confidence&林肯演讲&the meaning of life&kiss of reality

第一篇：confidence&林肯演讲&the meaning of life&kiss of reality

The Gettysburg Address  Gettysburg, Pennsylvania  November 19, 1863 

Fourscore and seven years ago,our fathers brought forth upon this continent a new nation,conceived and dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal.

Now we are egaged in a great civil war,testing whether that nation or any nation so conceived and dedicated can long endure.We are met on the battelfield of that war.We have come to dedicate a portion of that field as a final-resting place for those who gave their lives that the nation might live.It is altogether and proper that we should do this.

But, in a larger sense,we can not dedicate,we can not consecrate,we can not hallow this ground.The brave men,living and dead,have consecrated it far above our power to add or detract.The world will little note what we say here,but it can never forget what they did here.It is for us,the living,rather to be dedicated to the great task remaining before us,that from these honored dead we take increased devotion to that cause for which they gave the last full measure of devotion,that the nation shall have a new birth of freedom,that the goverment of the people by the people and for the people shall not perish from the earth.Confidence Every day is a new day in our life.There is much to do today.The early morning sun inspires us to start things freshly and put back our past.Only a handful of us make use of this fresh bunch of energy.In various walis of life this affects the way we behave and our confidence level.Confidence is a key to survive in this world.It is the only key tool to win the rat race in every walk of life.Confidence in ones owns capabilities combined with sincere efforts help one to achieve unthinkable heights.But many times we see that this basic element of confidence is missing in us.As a result of lack of confidence we perform well below our caliber.Be it in a public speech, proposing your beloved, visas for your college or in an interview or say even on the eve before your exams.This can be due to fear of being rejected or any other reason.If we look into our hearts and think, we will come to know that fear inside us I going to get us nowhere.The confidence inside us is going to take us places.This is because with confidence we can put our thoughts into words in a better and pleasing way.So we have to get out of that shell where we think whether people will accept us as we are? Instead of living in these unending moments of fear and thoughtless analysis, it is better if we project ourselves with the skills we have with the gloss of confidence.With confidence we can portray the finer points of our personality in such a way that the places where we do lack are never highlighted.Confidence should glow in us only till the point where our personality is boosted.Above this it leads to over-confidence that is harmful.Over-confidence results in unsatisfied performance levels as the seed of ego grows into a plant into our mind.We then imagine and make big talks just to maintain our ego.So guys don’t let the seed of ego to germinate in your mind, as this seed should be used only for you to live up to your expectations.Confidence is all about being cool, calm and composed.So guys do you have it in you?If you think you don't,boost up yourselves as your mind is your greatest mentor.You are your greatest helper.Life is never just being.It is becoming a relentless, flowing on.Our parents live on through us,and we will live on through our children.The institutions we build endure,and we will endure through them.The beauty we fashion cannot be dimmed by death.Our flesh may perish,our hands will wither,but that which they creat in beauty and goodness and truth lives on for all time to come.Don't spend and waste your lives accumulating objects that will only turn to dust and ashes.Pusue not so much the material as the ideal,for ideals alone invest life with meaning and are of enduring worth.Add love to a house and you have a home.Add righteousness to a city and you have a community.Add truth to a pile of red brick and you have a school.Add religion to the hublest of edifices and you have a sanctuary.Add justice to the far-flung round of human endeavor and you have civilization.Put them all together,exalt them above their present imperfections, add to them the vision of humankind redeemed,forever free of need and strife and you have a future lighted with the radiant colors of hope.[NoPage

Kiss of Reality To talk of illusions, are't they great? illusion or day dreaming help us to think of what we want to become in life.We literally see how life revolves us in that position.It's an entirely different world of pleasure, comfort and imagination.Most of our day dreaming or illusions make us more and more egocentric.The word ego means self.Hence by dreaming and visualization we become self-centered.We never realize that things we dream of can be achieved by us by programming ourselves to work for it.But somehow the pleasure of dreaming ourselves as someone important takes us away from the realistic approach to achieve that level of self-satisfaction and self-accomplishment.幻想对于我们来说不美妙吗？在我们一生中，是幻想，或者是说，是白日梦，让我们去思考成为什么样的人．我们认真的观察我们的生命是循着怎样的一条轨道．那时严格完全不同的世界，它充满了愉悦＼轻松和创意．我们的大多数幻想和白日梦会使得我们越来越以自我为中心．＂ＥＧＯ＂这个词的意思是自我．由于幻想，我们变得以自我为中心．我们从未有意识到，我们所梦想的事情是可以通过我们周详的计划去实现的．但不知何故，幻想成为某个著名人物的愉悦，却使我们远离了能够与满意和成就真实接触的机会．

