汉英翻译实践第二讲

第一篇：汉英翻译实践第二讲

I.原文(Source Text)

京剧大师梅兰芳

梅兰芳是伟大的京剧表演艺术家。可他小时候却被认为是“言不出众，貌不惊人”，不是学戏的料1。

梅兰芳小时候是个没人管的野孩子2。他八岁开始学戏，由于天资不出众，学了多时还不能开口唱戏。他平时寡言少语，见了人也不会说话3，总是无精打采的，眼睛也没有一点儿神4。姑母说他不行，连老师教了一段时间后也丧失了信心，不愿意再教下去了。

梅兰芳人虽小，但挺懂事5，也有股倔强劲儿。“你们说我不行，我偏要学。”梅兰芳暗暗下了决心。

从此，梅兰芳一有空就站在院子里的空地上朝天上看6。蔚蓝的天空，常有鸽子飞过，梅兰芳就拼命地7抬起眼，盯住鸽子，目送它向远处飞去，眼睛一眨也不眨。开始很难受，眼睛又酸又累，还不住地流眼泪，眼皮也挺吃力的。但是梅兰芳不怕苦和累，一直坚持不断地练习。就这样，梅兰芳的眼睛变得越来越有神，为日后演戏奠定了基础。

„„*

就这样，梅兰芳从一个不是唱戏的料，成长为有独特风格的京剧表演艺术家。

8梅兰芳唱红了，自然点名要他唱戏的人就多了，当时有不少社会名流、巨商富豪想用金钱收买他，利用他的名望笼络人心，赚大钱。然而梅兰芳面对金钱从不动心。

一天，梅兰芳演完戏正在后台卸装9，一个有名的巨商走了进来，满脸堆笑地对他说：“梅先生演技高超，我实在佩服。这是一点小意思，聊表敬意。”说着递过来一张l万元的现金支票。梅兰芳知道那人另有企图，接过支票后看也不看，就划了根火柴把它烧了。他对那人说：“艺术是不能用金钱收买的，你走吧。”那个巨商碰了一鼻子灰10，向梅兰芳赔礼道歉后，就灰溜溜地走了。————————

* 此处省略了梅兰芳是如何练唱腔、练腿功、练表情的。

II.理解难点提示(Suggestions for Comprehension of Difficulties)1.“不是学戏的料”用的是什么修辞格？什么意思？

2.此处“没人管的野孩子”是否意为“没人管教，调皮捣蛋的孩子”？看文中提到了哪些亲人，亲人对他的态度如何。

3.“不会说话”是否意为梅兰芳还没有学会说话？ 4.这个“神”是表情、精神，还是光彩？ 5.这里的“懂事”是否意为“乖”、“听话”？考虑后面的“倔强劲儿”。

6.“站”与“看”哪是主要行为？

7.“拼命地”究竟是说明“抬起眼”还是说明“盯住”？ 8.“唱红了”是什么意思？ 9.“卸装”包括哪些行为？

10.“碰了一鼻子灰”是什么意思？ III.译文(Target Text)

Mei Lanfang--Great Master of Beijing Opera Mei Lanfang was a great performing artist of Beijing opera.But when a child, he was judged to be “of mediocre speech and plain appearance,” without the makings of an actor.1

In his childhood, Mei Lanfang was a neglected child2.He began to learn acting at 8, but with mediocre endowment, he remained unable to act at all after having learnt for a long time.Usually taciturn, he wasn’t good at talking to people, always listless with lackluster eyes3.His aunt said that he was no good, and, having taught him for some time, even his master lost confidence and refused4 to go on teaching him.Child as he was, he was rather sensible, and stubborn, too.“You say I’m no good, but I will go on learning,” he said to himself, making up his mind.From then on, he would, whenever he was free5, stand in the clear space in the yard looking up at the sky.From time to time there were pigeons flying across the blue sky, and he would look up and strain his eyes to follow them into the distance6, never winking7.At first, it was painful8, and his eyes were sore and tired, with tears running and eyelids overstrained.But he persisted in training in spite of pain and tiredness.In this way, his eyes became brighter and brighter, which helped9 to lay a good foundation for his acting in days to come.…

Thus Mei Lanfang developed from a person who hadn’t got the makings of an actor into a performing artist of Beijing opera with a unique style.When he became successful as an actor, it was natural that many people would name him to act for them.At that time, not a few social celebrities, tycoons and rich and powerful people hoped to buy him off10 and make fortunes by exploiting his popularity.But he was never moved by money11.One day, he was backstage, removing his makeup and costume, when12 a rich merchant came in and said to him, all smiles, “I’m most impressed by your excellent acting, Mr.Mei.Here is a mere trifle for you, to show my respect.” So saying, he handed over a 10000-yuan check.Mei Lanfang, knowing that the man had other fish to fry13, took over the check, struck a match and burnt it without looking.He said to the man, “Art can’t be bought off with money.So beat it14.” Snubbed15, the man apologized to Mei Lanfang and went away in disgrace16.IV.表达解说(Explanation of Expression)1.have the makings(of)意为have the possibility of developing(into)，正是“是做„„的料”的意思。值得注意的是，一用have，一用“是”。

2.这里“管”是“照料”的意思。“没人管的”译为neglected是反说正译法。

3.原文四个分句呈竹节式结构，译文以he wasn’t good at talking to people为主，分出三个层次，译为葡萄式结构。

4.“不愿意”以正说法译为refused。

5.谓语部分较长，whenever he was free 较短，按英语先短后长(或者说句句末重心)的原则，置于动词stand之前。

6.“拼命地”实际上是修饰“盯住”的，但不能译followed hard，得译为strained his eyes to follow。一旦用了follow，就不能再将“飞”译为fly，而必须使用其习惯搭配：follow sb.to / into/ out of a place。the distance前用in(位置)或into(运动)。

7.winking暗含着eyes，his eyes不再译出来。8.“开始很难受”前省去的主语是“梅兰芳”，但painful是“令人痛苦的/令人难受的，主语必须变为指这件事的it。

9.练好眼睛只是演戏的基础的一个方面，所以译为which helped to lay…。10.“笼络”的具体手段是用钱收买，译为buy him off。11.原文以主动式说“对„„动心”，译文变为被动式was never moved。这提醒我们，翻译时英语被动式，有时可用原主语做主语，换个动词译为主动式。

12.某事正进行，另一件新的事情发生，英语用sth.was happening, when…。表面上看颠倒了修饰关系，但重点恰恰是后面的when从句。

13.“另有企图”译为习语have other fish to fry，具有贬义，恰好符合这里的上下文。14.“你走吧！”是下逐客令，不客气，译为 “So beat it.”风格一致。

15.“碰一鼻子灰”是习语。碰到了墙上，鼻子上才有灰，所以“碰一鼻子灰”就是“碰到了墙上”，说穿了就是被人很不客气地拒绝。英语没有相当的习语，译为Snubbed。16.“灰溜溜”就来源于“碰一鼻子灰”，但只能译出修辞意义in disgrace。

课后练习：

王 冕 吴敬梓

虽然如此说，元朝末年，也曾出了一个光明磊落的人。这人姓王名冕，在诸暨县乡村里住。七岁上死了父亲，他母亲做些针指，供给他到村学堂里去读书。看看三个年头，王冕已是十岁了。母亲唤他到面前来说道：“儿啊，不是我有心要耽误你，只因你父亲亡后，我一个寡妇人家，只有出去的，没有进来的；年岁不好，柴米又贵；这几件旧衣服和些旧家伙，当的当了，卖的卖了；只靠着我替人家做些针指生活寻来的钱，如何供得你读书？如今没奈何，把你雇在间壁人家放牛，每月可以得他几钱银子，你又有现成饭吃，只在明日就要去了。”

王冕道：“娘说的是。我在学堂里坐着，心里也闷，不如往他家放牛倒快活些。假如我要读书，依旧可以带几本去读。”当夜商议定了。

第二日，母亲同他到间壁秦老家。秦老留着他母子两个吃了早饭，牵出一条水牛来交与王冕。

王冕自此只在秦家放牛，每到黄昏，回家跟着母亲歇息。或遇秦家煮些腌鱼腊肉给他吃，他便拿块荷叶包了来家，递与母亲。每日点心钱，他也不买了吃，聚到一两个月，便偷了空，走到村学堂里，见那闯学堂的书客，就买几本旧书。日逐把牛拴了，坐在柳阴树下看。

(选自《儒林外史》)

第二篇：汉英翻译

白菜

Chinese cabbage

密码

password 手机

mobile phone

救火

to fight a fire 早恋

puppy love

买一赠一

Buy one，get one free.青春痘

acne

长镜头

zoom lens 方便面

instant noodles

隐形眼镜

contact lens 绿豆

mung bean

卧室

bedroom 试穿

to try sth.on

食言

break a promise 番茄酱

ketchup

酸奶

yoghurt 戴绿帽子

to cuckold sb.黄色书籍

pornography book 高等学校

higher school

农民

farmer 宣传

popularize

物美价廉

economical and good 你红光满面

You look healthy and energetic.他是个气管炎

He is a hen-pecked man.假花

artificial flower

假唱

lip-synch 假钞

counterfeit money

假酒

adulterated wine 假新闻

pseudo-news

恶性循环

vicious circle 恶性肿瘤

malignant tumor

恶性通货膨胀

inflationary spiral

词组翻译

一窝蜜蜂

a swarm of bees

一窝小鸡

a brood of chickens 一窝幼犬

a litter of pups

一群美女

a bevy of beautiful ladies 一群猎狗 a pack of hounds 一群鸭

a team of ducks 一群羚羊

a herd of antelopes 积极支持

unfailing support 积极的财政政策

proactive fiscal policy 积极利用国外资源 make effective use of overseas resource 1.富华家具带给您典雅的欧陆风情。

You will be enchanted by the unique European style of Fuhua furniture.2.他们讲索求，我们讲贡献。

They preach taking from others，whereas we advocate giving to others.3.她追求的是真理，而他追求的是荣华富贵。

What she seeks is truth，and what he hankers after is nothing but high position and great wealth.4.在整个改革开放过程中都要反对腐败。

Throughout the process of reform and opening, we must combat corruption.5.阿Q将衣服摔在地上，吐一口唾沫，说：“这毛虫”！Ah Q flung his jacket on the ground，spat，and swore，“Hairy worm！”

6.他抓住了小偷的衣服。

He seized the pickpocket by the collar.7.他走进屋里，大衣上尽是雪，鼻子冻得通红。

He entered the room，his coat covered with snow and his nose red with cold.8.金杯牌充气床垫工艺先进，结构新颖，造型美观，款式繁多，舒适大方，携带方便。

The “Golden Cup”Brand air-filled bed cushions are made in advanced technology.With novel structure,beautiful shape and various patterns,they are comfortable and convenient to carry.9.匪军所至，杀戮人民，奸淫妇女，焚毁村庄，掠夺财物，无所不用其极。Wherever they went,they massacred and raped,burned and looted,and stopped at nothing.10.他们意气风发。They are in high spirits.11.他们喜形于色。They beamed with joy.12.他们眼明手快。

He is of quick of eye and deft of hand.13.这篇文章浅显易懂。

This article is easy to read and understand.14.我对他敬而远之。I stood aloof from him.15.人群渐渐地安静了下来。The crowd came to silence.16.一座古塔阴森森地矗立在山腰上。

