论文 英文文翻译

第一篇：论文 英文文翻译

湖北汽车工业学院科技学院

毕业设计（论文）开题报告

题 目：

院 系：专 业：班 级：学生姓名：学 号：指导教师：

东风汽车公司成本控制与效益分析

经济管理学院 财务管理

KT753-4

张喆 2

魏安敏

湖北汽车工业学院科技学院毕业设计（开题报告）

东风汽车公司成本控制与效益分析

湖北汽车工业学院经济管理学院 kt753-4-2 张喆

一、选题背景

近年来，各种企业类型在我国经济体制改革的春风中生机勃勃、迅猛发展，其总量已占到全国企业总数的99%左右，在国民经济发展、产业结构调整和社会稳定方面具有独特作用，并在推进国民经济增长、缓解就业压力和优化经济结构等方面发挥着越来越重要的作用。然而辉煌的表象背后却潜藏着其自身基石的薄弱。企业的目标是盈利，而盈利的前提是生存，长期亏损、收不抵支、不能及时偿还到期债务常导致企业破产，企业的生存威胁直接来源于资不抵债。企业的兴衰存亡，直接原因不在于帐面利润，而在于现金流量。帐面收益不能反映企业的实力，加强成本控制，对于效益的分析是企业立足的根本，是企业发展的关键。

二、本课题研究的意义

在现代企业的发展过程中，一个企业的兴衰成败，关键在于对于基础成本的控制，在于对于发展目标的规划，这就需要考虑到企业对于长远目标，也就是效益的分析决策，通过对于盈利目标的分析来提高自身企业盈利的能力，与降低企业的风险。研究成本的控制于分析，对现金流量的反映可以增强企业效益的实效性，利用成本控制更有利于加强财务控制，更能体现企业持续经营的能力。

三、国内外研究现状

成本作为企业价值创造的源泉,也是企业产生利润的驱动力,资源以成本的形式完成价值创造,进而通过收入的实现完成价值的转移。成本管理作为企业管理的一个分支,是为了最大化和高效率利用组织资源而进行的管理行为。在日益激烈的竞争中成本管理所发挥的作用越来越大。

为此,国内外学术界对企业成本管理的研究一直热度不减。但从研究方法上来看,国外学者注重实证研究和案例研究,我国学者注重理论探讨,从研究的内容上也存在着较大的差异。

在国外,企业成本管理的研究主要集中在如何提高成本管理信息有用性和如何利用先进的计算机技术拓展成本管理功能、提高成本管理效率方面,特别是作业成本的应用和结合ERP的实施对成本管理的创新方面,取得了相当的成功。在我国,对成本管理方面的研究也取得了一定成果。许多学者结合西方管理会计出现的新思维、新方法对中国的企业成本管理现状进行分析、对比,探讨了由于环境的变革而应采取的对策。余绪婴、欧阳清等学者从总结我国成本管理发展历程的角度,探索新环境下企业成本管理的适应模式;王平心、邓为民等人从引进作业成本的角度探索企 1 湖北汽车工业学院科技学院毕业设计（开题报告）

业成本管理的新模式;陈胜群、胡元木等人从分析评价日本的成本企划入手,探索国外先进管理技术、方法、观念在我国的借鉴与应用。1980年9月成立的成本研究会,先后10多次组织全国性的成本理论和实践研讨会,并多次出版《成本管理文集》。国内外对企业成本管理的研究,目前集中在以下几个方面: 一是关于成本管理的学科归属问题;二是关于成本管理的概念架构问题;三是关于成本管理的目标问题;四是关于成本管理的模式问题;五是关于成本管理信息有用性的问题。

四、拟研究与解决的主要问题

本文主要研究及解决的问题是：增强企业竞争力，加强企业的财务控制，提高企业盈利决策能力，提高企业效益。

1.列示过去、现在和将来的支出;反映组织的成本结构和性态以支持成本管理系统的改进;2.支持切实可行的战略计划并明确管理目标 3.引导个人和团队行为,努力实现组织目标4 4.为完成组织近期目标和战略规划监控资源耗费 5.预警财务状况恶化 6.资源消耗的适用性

7.明确个人和团队对完成经营目标应负的责任

8.有助于分析客户、生产过程、产品和地区对赢利性的不同影响 9.为不同的决策者、管理者提供全景式的组织成本结构信息

……..。

五、拟采用的研究方法

结合所学的财务管理知识，根据企业的实际资料（包括定性资料和量化资料），并结合外部环境，深入调查，认真研究，主要应用对比分析法,连锁替代法,相关分析法等成本会计常用方法..并用图标来表示,便于直观.六、进度安排

2010 年 12 月 30 日

与指导教师见面 湖北汽车工业学院科技学院毕业设计（开题报告）

2011 年月 30 日

交开题报告 2011 年月 25 日

交论文提纲

2011 年月 25 日

交论文初稿、交英文翻译 2011 年月 25 日

论文定稿 2011 年月 30日

论文查新

2011 年月日

提交优秀毕业设计小论文 2011 年月日

论文答辩

七、参考文献

《财务成本管理》 财政部注册会计师考试委员会办公室 经济科学出版社 《财务管理》 东北财大出版社 《成本会计》 东北财大出版社 《财务报表分析》 池国华 清华大学出版社 《财务管理案例分析》朱传华 清华大学出版社 现代企业财务管理[J].赵静林.中国合作经济, 2006,(03)企业财务管理变革趋势分析.蔺新菊.工业审计与会计 ,2010 05 探讨中小企业财务管理现状及其对策.谭丽明.中小企业管理与科技.2009(4)浅析现代企业财务管理[J].赵静林.中国合作经济, 2006,(03)加强我国企业现金流管理对策浅析。许世英。中国乡镇企业会计，2008（1）浅析企业应收账款管理中存在的问题与预防。邢明池。现代营销。2010(10)浅析我国中小企业现金流的科学管理。刘双越。中国总会计师。2009（6）浅析现金流量管理。柏艳。现代经济信息。2010（4）

浅析加强企业现金流量管理。王红梅。致富时代（下半月）2009（12）

第二篇：成长的烦恼英文文

成长的烦恼英文文

篇一：成长的烦恼英文作文400字

Growing Pains In Memory of the Past Days Looking into the mirror, the man there is no longer that little boy singing and laughing all day long with his treasured toys.Instead, there stand a man who is legally an adult, though he is still immature and sentimental.People say youth is the most precious and the most brilliant in our long period of life, and I agree with it.We are strong in body, quick in mind, we are always full of passion, energetic and high spirited.Youth is the sun in the morning and the rainbow in the sky.We have grown up, suddenly.Looking back of the old days, it seems being a college student can be so cool and so pleasing, no more homework waste your time, no more criticism spoil your mood, no more ignore let you down.We can find our own way and go on it without interference, we can do whatever we want and achieve whatever we have dreamt.But gone with it, are our indelible years, sweet and sour, worth remembering and unforgettable.Still remember the days when dad, mom and I sit around the table, talking about all kinds of things, about happiness and sorrows, about dream and wishes.Every time I am happy and excited, there are mom and dad with whom I can share the joy.Every time I am upset and distressed, there are mom and dad who smile at me and fuel me the power to go forward.Every time I achieve my little success, it’s them who encourage me and tell me “carry on”.Every time I put my foot wrong, it’s them who pull me back and guide me the right way.Still remember the days being crazy with best friend, chasing around on the playground, skipping class to a long waited movie, playing an innocent prank on someone…… the simple, pure and treasured friendship started to grow in that infancy heart.Still remember giving the gift to that girl I love.Though don’t know what love is and means.It’s like magic which attract you and let you forget all the sorrows and sadness.Seeing her smile became the best time life can’t be replaced.Days are gone.No more stupid, no more spoil, no more kidding, it’s our turn to strive and fight for our dream.Little bit perplexed, little bit nervous and little bit excited, not sure what life is in store of me, but not afraid, not regret, not sad.I will keep going and never give up.篇二：成长的烦恼作文开头