This leads to an increase in the frustration levels of our mind.Why frustrations? This is because what we are, and what we dream of are totally different.We raise ourselves to a very high pedestal and we see that we are not able to live up to our expectations.And when this happens, we become mentally restless.无边际的幻想导致我们挫折感越来越强．为什么会这样？那是因为现实中的我们和幻想中的我们完全不同．我们把自己提到一个很高的层面，但实际上，我们根本不可能心如所愿．而每每想到这，我们便会焦虑不按．

The vital solution that will dissolve all our problems is to make up our minds to get realistic.This approach will make us come in terms with reality.And there is no better road to self-improvement rather than the path of reality.When you gauge yourself , you subconsciously make two columns in your mind.One consists of the things that you are good at ,and the other consists of the ares where you can improve.And believe it will boost us to work on our weak areas and strengthen them.Fortifying your weak areas will harness your conscience and improve you convert would be to must be.And when someting must happen, it always happens.This new you will improve you for the better and increase your levels of self-esteem.It will change your outlook to things.要想解决所有的这些问题，我们必须让自己变得现实些，这样将使得我们接触现实．没有比了解实际情况更能够提高我们自己的了．当你评价你自己的时候，在我们脑海中，会下意识的用两种不同的方式．一种包括我们所擅长的方面，另一种则是我们能够有所改进的．相信我这是一个好的开始，它将促使我们不断的改进＼完善自我．这就像给我们的良知套上了缰绳，使我们的不足的方面得到改善，提高我们的自信．有了自信，我们就会收获我们想要的结果．当某些事情要发生的时候，它总会发生的．崭新的，充满自信的我们又会促进我们的发展，并且提高我们的自信心．这将会改变我们对事物的看法． I would like to type the thoughts that have just sprung up in my mind.Read and ponder on each line.I admit that it's a sad aim at poetry, but I am allowing my mind to control my typing.我喜欢把那些从我大脑里跳出来的每一个想法记录下来．我静静的读并且认真思考每一行，我承认它也许不是一首好诗，但是，我可以说，我记录下来的都是我思想的每一个微粒． If you want to achieve what you couldn't have 如果你想要做到你能力之外的事情 If you want to be what you want to be 如果你想要成为你所期望的样子 If you want to do what you can do, 如果你想要做你能够做的，but aren't doing 但你没有做 If there is a place,you want to be 如果有一个地方，你想要去 but haven't been 但却没有去 You will get there, become the one and do it 你今后一定会到那里，成为那个成功到达的人 Cos its all in a state of mind.因为成和败全都在你的思想 Make up your mind and rule the stars.下定决心你就可以支配你的命数 Control your mind and make your fate.管制你的思想就可以改变自己的命运

I hope this conveys my thoughts with clarity.So it's some advice and suggestion to all those eyeballs running through this part of the book, to keep their heads on their shoulders without using heads and shoulders!And believe me guys;you guys have it in you to make it big.Just don't let that teenage iconoclastic habit rule over sense.我希望这些话，清楚的表达了我的思想．对正在观看这部分书的人来说它是建议和忠告，使他们能够有自己的想法，无须提醒．相信我，你们身上也有这些让幻想成为现实的潜能．不要让十几岁的叛逆心理控制了自己的理智． [NoPage

