中心,并走上了快速发展之路。1999年,公司全球销售总额达1650亿美元,在世界500强中排名第二,仅次于美国通用汽车公司。2000年,公司销售总额达到1913亿美元,平均增长率达到22%,年均销售总额净增长近160亿美元,不愧为全球零售业大王。2001年年底,在美国《财富》杂志的全球富翁排名榜中,沃尔玛的老板名列第一。冰冻三尺,非一日之寒。沃尔玛从一家不起眼的小店发展成为当今世界上最大的零售企业,必定有其独特的经营之道。在众多成功因素当中,沃尔玛企业文化起了关键的作用。
约翰·科特在进行企业文化与企业业绩关系的研究中,惊奇地发现,沃尔玛这家服务性公司在企业文化力量方面平均得分值排名第一,而与此同期的企业经营业绩增长指数排名也高居前列,排名第二,这一排名甚至比惠普还要高。惠普公司在两表中的排名分别为40位和18位。对于这一结果,约翰·科特认为,沃尔玛注重创新,提倡创业者勤俭及全心全意为顾客服务的企业文化是促使公司成就斐然的重要原因。在美国管理界,沃尔玛被公认为是最具企业文化特色的公司之一,并多次被评为最适宜工作的公司之一。可以说,沃尔玛企业文化是沃尔玛其他战略得以成功实施的土壤和保障。问题:沃尔玛的企业文化对我国零售业的启示。
案例2 福特汽车公司的成本领先战略
20世纪20年代的福特汽车公司曾经通过限制车型及种类、积极实行后向一体化、采用高度自动化的流水线生产、减少改型以促进学习积累,以及通过学习积累严格推行低成本措施等,取得了所向无敌的成本领先地位。然而,随着美国人收入的增加,许多已经购买过一辆汽车的买主又在考虑买第二辆,于是开始更加重视有风格的式样、多变的型号、舒适性和密封性。通用汽车公司注意到这种变化,迅速发出型号齐全的各种汽车。在这种情况下,福特公司要想对生产线进行改造不得不花费巨额费用,因为以前的生产线是为降低成本而设计的大规模生产线。
问题:以福特汽车公司的成本领先战略为例,分析实施成本领先战略可能的风险。案例3 麦当劳在印度销售的汉堡不加牛肉
印度人有一种文化习俗,即对牛崇拜,这使得麦当劳不得不调整其服务。为了表示对禁止食用牛肉的印度传统的尊重,麦当劳公司代之以鸡肉汉堡、鱼肉汉堡和蔬菜汉堡。这是麦当劳第一次把牛肉从其菜单中删掉。
问题:请用战略管理外部宏观环境分析理论,解释麦当劳公司的这一做法。
案例4 IBM的紧缩型战略
2005年,IBM公司做出了重大的战略调整,采取紧缩型战略,即卖掉PC业务,实现了收益的稳定迅速增长。2005年聚焦于一些高价值产业领域,与前几年相比,IBM的发展变得更加均衡,更为有效。
IBM于1981年率先打开个人电脑市场,直到1994年之前,IBM一直是个人电脑领域的领头羊。但从那以后,个人电脑销售额不断下滑,亏损有增无减。到1998年,个人电脑业务的亏损达到了9.92亿美元。在这样的情况下,若能剥离亏损的个人电脑业务,无疑会是一个明智之举。2005年5月1日,联想正式宣布完成收购IBM全球PC业务,至此,IBM彻底结束了它在全球的PC业务,而联想以130亿美元的年销售额一跃成为全球第三大PC制造商。这样,IBM不仅从此过程中获得了丰厚的利润,更降低了总体成本,提升了自身的竞争力。IBM在中国的这种战略选择,还为它日后的战略调整做了最完美的铺垫。IBM向联想出让PC业务,对于IBM的品牌价值、市场发展、与IBM该部分员工的安置与发展,以及原有业务的延伸,都是最理想的。
问题:结合案例,谈谈紧缩型战略的优点。
第二篇:企业战略管理期末
北京乐跑汽车制造有限公司
参考答案:
长处:1.分析了一个宏观关键田素———科技因素,指出,随着技术的进步,对轮胎、机油的要求也越来越高。
2.明确指出了企业的两个竞争对手并对其进行了比较深入的分析,使人—下就明白企业面临的威胁:米其林轮胎将对其构成重大威胁,而另一个对手对其威胁要小一些。
3.将宏观因素限定在北京地区是恰当的,这一点值得其他同学借鉴。
不足之处:
1.对外部环境的分析显得有些零乱,宏观因素、行业情况混在了一起。
2,对行业环境的分析比较弱,行业的特征没有做稍微深入的分析。
3.该公司有两种业务虽然都与汽车有关,但产品的特点不同,必须分别分析其竞争特征和竞争对手。
4.虽然文章提到了技术因素是主要的宏观因素,但还不够深入,建议进一步了解一北京市场汽车的现状,特别是技术方面的现状,一般汽车轮胎的平均寿命、人们对轮胎的期望、对高性能轮胎的认识和认同情况;目前使用比较多的机油品牌,该品牌的效果;还有轮胎的平均故障率和机油的平均更换率等。
中国平安保险集团股份有限公司
请你回答以下问题:
(1)哪些话描述了平安的生存目的是什么?你认为平安的企业生存的目的描述是否值得改进的地方?如果有请你用一句话来为平安描述生存目的,你如何描述好?
