第一篇：2015大学英语Ⅲ复习材料
1.Most cities in the country have introduced “Clean Air Zones”(whereby)factories and households are only allowed to burn smokeless fuel.2.He knows that the(pursuit)of social status can consume vast amounts of his time and effort.3.The doctors are at a loss because so far no medicine has been found to(inhibit)the spread of the disease.4.We see many special education directors trying to(maintain)the quality of their programs with much less money and much smaller staff.5.People there are told it is their(patriotic)duty to support the national economy by buying their own products.6.Darwin's thinking both drew upon and(transcended)the conventional ideas of his time.7.In spite of all your(endeavors), there may be times when you encounter difficulties in the training process.8.My advice to Mr.Stewart is to think carefully before entering into a career in medicine, as this is a field which requires a lot of(dedication)and long working hours.9.Most Chinese parents would prefer to choose some professions that are stable and could bring(prestige)and economic benefits.10.It is legally possible for an elderly person to(nominate)someone to act for them, should they become incapable of looking after themselves.1.When Francis got back after Easter, he was far behind his classmates and he was(removed from)the second into the third class at his own desire.2.The president acknowledged that he had somehow(failed in)his ability to communicate to the American people.3.Unfortunately, as history has shown, some of the companies are guilty of misconduct(in the pursuit of)profit.4.The ship(deviated from)the agreed voyage and arrived about 10 days late and in the meantime the price of sugar had fallen and the merchants lost over £4,000.5.Because the transcript is still under seal, the law(1)(precludes)them(2)(from)reading and discussing the evidence in detail.6.In carrying out the plan we are likely to come across difficulties, but we are determined to(triumph over)them all.7.Without increasing investment in education, it will be increasingly difficult for low-income people to(work their way into)the middle class.8.All the passengers in the plane that crashed in the middle of the Andes Mountains a week ago were(written off)as dead.1.Kids are more likely to(intervene)in a situation if they believe their parents expect them to help.2.The first lesson I learned as a newcomer for the company was never to(underestimate)the degree of difficulty I would face in career advancement.3.Just as I started to think that I was never going to get well, the illness began to(recede).4.Whatever the decision is, I would like you to know that your department is my first choice and I(deem)it a great honor if I could study in your department.5.During one particularly(bleak)moment in my career, a senior colleague of mine said to me, “If you follow your dreams, the money will come.Follow the money, and you'll lose your dreams.”
6.Unless we can find a way to(appraise)nature and then invest in protecting it, our basic life-support systems are going to collapse.7.The blizzard(暴风雪)moved south, turning into an icy rain that(paralyzed)the airports for three days.8.In this introduction we have diagnosed some of the causes of the illness and, in the following chapters, we will draw attention to its various unpleasant(symptoms).9.In those days, divorce under any circumstances was socially unacceptable and there was great(dismay)in the family who went through it.10.Every time she talked about being rejected in her hunt for a job, she seemed on the(brink)of tears, and I would quickly switch the conversation to another topic.1.When the bus(pulled to a stop)and I got off, I was relieved because I had finished school and I had the weekend ahead of me to enjoy myself.2.When my car crashed into the big tree, I could feel the blood draining from my face and I wondered whether I was about to(black out).3.All kinds of questions concerning the soaring housing price begin to(pop up)on cable television and the blogosphere(博客圈).4.The soldiers' rapid march was(stopped short)by the general's command;they were uncertain whether to go back or forward.5.A car crashed into the side of a house after the driver lost control and(plowed through)a hedge(树篱).6.Charles reappeared, after half an hour's absence, and(threw himself into)an armchair, where he lay back for some time with his eyes shut.7.You may be out of work but that is no reason to(let yourself go)by not washing, brushing your hair and wearing clean clothes.8.As her door began to open, she(grabbed for)the telephone, and then dropped the receiver as Luke walked in.1.As a number of authors point out, the urge to migrate is a(n)
(integral)part of human nature.2.Children should be allowed to(cherish)those few years of innocence before they have to learn the truth about the real world.3.He has been(afflicted)by a horrible disease, from which one of his best friends died two weeks ago.4.The results of the survey are(noteworthy)and useful despite being from a small sample.5.The director said that they needed a young actress who could(portray)someone who was both unbalanced and confident at the same time.6.Praise must be used wisely to(compliment)students who perform up to expectations and to encourage students to perform to maximum levels.7.In the(domain)of research, it is an accepted fact that scientific publications have to be written or translated into English to get published, acknowledged, and cited.8.He received a(n)
(anonymous)call threatening to disclose details of his affair if he didn't pay the money.9.The movie presents Lincoln as a strong-willed,(conscientious)man who led the US through a moral, constitutional and political crisis.10.It is understandable that the health and welfare of their family is a(n)
(perpetual)concern for this young couple.1.Clearly, most of the students there are full-time workers who would not otherwise have been able to(embark on)sustained further study.2.The court ruled that this man(be deprived of)his political rights for a further four years after he has served his 13-year sentence.3.I would love to have kids.I would(turn down)an Oscar to see my boy at a baseball game or my girl at a song recital.4.Richard was finally released on February 4, one year and six weeks after he'd been(taken captive).5.She hoped Vincent would understand that
her life had not been empty, because her love would(live on).6.All people, whether they be rich or poor, strong or weak, privileged or deprived, are interdependent, and(share in)the common task of seeking to achieve mankind's full potential.7.In September 1944 he was able to return to his academic duties, but soon after the war ended he(was stricken by)a serious illness and did relatively little research thereafter(从那以后).8.She retired from the company where she has(led by example)and been a source of encouragement to others.1.Although secondary education is(compulsory), parents are not required to send their children to state schools.2.The economic situation has been worsening, causing economists to(contemplate)whether the present policies are sustainable.3.He was found guilty and was(imprisoned)in the Tower of London, where he died very quickly, aged only 47.4.It is obvious that the future of the Internet is to(globalize)more and more areas of the world, and that e-commerce and e-entertainment are going to go for more and more markets.5.However, your current losses should soon be(offset)by gains;the fund will produce a positive return of 11.6 percent over a nine-month period.6.Because she was so tall and slim, all the clothes looked marvelous on her and the other girls would(groan)their envy.7.This can be a helpful approach in discussion — someone may regard you as(stubborn)since you never want to change your mind, whereas you see yourself as determined.8.At weekends, the school park is almost empty except that a few cars(cluster)near the entrance.9.In the photographer's finest pictures there is also a degree of(ambiguity), which allows them to be interpreted in a variety of ways.10.Tim stretched out a hand in apology for his thoughtless remarks and was(consoled)by a firm handshake from Mark.1.Virginia was a perfectionist.She was just not prepared to(settle for)anything that was second best.2.He could be quite casual in his attitude to his wife's anxiety, and(more often than not)failed to let her know when he would be back from a business trip.3.“You'll kill yourself with those things,” Arty said in a tone in which disappointment was(mingled with)disgust.4.Thanks to modern transportation, agricultural products in these remote mountainous regions can also be(traded for)other goods.5.As the market(was saturated with)a wide variety of goods, the economy became more balanced and the competition forced the prices down.6.Going with the flow doesn't mean that we don't know where we're going;it means that we(are open to)multiple ways of getting there.7.The athlete had been(endowed with)long legs and a persistent temperament so he was very successful.8.The wrongly accused man asked for extra compensation to(make up for)the stress he had suffered during the case.1.The general considered all the information that had been gathered and(gauged)what possible moves the enemy might make before issuing his orders.2.The new president said she would(dedicate)herself to protecting the rights of the old and the homeless, who are otherwise helpless and vulnerable.3.Cell phone conversations, which are fairly
