国际学术交流英语_讲稿以及问答_PM2.5

第一篇：国际学术交流英语_讲稿以及问答_PM2.5

Morning ladies and gentlemen，it is a great honor for me to be here to do my presentation, today I want to say something about air pollution-PM2.5.As the beginning of my presentation, I’ll show several pictures of foggy cities.Can you guess where is this picture taken from? Yes, it’s the Oriental Pearl in Shanghai.And this place is the Palace Museum in Beijing.This picture is no better than the former two.Ok, let’s come back to my theme.There’re four parts in my presentation.First I will introduce something of PM2.5.Then I’ll tell you how PM2.5 does harm to us, and what we can do to protect us from it.The last but the most important is what we need do to control the pollution.Do you know how small the PM2.5 is? Look at this picture, this is the fine beach sand, its diameter is about 90 micrometers, this is a piece of human hair, the blue ball is PM10, and the red ball is PM2.5.From the picture, we can draw the conclusion that, the diameter of PM10 is one fifth of hair’s, PM2.5 is one forth of PM10, then you can imagine how small the PM2.5 is.So scientists usually use PM2.5 to show the content of particulate in per cubic meter of air.The higher the index is, the more harmful to people.This map shows the PM2.5 all over the world, on the map, the heaviest polluted areas are located in the northeast part of China.If you want to know more about the details, look at this map.Unfortunately, Jinan is listed as one of the heaviest polluted cities in China.Then where is PM2.5 from? I think there are 4 main resources. Daily power generation  Industrial production  Automotive exhaust emission  Dust on the construction sites How does PM2.5 dose harm to us? It does harm to our respiratory system and cardiovascular system.If you are exposed in high density of PM2.5, that may cause DNA damage and increase the risk of lung cancer.So when it comes to protection, we should wear PM2.5 mouth-muffle, chooses public transport, smoke less or don’t smoke, and don’t exercise in fog day morning.To reduce the density of PM2.5, the fundamental measures are as follows:  Control the pollution source  Planting  Using the monitoring network  Setting spray equipment

I hope that in 10 years,20 years, our sky will be like this.Thank you for your attention~

Q：如果没有人为的空气污染，那么在空气中的PM2.5浓度是多少啊 If there is no pollution, what is the concentration of PM2.5 A：即使没有人为污染，空气中也有一定浓度的PM2.5.这个浓度称为背景浓度。大约是3-5微克每立方米

Even if there is no man-made pollution, also have a certain density of PM2.5 in the air.The concentration is called background。It is about 3 to 5 milligrams per cubic meter

Q: 从我们的专业角度讲，我们能做什么？对于一些大城市出现的汽车限购政策，你认为是一个好的措施吗？

From the point of view of professional,what can we do for the pm2.5 problem？Do you think the restriction policy

of automobile in many cities is a good measure？

A：从一定程度上可以减少排放量，是一个措施，但不一定是适合所有城市。

We should develop advanced engine technology and after treatment technique to reduce the pm2.5 emission.Q：Distinguished Professor Li, do you think we can control the pm2.5 pollution successfully? A: No Q：so what is the significance of the control of pm2.5? A:actually it is impossible in china，just as the horizon, you can see it, but you can never get it.Q:so did you mean the control of pm2.5 is just of more psychological importance? A: yes, i did

第二篇：学术交流英语PPT讲稿

30s

Good afternoon, everyone.The title of the paper is Visible Microspectroscopy for Diagnosis of Gastric Precancer.Its author is Liu Yong from Department of Physics, Zhao qing University.It’s presented by Li Mengfan from CAS, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science.You can know more about cancer and the new method to diagnose gastric precancer after reading this paper.58s

Cancer is very common among human beings.It is mostly related to the habit of the patients, the job, the environment, the drinking water and the soil matters, too.If a person is affected by certain bacteria, he may also get gastric cancer.Bad habits like smoking, drinking, mental tension, eating improperly and living irregularly increase the possibility of having cancer.Before specific treatment, the doctor should make sure whether the patient has cancer and where the focus is.The method used to diagnose cancer and locate the cancerous area is very important.42s