第二篇：林肯演讲

The Gettysburg Address

Abraham Lincoln

Fourscore and seven years ago, our fathers brought forth upon this continent a new nation, conceived in liberty, and dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal.Now we are engaged in a great civil war, testing whether that nation or any nation so conceived and so dedicated, can long endure.We are met on a great battlefield of that war.We have come to dedicate a portion of it as the final resting place of those who here gave their lives that that nation might live.It is altogether fitting and proper that we should do this, but in a larger sense we cannot dedicate –we cannot consecrate –we cannot hallow this ground.The brave men, living and dead, who struggled here, have consecrated it far above our poor power to add or detract.The world will little note, nor long remember, what we say here, but it can never forget what they did here.It is for us, the living, rather to be dedicated here to the unfinished work that they have thus far so nobly advanced.It is rather for us to be here dedicated to the great task remaining before us,that from those honored dead we take increased devotion to that cause for which they gave the last full measure of devotion;that we here highly resolve that these dead shall not have died in vain;that this nation, under God, shall have a new birth of freedom, and that government of the people, by the people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth.最后一句参考译文如下：

在此，我们将献身于有待我们去完成的伟大事业，即我们将更加致力于完成先烈们曾为之献身的这一事业，即在此我们将下定决心，不使先烈的鲜血白流，即这个国家在上帝的庇佑之下，必将得到自由的新生,一个民有、民治、民享的政府，必将永世长存。

这一段是这样翻译出来的：

(1)It is rather for us to be here dedicated to the great task remaining before us─(2)that from those honored dead we take increased devotion to that cause(3)for which they gave the last full measure of devotion─(2)that we here highly resolve

(3)that these dead shall not have died in vain─(2)that this nation, under God, shall have a new birth of freedom─(2)and that government of the people, by the people, for the people, shall not perishfrom the earth.分析：

这是林肯总统的“Gettysburg Address”中最后、最重要、也是最长的一句话。词句虽稍长，并列结构多，但层次还是清楚的，一目了然。层次也不是很复杂，全句只有三个层次：主句，在全句的开始，前面标有（1）；从句，在每个“──”号之后，前面标有（2），表示第二个层次，共有四个；从句中的从句，前面标有（3），表示第三个层次，共有两个。关键是弄清这几层之间的关系：第二层次的四个并列从句皆为task 的同位语从句；第一个第三层次的从句为 cause 的定语从句，第二个则为 resolve 的宾语从句。每个层次还有一些其它结构，如 government 后就有三个著名于世的并列的 of 短语作定语，就不一一分析了。注意全句末尾反译（反面正译）手段的运用，比较原句反面的表达：“必不致从地球上消灭。”

参考译文：

主讲：亚伯拉罕·林肯

时间：1863年11月19日

地点：美国，宾夕法尼亚，葛底斯堡

八十七年以前，我们的祖先在这大陆上建立了一个国家，它孕育于自由，并且献身给一种理念，即所有人都是声来平等的。

当前，我们正在从事一次伟大的内战，我们在考验，究竟这个国家，或任何一个有这种主张和这种信仰的国家，是否能长久存在。我们在那次战争的一个伟大的战场上集会。我们来到这里，奉献那个战场上的一部分土地，作为在此地为那个国家的生存而牺牲了自己生命的人的永久眠息之所。我们这样做，是十分合情合理的。

可是，就更深一层意义而言，我们是无从奉献这片土地的--无从使它成为圣地--也不能把它变为人们景仰之所。那些在这里战斗的勇士，活着的和死去的，已使这块土地神圣化了，远非我们的菲薄能力所能左右。世人会不大注意，更不会长久记得我们在此地所说的话，然而他们将永远忘不了这些人在这里所做的事。相反，我们活着的人应该献身于那些曾在此作战的人们所英勇推动而尚未完成的工作。我们应该在此献身于我们面前所留存的伟大工作--由于他们的光荣牺牲，我们要更坚定地致力于他们曾作最后全部贡献的那个事业--我们在此立志宣誓，不能让他们白白死去--要使这个国家在上帝的庇佑之下，得到新生的自由--要使那民有、民治、民享的政府不致从地球上消失。(翻译可能不很准确，如要准确，请查询专业书籍)

第三篇：林肯演讲

Four score and seven years ago, our fathers brought forth upon this continent a new Nation, conceived inLiberty, and dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal.Now, we are engaged in a great Civil War, testing whether that Nation, or any nation so conceived and so dedicated, can long endure.We are met on a great battlefield of that war.We have come to dedicate a portion of that field as a final resting-place for those who gave their lives that Nation might live.It is altogether fitting and proper that we should do this.But, in a larger sense, we cannot dedicate, we cannot consecrate, we cannot hallow this ground.The brave men, living and dead, who struggled here, have consecrated it far above our power to add or detract.The world will little note nor long remember what we say here, but it can never forget what they did here.It is for us, the living, rather to be dedicated to the great task remaining before us;that from these honored dead, we take increased devotion to that cause for which they gave the last full measure of devotion;that this Nation, under GOD, shall have a new birth of freedom;and that government of the People by the People and for the People shall not perish from the earth."