(commonplace)on commuter trains, can be annoying to fellow commuters.4.Ask your doctor whether a low-fat diet and a daily walk will(suffice)to reduce your high blood pressure.5.The(revenue)from tourism is the biggest single contribution to GDP in the Maldives;every year many tourists from all corners of the world spend their holidays there.6.Since the beginning of this century, China has built many modern conference centers with underground parking, air-conditioning and(simultaneous)translation systems.7.While advertising offers a stimulus(刺激)to buy, sales promotion offers a(n)(incentive)to buy, but consumers must have their own reason to buy.8.In general, smokers living in cities are slightly more(prone)to lung cancer than smokers who are living in the country.9.A large proportion of important(innovations)are brought about by people who step outside of conventional categories or traditional assumptions.10.The habit of going to coffee houses was(fostered)by the city's relatively small size, safe streets, good public transportation, and moderate climate.1.The results of this experiment do not(correlate with)those of the studies that the team of scientists had conducted previously.2.It was a moment of overwhelming excitement when Steve was given the first prize;Tiffany couldn't(refrain from)hugging and kissing him.3.As we(count down)to tonight's presidential debate, it's time to go over the political agendas which the candidates are trying to promote.4.She spent the next 10 years taking in washing,(slaving away)to pay back the money they had borrowed from the bank.5.Indeed, it seems that the upward shift in the rate of economic growth in the mid-1990s(coincided with)a sudden, substantial and rapid decline in the prices of computers.6.As Crawford(contended with)heartbreak in his private life, his career soared to greater heights than he could have ever dreamed of.7.I am assuming that you have adequate health insurance, but someone should(be designated as)successor to take over your financial and domestic affairs if you become unable to cope with them yourself.8.Formal consent for this new type of treatment was obtained from each patient and the study(conformed to)our institution's guidelines concerning medical ethics(伦理).Where there is a will, there is a way.This proverb means that if you are really determined to do something, however difficult it might be, you will(1)(eventually)find a way to do it well.The(2)(premier)point is that you must have the will to achieve success.Ninety percent of the failures that occur are due to the fact that there is no strong will involved.Many people simply say that they want something, but they do not make any(3)(endeavor)to achieve it.So, instead of getting it, they use the poorest excuse to explain the situation away.On many occasions, people tend to(4)(bypass)every minute obstacle, making the objective impossible to attain.In reality, if they have the will to succeed, they can get rid of the(5)(handicaps)and achieve their goals.Only those with a(n)(6)(committed)and focused will and spirit can fight their way to final victory.Many a famous man has the same experience.They have(7)(attained)their prestige because they have had the will to(8)(transcend)apparently insuperable(无法克服的)obstacles.Many artists, statesmen, writers and inventors have managed to succeed because they possess a fierce will，which has helped them to accomplish major(9)(feats).Therefore, we can see that the main thing which one needs is a strong will.Weak-willed people never climb to the top.They collapse at the(10)(slightest)use of force against them.Strong-willed people, on the other hand, will stand up against all odds and will make it a point to succeed.Social anxiety symptoms often begin during adolescence.It's a developmental process that is(1)(characterized)by profound psychological changes, especially in terms of how we relate to others.One of the most frustrating(2)(aspects)of the adolescent years is the tendency for self-focus and a decrease in the(3)(amount)of focus we have for the feelings and needs of others.While these changes are fairly universal, those of us who were born with a shy temperament(性格)can carry the adolescent fears, which may never(4)(recede), into adulthood.An anxious temperament causes our brains to react forcibly when(5)(exposed)to the stress of sudden awareness of our peers and gradually we become more and more vulnerable.Our brains label the fear of exposure or embarrassment as highly dangerous.This may result in a(n)(6)(vicious)circle for many years: excessive self-consciousness and inhibition when you feel you are being observed.To cope with the problem, I would like to(7)(challenge)you to strive for increased focus on other people, in place of your(8)(excessive)focus on yourself.Yes, I know, this is easier said than done.The fear may cause you to feel that you will lose control or make a fool of yourself when you are in the spotlight(聚光灯).But if you begin to build a new response, in(9)(reaction)to your fears, you will gradually build up a stronger and more positive response.Remember, don't let self-consciousness(10)(paralyze)you!Be
courageous!
Unit 3
Audrey Hepburn was a beautiful actress and model, who became one of the most successful and well-known actresses in the film(1)(domain).She was a fashion icon and role model for women all over the world, helping to(2)(define)a particular type of fresh, vulnerable, elfin(小精灵似的)beauty.Today's(3)(popularity)of the slim fashion model is due to Audrey Hepburn's influence.Although she appeared frail(脆弱的), she was(4)(mentally)strong.At the end of her acting career when she entered a(n)(5)(diplomatic)career as a Goodwill Ambassador for UNICEF, she was so solidly(6)(committed)to her cause that she was held in highest esteem(尊重)by even the most hardened politicians.Audrey originally started working for UNICEF in 1954, doing radio presentations.She always said it was happy to(7)(devote)her life to helping impoverished(穷困的)children after her own good fortune in(8)(surviving)the hardship of the Nazi occupation of Holland.She began her permanent ambassadorship in 1988 and(9)(embarked)on trips to many countries.She was always positive: “People in these places don't know Audrey Hepburn, but they recognize the name UNICEF.When they see UNICEF their faces light up, because they know that something is happening.” In 1992, her(10)(humanitarian)work with those in need was recognized when she was awarded the Jean Hersholt Humanitarian Award by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences for her contribution to humanity.Unit 4 “Why would you leave behind your comfortable bed, your home, your family and friends? Why do you want to go alone?” When you are living out of a backpack for a period of time, you may often get questioned why.I seldom get time to sit down and(1)(contemplate)the reason I travel, but I believe that you only begin to truly live once you step outside of your(2)(comfort)zone.My first overseas trip was at 14 years old, which(3)(sparked)my curiosity for the world.Since finishing high school I have(4)(ventured)through various countries and been amazed by all the(5)(diverse)cultures scattered around the globe.My eyes are my greatest asset as they have(6)(witnessed)the most beautiful scenes that replay in my mind every day:(7)(stunning)landscapes, friendly locals, breath-taking architecture, and food that makes your mouth water once your eyes catch a(n)(8)(glimpse).Traveling teaches you to be independent in the most(9)(positive)way.I know how to depend on myself, go out and meet people, and not let anyone else's expectations(10)(dictate)my life.Every day I see my dream and every day it's in a new place.I am 22 years young.I quite agree with Anthony Bourdain, “If you're 22, physically fit, hungry to learn and be better, I urge you to travel.Find out how other people live and eat and cook.Learn from them, wherever you go.”
Unit 5 In a study conducted in the UK, it was found that only four out of every five(1)(employees)were happy at work.Surprisingly, contrary to popular(2)(notion), friendly, supportive colleagues and a good manager, instead of the salary or the love for the work, have been found to be the(3)(primary)causes of happiness at work.So, how do you keep your spirits up and, at the same time,(4)(foster)a
sense of joy on the job? Here is one of the tips to help you on your way to finding happiness and complete job satisfaction in the workplace.Start with a positive outlook.Happiness is a state of mind;it(5)(reflects)an attitude, though not many people realize it.Staying happy at work is totally based on your(6)(motivations)and on a positive outlook toward your job, not on(7)(monetary)rewards or material gain.Dwelling on(老是想着)the good(8)(aspects)of the work rather than rattling on and on(对...喋喋不休)about what makes you unhappy is the basic key to happiness.Negativity and(9)(gossiping)about bad things may be easy, but it is looking at the bright side that makes for the challenging part of a job.As Francesca Reigler puts it, “Happiness is an attitude.We either make ourselves(10)(miserable), or happy and strong.The amount of work is the same.”