Before we design a method to diagnose cancer, we should know more about cancer like where it starts and what it causes.Firstly, about 90% of the human’s cancer start from the epithelial layer of skin, internal organs and tubular organs in the body.Secondly , cancer usually accompanied by the changes of organization structure in the cell level.So, the changes which appear in the structure of organization and chemical composition provides important evidence for diagnosis of precancer.42s

Normal method to diagnose gastric precancer is Reflectance spectroscopy.It’s very prospective in early diagnosis of cancer and is commonly used these years.One of the most common technology is diffuse reflectance visible spectroscopy, it can acquire the approximate information of the target tissue.This method is low cost, fast and non-invasive, it provides important means for diagnosis of malignant damage of organization of human organs.However, there are also some disadvantages of this method which need to be improved.55s

This is the system of diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, the light beam emitted from the tungsten halogen lamp is guided into the integral ball by the source fiber.The light come out of the integral ball irradiate the standard board, the reflected light of the standard board is treated as the background.Then take target tissue substitute for the standard board, and scan the reflected light of it.The reflected light spectra of the gastric tissue mucosal layer and the submucosa layer is guided into the spectrometer by the collector fiber.The spectrometer and the computer is connected by USB, spectrum can be processed using computer.36s

First of all, only average visible spectrum of the target tissue can be acquired, it means that the docters cannot make out the location of the cancerous tissue precisely.What’s more, the device is easy to be affected by changes of optical path length induced by different set-up of prober and the variation of hemoglobin concentration due to the pressure between prober and tissue.50s

To avoid the problems of the commonly used techniques, diffuse reflectance visible spectroscopy, scientists do a lot of researches to find out a new way to diagnose precancer.The new method is Visible Microspectroscopy.The visible microspectroscopic measurement device is accomplished on the basis of fiber confocal microscope, its 3-d imaging principle devote to the optical tomography ability of the system.The visible microspectrum of cancerous and normal tissue can be analysed and contrasted, so it’s more useful than the normal method.45s

This is the structure of the visible microspectroscopy device.The fiber coupler can separate the lighting beams from the signal beam.The two lens can focus the light on the tissue ，The 3-D electronic controlled platform move along the direction of optic axis, so that the device can acquire the visible microspectroscopy signal of the sample in different depth, precisely locate the boundary of the cancerous tissue.The signal measured from different position can be stored in the computer after analysed by the spectrometer.31s

This is the spectrum chart of the normal tissue and cancerous tissue, they are analyzed by the spectrometer before being transmitted to the computer.The upper chart is the visible spectrum of normal tissue, it is regular.Contrasting to this, in the nether chart, the spectrum of the cancerous area shows that the strength of reflected light grows as the wave length grows.49s

In comparison with the normal method, there are a lot of advantages of the new method.Firstly, the structure of visible microspectroscopy device is very simple.The main parts consist of source, fiber coupler, 3-D electronic controlled platform, spectrometer and the computer.Secondly, the 3-D space microspectrum can be acquired , which can help the doctors efficiently make out whether the gastric tissue is cancerous.What’s more, the optical tomography ability enabled the device to precisely locate the edge of the cancerous area.32s i.ii.iii.In conclusion, the main goal of this research is to find a new way to diagnose the gastric precancer.The spectrum of the normal and cancerous gastric tissues which can be measured by visible microspectroscopy in cell level is the central idea.This new method can obtain the cell level information, and is not affected by changes of optical path length and hemoglobin concentration.50s

i.The device is very simple, so it can have a small size, which can reduce the sufferings of patients.It can efficiently make out whether the tissue is canceration.ii.Besides, the 3-D space microspectrum and optical tomography ability can make the device accurately distinguish the cancerous tumor area from the normal tissue in cell level, thus the boundary of the cancerous tissue can be ascertained accurately.iii.The result of the research shows that this device may be used to non-invasively diagnosis of early gastric cancer.20s

This device is only researched in the lab, there are still a lot of works to do to make this device applied into practice.So, special design of this device should be made which can be applied to the medical diagnosis.