An ancient pagoda frowns on the mountainside.17.但一部小说开掘得深不深，艺术和思想是否有过人之处，的确不在题材大小。But the depth of a novel,or the excellence of its artistry and idea,does not depend on whether it has a grand theme.18.他的粗鲁行为使我很震惊。His rudeness shocked me.19.远近/长短/大小/高矮 distance/length/size/height

20.本公司生产的地毯美丽大方,光彩夺目，富丽堂皇。

The carpets made in our company are beautiful and magnificent.21.目标的轻重缓急，孰轻孰重应该仔细研究，认真考虑和反复推敲。Target priorities should be very carefully studied.22.那件令人不快的事件，已经搞得满城风雨，人人皆知了。There has been much publicity about the unpleasant case.23.他想远走高飞，免得心烦。He sought the distraction of distance.24.这只船容易颠覆，因为它造型不合理。

This boat is apt to overturnbecause it is unreasonably shaped.25.厨房又脏又乱。

The kitchen was in a mess.26.他不参加比赛，我感到很失望。

To my disappointment，he did not attend the competition.27.父亲不赞成地看着他。

Father looked at him in disapproval.28.他惊讶地望着我。

He looked at me in amazement.29.他起得很早，且一向如此。

He rose early，as he had always done.30.他与侵略者合作，出卖了自己的国家。

He collaborated with the invaders and betrayed his motherland.31.那个人醉心名利。

That chap is infatuated with fame and fortune.32.在加州发现黄金的消息轰动全国。

News of the discovery of gold in California excited the nation.33.政府支持这个项目。

The government is behind this project.34.1949年中国发生了翻天覆地的变化。1949 witnessed great changes in China.35.5月1日会议开幕了。

May day saw the opening of the meeting.36.我一时记不起他的名字。

His name escaped my memory for the moment.37.选择朋友，越谨慎越好。

One can never be too careful in the choice of one’s friends.38.今年的十月一号是个星期五。

The National Day of this year falls on a Friday.39.那里的工艺品品种齐全，价格公道，质量可靠。

The arts and crafts there are complete in range ,reasonable in price and reliable in quality.40.听到敲门声，我顿时睡意全消。

The knock on the door made me wide awake.41.生活的浮沉使他变得颓废。

The ups and downs of his life made him prop out.42.他又厚着脸皮要钱了吗？

Did he have the cheek to ask for more money？

43.听那个鬼故事时，我简直要吓死了。

I was scared to death when listening to that ghost story.44.他家里有好多张嘴要喂。

He has many mouths to feed in his family.45.这对年轻的夫妇并不相配，一个是西施，一个是张飞。

This young couple is not well matched，one is a Xi Shi--a famous Chinese beauty，while the other is a Zhang Fei--a well-known ill-tempered brute.46.我很瞧不起他，他是个马屁精。

I look down upon him，for he is such an apple polisher.47.由于距离远，又缺乏交通工具，使农村社会与外界隔绝，而这种隔绝，又由于通讯工具不足而变得更加严重。

The isolation of the rural world，because of distance and lack of tansport facilities，is compounded by the paucity of the information media.48.当时，车辆横冲直撞，严重地威胁着城市生活，路上行人无不提心吊胆。The present onslaught of vehicles poses a serious threat to urban life and pedestrian peace of mind.49.他有一种令人难堪的习惯：一会儿一个看法，自相矛盾，变化无常。He has a disgusting habit of expressing contradictory ideas in rapid succession.50.请允许我代表中国体操协会向参加这次邀请赛的朋友们表示热烈的欢迎。Please allow me，on behalf of the Chinese Gymnastics Association，to extend a warm welcome to all our friends who have come for the Tournament.51.全城披上节日盛装。

The whole city is in holiday array.52.小汽车盘旋着，穿过村庄，翻越峡谷，沿着一条因解冻而涨水的小溪行驶。The car wound through the village and up a narrow valley,following a thaw-swollen stream。

53.有些时装设计师为了赶时髦，舍弃了优雅别致的式样，而一味追求袒胸露体的奇装异服。

In line with the latest trends in fashion, a few designers have been sacrificing elegance to audacity.54.不过我们说到故事后头去了。But we are getting ahead of the story.55.请先走。/请走在前面。After you.56.我走在厚厚的地毯上，一点声音也没有。The thick carpet killed the sound of my footsteps.57.我们可借助专门的仪器观察到电波在传播。

With the help of a special instrument we can observe the electric waves travelling along.58.国家不论大小贫富，都应一律平等。

All nations，large or small，rich or poor，should be equal.59.如蒙早日寄来样品或产品册，不胜感激。

It would be appreciated if samples or brochure could be soon sent to us.60.他过马路时，左顾右盼，害怕撞到过路的车。

While crossing the street,he looked right and left ,for fear that he might run into some passing car.61.我访问了一些地方，遇到了不少人，要谈起来，奇妙的事可多着呢。

There are many wonderful stories to tell about the places I visited and the people I met.62.来宾请出示入场券。

Visitors are requested to show their tickets.63.约翰真的爱玛丽，而玛丽也爱约翰。

John actually loved Mary and was loved in return.64.人的思想形成语言，而语言有影响了人的思想。Language is shaped by, and shapes, human thought.65.干得很顺手，上汽车没到三分钟，一个钱包就到手了，鼓鼓囊囊的，看来钱不少。

An easy work.Hardly three minutes on the bus ,and he had laid hands on a purse, bulgy, apparently full of money.66.父亲毕竟比她多吃了几年盐，她的男朋友是什么样的人，父亲一看就知道。After all,father has much more worldly experience than her.So he will be able to tell, at a glance,what kind of man her boyfriend is.67.但他性情与人不同，不求名利，不交朋友，终日只是忙于自己的本职工作。He is , however, eccentric.He does not seek fame and gain,and does not like to make friends.Every day he is only engaged in his own job.68.一定要言行一致，理论与实践密切结合，反对华而不实和任何虚夸，少说空话，多做工作，扎扎实实，埋头苦干。

Deed and word must match and theory and practice must be closely intergrated.We must reject flashiness without substance and every sort of boasting.There must be less empty talk and more hard work.We must be steadfast and dedicated.69.当真理被埋在地下的时候，它在生长，它感到压抑，它蓄存着这么一种爆炸性力量，一旦冒出，它就会炸破一切！

When truth is buried under the ground it grows, it chokes, it gathers such an explosive force that on the day it bursts out,it blows up everything with it.70.世界上一些国家发生问题，从根本上说，都是因为经济上不去，没有饭吃，没有衣穿，没有房住，工资增长被通货膨胀抵消，生活水平下降，大批人下岗和失业，长期过紧日子。

Basically, the root cause for social unrest in some countries lies in their failure to boost their economy.Consequently,the lack food, clothing and shelter, and their wage increases are offset by inflation.With a decline in living standards, widespread layoffs and unemployment, people have to suffer chronic hardships.71.40年来，武汉杂技在继承了传统杂技的基础上，大胆吸收其他姊妹艺术之长，运用多种艺术手段，将布景，灯光，道具，美术融为一体，使杂技表演成为综合性的表演艺术。

For 40 years，based on traditional acrobatic techniques，Wuhan acrobatics has absorbed bravely the strong points of other sister arts and mixed together scenery，lighting，costume and fine art by all kinds of artistic methods so that the acrobatic performance becomes a comprehensive art of performance.72.他俩能在地里找口粗茶淡饭，完全是靠丈夫起早贪黑的耕作。

It was only by the busband’s incessant labor that they could draw a meager living from their land.73.听了这话，他笑了，双唇合成一条曲线，露出一副悔恨的样子。但两眼仍熠熠发光，脉脉含情。这种感情她不敢认同。

He smileed at that, with a rueful curve of his lips, but his eyes were alight with emotion she was afraid to identify.74.她身材矮小，容貌端庄，鼻子俏丽，头发光亮鉴人。

Although she was both short and slender，she had a dignified and elegant countenance，a fine nose and shinny hair.75.凭窗站了一会儿，微微地觉得凉意侵人。转过身来，忽然眼花缭乱，屋子里的别的东西，都隐在光云里。

Standing at the window for a while, I felt a big chill.As I turned round,my eyes suddenly dazzled before the bright light and could not see things distinctly.Everything in the room was blurred by a haze of light.76.蜗阳苔干，名优特产，驰名中外，声震古今，翠绿，鲜嫩，清脆，可口，有“天然海蜇”之称；清乾隆年间奉献皇宫，故又名“贡菜”。

Taigan(a kind of dry stemmed vegetable)is a famous special local product of Woyang,Anhui Province.It is well-known all over the world.It can be regarded as “jellyfish on land”.It’s green, tender,crisp and pleasant to taste.It was once an article of tribute in the Qing Dynasty.

第三篇：高级口译翻译汉英口译实践40篇

高级口译翻译汉英口译实践40篇(1)第一篇 回顾与展望

回顾过去，东亚地区发生了深刻变化，取得了巨大进步。展望未来，我们可以满怀信心地说，推功东亚经济和社会发展达到新的水平，已经具备了比较良好的条件。

In retrospect, profound changes and tremendous progress have taken place in East Asia.Looking ahead, we can say with full confidence that relatively sound conditions exist for East Asia to raise its economic and social development to a new level.维护地区的和平与稳定，发展经济科技，扩大互利合作，促进共同繁荣，成为东亚各国的共识。东亚国家致力于在相互尊重、平等相待、互不干涉内政的基础上发展相互关系，通过友好协商妥善处理存在的某些分歧。东亚政局稳定，国家关系良好。这为东亚各国保持经济持续增长，发展经济合作，创造了重要的前提条件。

It has become the shared understanding of East Asian countries to maintain regional peace and stability, develop the economy, science and technology, expand mutually beneficial cooperation, and promote common prosperity.East Asian countries are committed to the development of their relations on the basis of mutual respect, treating one another as equals and non-interference in one another’s internal affairs and properly addressing some existing differences through friendly consultations.With political stability, East Asian countries enjoy good relations among themselves.This has provided an important prerequisite for the sustained economic growth of East Asian countries and the development of their economic cooperation.东亚国家具有相当的经济实力，有的进入了发达阶段，有的踏上了新兴工业化的航程，有的正在步入快速发展的行列。这一地区拥有丰富的劳动力资源和自然资源，各国都在按照自己的实际情况确定发展战略，不断调整产业结构，转变增展方式，促进科技进步，加强对外经济联系。这为东亚各国开展经济合作提供了广阔的空间。

East Asian countries have built up significant economic strength.Some have entered the developed stage, others have joined the rank of newly industrialized nations, and still other shave embarked on the road of rapid growth.Endowed with rich human and natural resources,countries in this region have formulated their development strategies in light of their actual conditions, constantly readjusted their industrial structure, effected shifts in modes of growth,promoted scientific and technological progress, and strengthened external economic exchanges.All this has provided a broad scope for East Asian countries to engage in economic cooperation.东亚各国人民在漫长的历史实践中创造了自己的优秀文化。这种文化传统，以社会集体为重，崇尚自尊自强、艰苦奋斗、勤劳节俭、谦虚好学的美德，处理人际关系提倡和洽协调，对待国际关系主张和平共处。这是宝贵的精神财富。只要东亚各国结合本国的实际，顺应时代的潮流，弘扬和运用这些具有东方特色的文化传统和智慧，同时经济吸取世界各国人民创造的一切进步文明成果，就可以为不断发展东亚经济合作提供精神动力。