(2)在平安的企业使命中,哪些内容勾画了企业的经营哲学?
(3)哪些话是对企业愿景(未来展望)的描述?企业的战略目标是什么?
参考答案:
(1)企业生存目的:对客户负责,服务至上,诚信保障。不足之处:过于笼统。用一句话概括:化解风险,祈祷平安。
(2)对员工负责,生涯规划,安家乐业;对社会负责,回馈社会,建设国家。
(3)愿景:成为中国企业改革的先锋和金融服务业学习的楷模,建设国际一流的综合金融服务集团。战略目标:争创“世界500强400优”。
某食品企业主要有三种产品,主要在北京地区生产和销售。该企业最近有以F几件事需要处理:
1.聘请专家对企业存在的问题进行了诊断,专家发现企业
内部的生产流程不合理,因而造成成本居高不下,隐性成本无法核算,于是筹划对生产流程进行改造。
2.目前三种产品的销售情况不错。巾场需求旺盛,订单较多,由于工仆人员的疏忽,出现了一些订单漏登、个别送货时间、品种与数量出现差错现象,一些客户有些怨言。
3.食品属于时限性很强的产品,各销售点的订货量相对较少,订货频繁,周期短。该企业的物流配送—直是一个大问题。有一家专业的物流企业希望能利用自身的专业化优势来承担企业的物流配送任务。
4.企业目前的产品的目标顾客是老少皆宜,即全方位的顾客。有人提议企业应专门开发针对儿童和针对白领阶层的高档次的营养食品。
请你就上述几个事件,根据企业战略管理的理论进行分析,判断哪些事件是与战略有关的问题,哪些不是,并说明你的理由。
参考答案:
某食品企业主要有三种产品,主要在北京地区生产和销售。该企业最近有以下几件事需要处理:
1.这不属于战略问题,冈为它不涉及长远的生存与发展问题,不改变企业的产品布局,同时问题已经清楚,只是寻找解决问题的措施,不需要企业高层人员全程参与。
2.不属于战略问题,因为这只是具体的管理问题,需
要进行管理制度和管理方式的调整。是一种矾定的问题,而且可以很快找出解决问题的办法。
3.属于战略问题,因为物流涉及到企业的盈利模式,况且是要涉及合作的问题,必须由企业的高层领导来认真思考并决策,短期内难以作出准确的回答。
4.属于战略问题,四为它要解决的是产品与市场格局的变动,涉及到企业未来的产品结构和经营力式,是—个比较难以迅速作出是或否的问题。
第三篇:企业战略管理期末案例
佛山科学技术学院2011—2012学年第二学期
《企业战略管理(II)》课程论文
Please study the following cases and answer the questions in English or Chinese.Case Scenario1: Walt Disney Company.(20%)
Walt Disney Company is famed for its creativity, strong globalbrand, and uncanny ability to take service and experience businesses to higher levels.In the early 1990s, then-CEO Michael Eisner looked to the fast-food industry as a way to draw additional attention to the Disney presence outside of its theme parksthis research intensity has allowed the company to release, on average, a new product every day over the past five years.Despite its past strength and high brand awareness, Plasco’s profitability has been eroded by dramatic increases in the cost of plastic resin, the primary input into its plastic products.Moreover, the retail channel has experienced rapid consolidation resulting in a shift in the balance of power from branded manufacturers like Plasco, to strong retailers like Wal-Mart, who in turn have been unwilling to help Plasco absorb the higher resin costs.Enhancing Wal-Mart’s power is the fact that it can always turn to alternative high-volume sources of consumer plastic products like Sterlite.Further hampering Plasco’s recovery is the emergence of feisty little foreign competitors like Zig Industries, a $250 million Israeli firm that has begun to take part of Plasco’s market share in plastic toolboxes.Ironically, Plasco was the first company to offer plastic toolboxes some 20 years ago.This innovation changed the market dramatically and Plasco’s first mover strategy rewarded it with a rapidly growing new segment and a dominant market position.Today, Plasco’s toolboxes are viewed as rather boring, while Zig’s products are ingeniously designed to catch the customer’s eye in the aisle(better merchandising the product)and capture their interest(and pocketbook)with many new and novel features.Zig is also able to provide this new line of toolboxes at between 10% to 15% less than Plasco.Questions:
1.Is Wal-Mart Plasco’s competitor or its customer? Why?(5%)
Wal-Mart is Plasco’s customer.Because Wal-Mart consumes the products Plasco outputs instead of produces them.2.Is the toolbox business a slow-, standard-, or fast-cycle business? Why?(7%)
The toolbox business is a Fast-cycle business.Because: Although Plasco was the first company to offer plastic toolboxes some 20 years ago, other companies(such as Zig,a small player)changed its dominant market position in a short time.3.How can a small player like Zig be such a successful competitor against a large, established firm like Plasco?(8%)
First, a small player must have new ideas which are better or more convenient to customers than the large, established firm.Innovation is the most important.Second, try the best to use the existing technology to reduce the cost.Third, seize the opportunity and cooperate with other companies.Case Scenario3: Jewell Company.(20%)