第三篇：英语国际学术交流——主持人演讲词

表示欢迎：Good morning, Ladies and Gentlemen, I’m privileged to welcome you all to “Nuclear energy around us” conference.You have come all the way for this conference.Thank you very much for your attention/participation.自我介绍：Let me introduce myself I am Dr Wangfrom DLUT, China, and I am going to be the chair for this morning’s session.介绍议题：

This conference will focus on the

discussion of the various aspects of Nuclear Energy

It includes the application of nuclear energy and the Safety and Waste of Nuclear Energy.And we will also discuss the prospect of Nuclear Energy.这个会议将主要讨论有关核能的各个方面。

I hope that this conference of Nuclear Energy will improve our understanding of DEF.I also hope that the Congress will provide the opportunity for personal

exchange of scientific results, facilitate the making of new acquaintances, and strengthen personal friendships among participants from different parts of the world.介绍报告人：

Now it gives me great pleasure to introduce today’s speakers.They are :

Zhao Fan, professor of Tsing Hua University institute of Nuclear and new energy technology.Xu Chong feng, president o f China Power investment group company.Liu Qian, professor of Physics ,head of American Nuclear Energy Association.1Today our first speaker is Zhao Fan,The title of her presentation is “The History of Nuclear Energy”.Let’s welcome

toprofessor Zhao Fan.向报告人示谢：

Thanks professor Zhao very much for her splendid report.After pro Zhao’s speech , do you have any questions, hands up please!

No? Okay,Our allocated time is almost up.Now I would like to answer one more question.Any additional questions ?Thank you once again for your excellent explanation

2Our second speaker is Xu Chong

feng, as the president of China Power investment group company,he will present us another excellent report titled “The Safety and Waste of Nuclear Energy”.Let’s welcome to president Xu with our warm applause.向报告人示谢：

Thanks president Xu very much for

his excellent speech.After pre Xu’s reportIs there any specific question you would like to address to president Xu?

I believe president Xu will give you any satisfactory answers.Any additional questions?

I hope the audience will participate in the discussion by raising their hands.3The third presentation will be made

by Liu Qian, head of American Nuclear Energy Association.She will be speaking to us on something about the Prospect of Nuclear Energy.Let’s welcome to Professor Liu.向报告人示谢：

Thanks professor Liu very much for her wonderful speech.After pre Xu’s report is there any specific question you would like to address to professor Liu?

Any additional questions ?

控制进程：

Let’s keep on schedule and go ahead to the fourth paper.We’ll then go on with the last paper.Well, I am sure we could discuss longer, but unfortunately time is up.Thank you very much, Dr A.Our next speaker

is Dr C.Sorry, we don’t have any time for questions, so we have to proceed to the next paper.三位报告人报告结束：

Thanks for the excellent report of the three experts.Finally Let’s welcome to Professor Liu Jian ,Secretary,Dalian University of Technology ,Dalian,China, give us a summary of conference.报告总结：

Thanks for the excellent report of the four experts.Nuclear energy Safety is important for public health, socio-economic stability and global commerce.核能安全是关公众健康、社会经济稳定和全球贸易的重大问题.There is no denying the fact that it makes nuclear energy protection an

extremely important issue worldwide, the city authorities should take strong

measures to deal with it.Any government, which is blind to this point, may pay a heavy price.无可否认，核能保护是一个极其严重的世界性问题，城市当局应该采取有力措施来解决它。任何政府忽视这一点，都将付出巨大的代价。

Nuclear energy safety also happens to be an issue that could be significantly improved through dialogue, knowledge sharing and collaboration.核能安全也是一个可以通过对话、协作和知识共享而得到极大改进的问题。he International “Conference Nuclear energy around us”

Each year the nuclear Safety Conference offers stakeholders an

unparalleled opportunity to come together to discuss and solve the most pressing nuclear energy safety challenges.作为性会议核安全会议为食品产业链的参与者提供了一个无与伦比的机会，大家共聚一堂，商讨与应对最紧迫的核能安全挑战。

宣布休会 We have come to the end of our session。We will now close the session.Thank you.I declare the session closed.Today,we are so lucky.今天我们很幸运。

We have given a lot of outstanding experts` reports.我们听取了许多优秀的专家的报告。Thanks again!Okay, well, thank you all for your

attention and your time.I appreciate it very much.I am sorry to say that this session will have to stop here.Thank you for your illuminating questions, I would be very glad to discuss them with you after the meeting.Any other questions? Well, we do

appreciate your patience and willingness to share with us your experiences as well.I hope that you enjoy the rest of the afternoon.Drive safely or fly safely.Additional questions from anyone in the audience? If not, on behalf of the three of us, we greatly appreciated all of your interaction with us.