作文开头

1、踏过如歌的花季，走过如诗的雨季，忽然发现：以前的欢笑和悲伤，都已悄然放在旧时的枕边，孩提时眼中瑰丽的红霞，被晚归的大雁带走，眼中少了些顽皮天真的光彩。不知什么时候起曾经的琴棋书画、风花雪月已变成了柴米油盐、前程仕途，对于以前口中吟诵着的“夕阳无限好，只是近黄昏”，现在看来不过是强说愁而赋的新词墨了。然而，成长的代价却带给了我许多真实的烦恼……

2、随着岁月的流逝，年龄的增长，我的烦恼似乎日亦增多，压得我喘不过气来，最大的烦恼就是爸爸那喋喋不休的唠叨。

3、我喜欢看晴朗的天空，湛蓝而纯净。不知何时，我成长的天空却有了一片阴霾，变的灰蒙蒙的，我想那叫烦恼吧。

4、深夜，万籁俱寂，偶尔闻听一些虫鸟残声，孤寂的心更增几分凄凉。飘渺的空中，星星若隐若现，皎洁的明月时儿被丝丝云儿遮住，此时夜阑人静，而我却睡意全无。

5、成长是一枝美丽的花朵，而烦恼就是小小的蚜虫，无情地吞噬着我们的快乐生活。

6、告别了幼稚，告别了天真，迈进了初中的大门。原来我们早已失去了游戏、玩耍的权利，失去了院子里的快乐与笑声，只留下了一束束昏沉的灯光，陪伴着本子上的龙飞凤舞的钢笔字，以及浅浅的“沙沙”声......篇三：英语作文范文及翻译系列3 英语作文范文及翻译系列3

一中英语作文经典范文一：

In work hard learning, the library is a good place, I study it brings me a lot of knowledge.For every class often in and out of the library I;Selected for the volunteers by the teacher, in the heart very happy, because finally had a chance to service for people!When a small volunteers on the first day, class library all things for me;Is a question mark, for others, photocopies accidentally!A wrong button, the paper places appeared a piece of data only a quarter of the paper, I have to pay.Sacrifice lunch break I went to the library work, the more cautious to fill a book, seeing so many tattered book, thinking “can have such a good study environment, don't cherish” an angry heart.One day, after finishing the book, see a man in the book, a stepped forward to wanted to scold him a lesson, but the thought of Confucius said: “the way of administration, together with punishment, people free and shameless.Virtue, together with the ritual, shame and.” I'm not angry, had to use moral to persuade him, and when no one's in, also won't destroy the book.Busy, the teacher also told us to read, to gain understanding.When moving the heavy book, in fact, think about it, this will not only help the teacher save trouble, also enhance their own strength, every second, why not? As the young volunteers, I though a little tired, but for the teacher to share many things;I am also very happy, because “help others for pleasure this!” 翻译：

在功课繁重的学习中，图书馆是我进修的好场所，它带给我许多知识。因每天下课常出入图书馆的我;被老师选为小志愿者，心中无比的高兴，因为终于有机会替大众服务了!当上小志愿者的第一节下课，图书馆一切的事物对我来说;都是一个问号，替别人影印资料时，一不小心!按错一个钮，出纸的地方出现了一张只有资料四分之一的纸，使我得自己掏腰包了。

牺牲午休时间 去图书馆工作的我，更加谨慎的补书，眼见这么多破烂的书，心想“能有这么好的读书环境，竟然不好好珍惜”心中一股气愤涌上心头。一天，在整理书时，见到了 一位在破坏书的人，走上前去原想臭骂他一顿，但一想到孔子说：“道之以政，齐之以刑，民免而无耻。道之以德，齐之以礼，有耻且格。”我也不生气了，只好用 道德来规劝他，才能在没人的时候，也不会再破坏书。

忙碌之余，老师也叫我们看书，以增广见闻。在搬那沉重的书时，其实，想想看，这不但帮老师省麻烦，也增强自己的体力，一举二得，有何不可呢? 身为小志愿者的我，虽然累了一点儿，但替老师分担了许多事物;我也很快乐，因为“助人为快乐之本”呀!一中英语作文经典范文二：

Everyone in the path of growth, must through all kinds of test.Some people own learning is not ideal, some bad for your skin and worry, and some to get parents understand and feel wronged...I think it should be growing pains.“You how so careless, English written in capital letters lowercase letters;math is not decimal forgot to add, is the brain around it;the language too, shouldn't always wrong...wrong since time, scores have been falling, straight down to 20 name!” Is the time, this kind of words are often in my mind.I also want to increase the performance to once upon a time, but always can't contentment.Is not the improvement to the subject, is a division of grades and beaten down.Who wouldn't want to test a good result, but each person's ability is different, also the effort by different, so the harvest “fruit” is also different.So I can only say: “do your best!” As a student, I told myself not too bad;I told myself can't let parents down;I told myself can't let the teacher lose faith in yourself...So, my worries are growing.But think carefully, if falling grades so easily becomes good, so don't lose its sense? So think about it, there is less worry a lot.But don't strive for it, it won't come.So, still want to care my shadow, always follow me, this should be most students face troubles.Trouble is important in life, we should be brave to face, with positive attitude, trouble will be gone.翻译：

每个人在成长的道路上，必须经各种考验。有的人为自己的学习不理想而烦恼，有的为自己的皮肤不好而发愁，有的为得不到父母的理解而感到委屈??我想，这应该就是成长的烦恼吧。

“你怎么这么粗心，英语的大写字母写成小写字母;数学不是小数点忘了加，就是脑筋转不过弯;语文也是，不该错的总是错??自从一回，成绩就一直下降，直降到第二十名!”就是那个时候，这类话就常常在我心头萦绕。

我也想把成绩提高到从前，不过总是不能够称心如意。不是那一科的成绩提高了，就是这一科的成绩又败了下来。谁不想考个好成绩啊，可是每个人的能力不同，所尽的努力也不同，所以收获的“果实”也不同。因此我也只能说一声：“尽力而为了!”

作为一名学生，我告诉自己成绩不能太差;我告诉自己不能让父母失望;我告诉自己不能让老师对自己失去信心??因此，我的烦恼也就日益增多。

可是仔细反过来想想，如果下降了的成绩这样轻易就变好，那么不就失去了它本身的意义了吗?这样想想，烦恼也就减少了许多。可是不努力争取它，它也不会自己过来的。所以，烦恼还是想我的影子一样，一直跟着我，这应该也是大部分同学面临的烦恼吧。

烦恼是人生中重要的考验，我们应该要勇敢去面对，用积极乐观的态度，烦恼就会随风而去了。一中英语作文经典范文三：

Everyone has their own hobbies, I was no exception.My hobby numerous as the stars in the sky, but I most like to read books.Since I was young, I love reading, where I can see, in bed, go to the toilet see, going to travel in the car, even to eat.Mom and dad always hope me the real little bookworm go out to play for a while, but I don't know a person in the neighbourhood, so the book has become my best friend.Remember once I went to a bookstore reading a book, with my mother agreed to go back until five o 'clock, but the sight of the wide variety of books, I swim in the sea of stories to boil.I picked up a book “laughing cat diary”, read, and was attracted by Yang hongying style of writing.Time like off the string arrow, blink of an eye by six o 'clock, I remembered that time, is on his way back, met a mother, I look with my mom out in a rash.A few days ago, I was in the toilet for more than half an hour, I was so angry mother nose crooked, is this why? Because I see in the toilet, “meaning Lin” youth version by that mom took her killer response-animal roars at fellow players.However, a yard to yard, reading is a good thing.Now, one in the class, my composition since school reading quantity reach millions of words.The classmates, let us read more books!翻译：

大家都有自己的爱好吧，我也不例外。我的爱好像天上的星星一样数不清，可我最喜欢读书。

我从小就爱看书，在哪儿都看，在被窝里看、上厕所看、去旅游时在车上看、就连吃饭也不放过。爸爸妈妈总希望我这个不折不扣的小书虫出去玩一会儿，可是我在小区里一个人也不认识，所以书成了我最好的朋友。记得有一次我去书店看书，跟妈妈说好五点回去的，但一看到琳琅满目的图书，我禁不住在故事的海洋里熬游。我拿起一本《笑猫日记》，读着读着，被杨红樱的文笔吸引住了。时间像离了弦的箭，眨眼到了六点，我才想起时间，正在回去的路上，遇到了妈妈，我贪看竟把妈妈急得团团转。

前几天，我在厕所里呆了半个多小时，气得老妈鼻子都歪了，这是为什么呢?因为我在厕所里看《意林》少年版看入迷了，以致于老妈使出了她的必杀技---狮吼功。

不过，一码归一码，读书可是件好事。现在，我的作文在班里数一数二，自上学以来阅读量达到数百万字。同学们，让我们一起多读书吧!