Through their long histories, the peoples of East Asian countries have created their own fine cultural traditions.These cultural traditions attach great value to social communities uphold such virtues as self-strengthening arduous effort, industriousness, frugality, modesty and eagerness to learn.They stress harmony in handling human relations and stand for peaceful coexistence in international relations.These cultural conditions constitute valuable spiritual legacy.As long as East Asian countries keep up with the trend of the times and carry forward and apply those cultural traditions and wisdom with oriental features in light of their actual national conditions while vigorously absorbing all fruits of human progress and civilization, the development of economic cooperation in East Asia will be further boosted by these spiritual motivations.总之，从政治、经济、文化、地缘等各方面看，东亚都是当今世界一支不可忽视的力量。东亚经济发展的前景是光明的。

All in all, East Asia in today’s world is a force that cannot be ignored politically, economically, culturally or geographically.The prospect for East Asia’s economic development is promising.当然，在充分看到东亚经济发展取得成就的同时，也要正视前进中存在的困难和障碍。例如，东亚国家不同程度地存在不合理的经济结构，不健全的金融体制，粗放型的增长方式，滞后的基础设施建设，以及沉重的人口和环保压力等问题，都需要认真对待，切实加以解决。Of course, while fully recognizing the economic achievements in East Asia, we must also look squarely into the difficulties and obstacles on the road ahead.For instance East Asian countries suffer, to varying degrees, from untenable economic structures, flawed financial systems, crude modes of growth, backward infrastructures and the enormous pressures brought about by over-population and the increasing need for environmental controls.These problems need to be addressed seriously and resolved effectively.近年来发生在东南亚的金融危机，给人们以深刻启示。金融体系的正常运行，对经济全局的稳定和发展至关重要。在各国经济联系日益密切的条件下，保持健康稳定的金融形势，需要各国在完善金融的体制、政策和监管上进行努力，需要加强国际和地区的金融合作，需要共同防范国际游资过度投机。这样才能有效地维护国际金融秩序。

Southeast Asia’s recent financial crisis has taught people a profound lesson.Normal functioning of the financial system is crucial to overall economic stability and development.To maintain a sound and stable financial order in a closely intertwined global economy, it is imperative for countries to work to improve there financial system, policies and supervision,to strengthen both regional and international financial cooperation and jointly ward off excessive speculation by international hot money.Only by doing so can we effectively maintain the international financial order.我们相信，经过共同努力，东亚各国人民一定能够在新的世纪中，创造更加美好的未来。We believe that as long as we work together, the peoples of East Asia will certainly build a better future in the new century.高级口译翻译汉英口译实践40篇(2)第二篇 回归颂

香港回归祖国诗中华民族的盛事，也是全世界瞩目的一件大事。中华民族雪洗了百年耻辱，振奋了民族精神，感到无比的骄傲和自豪。

The return of Hong Kong to the motherland is botha great victory for the Chinese nation and a greatevent attracting worldwide attention.It has wipedout the century-old humiliation of the Chinesenation and activated the national spirit, and we arevery proud of it.香港实现平稳过渡，标志着邓小平“一国两制”构想的巨大成功，对澳门回归和解决台湾问题，实现祖国完全统一将起到积极的推动作用。香港自回归祖国以来，保持了原有的社会、经济制度不变，生活方式不变和法律基本不变，“一国两制”、“港人治港”、高度自治的方针和香港特别行政区基本法得到全面贯彻执行。香港社会稳定，人心稳定，经济保持稳健运行。The smooth transition of power in Hong Kong is a great success attributable to DengXiaoping’s concept of “one country, two systems” and will facilitate the return of Macao to themotherland and the solution of the Taiwan issue, all with a view to achieving the completereunification of the motherland.Since its return, Hong Kong’s previous socioeconomic systemand way of life have remained unchanged and its laws have been kept basically unchanged.Thepolicies of “one country, two systems”, and “Hong Kong people administering Hong Kong” witha high degree of autonomy, and the Basic Law of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Regionhave been implemented in an all-round way.Hong Kong now enjoys social stability, itsresidents have a sense of security and its economy is developing smoothly.中央政府全力支持香港特别行政区政府的工作，支持香港为应付东南亚金融风暴的冲击而采取的措施。我们高兴地看到，香港特别行政区作为独立的选举单位，选出自己的全国人大代表，出席本次大会，参与管理国家大事。香港回归祖国以来已经有了一个良好的开端，也一定会有更加美好的未来。

The central government has given full support to the government of HKSAR in its work and inthe measures it has taken for dealing with the impact of the financial crises in Southeast Asiancountries.We are pleased to see that, as an independent constituency, HKSAR has electeddeputies to attend this congress and participate in the administration of state affairs.HongKong’s return has had a good beginning and Hong Kong’s future will be even brighter.高级口译翻译汉英口译实践40篇(3)第三篇 文化交流

现代化的交通、电信与大众传媒手段使世界越来越小，国际社会如同一个地球村，居住在地球村里的各国人民在文化交流和冲撞中和睦相处、彼此尊重、共求发展。

Modern means of transportation,telecommunication and mass media have shortenedthe geographical distance of the world.Theinternational community appears to be no morethan a global village, in which peoples of all nationsexperience the inevitable cultural exchanges andclashes, while seeking common development in a harmonious and respectful relationship.我赞同这种的看法：当代社会的民族文化不可能在自我封闭的状态下得到发展。在我看来，不同的文化应该相互学习，取长补短。当然，在广泛的文化交流中，一个民族的文化必须保持本民族的鲜明特色。我认为，文化交流不是让外来文化吞没自己的文化，而是为了丰富各民族的文化。I’m with the view that in this modern world, the culture of any nation cannot develop inisolation.And I believe that different cultures should learn from each other’s strengths tooffset their own weaknesses.Of course, the culture of a nation must withhold its owndistinctive national characteristics in its extensive exchange with other cultures.Culturalexchange, I think, is by no means a process of losing one’s own culture to a foreign culture,but a process of enriching each other’s national curltures.高级口译翻译汉英口译实践40篇(4)第四篇 外交基石

中国将坚定不移地综合执行和平独立的外交政策。中国的外交政策是为了争取长期健康的国际环境，尤其是争取有利于中国社会主义现代化建设的环境，有利于维护世界和平、促进共同发展的环境。

China will unswervingly carry out its independentforeign policy of peace in a comprehensive manner.China’s foreign policy serves to gain a long-term,sound international environment.Particularly, thepolicy aims to achieve an environment conduciveto China’s socialist modernization drive, the maintenance of world peace and the promotionof joint development.中国将继续加强同发展中国家，特别是周边国家的积极关系，坚持睦邻友好的政策。我们要贯彻中国—东盟伙伴关系。我们要进一步在广泛领域里同西方发达国家进行合作与交流。我们要加强同非洲、拉丁美洲、南亚、中欧和东欧的团结与合作，努力建立公正与合理的国际政治秩序和国际经济秩序。

China will continue to foster positive relationships with the developing countries and especiallysurrounding countries, persisting in a good-neighborly and friendly policy.We will implementthe outcome of the China-ASEAN informal summit and intensify the China-ASEANpartnership of mutual trust oriented toward the 21st century.We will further developextensive cooperation and exchange with the developed countries of the west in a widerange of areas.We will also strengthen unity and cooperation with countries in Africa, LatinAmerica, South Asia, and Central and Eastern Europe, striving to establish a just and rationalinternational political and economic order.中国还将继续参与全球性、洲际性和地区性的多边外交活动，在联合国改革、地区冲突、维护和平、裁军、军备控制和环境保护方面发挥建设性的作用。

China will continue to take part in multilateral diplomatic activities of a global, intercontinentaland regional nature, and play a constructive role in the affairs of UN reform, the settlement ofregional conflicts, peace-keeping, disarmament, arms control and environmental protection.高级口译翻译汉英口译实践40篇(5)第五篇 南方园林

中国园林可分为御花园和私家花园两类。前者多见于北方，后者则多见于南方，尤以苏州、无锡和南京三地为甚。

Chinese gardens can be divided into two categories,the imperial and the private.The former are seenmost frequently in northern China, while more of thelatter can be found in the south, especially inSuzhou, Wuxi and Nanjing.南方私家花园中的溪、桥、山、亭、小巧玲珑，布局精明，尽显其自然美，令人赏心悦目。桥大多为石桥，有直桥、曲桥、拱桥。直桥其实是一块不加装饰的石板，通常与河岸或河水齐高，给人一种临水的感觉。曲桥设有低栏杆，西湖上的九曲桥就属此桥。拱桥可以分为单拱桥和多拱桥两种。园内的小溪虽占地不多，却同小桥与石屿相得益彰，浑然一体。

Small and delicate, cleverly laid out and pleasing to eye, the streams, bridges, rockeries andpavilion of a private Chinese garden reveal a natural beauty of their own.Most of the bridges inthese gardens are of stone, including straight, winding and arched bridges.The straight bridgeconsists of just one stone slab without any decoration, and is usually level with the riverbankor with the river to make the visitors feel as if they are surrounded by water.The winding bridgehas low balustrades.The arch bridges can be divided into the single-arch and the multi-archvarieties.Streams in these gardens do not cover a large area, but fit in well with bridges andislets to yield a uniformed effect.石头与假山是中国南方园林的特色。奇形怪状的石头常带有引人注目的波纹线条和水孔。硕大的石头可自成一景，而较小的石块则堆积成假山，为园林增添无比魅力。走廊是中国园林的另一大特色，有河边的河廊，花丛中的花廊，柳树丛中的柳廊，竹林中的竹廊。对客人来说，这些走廊可谓是优秀导游，在一座大花园里沿廊而行，可以观赏园内的各处景观。

Rocks and rockeries are special features of southern Chinese gardens.Stones of grotesqueforms are often attractive with undulated lines and water holes.Some large stones formsceneries of their own, while smaller ones are put together to form artificial hills to add to thefantastic attractiveness of the garden.Corridors form another feature of Chinese gardens.There are water corridors built along a riverside, flower corridors inserted among flowers, willowcorridors among rows of willow, and bamboo corridors among rows of bamboo.For visitors,these corridors are good travel guides leading to various views of a big garden.形态各异的窗户点缀在走廊上，有方形，有圆形，有六角形，也有八角形。许多窗户的图案也都装饰得非常美丽，游客可以透过这些艳丽多彩的走廊窗户，将园内的佳境尽收眼底。园林的大门同窗户一样也雕刻成各种形状，给环境带来了生气，增添了雅趣。

Corridors are dotted by windows of various shapes—square, round, hexagonal and octagonal.Many of the windows are decorated with very beautiful patterns and designs.Tourists can havean excellent view of the garden through these colorful corridor windows.The doors to thegardens, like the windows, are also carved in many different shapes, to bring more vividnessand elegance to the surroundings.花园的墙壁通常粉刷成白色。隐匿在鲜花、树木、小山丛中的白墙，与灰瓦褐窗形成强烈的反差。白墙上树影婆娑，池塘中柳枝起舞，在园中徜徉的游客，也许能在这室外桃园里真正地享受片刻安宁。

Walls of these gardens are usually painted white.Hidden among the flowers, trees and hills,white walls stand in sharp contrast to the gray tiles and brown windows.Strolling about thesegardens, with the tree shadows swaying on the white wall and willow reflections dancing in theponds, tourists may then find themselves truly enjoying a moment of peace and relaxation inthis paradise beyond the turmoil of the world.高级口译翻译汉英口译实践40篇(6)第6篇 问题