第四篇：英语国际学术交流——主持人演讲词

表示欢迎：Good morning, Ladies and Gentlemen, I’m privileged to welcome you all to “Nuclear energy around us” conference.You have come all the way for this conference.Thank you very much for your attention/participation.自我介绍：Let me introduce myself I am Dr Wang from DLUT, China, and I am going to be the chair for this morning’s session.介绍议题：

This conference will focus on the discussion of the various aspects of Nuclear Energy It includes the application of nuclear energy and the Safety and Waste of Nuclear Energy.And we will also discuss the prospect of Nuclear Energy.这个会议将主要讨论有关核能的各个方面。

I hope that this conference of Nuclear Energy will improve our understanding of DEF.I also hope that the Congress will provide the opportunity for personal exchange of scientific results, facilitate the making of new acquaintances, and strengthen personal friendships among participants from different parts of the world.介绍报告人：

Now it gives me great pleasure to introduce today’s speakers.They are :

Zhao Fan, professor of Tsing Hua University institute of Nuclear and new energy technology.Xu Chong feng, president o f China Power investment group company.Liu Qian, professor of Physics ,head of American Nuclear Energy Association.1Today our first speaker is Zhao Fan, The title of her presentation is “The History of Nuclear Energy”.Let’s welcome

to professor Zhao Fan.向报告人示谢：

Thanks professor Zhao very much for her splendid report.After pro Zhao’s speech , do you have any questions, hands up please!

No? Okay，Our allocated time is almost up.Now I would like to answer one more question.Any additional questions ?

Thank you once again for your excellent explanation

2Our second speaker is Xu Chong

feng, as the president of China Power investment group company, he will present us another excellent report titled “The Safety and Waste of Nuclear Energy”.Let’s welcome to president Xu with our warm applause.向报告人示谢：

Thanks president Xu very much for

his excellent speech.After pre Xu’s report Is there any specific question you would like to address to president Xu?

I believe president Xu will give you any satisfactory answers.Any additional questions?

I hope the audience will participate in the discussion by raising their hands.3The third presentation will be made

by Liu Qian, head of American Nuclear Energy Association.She will be speaking to us on something about the Prospect of Nuclear Energy.Let’s welcome to Professor Liu.向报告人示谢：

Thanks professor Liu very much for her wonderful speech.After pre Xu’s report is there any specific question you would like to address to professor Liu?

Any additional questions ?

控制进程：

Let’s keep on schedule and go ahead to the fourth paper.We’ll then go on with the last paper.Well, I am sure we could discuss longer, but unfortunately time is up.Thank you very much, Dr A.Our next speaker is Dr C.Sorry, we don’t have any time for questions, so we have to proceed to the next paper.三位报告人报告结束：

Thanks for the excellent report of the three experts.Finally Let’s welcome to Professor Liu Jian ,Secretary,Dalian University of Technology ,Dalian,China, give us a summary of conference.报告总结：

Thanks for the excellent report of the four experts.Nuclear energy Safety is important for public health, socio-economic stability and global commerce.核能安全是关公众健康、社会经济稳定和全球贸易的重大问题.There is no denying the fact that it makes nuclear energy protection an extremely important issue worldwide, the city authorities should take strong measures to deal with it.Any government, which is blind to this point, may pay a heavy price.无可否认，核能保护是一个极其严重的世界性问题，城市当局应该采取有力措施来解决它。任何政府忽视这一点，都将付出巨大的代价。

Nuclear energy safety also happens to be an issue that could be significantly improved through dialogue, knowledge sharing and collaboration.核能安全也是一个可以通过对话、协作和知识共享而得到极大改进的问题。

he International “Conference Nuclear energy around us”

Each year the nuclear Safety Conference offers stakeholders an

unparalleled opportunity to come together to discuss and solve the most pressing nuclear energy safety challenges.作为性会议核安全会议为食品产业链的参与者提供了一个无与伦比的机会，大家共聚一堂，商讨与应对最紧迫的核能安全挑战。