高考英语作文范文背诵，以供学习参考。

一、如何提建议—— 给交友有困难的同学提建议

I am sorry you are having trouble in making friends.【引出建议】Here are some tips to help you.【列举建议】First, why not go and talk to people standing on their own.I agree this is difficult but that person may be lonely too.If you do this, I am sure you will soon have a new friend.Second, you can begin the conversation by asking about their likes and dislikes,【理由】which will make you find people with the same interests.Finally, you should try to join in a discussion, 【理由】letting people know how friendly you are.I hope you will find these ideas useful.二、列举个例 —— 良好饮食习惯

As we all know, we are what we eat.Therefore, it’s important for us to form healthy eating habits.However, some students have formed a variety of bad eating habits, such as not having breakfast, loving eating snacks, being particular about food, eating and drinking too much and so on, which will surely do harm to their health.To keep healthy, we should have healthy diets.Not only should we have various foods, like fish, meat, vegetables, fruits as well as rice, noodles, but also we should have the foods regularly and properly.Personally, I think it is important to keep a healthy diet, which contributes to building up a strong body.Only in this way can we have enough energy to study better.三、举例说明 —— 和谐师生关系对你的影响

【要证明的观点】Actually, having a good relationship with teachers makes it easier for us to get along smoothly with our study at school.【引出例子】Take me for example.【例子】My teacher is my good friend.When I fail in the exam, it is my teacher that first helps m to analyze the problem.She is patient enough to make me get over all the difficulties in my study.When I am unhappy she always listens to me carefully and then gives me some reasonable suggestions, so that I can focus on my study soon.Also, I have learned to be helpful and considerate.【重申主题】But for(要不是)the good relationship with my teachers, I could not have made such progress.套语背诵

1.There is no denying that confidence plays an important role in our life.A convincing example that jumps into my mind is about speaking English.2.Such example can be seen easily in our daily life.A good case in point is ? 这样的例子在生活中很容易见到，一个很好的例子就是??

四、讨论或辩论 —— 禁止乞丐在地下人行道行气留宿

【引出主题】Recently, Guangzhou has passed a law to ban beggars from begging and sleeping in the subways and our class had a discussion about it last Monday.【反对及其理由】56% of the students don’t agree with the idea because they think some beggars really have difficulty in making a living and have to play music in the subway to survive.【赞成及其理由】However, 44% of the students favour the idea because they think beggars bring a lot of trouble for the city.What’s more, some beggars are just taking advantage of people’s compassion to make easy money.【个人看法】Personally, I think it is a good idea to forbid beggars in public places and we should take some measures to help them.五、利弊对比 —— 网购的利弊

【点明主题】Nowadays many people prefer to shop on line.【罗列益处】

Generally, its advantages can be seen as follows.First, it’s convenient for us to shop on line.Secondly, it helps save much time, with which we can do more other important things.【罗列弊端】But just as the saying goes, every coin has two sides.Its negative aspects are also apparent.One of the disadvantages is that we are not sure whether the goods we buy are in good quality.【你的观点】Through the above analysis, I believe that positive aspects of shopping on line for outweigh negative ones.Therefore, I would like to shop on line.六、采访类 —— 中学生英语单词拼写的问题

Last Wednesday, I had an interview with Mr Wang, an English teacher, concerning the issue of English word spelling among middle school students.According to Mr Wang, slightly more than half of the senior middle school students’ English handwriting is very poor and about 45% of them can not spell words correctly although they are able to speak.He also pointed out that the causes for spelling problems are that there are no specific word spelling checks in exams, and there is not enough training.Worse still, the students are lazy to memorize word spelling.He suggested thatwe should raise the awareness and place great emphasis on that, and above all, we should master skills while we are training ourselves.七、调查类—— 21世纪最令人担忧的问题

Last week, we made/did a survey among 500 Senior Two students about the most worrying problems in the 21st century.The survey shows that 32% of the students think that they worry about the natural disasters(自然灾害)most,for earthquakes and floods have taken many people’s lives.Besides, 29% of the students hold the opinion thatenvironmental pollution(环境污染)is the most worrying problem while 17% of the students consider the housing problem(住房问题)to be the most worrying one.The percentage of the students who worry most aboutemployment(就业问题)is the same as that of the students who worry most about food safety(食品安全).As for myself, food safety is the most worrying problem because it is linked closely to our health.八、心得体会 —— 诚实/ 勿以善小而不为

1.After reading the story, I am so touched by Alan, whose behavior is worth praising.There is no doubt that honesty still plays a very important role in people’s life and only those who are honest will be trusted and respected by people.(诚实)3.After reading the story, I was lost in thought.I came to realize that people should never ignore the deed of small kindness.Your small good deeds sometimes will get big returns or make a great difference!(勿以善小而不为)

九、记叙事件经过或过程 —— 日记或游记

【总述】Today we visited Qinghua University.【过程】 Early in the morning we arrived at the gate of Qinghua University, where we were warmly welcomed by an old professor, who then showed us around the campus.In the library, we saw some university students reading attentively in the reading rooms.After that, we came to the lab building.At the end of the visit, the old professor gave us a lecture on science in the afternoon, which interested us very much.Time passed so quickly that before we knew it,it was time that we had to say goodbye to the professor.【结果】Since then, I have worked harder at my lessons than usual and made up my mind to be a student of Qinghua University.十、人物简介 ——用英语简介李敏同学

【姓名职务与特点】 Li Min, monitor of Class 1 Grade 2(同位语), is healthy and lively.【成绩与爱好】 Shedoes well in all her subjects, and she is fond of sports, singing and dancing.【事迹】 When she came to school, shehad much difficulty with English, but through hard work she made great progress.In 2006 she took part in the National Physics Olympic Competition and won the first prize.Li Min is very strict with herself in her work and daily life, and is always ready to help others.高考英语作文范文背诵：

假设你是李华，你的英国笔友Bob将于九月到你所在城市的建新华文学校学中文，来信请你在学校附近为他找一套住房。请根据图画提供的信息，写信介绍住房的情况，并告知住房面积为25平方米，月租500元。

注意：

1.词数：100左右：

2.参考词汇：房租—Tent(n.).I’m very happy to receive your letter, and I’m glad to hear that you will go to China to learn Chinese here.I have already found a fiat for you.It is on Fangcao Street, which is not far from Jianxin Chinese School.Bus No.11 can take you there, and it is one stop before the Chinese School.The flat is on the third floor with 3 rooms, one of which is bedroom, the other two are bathroom and kitchen.There are a bed, a sofa, a desk and some chairs in this 25 square-metres small fiat, and the rent is 500 yuan per month.Maybe this fiat is not as good as your wish, but I’ll try my best to meet your needs.If it is not suitable enough, write to me and I will look for another better place.Hope you will come here soon!All the best!Yours, Li Hua 满分理由

本文格式正确，意思表述完整，行文流畅自然。作者在写作过程中注意长短句并用，还使用了以'which，’引导的非限定性定语从句，从而使文章层次分明，富于变化，不愧为考场佳作。

Dear Bob, Welcome to China!You wrote to me to find a place for you.I have found an apartment on Fangcao Street near Jianxin Chinese School.It is on the third floor and there’re three rooms in it: a bedroom, a kitchen, and a bathroom.There is a bed, a sofa, a desk and a chair in the bedroom.The house is 25 square metres and the rent is 500 yuan per month.Also from this house you can get to your school easily.Just take the No.11 bus at the bus-stop in front of the building.It is only one stop.At last, will you please tell me the time you arrive? Then I’U be able to meet you at the airport, see you.Best wishes!Yours, Li Hua 满分理由