87年前，我们的先辈们在这个大陆上创立了一个新国家，它孕育于自由之中，奉行一切人生来平等的原则。现在我们正从事一场伟大的内战，以考验这个国家，或者任何一个孕育于自由和奉行上述原则的国家是否能够长久存在下去。我们在这场战争中的一个伟大战场上集会。烈士们为使这个国家能够生存下去而献出了自己的生命，我们来到这里，是要把这个战场的一部分奉献给他们作为最后安息之所。我们这样做是完全应该而且是非常恰当的。

但是，从更广泛的意义上来说，这块土地我们不能够奉献，不能够圣化，不能够神化。那些曾在这里战斗过的勇士们，活着的和去世的，已经把这块土地圣化了，这远不是我们微薄的力量所能增减的。我们今天在这里所说的话，全世界不大会注意，也不会长久地记住，但勇士们在这里所做过的事，全世界却永远不会忘记。毋宁说，倒是我们这些还活着的人，应该在这里把自己奉献于勇士们已经如此崇高地向前推进但尚未完成的事业。倒是我们应该在这里把自己奉献于仍然留在我们面前的伟大任务——我们要从这些光荣的死者身上汲取更多的献身精神，来完成他们已经完全彻底为之献身的事业；我们要在这里下定最大的决心，不让这些死者白白牺牲；我们要使国家在上帝福佑下得到自由的新生，要使这个民有、民治、民享的政府永世长存。亚伯拉罕.林肯

第四篇：林肯演讲分析

Analyze all the sentences in this article.Four score and seven years ago our fathers brought forth on this continent, a new nation, conceived in Liberty, and dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal.Now we are engaged in a great civil war, testing whether that nation, or any nation so conceived and so dedicated, can long endure.We are met on a great battle field of that war.We have come to dedicate a portion of that field, as a final resting place for those who here gave their lives that that nation might live.It is altogether fitting and proper that we should do this.But, in a larger sense, we can not dedicate—we can not consecrate—we can not hallow—this ground.The brave men, living and dead, who struggled here, have consecrated it, far above our poor power to add or detract.The world will little note, nor long remember what we say here, but it can never forget what they did here.It is for us the living, rather, to be dedicated here to the unfinished work which they who fought here have thus far so nobly advanced.It is rather for us to be here dedicated to the great task remaining before us — that from these honored dead we take increased devotion to that cause for which they gave the last full measure of devotion — that we here highly resolve that these dead shall not have died in vain — that this nation, under God, shall have a new birth of freedom — and that government of the people, by the people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth.The first sentence is a simple sentence.In this sentence ,” “four score and seven years ago ” is a adverbial phrase as a adverbial.“our fathers”is a noun phrase as the subject.“brought fouth” is a verb phrase as the predicate verb.“on this continent” is a adverbial phrase as a adverbial.“a new nation, conceived in Liberty, and dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal” is a noun phrase as the object.The second sentence is a simple sentence.In this sentence, “now” is a adverbial.“we” is the subject.“are engaged in” is a verb phrase as the predicate verb.“ a great civil war, testing whether that nation, or any nation so conceived and so dedicated, can long endure” is a noun phrase as the adverbial.The third sentence is a simple sentence.In this sentence, “we” is the subject.“are met” is a verb phrase as the predicate verb.“on a great battlefield of that war” is a preposition as a adverbial.The fourth sentence is a simple sentence.In this sentence, “we” is the subject.“have come” is a verb phrase as the predicate verb.“to dedicate a portion of that field, as a final resting place for those who here gave their lives that that nation might live” is a complex clause as a adverbial.The fifth sentence is a simple sentence.In this sentence, “it” is a empty subject.“is” is linking verb as the predicate verb.“altogether fitting and proper” is a adjective phrase as the complement.“that we should do this” is the subject.The sixth sentence is a compound sentence.In this sentence, “but in a larger sense”is a preposition phrase as a adverbial.“we” is the subject.“can not dedicate” “ can not consecrate” “can not hallow” are verb phrases as predicate verbs.“this ground” is a noun phrase as the object.The seventh sentence is a simple sentence made up of a non-finite clause “living and dead” and a finite clause “who struggled here” and a main clause.In the main clause, “the brave men” is a noun phrase as the subject.“have consecrated” is a verb phrase as the predicate verb.“it” is the object.“far above our poor power” is a preposition phrase as a objective complement.“ to add or detract” is a non-finite clause as a adverbial.The eighth sentence is a compound sentence.In this sentence, “the world” is a noun phase as the subject.“will little note nor long remember” and “can never forget” are verb phrases as predicate verbs.“what we say here” and “what we did here” are finite clauses as objects.The ninth sentence is a simple sentence consist of a non-finite clause “to be dedicated here to the unfinished work” and a finite clause “which they fought here have thus far so nobly advanced.In this sentence, “it” is the empty subject.“is” a linking verb as the predicate verb.“for us” is a preposition phrase as a complement.“the living, rather, to be dedicated here to the unfinished work which they who fought here have thus far so nobly advanced” is a simple clause as the subject.The tenth sentence is a compound sentence.In this sentence, “it” is a empty subject.“is rather for us to be here dedicated to” is a verb phrase as the predicate verb.“the great task remaining before us” is a noun phrase as the object.“that from these honored dead we take increased devotion to that cause for which they gave the last full measure of devotion — that we here highly resolve that these dead shall not have died in vain — that this nation, under God, shall have a new birth of freedom — and that government of the people, by the people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth.” Is a compound clause as the subject.