阅读理解
Unit 1 – Unit 5 Text B 其中一篇
翻译 Unit 1
英译汉
Global citizen is someone who identifies with being part of an emerging world community and whose actions contribute to building this community's values and practices.世界公民是指一个人承认自己是新兴的全球社区的一分子，而且其行动对全球社区的价值打造和实践活动有所贡献。Global citizenship believes that humankind is essentially one and each individual has the power to change things.世界公民相信人类从本质上来说是一个整体，每 个人都有改变事物的能力。In our interdependent world, global citizenship encourages us to recognize our responsibilities toward each other and learn from each other.在我们这样一个相互依赖的世界中，世界公民意识鼓励我们认识到对彼此的责任，并从对方身上学习。Global citizens care about education, disease，poverty，and environmental issues around the world.世界公民关心全球的教育、疾病、贫穷和环境问题。Today, the forces of global engagement are helping some people identify themselves as global citizens who have a sense of belonging to a world community.在当今，全球合作的力量在使一些人萌发世界公民的意识，让他们拥有对全球社区的归属感。This growing global identity in large part is made possible by the forces of modern information, communications and
transportation technologies.这种不断发展的世界公民意识在很大程度上来讲，要 归功于现代信息、通信和交通技术的力量。Global citizenship aims to empower people to lead their own action.世界公民意识致力于给予人们力量，让他们付诸行动。Along with the knowledge and values that they have gained from learning about global issues, people need to be equipped with the necessary skills to give themselves the ability and confidence to be
pro-active in making a positive difference in the world.世界公民除了要从世界问题中学习知识和价值观，还要拥有必需的 技能，使他们拥有能力和自信，积极推动世界的发展。
汉译英
如今，很多年轻人不再选择“稳定”的工作，他们更愿意自主创业，依靠自己的智慧和奋斗去实现自我价值。Nowadays, many young people no longer choose “stable” jobs.Instead, they prefer to start their own businesses and realize their self-value through their own wisdom and efforts.青年创业（young entrepreneurship）是未来国家经济活力的来源，创业者的成功不但会创造财富、增加就业机会、改善大家的生活，从长远来看，对于国家更是一 件好事，创业者正是让中国经济升级换代的力量。Young entrepreneurship is the source of national economic vitality in the future.The success of entrepreneurs not only creates fortune, increases job opportunities, improves people’s life, but it is also good for the country in the long term.Entrepreneurs are a driving force in upgrading China’s economy.尤其是在当前，国家鼓励大众创业、万众创新，在政策上给予中小企业支持，这更加激发了年轻人的创业热情。Especially for the time being, our country is encouraging people to start their own businesses and make innovations and giving policy support for medium and small businesses.This further arouses young people's enthusiasm to start their own businesses.Unit 2 英译汉
The American Dream is a national ethos(精神特质)of the United States.美国梦是美利坚合众国的民族精神。The term is used in many ways, but it essentially is an idea that suggests that anyone in the US can succeed through hard work and has the potential to lead a happy, successful life.该词有各种各样的用法，但其根本含义是，在美国任何人都可以通过努力获得成功，都有可能过上幸福而成功的生活。Many people have expanded upon or refined the definition to include things such as freedom, fulfillment and meaningful relationships.许多人对 美国梦的概念加以拓展和提炼，涵盖了像自由、自我实现和深厚的人际关系等方面的内容。The idea of an American Dream is older than the US, dating back to the 1600s, when people began to have all sorts of hopes and aspirations for what was a new and largely unexplored continent to European immigrants.美国梦的思想比美国本身更为久远，可以追溯到17世纪，当时的欧洲移 民面对这一新发现的、未经开发的广袤
大陆，开始纷纷怀揣希望，追逐梦想。And the meaning of the Dream has changed over the course of history, including both personal components and a global vision.随着历史的发展，美国梦的含义也已改变，既包含了个人
元素，也包含了全局视野。But not everybody thinks the American Dream is a positive thing.但 并不是每个人都对美国梦持肯定态度。Some people believe that the structure of society in the US prevents such an idealistic goal for everyone.一些人认为美国的社会结构决定了不是每个人都能拥有这样的理想目标。Critics often point to examples of inequality rooted in class, race, religion and ethnicity that suggest that the American Dream is not attainable for everyone.批评者常常举以实例，揭露植根于阶级、种族、宗教 和民族的不平等现象，指出美国梦并非每个人都可企及。
汉译英
实现中华民族伟大复兴（rejuvenation）是近代以来中国人民最伟大的梦想，我们称之为“中国梦”，其基本内涵是实现国家富强、民族振兴、人民幸 福。中国梦，是让每一个积极进取的中国人形成世世代代的信念：只要经过不懈的奋斗便能获得更好的生活。Realizing the great national rejuvenation, which we define as the Chinese Dream, has been the greatest Chinese expectation since modern times.It basically means achieving prosperity for the country, renewal of the nation and happiness for the people, thus ensuring that every enterprising Chinese carries, generation after generation, the firm conviction that a better life is accomplished through persistent effort.人们必须通过自己的勤奋、勇气、创意和决心迈向繁 荣，而不是依赖于社会和他人的援助。People should achieve their prosperity through diligence, courage, creativity and determination instead of aid from society or other people.每个中国人都是中国梦的参与者和创造者。中国梦是民族的梦，也是每个中国人的梦。Each individual is a participant and a designer in the cause of realizing the Chinese Dream, for it is a dream not only for the entire nation but also for every Chinese.Unit 3 英译汉
Leonardo da Vinci, one of the greatest minds of the Italian Renaissance, is perhaps the most diversely talented person ever to have lived.莱奥纳多•达•芬奇是意大利文艺复兴时期最伟大的思想家之一，也许也是迄今最多才多艺的人。A painter, sculptor, architect, mathematician, engineer, and inventor, he is
famous for a wide range of accomplishments.他是画家、雕刻家、建筑家、数学家、工程师和发明家，因成就广 泛而闻名。His natural genius, which crossed multiple disciplines, won him the title of “Renaissance Master”.他的天赋跨越多个领域，为其赢得了“文艺复兴大师”的称号。Leonardo is renowned primarily as a painter.莱奥纳多主要作为画家而著名。Among his works, the Mona Lisa is the best known and The Last Supper the most reproduced religious painting of all time.在其所有作品中，《蒙娜·丽莎》最为有名，而《最后的 晚餐》则是历来复制最多的宗教画作。What make Leonardo's drawings unique are mainly his innovative techniques and acute scientific mind.莱奥纳多作品的独特之处主要在于其创新性的技巧和敏锐的科学思维。Perhaps only 15 of his paintings have survived, partly because his constant
experimentation
with
new