本文格式正确，内容完整，表述清楚，衔接紧密流畅，时态语态使用准确，特别是结尾末段适度的发挥，既充实了内容，又符合逻辑，成为本文与众不同的亮点。

Dear Bob, How are you these days? I’m so glad to know that you’ll come to our city to learn Chinese.You asked me to find a place for you.Now I’ve found one which I think is pretty good.The place is on Fang Cao Street which is near the No.11 bus stop.It’s just one stop away from Jianxin Chinese School.There are three rooms, a kitchen, a bathroom and a bedroom.Though it is not very big, only 25 square metres, I think it is suitable.By the way, the rent is 500 yuan per month.I hope you’ll like it.If not, I’ll try to find another place for you.Yours, Li Hua 满分理由

本文内在逻辑性很强，由远及近。由外及内，层次分明，错落有致。同时让步状语从句运用得恰到好处，很出彩，再则结构完整，从开头的问候语到结尾都很完备。

Dear Bob, I’m so glad that you are coming to learn Chinese here.I’ve already found you a house near our school.I’d like to tell you something about it.You may get on No.ll bus at Fang Cao Street and the next stop is just Jian Xin Chinese School.The house is near the school.It is about 25 square metres.In the bedroom, there is a bed, a sofa standing against the wall and a table near the window.You may find a light on the table and a chair next to it.There are two other rooms connecting the bedroom.The left one is a bathroom and the right one is a kitchen.So you may cook by yourself.The rent for the house is 500 yuan per month.Hope you’ll enjoy staying here!Yours, Li Hua 满分理由

本文内容具体，详略得当，表述方式很有创造力和新意，长短句并用，语言结构富于变化，错落有致，顺畅圆润，尤其是情态动词和分词的运用很独到，为文章增色不少。

Dear Bob, I’m glad to hear from you.Welcome to our city in september.I’ve found a suitable house for you.The house is on Fang Cao Street, not far from the Jianxin Chinese School.If you take the No.11 bus, it is just one stop.It is a flat on the third floor of a building.It has three rooms, a living-room, a bathroom and a kitchen.You can cook yourself.The mirror, the basin and the bathtub are very convenient for you.In the living-room, there is a bed, a sofa and a desk with chair.The desk is next to the window.It will be good for study.The total size is 25 square metres and the rent is 500 yuan a month.Yours, Li Hua

第三篇：高英翻译

高英汉译英

第二单元

1、And secondly, because I had a lump in my throat and a lot of sad thoughts on my mind that had little to do with anything a Nippon railways official might say.其次，则是因为我当时心情沉重，喉咙哽噎，忧思万缕，几乎顾不上去管那日本铁路官员说些什么。

2、The very act of stepping on this soil, in breathing this air of Hiroshima, was for me a far greater adventure than any trip or any reportorial assignment I'd previously taken.Was I not at the scene of the crime? 踏上这块土地，呼吸着广岛的空气，对我来说这行动本身已是一套令人激动的经历，其意义远远超过我以往所进行的任何一次旅行或采访活动。难道我不就是在犯罪现场吗?

3、The tall buildings of the martyred city flashed by as we lurched from side to side in response to the driver's sharp twists of the wheel.出租车穿过广岛市区狭窄的街巷全速奔驰，我们的身子随着司机手中方向盘的一次次急转而前俯后仰，东倒西歪。与此同时，这座曾惨遭劫难的城市的高楼大厦则一座座地从我们身边飞掠而过。

4、Quite unexpectedly, the strange emotion which had overwhelmed me at the station returned, and I was again crushed by the thought that I now stood on the site of the first atomic bombardment, where thousands upon thousands of people had been slainin one second, where thousands upon thousands of others had lingered on to die in slow agony.出人意料的是，刚到广岛车站时袭扰着我的那种异样的忧伤情绪竟在这时重新袭上心头，我的心情又难受起来，因为我又一次意识到自己置身于曾遭受第一颗原子弹轰击的现场。这儿曾有成千上万的生命顷刻之间即遭毁灭，还有成千上万的人在痛苦的煎熬中慢慢死去。

5、Seldom has a city gained such world renown, and I am proud and happy to welcome you to Hiroshima, a town known throughout the world for its---oysters“.难得有个城市像广岛这样闻名遐迩。我既高兴而又自豪地欢迎诸位来到广岛。令广岛如此举世闻名的乃是它的——牡蛎。

6、There are two different schools of thought in this city of oysters, one that would like to preserve traces of the bomb, and the other that would like to get rid of everything, even the monument that was erected at the point of impact.我之所以对您讲起这些，是因为我已差不多步入老年了。在这个以牡蛎闻名的城市里有两种截然不同的意见，一种主张保存原子弹爆炸留下的痕迹，另一种则主张销毁一切痕迹，甚至要拆除立于爆炸中心的纪念碑。

7、”If you write about this city, do not forget to say that it is the gayest city in Japan, even if many of the town's people still bear hidden wounds, and burns.“ “假如您要描写这座城市的话，千万别忘记告诉人们这是日本最快乐的城市，尽管这里的市民许多人身上还带着暗伤和明显的灼伤。”

8、But later my hair began to fall out, and my belly turned to water.但到后来，我的头发开始脱落，腹内开始出水

第四单元

1、The fundamentalists adhered to a literal interpretation of the Old Testament.The modernists, on the other hand, accepted the theory advanced by Charles Darwin--that all animal life, including monkeys and men, had evolved from a common ancestor.原教旨主义者坚持严格按照字面意义去理解《旧约全书》，而现代主义者则接受查尔斯•达尔文的进化论——认为一切动物，包括猿和人，都是由同一个祖先进化而来的。

2、During one such argument, Rappelyea said that nobody could teach biology without teaching evolution.有一次辩论中，拉普利亚说，任何人要讲授生物学，就不能不讲进化论。

3、People from the surrounding hills, mostly fundamentalists, arrived to cheer Bryan against the ” infidel outsiders“ 附近一带的山区居民，其中多半是原教旨主义者，也纷纷赶到镇上来为布莱恩呐喊助威，打击那些“外来的异教徒”。

4、He is here because ignorance and bigotryare , and it is a mighty strong combination.” “我也知道他为什么会被带上法庭。那是因为愚昧和偏见还很猖獗，而且这两者又结合在一起，形成一股强大的势力。”

5、“The Bible,” he thundered in his sonorous organ tones, “ is not going to be driven out of this court by experts who come hundreds of miles to testify that they can reconcile evolution, with its ancestors in the jungle, with man made by God in His image and put here for His purpose as par t of a divine plan.” “《圣经》，”他用洪亮的嗓音大喊大叫道，“是不会被那些千里迢迢赶来作证的学者专家们赶出这个法庭的。这些专家们来到这里的目的是想证明主张人类祖先来自丛林的进化论和上帝按照天机，依其形象创造人类并安排到这个世界上来的看法，是并行不悖的。”

6、The truth does not need Mr.Bryan.The truth is eternal, immortal and needs no human agency to support it!“ “真理从来都是胜利者——我们并不害怕这一点。真理不需要布莱恩先生。真理是永存的、不朽的，而且并不需要依靠人的力量去维护它!”