问题是中国的内政，不应该影响中英关系的发展。至于喇嘛所说的他不要求独立，只要高度自治，这已不是他第一次提出来的。这只是他想在恢复统治、进而取得独立的第一步。事实已经证明喇嘛从未放弃独立的企图。他继续在国际舞台上从事类似活动。我们希望他放弃自己的立场，停止祖国的活动，承认中华人民共和国政府是代表全中国的唯一合法政府。只有在这样的条件下才能进行谈判。The issue of is an internal affair of China whichshould not influence the development of Sino-Britishrelations.As for the Dalai Lama’s remarks that he did not want to achieve independence of ,but high level autonomy, this is not the first time he has made this proposal.This is merelythe first step toward restoration of his rule over prior to achieving independence.Facts haveproved that Dalai Lama has never given up his attempt to gain independence for.He iscontinuously carrying out such activities in the international arena.We hope he can give up hisposition and stop his activities to split the motherland, and recognize the government of thePeople's Republic of China as the only legal government representing the whole of China.Onlyunder such circumstances can negotiations be conducted.高级口译翻译汉英口译实践40篇(7)联合国

联合国会议应该是一个讨论人类共同面临的问题、促进事业发展的场所。推动进步是人类的共同愿望。然而，是一个有历史渊源的发展的概念。人类的状况因每个国家的经济发展水平、社会制度、文化传统、历史背景和价值观念的不同而有所不同。因此有争议是自然的。这些争议可以通过磋商、对话和不干涉别国的内政加以解决，这已成为国际社会的共识。

The UN Human Rights Conference should be a placewhere the common problems of mankind arediscussed and the human rights cause promoted.It is the common wish of mankind to pushforward progress in human rights.However, the human rights concept is a developmentalconcept stemming from history.Human rights conditions vary due to the differences ofindividual countries in terms of economic development, social system, cultural tradition,historical background and value concepts.It is natural that disputes arise.The disputes can behandled through consultation and dialogue without some countries interfering in othercountries’ internal affairs.This has long been the consensus within the internationalcommunity.我认为，一个国家的状况如何应该依据这个国家的普通老百姓能否享有政治权、经济权、文化权、受教育权以及生存权来衡量。中国人民在中国状况问题上最有发言权。中国作为一个发展中国家，其状况有双重含义：首先我们的状况正在发展和改善。其次，正因为我们的状况仍在发展过程中，因而有些问题的出现是不可避免的，需要得到改进。因为不完善，所以需要发展。

In my view, a country's human rights conditions should be estimated based on whether or notthe general public of the country can enjoy political, economic, cultural, educational andsubsistence rights.The Chinese people are most eligible to have a say in the issue regardingthe human rights situation in China.As China is a developing country, its human rights situationhas a two-fold meaning: Firstly, our human rights conditions are developing and improving;and secondly, as they are still in the process of development, some problems unavoidableexist and need improving.Because human rights are not perfect, they need to develop.了解中国历史的人都知道，中国目前的状况是历史上最好的。同过去相比，我们有充分的言论自由。有个海外朋友告诉我，他在访问北京后发现那里的人敢说任何事。他们谈论政府的政策，有表示赞同的，也有提出批评的。中国现在更加开放。当然，每个民族有自己的民族特点，这些特点应该受到别人的尊重。中华民族有自己的思维方式和生活方式，应该受到其他民族的尊重。

Anyone who knows about Chinese history believes that the current human rights situation inChina is the best in history.Compared to the past, we are very free in speech.An overseasfriend told me that after he visited Beijing he discovered that people there would dare sayanything.They talked about the central government's policies, and praised or criticized them.China is now opening even wider.Of course, each nationality has its own national features whichshould be respected.The Chinese nation also has its own mode of thinking and life, whichshould be respected by other nations.中国政府一直十分重视问题，并按普遍原则和具体国情为的改善付出了很大的努力。20年的改革开放大大改善了中国人民的物质生活。此外，随着国家民主法治建设的日趋完善，中国人民在民主监督、参政议政和宗教信仰等方面享有更多的政治权利。迄今为止，中国已加入了18项国际公约，其中包括《经济、社会与文化权利国际公约》和《公民权利与政治权利国际公约》。中国将继续努力促进的进步，并愿意为全球的事业作出应有的贡献。

The Chinese government has always attached great importance to the issue of human rightsand made great efforts in improving human rights according to the general principles andconcrete national conditions.20 years of reform and opening up have witnessed greatimprovement in the material life of the Chinese people.Moreover, with the increasingperfection of the nation's democratic and legal construction, they are enjoying more politicalrights in democratic supervision, participation in and discussion on politics and religiousbelief.China has so far signed 18 international agreements on human rights, including theCovenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights and the Covenant on Civil and Political Rights.China will continue to make efforts to promote progress in human rights, and is willing tomake its due contribution to the cause of global human rights.高级口译翻译汉英口译实践40篇(8)第8篇 中餐烹饪与菜系

说起中餐，人们都知道中餐烹饪以其“色、香、味、形”俱全而著称于世。中国悠久的历史、广袤的疆土、好客的习俗，这些都孕育了中餐烹饪的独特艺术。中餐烹饪讲究原料的选配、食物的质地、佐料的调制、切菜的刀工、适时的烹调，以及装盘艺术。最负盛名的中餐菜系有南方的粤菜、北方的鲁菜、东部的淮扬菜和西部的川菜，素有“南淡北咸，东甜西辣”之特点。

In terms of Chinese food, it is popularly recognizedthat Chinese cuisine is world-famous for its perfectcombination of “color, aroma, taste and appearance”.China's unique culinary art owes itselfto the country's long history, vast territory and hospitable tradition.Chinese cuisine givesemphasis to the selection of raw materials, the texture of food, the blending of seasoningsslicing techniques, the perfect timing of cooking and the art of laying out the food on the plate,among the best-known schools of Chinese culinary tradition are the Cantonese cuisine of thesouth, the Shandong cuisine of the north, the Huai-Yang cuisine of the east and the Sichuancuisine of the west.These four major varieties of Chinese food have been traditionally noted as“the light flavor of the south, the salty flavor of the north, the sweet flavor of the east andthe spicy-hot flavor of the west”.高级口译翻译汉英口译实践40篇(9)第9篇 全面合作

我们双方已一致同意建立面向21世纪的睦邻互信伙伴关系。为了实现这个目标，我愿在这里提出以下几点意见：ur twosides have agreed to establish a good-neighborlypartnership of mutual trust oriented towards the21st century.To reach this goal, I would like to offermy observations as follows: ——充分运用已经确立的全面对话合作机制，拓展双方在各个领域、各个层次、各个渠道的交流与合作，加强双方领导人和各界人士之间的交往，增进信任，扩大共识，加强友谊。We should make the best use of the existing mechanism of all-round dialogue andcooperation to broaden our exchanges and cooperation in all areas, at all levels and throughall channels, and strengthen the exchanges and contacts between leaders and people from allwalks of life of our two sides to enhance our mutual trust, expand common ground andpromote friendship.——本着优势互补、互利互惠的原则，把双方经贸、科技合作摆到重要地位，加强在资源、技术、市场、金融、信息、人力资源开发以及投资等领域的合作，以利于相互促进，共同发展。

We should give priority to our economic relations and trade, scientific and technologicalcooperation between our two sides in accordance with the principle of drawing on eachother's comparative advantages and mutual benefit and reinforce the cooperation in theareas of resources, technology marketing, banking, information, human resources developmentand investment to promote common progress.——在一些重大的地区和国际问题上，在联合国、亚太经合组织、亚欧会议以及东盟地区论坛中，加强双方的相互对话，相互协调，相互支持，共同维护发展中国家的正当权益，促进发展中国家公正平等、不受歧视地参与国际经济决策和运行。

We should intensify two-way dialogue, coordination and mutual support between our twosides on major regional and international issues and in the United Nations, APEC(Asia-PacificEconomic Cooperation), AES(Asia-Europe Summit)and ARF(ASEAN Regional Forum)with a viewto jointly safeguarding the legitimate rights and interests of the developing countries andpromoting their fair and equal participation in the international economic decision-making andoperation without discrimination.——继续通过平等友好协商，处理彼此间存在的一些分歧和争议，寻求问题的逐步解决。有些分歧一时解决不了，可以暂时搁置，求同存异，而不要因此影响双方睦邻互信伙伴关系的建立和发展。

We should continue our efforts in handling the existing differences or disputes throughfriendly consultations on an equal footing and seek a progressive solution to the problems.Those differences that cannot be solved for the time being may be shelved temporarily in thespirit of seeking common ground while putting aside differences so that they will not stand inthe way of the establishment and development of the good-neighborly partnership of mutualtrust between the two sides.中国始终不渝地奉行独立自主的和平外交政策，中国队外政策的最高宗旨是和平。中国是世界上最大的发展中国家，社会生产力水平总的还比较低，还要经过几十年的艰苦奋斗才能实现现代化，需要有长期的和平国际环境，尤其是睦邻友好环境。今后中国发达起来了，仍将继续坚持和平共处5项原则，与世界各国相互尊重，平等相待，友好相处，决不称霸。中国永远是维护世界和地区和平与稳定的坚定力量。

China pursues unswervingly an independent foreign policy of peace, taking peace as theultimate goal.As the largest developing country in the world with a relatively low level ofproductive forces on the whole, China needs a long term peaceful international environmentand a good neighborly environment in particular to realize its modernization programthrough decades of arduous struggles.Even when China is developed, it will continue to adhere to the Five Principles of PeacefulCoexistence, live with other countries in amity in the spirit of mutual respect and treatingothers as equals, and never seek hegemony.China will always be a staunch force inmaintaining regional and global peace and stability.高级口译翻译汉英口译实践40篇(10)1.But if robots are to reach the next stage oflaborsaving utility, they will have to operate withless human supervision and be able to make atleast' a few decisions for them-selves-goals thatpose a real challenge.[参考译文] 但是如果机器人要达到节省人工的下一个阶段，它们将必须在更少的人力监督之下工作，而且还要能够自己作出至少几个决定--这些目标才会引发真正的挑战。

2.But the human mind can glimpse a rapidlychanging scene and immediately disregard the 8percent that is irrelevant, instantaneously focusing on the monkey at the side of a windingforest road or the single suspicious face in a big crowd.[参考译文] 但是人类的头脑可以只迅速地瞟一眼一个快速改变的场面，然后立刻放弃8%的不相关部分，而马上聚焦于一条崎岖森林道路边的一只猴子，或者在茫茫人海中的一张可疑的脸。

3.The OECD estimates in its latest Economic Outlook that, if oil prices averaged $22 a barrel fora full year, compared with $13 in 18, this would increase the oil import bill in rich economies byonly 0.25---0.5% of GDP.[参考译文] OECD在其最近的《经济瞭望》中估计，如果石油价格与18年的每 桶13美元相比在一年中平均为每22美元，这也只会给富裕的经济体的 石油进口账单上增加GDP的0.25%到0.5%。