Jewell Company(JC)is a $2 billion diversified manufacturer and marketer of simple household items, cookware, and hardware.In the early 1950s, JC’s business consisted solely of manufactured curtain rods that were sold through hardware stores and retailers like Sears.Since the 1960s however, the company has diversified extensively through acquisition into such businesses as paintbrushes, writing pens, pots and pans, and hairbrushes.Over 90 percent of its growth can be attributed to these many small acquisitions, whose performance it improved tremendously through aggressive restructuring and its corporate emphasis on cost-cutting and cost controls.While JC’s sixteen different lines of business may appear quite different, they all share the common characteristics of being staple manufactured items and sold primarily through volume retail channels like Wal-Mart, Target, and Kmart.Because JC operates each line of business autonomously(separate manufacturing, R&D, and selling responsibilities for each line), it is perhaps best described as pursuing a related linked diversification strategy.The common linkages are both internal(accounting systems, product merchandising skills, and acquisition competency)and external(distribution channel of volume retailers).JC is presently contemplating the acquisition of Plastico, a $3 billion U.S.-based manufacturer of flexible plastic products like trash cans, reheatable and freezable food containers, and a broad range of other plastic storage containers designed for home and office use.While Plastico has been highly innovative(over 80% of its growth has come from internal new product development), it has had difficulty controlling costs and is losing ground against powerful customers like Wal-Mart.JC believes that the market power it wields with retailers like Wal-Mart will help it turn Plastico’s prospects around.Questions:
1.How might JC's related diversification strategy result in economies of scope and market power?(5%)
It might expand its economies of scope and increase its market power.By related diversification strategy, JC would become more and more powerful.2.Why would the acquisition of Plastico be good for JC?(7%)
That is because: Plastico has had difficulty controlling costs and is losing ground against powerful customers like Wal-Mart.But JC believes that the market power it wields with retailers like Wal-Mart will help it turn Plastico’s prospects around.So they think the acquisition of Plastico be good for JC.3.What difficulties might you expect JC to encounter related to its acquisition of Plastico?(8%)
First,Plastico was a company which was bigger than JC, maybe they were reluctant to be purchased by a company smaller than Plastico.Second, they should ensure they have enough money, so they might deal with the problem of shortage of funds.Third, the big retailers like Wal-Mart not necessarily would help JC.Fourth, JC must integration of all resources effectively to achieve the largest profit.Case Scenario4: Syco Inc.(SI).(20%)
Syco, Inc.(SI)was founded the late 1800s and grew through acquisition from being primarily a large discount retailer into a highly diversified firm.Beyond retailing(still SI’s dominant business), by the middle of the 1990s its lines of business included significant market positions in insurance, consumer credit cards, stock brokerage, commercial and residential real estate brokerage, and an online Internet portal.Each of the non-retail businesses was average in its relative industry performance.Consistent with the decentralized structure at SI and arms-length corporate oversight, each of these businesses was also rapidly developing their own unique brands and customer following.However, within a short period of time it became apparent that the retail business was failing.SI’s vast mall-based department store holdings were suffering from deferred maintenance and merchandising that did not appear to be popular with its once large consumer base.At the same time, highly efficient and focused low-cost competitors like Wal-Mart were beginning to take significant market share from SI.On the verge of bankruptcy by early 2000, SI’s management chose to sell off its insurance, real estate and stock brokerage units;it also spun off its credit card and portal businesses in separate public offerings.Questions: 1.Why do you suppose SI entered the non-retail businesses through acquisition? Is this a cheaper route than starting up these businesses from scratch?(10%)