宣布休会

We have come to the end of our session。

We will now close the session.Thank you.I declare the session closed.Today, we are so lucky.今天我们很幸运。

We have given a lot of outstanding experts` reports.我们听取了许多优秀的专家的报告。

Thanks again!Okay, well, thank you all for your

attention and your time.I appreciate it very much.I am sorry to say that this session will have to stop here.Thank you for your illuminating questions, I would be very glad to discuss them with you after the meeting.Any other questions? Well, we do

appreciate your patience and willingness to share with us your experiences as well.I hope that you enjoy the rest of the afternoon.Drive safely or fly safely.Additional questions from anyone in the audience? If not, on behalf of the three of us, we greatly appreciated all of your interaction with us.

第五篇：国际学术交流英语 第四单元重点词汇

Unit 4 Task 1 Words 1, tactful, 机智的，圆滑的。2, expertise, 专门知识。

eg, The appropriate handing of a meeting depends on a chairman’s adequate preparations, expertise in the topic of the meeting and tactful chairing manners.3, credential, 学术经历，成就。

eg, I am going to start by covering Randy’s academic credentials.4, tenure, 长期聘用。

eg, He was granted tenure a year early at Shandong university.5, delegate, 代表。Distinguished delegates.6, reservoir, 水库。

eg, Everyone has an enormous untapped reservoir of potential.7, exponentially, 以指数方式地。

eg，If you want to keep your wealth and grow it exponentially, please join me in … 8, adjourned, 休会

eg, I declare the plenary session adjourned until tomorrow.9, recital, 朗诵

biography, 传记

anecdotes, 轶事

eg, Avoid boring the audience with a long recital of the speaker’s biography or with a long series of anecdotes about your acquaintance with him.10, prestige, 威望、声望

eg，The less well-known the speaker is, the more you will need to build up his prestige.11, venue, 地点

eg, Be in attendance at the venue minutes.12, rehearse, 排练

eg, You should rehearse your remarks several times before you chair a meeting.13, podium, 乐队指挥台，讲台

eg, You should walk confidently to the podium, stand erect.14, salute, 致敬，欢迎

eg, “Your Excellencies” used to salute a head or heads of government present.15, allotted, 分配的

eg, You should also indicate the allotted time for each presentation.16, courteous, 有礼貌地，谦恭地

eg, A good chairperson needs to deal with unexpected events in a firm but courteous manner.17, affiliated, 附属的，有关联的，就职于

eg, From 2000 to 2004, he was affiliated with the Institute for Social.18, verse, 诗

crystallized, 趋于完美的 eg, Over time, his verse id simplified and crystallized.Phrase 1, plenary session 全体会议。2, cater to 迎合，为……服务。3, zest for 对……热心。4，back up 支持。

5，pay one’s tribute to 表达对某人的致敬、称赞。6, refreshment arrangement 提神饮料地。7, to name but a few 仅以这些为例。

Task 2 Words 1, propagate, 传播

eg, It is an effective tool for propagating an idea, outlining a plan and explaining a problem.2, mitigate, 减弱，缓和

eg, Wetlands can mitigate extreme weather events.3, buffer, 缓冲物

eg, Coastal wetlands appear to be a buffer for the waves of storms.4, glaciers, 冰川、冰河

eg, Now global warming is causing the glaciers to disappear.5, intact, 完整的

eg, Millions of people depend for their livelihoods on intact and functioning wetlands.6, corridors, 走廊

Intrusion, 侵入

eg, The wetlands act as transport corridors and provide protection against floods and saltwater intrusion.7, integrate, 整合

eg, Sustainable development therefore means recognizing and integrating these environmental values.8, violated, 侵犯

eg, Women are most often the ones whose human rights are violated.9, echo, 反复、共鸣

eg, If there is one message that echoes forth from this conference, let it be that … 10, heed, 注意、留心

eg,;Let us heed that call so we can create a word in which … 11, rhetoric, 华丽的辞藻，修辞 eg, We must move beyond rhetoric.12, symposium, 讨论会

canvass, 讨论、细查

eg, The canvass of the symposium is very large.13, divergence, 分歧 eg, There is often a divergence between a person’s actual abilities, contributions and needs.14, destitute, 贫穷的