4.One more reason not to lose sleep over the rise in oil prices is that, unlike the rises in the170s, it has not occurred against the background of general commodity-price inflation andglobal excess demand.[参考译文] 另外一个不应因油价上涨而失眠的原因是，这次不像70年代的那些次上涨，它并不是在普遍的商品价格暴涨和全球需求过旺的背景之下发生的。5.Although it ruled that there is no constitutional right to physician-assisted suicide, theCourt in effect supported the medical principle of “double effect”, a centuries-old moralprinciple holding that an action having two effects--a good one that is intended and a harmfulone that is foreseen--is permissible if the actor intends only the good effect.[参考译文] 尽管它裁决并没有宪法权利来支持医生帮助下的自杀行为，最高法院实际上支持了被称为“双重效果”的医疗原则;这个已有几个世纪历史的道德原则认为一个可能有两个效果的行为--一个想要达到的好的效果和一个已经预见到的有害的效果是被允许的，如果行为的实施者想要的 只是好的效果的话。6.Nancy Dubler, director of Montefiore MedicalCenter, contends that the principle will shielddoctors who “until now have very, very stronglyinsisted that they could not give patients sufficientmediation to control their pain if that might hastendeath.” [参考译文] Nancy Dubler，Montehore医疗中心的主任，认为这一原则将会保护这样一些医生，他们到目前为止还强烈坚持他们不能够给病人足量的镇痛剂来控制他们的疼痛，如果这么做会加速他们的死亡的话。

7.On another level, many in the medical community acknowledge that the assisted--suicidedebate has been fueled in part by the despair of patients for whom modern medicine hasprolonged the physical agony of dying.[参考译文] 在另一个层面上，很多医疗界的人承认，关于医生帮助下的自杀的讨论部分是因为病人的绝望情绪，对他们来说，现代医学已经延长了死亡的身体痛苦。

8.It identifies the undertreatment of pain and the aggressive use of “ineffectual and forcedmedical procedures that may prolong and even dishonor the period of dying” as the twinproblems of end--of--life care.[参考译文] 它把对疼痛的治疗不足和盲目积极使用“有可能延长死亡时间甚至让死亡过程蒙羞的无效并且强迫性的医疗手段”视为生命临终医护的两个问题。9.In other words, there is a conventional story line in the newsroom culture that provides abackbone and a ready-made narrative structure for otherwise confusing new.[参考译文] 换句话说，在媒介机构的新闻采编室文化中存在着--套约定俗成的写作模式，为新闻报道提供了主干框架以及可直接套用的叙述结构。若没有这些，新闻内容就会一团混乱，让人摸不着头脑。

10.If it did, it would open up its diversity program, now focused narrowly on race and gender,and look for reporters who differ broadly by outlook, values, education, and class.[参考译文] 如果新闻界真的注意到了问题的关键，它就应该进一步开放其多样化项目，这个项目现在还只单纯考虑招收不同种族和性别的员工，而进一步寻找那些世界观、价值观、教育水平和社会阶层大相径庭的各种记者。

高级口译翻译汉英口译实践40篇(11)第11篇 旅游与报价

中国国际旅行社为各位安排了富有中华民族文化特色的有趣的旅游线路。各位将要游览举世闻名的景点和名胜，参观雄伟的古建筑群，观赏珍贵的中国文物。你们还将有机会欣赏中国戏剧和杂技表演，赔偿纯真的中国烹调和地方风味小吃。我国人民传统的热情和好客将使各位的访问愉快而又难忘。

China International Travel Service is offering you aninteresting tour program that is characteristic ofChinese national culture.You will visit world-famousscenic spots, historical sites and magnificent ancient architectural complexes, and appreciateprecious cultural relics.You will also have opportunities to enjoy Chinese operas and acrobaticshows, and taste authentic Chinese food and local delicacies.The traditional warmth andhospitality with which the Chinese people entertain their guests will make your visit a pleasantand memorable experience.在各位做出选择之前，我想谈一下本旅行社有关团体旅游的报价问题。首先，参加团体旅游的个人其报价均含交通费、住宿费、膳食费、观光费、导游服务费以及双程国际机票。

Before you make a decision on our tour, I’d like to make some remarks about the quotationpolicies regarding the group tours with this travel agency.First, and individual's quotation foreach group tour includes the cost of transportation, accommodation, meals, sightseeing,tour-guide service and round-trip international airplane tickets.其次，每位成人游客可以携带一名年龄在12岁以下儿童，以半价收费。最后，如果发生某些不可预见的、使旅游无法正常进行的情况，本旅行社则保留修改原定计划的权利，包括全额退费。

Next, each adult can take a child under the age of twelve, whose quotation is calculated on ahalf-price basis.And finally, we reserve the right to make changes to the set itinerary shouldwe encounter any unforeseeable circumstances which would prevent us from otherwisenormal operations, including a full refund.高级口译翻译汉英口译实践40篇(12)第12篇 国际禁毒日

今天是国际禁毒日。我们高兴地看到，世界各国正携起手来向毒品宣战。16天前，联合国大会结束了为期三天的世界反毒品特别会议，从而吹响了规模空前的全球反毒战的号角。

Today is the International Day against Drug Abuseand Illicit Trafficking.To our delight, countriesaround the world are joining hands to combat illicitdrug abuse.Sixteen days ago, the GeneralAssembly of the United Nations concluded athree-day Special Session on fighting the world drugproblem, sounding a clarion call for an unprecedented worldwide war against drugs.人类将要迎接一个新的千年，解决毒品问题显得越来越紧迫。尽管许多国家加强了反毒品的力度，可是毒品市场的泛滥状况越来越严重。据估计，全球毒品的贸易额已达到每年4000亿美元之巨。吸毒者约占全世界人口的3%。统计数据表明，每年全世界死于毒品者达10万人之多，另外还有1千万吸毒者丧失工作能力。As mankind is about to embrace a new millennium, the drug issue takes on an even greaterurgency.Despite of strengthened anti-drug efforts of many countries, the spread of illicitdrugs averages US$400 billion each year.Illicit drug consumption involves about 3 percent ofthe world's population.Statistics indicate as many as 100,000 people die from drugs everyyear worldwide, and 10 million drug users are deprived of the capability to work.毒品问题直接关系到社会稳定与安全，关系到全人类的命运。世界各国都应该充分意识到反毒任务的紧迫性，要采取切实有效的措施扫除毒魔。中国政府始终十分关注毒品问题，并通过法律、政治、行政、经济、文化、教育和其他手段来综合治理吸毒贩毒问题。最近在北京举办的全国反毒展览会已吸引了50万参观者。展览会的目的是集中揭露毒品对社会和家庭造成的危害。

The drug issue has direct bearing on social stability, social security and the destiny ofmankind as a whole.All countries in the world should be fully aware of the pressing anddemanding task of combating drugs and take concrete and effective measures to wipe outthe evil.The Chinese Government has always paid great attention to drug control and taken anintegrated approach to deal with drug abuse and drug trafficking through legal, political,administrative, economic, cultural, educational, and other means.A recent national drugprevention exhibition staged in Beijing drew half a million visitors so far.The exhibition wasintended to spotlight the damage drugs inflict upon society and family.越来越多的人，尤其是年轻人，他们或出于无知，或为了寻求刺激，或受到其他吸毒者的影响，成了毒品的牺牲品。在全国登记在案的吸毒人员中，80%为年轻人。因此，中国的反毒战任重而道远。我们首先要做的是提高人们对毒品危害的认识，给吸毒者以更多的帮助，使他们戒除不良的习惯，实施更严厉的法规打击毒品犯罪行为。

Out of ignorance, or driven by their desire for stimulus, or simply influenced by drug-users, agrowing number of people, especially youngsters, have fallen victim to drugs.Of the drugaddicts registered throughout the country, 80 percent of them are youths.Therefore, much stillremains to be done in China's anti-drug campaign.On top of the agenda, there is the need toraise people's awareness of the harm of drugs, to provide more help for drug addicts to getrid of the unhealthy habit and to enforce stricter laws for drug related crimes.我们希望各国政府在国际反毒合作中担负起应有的责任，将法网撒向毒品市场的每个环节，为我们的后代创建一个无毒的世界。

We hope governments around the world will take their due responsibilities in internationalanti-drug cooperation, and spread the net of justice over every link of the drug market, sothat a drug-free world will be created for our future generations.高级口译翻译汉英口译实践40篇(13)第13篇 民主化进程

中国这个有着9亿农民的世界上人口最多的国家，民主化进程正在发生着新的深刻变化—在大约100万的村落中，群众公开地推选出自己拥护的领头人，这就是10年来在中国广大农村推行的村民委员会选举。民主意识的春风细雨，滋润着辽阔的中国大地。

The process of democratization has made muchheadway in China, the world's most populouscountry with 900 million farmers.In some one millionrural villages, residents have elected their favoriteleaders to make up the villagers' committee.This election breeze, which originated a decadeago and has thus swept across the country's vast rural areas, has helped foster and enhancethe consciousness of democracy of the vast number of Chinese farmers.村委会选举的实践表明，凡是经过广大农民群众依法直接选举产生的村委会干部，绝大多数为人正直，工作能力强，工作作风比较好，懂经济，会管理，是带领村民致富奔小康，建设富裕、民主、文明的社会主义新农村的带头人。最新一轮换届选举资料显示，新当选的村委会成员教育程度不断提高，年龄结构日趋合理。初中文化程度占70%以上，有些还是大专、大学学历。在全国，30岁左右的年轻人进入村委会的大到60%。农村基层干部队伍的整体素质明显提高。The practice of village committee elections shows that the majority of committee cadres directlyelected by the farmers in accordance with the law are upright and capable, have a good ofadministration, and know economics and management.They are leaders who can help theirfellow villagers get on the road leading to a comfortable life, reach a moderate level ofprosperity and build new socialist village which are prosperous, democratic and cultured.Studies of the latest round of election indicate that the newly elected members of villagers’committees are better educated and younger in age: about 70% have received junior middleschool education while a few have received a junior college of university education.Youngpeople around the age of 30 make up 60% of the membership of the newly elected villagers’committees.The overall quality of the contingent of rural grassroots cadres has improvedsignificantly.民主意识的生长正是从最基层的村级选举，从农民生活中，从身边熟悉的人开始的。在村委会的选举中，村民们通过选民登记、候选人提名、预选、参加投票这一项项活动，得到了实实在在的民主训练，开始培育起民主意识和法制观念。A sense of democracy has indeed grown from the most elementary village-level election, andfrom the election of the people familiar to the farmer voters.In the course of election, thefarmers have received actual democratic training from the process of registrating as voters,nominating candidates, pre-electing and casting votes.This process has also fostered theirsense of democracy and law.中国政府认为，扩大基层民主，保证人民群众直接行使民主权力，依法管理自己多时期，创造自己的幸福生活，是社会主义民主最广泛的实践;并要求城乡基层政权机关和基层群众性自治组织都要健全民主选举制度，实行政务公开和财务公开，让群众参与讨论和决定基层公共事务和公益事业，对干部实行明主监督。The Chinese government holds that it is the mostextensive practice of socialist democracy toexpand grassroots democracy, ensure the peopletheir right in direct democratic election, and allowthe citizens to manage their own affairs inaccordance with the law and build a happy life.The government requires all urban and ruralgrass-roots organs of political power and grass-roots public self-governing organizations toperfect the democratic electoral system, separate administrative management from financialmanagement, and let the general public participate in the discussion of and make decisionsabout grass-roots public and welfare concerns, as well as exercise democratic supervisionover cadres.进一步搞好村委会选举，是中国亿万农民的共同心愿，也是中国推进政治体制改革和民主政治建设的需要。随着中国经济的持续发展和社会全面进步，中国的民主建设将更加广泛，中国的民主化进程也将进一步加快。

The improvement on the process and procedure in the election of villagers' committee willnot only reflect the common aspiration of China's hundreds of millions of farmers, but alsomeet China's need to facilitate her national drive for political restructuring and democratization.In the process of the country's sustained economic development and overall social progress,China's construction of democracy will be more extensive and meanwhile, its democratizationprocess will speed up.高级口译翻译汉英口译实践40篇(14)第14篇 年会致词