Through acquisition, a company could apply of existing resources and advantages of other companies, combine with its own advantages, thus in a short period of time to achieve the expected operating results.At the same time, a purchase also could reduce the risk and made it convenient to enter other industries.So I think a purchase is not only a cheaper route but also a faster route than starting up these businesses from scratch.2.Why do you suppose that SI sold off or spun-off its non-retail businesses?(10%)
First,SI wanted to collect enough money to develop its retail business.Second, SI couldn't integration of all resources effectively, it sold off or spun-off its non-retail businesses in order to concentrate manpower and material resources to develop major business.Third, retail was the major business for a long time, now the retail was failing, if SI don't take measures to improve the situation, that would be dangerous for SI.Case Scenario5: Heartsong LLC.(20%)
Heartsong LLC is a designer and manufacturer of replacement heart valves based in Peoria, Illinois.While a relatively small company in the medical devices field, it has established a worldwide reputation as the provider of choice of high-quality, leading-edge artificial heart valves.Most of its products are sold to large regional hospital systems and research hospitals around the world, though primarily to customers in the U.S.and Europe.Specialty heart centers are another emerging, but fast-growing market for its valves.Heartsong has recently embarked on an expansion strategy that requires it to increase its volume, which in turn will demand more component parts than it can source domestically-both from an economic and volume standpoint.The firm has determined that such growth is only viable if it produces these parts itself overseas for a lower cost, or outsources the production entirely to a joint venture it establishes with a local manufacturer, which could both produce the parts more cheaply and in higher volumes.It is considering starting up an owned production facility in Luxembourg, or seeking a joint venture with a precision manufacturer in China.Questions:
1.What opportunities and threats might Heartsong be exposing itself to via the Luxembourg expansion proposal?(5%)
Opportunities: It might produce the parts Heartsong need more cheaply and in higher volumes and sale its product to its major market--Europe directly.It will benefit in a long run.Threats: It might cost a lot of money to buy the production facility, factory,artificial and so on.In addition ,it might faced with more risk and it demanded for more manpower and resources.In a word, it was troublesome.2.What opportunities and threats might Heartsong be exposing itself to via the China expansion proposal?(7%)
Opportunities: China has plenty of cheap labour ,it might produce the parts Heartsong need more cheaply and in higher volumes and it was the most convenient and effective way for Heartsong to expand the scope of the market in a short term.Threats: First, it is not conducive to the development of enterprises in the long run.Second, information might be leaked and core technology might be simulated and exceeded by competitors.Third, China is not the major market now, Heartsong had to export the product which was made in China to other markets.At last, China's labour was more expensive.3.Which option would you recommend?(8%)
In the short term , the China expansion proposal is better.But considering long-term , the Luxembourg expansion proposal is better.If Heartsong didn't have enough money at present, it could seek a joint venture with a precision manufacturer in China.Because outsourcing didn't need too much money.But started up an owned production facility in Luxembourg was benefit for a long time.It is convenient for management and integration of resources.The most important thing was the cost of product would be the least, thus could enhance the competitiveness of enterprises.So I think starting up an owned production facility in Luxembourg is better in the long run.