7、But although Malone had won the oratorical duel with Bryan, the judge ruled against permitting the scientists to testify for the defence.然而，尽管马隆在同布莱恩进行的这场舌战中取得了胜利，法官还是决定不许在座的科学家们为辩方作证。

8、“ I am examining you on your tool ideas that no intelligent Christian on earth believes.” “我只是在考验你的那些愚蠢的想法，世界上没有哪个有知识的基督徒会相信你的那些想法。”

9、Dudley Field Malone called my conviction a “victorious defeat.” 达德雷•费尔德•马隆称这次庭审结果对我来说是一次“胜利的败仗”。

10、The oratorial storm that Clarence Darrow and Dudley Field Malone blew up in the little court in Dayton swept like a fresh wind through the schools and legislative offices of the United States, bringing in its wake a new climate of intellectual and academic freedom that has grown with the passing years.由克拉伦斯•达罗和达德雷•费尔德•马隆在戴顿镇的小小法庭上掀起的那些辩论风暴犹如一股清风吹遍了美国的学校和立法机关，随之而来的是日渐增长的思想自由和学术自由的新气象。第八单元

1、The rocks looked more like an ancient ruin than the building blocks of a new school.这些石头看上去更像是古老的废墟而不是新学校的建筑石板。

2、The previous winter ,before leaving Korphe, Mortenson had driven tent pegs into the frozen soil and tied red and blue braised nylon cord to them, marking out a floor plan of five rooms he imagined for the school.前一个冬天，当摩顿森离开科尔飞村时，他把固定帐篷用的木桩打进冻土，并系上红蓝两色编织的尼龙绳，来标记他心中有五间房子的学校的范围。

3、Korphe’s mosque had adapted to a changing environment over the centuries 科尔飞的清真寺在过去的几个世纪里根据环境的变化而变化，如同挤在寺里的人们一样随着时间改变了他们的信仰。

4、With Motenson ,he measured out the correct length ,dipped the twine in a mixture of calcium and lime ,then used the village’s time--tested method to mark the dimensions of a construction site.他和摩顿森一起测量了确切的长度，把绳子浸在钙和石灰的混合液里，然后用村子里经过时间考验的土办法标出了工地的长宽范围。

5、Haji Ali and Twaha pulled the core taut and whipped it against the ground ,leaving white lines on the packed earth where the walls of the foundation facing Korph K2.哈吉•阿里和儿子塔瓦哈把绳子拉得紧绷绷的，然后朝地面上用力的弹了一下，在夯实的地面上留下白色的线条，那些线条就是将来学校的墙壁竖立起来的地方。

6、When the trench was done, Haji Ali nodded toward two large stones that had been carved for this purpose, and six men lifted them, shuffled agonizingly toward the trench, and lowered them into the corner of foundation facing Korphe K2.当沟挖好时，哈吉•阿里冲两块切割好了的大石头点点头，这时，六个男人抬起石头，艰难地移动着步子朝挖好的沟移动，然后将石头慢慢放到面向乔戈里峰的科尔飞村的地基角落处。

7、“It was so big that it was dragging Twaha, who was doing his best just to hold on as the animal led him to its own execution.“公羊太大了，以、以致于即使塔瓦哈用尽最大的力气，也是公羊拽着他往前走，一步步接近公羊的屠宰者。”

8、“watching this scene straight out of the Bible stories I’d learned in Sunday school, I thought how much the different faiths had in common, how you could trace so many of their traditions back to the same root.“目睹这个和我在主日学校学到的《圣经》故事一模一样的场面，我不禁想到不同的信仰之间有着如此多的相似之处，并且，人们可以将其传统追溯到同一个根源。”

9、After the last bone had been beaten and the last strip of marrow sucked dry, Mortenson joined a group of men who built a fire by what would one day soon, he hoped, become the courtyard of a completed school.在最后一块骨头被敲碎、最后一条骨髓被吸干后，摩顿森加入到一群男人中，他们点燃了一堆篝火，那里正是他期望的不久将竣工的学校的院子。

10、A thousand feet below, Korphe, green with ripening barely fields, looked small and vulnerable ,a life raft on a sea of stone.在他们脚下一千英尺之处，即将成熟的大麦田将科尔飞染成一片翠绿色。它看上去如此渺小和脆弱，就像在一片石头海洋中漂泊的一叶小小的救生筏。

11、“Long after all those rams are dead and eaten this time this school will still stand;“那些公羊很快就会被吃光，但这个学校将会长久地屹立着。”

12、“I realized that everything ,all the difficulties i’d gone through ,from the time I’d promised to build the school, through the long struggle to complete it, was nothing compared to the sacrifices he was prepared to make for his people.”

我意识到我经历的所有困难，从承诺盖一所学校开始，到为建成学校而进行的长期斗争，所有这些与他为自己的村民准备做出的牺牲相比都是微不足道的。

第十三单元

1、I can observe her without her knowing, and this gives me pleasure, for it is as in a moving picture that I can note the grace of her gestures, whether she raises a glass of wine to her lips or turns with a remark to one of her neighbours or takes a cigarette from her case with those slender fingers.我可以观察她而不让她发觉，这使我觉得开心，因为我可以像看电影一样地欣赏她优雅的动作，不论是举杯送到唇边，还是扭头与邻座交谈，抑或是用她那纤细的手指从烟盒中夹取香烟的动作

2、I ventured to say something of the kind to her, when she laughed at my clumsy compliment and said I had better take to writing fashion articles instead of political leaders.当我不揣冒昧地将这话对她讲时，她对我这种笨拙的恭维报以开心的大笑，还说我最好不再写什么政坛人物的述评文章而改行专写时装评论算了。

3、Doubtless some instinct impels me gluttonously to cram these the last weeks of my life with the gentler things I never had time for, releasing some suppressed inclination which in fact was always laten.这无疑是自己受某种本能的驱使，要贪婪地用一些过去无暇享受的赏心乐事来填补自己生命中的最后几周，释放那些在过去虽受到压抑但一直潜伏在自己心中的欲望。

4、Geographically I did not care and scarcely know where I am.There are no signposts in the sea.我不知道也不想知道自己身处何方。茫茫大海无路标

5、at all but only the lazy satin of blue, marbled at the edge where the passage of our ship has disturbed it.倘是在白天，我们凭栏远眺大海，只见海面上时而翻卷起白色的浪花，时而平静得宛若一幅微微飘动起伏着的蓝色缎面，完全见不到翻起的浪花，只有我们的轮船驶过之处才泛起一道道如大理石般的波纹。

6、What I like best are the stern cliffs, with ranges of mountains soaring behind them, full of possibilities, peaks to be scaled only by the most daring 我最喜爱的是岸边的那些悬崖峭壁及其背后的那高耸云端、神秘莫测的峰峦叠嶂，那山峰只有最英勇无畏的人才能够攀登上去

7、So do I let my imagination play over the recesses of Laura's Character, so austere in the foreground but nurturing what treasures of tenderness, like delicate flowers, for the discovery of the venturesome.我也这样地让自己的想象力尽情地探索劳拉性格深处的秘密。她的性情表面上严肃冷峻，但她内心里却蕴育着丰富温柔的情感，宛如娇嫩的花朵，等待着勇士去发现。

8、His woman meets him;they are young, and their skins of a golden-brown;she takes his catch from him.In their plaited hut there is nothing but health and love.他的女人马上出门迎接他。他们都很年轻，皮肤是金褐色的。她从他手中接过捕捞的鱼，他们那间茅草编成的棚屋里充满着健康和爱。

9、Laura and I amuse ourselves by watching for the green flash which comes at the instant the sun disappears below the line of the.horizon.劳拉和我还有一种白娱的方法，就是等着观看太阳从地平线上消失的那一瞬间产生的一道绿色的闪光。

10、In the ship's library stands a large globe whose function so far as I am concerned is to reveal the proportion of ocean to the landmasses of the troubled would;the Pacific alone dwarfs all the continents put together.船上的图书室里放着一架巨大的地球仪，照我看来，它的作用就是展示海洋与动荡不安的世界上的陆地之间的比例，仅一个太平洋就比所有的大陆加在一起还要大

11、I have been exhilarated by two days of storm, but above all I love these long purposeless days in which I shed all that I have ever been.两天的暴风雨使我欣喜万分，但我首先喜欢的还是这漫长的无所事事的日子，在这些日子里，我抛弃了旧我，脱胎换骨，获得了新生。

汉译英

第2单元

1)There is not a soul in the hall．The meeting must have been put off．

2)The book looks very much like a box.(The book looks much the same as a box.)

3)Sichuan dialect sounds much the same as Hubei dialect.It is sometimes difficult to tell one from the other.4)The very sight of the monument reminds me of my good friend who was killed in the battle.5)He was so deep in thought that he was oblivious of what his friends were talking about.6)What he did had nothing to do with her.7)She couldn't fall asleep as her daughter's illness was very much on her mind.8)I have had the matter on my mind for a long time.9)He loves such gatherings at which he rubs shoulders with young people and exchange opinions with them on various subjects.10)It was only after a few minutes that his words sank in.11)The soil smells of fresh grass.12)Could you spare me a few minutes? 13)Could you spare me a ticket?