主席先生，我怀着非常愉快的心情出席本次年会。值此大会开幕之际，我为能有机会就和平与发展问题进行发言，谨向东道主致以深深的谢意。与此同时，我想所有与会代表致以崇高的敬意。

Mr.Chairman, it is with great pleasure that I am hereto attend this annual meeting.On the occasion ofthis opening ceremony, I would like to express mydeep appreciation to the host for this opportunityto address the topic of peace and development, andpay my high respect for all the representatives present at the meeting.这次会议为我们交换意见、消除误解、达成共识提供了理想的场所。我愿借此机会，就世纪之交建立一种世界政治与经济新格局，世界和平与发展的前景，以及联合国的作用等问题，阐述我国政府的立场和观点。

This meeting provides us with an ideal arena where we will exchange views, clear upmisunderstandings and reach common ground.I would like to take this opportunity toelaborate on the position and views of my government on the issues concerning theestablishment of a new international political and economic order at the turn of the century,the prospects of world peace and development, and the role of the United Nations.高级口译翻译汉英口译实践40篇(15)第15篇 中国的军事战略

中国的国际政策和军事战略始终是积极防御，这是中国根据自己的国际关系准则和外部安全环境作出的基本战略选择，也是优秀的中国军事传统在新时代的延续和升华。

China's international policy and military strategyhave always been those of positive defense.This isthe basic strategic choice China has made accordingto its norms governing international relations and toits external security environment.It also reflectsthe continuation and distillation of China'soutstanding military tradition in the new era.中国军事传统的基本特色是谋求和平。对内主张坚决维护国家统一，反对民族;对外一贯奉行睦邻友好的方针和防御战略，以“非攻”球和睦，以自卫保安宁。万里长城所象征的就是这种防御观念。中华人民共和国自建立之日起，就始终坚持在统一中求强盛，在强盛中求和平，在和平中求发展。随着时间的推移，人们越来越清楚地看到，中国有决心和能力保卫自己多国家安全利益，中国是维护地区与世界和平的重要力量。

China's military tradition is characteristically one of seeking peace.Under this peace-seekingpolicy, internally, we resolutely defend national unity and oppose to any attempt at nationalseparation;externally, we follow a good-neighborly policy and a defensive strategy, seekingfriendly and harmonious relations through what is known as the “non-offensive” approachand securing peace through self-defense.The Great Wall is symbolic of such a defensiveconcept.Ever since its founding, the People's Republic of China has been consistently seekingprosperity through unification, seeking peace through prosperity, and seeking developmentthrough peace.With the passage of time, it will be even more apparent to the world that Chinais determined to defend its national security and is capable of doing so, and that China is animportant force in safeguarding regional and global peace.中国的社会主义制度和独立自主的和平外交政策，也决定了中国奉行积极防御的国防政策和军事战略方针。中国不搞霸权主义，不搞强权政治，不对外搞军事扩张。中国的战略疆界不会超出其自然疆界，中国军事力量的发展也不会超出防御和自卫的需要。中国多次进行裁军，充分显示了中国军事战略的和平宗旨和防御性质，同时也反映了在和平与发展的时代主题下，中国的理性战略思维和新的安全观念。

Meanwhile, China's socialist system andindependent foreign policy of peace havedetermined the country's national defense policyand military strategy to be one of active defense.China doe not seek hegemony and power politics,neither does it expand its military influenceoverseas.China's strategic frontier will not gobeyond its natural borders.Likewise, China'smilitary force will not develop in excess of its needto defend the country.China's repeateddisarmament has fully demonstrated to the world thepeaceful orientation and defensive nature of China's military strategy, as well as China'srational strategic military thinking and updated concept of security under the theme of ourtimes, that is, peace and development.中国的裁军决策是由中国主动作出的，不是屈服于任何人的压力而被迫作出的;是自觉的，不是盲目的;是以对中国的发展、亚太地区安全以及世界持久和平高度负责的精神而采取的建设性举措。中国的裁军行动是单方面的，没有设置任何前提，不与他国相联系，不把裁军作为迫使他国同时裁军的筹码或先决条件。中国的裁军不是象征性的，而是实质性的，是大幅度的。中国以自己多裁军实际行动表达了中国不参加军备竞赛、努力缔造和平的诚意。

China's disarmament decision is made out of its own will, rather than under any externalpressure.It is a conscious act, rather than a blind move;it is a constructive act taken out ofa high sense of responsibility for China's own development, the security of Asian-Pacific regionand the sustainable world peace.China's disarmament act is unilateral, carrying noprerequisite, having nothing to do with any other country.China has no intention whatsoeverto use disarmament as a means or prerequisite to force other countries to reduce theirmilitary troops with China.China's disarmament is not symbolic, but actual and substantial.China has shown to the world with its initiative in disarmament, its non-engagement in armsrace and its sincerity in building a peaceful world.高级口译翻译汉英口译实践40篇(16)第16篇 中加经贸关系

我非常高兴能在此会见来自大洋彼岸的加拿大商业界的朋友。“有朋自远方来，不亦乐乎。”这句古话可以表达我此刻的心情。

I am very pleased to meet my friends from theCanadian business community on the other side ofthe Pacific.My current feeling can be bestexpressed by an ancient Chinese remark:“Howdelightful I am to have friends coming from afar!” 中国政府十分重视同加拿大双边经贸关系的发展，并且非常赞赏加中贸易理事会为加强我们这两个伟大国家商业界的联系而作出的努力和起到的桥梁作用。我感谢理事会所有成员为促进加中贸易作出的努力。加拿大是一个工业发达、资源丰富的国家，中国则是一个劳动力充足、市场巨大的国家。我们希望看到加拿大的企业能够充分利用自己在技术和财力上的优势，赢得中国市场。

The Chinese government attaches great importance to the development of bilateral economicand trade relations and appreciates the efforts made by Canadian-Chinese Trade Council servingas a bridge linking the business communities of our two great nations.I commend all themembers of the Council for their efforts in promoting trade with China.Canada is a country withwell-developed industries and abundant resources, while China has a plentiful supply of laborforce and a potential huge market.We hope to see Canadian enterprises make full use of theirtechnical and financial advantages and compete well in the Chinese market.高级口译翻译汉英口译实践40篇(17)第17篇 睦邻互信伙伴关系

今天，我有机会同东盟九国的领导人首次会晤，探讨发展中国与东盟各国面向二十一世纪的友好合作，感到十分高兴。首先，我对东盟成立三十周年，表示热烈的祝贺。Today Ifeel more than happy to have the opportunity togather together with leaders of nine ASEANcountries for the fires time to discuss and explorethe development of Chinese-ASEAN friendship andcooperation oriented toward the 21st century.Firstof all, I wish to offer my warm congratulations toASEAN on its 30th anniversary.我相信，这次会晤将标志着中国与东盟关系进入一个新的发展阶段。

This meeting, I believe, marks the beginning of a new stage of development in Chinese-ASEANrelations.我这次来，是抱着积极参与、扩大共识、增进互信、加强合作的目的，与东盟各国领导人共同探讨双方未来的发展目标和指导方针。

With the purpose of engaging active participation broadening common ground, enhancingmutual trust and strengthening cooperation, I have come here to explore together withASEAN leaders the objectives and guidelines for the development of our future relations.我们正处在世纪之交的重要时刻，应该以长远的战略眼光审视和处理双方关系，建立中国与东盟面向二十一世纪的睦邻互信伙伴关系。这不仅符合时代的潮流，有利于中国和东盟各国的根本利益，也有利于推动建立公正合理的国际新秩序，有利于促进亚洲与世界和平与发展的崇高事业。

At this important historical juncture on the eve of the new century, we should approach andhandle our bilateral relations from a long-rang strategic perspective and forge aChinese-ASEAN good-neighborly partnership of mutual trust orientated toward the 21stcentury.This is not only in conformity with the trend of the times and in the fundamentalinterest of China and ASEAN countries, but also facilitates the establishment of a just andrational new international order and the advancement of the lofty cause of peace anddevelopment of Asia and the world at large.中国人民和东盟各国人民都是勤劳勇敢、聪明智慧的人民，自古以来就在自己的土地上创造了灿烂的文明，形成了具有东方色彩的优秀文化传统，为人类的进步作出了重要的贡献。中国与东盟各国或山水相连，或隔海相望，在悠久的交往中，人民之间形成了深厚的传统友谊。

Both the Chinese and the ASIAN people are industrious and courageous people full ofwisdom.Since ancient times, they have created brilliant civilizations and built up fine culturaltraditions full of Oriental character in their own lands, thus making important contributions tothe progress of humanity.Joined together by mountains and rivers or facing each other acrossthe sea, China and ASEAN countries have developed a profound traditional friendship amongthe people in the course of their age-old contacts and exchanges.中国和东盟国家都发生了沧海巨变。中国人民经过一个世纪的奋斗和牺牲，实现了民族解放，建立了新中国，又经几十年的努力，把自己国家建设成为一个初步繁荣昌盛的社会主义国家。东盟国家人民经过长期的艰苦奋斗，挣脱殖民主义的枷锁，赢得民族独立，自建设自己国家的过程中取得了令人称道的成就。Profound changes have taken place in both China and ASEAN countries.Through a century-longstruggle and sacrifice, the Chinese people won their national liberation and established theNew China.With decades of more efforts, they have built China into a socialist country withinitial prosperity.Through protracted and arduous struggle, the people of ASEAN countrieshave also shaken off the yoke of colonialism, won their national independence and scoredcommendable achievements in their course of nation building.高级口译翻译汉英口译实践40篇(18)第18篇 东海世界公园

欢迎各位游览东海世界公园。东海世界公园是一座集世界各地名胜之大成的主题公园，其规模为远东同类公园之冠。你置身于包括世界七大奇观在内的100多处历史名胜与自然景观之中，一日便可游遍天下美景。Welcome to the Donghai World Park.The DonghaiWorld Park, which is the largest theme park of itskind unparalleled in the Far East, features a completecollection of the well-known world scenic spots.Surrounded by 100 sights of historical interest andnatural attraction including the Seven Wonders of the World, you will easily fulfill your dream oftouring around the world in a day.园内各类微型景观的选料大多为汉白玉、大理石、花岗石等优质石料，这些景观的制作工艺精湛无比，独具匠心，其复制程度之精确，形象之逼真，足可以假乱真，令游人叹为观止。

The miniature replicas of the selected scenic sights were constructed out of top grade stonesof white jade, marble and granite, all boasting exquisite workmanship and ingenious design.The tourists will find themselves engrossed in an involuntary admiration of the dazzlingarrays of the exact scenic reproductions that are unbelievable true to the original.

第四篇：汉英翻译第七讲主语的处理

汉语翻译第七讲，句子的翻译 主语的处理

1.添加主语

（1）改革开放胆子要大一些，要敢于试验。分析：“改革开放”显然不能作主语。故须另添主语。

We must be courageous enough to venture on experiments

in the reform and opening to the world.（2）北静王笑道：名不虚传，果然如 “宝” 似 “玉”。（曹雪芹《红楼梦》第十五回）分析：名不虚传，如 “宝”似“玉”，指谁？显然是指宝玉，所以要加上主语“you”。译文：“You live up to your name,” remarked the prince.“You are really like precious jade.”