techniques made his total output quite small.他的画作大约只有15幅流传了下来，其部分原因是他 不断试验新的技巧，所以作品总量很小。Although not a prolific(多产的)painter, Leonardo was a most productive draftsman, keeping journals full of sketches, drawings, and diagrams.莱奥纳多虽然不是多产画家，却是一位最高产的绘图家，他在日记中画满了各种草图、图画和图表。These notebooks, often referred to as da Vinci's manuscripts, recorded his inventions, observations, and theories about everything that captured his attention.这些笔记通常被称为达 •芬奇手稿，记录了他的各种发明、观察，以及他对自己感兴趣的事物提出的理论。Leonard's genius made him a pioneer in almost every field of study he undertook.莱奥纳多的天赋使他几乎在涉足的每一领域都成了先驱。His paintings, together with his notebooks, have contributed significantly to the history of art.他的画作，连同他的笔 记，在艺术史上贡献斐然。
汉译英
水墨画（ink and wash painting）是中国独具特色的传统艺术形式之一，是中国国画的代表。Ink and wash painting, one of the unique traditional art forms
of
China，is representative of Chinese painting.它大约始于唐代，兴盛于宋代和元代，距今已有一千多年的历史，其间经历了不断的 发展、提高和完善。It began around the time of the Tang Dynasty, and then prospered in the Song and Yuan dynasties.With a history of over one thousand years, it has experienced constant development, improvement and perfection.水墨画的创作工具和材料是具有浓厚中国特色的毛笔、宣纸和墨，其作品特点也与此紧密相关。The tools and materials used to create ink and wash painting, i.e.brushes, rice paper，and ink, are characteristic of Chinese culture and closely related to the features of the paintings.例如，水和墨相互调和，使作品具有干湿浓淡的 层次。For example, the mixing of water and ink creates different shades of dryness, wetness, thickness and thinness.水墨和宣纸的交融渗透也使画作善于表现丰富的意象，从而达到独特的审美效果。
The integration and infiltration of water, ink, and rice paper enables such paintings to convey rich images, and hence to achieve unique aesthetic effects.水墨画在中国绘画史上具有很高的地位，甚至被认为是衡量东方绘画艺术水平的标准。Ink and wash painting holds a high status in the history of Chinese painting, and it is even regarded as the criterion to evaluate the artistic level of Oriental paintings.Unit 4
英译汉
Venice is the world's famous island city in northern Italy.威尼斯是意大利北部一座世界闻名的岛城。Founded in the 5th century, Venice became a major maritime power in the 10th century.威尼斯建立于公元5世纪，在公元10世纪时成为一支重要的海上力量。In the Middle Ages and the Renaissance, Venice was a major center for commerce and trade, and became an extremely wealthy European city, a leader in political and economic affairs.在中世纪和文艺复兴时期，威尼斯曾是重要的商 贸中心，是当时欧洲极为富裕的城市，在政治和经济事务中居领导地位。After several hundred years in power, Venice began to decline in the 15th century.几百年的兴盛之后，威尼斯在15世纪开始衰落。Nowadays, it is regarded as one of the world's most beautiful cities and one of the most important tourist destinations in the world.如今，威尼斯被公认为是全世界最美的城 市之一，也是全世界最重要的旅游胜地之一。Venice has a rich and diverse architectural style, the most famous of which is the Gothic style.威尼斯的建筑风格丰富多样，其中最出名的是哥特式风格。Venice is also known for several important artistic movements in history, especially the Renaissance period.威尼斯还因历史上的几次重要的艺术运动而闻名，特别是文 艺复兴时期。The influence of Venice on the development of architecture and arts has been considerable.威尼斯对建筑和艺术的发展影响巨大。Today, it is still playing an important role in contemporary arts and popular cultures.至今，威尼斯仍对现代艺术和流行文化的发展起着重要作用。In 1987, Venice was listed as a World Heritage Site.1987年，威尼斯被列入《世界遗产名录》。In March 1980, Venice became a sister city of
China's Suzhou City.1980年3月，威尼斯与中国苏州结为“友好城市”。
汉译英
Lijiang is a mountainous city in northwest Yunnan Province.丽江地处云南省西北部，境内多山。The old town of Lijiang, located at the foot of Jade Dragon Snow Mountain, is a town of scenic beauty and known for its history and culture.It is also a well-preserved old town with features of ethnic minorities.丽江古城坐落在玉龙雪山脚下，是一座风景秀丽的历史文化名城，也是我国保存完好的少数民族古城之一。The construction work of the old town was started from the Southern Song Dynasty about 800 years from now.丽江古城始建于南 宋，距今约有800年的历史。Not only does Lijiang boast a long history, but also it boasts many ethnic minorities who make up over a half of the total population in the region.丽江不仅历史悠久，而且民族众多，少数民族人口占全区人口的半数以上。With the booming of Lijiang tourism, the old town of Lijiang is receiving a growing number of tourists from home and abroad.随着丽江旅游业的发展，到丽江古城观光游览的中外游客 日益增多。In December 1997, the old town succeeded in applying to be named a World Cultural Heritage Site, filling the gap of lacking a noted historical and cultural city in China on the World Cultural Heritage List.1997年12月，丽江古城申报世界文化遗产获得成功，填补了中国在世界文化遗产中无历史文化名城的空白。
Unit 5 英译汉
The English ceremony of afternoon tea dates back to the 1840s.The tradition evolved out of the rituals and routines that surrounded tea drinking in Britain before that time.英式下午茶的仪式可以追溯到19世纪40年代，该传统是由之前英国的茶饮仪式和习惯发展而来的。Tea was first introduced to England in the late 1650s, but for a long time, it was only consumed by the royal family and the aristocracy due to its high cost.茶最初在17世纪50年代晚期被引入英国，但由于价格昂 贵，所以很长一段时间里，只有皇家和贵族才能享用。The habit of having afternoon tea did not become established until almost 200 years later.直到将近200多年之后，英国人才养成吃下午茶的习惯。In those days, the British ate only two daily meals: a large breakfast late in the morning and a late dinner around 8 o'clock in the evening.在当时，英国人一日两餐：快接近中午时分的丰盛 早餐和晚上八点左右的晚餐。Anna, the 7th Duchess of Bedford, can be credited for creating the
tradition of afternoon tea to soothe hunger pangs before supper.据说第七代贝德福德公爵夫人安娜开创了下午茶的传统，以此来缓解晚餐前的饥饿感。She invited friends to join her for an additional afternoon meal at four to
five o'clock.她邀请朋友和她一起在下午四五点钟吃下午茶。The menu included tea and snacks such as dainty cakes and sandwiches.下午茶中包括茶和一些点心，比如精致的蛋糕及三明治。Fine porcelain(瓷器)was used to serve this minor feast.这些小巧的美食用精美的瓷器盛装。Afternoon tea soon became popular, and is now a symbol of the elegant British way of life.下午茶很快就流行开来，现在已经成为优雅英国生活方式的一个象征。As novelist Henry James wrote, “There are few hours in life more agreeable than the hour dedicated to the ceremony known as afternoon tea.”正如小说家亨利•詹姆斯写道的那样：“人生鲜有比全心全意享用下午茶这一仪式更惬意的时刻了。”