第四篇:企业战略管理考核方案
《证券投资分析》考核方案
课程名称:证券投资分析
周学时:2学时
课程性质:选课
考核方式:过程化考核
考核班级:会统系T11-1班
授课老师:刘现
成绩构成及考核标准
一、成绩构成期末成绩=平时成绩(30%)+期末成绩(70%)
平时成绩(百分制)=课堂出勤(20%)+课堂发言(20%)+作业(60%)期末成绩(百分制)=考核一(20%)+考核二(30%)+考核三(30%)
二、考核标准
(一)平时成绩考核
课堂出勤考核:出勤率×20=出勤分数;
课堂发言考核:发言三次及以上为20分,少一次扣5分,最少为0分。作业考核:三次作业,每次视完成情况为30-60分。
(二)期末成绩考核
考核一考核标准(百分制):基本分析(根据考核情况给予0-20分)
考核二考核标准(百分制):技术分析(根据考核情况给予0-20分)
考核三考核标准(百分制):综合分析(根据考核情况给予0-20分)
第五篇:2018年春季《项目管理》期末考核
期末作业考核
《项目管理》
满分100分
一、填空题(每空1分,共10分。)
1、在项目管理中,__ ___有责任创造一种气氛,使各项目干系人都能充分发挥各自的优势,以使项目得以成功实施。
2、__ ___是在项目干系人之间确认或建立一个对项目范围的共识,作为未来变更控制和项目决策的基准。
3、___ __就是利用图示技术来表示项目活动及其逻辑关系(依赖关系),它是活动排序过程的结果。常用的网络图有两种表现形式__ ___和_ ____。
4、在挣值管理中,主要考察的两个偏差是__ _ __、___ __。
5、有效的项目团队建设能够带来的根本结果是___ __。
6、由___ __负责确保所发送的信息清楚、明确和完整。
7、项目风险定量分析中,模拟方法最常见的技术是__ ___。
二、单选题(每题1分,共15分。)
1、项目“一次性”的含义是指()。A.项目的持续时间很短 B.项目有确定的开始和结束时间 C.项目将在未来一个不确定的时间结束 D.项目可以在任何时候取消
2、项目经理在哪种组织形式中权力最大()。A.项目式 B.职能式 C.矩阵式 D.协调式
3、你接受了一个高优级的任务,该任务需要在很短的时间内完成。因为你清楚需要做什么,你分配任务给不同的团队成员告诉他们在什么时候如何完成任务,你现在采用的管理风格为()。A.指导 B.自由式 C.委派 D.任务化
4、项目管理信息系统包括()。A.用于进度规划的项目管理软件
B.项目要求准备的所有报告的编制和分发方法 C.项目执行期间遵循的组织策略和程序 D.收集、整理、加工其他项目管理过程运行结果的工具和技术
5、下列有关项目范围的表述正确的是()。A.确定项目施工地点的范围 B.确定项目当事人和施工地点的范围 C.确定项目都要做什么工作 D.确定项目产品的范围
6、有一个经济援助项目的产品,最初可以定义为“提高社区最低收入居民的生活质量”。随着项目的进展,这个产品的可以确切地描述为“使社区中300位低收入居民可以获得食品和水”。最后更确切的描述为“提高农业生产和市场营销能力”。这表明了产品的特征是通过渐进明细的方式进行描述,尽管如此,项目的产品必须()。A.与项目范围定义相结合 B.根据项目干系人的要求进行调整 C.根据范围控制系统进行调整 D.符合项目发起人的战略规划
7、你的顾客通知你,项目范围变化了,扩大了70%,成 本也上升了3倍,你必须更改已经获得批准的项目进度计划(包括开始和结束时间),第一步要做的是()。A.重新设定基准计划 B.使用一个新的进度计划 C.修改合同 D.要求增加预算
8、项目成本预算可以用来衡量项目成本绩效,而成本估算分配到工作单元形成成本预算。一般来说,成本估算应当()。A.在项目启动前完成 B.在项目预算确定之前进行 C.在项目预算确定后进行 D.在项目执行阶段进行
9、你公司在为汽车工业制造轴承。你手头有一些以往已经识别的错误和缺陷的历时信息,你计划用这些信息保证未来的绩效。一个你要使用的合适的工具是()。A.散点图 B.统计抽样 C.控制图 D.趋势分析