（3）得第一名获金牌，第四名什么也拿不到。

分析：”得第一名” 实际上是得第一名的人或运动员。汉语可以省，英语一定要添上。Whoever comes first wins a gold medal but anyone who comes fourth gets nothing.添加主语是无主句翻译的一个方法，这里添加的主语不能由原句中的其他成分来充当，是译者根据汉语意思推导出的逻辑主语，是英语完整表达中不可或缺的部分。但并非所有的汉语无主句在英译时都需要增补主语。

2.主语必须是句中应该突出的信息，改变主语。

由于英汉两种语言对主语的不同要求，就是原文的句子有主语，也不完全可以在英译文中用来作相同的主语。也就是说，汉语句子中的主语不一定都适合做英语句子的主语。

英语强调句子的重要住处应放在主要的位置上—主语位置上。而汉语没有这方面的要求。这样就要作调整。

（1）这次国家调动了160万军队去帮助守护大堤，将被洪水淹没地区的百姓迁走。分析：汉语以“国家”作主语没有问题。因为这一句子的住处重心是“160万军队”，而不是国家。在翻译时让原文的宾语调到主语位置上。由于“国家”不是重要停息，译不译就无所谓了。何况军队的调动总是国家进行的，不说也

1.6 million troops have been mobilized to help protect the dikes and to move out of areas being flooded.从这个例子中可以看出，在翻译中，要注意句子的信息主语，不要随便添加主语。如感到宾语是重要信息，可通过用被动结构等，让句子重要的信息放到主语的位置上。（2）人们已把李白的诗集译成了多种外国文字。

The collection of Li Bai’s poems has been translated into many foreign languages.（3）到去年年底，上海已与好几个国家签订了建造拉索桥的合同协议。

By the end of last year, contracts or agreements were signed with some countries for the construction of chain bridges of Shanghai.（4）上海采取了一系列的优惠政策来吸引外资。

A series of preferential policies have been adopted in Shanghai to attract foreign capital.分析：汉语中用地名、时间、工具作主语很普遍。如：“昨晚抓住了三个小偷”，“一把菜刀闹革命”，“校园东头盖了一栋房”。而英语中由于它们不是主要消息，往往处理成状语。同时，译文句子由汉语的主动语态变成相应的英语被动语态。（5）明年将出版更多的儿童读物。

More books for children will be published next year.（6）热烈欢迎世界各地客商来些建立和发展贸易关系。

Customers all over the world are warmly welcome to establish and develop business contacts with us.3.主语必须符合英美人的思维视角，改变主语。

由于中国文化中具有强烈的天人合一的观念，中国人在表达思想时十分注意主体意识，常以有生命的、具体的名词或代词作主语，多用主动语态和无主句。有时主语虽省略，主体意识仍然强烈，读者容易体会到。（1）我去年找工作处处碰壁，搞得我心乱如麻。

Job-hunting failed again and again last year.It made me terribly upset.分析：句中“我”虽然不是主语而是宾语，但是我们仍能体会到：是“我”找工作碰壁，“心乱如麻”的是我。

与汉语相反，英美人比较强调客观，注意客观事物对人的影响和作用，因此无生命、抽象的名词作主语远比汉语中多。

英语这类非人称主语句采用“无灵主语”（inanimate subject), 表示抽象概念、心理感觉、事物名称或时间地点，但谓语却常常使用“有灵动词”（animate verb），表示人或社会团体的动作和行为，如see, find,bring, give, kill, send, permit, invite, take, drive.英语用“无灵主语” 与“有灵动词”搭配的句式比汉语多，使用的场合也比汉语广。

汉语的“有灵动词”一般只能与人搭配，因为根据中国人的思想习惯，人或社会团体才有这类有这类意识、有意志的行为，非人类的、无生命的事物一般只能有一些无意识、无意志的行为、运动或变化。这时我说不出话来。

I could not utter a word then.分析：这样翻译，虽然语法正确，也能达意，但却不够地道。如下译法则地道得多： 改译：Words failed me here.再如

我昨天收到你的信。

Your letter reached me yesterday.我一时记不起他的名字。His name escapes me.不同的人对退休持不同的态度。

Attitudes towards retirement vary from person to person.由于计划不周，他不仅浪费了时间，而且浪费了所有的钱。

Poor planning wasted all his money as well as his time.比较译文

她从来没想到他是个不诚实的人。

She has never thought that he was a dishonest man.（＊）

It never occurred to her that he was a dishonest man.（前者语法正确，便不够地道）

他突然发现地毯上有个深色斑点。

He suddenly saw a dark stain on the carpet.（＊）

A dark stain on the carpet caught his eyes/ suddenly attracted his attention 他两天就抽完了一包烟。

He finishes a pack of cigarettes in two day.（＊）

A pack of cigarettes lasts him only two days.原文中表示时间的词语可在翻译中用来作主语，同时谓语改为see，witness，find等

1998年召开了九届一次全国代表大会。The year 1998 witnessed the convocation of the 1st session of 9th National People’s Congress.2001年中国成功加入世贸。

The year 2001 saw China’s entry into WTO.可以采用 there be 句型取代原来的主语。他今天的举止有点反常。

-There is something strange about his behavior today.新工作不见得比原来的工作强。

-There’s no guarantee that the new job will be better than the old one.4 主语必须符合英语的逻辑搭配习惯，改变主语。

从语法角度看，汉语的主谓搭配习惯和英语的主谓搭配习惯不尽相同。汉语中的语语有时在英语的句子里不适合作英语的主语，因此这时要加以调整。如：他的英语讲得很好。如译为“his English speaks good”, 就不符合逻辑。如改一下主语： He speaks good English.就是地道的英语。

这种现象在汉语中常见，但在英语中，多数情况下，是视为一种语病。因此在汉译英中要注意这个区别，避免受汉语影响而出问题。

我们的事业从胜利走向新的胜利。

-Our cause has won victories one after another.（＊）

分析：译文不符合英语表达习惯，不是地道的英语。译文需要改写或增补主语。

-We have won one victory after another for our cause.或用被动态

-A series of victories have been won for our cause.任何新生事物的成长都要经过艰难曲折的。-Any emerging thing is bound to experience difficulties and setbacks before it reaches maturity.读书可以增长知识。

-Reading can acquire knowledge.（＊）-Through reading one can acquire knowledge.宗教不得干预政治。

-Religion must not interfere with politics.（＊）

-It is impermissible to interfere with politics in the name of religion.汉字在历史上有过不可磨灭的功绩。

-Chinese characters have made indelible contributions in history.（＊）-The system of Chinese character has played an invaluable role in our history.主语必须符合行文连贯的需要

作为句子 “龙头”的主语在连词成句、连句成篇、承上启下的过程中起着举足轻重的作用。因此选择译文的主语，还要考虑一个连贯一致的因素。英语中有一个修辞的原则，即平行一致原则（parallelism)。也就是说，相邻的几个句子在结构上要保持一致。为了保持连贯，英语往往通过避免重复原词，更多地使用照应和替代的方式来衔接上下文。汉语当中没有这样的要求，相邻几句的主语可以不一样，大量流水句的存在便是这种特点的体现。

父亲来封快信，上面说：“顷得汝岳丈电报……”

分析：两个句子的主语不同。前者是“父亲”，后者“上面说”，是指“信”。两个句子靠得这么近，有必要统一起来。由于此段的中心信息是信的内容，因此以“信”作主语可达到前后呼应的效果。

-One day an express letter came from his father.It read as follows: “ I have just received a telegram from your father-in-law….”

语言这东西不是随便可以学好的，非下苦功不可。

-The mastery of language is not easy and require painstaking effort.我父亲狂热地追求绘画，绘画已成了他生活的一切，要比母亲，比他的孩子，甚至比他自己都更为重要。

-For my father, painting was a governing passion.It came before Mother, before his children, and even before himself.（分析）：前后分句主语不同，有必要统一起来，让“绘画”作主语，把“我父亲”处理为状语。

白蛇精与一位书生相爱并生一子。（《白蛇传》

A：The White Snake Spirit fell in love with a young scholar and a child was born.（＊）

B：The White Snake Spirit fell in love with a young scholar, and gave birth to a son.分析：译文A中的第二个句子突然改变主语给人以跳脱之感，破坏了上下文的连贯。

我走过去，他向我伸出手。我的手被握在他粗糙的长满硬茧的手里。

分析：短短十几个字中出现三个主语，英译时要考虑主语如何统一的问题。I walked to him and took his outstretched hand which was rough with callus.三个主语 “我”、“他”、“他的手”处理成统一的“我”，行文流畅。Class-work 试译下列句子，注意主语的选择。

1、这几天心情颇不平静。（《荷塘月色》）

2、基本路线要管一百年，动摇不得。

3、觉民和觉慧从张家出来，已经过了11点，街上还是很热闹。（《家》）

4、过马路时要小心。

5、再走几步，就是图书馆。

参考答案

1、这几天心情颇不平静。（《荷塘月色》）I have felt quite upset recently.2、基本路线要管一百年，动摇不得。

We should adhere to the basic line for a hundred years, with no vacillation.3、觉民和觉慧从张家出来，已经过了11点，街上还是很热闹。（《家》）

It was already past 11 o’clock when Jue Min and Jue Hui stepped out of Chang’s house, but there was still considerable activity in the street.4、过马路时要小心。

Care is needed when you are crossing the road.5、再走几步，就是图书馆。

A few more steps will bring you to the library.“实告诉说罢，我的手脚子粗笨，又喝了酒，仔细失手打了这瓷杯（porcelain cup)。有木头杯取个来，便失手掉了地下也打不了。”（《红楼梦》第41回）参考答案

“To tell the truth, I’m clumsy.And now that I’m tipsy, unless I’m very careful, I may smash this porcelain cup.If you’d give me a wooden one it wouldn’t matter even if I dropped it.”

杨宪益 戴乃迭 译

第五篇：汉英翻译技巧

汉英翻译技巧

第一节 汉语无主语句的英译处理

一、祈使句对应为祈使句

e.g.小心轻放。

Handle with care.量体裁衣，看菜吃饭。Fit the dress to the figure and fit the appetite to the dishes.宁为鸡首，不为牛后。Better be the head of an ass than the tail of a horse.二、采用英语的被动结构译出 采用英语被动结构翻译的汉语无主语句一般的情况：一是某些表示事物存在的无主语句；二是有些句子突出宾语部分，在翻译时可以不用补出主语而用原句中的宾语来充当主语。e.g.这儿将修建更多的居民大楼。More apartments will be built here.利用发电机，可以将机械能转变为电能。

The mechanical energy can be changed back into electrical energy by a generator.在合同中，详细地规定了双方必须履行的各种条件。

In the contract, all kinds of conditions which both sides should follow were laid down in detail.没有爱心，就无法了解人生。

Life cannot be understood without much charity.三、采用倒装语序 e.g.地下埋藏着大量的金银。

Hidden underground is a wealth of gold and silver.随着一声吼叫，忽的从树林里窜出一只老虎来。

Following the roar, out rushed a tiger from among the bushes.山里住着个老和尚。

In the mountain lived on an old monk.四、采用 THERE BE 结构 例句：没有顺利，无所谓困难；没有困难，也无所谓顺利。

Without facility, there would be no difficulty;without difficulty, there would also be no facility.剩下的时间不多了。There is very little time left.萝卜白菜，各有所爱。

There is no accounting for taste.无水则无鱼。

Without water there would be no fish.楼下有人想和你说话。

There is a man downstairs who wants to speak to you.you are wanted downstairs.五、采用 IT 作主语译出

例句：要解决问题，还必须做系统、周密的调查工作和研究工作。

In order to solve the problem it is necessary to make a systematic and thorough investigation and study.与自然作斗争，倍感快乐。It is a great joy to battle against nature.活到老学到老。

It is never too old to learn.子曰：学而时习之，不亦说乎？有朋自远方来，不亦乐乎？

Confucius said, is it not a pleasure after all to practice in due time what one has learnt? Is it not a delight after all to have friends come from afar?