汉译英
China is the hometown of tea and the birthplace of tea culture.中国是茶的故乡，也是茶文化的发源地。Since ancient times, tea has been known as the “national drink” of China.自古以来，茶就被誉为中华民族的“国饮”。In both the Chinese scholars' seven daily necessities, namely music, chess, calligraphy, painting, poetry, wine and tea and common people's seven ones, namely firewood, rice, oil, salt, soy sauce, vinegar and tea, tea is listed as one of the necessities.无论是文人墨客生活中的“琴棋书画诗酒茶”，还是平民百姓生活中的“柴米 油盐酱醋茶”，茶都是必备品。Meanwhile, China is a country with ancient civilization and a land of courtesy.同时，中国又是文明古国，礼仪之邦。The practice of making and serving tea is essential whenever there are guests or friends.凡是来了客人或朋友，沏茶、敬茶的礼仪必不可少。With the development of cultural exchange, commerce and trade between China and other countries, Chinese tea and tea culture spread to the world.随着中外文化交流和商业贸易的发展，中 国茶及茶文化传向了全世界。Today, a number of countries across the five continents grow tea plants, and many countries import tea from China.现在五大洲有不少国家种茶，也有很多国家从中国进口茶。Chinese tea, like Chinese silk and chinaware, has become synonymous with China in the world.中国茶和中国的丝绸及瓷器一样，已经成为中国在全世界的代名词。
第二篇：大学英语写作复习word版
一、大学英语四级测试作文评分标准（15分）
2分：条理不清，思路紊乱，语言支离破碎或大部分句子均有错误，且多数为严重错误。5分：基本切题，表达思想不够清楚，连贯性差，有较多的严重语言错误。
8分：基本切题，表达思想较清楚，文章尚连贯，但语言错误较多，其中有少量的严重错误。11分：切题，表达思想清楚，文字连贯，但有少量语言错误。
14分：切题，表达思想清楚，文字通顺，连贯性较好，基本上无语言错误。
字数不够扣分。（各段已给出的主题句均不得计入）
段落不够扣分。
二、评分样卷
评分样卷(1)Women in the Modern World
Women are playing an increasingly important part in society today.In today, many women have a work.They worked as well as men playing an important part in factories.There are many women in govener also.They lead other people comtral, and make out plans.There are many women scientist also.They event new things to improve our life.With the changes in their social role, women’s position in the family has been improved as well.In ancient, women’s position in family is pity.They had to looks after their children, did every how husband ordered her to do.But now it is changed.They are equal to her husband.They have the right of speaking of idea, discussion things with her husband, do what she wants to do.In spite of these changes, the liberation of woman has not been completely realized.We also should realize, women’s likerty are limited.For example, many factories want men become its workers but the chance of women is less than men.Everyone should do their best to change this condition.I’m sure, the liberation of women would be increased.评分样卷（2）
Women are playing an increasing important part in society today.More and more women go to work to earn money instead of keeping the house or looking after the children.Women have entered many fields of society including scientific field.As we know, many women sports teams have won the world’s champion such as Chinese Women’s Volleyball Team.With the changes in their social role, woman’s position in the family has been improved as well.Husbands are not the masters of wives in many places.Husbands and wife are equal now.They join together to overcome difficulties and share happiness
In spite of these changes, the liberation of women has not been completely realized.Also in some places, women are considered being ―things‖ belong to men.They have little chance to find jobs.They don’t get equal pay for equal job.This is a problem must be solved not only by society but also by women themselves.评分样卷（3）
Women are playing an increasingly important part in society today.Many women today are playing an important part at works that was thought only could be done by the men before.For example, some women are not secretary in the office, instead , they become manager of a company.With the changes in their social role, woman’s position in the family has been improved as well.In the world today, more and more women have their own jobs.They get their own salary, and become more independent from their husband.With the economic situation improved, their
family position is improving.In spite of these changes, the liberation of woman has not been completely realized.Many husbands only want his wife to stay at home, and do some works or do some shopping.They only want their wife to be a housewife, but not a manager of a company.评分样卷（4）
Women are playing an increasingly important part in society today.In many countries, more and more women are acting as workers, farmers, scientists and even leaders.We can say that almost all jobs which men can do are done perfectly by women.Women are no longer looked down upon by society.With the changes in their social role, women’s position in the family has been improved as well.Husband and wife are now equal in the family.They cope with problems of daily life together, and share happiness with each other.Also, you can hardly find out that in today’s families, women are being busy with dinners, whereas men are comfortably sitting in armchairs, reading newspapers.In spite of these changes, the liberation of woman has not been completely realized.A number of men still jealously guard their rights, and regard women as incapable creature.Few women are allowed to attend important international meeting dominated by men.That’s really the problems we should solve immediately.三、检查语法
1.动词 — 时态，语态是否正确
2.名词 — 单数、复数、可数、不可数，专有名词大小写
3.主谓一致 — 分清主句和从句，使各自的主谓一致
4.形容词、副词 — 用法是否正确，比较级与最高级是否得当
5.介词、连词 — 搭配是否正确
6.其他关联词 — 用法是否正确
7.单词拼写8.标点符号
四、注意基本句型五、九句话模板
六、套用九句话模板
Stop smoking
（1）吸烟的问题越来越受到人们的关注
（2）吸烟的害处
（3）你的想法
Model