第五篇：林肯就职演讲（定稿）

一根根不可思议的回忆之弦，从每个战场和每个爱国志士的坟墓，伸展到这片辽阔土地上每一颗充满活力的心房和每一个家庭，只要我们本性中的善念再度，而且一定会，加以拨动，它们终会重新奏出响亮的联邦协奏曲。

在1860年的总统选举中，民主党内的南北分裂，为林肯和共和党的胜利扫清了道路。虽然林肯被挑选出来作候选人，部分是由于他有温和主义者的名声，但是南方人还是警告说，如果林肯获胜，他们将脱离联邦。无论在南方还是北方，林肯的当选都被看作是对奴隶制和奴隶主政治权力的排斥。就在林肯当选之后，美国七个州(南卡罗来纳、密西西比、佛罗里达、亚拉巴马、乔治亚、路易斯安那、得克萨斯)脱离了联邦，并于1861年2月4日，在亚拉巴马州的蒙哥马利组成美国南部邦联。几 周后，国会提出了一项在美国禁止奴隶制的宪法修正案。(这项修正案于1865年被批准为第十三修正案。)

1861年3月4日，林肯在华盛顿特区国会大厦前的台阶上宣誓就职时，向处于分裂和内战边沿的国民发表演说。他呼吁理智和冷静。他的演说是为维护联邦和避免战争所作的最后一次努力。不过，林肯明确表示，联邦将保卫自己，脱离联邦是不合法的，以暴力反对联邦政府将被看作是叛乱。林肯的祈求没有人听。南方邦联的军队于1861年4月12日炮击南卡罗来纳州查尔斯顿的萨姆特堡，内战由此开始。在萨姆特堡陷落之后，维吉尼亚州、阿肯色州、北卡罗来纳州和田纳西州都加入了美国南部邦联。

„„在南方各州的人民中似乎存在着一种忧虑，即由共和党执政，他们的财产、安定的生活和个人安全将会遭到危险。这种忧虑从来就没有任何理由。说实在的，无须忧虑的最充足的证据一直都是客观存在的，而且公开接受他们检查。这可以在这位现在向你们致辞的人的几乎所有发表过的演讲里找到。我现在仅引用那些演说辞中的一篇来声明：