14)That elderly grey-haired man is a coppersmith by trade.第7单元

1)A big fire burned to the ground more than 300 homes in the slum neighborhood.2)If you are upright and not afraid of losing anything, you will be able to look anyone in the eye.3）This blouse doesn't match the color or the style of the skirt.4）Let's talk about the matter over a cup of coffee.5）He couldn't imagine why people were opposed to his suggestions.6）Stepping off from the car, the official was confronted by two terrorists.7）As long as we stick to these principles, we will surely be successful.8）She was shocked at the news, but before long she recomposed herself.9）It is very difficult to trace the origin of the allusion.第8单元

1.When he was saved from the river, he was more dead than alive.2.In my previous visit, there was no school, but now one stands on the mountain.3.As he came to himself, he opened his eyes, trying to figure out what had happened and why he was lying there.4.At the exhibition there were many novel electronic products that attracted the attention of visitors.5.People were keen on taking pictures of the many exotic flowers and plants in the greenhouse.6.This writer came from a large, prominent family whose genealogy stretches back fifteen generations.7.Before killing an animal, the indigenous ethnic people usually hold rituals to request permission from their God.8.The fact that the villagers are poor doesn’t mean they are ignorant or stupid.9.The volunteers made concerted efforts and got the project off the ground.10.The climber felt so dizzy that he could hardly stand up, as much from over exhaustion as from starvation.第13单元

第四篇：高英翻译

P4 5 The tendency to ignore the Negro's contribution to American life and to strip him of his personhood, is as old as the earliest history hooks and as contemporary as the morning's newspaper.To upset this cultural homicide, the Negro must rise up with an affirmation of his own Olympian manhood.Any movement for the Negro's freedom that overlooks this necessity is only waiting to be buried.As long as the mind is enslaved, the body can never be free.Psychological freedom, a firm sense of self-esteem, is the most powerful weapon against the long night of physical slavery.No Lincolnian Emancipation Proclamation or Johnsonian Civil Rights Bill can totally bring this kind of freedom.The Negro will only be free when he reaches down to the inner depths of his own being and signs with the pen and ink of assertive manhood his own Emancipation Proclamation.And, with a spirit straining toward true self-esteem, the Negro must boldly throw off the manacles of self-abnegation and say to himself and to the world, “I am somebody.I am a person.I am a man with dignity and honor.I have a rich and noble history.How painful and exploited that history has been.Yes, I was a slave through my foreparents and I am not ashamed of that.I'm ashamed of the people who were so sinful to make me a slave.” Yes, we must stand up and say, “I'm black and I'm beautiful,” and this self-affirmation is the black man's need, made compelling by the white man's crimes against him.译：远如最早的史书所述，近如《每日晨报》所刊，忽视黑人对美国的贡献并且剥夺人格的趋势由来已久。为了推翻这种文化灭杀，黑人必须奋起肯定自己高贵的人格。如果忽视这一点，任何为黑人争取自由的运动都将彻底失败。灵魂被奴役，肉体就永远不会解放。心灵的自由，即坚定的自尊，是战胜肉体奴役漫漫长夜的最强有力武器。林肯的《解放宣言》和约翰逊的《人权法案》都不能彻底带来这种自由。黑人惟有心灵深处的解放，并用笔墨签署自己的《解放的宣言》才会得到解放。黑人惟有竭尽全力以自尊自重的精神勇敢地抛弃自我否定的枷锁，对自己、对世界说，“我非等闲之辈。我是人。我是有尊严、有荣誉的人。即便那是一段非常痛苦的受剥削的历史，我也有厚重且高尚的历史。是的，我从祖先那里继承了奴隶的身份，但我并不为此感到耻辱。使我感到耻辱的是那些罪孽深重、使我成为奴隶的人。”是的，我们必须昂首挺胸地说，“我是黑人，我因黑而美。”黑人恰恰需要这种自我肯定。白人对黑人所犯下的罪行迫使我们自我肯定。

P5 8 It was this misinterpretation that caused Nietzsche, who was a philosopher of the will to power, to reject the Christian concept of love.It was this same misinterpretation which induced Christian theologians to reject the Nietzschean philosophy of the will to power in the name of the Christian idea of love.Now, we've got to get this thing right.What is needed is a realization that power without love is reckless and abusive, and love without power is sentimental and anemic.Power at its best is love implementing the demands of justice, and justice at its best is power correcting everything that stands against love.And this is what we must see as we move on.What has happened is that we have had it wrong and confused in our own country, and this has led Negro Americans in the past to seek their goals through power devoid of love and conscience.译：正是这种误解导致了研究权力的哲学家尼采拒绝基督教教义的爱。又是同样的误解使基督教神学家以基督的爱的名义排斥尼采有关权力的哲学。现在，我们必须纠正这种误解。我们应该认识到没有爱的权力会导致失控和滥用；而没有权力的爱则导致善感和无力。最佳的权力是实现平等的仁爱，最理想的平等是纠正任何阻碍仁爱实现的权力。我们继续前进时必须认识到这一点。事实表明，我们国家一直对此持有误解和模糊的认识。这导致了美国黑人过去试图通过没有爱和良知的权力去达到自己目标。

P7 19 And so I say to you today that I still stand by nonviolence.And I am still convinced that it is the most potent weapon available to the Negro in his struggle for justice in this country.And the other thing is that I am concerned about a better world.I'm concerned about justice.I'm concerned about brotherhood.I'm concerned about truth.And when one is concerned about these, he can never advocate violence.For through violence you may murder a murderer but you can't murder.Through violence you may murder a liar but you can't establish truth.Through violence you may murder a hater, but you can't murder hate.Darkness cannot put out darkness.Only light can do that.译：因此，我今天想告诉你们我仍然坚持非暴力原则。我仍然坚信它是黑人在这个国家为公平而斗争的最有效的武器。另外，一个更加美好的世界、公正、兄弟情谊、真理都与我直接相关。一个人有此关注，他就绝不会崇尚暴力，因为暴力可能消灭一个凶手，但却不能消灭谋杀；暴力可能消除一个骗子，但却不能缔造真理；暴力可能除掉一个仇人，但却不能灭绝仇恨。黑暗不能驱除黑暗，只有光明才能驱除黑暗。

P55 3 What could be easier than to write articles and to buy Persian cats with;the profits? But wait a moment.Articles have to be about something.Mine, I seem to remember, was about a novel by a famous man.And while I was writing this review, I discovered that if I were going to review books I