(1)There has never been an agreement as to the issue of smoking.(2)Recently, however, more and more people begin to pay attention to this question.(3)They have realized that smoking does great harm to health.(4)The harm of smoking can be seen from the following.(5)First, it can cause cancer.(6)Second, it pollutes the environment.(7)Third, it causes great waste of money.(8)In short, smoking does great harm to health.(9)Effective measures should be taken to stop smoking.Model(developed one)
(1)There has never been an agreement as to the issue of smoking.(2)Recently, however, more and more people begin to pay attention to this question, and some even write to the government calling for policies to stop smoking.(3)They have realized that smoking does great harm tothe health of smokers and non – smokers as well.(4)The harm of smoking can be seen from the following.(5)First, it can cause cancer.A recent survey by the WHO shows, of the diseases which cause death every year, nearly one third has to do with smoking.(6)Second, it pollutes the environment.Cigarettes ends may dirty our air and water.(7)Third, it causes great waste of money.Is it wise to spend nearly thirty yuan each day for something which will kill you eventually?
(8)In short, smoking does great harm to health.(9)It is high time thateffective measures be taken to stop smoking.
第三篇：大学英语3期末复习(2012-12)
大学英语3期末复习
1.If either of you had been able to _______ your anger the fight would have been avoided.a.hold backb.hold onc.hold outd.hold up
2.Many students are taking part in extracurricular activities in their ______ to enhance their communicative skills.a.questb.strainc.temptationd.campaign a.scatterb.dedicatec.give offd.hand out a.hopefulb.definitec.productived.super
5.We can’t ________ her to be able to take responsibility just because she has been working for her boss for two years.a.interpretb.grantc.detachd.assume
6.He left the office, still ______ by the way she had spoken to him.a.annoyedb.been annoyed
c.being annoyedd.to be annoyed
7.__________ is the arbitrary circumstances both of my arrest and my subsequent fate in court.a.It is made rather disturbingb.what makes it rather disturbing
c.It makes rather disturbingd.It is rather disturbing
8.You ______ at the door before you come in.a.mean knockingb.are meant knocking
c.mean to knockd.are meant to knock
9.Mary has ____ a couple of hours on Saturdays to help her mother with her computer.a.put awayb.set asidec.get offd.take on a.likesb.realizesc.imaginesd.considers
11.The statistics show that those who prefer electronic dictionaries _________ 55 percent.a contributedb.amounted toc.headed ford.took in
12.Set your mind at ease.____ you get accustomed to the noise here.a.It will be soon afterb.It wouldn’t be long before
c.It is a short time whend.It is in a short time before
13.All the questions the police asked _____ where she had been on the night of the murder.a.brought upb.revolved around
c.built ond.singled out
14.Give them an inch, ________________.a.and they will make a mileb.they will make a mile
c.so they will make a miled.or they will make a mile
15.Let’s stop taking nonsense and _______ analyzing the tough situation.a.go onb.go offc.go intod.go about
Key
1-5 aadcd6-10 abdbc
11-15 bbbad
第四篇：英语复习材料
一、词组翻译
unit 2
fairy tale
神话故事，童话
wander about
徘徊，漫游
point out
指出
separate from
分出，分开
no longer
不再
unit 3
in print
（文章、书等）被印出来，被出版
as a basis for
作为……的基础
prior to
在前，居先
take…into account
将……考虑进去
up to date
现在的，时新的unit 4
be proud of
为……而自豪
be interested in
对……感兴趣
play a part in
在……起作用
make full use of
充分利用
as the same time
同时
be free from
不受……影响，没有……的do a great harm to
对……造成重大危害
二、选择
三、阅读理解
模拟一 Passage 1
C
B
D
C
A
Passage 2 B
C
D
D
A Passage 3 B
C
C
D
B Passage 4 B
C
C
B
B
模拟二 Passage 1 A
C
C
B
C Passage 2 D
A
D
B
D Passage 3 C
C
C
B
B Passage 4 D
C
A
B
A
样题 Passage 1 B
D
B
B
B Passage 2 D
A
C
A
D Passage 3 B
A
A
D
C Passage 4 D
A
C
B
A
四、完型填空 模拟一
B
D
B
C
A
B C
C
模拟二
B
A
C
D
A
C D
B 样题
A
A
C
A
A
B A
D
五、英译中
Unit 2
第31页
D
B
A B
D
C A
D
C B
D
A A
B
A D
A
C A
B
A C
A
D B
C
A D
C
A C
C
A B
A
C
童话故事对孩子们有好处吗？
一些人们熟知的优秀童话故事已经流传了几百年。这些童话故事长期受到人们的欢迎，可见它们对儿童和成年人的想像力产生了多么大的影响。然而，如今的许多父母在给他们的孩子讲述童话故事时却感到不安，因为他们认为这些故事太残酷，太可怕了。他们还认为故事中讲述的某些思想或价值观不适合年幼的孩子。
这一问题可以从童话故事《汉塞尔和格蕾特尔》中反映出来。故事讲的是一个残酷的继母说服软弱的丈夫，应该将两个孩子丢弃在森林里，让他们死去，因为家里太穷了，没有足够的食物给全家人吃。这位父亲虽然不情愿，但还是将他两个年幼孩子汉塞尔和格蕾特尔带到了森林，然后离开了他们。
带着孤独、恐惧和饥饿，汉塞尔和格蕾特尔兄妹在森林里徘徊。后来他们发现了一个由姜饼做成的奇妙的房子。他们立即开始吃了起来。他们正吃着，一个老妇人走了出来。她请汉塞尔和格蕾特尔兄妹俩到房子里去，这个老妇人看上去好象很和善，兄妹俩就高高兴兴走进了房子，然后这个老妇人原来是一个恶毒的女巫。她把汉塞尔关进了一个笼子，打算将他喂胖一点再把他吃掉。
这个女巫每天都要来查看一次汉塞尔，看他是否胖得可以吃了，但是汉塞尔想办法骗过了这个眼睛近视的女巫。他没有将自己的手指伸出笼子给女巫摸，而是伸给她一根骨头。终于有一天，妹妹格蕾特尔设法将女巫骗到了炉边，把她推了进去。女巫被烧死了。汉塞尔和格蕾特尔设法找到了回家的路，还带走了女巫的珠宝和钱。那位残酷的继母已经死了。从此，那位父亲和两个孩子过上了幸福的生活。
对许多读者来说这个故事听起来很残忍，很凶暴。还有什么比父母将自己的孩子抛弃在森林更残忍的呢？当孩子们被恶毒的女巫抓到的时候，故事开始带上了野蛮意识，即这两个孩子极有可能被这个女巫吃掉。女巫每天去探视关在笼子里的汉塞尔，这使得故事更加紧张且令人恐怖。故事的高潮也同样残忍。格蕾特尔将女巫活活烧死。这样的残暴行为或许会对年幼的孩子产生不健康的恐惧心理。
然而，暴力和残忍不是人们对童话故事提出质疑的惟一方面。有些人反对的是童话故事通常采用的描述家庭和性别角色的那种套路。比如，《汉塞尔和格蕾特尔》同其他许多童话故事一样，继母总是被描绘成残忍的害人精。童话故事中充满了刻薄的继母和具有魔法的恶毒女巫。童话故事中的多数妇女和女孩通常被刻画为软弱和需要保护。《汉塞尔和格蕾特尔》中的继母之所以坏，不仅仅因为她刻薄地对待两个孩子，更因为她摆布软弱的丈夫，做了一个妻子不该做的事。还有，直到故事的结尾前，领头的总是汉塞尔，格蕾特尔只有听从的份。有些父母因此反对自己的孩子学习这样的传统价值观。
但是，有些父母——还有心理学家们——则认为，如果我们担心孩子们会受到童话故事的惊吓或受故事中反面事物的影响，那我们就失去了读童话故事的真正意义了。心理学家布鲁诺·贝特尔海姆指出，所有的孩子都害怕与父母分离，更怕遭受遗弃。这种恐惧不是童话故事教他们的，是孩子们本身具有的。根据贝特尔海姆所说，《汉塞尔和格蕾特尔》实际上使孩子们增强自信心，因为故事告诉孩子们，他们离开了父母也能生存下来。故事告诉孩子们，他们可以学着自己照顾自己。汉塞尔和格蕾特尔兄妹俩就是靠自己战胜女巫，生存了下来，而且还找到了回家的路。贝特尔海姆还指出，在故事的结尾小女孩格蕾特尔不再只是需要保护的对象了。正是她救出了哥哥，还帮助找到了回家的路。童话故事告诉人们，恐惧和困难是能够被战胜的。童话故事的结尾通常是幸福圆满的。
Unit 3
第63页
如何判断信息来源的可靠性和有用性
在你从某处引用事实和观点时，你是在告知读者你为论文所选的材料是有效的。既然如此，就不应该随便照搬哪篇文章或书中的信息。就因为已出版成书，并不意味着作者提出的“事实”是可靠的，或者他的观点是有价值的。下列一些指导性建议可作为评价研究论文信息来源是否可靠的基础。
1.要评判每位作者的可信度。作者的证明材料（如学位，目前职位，发表的其他著作）经常附在文章中或是在书后。如果相关材料没附在文中，就设法在人名词典中查找该作者。如果这个方法还不能提供评判的依据，就请去询问指导老师，看他（或她）是否对该作者有所了解。但是，要是你发现某位作者已在你的同一论题上出版了许多著作，显然已是这一领域的专家，那么不要只是或是主要以他一个人的观点作为你论文的依据。你的观点不能局限于一家之言，哪怕你必须求助于知名度较低的作者们，你也应博采众长从而求得理想的平衡。