我无意直接或间接地在有蓄奴制的州里干预蓄奴制度。我相信我没有这样做的合法权利，而且我也没有这样做的意愿。„„

自从一位总统依照国家宪法第一次就职以来已经过了72年。72年里，15位出类拔萃的公民相继管理了这个政府的行政部门。他们领导这个政府经历了许多危险，而且一般都取得很大成功。可是。尽管有这种先例，我却是在巨大而特别困难的情况下，担负起同样的任务，履行短暂的四年总统任期。分裂联邦，以前还只是一种威胁，现在却已变成令人生畏的行动。

考虑到一般的法律和我们的宪法，我认为这些州所组成的联邦是永久性的。在所有国家政府的基本大法中，即使没有明文规定其永久性，也总是含有此意的。我们可以断言，没有一个正式政府曾经在其组织法中，规定一个使自己寿终正寝的条款。只要我们继续执行国家宪法中所有的明文规定，这个联邦就会永久存在，——除非采取宪法法规以外的某种行动，我们是无法摧毁联邦的。

再说，即使合众国不是一个正式的政府，而仅是各州之间一种契约性的组合，那麽，作为一份契约，难道就可以由少数人而不是全体订约人，不经争执，心

安理得地予以取消吗?契约的一方可以违反它——或者说是破坏它，但难道不需要通过全体订约人就能合法地解除它吗?„„

从这些观点可以推定，任何州均不得仅由自己动议，即可合法脱离联邦；有关这方面的决议和法令在法律上都是无效的；对于任何一州或数州境内反抗美国政府的暴动，应依据情况来确定其为叛乱还是革命。

因此，我认为依照宪法与法律，联邦是不可分裂的；我将尽我所能，务使联邦法律在所有各州得到忠实贯彻，这是宪法本身明文规定责成我这样做的。我认为这样做仅是我本身的一种责任；而且我将在可行的范围内去履行这责任，除非我的合法主人，即美国人民，制止使用这些必要的手段，或者通过某种权威性方式，作出相反的指示。我相信这种说法应该不会被认为是一种威胁，而只是把它看作是联邦所明确宣布的目标，即它要依照宪法保护和维系自身。

要这样做，就必须没有流血和暴力发生，而且只要不是强加于国家权威头上的，哪怕有一点都不行。所赋予我的权力将用来保存、占领和掌握属于政府的财产和地盘，并征集税收和关税，但是，超出为达到这些目标所必需的手段，就不能去侵犯任何地方的人民，不能使用武力反对任何地方的人民，或在任何地方的人民中使用武力„„

据说在这个或那个地区里，有一些人千方百计地企图摧毁联邦，甚至不惜利用一切借口非达此目的不可。对此，我不加肯定也不给予否定。但若事情果真如此，我无须对这帮人致辞。可是，对于那些真正热爱联邦的人们，我难道能够缄默不言吗?

在事情还没严重到破坏我们的国家组织，连同它的一切利益，全部历史和所有希望之前，把我们这样做的意图准确地弄清楚，难道不是明智的吗?如果你们要躲避的灾难可能实际上并不存在，在这种情况下，你们难道还要铤而走险吗?如果你即将遇到的灾难比你们想逃避的所有实际的灾难更为深重，难道你们还要冒险赴难，铸成可怕的错误吗?

如果宪法规定的一切权利能够得到维护，则人人都会以身在联邦而感到满足的。那麽，宪法里明文规定的权利究竟有哪一项真的被否定了?我认为没有„„

迄今还不曾有过一部根本大法，对于一切实际行政管理中可能出现的任何问题都有专门条款来规范；没有先知可以预见会发生什麽，也没有任何繁简适度的文件所明文规定的条款足以应付一切可能发生的问题。联邦和州政府要交出逃亡的奴隶吗?宪法中没有明文规定。国会可以在准州地区禁止奴隶制度吗?宪法里没有明文规定。国会必须在准州地区维护奴隶制度吗？宪法也没有明文规定。

就从这类问题中触发出我们一切有关宪法的争论，我们可把争论者分为多数派和少数派。即使少数派不愿支持政府，多数派也必须支持，否则政府就必须停止工作。其它的替代办法是没有的；要使政府继续存在下去，必须得有一方的支持。在这种情况下，如果有一个少数派不支持政府而要脱离联邦，那麽他们

就开了一个先例，这必然会导致他们内部分裂并毁了他们，因为他们自己内部的多数派拒受这种少数派控制时，这个少数派又会脱离他们。举例来说，正如目前联邦中的一些州宣布脱离联邦那样，一两年后南部新邦联中的一部分难道就不会蛮横地再行脱离吗?一切醉心于分裂的人们目前所接受的正是这种思想。

在这些要组成新联邦的州之间，难道真的具有完全一致的利益，足以使彼此和睦共处，并避免重新分裂吗?