六、增添适当的代词或名词充当主语 例句： 知彼知己，百战不殆。

If you know your enemy and yourself, you can fight a hundred battles without peril.不入虎穴，焉得虎子。

If one does not enter the tiger’s den, how can he get a tiger’s cub.六、因文制宜，区别对待

例句：未经审批机关批准，合同中不得规定禁止接受方在合同期满后继续使用技术的条款。

Unless approval has been obtained from the examining and approving organ, a contract shall not include provisions prohibiting the recipient from continuing to use the technology after the expiry of the contract term.由于英语被接受为联合国的官方语言之一，这就使英语在国际外交场合使用得更为广泛了。

The use of English in international diplomacy is strengthened by its acceptance as one of the official languages of the U.N.说明白了一切，就再无奥妙可言了。It will leave nothing in obscurity;everything is seen.Exercises: 1.要适可而止，否则就要完蛋。

2.不远处传来了提琴的声音，调子哀enough, or we will die.Enough is 伤。Not far away from the sound of the fiddle, and that'll sorrow.3.在游廊的最左端，靠近一道门，坐着一位将近30岁的男子。

4.他的书桌上放着带有细菌的小碟the left, near a door, sits a nearly 30 years old man.Most of the veranda at 子。His desk is put a little dish of bacteria

All in all, it was two 5.总之，是两点而不是一点。

6.花瓶里没有水了。and not a bit.The vase no water.7.要

很容易看得出来那作家是一位生手，刚从事写作。8.。

Very easy to see the writer is a beginning, just writing

9.不怕一万，就怕万一one thousand.Ten thousand not afraid, afraid of 10.还看不出来他能挑得起这副担子。Also see he can pick up the burden alone.11.去年

12.必须认真做好建厂前的准备工作。The factory must do the preparing work before.Should teach children to 13.应该教导儿童讲实话。

14.必须保证8小时的睡眠。

15.发现了错误，一定要改正。tell the truthhours of sleep.must correct.Must ensure that eight

Find a mistake，第二节、汉语“是”字句的英译处理

一、表示“等同”

例句：他最佩服的就是你。

Of all the people, you are the one he admires most.二、表示“类属” 例句：这台机器是进口的。

The machine was imported from abroad.他是来找你的。He is here to see you.三、表示“事物状态” 例句：要是旧社会，遇上这样大的水灾，早已是哀鸿遍野了。

If a flood of such magnitude had hit the land in the old days, the stricken area would have been a scene of desolation and despair.你现在是身不由己，只能听他的。You have to listen to him whether you like it or not.四、表示“存在” 例句：她满脸是泪，默不作声。She was soundless and her cheeks were bathed in tears.别看他长得胖，其实浑身是病。Despite his stout build, he suffers from all sorts of diseases.五、在两个类似结构中表示“区别”，转换为英语相对的对比结构。例句：他是他，我是我，我们谁也管不着谁。

We have our own wills, he and I, neither is the other’s master.昨天是昨天，今天是今天，情况是不断变化的。

Events are moving very fast;what was true yesterday may not be so today.这个人言行不一，说是说，做是做。This man’s deeds do not match his words;he never practices what he preaches.敌是敌，友是友，必须分清界限。A friend is a friend, a foe is a foe;one must be clearly distinguished from the other.六、表示“让步”，用适当的副词或者让步句型来体现。例句：书是好书，可惜贵了点。It is true that this is a good book, but it’s a bit too expensive.他的本意是好的，只是措辞不当。He meant well, but he didn’t put across his ideas properly.你就是有天大的本事，恐怕也施展不开。

However capable you are, you probably can do nothing in this circumstance.这房子老是老，但离商店近，采购方便。

Indeed, the house is old, but as it is close to the stores, it is convenient for shopping.六、表示“强调”，一般转换为强调句式 例句：是谁教你这样做的？ Who told you to do so? 是这位解放军战士救了你。

It was this PLA man who saved you.我写的信是给她的，不是你。

It was to her that I wrote a letter, not to you.七、表示“凡是”，由英语习惯句型决定。

例句：是人都会犯错误。

Every man is liable to error./ No one is free from error.是孩子他都喜欢。He loves all children.正如一句话所说，是亲三分像。As an old saying goes, blood is thicker than water.是重活他都抢着干。Whenever there is a tough job, he is always the first to do it.八、表示“恰当” 例句：屋里的家具放得都不是地方。The furniture in the room is arranged exactly where it should not be.你来得正是时候。

You have come just in the nick of time./ You can’t have come at a better come.她穿的裙子很是漂亮。

The dress looks very beautiful on her.九、表示“选择”或“疑问” 例句：你是看电视还是听音乐？ 他不是出国了么？

十、表示“确认”，有强调的意思，一般通过助动词、副词或短语来体现。

例句：她爸爸是不同意她和汤姆来往的。

Her father does disapprove of her having anything to do with TOM.这件事他是不知道。

He certainly doesn’t know this.这孩子是可爱。

The child is lovely indeed.我不是不懂，只是不想说。

It is not that I didn’t understand, but that I didn’t want to say anything.十一、表示“特征”，一般直译。例句：马克思主义的基本原理是普遍适用的。

The fundamental tenets of Marxism are universally applicable.本领高强的人，往往是谦虚好学的。Men of capability are often modest and show a desire to learn.作战时他总是身先士卒，故能所向披靡。

He was always at the head of his men in battle, and so his army was invincible.练习题

1、我们是坐船去武汉的。

2、玩弄她的感情是卑鄙的。

3、这个故事好是好，就是长了点。

4、这场火灾是他们不小心而引起的。

5、满屋都是烟，连他衣服上都是烟味。

6、他开办这家工厂完全是白手起7、8、9、10、11、12、家的。

这本书我是有的，可是我一下找不到。

这原来是破旧、窄小的一条旧街。

这人真讨厌，总是死皮赖脸的缠着人家。

既然要搞掉他，罗织罪名还不是易如反掌。

今天开这个会啊，是想听听各方面的意见。

不管怎么样，我是决意要完成这项任务的。

Keys: 1.We went to wuhan by chartered boat.2.It was mean of him to play with her/affections.3.It is a good story all right, but a bit too long.4.The fire resulted from their carelessness.5.Smoke filled the room;even his clothes smelled of smoke.6.He built up his factory literally from nothing.7.I have the book somewhere but I cannot lay my hands on it now.8.This place was originally a narrow, shabby street.9.The man is quite a nuisance;he keeps pestering/bothering others/me shamelessly.10.Now that they have decided to get rid of him, charges can easily be framed.11.Look！We are holding this meeting today to make sure that different opinions are put forward freely.12.I mean to accomplish the task, come what may happen.汉语习语的英译处理

习语是人们在语言发展过程中，经过长期的社会实践提炼出来的短语或者短句，是语言的精华。从广义上讲，汉语习语包括成语、谚语、俗语、歇后语等。具体特点表现在：

1、习语本身是修辞手段的集中体现，如谐音等来增加美感，如“嘴上没毛，办事不牢”，“吃得苦，耐得烦；不怕死，霸得蛮”；英语中的“by hook or by crook”, as red as a rose。

2、习语是语言中独立、不规则而固定的因素。如“露出马脚”不能说成“露出猪脚”，“雪中送炭”不能说成“雪中送煤”。基于上述特点，翻译过程中必须注意：

1、尽量保存原文的民族特色和风格，在可能的情况下以直译为主。

2、不能把习语当做普通语句处理，注意修辞美感。

一、汉语习语英译的常用方法

1、英语同义句借用法

A: 借用意义和形象相同或相似的 B: 借用意义相同但形象不同的 例如： A:

随大流，以牙还牙 隔墙有耳 一文不名绞尽脑汁 针锋相对 时时刻刻 千钧一发 浑水摸鱼 swim with the tide a tooth for a tooth walls have ears

without a penny to one’s

name

to rack one’s brain give tit for tat every now and then hung by a thread to fish in troubled water

如坐针毡 a bed of thorns 谋事在人，成事在天

Man proposes, God disposes 星星之火可以燎原

Little chips light great fire.一朝被蛇咬，十年怕井绳 Once bit, twice shy.空中楼阁、君子协定、事实胜于雄辩、有其父必有其子、B:

半斤八两 six of one and half a dozen of the other 无足轻重

of no account 锦囊妙计

ace in the hole/sleeve 非公莫入

no admittance 徒劳无益

hold a candle to the sun 茫然若失

be all adrift 水中捞月

fish in the air 乳臭未干

the smell of the baby 寿终正寝

die in the bed 一丘之貉

birds of a feather(flock together)

2、直译法

蓬头垢面 with disheveled hair and dirty face

求同存异 see common ground while reserving differences 扑朔迷离

complicated and confusing

朴实无华

simple and unadorned 能者多劳

the abler a man, the busier he gets.自力更生 regeneration through one’s own efforts 顺水推舟 push the boat with current 欺软怕硬 bully the weak and fear the strong 半途而废 give up halfway 口蜜腹剑 with honey on one’s lips and murder in one’s heart.有钱能使鬼推磨

If you have money you can even make the devil turn your mill(serve for you).十年树木百年树人

It takes ten years to grow trees but a hundred years to rear/cultivate people.路遥知马力，日久见人心。

A long road tests a horse’s strength, while a long time proves one’s heart.天有不测风云，人有旦夕祸福

Storms gather without warning in nature, while bad luck befalls men overnight.3、意译法

畏首畏尾 over-cautious

不到黄河不死心

Not stop until one reaches one’s goal 独木不成林

One person cannot accomplish much.4、节译法 汉语习语中有些是对偶词组，往往前后两对含义相同

无影无踪 vanish without a trace 长吁短叹 千真万确 一朝一夕 根深蒂固 不屈不挠 自给自足 经久耐用 同心同德 清规戒律 油头粉面 惊心动魄

sigh deeply be quite true overnight deep-rooted unswerving self-sufficient durable with one mind taboos(regulations)high-painted soul-stirring

5、直译加注法

东施效颦 Dongshi, an ugly woman, knitting her eyebrow in imitation of the famous beauty Xi Shi only to make herself uglier—blindly copying others and making oneself look foolish.二、汉语习语中数词的英译

1、直译法

千金难买一笑

A thousand pieces of gold can hardly purchase a smile.一寸光阴一寸金

An inch of time is an inch of gold.一着不慎满盘皆输

One careless move loses the whole game.百花齐放，百家争鸣

Let a hundred flowers blossom and a hundred schools of thought contend.听君一席话，胜读十年书

One evening’s conversation with a gentleman is worth more than ten-year study.2、保留部分数字

杀一儆百 punish one as an example to others 三心二意 two-minded 两面三刀 double-faced and tricky 十拿九稳 ninety percent sure

3、省略法（当数字是虚指时）昙花一现 be a flash in the pan 一干二净 neat and tidy;不三不四 dubious；inappropriate 百无聊赖 to be overcome with boredom 白问不厌 to serve patiently and tirelessly 三言两语 a few words 五谷丰登、五光十色、五湖四海、十万火急、才高八斗、千秋万代（throughout the ages）