entitle, 赋予……什么权力

eg, In India, for instance, even if destitute, are not entitled to a pension if they have an adult son.15, altruism, 利他主义

eg, In practice, assumptions about male altruism are often proved wrong.16, claimant, 原告，索赔人

eg, In South Asia they define the legitimate claimants for property.17, seclusion, 隔离

eg, They may even define whether at all women should work outside the home, such as female seclusion norms.18, inheritance, 遗产

eg, Social norms can thus severely restrict women’s economic options by discouraging them from claiming their inheritance or from taking up jobs.19, exogenous, 外因的

eg, Conventionally, economists have taken very little account of perception biases and assume that social norms are exogenous.20, digress, 离题

eg, Don’t allow yourself to digress about side issues or irrelevancies.21, cohesion, 凝聚，结合fragment, 碎片

eg, Without transitions, speeches lack cohesion and sound fragmented.22, monotone, 单调

syllable, 音节

enunciate, 发音，阐明

eg, Do not speak in a monotone, speak each syllable of every word clearly and distinctly and enunciate clearly.23, ambivalent, 矛盾的

eg, If you are bored or ambivalent, your tone and manners will reflect your attitude.24, dwell, 居住，存在于，细想某事

eg, This part is most difficult, let’s dwell a little on it.Phrase

1, move beyond rhetoric, 实际行动 2, take perceptions, 首先来讲 3, be embedded in 根植于……

4, transfer…to… 过户，转账财产，转学，调离工作 5, be entitled to 有权力做某事

6, cut across 径直穿过，抄近路通过 7, claim one’s inheritance, 继承遗产 8, take account of 考虑 9.trim away 剔除，10, glue to 粘上，盯住，注意力集中于 11, dwell on 细想某事

Task 3 Words

1, retention, 保留，扣留

eg, A well-prepared and successful Q&A has many advantages: to clarify points, to gain additional information and to increase retention of information.2, moderator, 仲裁人、调解人

sponsor, 赞助者

panelist, 专家小组 3，toxic, 有毒的

gigantic, 巨大的，庞大的

eg, The result is that we put billions of pounds of toxic materials in the air and generate gigantic amounts of waste.4, crank, 奇想，曲柄

eg, I want to crank the goal of industry in a different direction to produce a world of abundance and good design.5, dispense, 免除，分配

eg, “We’ll tell you at what rate you can dispense death.” 6, juncture, 时刻

eg, The U.S.is pleased to be able to share our experiences at this important juncture in Chinese history.7, dictate, 命令，指示

eg, We have learned the increased economic growth does not dictate a decrease in environmental progress.8, hazardous, 有危险的，碰运气的

eg, We have signed an agreement on hazardous waste management.9, annex, 附加物

eg, This new annex will enhance the successful relationship that has been established between the U.S.and China.10, capacitor, 电容器

eg, China has started work on projects to aid in the cleanup of sites where capacitors are stored and buried.11, disposable, 可任意处理的，用完即可丢弃的beverage, 饮料

eg, Denmark has completely banned the use of disposable beverage containers.12, attribute, 属性、特质

empathy, 神入，感同身受

eg, A manager should possess attribute such as confidence, flexibility , helicopter view(全局观念)and empathy are also very helpful.13, adversity, 逆境

tribulation, 失败，失利

resolute, 坚决的 eg, Every great person has to endure tremendous trail and tribulations, each time you persist in the face of adversity and disappointment, you become stronger and more resolute.14, instill, 徐徐滴入

eg, How do you instill ethical leadership throughout your organization? 15, dictate, 指示，命令

eg, there are some particular dictates:… 16，remunerative, 盈利的

eg, I have to say it is not very remunerative, I couldn’t even make the fight out here.18, groom, 培养人才，整饬

eg, I am looking forward to being a good advisor, making sure that Berkshire is grooming people for whatever succession.Phrase 1, open up 打开，开始

2, integrate…with… 把…结合起来 3, commit to 承诺，许诺 4, helicopter view, 全局观念 5, build into 注入

6, proficiency in 精通，熟练 7, a shred of 碎片，少量 8, wrap up, 包裹，圆满完成

9, hit the nail on the head 直中要害 10, don’t hold water, 站不住脚