显然，脱离联邦的核心思想正是无政府状态的实质所在。一个被宪法的强制力和规范所约束，并能顺应公众舆论和公众感情的审慎的变化而变化的多数派，才是自由人民唯一真正的治理者。谁否认它，谁就必然走向无政府或专制。完全一致是不可能的。少数人的统治，作为一项永久性的安排，是完全不能接受的。因此，如果否认多数原则，剩下来的仅有某种形式的无政府状态或专制而已„„

我国有一部分人相信奴隶制是对的，应当予以延续，而另外一部分人则相信它是错的，不应予以延续。这是唯一的实质性争执„„

从地理环境上说，我们是无法分离的。我们不能把各地区从彼此的位置上挪开，也不能在它们之间筑起不可逾越的城墙。夫妻可以离婚，以后彼此不相见，也无法找到对方，但是，我国的不同地区之间不能这麽做。它们不得不面面相对，彼此往来，不管是友好的还是敌对的，这情形一定会在它们之间继续下去。那麽，分裂以后是否有可能使彼此来往比以前更有利或者更令人满意呢?与外人签约会比与朋友共订法律更容易吗?条约在异邦人之间会比法律在朋友之间得到更忠实的执行吗?假如你们要打仗，你们也不能一直打下去，在双方都伤亡惨重，谁也没有收获之后，你们停止作战时，关于交往条件的一些与以前完全相同的老问题又会摆在你们面前„„

为什麽不能满怀信心，耐心等待人民的最终裁决呢?难道还有更好的或能与此相匹的希望吗?在我们目前的分歧中，难道双方都没有信心认为自己是站在正确的一边吗?如果代表永恒真理和正义的万能上帝站在你们北方一边或者站在你们南方一边，那麽经过美国人民这个大法庭的裁决，真理和正义定将普照天下。

从管理我们的政府的组织结构来看，聪明的人民没有给他们的公仆多少权力去胡闹，而且他们还以同样的智慧为在短期内将那一点点权力收回到他们自己手中作了准备。只要人民保持他们的道德和警惕，任何行政管理人员，不管他们是多麽邪恶或多麽愚蠢，都不可能在短短四年内给这个政府造成严重伤害。

同胞们，你们每个人都应冷静地好好思考这整个问题。花点时间是不会使任何有价值的东西遭到损失的。如果真有一件东西驱使你们之中任何一个人十万火急地去采取一个你们在审慎沉着的情况下所决不会采取的步骤，那麽花点时间去思考就可以挫败这东西。任何好的东西是不会因为你这样做而遭到挫败的。就好像你们现在都心怀不满，可你们还有一部未受损害的老宪法可依，在敏感问题上，你们还有你们自己根据宪法所制定的法律可依，而新的行政当局即便

想，也没有改变宪法或这些法律的直接权力。就算大家公认你们这些心怀不满的人是站在争执的正确一边，那也没有任何充足的理由去采取草率的行动。以我们的聪明才智、爱国精神、基督教信仰以及对至今从未据弃过这片沐浴圣恩的土地的上帝的坚定信赖，我们还是有足够的能力用最好的方武来解决我们目前所遇到的一切困难。

各位心怀不满的同胞们，内战这一重大问题，不系于我的手里，而系于你们的手里。政府不会攻击你们。只要你们自己不当侵略者，你们就不会遇到冲突。你们没有对天发誓要摧毁政府，但我们却要立下最庄严的誓言来“保存、保护和保卫它”。

我真不愿结束我的演讲。我们不是敌人。我们之间感情的纽带，或会因情绪激动而绷紧，但决不可折断。那一根根不可思议的回忆之弦，从每个战场和爱国志士的坟墓，伸展到这片辽阔土地上每一颗充满活力的心房和每一个家庭，只要我们本性中的善念再度，而且一定会，加以拨动，它们终会重新奏出响亮的联邦协奏曲。