should need to do battle with a certain phantom.And the phantom was a woman, and when I came to know her better I called her after the heroine of a famous poem.The Angel in the House.It was she who used to come between me and my paper when I was writing reviews.It was she who bothered me and wasted my time and so tormented me that at last I killed her.You who come of a younger and happier generation may not have heard of her-you may not know what I mean by The Angel in the House.I will describe her as shortly as I can.She was intensely sympathetic.She was immensely charming.She was utterly unselfish.She excelled in the difficult arts of family life.She sacrificed herself daily.If there was chicken, she took the leg;if there was a draught she sat in it-in short she was so consitituted that she never had a mind or a wish of her own, but preferred to sympathize always with the minds and wishes of others.Above all-I need not say it-she was pure.Her purity was supposed to be her chief beauty-her blushes, her great grace.In those days-the last of Queen Victoria-every house had its Angel.And when I came to write I encountered her with the very first words.The shadow of her wings fell on my page;I heard the rustling of her skirts in the room.Directly, that is to say, I took my pen in my hand to review that novel by a famous man, she slipped behind me and whispered: “My dear, you are a young woman.You are writing about a book that has been written by a man.Be sympathetic;be tender;flatter;deceive;use all the arts and wiles of our sex.Never let anybody guess that you have a mind of your own.Above all, be pure.” And she made as if to guide my pen.I now record the one act for which I take some credit to myself, though the credit rightly belongs to some excellent ancestors of mine who left me a certain sum of money-shall we say five hundred pounds a year?-so that it was not necessary for me to depend solely on charm for my living.I turned upon her and caught her by the throat.I did my best to kill her.My excuse if I were to be had up at a court of law, would be that I acted in self-defence.Had I not killed her she would have killed me.She would have plucked the heart out of my writing.For as I found directly I put pen to paper, you cannot review even a novel without having a mind of your own, without expressing what you think to be the truth about human relations, morality, sex.And all these questions, according to the Angel of the House cannot be dealt with freely and openly by women;they must charm, they must conciliate, they must-to put it bluntly-tell lies if they are to succeed.Thus, whenever I felt the shadow of her wing or the radiance of her halo upon my page, I took up the inkpot and flung it at her.She died hard.Her fictitious nature was of great assistance to her.It is far harder to kill a phantom than a reality.She was always creeping back when I thought I had despatched her.Though I flatter myself that I killed her in the end, the struggle was severe;it took much time that had better have been spent upon learning Greek grammar;or in roaming the world in search of adventures.But it was a real experience;it was an experience that was bound to befall all women writers at that time.Killing the Angel in the House was part of the occupation of a woman writer.译：有什么能比写文章并用其报酬来买波斯猫更容易的事呢？但是，请等一下。文章要有内容。我记得那篇文章评论了一个男性名人的一部小说。写这篇评论时，我发现，如果我要是想写书评，我需要与某个鬼影抗争。这个鬼影就是女人。当我进一步了解她后，我就用“家里的天使”来称呼她。这是一首名诗中女人的名字。我写评论时，就是她总出现在我和我的文章之间。她不停地困扰我，浪费我的时间，折磨我，所以，最终我杀死了她。你们年轻快乐的一代或许没听说过她，可能不知道我所说的“家里的天使”是什么意思。我将尽可能简短地描述一下。她极富同情心，极有魅力，毫不自私，擅长家务，天天自我牺牲。如果家里吃鸡，她只吃鸡腿；如果家里有穿堂风，她坐在风口。她就是这样一个人，从来没有想到过自己的想法与期望，总是喜欢按照别人的想法和期待来做出牺牲。总之，我不必说她是纯洁的。她的纯洁应该被看作是她主要的动人之处；她常常脸红，举止优雅。在维多利亚时代后期，每个家庭都有个天使。每当我开始写作，她总会在我刚刚写出几个字时就遇到她。她翅膀的影子映在我的纸上；我在房间里能听到她裙子沙沙作响。当我提笔要为一个名人的小说写书评时，她就溜到我身后轻声对我说：“亲爱的，你是一个年轻女子。你所评的这本书是男人写的。你要有同情心，要温柔、要奉承、要欺骗，用尽女人所有小把戏。永远别让别人知道你有自己的思想。最重要的是，要纯洁。”她似乎在控制我的笔。我还记得一件事，我觉得自己比较成功的一件事。其实功劳应该归于我优秀的前辈，他们给我留下了一大笔遗产，例如一年500磅的进项。我因此不必仅仅依靠女人的魅力去谋生。我发起进攻，掐住她喉咙。我尽全力杀死了她。如果把我诉上法庭，那么我的辩词将是正当防卫。如果我不杀死刀子，她就会杀死我。她会泯灭我写作的灵魂。因为我发现，在提笔之时，如果没有自己的思想，不能表达关于人与人的关系、道德及性的真理，我连对一部小说的评论也写不出来。按照“家里的天使”的规矩，女人不可以自由、公开地讨论这些问题。女人只能展示魅力，女人让步。直率地说。要想成功，她们必须说谎。所以，每当在我的纸上感到她翅膀的影子或是光晕，我就会拿起墨水瓶，向她砸去。杀死她很难。虚幻的本质给了她极大的帮助。杀死现实中人的人易，杀死鬼影难。我认为已经将她杀死，可她却总是悄然而至。我因最终铲除了她而感到欣慰，但铲除的斗争过程却十分激烈，耗时很多，都不如把这些时间花在学习希腊语法或是周游世界去冒险好了。可这都是真实的经历；这种经历注定会发生在所有女作家身上。杀死“家里的天使”是女作家职业的份内之事。

第五篇：高英1翻译

U1The Bazaar

1)The one I am thinking....losing itself in the shadowy distance.(此时此刻显现在我脑海中的这个中东集市，其入口处是一座古老的砖石结构的哥特式拱门。你首先要穿过一个赤日耀眼、灼热逼人的大型露天广场，然后走进一个凉爽、幽暗的洞穴。这市场一直向前延伸，一眼望不到尽头，消失在远处的阴影里。)

2>The machine is operated by one man.....and theoccasional grunts and sighs of the camels(这套装臵是由一个人操作的。他先将亚麻籽浆铲入一只大石缸里，继而动作利索地爬上令人头晕目眩的高处系牢缆索，然后全身使劲压在一根用树干做成的粗大的横梁上，带动缆索的滑轮装臵运转。古木大梁压得嘎吱作响，缆索开始绷紧，接着便见一滴滴的油沿着一条石槽流入一只废旧汽油桶里。随着大梁越压越低，缆索越绷越紧，大梁的嘎吱声，石磙的辘辘声，以及骆驼不时发出的咕噜咕噜的呼吸声和叹息声响成一片，榨出的油也很快地由涓滴细流变成了一股晶莹发亮、奔腾不止的洪流。)

U2Hiroshima

1)And secondly,.....Was I not at the scene of the crime?(其次，则是因为我当时心情沉重，喉咙哽噎，忧思万缕，几乎顾不上去管那日本铁路官员说些什么。踏上这块土地，呼吸着广岛的空气，对我来说这行动本身已是一套令人激动的经历，其意义远远超过我以往所进行的任何一次旅行或采访活动。难道我不就是在犯罪现场吗?)

2)Quite unexpectedly,.....had lingered on to die in slow agony.(出人意料的是，刚到广岛车站时袭扰着我的那种异样的忧伤情绪竟在这时重新袭上心头，我的心情又难受起来，因为我又一次意识到自己臵身于曾遭受第一颗原子弹轰击的现场。这儿曾有成千上万的生命顷刻之间即遭毁灭，还有成千上万的人在痛苦的煎熬中慢慢死去。)

3)There are two different schools of thought...at the point of impact(在这个以牡蛎闻名的城市里有两种截然不同的意见，一种主张保存原子弹爆炸留下的痕迹，另一种则主张销毁一切痕迹，甚至要拆除立于爆炸中心的纪念碑。)

4）假如你身上有着明显的原子伤痕，你的孩子就会受到那些没有伤痕的人的歧视。

5）Each day that I escape death......I have the opportunity to improve my character每当我从死神那儿挣脱出来的那一天，每当病痛将我从尘世烦恼中解放出来的那一天，我都要叠一只新的小纸鸟，加到原有的纸鸟群里去。我就这样看着这些纸鸟，庆幸病痛给自己带来的好运。因为正是我的病痛使我有了怡养性情的机会。

U3Ships in the Desert

1)But the most significant change.....the global atmosphere is still picking up speed迄今为止，地球大气层最重要的变化始于上世纪初的工业命，变化速度自那以后逐渐加快。工业意味着先是煤、后是石油消耗。我们燃烧了大量的煤和石油——导致大气层二氧化碳含的增加，这就使更多的热量得以留存在大气层中，从而使地球的候逐渐变暖。离南极极点不到一百码远，在雪上飞机降落的冰铺道上风处，科学家们一日数次地测量大气，以便绘制图表记录下无情的变化。雪上飞机在冰铺跑道上降落后，引擎仍得保持运聋以防金属部件冻住而无法发动。在我访问期间，我观看了一位科家绘出那天的测量结果，把图表上一条斜度很大的上升的线再上推进。他告诉我——在这地球的尽头——很容易看清全球大层的巨大变化的速度仍在加快。

2)However, a new class of environmental......a new threat to their survival然而，新的一类环境问题确实影响全球生态系统，而这些威胁基本上是战略性的。过去四十年中大气层氯的含量增加了百分之六百，这不仅发生在那些生产与此直接相关的氟里昂的国家，而且发生在所有国家的上空，还同样发生在南极上空、北极上空和太平洋上空——从地球表面一直到天空深处。氯含量的增加破坏了地球调节太阳通过大气层射到地面的紫外线辐射量的全球程序。如果我们让氯含量继续增加，那么紫外线辐射量也将增加——终有一天会威胁到所有的动植物的生存。