2.要把作者面向的读者群和写作目的作为评价的内容之一。文章是写给专业读者还是普通读者看的？你经常可以从作者所设定的读者群来判断文章所包含知识的专业化程度。《新英格兰医学杂志》是专家写给专家看的；《现代心理学》是针对普通读者的通俗杂志。如果你能从文章出处入手并确定其读者群，你就可以从阅读书目中剔除部分书面，从而节省时间，因为它们对你来说有的可能太普通或太专业，有的可能内容过浅或过深。一本书所针对的读者群可能不像文章所针对的那么明确，因为书本缺乏杂志所具有的背景。在略读一本书以判断其利用价值时，可以从语言本身来确定它所针对的读者群。如果章节的标题中有你不认识的术语，说明这本书可能太专业化了。相反，略看之后觉得书中的句子简短，词汇也简单的话，那么整本书对你写论文作参考可能太简单了。
作者的写作目的也值得考虑。一般来说，通俗杂志的文章虽然容易理解，却缺乏学术著作的客观及协调性。通俗文章的目的可能只是为了说服读者，而不是为了提供知识。某些文章意在加深读者群中已存在的偏见，对于这些文章你应特别小心。对于那些想了解对立双方对某一论题所持有观点的研究者来说，这些文章是有帮助的；但文中的“论据”则需仔细权衡。因此，要是你正在研究电视暴力问题，应仔细考虑如何综合利用某些文章的不同论点和统计资料。
3.评判著作是否可靠也应考虑其中文献资料的引用量。学术性著作会引用文献资料；一些专门为普通读者所撰写的经过详细调查而具可靠性的文章也会清楚标明文中所引用的统计资料的来源或是所援引作者的生平材料。要遵循的一条原则是：决不要使用那些转引文献中不可靠的统计资料。
4.需始终考虑拟引用材料的出版时间。40年或60年前发表的研究成果有些仍然是经典性文献。但大部分，尤其是有关历史方面的成果已经过时，因为专家们发现了作者当时未能看到的信函或是文件等。在大多数科技领域中，信息革命使得5年或10年之前出版的著作变得过时。如，根据1990年前的人口普查资料所作的研究就不再可靠。如果太空研究没有利用旅行者2号提供的新信息，那么它就不再是最新成果。
Unit 4
第91页
阳光学校
北欧人在阴冷的冬天花不少时间计划夏天的假日。越来越多的人准备在西班牙、意大利或法国南部的阳光地带度假。到达那里后，许多人只喜欢躺在阳光下，任由阳光将自己晒成深棕色。
他们这样做的原因是想拥有棕色皮肤，度假回来后，他们为拥有为自健康的肤色而引以为豪。当然他们也了解适量的阳光照射对身体和健康都有好处。
在古希腊，人们就对阳光的治疗功能有所了解，但这些知识已经失传。许多年来，欧洲的病人被关在房内，避免阳光照射。到了19世纪末，一位丹麦医生开始研究阳光对某些疾病尤其是皮肤病的影响。尼尔斯·拉本·芬逊出生于当时属丹麦管辖、地处北冰洋的法洛群岛。他在哥本哈根专修医学，后来就在那儿的大学教解剖学。他不仅对自然阳光而且对人造射线都感兴趣。许多医生对芬逊的成果产生兴趣。在治疗病人方面，阳光的作用越来越显重要。
一位名叫奥古斯特·罗里尔的瑞士医生在他位于莱胜的医院里充分利用阳光的作用。莱胜是一座位于阿尔卑斯山上的小村庄。这个位置很重要：最有治疗力的太阳射线是红外线和紫外线；而紫外线很容易被雾或工业城周围的受污染大气所吸收。罗里尔医生发现阳光、新鲜空气及合适的食物能治愈很多种疾病。在利用阳光疗法治疗某些结核病方面，他特别成功。
罗里尔的医院里有许多小孩。罗里尔医生决定为他们开办一所学校。在那儿，他们在接受治疗的同时也可以不放弃学业。不久，他的学校就额满了。
冬天，吃过早餐，孩子们仅穿着短裤、袜子、靴子，带着滑橇就离开医院。他们带着课本，扛着小桌子、小椅子。他们的老师领着他们穿过雪地，找到面向太阳又背风的山坡，安顿好课桌、椅子，然后开始上课。孩子们在灿烂的阳光下上几个小时课，呼吸着新鲜空气。同时他们的皮肤颜色也逐渐变深。中饭前，他们在雪地上玩半小时游戏。晒过太阳，呼吸了新鲜空气，又锻炼过后，他们当然饿了。因此，他们的食量比普通孩子大一倍。大家已完全忘了，仅仅是几个星期或是几个月前，他们还是病人，甚至几乎濒临死亡。
尽管罗里尔的学生几乎没穿多少衣服，但他们很少觉得冷，原因是他们体内充满了来自太阳的能量。但罗里尔也了解阳光会导致危险。如，要是得了肺结核，不适当的阳光浴可能危害很大。因此，他让病人首先慢慢地接收阳光。第一天，只是一只脚暴露在阳光下5分钟；第二天，用同样的时间晒另一只脚。接下来是整条腿，然后是另一条腿。再继续就是整个身体可以晒5分钟太阳，然后是10分钟。几个星期后，病人可以一次晒两、三个小时。夏天，当阳光过分强烈时，病人们便在早晨进行阳光浴，以避免射线太强造成的危害。
现在，阳光学校不止一所，光瑞典就有好几所，而且由于瑞典并不是唯一适合创建阳光学校的国家，因此其他地方也出现了类似的学校。人们继续研究光的作用，尤其是红外线和紫外线的作用。比如，紫外线为什么会使大部分（不是所有）白人的肤色变成棕色？棕色是否是预防过量吸收阳光的保护色呢？
我们似乎已得到了一个很明显的教训，现在我们应该利用这个教训了，那就是由于听任空气遭到污染，我们正在极大地损害太多人的健康。如果我们拥有更纯净的空气，那么，具有治疗作用的阳光对我们都有好处；需要上特殊的阳光学校的人也会大大减少。
六、中译英
Unit 2 1.许多童话故事伴随了人们的一生。
Many fairy tales have been accompanying us for our whole life.2.这些书很适合你这样年纪的孩子阅读。
These books are appropriate for the children at your age.3.如今在农村的一些地方，有一部分人太穷了，没有足够的钱供孩子上学。
Nowadays , in some places in the countryside , a few people are so poor that they haven’t got enough money for their children to go to school.4.独自一人在漆黑的夜里走路会使你感到害怕。
Walking at the dark night alone , you may feel frightened.5.对他来说，没有什么比没有书读更令人痛苦的了。
To him , nothing can be more cruel than having no book to read.6.她直到深夜才把那篇文章打完。
She didn’t finish typing the case until midnight.7.他认为自己已18岁了，不再需要父母的庇护了。
He thinks that he is eighteen now , and needs no protection of his parents any longer.8.那个新来的学生十分用功，因此给全班同学带来了好影响。
The new student was so hard-working that he infected the whole class.9.没人敢打赌说网上购物绝对安全。
No one can bet it’s totally safe to do shopping on internet.10.如果你认为病情可能很严重，你就不要再耽误看医生了。
If you think that the illness might be serious you should not put off going to the doctor.Unit 3 1.在现代社会，我们有各种不同的信息来源，比如说报纸，电视，因特网等。
In modern society , we have various sources of information , such as newspaper , television and Internet.2.现在，人们越来越求助于通过计算机获取最新信息，知识和进行娱乐活动。
Nowadays , people are turning more and more to computers for up-to-date information , knowledge and entertainment.3.正如人们经常说的，总是先有想法再有行动。
As is often said , the thought is always prior to the fact.4.只是有一点我希望你讲讲清楚。
There is just one point I wish you to make clear.5.那些给小孩看的书在内容和形式上与给成人看的书不大一样。
The books intended for children are quite different in content and form from those intended for adults.6.字典一伸手就能拿到。
The dictionary is within easy reach.7.这会儿，他没情绪随着音乐跳舞。
At the moment , he is not in the mood to dance to the music.8.不管年龄和性别，任何人都有权接受教育。
Everyone has the right to education regardless of age or sex.9.他的小说获得了普遍的称赞。
His
novel was received with universal praise.10.通过略读我们能抓住文章的中心。
We can get the gist of an article by skimming.Unit 4 1.他的英文能力很差，那是由于他没有充分利用在校的时间学习。
He is very poor at English , as he didn’t make full use of his time at school.2.那些皮肤病患者过去常常被关在房里，晒不着太阳，以为那样有助于疾病的治疗。
These patients suffering from diseases of the skin used to be kept indoors out of the sunlight , which was thought to be of help to cure them.3.建议中小学生学计算机操作，因为计算机在我们的教育中起着越来越重要的作用。
School students are advised to learn to play computers , because computers are now playing a more and more important part in our education.4.外面那么多噪音，我没法专心写作。
With so much noise outside , I couldn’t concentrate on my writing.5.学生们高度评价他们的新老师，说他英俊，有幽默感，知识渊博。
The students spoke highly of their new teacher , describing him as handsome , humorous and well-informed.6.他下定决心要成为大学里的一流学生。
He is firmly resolved to become a top student at university.7.到第一学年末，我们将完成6门课程。
We will have had six courses by the end of the first school year.8.他不仅是位自然科学家，还是位世界著名的作家。
He is not only a natural scientist bus also a world-famous writer.9.从实践产生的经验对我们的自我提高和改善会有帮助。
The experience emerges from our practice will be of great help to improve and develop ourselves.10.学生导师制使过去经常逃课的人培养了责任感。
Pupil-tutoring has enabled those who used to play truant to develop a sense of responsibility.
第五篇：复习英语
1.任何年满18岁的人都有资格投票(vote)。(be eligible to)
Anyone over the age of 18 is eligible to vote.2.每学期开学前，这些奖学金的申请表格就会由学校发给每一个学生。(apply for, scholarship)A form to apply for these scholarships is sent by the university to each student How many crew does he need to sail his yacht?