10、质量的持续提高应当由谁来领导?()A.项目经理 B.高层管理层 C.干系人 D.员工
11、项目经理通过在团队中树立自己的信誉,促进自己与团队其他成员间的交流。()不利于树立项目经理的信誉
A.听取不同的意见,慎重权衡 B.尊重别人
C.为团队人员营造一个好的工作气氛 D.通过各种方式表明自己的专业知识于他人
12、在项目实施的整个过程中,强度最大是()。A.技术冲突 B.个性冲突 C.进度冲突 D.人力资源冲突
13、在每一个项目结束时,项目队伍都应该进行经验教训总结,以下哪一项不是重点?(A.与同一组织中的其他项目队伍分享最好的实践 B.列出运作不好的管理过程以警示他人 C.提供降低风险,确保成功的建议和方法
D.为了使本项目的经验将来在同一组织的其他项目中重复实施,只分享该项目做得好的方面
14、实施项目过程中很容易发生风险,这是因为()。A.每个项目在某些方面都是唯一的 B.项目组缺乏项目管理软件 C.项目组总是没有足够的资源 D.项目组缺乏风险管理的经验
15、当卖方违反合同时,买方不能获得()。A.补偿损失 B.惩罚性损害赔偿 C.规定的违约赔偿金 D.间接损失
三、多选题(每题2分,共20分。)
1、项目管理过程可以由()组成。A.自动过程 B.计划过程 C.执行和控制过程 D.收尾过程
2、项目经理权力的大小取决于()。A.公司采用的组织结构 B.项目的工期 C.项目对公司的重要性 D.项目的规模)
3、项目变更的主要原因有()。A.关于可交付成果的新信息 B.项目经理的更换
C.最初评估的项目目标发生失误 D.项目团队中关键成员的更换
4、项目范围说明书包括()。A.项目的合同性说明 B.项目范围的稳定性 C.目标的实现程度 D.成果的定量标准
5、下列表述错误的是()。
A.如果进度计划进行了修改,关键路径不会发生变化 B.如果时差为负,表示将在预定时间内提前完成项目 C.如果时差为正,表示将在预定时间内可以提前完成项目 D.如果时差为正,表示在预定时间内无法完成项目
6、如果项目制定更加详细的决策,就会导致增加项目的决策成本,但是也会减少项目的实施成本,在下列情况下制定更加详细的决策可行的是()。A.增加决策成本是1000元,但是减少项目的实施成本为1200元 B.增加的成本是900元,但是减少项目的实施成本为800元 C.增加的决策成本是500元,但是减少项目的实施成本为600元 D.增加的决策成本是2000元,但是减少项目的实施成本为1800元
7、下列表述正确的是()。A.内部招聘要花费大量的人员培训费用 B.内部招聘可供选择的范围有限 C.外部招聘要花费很多的时间和费用 D.内部招聘的人员能为项目组织带来创新思想
8、下面说法中正确的是()。A.项目沟通有单向沟通和双向沟通 B.项目沟通有上对下也有下对上的沟通 C.项目沟通项目团队内进行
D.项目沟通分为文字符号、语言动作沟通
9、导致项目风险造成的后果从哪些方面来衡量()。A.风险后果的大小 B.风险后果的性质 C.项目风险的影响 D.风险后果的时间性
10、评标首先对投标文件进行初评,主要是审查()。A.投标文件是否完整,是否合乎投标文件的要求 B.投标文件有无计算错误 C.投标的技术、经验和报价 D.是否提交了足够的保证金
四、判断题(每题1分,共5分。)
1.在项目式组织结构的公司中,其部门是按项目进行设置的。()2.项目活动之间只有FS一种逻辑关系。()1.项目小组队员主要是从公司外部招聘而来的。()
2.在双向沟通中,沟通主体和沟通客体两者的角色不断交换。()3.在选择供应商时,成本是唯一的决定因素。()
五、简答题(每题5分,共30分。)
1、简述职能型组织结构的优点和缺点。
2、简述项目整体计划执行的内容。
3、简述项目活动时间估算的主要工作。
4、简述项目成本预算的步骤。
5、简述项目人力资源管理与一般的人力资源管理具有哪些不同之处?
6、简述项目风险控制的流程。
六、流程图题(每题10分,共20分。)
1、项目经理委派流程。
2、项目人力资源管理流程。