3)The strategic nature of the threat now.....involve new ways of thinking about the relationship it self当前人类文明对全球环境的威胁的战略实质以及全球环境的变化对人类文明的威胁的战略实质向我们提出了一系列相似的挑战，同时也使我们产生了一些自欺欺人的期望。有的人认为，有了某种崭新的终极技术——不管是核能还是基因工程——就可以解决这个问题。还有的人则认为，只有大大减少我们对技术的依赖才能改善人类的生存环境——这种看法充其量是一种简单化的看法。真正的解决办法要从重新设计以及最终弥合文明与地球间的关系中去寻找。要完成这一点，只有通过重新仔细估量导致这种关系在较近时期内发生的剧烈变化的所有各种因素才行。改变我们与地球的关系的途径当然会涉及到新技术的发明和应用，但关键的变化将与对这种关系本身的新的思路有关。U4Everyday Use

1)In real life I am a large.......keep up with my quick witty tongue在现实生活中，我是一个身材粗壮、大骨架的妇女，粗糙的双手就好比干男人活的。冬天睡觉时，我套着绒布睡衣，；白天干活时便穿着一件罩衫。我能像男人一样毫不心慈手软地宰杀一头猪，并把它收拾干净。我身上的脂肪使我在严冬也不会觉得寒冷。我能一整天都呆在户外干活，敲碎冰块，然后打水洗衣服。从刚宰杀的猪身上取下来还冒着热气的猪肝，在明火上烤几分钟我就吃。有一年冬天，我拿一把铁锤击倒了一头公牛犊，锤子恰好砸在它两眼之间的大脑上。天黑之前，我就已经把牛肉挂起来晾着了。但是，这一切当然都不会出现在电视上。（电视上的）我是我女儿希望的那副模样；体重掉了100磅，皮肤像入锅前的大麦饼那样光滑柔嫩，头发在耀眼的灯下闪着光泽。不仅如此，我还，妙语连珠，就连卡森也望尘莫及.2)But that is mistake.....Hesitation was no part of her nature可惜，这一切都不过是白日梦，我还没清醒之前就已经意识到了。谁认识一个叫约翰逊的伶牙俐齿的家伙?谁能想象我竟然敢直视一个陌生的白人？和他们讲话时，我似乎总是有种紧张不安，随时准备溜走，头也总是扭到一边，眼睛尽可能不看他们。不过，伊迪可不这样。对任何人都无所畏惧。犹豫不决可不是她的个性。

3）I used to think she hated Maggie,....we seemed about to understand过去，我一直以为，她也很讨厌麦琪。但那是在我和教堂筹钱送她到奥古斯塔上学之前的事啦。那时，她会经常给我们读点东西，可是她丝毫没有同情心，常用这种方式把别人的文字.谎话，习惯以及生活方式强加于我俩的身上。我和麦琪别无选择，只能坐在那，表现的无所知的样子，任由她的声音凌驾于我们之上。伊迪向我们灌输了一大堆编造出来的东西和一些我们无需掌握的知识。她一脸严肃，强迫我们听她读书，等我们刚有点似懂非懂的时候，她却把我们晾在一边。简直把我俩看成了傻瓜一样。

4）I never had an education myself.....unless you try to milk them the wrong way我没有受过教育。我念完小学二年级时，学校就被关闭了。不要问我原因：1927年时的有色人种提问题可不像现在这么多。麦琪有时也给我读点东西。虽然她看不太清，但性情温和的她仍然结结巴巴地读着。她明白自己并不聪明。正如美貌与金钱一样，（上帝也没有）给她机敏。她即将嫁给约翰，托马斯（他拥有一张诚实的面孔和长了一口苔藓的牙齿）。麦琪嫁给他之后，我就没事可做了，我也许会坐在 家里随口哼上几句赞美诗，尽管我唱的不好，还总是跑调。我倒是更在行干男人的活。过去我一直喜欢挤牛奶，直到1949年时我的肋骨被牛角给顶伤了，就再也不怎么喜欢挤奶了。其实，母牛生性安静，动作迟缓，除非你挤奶时，动作不对，否则她是不会伤人的。

U5speech on Hitler’s Invasion of the U.S.S.R

1)我现在的目标只有一个，即消灭希特勒。这使我的生活单纯多了。假使希特勒入侵地狱，我至少会在下议院替魔鬼说几句好话的。’

2)如果希特勒认为他对苏维埃俄国的进攻会使那些决心埋葬他的伟大的民主国家稍稍转移目标或松懈斗志的话，那他就大错特错了。

3)He wishes to destroy theRussian.....suffer the penalty of his crimes.他之所以想摧毁俄国，乃是因为他期望着一旦这一行动顺利得手，他便可以将其陆、空军主力从东线调回，投入对英伦三岛的进攻。他清楚地知道，他必须征服英国，否则，他将因其犯下的种种罪行而受到惩罚。

4)He hopes that he may once again repeat......of the Western Hemisphere to his will and to his system.毫无疑问，他期望这一切能在冬季到来之前全部完成，期望在美国的海空军来不及插手干预之前即能征服大不列颠。他期望能以空前的规模再度重演他长期以来赖以发迹的将敌手各个击破的故伎，然后便可以腾出场地来演出最后的一幕——将整个西半球臵于他的控制和统治之下。他知道，如果做不到这一点，他的全部战果都将化为泡影。

U6Blackmail

1)I’ll tell you,....They think they got their little secret tucked away,and so they have---except like now“告诉你吧，公爵——我在这个城市和这个旅馆呆的时间都很久了。到处都有我的朋友。我时常为他们帮忙，他们也同样帮我的忙，比如说告诉我哪儿发生了些什么事儿，住在这个旅馆的人们做了些什么事情，凡是有点儿出格的，那就很少能瞒得过我。他们多半都不知道我会知道，而且也不认识我。他们以为自己的那些小秘密被隐瞒住了——也的确有瞒住的时候——可是这一回却瞒不住了。”

2)Well now,there’s no call for being hasty.......No,sir, you wouldn’t like it at all“依我说呢，这事也不用着急。”他那刺耳的尖嗓音此时带着一种沉思的声调。“事已至此，急也无益，再急也不能让那小孩和她的母亲复生。况且，到了警察局．他们用来处臵你的办法，公爵，你是不会喜欢的。真的，阁下，你绝不会喜欢的。”

3)The Duchess of Croydon kept firm,tight.....A thought occurred to her.克罗伊敦公爵夫人极力控制自己那如脱缰野马般的思绪。她知道保持自己头脑的冷静和理智是至关重要的。方才那最后几分钟的谈话似乎变得非常随便，仿佛他们所讨论的只是一些无关紧要的家常琐事，而不是人命关天的大事。她有意要使谈话照这样进行。她意识到，唱主角的责任又一次地落到了自己的肩上。此时此刻，在她与这个存心恶毒的肥佬之间的激烈交锋中，她的丈夫只当了一名紧张而被动的旁观者。没关系，既然躲不过，就只好去面对它了。要紧的是对各种可能发生的意外变故预作考虑。她突然想出了一个主意。

U9Mark Twain

1)从所有这些形形色色的人身上，马克?吐温敏锐地认识了人类，认识了人们的言与行之间的差距。

2)Tom’s mischievous daring,ingenuity.....as is the Declaration of Independence.这部描写汤姆的顽皮、勇敢、机智以及他对贝琪?莎切尔的天真纯洁的感情的故事几乎像《独立宣言》一样成了今天美国学校里的必读书本。

3)Mark Twain suggested that....on the shelf occationally and renew our edges马克?吐温认为，美国人的理想中缺少了一种成分。他说：“我们只消偶尔地躺下来好好放松休息一下，保持锋棱利角，我们将有可能成为一个多么朝气蓬勃的民族，一个多么富有思想的民族啊!”4)在《神秘的陌生人》中，他指出人类应该抛弃宗教幻想，依靠自己而不是上帝的力量去创造一个更加美好的世界。

5)They vanish from a world where they ere of.....and forget them forever.他们从世界上消失了，在这个世界上他们无足轻重，无所成就；甚至他们的存在本身就是个错误，是个失败，是种愚蠢。这个世界上也没有留下丝毫能表明他们存在过的痕迹。这个世界赠给他们的只是一日的哀伤和永久的遗忘。”