4.虽然她的新书没有上一本好，但是我还是喜欢它。(not quite as)I enjoyed her new book though it’s not quite as good as her last one.5.我从未遇到过如此善良的人。(never before)
Never before have I met such a 5.诸如打电话，听电话一类的事情世界。占用了这位秘书的大部分时间。大学期间可以适当考虑专业(take up)的问题。深入掌握自己感兴趣的领Such things as making and 域的专业知识，能够引导你走向成answering telephone calls take 功，除非这个专业没有发展前途，up most of the secretary’s time或者你并不很擅长这个方面。读研究生是获取专业知识的一个途径，1牛津的使命是在教学和研究的各虽然从纯经济角度来看，大学毕业个领域达到并保持领先地位，保持后再接受教育不一定算是明智的和加强其世界名校的历史地位，通投资。
before the start of each kind person.semester.1.我们得把感情放在一边，从专业3.遵照医生的建议，我决定戒烟。的(professional)角度来对待这件(on the advice of)
事。(from a...standpoint)On the advice of my doctor, I We have to put aside our decided to give up smoking.emotions and take it from a 4.公园位于县城的正中央。(be professional standpoint.located in)
2.这部戏非常精彩，我很快就沉浸The park is located right in the 于激动人心的剧情之中。(lose center of town.oneself in)
5.这所大学提供了我们所需的所The play was so wonderful that 有材料和设备。(facilities)
I soon lost myself in the The university provides all the excitement of it.materials and facilities we 3.她没有什么爱好 —— 除非你desire.把看电视也算是一种爱好。1.警察们正忙着填写关于这场事(unless)
故的各种表格。(fill out)
She hasn’t got any hobbies — The policemen are busy filling unless you call watching TV a out forms about the accident.hobby.2.我想在还车之前把油箱(fuel 4.他说他是直接从市长本人那里tank)加满。(fill up)
得到这个信息的。(first-hand)I want to fill up the fuel tank He said that he had got the before returning the car.information first-hand from the 3.如果你要投诉，最好遵循正确的Mayor himself.程序。(follow the procedure)5.既然你不能回答这个问题，我们If you want to make a
最好问问别人。(since)
complaint, you’d better follow Since you can’t answer the the correct procedure.question, perhaps we’d better 4.要不是约翰帮忙，我们绝不会这ask someone else
么快就完成实验。(without)1.那件工作很难做，不过我想试试We couldn’t have finished the 看。(have a shot)
experiment so soon without It’s a difficult job, but I’d like to John’s help.have a shot.5.暴风雨之后，岸边的人们焦急地2.这是一本关于商务实践而非理搜索湖面以期发现小船的踪迹。论的书。(as opposed to)
(scan for)
This is a book about business After the storm, the people on practice as opposed to theory.the shore anxiously scanned 3.社会活动从未耽误她的学习。the lake for any sign of the(in the way)
boat
Social activities never get in 1.我们需要通过减少道路上的车the way of her studies.辆以降低燃料消耗。4.直到1911年人们才发现第一种(consumption)
维生素(vitamin)。(It is not We need to cut down on our until...that)
fuel consumption by having It was not until 1911 that the fewer cars on the road.first of the vitamins was 2.电费上涨增加了我们的负担。identified.(add to)
5.很明显，自然灾害是造成这个国The rise in power costs has 家经济危机的原因。(crisis)added to our burden.Natural disasters have
3.你应该自己判断行事，别总是跟obviously contributed to the 在你哥哥的后面。(follow the country’s economic crisis lead)
.1.他并不后悔说过的话，只是觉You should judge by yourself, 得他完全可以不用这种方式表达。and not always follow your(could have done)
brother’s lead.He did not regret what he had 4.那种发型今年很流行，但是我想said but felt that he could have 明年就会过时。(in fashion)
expressed it differently.That hairstyle is in fashion this 2.我们最好等到12月14日。那时year, but I am afraid it will be 大卫已考完试，就能和我们一起去out of fashion next year.度假了。(will have done)5.在追求真理的过程中，我们注定We’d better wait till 14
(fate to)要遭受失败的痛苦。(in December.David will have had one’s quest for)his exam by then, so he’ll be We are fated to suffer from many able to go on holiday with us.failures in our quest for truth 3.他正在做一个新项目，年底前1.她在公共汽车站一直等到末班必须完成。(work on)
车进站。(come in)
He’s working on a new project She waited at the bus stop which has to be finished by the until the last bus came in.end of the year.2.如果我们能帮得上忙，尽管和我4.他们让我们使用他们的实验室，们联系。(contact)
作为回报，我们则让他们分享研究If there is any way we can be of 成果。(in return)
assistance, please do not They are letting us use their hesitate to contact us.lab, and in return, we are
3.他需要多少船务人员才能使他sharing with them the results 的游艇(yacht)航行？(crew)of our research.过其研究成果和毕业生的技能促进地区、全国和全球的发展。为了实现这个目标，学校将针对知识环境和整个社会发展的需要，为员工提供进行创新研究所需的设施和支持；提倡既富革新精神又严格认真的教学，使教学与研究环境卓有成效地互动从而推动教学；通过导师指导和小组学习加速思想的交流，通过开发学校图书馆、博物馆以及科学收藏方面的资源，使毕业生能在国内和国际上一展身手打下基础。2通过上网进入一家在线房地产服务公司网站，梅洛看到了可供租用的房子的彩色照片，包括很详细的楼面格局图。梅洛来到哥伦比亚时，她觉得自己完全做好了准备。面试成功了，第二天，她就得到了一份工作，薪金是47,8000美元。“因特网很容易使用，而且确实有效，”一个求职者说道，“你还要什么呢？”3虽然我决心让衣服反映，而不是代表我本人，但广告还是在左右着我。虽然我看广告的目的是想了解最新潮流，可我还是会受到广告的潜在信息的影响。广告反映社会，也丰富了社会的含义。广告给我们看到的是我们身边的人，但他们只选择特定的类型。通过展现这一类人，广告将这极少数人定义为俊男美女。广告利用人们不甘人后的心理，怂恿我们去学这些俊男美
女。我们想受人欢迎、想得到拥戴，这些心理正好被用来对付我们自
己。人们向往变成别的模样，社会
又推波助澜，广告就利用这些来影
响我们去相信某些信息：要是穿戴
与模特有差距，就不能算漂亮；要是不苗条，曲线不美，就没有吸引力；要是其貌不扬，就算性格再好，大多数人还是不会喜欢我们。
广告利用我们的弱点告诉
我们什么最新潮，我们应该是什么
样子，什么最酷，什么最热门。我们都想受人欢迎，魅力四射，这是
人性使然，所以我们会对广告言听
计从。这应该怪人们相信广告吗？还是该怪社会纵容广告误导人？我进入营销业之后，经常考虑的就是这些问题。利用人的不甘人后的心理来促进消费固然是件轻而易
举的事，但这样做对吗？要想找出
答案，我们就得退一步，不再读杂
志，不再看电视。不然的话，我还
是摆脱不了广告的左右。别的人也
是如此。4这场空难震惊了全球滑冰界以及热爱花样滑冰的人们。滑冰界以前从来没有发生过类似的惨剧。为了纪念遇难者，布
拉格的冠军赛取消了。
这次坠机对某些家庭尤其令
人悲痛欲绝。欧文家三名女性全部
丧生。除此之外，还有九个家庭至
少痛失两名亲人。
明星们的希望和梦想在一瞬间破灭了。救援人员仔细搜寻了遇难现场，只找到三双已经烧焦的冰鞋，在残留的机翼上摇曳。5如果高中阶段兴趣过于集中，你会面临两个问题。第一个就是进
了大学以后你很可能没法改变。另
一个问题就是如果分数不够高，你
就很难考入大学，而无法向那些积
极性很高，很有才能的学生一起学习，他们可以真正帮助你了解这个
6保罗还说，英雄是需要日日维护的。要达到完美的地步，滑冰选手需苦练每个细小的动作，日复一日不能懈怠，英雄也一样，应该日日奉献，而不只是在危机关头或者在众人瞩目之时才有所作为。收藏多年之后，奥运奖牌会退去它最初的光泽；若是不再关注别人的需要，英雄也会失去其知名度。和成千上万的人们一同观看盐湖城冬奥会时，保罗很清楚，每个胜利的背后，每次打破记录的背后，都有无数日日坚持不懈英雄的故事，那种永不放弃的英雄故事。7在我看来，父亲总是在奉献，在分享。我们自己条件也不宽裕，没有很多可供奉献或分享，但父亲坚信，一切都会好的，即使在极其艰难的条件下也会如此。当年阿拉巴马有许多事情令人可怕：种族隔离很厉害；我们用的喷泉式饮水器上面标着“黑人使用”字样；上街时我们只能走街道的一边。但他挺过
了这一切，没有怨，没有怒，没有憎。1977年，父亲过世了。要是他还健在，能亲眼看到我入选议会，他一定会引以为荣，满心欢喜的。我相信，此时此刻，他就在天堂注视着我。6.Eiection 选举 pillar 精神支柱 gross 不雅的 surgery 外科手术 reconstruction 重建 principle 原则 sway 说明影
响 fulfill 执行 rigid 严格的 optimist 乐观的7.Perfection 完美 storage 储存 clap 鼓掌 observe 评论 exclusive 独家的 defend 卫冕 survey调查 interview 采访 quit 停止 cover 报道1.Pursue 追求 distinct 差
别 responsibility 责任感 minimum 最低 grant 批准 exploxit 利用 equip装备配备 award 颁发奖章 restricted限制 elect选举 2.Annual version 版本 publication出版物 detailed详细的 financial经济 full-time 全日
制 entry 词条 click 点击 refugee 难民 spot动词进3.Attractive有吸引力 fascination 痴迷 statement 声明despite 让步 items消费品 define 确定 image 想象 concerned 关心关注 belonging 物品 neccessities
生活用品4.Signal 信号 crash撞 distress 处于困境 grace 优雅 exploded爆炸 collision 碰撞 lowered 下降 beamed微笑 scatter 散落 destruction 破坏毁坏5.Was sinking 陷入 specialty 专
长 purely 纯粹的discourage 阻碍 unlikely 不可能 dynamics动力学 actually 实际上 reasonably 有理智的 have preceived 觉察意识 extended 延伸的
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